1
לְֽ֭תַאֲוָה יְבַקֵּ֣שׁ נִפְרָ֑ד בְּכָל תּ֝וּשִׁיָּ֗ה יִתְגַּלָּֽע
Through desire a man, having separated himself, seeketh intermeddleth with all wisdom.
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'let him require'. Opens the chapter.
Word-by-word analysis· 6 words
לְֽ֭תַאֲוָהa delightprep + N com f sg abs · תַּאֲוָה (H8378)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)תַּאֲוָה (H8378) 'a delight'.
יְבַקֵּ֣שׁlet him requirePiel impf 3ms · בִּקֵּשׁ (H1245)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalבִּקֵּשׁ (H1245) 'let him require'.
נִפְרָ֑דhad separatedN · פָּרַד (H6504)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)פָּרַד (H6504) 'had separated'.
בְּכָלin allprep + N com m sg constr · כֹּל (H3605)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)כֹּל (H3605) 'in all'.
תּ֝וּשִׁיָּ֗הenterpriseN c · תּוּשִׁיָּה (H8454)Construct chain (genitival)תּוּשִׁיָּה (H8454) 'enterprise'.
יִתְגַּלָּֽעbe obstinateHithpael impf 3ms · גָּלַע (H1566)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalגָּלַע (H1566) 'be obstinate'.
2
לֹֽא יַחְפֹּ֣ץ כְּ֭סִיל בִּתְבוּנָ֑ה כִּ֝֗י אִֽם בְּהִתְגַּלּ֥וֹת לִבּֽוֹ
A fool has no delight in understanding, but that his heart may discover itself.
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'he desires'.
Word-by-word analysis· 8 words
לֹֽאnotneg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'not'.
יַחְפֹּ֣ץhe desiresQal impf 3ms · חָפֵץ (H2654)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalחָפֵץ (H2654) 'he desires'.
כְּ֭סִילfoolAdj · כְּסִיל (H3684)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)כְּסִיל (H3684) 'fool'.
בִּתְבוּנָ֑הwith understandingprep + N com f sg abs · תְּבוּנָה (H8394)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)תְּבוּנָה (H8394) 'with understanding'.
כִּ֝֗יforconj וְ · כִּי (H3588)Particle or relational elementכִּי (H3588) 'for'.
אִֽםifconj וְ · אִם (H518)Particle or relational elementאִם (H518) 'if'.
בְּהִתְגַּלּ֥וֹתshall you uncoverprep + Hithpael inf constr · גָּלָה (H1540)Infinitive construct→ Infinitive construct: purpose, result, or complementגָּלָה (H1540) 'shall you uncover'.
לִבּֽוֹhis heartN c · לֵב (H3820)Construct chain (genitival)לֵב (H3820) 'his heart'.
3
בְּֽבוֹא רָ֭שָׁע בָּ֣א גַם בּ֑וּז וְֽעִם קָל֥וֹן חֶרְפָּֽה
When the wicked cometh, cometh also contempt, and with ignominy reproach.
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Infinitive construct — purpose, result, or complement. Lead predicate is 'when comes'.
Word-by-word analysis· 8 words
בְּֽבוֹאwhen comesprep + Qal inf constr · בּוֹא (H935)Infinitive construct→ Infinitive construct: purpose, result, or complementבּוֹא (H935) 'when comes'.
רָ֭שָׁעthe wickedAdj · רָשָׁע (H7563)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)רָשָׁע (H7563) 'the wicked'.
בָּ֣אcameQal perf 3ms · בּוֹא (H935)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actבּוֹא (H935) 'came'.
גַםalsoart · גַּם (H1571)Particle or relational elementגַּם (H1571) 'also'.
בּ֑וּזa laughingstockN c · בּוּז (H937)Construct chain (genitival)בּוּז (H937) 'a laughingstock'.
וְֽעִםand withconj וְ + prep · עִם (H5973)Particle or relational elementעִם (H5973) 'and with'.
קָל֥וֹןconfusionN c · קָלוֹן (H7036)Construct chain (genitival)קָלוֹן (H7036) 'confusion'.
חֶרְפָּֽהa reproachN c · חֶרְפָּה (H2781)Construct chain (genitival)חֶרְפָּה (H2781) 'a reproach'.
