Hebrew Text · Translation · Interlinear · Discourse Structure

The Book of Proverbs, Chapter 25משלי 25

Each verse opens with the running Hebrew, an English translation, and a discourse note (its connective, relation, and role in the argument). Below follows the word-by-word breakdown in six tiers: gloss, case/state or parsing, syntax, semantic force, and a lexical note.

Case Nominative Genitive Dative Accusative Vocative Verb (no case) Indeclinable

Discourse notes head each verse: relation · connective · clause-flow. Indentation marks prominence — flush-left = main line of argument; indented = supporting / subordinate material.

Theme

Proverbs 25 (28 verses in the MT) opens: These also proverbs of Solomon, which the men of Hezekiah king of Judah copied out. The middle of the chapter continues: By long forbearing is a prince persuaded, and a soft tongue breaketh the bone. It closes: He that no rule over his own spirit a city broken down, without walls.

Translation & textual notes

The Hebrew base text here follows the Masoretic Text in the Leningrad tradition as represented by the Westminster Leningrad Codex / MorphHB diplomatic stream imported from OSHB; distinctively copyrighted apparatus from BHS or BHQ is not reproduced. Proverbs 25 comprises 28 verses in MT order. Movement I (vv. 1-6) — These also proverbs of Solomon, which the men of Hezekiah king of Judah. These also proverbs of Solomon, which the men of Hezekiah king of Judah copied out. the glory of God to conceal a thing: but the honour of kings to search out a matter. The heaven for height, and the earth for depth, and the heart of kings unsearchable. Take away the dross from the silver, and there shall come forth a vessel for the finer. Take away the. Movement II (vv. 7-12) — For better that it be said to you, Come up hither; than that you shoulde. For better that it be said to you, Come up hither; than that you shouldest be put lower in the presence of the prince whom your eyes have seen. Go not forth hastily to strive, lest what to do in the end thereof, when your neighbour has put you to shame. Debate your cause with your neighbour ; and discover not a secret to another: Lest he that heareth put. Movement III (vv. 13-18) — As the cold of snow in the time of harvest, a faithful messenger to them. As the cold of snow in the time of harvest, a faithful messenger to them that send him: for he refresheth the soul of his masters. Whoso boasteth himself of a false gift clouds and wind without rain. By long forbearing is a prince persuaded, and a soft tongue breaketh the bone. Hast you found honey? eat so much as is sufficient for you, lest you be filled. Movement IV (vv. 19-24) — Confidence in an unfaithful man in time of trouble a broken tooth, and a. Confidence in an unfaithful man in time of trouble a broken tooth, and a foot out of joint. he that taketh away a garment in cold weather, vinegar upon nitre, so he that singeth songs to an heavy heart. If your enemy be hungry, give him bread to eat; and if he be thirsty, give him water to drink: For you shall heap coals of fire upon his head, and YHWH. Movement V (vv. 25-28) — cold waters to a thirsty soul, so good news from a far country. cold waters to a thirsty soul, so good news from a far country. A righteous man falling down before the wicked a troubled fountain, and a corrupt spring. not good to eat much honey: so to search their own glory glory. He that no rule over his own spirit a city broken down, without walls. Where English printed Bibles divide verses differently, this annotation follows MT versification throughout.

1

גַּם אֵ֭לֶּה מִשְׁלֵ֣י שְׁלֹמֹ֑ה אֲשֶׁ֥ר הֶ֝עְתִּ֗יקוּ אַנְשֵׁ֤י חִזְקִיָּ֬ה מֶֽלֶךְ יְהוּדָֽה

These also proverbs of Solomon, which the men of Hezekiah king of Judah copied out.

Qatal — perfective or stative predicationasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Qatal — perfective or stative predication. Lead predicate is 'and he moved on'. Opens the chapter.
Word-by-word analysis· 10 words
גַּםalsoparticle · גַּם (H1571)Particle or relational elementגַּם (H1571) 'also'.
אֵ֭לֶּהthesedem. pron xcp · אֵלֶּה (H428)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֵלֶּה (H428) 'these'.
מִשְׁלֵ֣יhis oracleN c · מָשָׁל (H4912)Construct chain (genitival)מָשָׁל (H4912) 'his oracle'.
שְׁלֹמֹ֑הSolomonN · שְׁלֹמֹה (H8010)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שְׁלֹמֹה (H8010) 'Solomon'.
אֲשֶׁ֥רthatrel. שֶׁ · אֲשֶׁר (H834)Particle or relational elementאֲשֶׁר (H834) 'that'.
הֶ֝עְתִּ֗יקוּand he moved onHiphil perf 3cp · עָתַק (H6275)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actעָתַק (H6275) 'and he moved on'.
אַנְשֵׁ֤יthe men ofN c · אִישׁ (H376)Construct chain (genitival)אִישׁ (H376) 'the men of'.
חִזְקִיָּ֬הHezekiahN · חִזְקִיָּה (H2396)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)חִזְקִיָּה (H2396) 'Hezekiah'.
מֶֽלֶךְking ofN c · מֶלֶךְ (H4428)Construct chain (genitival)מֶלֶךְ (H4428) 'king of'.
יְהוּדָֽהJudahN · יְהוּדָה (H3063)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוּדָה (H3063) 'Judah'.
2

כְּבֹ֣ד אֱ֭לֹהִים הַסְתֵּ֣ר דָּבָ֑ר וּכְבֹ֥ד מְ֝לָכִ֗ים חֲקֹ֣ר דָּבָֽר

the glory of God to conceal a thing: but the honour of kings to search out a matter.

Imperative — volitional addressasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Imperative — volitional address. Lead predicate is 'surely'.
Word-by-word analysis· 8 words
כְּבֹ֣דthe glory ofN c · כָּבוֹד (H3519)Construct chain (genitival)כָּבוֹד (H3519) 'the glory of'.
אֱ֭לֹהִיםGodN c · אֱלֹהִים (H430)Construct chain (genitival)אֱלֹהִים (H430) 'God'.
הַסְתֵּ֣רsurelyHiphil impv 2ms · סָתַר (H5641)Predicate verb (imperative)→ Volitional: imperativeסָתַר (H5641) 'surely'.
דָּבָ֑רthe matter ofN c · דָּבָר (H1697)Construct chain (genitival)דָּבָר (H1697) 'the matter of'.
וּכְבֹ֥דthe glory ofconj וְ + N com c sg constr · כָּבוֹד (H3519)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)כָּבוֹד (H3519) 'the glory of'.
מְ֝לָכִ֗יםkingsN c · מֶלֶךְ (H4428)Construct chain (genitival)מֶלֶךְ (H4428) 'kings'.
חֲקֹ֣רand searchQal inf constr · חָקַר (H2713)Infinitive construct→ Infinitive construct: purpose, result, or complementחָקַר (H2713) 'and search'.
דָּבָֽרthe matter ofN c · דָּבָר (H1697)Construct chain (genitival)דָּבָר (H1697) 'the matter of'.
3

שָׁמַ֣יִם לָ֭רוּם וָאָ֣רֶץ לָעֹ֑מֶק וְלֵ֥ב מְ֝לָכִ֗ים אֵ֣ין חֵֽקֶר

The heaven for height, and the earth for depth, and the heart of kings unsearchable.