4
מַ֣יִם עֲ֭מֻקִּים דִּבְרֵ֣י פִי אִ֑ישׁ נַ֥חַל נֹ֝בֵ֗עַ מְק֣וֹר חָכְמָֽה
The words of a man's mouth deep waters, the wellspring of wisdom a flowing brook.
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Participle — attendant circumstance or substantival actor. Lead predicate is 'belch out'.
Word-by-word analysis· 9 words
מַ֣יִםwaterN c · מַיִם (H4325)Construct chain (genitival)מַיִם (H4325) 'water'.
עֲ֭מֻקִּיםdeeperAdj · עָמֹק (H6013)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עָמֹק (H6013) 'deeper'.
דִּבְרֵ֣יthe words ofN c · דָּבָר (H1697)Construct chain (genitival)דָּבָר (H1697) 'the words of'.
פִיthe mouth ofN c · פֶּה (H6310)Construct chain (genitival)פֶּה (H6310) 'the mouth of'.
אִ֑ישׁa manN c · אִישׁ (H376)Construct chain (genitival)אִישׁ (H376) 'a man'.
נַ֥חַלthe brook ofN c · נַחַל (H5158)Construct chain (genitival)נַחַל (H5158) 'the brook of'.
נֹ֝בֵ֗עַbelch outQal ptc ms · נָבַע (H5042)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorנָבַע (H5042) 'belch out'.
מְק֣וֹרthe flow ofN c · מָקוֹר (H4726)Construct chain (genitival)מָקוֹר (H4726) 'the flow of'.
חָכְמָֽהwisdomN c · חָכְמָה (H2451)Construct chain (genitival)חָכְמָה (H2451) 'wisdom'.
5
שְׂאֵ֣ת פְּנֵי רָשָׁ֣ע לֹא ט֑וֹב לְהַטּ֥וֹת צַ֝דִּ֗יק בַּמִּשְׁפָּֽט
not good to accept the person of the wicked, to overthrow the righteous in judgment.
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Infinitive construct — purpose, result, or complement. Lead predicate is 'to bear'.
Word-by-word analysis· 8 words
שְׂאֵ֣תto bearQal inf constr · נָשָׂא (H5375)Infinitive construct→ Infinitive construct: purpose, result, or complementנָשָׂא (H5375) 'to bear'.
פְּנֵיthe face ofN c · פָּנִים (H6440)Construct chain (genitival)פָּנִים (H6440) 'the face of'.
רָשָׁ֣עthe wickedAdj · רָשָׁע (H7563)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)רָשָׁע (H7563) 'the wicked'.
לֹאnotneg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'not'.
ט֑וֹבgoodAdj · טוֹב (H2896)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)טוֹב (H2896) 'good'.
לְהַטּ֥וֹתstretch outprep + Hiphil inf constr · נָטָה (H5186)Infinitive construct→ Infinitive construct: purpose, result, or complementנָטָה (H5186) 'stretch out'.
צַ֝דִּ֗יקrighteousAdj · צַדִּיק (H6662)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)צַדִּיק (H6662) 'righteous'.
בַּמִּשְׁפָּֽטin judgmentprep + art + N com m sg abs · מִשְׁפָּט (H4941)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מִשְׁפָּט (H4941) 'in judgment'.
6
שִׂפְתֵ֣י כְ֭סִיל יָבֹ֣אֽוּ בְרִ֑יב וּ֝פִ֗יו לְֽמַהֲלֻמ֥וֹת יִקְרָֽא
A fool's lips enter into contention, and his mouth calleth for strokes.
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'shall go in'. Speech formula or quoted address.
Word-by-word analysis· 7 words
שִׂפְתֵ֣יthe edge ofN c · שָׂפָה (H8193)Construct chain (genitival)שָׂפָה (H8193) 'the edge of'.
כְ֭סִילfoolAdj · כְּסִיל (H3684)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)כְּסִיל (H3684) 'fool'.
יָבֹ֣אֽוּshall go inQal impf 3mp · בּוֹא (H935)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalבּוֹא (H935) 'shall go in'.
בְרִ֑יבdisputeprep + N com c sg abs · רִיב (H7379)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)רִיב (H7379) 'dispute'.
וּ֝פִ֗יוthe mouth ofconj וְ + N com m sg constr + sfx 3ms · פֶּה (H6310)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)פֶּה (H6310) 'the mouth of'.
לְֽמַהֲלֻמ֥וֹתtoprep + N com f pl abs · מַהֲלֻמָּה (H4112)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מַהֲלֻמָּה (H4112) 'to'.
יִקְרָֽאshall be calledQal impf 3ms · קָרָא (H7121)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalקָרָא (H7121) 'shall be called'.
7
פִּֽי כְ֭סִיל מְחִתָּה ל֑וֹ וּ֝שְׂפָתָ֗יו מוֹקֵ֥שׁ נַפְשֽׁוֹ
A fool's mouth his destruction, and his lips the snare of his soul.
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Nominal or particle frame.
Word-by-word analysis· 7 words
פִּֽיthe mouth ofN c · פֶּה (H6310)Construct chain (genitival)פֶּה (H6310) 'the mouth of'.
כְ֭סִילfoolAdj · כְּסִיל (H3684)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)כְּסִיל (H3684) 'fool'.
מְחִתָּהandN c · מְחִתָּה (H4288)Construct chain (genitival)מְחִתָּה (H4288) 'and'.
ל֑וֹto himprep + sfx 3msParticle or relational elementFunction word: 'to him'.
וּ֝שְׂפָתָ֗יוthe edge ofconj וְ + N com f du constr + sfx 3ms · שָׂפָה (H8193)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שָׂפָה (H8193) 'the edge of'.
מוֹקֵ֥שׁa snareN c · מוֹקֵשׁ (H4170)Construct chain (genitival)מוֹקֵשׁ (H4170) 'a snare'.
נַפְשֽׁוֹhis soulN c · נֶפֶשׁ (H5315)Construct chain (genitival)נֶפֶשׁ (H5315) 'his soul'.
8
דִּבְרֵ֣י נִ֭רְגָּן כְּמִֽתְלַהֲמִ֑ים וְ֝הֵ֗ם יָרְד֥וּ חַדְרֵי בָֽטֶן
The words of a talebearer as wounds, and they go down into the innermost parts of the belly.
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Participle — attendant circumstance or substantival actor. Lead predicate is 'as / like'.
Word-by-word analysis· 7 words
דִּבְרֵ֣יthe words ofN c · דָּבָר (H1697)Construct chain (genitival)דָּבָר (H1697) 'the words of'.
נִ֭רְגָּןtalebearerN · נִרְגָּן (H5372)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)נִרְגָּן (H5372) 'talebearer'.
כְּמִֽתְלַהֲמִ֑יםas / likeprep + Hithpael ptc mp · לָהַם (H3859)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorלָהַם (H3859) 'as / like'.
וְ֝הֵ֗םand theyconj וְ + pron 3mp · הֵמָּה (H1992)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)הֵמָּה (H1992) 'and they'.
יָרְד֥וּwent downQal perf 3cp · יָרַד (H3381)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actיָרַד (H3381) 'went down'.
חַדְרֵיin the chamber ofN c · חֶדֶר (H2315)Construct chain (genitival)חֶדֶר (H2315) 'in the chamber of'.
בָֽטֶןof the wombN c · בֶּטֶן (H990)Construct chain (genitival)בֶּטֶן (H990) 'of the womb'.
9
גַּ֭ם מִתְרַפֶּ֣ה בִמְלַאכְתּ֑וֹ אָ֥ח ה֝֗וּא לְבַ֣עַל מַשְׁחִֽית
He also that is slothful in his work is brother to him that is a great waster.
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Participle — attendant circumstance or substantival actor. Lead predicate is 'idle'.
Word-by-word analysis· 7 words
גַּ֭םalsoparticle · גַּם (H1571)Particle or relational elementגַּם (H1571) 'also'.
מִתְרַפֶּ֣הidleHithpael ptc ms · רָפָה (H7503)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorרָפָה (H7503) 'idle'.
בִמְלַאכְתּ֑וֹworkprep + N com f sg constr + sfx 3ms · מְלָאכָה (H4399)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מְלָאכָה (H4399) 'work'.
אָ֥חa brotherN c · אָח (H251)Construct chain (genitival)אָח (H251) 'a brother'.
ה֝֗וּאhepron 3ms · הִיא (H1931)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)הִיא (H1931) 'he'.
לְבַ֣עַלthe lords ofprep + N com m sg constr · בַּעַל (H1167)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)בַּעַל (H1167) 'the lords of'.
מַשְׁחִֽיתdestroyingN c · שָׁחַת (H7843)Construct chain (genitival)שָׁחַת (H7843) 'destroying'.