Nominal or particle frameasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Nominal or particle frame.
Word-by-word analysis· 8 words
שָׁמַ֣יִםheavenN c · שָׁמַיִם (H8064)Construct chain (genitival)שָׁמַיִם (H8064) 'heaven'.
לָ֭רוּםhaughtinessprep + art + N com m sg abs · רוּם (H7312)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)רוּם (H7312) 'haughtiness'.
וָאָ֣רֶץand earthconj וְ + N com c sg abs · אֶרֶץ (H776)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֶרֶץ (H776) 'and earth'.
לָעֹ֑מֶקtoprep + art + N com m sg abs · עֹמֶק (H6011)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עֹמֶק (H6011) 'to'.
וְלֵ֥בhis heartconj וְ + N com m sg constr · לֵב (H3820)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)לֵב (H3820) 'his heart'.
מְ֝לָכִ֗יםkingsN c · מֶלֶךְ (H4428)Construct chain (genitival)מֶלֶךְ (H4428) 'kings'.
אֵ֣יןthere is notneg. · אַיִן (H369)Particle or relational elementאַיִן (H369) 'there is not'.
חֵֽקֶרsearchings ofN c · חֵקֶר (H2714)Construct chain (genitival)חֵקֶר (H2714) 'searchings of'.
4

הָג֣וֹ סִיגִ֣ים מִכָּ֑סֶף וַיֵּצֵ֖א לַצֹּרֵ֣ף כֶּֽלִי

Take away the dross from the silver, and there shall come forth a vessel for the finer.

Infinitive absolute — emphasis or attendant actionasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Infinitive absolute — emphasis or attendant action. Lead predicate is 'stay'.
Word-by-word analysis· 6 words
הָג֣וֹstayQal inf abs · הָגָה (H1898)Infinitive absolute→ Infinitive absolute: emphasis or attendant actionהָגָה (H1898) 'stay'.
סִיגִ֣יםtoN c · סִיג (H5509)Construct chain (genitival)סִיג (H5509) 'to'.
מִכָּ֑סֶףfrom the money ofprep + N com m sg abs · כֶּסֶף (H3701)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)כֶּסֶף (H3701) 'from the money of'.
וַיֵּצֵ֖אand he went outconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · יָצָא (H3318)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceיָצָא (H3318) 'and he went out'.
לַצֹּרֵ֣ףandprep + art + Qal ptc ms · צָרַף (H6884)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorצָרַף (H6884) 'and'.
כֶּֽלִיarticle ofN c · כְּלִי (H3627)Construct chain (genitival)כְּלִי (H3627) 'article of'.
5

הָג֣וֹ רָ֭שָׁע לִפְנֵי מֶ֑לֶךְ וְיִכּ֖וֹן בַּצֶּ֣דֶק כִּסְאֽוֹ

Take away the wicked before the king, and his throne shall be established in righteousness.

Infinitive absolute — emphasis or attendant actionasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Infinitive absolute — emphasis or attendant action. Lead predicate is 'stay'.
Word-by-word analysis· 7 words
הָג֣וֹstayQal inf abs · הָגָה (H1898)Infinitive absolute→ Infinitive absolute: emphasis or attendant actionהָגָה (H1898) 'stay'.
רָ֭שָׁעthe wickedAdj · רָשָׁע (H7563)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)רָשָׁע (H7563) 'the wicked'.
לִפְנֵיbeforeprep + N com c pl constr · פָּנִים (H6440)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)פָּנִים (H6440) 'before'.
מֶ֑לֶךְking ofN c · מֶלֶךְ (H4428)Construct chain (genitival)מֶלֶךְ (H4428) 'king of'.
וְיִכּ֖וֹןreadyconj וְ + Niphal impf 3ms · כּוּן (H3559)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalכּוּן (H3559) 'ready'.
בַּצֶּ֣דֶקin righteousnessprep + art + N com m sg abs · צֶדֶק (H6664)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)צֶדֶק (H6664) 'in righteousness'.
כִּסְאֽוֹhis throneN c · כִּסֵּא (H3678)Construct chain (genitival)כִּסֵּא (H3678) 'his throne'.
6

אַל תִּתְהַדַּ֥ר לִפְנֵי מֶ֑לֶךְ וּבִמְק֥וֹם גְּ֝דֹלִ֗ים אַֽל תַּעֲמֹֽד

Put not forth thyself in the presence of the king, and stand not in the place of great :

Jussive — volitionalasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Jussive — volitional. Lead predicate is 'you shall favor'.
Word-by-word analysis· 8 words
אַלdo notneg. · אַל (H408)Particle or relational elementאַל (H408) 'do not'.
תִּתְהַדַּ֥רyou shall favorHithpael jussive 2ms · הָדַר (H1921)Predicate verb (jussive)→ Jussive: volitionalהָדַר (H1921) 'you shall favor'.
לִפְנֵיbeforeprep + N com c pl constr · פָּנִים (H6440)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)פָּנִים (H6440) 'before'.
מֶ֑לֶךְking ofN c · מֶלֶךְ (H4428)Construct chain (genitival)מֶלֶךְ (H4428) 'king of'.
וּבִמְק֥וֹםand in the placeconj וְ + prep + N com m sg constr · מָקוֹם (H4725)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מָקוֹם (H4725) 'and in the place'.
גְּ֝דֹלִ֗יםgreatAdj · גָּדוֹל (H1419)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)גָּדוֹל (H1419) 'great'.
אַֽלdo notneg. · אַל (H408)Particle or relational elementאַל (H408) 'do not'.
תַּעֲמֹֽדyou shall standQal jussive 2ms · עָמַד (H5975)Predicate verb (jussive)→ Jussive: volitionalעָמַד (H5975) 'you shall stand'.
7

כִּ֤י ט֥וֹב אֲמָר לְךָ֗ עֲֽלֵ֫ה הֵ֥נָּה מֵֽ֭הַשְׁפִּ֣ילְךָ לִפְנֵ֣י נָדִ֑יב אֲשֶׁ֖ר רָא֣וּ עֵינֶֽיךָ

For better that it be said to you, Come up hither; than that you shouldest be put lower in the presence of the prince whom your eyes have seen.

Infinitive construct — purpose, result, or complement
kî-clause (causal, recitative, or evidential). Infinitive construct — purpose, result, or complement. Lead predicate is 'he said'. Speech formula or quoted address.
Word-by-word analysis· 12 words
כִּ֤יforconj וְ · כִּי (H3588)Particle or relational elementכִּי (H3588) 'for'.
ט֥וֹבgoodAdj · טוֹב (H2896)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)טוֹב (H2896) 'good'.
אֲמָרhe saidQal inf constr · אָמַר (H559)Infinitive construct→ Infinitive construct: purpose, result, or complementאָמַר (H559) 'he said'.
לְךָ֗to youprep + sfx 2msParticle or relational elementFunction word: 'to you'.
עֲֽלֵ֫הgo upQal impv 2ms · עָלָה (H5927)Predicate verb (imperative)→ Volitional: imperativeעָלָה (H5927) 'go up'.
הֵ֥נָּהhereart · הֵנָּה (H2008)Particle or relational elementהֵנָּה (H2008) 'here'.
מֵֽ֭הַשְׁפִּ֣ילְךָabaseprep + Hiphil inf constr + sfx 2ms · שָׁפֵל (H8213)Infinitive construct→ Infinitive construct: purpose, result, or complementשָׁפֵל (H8213) 'abase'.
לִפְנֵ֣יbeforeprep + N com c pl constr · פָּנִים (H6440)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)פָּנִים (H6440) 'before'.
נָדִ֑יבwilling ofAdj · נָדִיב (H5081)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)נָדִיב (H5081) 'willing of'.
אֲשֶׁ֖רthatrel. שֶׁ · אֲשֶׁר (H834)Particle or relational elementאֲשֶׁר (H834) 'that'.
רָא֣וּsawQal perf 3cp · רָאָה (H7200)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actרָאָה (H7200) 'saw'.
עֵינֶֽיךָyour eyesN c · עַיִן (H5869)Construct chain (genitival)עַיִן (H5869) 'your eyes'.
8

אַל תֵּצֵ֥א לָרִ֗ב מַ֫הֵ֥ר פֶּ֣ן מַה תַּ֭עֲשֶׂה בְּאַחֲרִיתָ֑הּ בְּהַכְלִ֖ים אֹתְךָ֣ רֵעֶֽךָ

Go not forth hastily to strive, lest what to do in the end thereof, when your neighbour has put you to shame.

Jussive — volitionalasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Jussive — volitional. Lead predicate is 'you go out'.
Word-by-word analysis· 11 words
אַלdo notneg. · אַל (H408)Particle or relational elementאַל (H408) 'do not'.
תֵּצֵ֥אyou go outQal jussive 2ms · יָצָא (H3318)Predicate verb (jussive)→ Jussive: volitionalיָצָא (H3318) 'you go out'.
לָרִ֗בand quarreledprep + Qal inf constr · רִיב (H7378)Infinitive construct→ Infinitive construct: purpose, result, or complementרִיב (H7378) 'and quarreled'.
מַ֫הֵ֥רquicklyPiel inf abs · מָהַר (H4118)Infinitive absolute→ Infinitive absolute: emphasis or attendant actionמָהַר (H4118) 'quickly'.
פֶּ֣ןlestconj וְ · פֶּן (H6435)Particle or relational elementפֶּן (H6435) 'lest'.
מַהwhatinterrog. · מָה (H4100)Particle or relational elementמָה (H4100) 'what'.
תַּ֭עֲשֶׂהyou shall makeQal impf 2ms · עָשָׂה (H6213)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalעָשָׂה (H6213) 'you shall make'.
בְּאַחֲרִיתָ֑הּin the latterprep + N com f sg constr + sfx 3fs · אַחֲרִית (H319)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אַחֲרִית (H319) 'in the latter'.
בְּהַכְלִ֖יםyou have humiliated meprep + Hiphil inf constr · כָּלַם (H3637)Infinitive construct→ Infinitive construct: purpose, result, or complementכָּלַם (H3637) 'you have humiliated me'.
אֹתְךָ֣you [obj]obj marker + sfx 2ms · אֵת (H853)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H853) 'you [obj]'.
רֵעֶֽךָyour neighborN c · רֵעַ (H7453)Construct chain (genitival)רֵעַ (H7453) 'your neighbor'.
9

רִֽ֭יבְךָ רִ֣יב אֶת רֵעֶ֑ךָ וְס֖וֹד אַחֵ֣ר אַל תְּגָֽל

Debate your cause with your neighbour ; and discover not a secret to another:

Imperative — volitional addressasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Imperative — volitional address. Lead predicate is 'and quarreled'.
Word-by-word analysis· 8 words
רִֽ֭יבְךָdisputeN c · רִיב (H7379)Construct chain (genitival)רִיב (H7379) 'dispute'.
רִ֣יבand quarreledQal impv 2ms · רִיב (H7378)Predicate verb (imperative)→ Volitional: imperativeרִיב (H7378) 'and quarreled'.
אֶתwithprep · אֵת (H854)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H854) 'with'.
רֵעֶ֑ךָyour neighborN c · רֵעַ (H7453)Construct chain (genitival)רֵעַ (H7453) 'your neighbor'.
וְס֖וֹדin their councilconj וְ + N com m sg abs · סוֹד (H5475)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)סוֹד (H5475) 'in their council'.
אַחֵ֣רanotherAdj · אַחֵר (H312)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אַחֵר (H312) 'another'.
אַלdo notneg. · אַל (H408)Particle or relational elementאַל (H408) 'do not'.
תְּגָֽלshall you uncoverPiel jussive 2ms · גָּלָה (H1540)Predicate verb (jussive)→ Jussive: volitionalגָּלָה (H1540) 'shall you uncover'.
10

פֶּֽן יְחַסֶּדְךָ֥ שֹׁמֵ֑עַ וְ֝דִבָּתְךָ֗ לֹ֣א תָשֽׁוּב

Lest he that heareth put you to shame, and your infamy turn not away.

Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'shew self merciful'.
Word-by-word analysis· 6 words
פֶּֽןlestconj וְ · פֶּן (H6435)Particle or relational elementפֶּן (H6435) 'lest'.
יְחַסֶּדְךָ֥shew self mercifulPiel impf 3ms + sfx 2ms · חָסַד (H2616)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalחָסַד (H2616) 'shew self merciful'.
שֹׁמֵ֑עַlistenQal ptc ms · שָׁמַע (H8085)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorשָׁמַע (H8085) 'listen'.
וְ֝דִבָּתְךָ֗an evil report ofconj וְ + N com f sg constr + sfx 2ms · דִּבָּה (H1681)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)דִּבָּה (H1681) 'an evil report of'.
לֹ֣אnotneg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'not'.
תָשֽׁוּבyou shall returnQal impf 3fs · שׁוּב (H7725)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalשׁוּב (H7725) 'you shall return'.
11

תַּפּוּחֵ֣י זָ֭הָב בְּמַשְׂכִּיּ֥וֹת כָּ֑סֶף דָּ֝בָ֗ר דָּבֻ֥ר עַל אָפְנָֽיו

A word fitly spoken apples of gold in pictures of silver.

Participle — attendant circumstance or substantival actor
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Participle — attendant circumstance or substantival actor. Lead predicate is 'speak'.
Word-by-word analysis· 8 words
תַּפּוּחֵ֣יandN c · תַּפּוּחַ (H8598)Construct chain (genitival)תַּפּוּחַ (H8598) 'and'.
זָ֭הָבgoldN c · זָהָב (H2091)Construct chain (genitival)זָהָב (H2091) 'gold'.
בְּמַשְׂכִּיּ֥וֹתfigured, carvedprep + N com f pl constr · מַשְׂכִּית (H4906)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מַשְׂכִּית (H4906) 'figured, carved'.
כָּ֑סֶףsilverN c · כֶּסֶף (H3701)Construct chain (genitival)כֶּסֶף (H3701) 'silver'.
דָּ֝בָ֗רthe matter ofN c · דָּבָר (H1697)Construct chain (genitival)דָּבָר (H1697) 'the matter of'.
דָּבֻ֥רspeakQal ptc ms · דִּבֶּר (H1696)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorדִּבֶּר (H1696) 'speak'.
עַלonprep · עַל (H5921)Particle or relational elementעַל (H5921) 'on'.
אָפְנָֽיוfitlyN c · אֹפֶן (H655)Construct chain (genitival)אֹפֶן (H655) 'fitly'.
12

נֶ֣זֶם זָ֭הָב וַחֲלִי כָ֑תֶם מוֹכִ֥יחַ חָ֝כָ֗ם עַל אֹ֥זֶן שֹׁמָֽעַת

an earring of gold, and an ornament of fine gold, a wise reprover upon an obedient ear.

Participle — attendant circumstance or substantival actorasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Participle — attendant circumstance or substantival actor. Lead predicate is 'and you are vindicated'.
Word-by-word analysis· 9 words
נֶ֣זֶםa ringN c · נֶזֶם (H5141)Construct chain (genitival)נֶזֶם (H5141) 'a ring'.
זָ֭הָבgoldN c · זָהָב (H2091)Construct chain (genitival)זָהָב (H2091) 'gold'.
וַחֲלִיandconj וְ + N com m sg constr · חֲלִי (H2481)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)חֲלִי (H2481) 'and'.
כָ֑תֶםfromN c · כֶּתֶם (H3800)Construct chain (genitival)כֶּתֶם (H3800) 'from'.
מוֹכִ֥יחַand you are vindicatedHiphil ptc ms · יָכַח (H3198)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorיָכַח (H3198) 'and you are vindicated'.
חָ֝כָ֗םwise [of]Adj · חָכָם (H2450)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)חָכָם (H2450) 'wise [of]'.
עַלonprep · עַל (H5921)Particle or relational elementעַל (H5921) 'on'.
אֹ֥זֶןthe ear ofN c · אֹזֶן (H241)Construct chain (genitival)אֹזֶן (H241) 'the ear of'.
שֹׁמָֽעַתyou obeyedQal ptc fs · שָׁמַע (H8085)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorשָׁמַע (H8085) 'you obeyed'.
13

כְּצִנַּת שֶׁ֨לֶג בְּי֬וֹם קָצִ֗יר צִ֣יר נֶ֭אֱמָן לְשֹׁלְחָ֑יו וְנֶ֖פֶשׁ אֲדֹנָ֣יו יָשִֽׁיב

As the cold of snow in the time of harvest, a faithful messenger to them that send him: for he refresheth the soul of his masters.

Participle — attendant circumstance or substantival actorasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Participle — attendant circumstance or substantival actor. Lead predicate is 'and he sent'.
Word-by-word analysis· 10 words
כְּצִנַּתbucklerprep + N com f sg constr · צִנָּה (H6793)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)צִנָּה (H6793) 'buckler'.
שֶׁ֨לֶגlike snowN c · שֶׁלֶג (H7950)Construct chain (genitival)שֶׁלֶג (H7950) 'like snow'.
בְּי֬וֹםon the dayprep + N com m sg constr · יוֹם (H3117)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יוֹם (H3117) 'on the day'.
קָצִ֗ירharvest ofN c · קָצִיר (H7105)Construct chain (genitival)קָצִיר (H7105) 'harvest of'.
צִ֣ירambassadorN c · צִיר (H6735)Construct chain (genitival)צִיר (H6735) 'ambassador'.
נֶ֭אֱמָןfaithfulN · אָמַן (H539)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אָמַן (H539) 'faithful'.
לְשֹׁלְחָ֑יוand he sentprep + Qal ptc mp + sfx 3ms · שָׁלַח (H7971)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorשָׁלַח (H7971) 'and he sent'.
וְנֶ֖פֶשׁand persons ofconj וְ + N com c sg constr · נֶפֶשׁ (H5315)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)נֶפֶשׁ (H5315) 'and persons of'.
אֲדֹנָ֣יוhis masterN c · אָדוֹן (H113)Construct chain (genitival)אָדוֹן (H113) 'his master'.
יָשִֽׁיבhe shall refundHiphil impf 3ms · שׁוּב (H7725)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalשׁוּב (H7725) 'he shall refund'.
14

נְשִׂיאִ֣ים וְ֭רוּחַ וְגֶ֣שֶׁם אָ֑יִן אִ֥ישׁ מִ֝תְהַלֵּ֗ל בְּמַתַּת שָֽׁקֶר

Whoso boasteth himself of a false gift clouds and wind without rain.