10
מִגְדַּל עֹ֭ז שֵׁ֣ם יְהוָ֑ה בּֽוֹ יָר֖וּץ צַדִּ֣יק וְנִשְׂגָּֽב
The name of YHWH a strong tower: the righteous runneth into it, and is safe.
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'and he ran'.
Word-by-word analysis· 8 words
מִגְדַּלand a towerN c · מִגְדָּל (H4026)Construct chain (genitival)מִגְדָּל (H4026) 'and a tower'.
עֹ֭זstrengthN c · עֹז (H5797)Construct chain (genitival)עֹז (H5797) 'strength'.
שֵׁ֣םthe name ofN c · שֵׁם (H8034)Construct chain (genitival)שֵׁם (H8034) 'the name of'.
יְהוָ֑הYHWHN · יְהוָה (H3068)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוָה (H3068) 'YHWH'.
בּֽוֹin itprep + sfx 3msParticle or relational elementFunction word: 'in it'.
יָר֖וּץand he ranQal impf 3ms · רוּץ (H7323)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalרוּץ (H7323) 'and he ran'.
צַדִּ֣יקrighteousAdj · צַדִּיק (H6662)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)צַדִּיק (H6662) 'righteous'.
וְנִשְׂגָּֽבwas too highconj וְ + Niphal q 3ms · שָׂגַב (H7682)Particle or relational elementשָׂגַב (H7682) 'was too high'.
11
ה֣וֹן עָ֭שִׁיר קִרְיַ֣ת עֻזּ֑וֹ וּכְחוֹמָ֥ה נִ֝שְׂגָּבָ֗ה בְּמַשְׂכִּיתֽוֹ
The rich man's wealth his strong city, and as an high wall in his own conceit.
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Nominal or particle frame.
Word-by-word analysis· 7 words
ה֣וֹןenoughN c · הוֹן (H1952)Construct chain (genitival)הוֹן (H1952) 'enough'.
עָ֭שִׁירthe rich (one)Adj · עָשִׁיר (H6223)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עָשִׁיר (H6223) 'the rich (one)'.
קִרְיַ֣תa cityN c · קִרְיָה (H7151)Construct chain (genitival)קִרְיָה (H7151) 'a city'.
עֻזּ֑וֹstrengthN c · עֹז (H5797)Construct chain (genitival)עֹז (H5797) 'strength'.
וּכְחוֹמָ֥הthe city-wallconj וְ + prep + N com f sg abs · חוֹמָה (H2346)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)חוֹמָה (H2346) 'the city-wall'.
נִ֝שְׂגָּבָ֗הwas too highN · שָׂגַב (H7682)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שָׂגַב (H7682) 'was too high'.
בְּמַשְׂכִּיתֽוֹfigured, carvedprep + N com f sg constr + sfx 3ms · מַשְׂכִּית (H4906)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מַשְׂכִּית (H4906) 'figured, carved'.
12
לִפְנֵי שֶׁ֭בֶר יִגְבַּ֣הּ לֵב אִ֑ישׁ וְלִפְנֵ֖י כָב֣וֹד עֲנָוָֽה
Before destruction the heart of man is haughty, and before honour humility.
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented.
Word-by-word analysis· 8 words
לִפְנֵיbeforeprep + N com c pl constr · פָּנִים (H6440)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)פָּנִים (H6440) 'before'.
שֶׁ֭בֶרa fracture ofN c · שֶׁבֶר (H7667)Construct chain (genitival)שֶׁבֶר (H7667) 'a fracture of'.
יִגְבַּ֣הּandQal impf 3ms · גָּבַהּ (H1361)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalגָּבַהּ (H1361) 'and'.
לֵבthe heart ofN c · לֵב (H3820)Construct chain (genitival)לֵב (H3820) 'the heart of'.
אִ֑ישׁa manN c · אִישׁ (H376)Construct chain (genitival)אִישׁ (H376) 'a man'.
וְלִפְנֵ֖יand beforeconj וְ + prep + N com c pl constr · פָּנִים (H6440)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)פָּנִים (H6440) 'and before'.
כָב֣וֹדthe glory ofN c · כָּבוֹד (H3519)Construct chain (genitival)כָּבוֹד (H3519) 'the glory of'.
עֲנָוָֽהgentlenessN c · עֲנָוָה (H6038)Construct chain (genitival)עֲנָוָה (H6038) 'gentleness'.