Participle — attendant circumstance or substantival actorasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Participle — attendant circumstance or substantival actor. Lead predicate is 'and they praised'.
Word-by-word analysis· 8 words
נְשִׂיאִ֣יםa chiefN c · נָשִׂיא (H5387)Construct chain (genitival)נָשִׂיא (H5387) 'a chief'.
וְ֭רוּחַand the wind ofconj וְ + N com c sg abs · רוּחַ (H7307)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)רוּחַ (H7307) 'and the wind of'.
וְגֶ֣שֶׁםthe rainconj וְ + N com m sg abs · גֶּשֶׁם (H1653)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)גֶּשֶׁם (H1653) 'the rain'.
אָ֑יִןthere is notneg. · אַיִן (H369)Particle or relational elementאַיִן (H369) 'there is not'.
אִ֥ישׁa manN c · אִישׁ (H376)Construct chain (genitival)אִישׁ (H376) 'a man'.
מִ֝תְהַלֵּ֗לand they praisedHithpael ptc ms · הָלַל (H1984)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorהָלַל (H1984) 'and they praised'.
בְּמַתַּתgiftprep + N com f sg constr · מַתָּת (H4991)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מַתָּת (H4991) 'gift'.
שָֽׁקֶרfalsehoodN c · שֶׁקֶר (H8267)Construct chain (genitival)שֶׁקֶר (H8267) 'falsehood'.
15

בְּאֹ֣רֶךְ אַ֭פַּיִם יְפֻתֶּ֣ה קָצִ֑ין וְלָשׁ֥וֹן רַ֝כָּ֗ה תִּשְׁבָּר גָּֽרֶם

By long forbearing is a prince persuaded, and a soft tongue breaketh the bone.

Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-orientedasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'be deceived'.
Word-by-word analysis· 8 words
בְּאֹ֣רֶךְin the length ofprep + N com m sg constr · אֹרֶךְ (H753)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֹרֶךְ (H753) 'in the length of'.
אַ֭פַּיִםof anger/nostrilsN c · אַף (H639)Construct chain (genitival)אַף (H639) 'of anger/nostrils'.
יְפֻתֶּ֣הbe deceivedPual impf 3ms · פָּתָה (H6601)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalפָּתָה (H6601) 'be deceived'.
קָצִ֑יןthe chiefs ofN c · קָצִין (H7101)Construct chain (genitival)קָצִין (H7101) 'the chiefs of'.
וְלָשׁ֥וֹןand a bar ofconj וְ + N com c sg abs · לָשׁוֹן (H3956)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)לָשׁוֹן (H3956) 'and a bar of'.
רַ֝כָּ֗הtenderAdj · רַךְ (H7390)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)רַךְ (H7390) 'tender'.
תִּשְׁבָּרyou shall breakQal impf 3fs · שָׁבַר (H7665)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalשָׁבַר (H7665) 'you shall break'.
גָּֽרֶםboneN c · גֶּרֶם (H1634)Construct chain (genitival)גֶּרֶם (H1634) 'bone'.
16

דְּבַ֣שׁ מָ֭צָאתָ אֱכֹ֣ל דַּיֶּ֑ךָּ פֶּן תִּ֝שְׂבָּעֶ֗נּוּ וַהֲקֵֽאתֽוֹ

Hast you found honey? eat so much as is sufficient for you, lest you be filled therewith, and vomit it.

Qatal — perfective or stative predicationasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Qatal — perfective or stative predication. Lead predicate is 'you have found'.
Word-by-word analysis· 7 words
דְּבַ֣שׁhoneyN c · דְּבַשׁ (H1706)Construct chain (genitival)דְּבַשׁ (H1706) 'honey'.
מָ֭צָאתָyou have foundQal perf 2ms · מָצָא (H4672)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actמָצָא (H4672) 'you have found'.
אֱכֹ֣לeatsQal impv 2ms · אָכַל (H398)Predicate verb (imperative)→ Volitional: imperativeאָכַל (H398) 'eats'.
דַּיֶּ֑ךָּthan enough forN c · דַּי (H1767)Construct chain (genitival)דַּי (H1767) 'than enough for'.
פֶּןlestconj וְ · פֶּן (H6435)Particle or relational elementפֶּן (H6435) 'lest'.
תִּ֝שְׂבָּעֶ֗נּוּand be satisfiedQal impf 2ms + sfx 3ms · שָׂבַע (H7646)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalשָׂבַע (H7646) 'and be satisfied'.
וַהֲקֵֽאתֽוֹand vomited outconj וְ + Hiphil perf 2ms + sfx 3ms · קִיא (H6958)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actקִיא (H6958) 'and vomited out'.
17

הֹקַ֣ר רַ֭גְלְךָ מִבֵּ֣ית רֵעֶ֑ךָ פֶּן יִ֝שְׂבָּעֲךָ֗ וּשְׂנֵאֶֽךָ

Withdraw your foot from your neighbour's house; lest he be weary of you, and hate you.

Imperative — volitional address
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Imperative — volitional address.
Word-by-word analysis· 7 words
הֹקַ֣רandHiphil impv 2ms · יָקַר (H3365)Predicate verb (imperative)→ Volitional: imperativeיָקַר (H3365) 'and'.
רַ֭גְלְךָyour footN c · רֶגֶל (H7272)Construct chain (genitival)רֶגֶל (H7272) 'your foot'.
מִבֵּ֣יתfrom the house ofprep + N com m sg constr · בַּיִת (H1004)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)בַּיִת (H1004) 'from the house of'.
רֵעֶ֑ךָyour neighborN c · רֵעַ (H7453)Construct chain (genitival)רֵעַ (H7453) 'your neighbor'.
פֶּןlestconj וְ · פֶּן (H6435)Particle or relational elementפֶּן (H6435) 'lest'.
יִ֝שְׂבָּעֲךָ֗and be satisfiedQal impf 3ms + sfx 2ms · שָׂבַע (H7646)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalשָׂבַע (H7646) 'and be satisfied'.
וּשְׂנֵאֶֽךָhatingconj וְ + Qal perf 3ms + sfx 2ms · שָׂנֵא (H8130)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actשָׂנֵא (H8130) 'hating'.
18

מֵפִ֣יץ וְ֭חֶרֶב וְחֵ֣ץ שָׁנ֑וּן אִ֥ישׁ עֹנֶ֥ה בְ֝רֵעֵ֗הוּ עֵ֣ד שָֽׁקֶר

A man that beareth false witness against his neighbour a maul, and a sword, and a sharp arrow.