13
מֵשִׁ֣יב דָּ֭בָר בְּטֶ֣רֶם יִשְׁמָ֑ע אִוֶּ֥לֶת הִיא ל֝֗וֹ וּכְלִמָּֽה
He that answereth a matter before he heareth , it folly and shame to him.
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Participle — attendant circumstance or substantival actor. Lead predicate is 'returning [her]'.
Word-by-word analysis· 8 words
מֵשִׁ֣יבreturning [her]Hiphil ptc ms · שׁוּב (H7725)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorשׁוּב (H7725) 'returning [her]'.
דָּ֭בָרthe matter ofN c · דָּבָר (H1697)Construct chain (genitival)דָּבָר (H1697) 'the matter of'.
בְּטֶ֣רֶםbeforeprep + art · טֶרֶם (H2962)Particle or relational elementטֶרֶם (H2962) 'before'.
יִשְׁמָ֑עwill listen/obeyQal impf 3ms · שָׁמַע (H8085)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalשָׁמַע (H8085) 'will listen/obey'.
אִוֶּ֥לֶתfollyN c · אִוֶּלֶת (H200)Construct chain (genitival)אִוֶּלֶת (H200) 'folly'.
הִיאthat ispron 3fs · הִיא (H1931)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)הִיא (H1931) 'that is'.
ל֝֗וֹto himprep + sfx 3msParticle or relational elementFunction word: 'to him'.
וּכְלִמָּֽהandconj וְ + N com f sg abs · כְּלִמָּה (H3639)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)כְּלִמָּה (H3639) 'and'.
14
רֽוּחַ אִ֭ישׁ יְכַלְכֵּ֣ל מַחֲלֵ֑הוּ וְר֥וּחַ נְ֝כֵאָ֗ה מִ֣י יִשָּׂאֶֽנָּה
The spirit of a man will sustain his infirmity; but a wounded spirit who can bear?
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'and I will provide'.
Word-by-word analysis· 8 words
רֽוּחַa spirit ofN c · רוּחַ (H7307)Construct chain (genitival)רוּחַ (H7307) 'a spirit of'.
אִ֭ישׁa manN c · אִישׁ (H376)Construct chain (genitival)אִישׁ (H376) 'a man'.
יְכַלְכֵּ֣לand I will providel impf 3ms · כּוּל (H3557)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalכּוּל (H3557) 'and I will provide'.
מַחֲלֵ֑הוּsicknessN c · מַחֲלָה (H4245)Construct chain (genitival)מַחֲלָה (H4245) 'sickness'.
וְר֥וּחַand the wind ofconj וְ + N com c sg abs · רוּחַ (H7307)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)רוּחַ (H7307) 'and the wind of'.
נְ֝כֵאָ֗הbrokenAdj · נָכֵא (H5218)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)נָכֵא (H5218) 'broken'.
מִ֣יwhointerrog. · מִי (H4310)Particle or relational elementמִי (H4310) 'who'.
יִשָּׂאֶֽנָּהlifts upQal impf 3ms + sfx 3fs · נָשָׂא (H5375)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalנָשָׂא (H5375) 'lifts up'.
15
לֵ֣ב נָ֭בוֹן יִקְנֶה דָּ֑עַת וְאֹ֥זֶן חֲ֝כָמִ֗ים תְּבַקֶּשׁ דָּֽעַת
The heart of the prudent getteth knowledge; and the ear of the wise seeketh knowledge.
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'buys'.
Word-by-word analysis· 8 words
לֵ֣בthe heart ofN c · לֵב (H3820)Construct chain (genitival)לֵב (H3820) 'the heart of'.
נָ֭בוֹןdiscerningN · בִּין (H995)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)בִּין (H995) 'discerning'.
יִקְנֶהbuysQal impf 3ms · קָנָה (H7069)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalקָנָה (H7069) 'buys'.
דָּ֑עַתknowledgeN c · דַּעַת (H1847)Construct chain (genitival)דַּעַת (H1847) 'knowledge'.
וְאֹ֥זֶןin the ears ofconj וְ + N com f sg constr · אֹזֶן (H241)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֹזֶן (H241) 'in the ears of'.
חֲ֝כָמִ֗יםwiseAdj · חָכָם (H2450)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)חָכָם (H2450) 'wise'.
תְּבַקֶּשׁare you seekingPiel impf 3fs · בִּקֵּשׁ (H1245)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalבִּקֵּשׁ (H1245) 'are you seeking'.