Participle — attendant circumstance or substantival actorasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Participle — attendant circumstance or substantival actor. Lead predicate is 'I sharpen'.
Word-by-word analysis· 9 words
מֵפִ֣יץmaulN c · מֵפִיץ (H4650)Construct chain (genitival)מֵפִיץ (H4650) 'maul'.
וְ֭חֶרֶבand swordconj וְ + N com f sg abs · חֶרֶב (H2719)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)חֶרֶב (H2719) 'and sword'.
וְחֵ֣ץmy arrowsconj וְ + N com m sg abs · חֵץ (H2671)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)חֵץ (H2671) 'my arrows'.
שָׁנ֑וּןI sharpenQal ptc ms · שָׁנַן (H8150)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorשָׁנַן (H8150) 'I sharpen'.
אִ֥ישׁa manN c · אִישׁ (H376)Construct chain (genitival)אִישׁ (H376) 'a man'.
עֹנֶ֥הhas testifiedQal ptc ms · עָנָה (H6030)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorעָנָה (H6030) 'has testified'.
בְ֝רֵעֵ֗הוּto his neighborprep + N com m sg constr + sfx 3ms · רֵעַ (H7453)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)רֵעַ (H7453) 'to his neighbor'.
עֵ֣דa witnessN c · עֵד (H5707)Construct chain (genitival)עֵד (H5707) 'a witness'.
שָֽׁקֶרfalsehoodN c · שֶׁקֶר (H8267)Construct chain (genitival)שֶׁקֶר (H8267) 'falsehood'.
19

שֵׁ֣ן רֹ֭עָה וְרֶ֣גֶל מוּעָ֑דֶת מִבְטָ֥ח בּ֝וֹגֵ֗ד בְּי֣וֹם צָרָֽה

Confidence in an unfaithful man in time of trouble a broken tooth, and a foot out of joint.

Participle — attendant circumstance or substantival actorasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Participle — attendant circumstance or substantival actor. Lead predicate is 'broken'.
Word-by-word analysis· 8 words
שֵׁ֣ןtoothN c · שֵׁן (H8127)Construct chain (genitival)שֵׁן (H8127) 'tooth'.
רֹ֭עָהbrokenQal ptc fs · רֹעָה (H7465)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorרֹעָה (H7465) 'broken'.
וְרֶ֣גֶלhis feetconj וְ + N com f sg abs · רֶגֶל (H7272)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)רֶגֶל (H7272) 'his feet'.
מוּעָ֑דֶתout of jointQal passive ptc fs · מוּעֶדֶת (H4154)Passive participle→ Passive participle: resulting stateמוּעֶדֶת (H4154) 'out of joint'.
מִבְטָ֥חconfidenceN c · מִבְטָח (H4009)Construct chain (genitival)מִבְטָח (H4009) 'confidence'.
בּ֝וֹגֵ֗דin his dealing treacherouslyQal ptc ms · בָּגַד (H898)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorבָּגַד (H898) 'in his dealing treacherously'.
בְּי֣וֹםon the dayprep + N com m sg constr · יוֹם (H3117)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יוֹם (H3117) 'on the day'.
צָרָֽהand troublesN c · צָרָה (H6869)Construct chain (genitival)צָרָה (H6869) 'and troubles'.
20

מַ֥עֲדֶה בֶּ֨גֶד בְּי֣וֹם קָ֭רָה חֹ֣מֶץ עַל נָ֑תֶר וְשָׁ֥ר בַּ֝שִּׁרִ֗ים עַ֣ל לֶב רָֽע

he that taketh away a garment in cold weather, vinegar upon nitre, so he that singeth songs to an heavy heart.

Participle — attendant circumstance or substantival actorasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Participle — attendant circumstance or substantival actor. Lead predicate is 'adorn'.
Word-by-word analysis· 12 words
מַ֥עֲדֶהadornHiphil ptc ms · עָדָה (H5710)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorעָדָה (H5710) 'adorn'.
בֶּ֨גֶדa cloth ofN c · בֶּגֶד (H899)Construct chain (genitival)בֶּגֶד (H899) 'a cloth of'.
בְּי֣וֹםon the dayprep + N com m sg constr · יוֹם (H3117)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יוֹם (H3117) 'on the day'.
קָ֭רָהcoldN c · קָרָה (H7135)Construct chain (genitival)קָרָה (H7135) 'cold'.
חֹ֣מֶץvinegar ofN c · חֹמֶץ (H2558)Construct chain (genitival)חֹמֶץ (H2558) 'vinegar of'.
עַלonprep · עַל (H5921)Particle or relational elementעַל (H5921) 'on'.
נָ֑תֶרinN c · נֶתֶר (H5427)Construct chain (genitival)נֶתֶר (H5427) 'in'.
וְשָׁ֥רI will singconj וְ + Qal ptc ms · שִׁיר (H7891)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorשִׁיר (H7891) 'I will sing'.
בַּ֝שִּׁרִ֗יםa songprep + art + N com c pl abs · שִׁירָה (H7892)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שִׁירָה (H7892) 'a song'.
עַ֣לonprep · עַל (H5921)Particle or relational elementעַל (H5921) 'on'.
לֶבthe heart ofN c · לֵב (H3820)Construct chain (genitival)לֵב (H3820) 'the heart of'.
רָֽעbadAdj · רַע (H7451)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)רַע (H7451) 'bad'.
21

אִם רָעֵ֣ב שֹׂ֭נַאֲךָ הַאֲכִלֵ֣הוּ לָ֑חֶם וְאִם צָ֝מֵ֗א הַשְׁקֵ֥הוּ מָֽיִם

If your enemy be hungry, give him bread to eat; and if he be thirsty, give him water to drink:

Participle — attendant circumstance or substantival actorʼim
Conditional ʼim. Participle — attendant circumstance or substantival actor. Lead predicate is 'the one hating you'.
Word-by-word analysis· 9 words
אִםifconj וְ · אִם (H518)Particle or relational elementאִם (H518) 'if'.
רָעֵ֣בandAdj · רָעֵב (H7457)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)רָעֵב (H7457) 'and'.
שֹׂ֭נַאֲךָthe one hating youQal ptc ms + sfx 2ms · שָׂנֵא (H8130)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorשָׂנֵא (H8130) 'the one hating you'.
הַאֲכִלֵ֣הוּyou shall eatHiphil impv 2ms + sfx 3ms · אָכַל (H398)Predicate verb (imperative)→ Volitional: imperativeאָכַל (H398) 'you shall eat'.
לָ֑חֶםbreadN c · לֶחֶם (H3899)Construct chain (genitival)לֶחֶם (H3899) 'bread'.
וְאִםand ifconj וְ + conj וְ · אִם (H518)Particle or relational elementאִם (H518) 'and if'.
צָ֝מֵ֗אthe dry/thirstyAdj · צָמֵא (H6771)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)צָמֵא (H6771) 'the dry/thirsty'.
הַשְׁקֵ֥הוּand wateredHiphil impv 2ms + sfx 3ms · שָׁקָה (H8248)Predicate verb (imperative)→ Volitional: imperativeשָׁקָה (H8248) 'and watered'.
מָֽיִםwaterN c · מַיִם (H4325)Construct chain (genitival)מַיִם (H4325) 'water'.
22

כִּ֤י גֶֽחָלִ֗ים אַ֭תָּה חֹתֶ֣ה עַל רֹאשׁ֑וֹ וַֽ֝יהוָ֗ה יְשַׁלֶּם לָֽךְ

For you shall heap coals of fire upon his head, and YHWH shall reward you.

Participle — attendant circumstance or substantival actor
kî-clause (causal, recitative, or evidential). Participle — attendant circumstance or substantival actor. Lead predicate is 'to'.
Word-by-word analysis· 9 words
כִּ֤יforconj וְ · כִּי (H3588)Particle or relational elementכִּי (H3588) 'for'.
גֶֽחָלִ֗יםcoals ofN c · גַּחֶלֶת (H1513)Construct chain (genitival)גַּחֶלֶת (H1513) 'coals of'.
אַ֭תָּהyoupron 2ms · אַתָּה (H859)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אַתָּה (H859) 'you'.
חֹתֶ֣הtoQal ptc ms · חָתָה (H2846)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorחָתָה (H2846) 'to'.
עַלonprep · עַל (H5921)Particle or relational elementעַל (H5921) 'on'.
רֹאשׁ֑וֹhis headN c · רֹאשׁ (H7218)Construct chain (genitival)רֹאשׁ (H7218) 'his head'.
וַֽ֝יהוָ֗הand YHWHconj וְ + N proper · יְהוָה (H3068)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוָה (H3068) 'and YHWH'.
יְשַׁלֶּםhe shall payPiel impf 3ms · שָׁלַם (H7999)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalשָׁלַם (H7999) 'he shall pay'.
לָֽךְto youprep + sfx 2fsParticle or relational elementFunction word: 'to you'.
23

ר֣וּחַ צָ֭פוֹן תְּח֣וֹלֵֽל גָּ֑שֶׁם וּפָנִ֥ים נִ֝זְעָמִ֗ים לְשׁ֣וֹן סָֽתֶר

The north wind driveth away rain: so an angry countenance a backbiting tongue.

Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-orientedasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'and be in anguish'.
Word-by-word analysis· 8 words
ר֣וּחַa spirit ofN c · רוּחַ (H7307)Construct chain (genitival)רוּחַ (H7307) 'a spirit of'.
צָ֭פוֹןnorthN c · צָפוֹן (H6828)Construct chain (genitival)צָפוֹן (H6828) 'north'.
תְּח֣וֹלֵֽלand be in anguishPolel impf 3fs · חוּל (H2342)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalחוּל (H2342) 'and be in anguish'.
גָּ֑שֶׁםthe rainN c · גֶּשֶׁם (H1653)Construct chain (genitival)גֶּשֶׁם (H1653) 'the rain'.
וּפָנִ֥יםbeforeconj וְ + N com c pl abs · פָּנִים (H6440)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)פָּנִים (H6440) 'before'.
נִ֝זְעָמִ֗יםdenounceN · זָעַם (H2194)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)זָעַם (H2194) 'denounce'.
לְשׁ֣וֹןtongueN c · לָשׁוֹן (H3956)Construct chain (genitival)לָשׁוֹן (H3956) 'tongue'.
סָֽתֶרsecrecyN c · סֵתֶר (H5643)Construct chain (genitival)סֵתֶר (H5643) 'secrecy'.
24

ט֗וֹב שֶׁ֥בֶת עַל פִּנַּת גָּ֑ג מֵאֵ֥שֶׁת מדונים מִ֝דְיָנִ֗ים וּבֵ֥ית חָֽבֶר

better to dwell in the corner of the housetop, than with a brawling woman and in a wide house.

Infinitive construct — purpose, result, or complementasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Infinitive construct — purpose, result, or complement. Lead predicate is 'dwelling/staying'.
Word-by-word analysis· 10 words
ט֗וֹבgoodAdj · טוֹב (H2896)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)טוֹב (H2896) 'good'.
שֶׁ֥בֶתdwelling/stayingQal inf constr · יָשַׁב (H3427)Infinitive construct→ Infinitive construct: purpose, result, or complementיָשַׁב (H3427) 'dwelling/staying'.
עַלonprep · עַל (H5921)Particle or relational elementעַל (H5921) 'on'.
פִּנַּתthe corners ofN c · פִּנָּה (H6438)Construct chain (genitival)פִּנָּה (H6438) 'the corners of'.
גָּ֑גits topN c · גָּג (H1406)Construct chain (genitival)גָּג (H1406) 'its top'.
מֵאֵ֥שֶׁתthe womanprep + N com f sg constr · אִשָּׁה (H802)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אִשָּׁה (H802) 'the woman'.
מדוניםbrawlingN c · מָדוֹן (H4066)Construct chain (genitival)מָדוֹן (H4066) 'brawling'.
מִ֝דְיָנִ֗יםbrawlingN c · מִדְיָן (H4079)Construct chain (genitival)מִדְיָן (H4079) 'brawling'.
וּבֵ֥יתand the house ofconj וְ + N com m sg constr · בַּיִת (H1004)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)בַּיִת (H1004) 'and the house of'.
חָֽבֶרa spell/charmN c · חֶבֶר (H2267)Construct chain (genitival)חֶבֶר (H2267) 'a spell/charm'.
25

מַ֣יִם קָ֭רִים עַל נֶ֣פֶשׁ עֲיֵפָ֑ה וּשְׁמוּעָ֥ה ט֝וֹבָ֗ה מֵאֶ֥רֶץ מֶרְחָֽק

cold waters to a thirsty soul, so good news from a far country.