דָּֽעַתknowledgeN c · דַּעַת (H1847)Construct chain (genitival)דַּעַת (H1847) 'knowledge'.
16
מַתָּ֣ן אָ֭דָם יַרְחִ֣יב ל֑וֹ וְלִפְנֵ֖י גְדֹלִ֣ים יַנְחֶֽנּוּ
A man's gift maketh room for him, and bringeth him before great men.
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'he enlarges'.
Word-by-word analysis· 7 words
מַתָּ֣ןand giftN c · מַתָּן (H4976)Construct chain (genitival)מַתָּן (H4976) 'and gift'.
אָ֭דָםmanN c · אָדָם (H120)Construct chain (genitival)אָדָם (H120) 'man'.
יַרְחִ֣יבhe enlargesHiphil impf 3ms · רָחַב (H7337)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalרָחַב (H7337) 'he enlarges'.
ל֑וֹto himprep + sfx 3msParticle or relational elementFunction word: 'to him'.
וְלִפְנֵ֖יand beforeconj וְ + prep + N com c pl constr · פָּנִים (H6440)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)פָּנִים (H6440) 'and before'.
גְדֹלִ֣יםgreatAdj · גָּדוֹל (H1419)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)גָּדוֹל (H1419) 'great'.
יַנְחֶֽנּוּled himHiphil impf 3ms + sfx 3ms · נָחָה (H5148)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalנָחָה (H5148) 'led him'.
17
צַדִּ֣יק הָרִאשׁ֣וֹן בְּרִיב֑וֹ יבא וּבָֽא רֵ֝עֵ֗הוּ וַחֲקָרֽוֹ
first in his own cause just; but his neighbour cometh and searcheth him.
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'shall enter'.
Word-by-word analysis· 7 words
צַדִּ֣יקrighteousAdj · צַדִּיק (H6662)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)צַדִּיק (H6662) 'righteous'.
הָרִאשׁ֣וֹןthe firstart + Adj · רִאשׁוֹן (H7223)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)רִאשׁוֹן (H7223) 'the first'.
בְּרִיב֑וֹin his disputeprep + N com c sg constr + sfx 3ms · רִיב (H7379)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)רִיב (H7379) 'in his dispute'.
יבאshall enterQal impf 3ms · בּוֹא (H935)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalבּוֹא (H935) 'shall enter'.
וּבָֽאand he shall comeconj וְ + Qal q 3ms · בּוֹא (H935)Particle or relational elementבּוֹא (H935) 'and he shall come'.
רֵ֝עֵ֗הוּhis neighborN c · רֵעַ (H7453)Construct chain (genitival)רֵעַ (H7453) 'his neighbor'.
וַחֲקָרֽוֹand searchconj וְ + Qal perf 3ms + sfx 3ms · חָקַר (H2713)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actחָקַר (H2713) 'and search'.
18
מִ֭דְיָנִים יַשְׁבִּ֣ית הַגּוֹרָ֑ל וּבֵ֖ין עֲצוּמִ֣ים יַפְרִֽיד
The lot causeth contentions to cease, and parteth between the mighty.
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'you shall rest'.
Word-by-word analysis· 6 words
מִ֭דְיָנִיםbrawlingN c · מִדְיָן (H4079)Construct chain (genitival)מִדְיָן (H4079) 'brawling'.
יַשְׁבִּ֣יתyou shall restHiphil impf 3ms · שָׁבַת (H7673)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalשָׁבַת (H7673) 'you shall rest'.
הַגּוֹרָ֑לthe lotart + N com m sg abs · גּוֹרָל (H1486)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)גּוֹרָל (H1486) 'the lot'.
וּבֵ֖יןand betweenconj וְ + prep · בֵּין (H996)Particle or relational elementבֵּין (H996) 'and between'.
עֲצוּמִ֣יםand mightyAdj · עָצוּם (H6099)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עָצוּם (H6099) 'and mighty'.
יַפְרִֽידwere separatedHiphil impf 3ms · פָּרַד (H6504)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalפָּרַד (H6504) 'were separated'.
19
אָ֗ח נִפְשָׁ֥ע מִקִּרְיַת עֹ֑ז ומדונים וּ֝מִדְיָנִ֗ים כִּבְרִ֥יחַ אַרְמֽוֹן
A brother offended than a strong city: and contentions like the bars of a castle.
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Nominal or particle frame.