Nominal or particle frameasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Nominal or particle frame.
Word-by-word analysis· 9 words
מַ֣יִםwaterN c · מַיִם (H4325)Construct chain (genitival)מַיִם (H4325) 'water'.
קָ֭רִיםcoldAdj · קַר (H7119)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)קַר (H7119) 'cold'.
עַלonprep · עַל (H5921)Particle or relational elementעַל (H5921) 'on'.
נֶ֣פֶשׁa personN c · נֶפֶשׁ (H5315)Construct chain (genitival)נֶפֶשׁ (H5315) 'a person'.
עֲיֵפָ֑הfaintAdj · עָיֵף (H5889)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עָיֵף (H5889) 'faint'.
וּשְׁמוּעָ֥הbruitconj וְ + N com f sg abs · שְׁמוּעָה (H8052)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שְׁמוּעָה (H8052) 'bruit'.
ט֝וֹבָ֗הgoodAdj · טוֹב (H2896)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)טוֹב (H2896) 'good'.
מֵאֶ֥רֶץfrom the land ofprep + N com c sg constr · אֶרֶץ (H776)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֶרֶץ (H776) 'from the land of'.
מֶרְחָֽק(a-N c · מֶרְחָק (H4801)Construct chain (genitival)מֶרְחָק (H4801) '(a-'.
26

מַעְיָ֣ן נִ֭רְפָּשׂ וּמָק֣וֹר מָשְׁחָ֑ת צַ֝דִּ֗יק מָ֣ט לִפְנֵֽי רָשָֽׁע

A righteous man falling down before the wicked a troubled fountain, and a corrupt spring.

Participle — attendant circumstance or substantival actorasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Participle — attendant circumstance or substantival actor. Lead predicate is 'to destroy'.
Word-by-word analysis· 8 words
מַעְיָ֣ןthe spring ofN c · מַעְיָן (H4599)Construct chain (genitival)מַעְיָן (H4599) 'the spring of'.
נִ֭רְפָּשׂandN · רָפַשׂ (H7515)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)רָפַשׂ (H7515) 'and'.
וּמָק֣וֹרthe flow ofconj וְ + N com m sg abs · מָקוֹר (H4726)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מָקוֹר (H4726) 'the flow of'.
מָשְׁחָ֑תto destroyHophal ptc ms · שָׁחַת (H7843)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorשָׁחַת (H7843) 'to destroy'.
צַ֝דִּ֗יקrighteousAdj · צַדִּיק (H6662)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)צַדִּיק (H6662) 'righteous'.
מָ֣טshall slipQal ptc ms · מוֹט (H4131)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorמוֹט (H4131) 'shall slip'.
לִפְנֵֽיbeforeprep + N com c pl constr · פָּנִים (H6440)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)פָּנִים (H6440) 'before'.
רָשָֽׁעthe wickedAdj · רָשָׁע (H7563)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)רָשָׁע (H7563) 'the wicked'.
27

אָ֘כֹ֤ל דְּבַ֣שׁ הַרְבּ֣וֹת לֹא ט֑וֹב וְחֵ֖קֶר כְּבֹדָ֣ם כָּבֽוֹד

not good to eat much honey: so to search their own glory glory.

Infinitive absolute — emphasis or attendant actionasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Infinitive absolute — emphasis or attendant action. Lead predicate is 'eats'.
Word-by-word analysis· 8 words
אָ֘כֹ֤לeatsQal inf abs · אָכַל (H398)Infinitive absolute→ Infinitive absolute: emphasis or attendant actionאָכַל (H398) 'eats'.
דְּבַ֣שׁhoneyN c · דְּבַשׁ (H1706)Construct chain (genitival)דְּבַשׁ (H1706) 'honey'.
הַרְבּ֣וֹתto multiplyHiphil inf constr · רָבָה (H7235)Infinitive construct→ Infinitive construct: purpose, result, or complementרָבָה (H7235) 'to multiply'.
לֹאnotneg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'not'.
ט֑וֹבgoodAdj · טוֹב (H2896)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)טוֹב (H2896) 'good'.
וְחֵ֖קֶרsearchings ofconj וְ + N com m sg constr · חֵקֶר (H2714)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)חֵקֶר (H2714) 'searchings of'.
כְּבֹדָ֣םthe glory ofN c · כָּבוֹד (H3519)Construct chain (genitival)כָּבוֹד (H3519) 'the glory of'.
כָּבֽוֹדthe glory ofN c · כָּבוֹד (H3519)Construct chain (genitival)כָּבוֹד (H3519) 'the glory of'.
28

עִ֣יר פְּ֭רוּצָה אֵ֣ין חוֹמָ֑ה אִ֝֗ישׁ אֲשֶׁ֤ר אֵ֖ין מַעְצָ֣ר לְרוּחֽוֹ

He that no rule over his own spirit a city broken down, without walls.

Participle — attendant circumstance or substantival actorasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Participle — attendant circumstance or substantival actor. Lead predicate is 'he break out'. Closes the chapter.
Word-by-word analysis· 9 words
עִ֣ירthe city ofN c · עִיר (H5892)Construct chain (genitival)עִיר (H5892) 'the city of'.
פְּ֭רוּצָהhe break outQal ptc fs · פָּרַץ (H6555)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorפָּרַץ (H6555) 'he break out'.
אֵ֣יןthere is notneg. · אַיִן (H369)Particle or relational elementאַיִן (H369) 'there is not'.
חוֹמָ֑הwith a wallN c · חוֹמָה (H2346)Construct chain (genitival)חוֹמָה (H2346) 'with a wall'.
אִ֝֗ישׁa manN c · אִישׁ (H376)Construct chain (genitival)אִישׁ (H376) 'a man'.
אֲשֶׁ֤רthatrel. שֶׁ · אֲשֶׁר (H834)Particle or relational elementאֲשֶׁר (H834) 'that'.
אֵ֖יןthere is notneg. · אַיִן (H369)Particle or relational elementאַיִן (H369) 'there is not'.
מַעְצָ֣רruleN c · מַעְצָר (H4623)Construct chain (genitival)מַעְצָר (H4623) 'rule'.
לְרוּחֽוֹa spirit ofprep + N com c sg constr + sfx 3ms · רוּחַ (H7307)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)רוּחַ (H7307) 'a spirit of'.