Word-by-word analysis· 8 words
אָ֗חa brotherN c · אָח (H251)Construct chain (genitival)אָח (H251) 'a brother'.
נִפְשָׁ֥עandN · פָּשַׁע (H6586)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)פָּשַׁע (H6586) 'and'.
מִקִּרְיַתfrom the city ofprep + N com f sg constr · קִרְיָה (H7151)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)קִרְיָה (H7151) 'from the city of'.
עֹ֑זstrengthN c · עֹז (H5797)Construct chain (genitival)עֹז (H5797) 'strength'.
ומדוניםbrawlingconj וְ + N com m pl abs · מָדוֹן (H4066)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מָדוֹן (H4066) 'brawling'.
וּ֝מִדְיָנִ֗יםandconj וְ + N com m pl abs · מִדְיָן (H4079)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מִדְיָן (H4079) 'and'.
כִּבְרִ֥יחַbarsprep + N com m sg constr · בְּרִיחַ (H1280)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)בְּרִיחַ (H1280) 'bars'.
אַרְמֽוֹןcastleN c · אַרְמוֹן (H759)Construct chain (genitival)אַרְמוֹן (H759) 'castle'.
20
מִפְּרִ֣י פִי אִ֭ישׁ תִּשְׂבַּ֣ע בִּטְנ֑וֹ תְּבוּאַ֖ת שְׂפָתָ֣יו יִשְׂבָּֽע
A man's belly shall be satisfied with the fruit of his mouth; with the increase of his lips shall he be filled.
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'and be satisfied'.
Word-by-word analysis· 8 words
מִפְּרִ֣יsome of the fruit ofprep + N com m sg constr · פְּרִי (H6529)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)פְּרִי (H6529) 'some of the fruit of'.
פִיthe mouth ofN c · פֶּה (H6310)Construct chain (genitival)פֶּה (H6310) 'the mouth of'.
אִ֭ישׁa manN c · אִישׁ (H376)Construct chain (genitival)אִישׁ (H376) 'a man'.
תִּשְׂבַּ֣עand be satisfiedQal impf 3fs · שָׂבַע (H7646)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalשָׂבַע (H7646) 'and be satisfied'.
בִּטְנ֑וֹyour wombN c · בֶּטֶן (H990)Construct chain (genitival)בֶּטֶן (H990) 'your womb'.
תְּבוּאַ֖תproduce ofN c · תְּבוּאָה (H8393)Construct chain (genitival)תְּבוּאָה (H8393) 'produce of'.
שְׂפָתָ֣יוthe edge ofN c · שָׂפָה (H8193)Construct chain (genitival)שָׂפָה (H8193) 'the edge of'.
יִשְׂבָּֽעand be satisfiedQal impf 3ms · שָׂבַע (H7646)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalשָׂבַע (H7646) 'and be satisfied'.
21
מָ֣וֶת וְ֭חַיִּים בְּיַד לָשׁ֑וֹן וְ֝אֹהֲבֶ֗יהָ יֹאכַ֥ל פִּרְיָֽהּ
Death and life in the power of the tongue: and they that love it shall eat the fruit thereof.
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Participle — attendant circumstance or substantival actor. Lead predicate is 'to love'.
Word-by-word analysis· 7 words
מָ֣וֶתthe death ofN c · מָוֶת (H4194)Construct chain (genitival)מָוֶת (H4194) 'the death of'.
וְ֭חַיִּיםaliveconj וְ + N com m pl abs · חַי (H2416)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)חַי (H2416) 'alive'.
בְּיַדby the hand ofprep + N com c sg constr · יָד (H3027)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יָד (H3027) 'by the hand of'.
לָשׁ֑וֹןtongueN c · לָשׁוֹן (H3956)Construct chain (genitival)לָשׁוֹן (H3956) 'tongue'.
וְ֝אֹהֲבֶ֗יהָto loveconj וְ + Qal ptc mp + sfx 3fs · אָהַב (H157)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorאָהַב (H157) 'to love'.
יֹאכַ֥לshall eatQal impf 3ms · אָכַל (H398)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalאָכַל (H398) 'shall eat'.
פִּרְיָֽהּits fruitN c · פְּרִי (H6529)Construct chain (genitival)פְּרִי (H6529) 'its fruit'.
22
מָצָ֣א אִ֭שָּׁה מָ֣צָא ט֑וֹב וַיָּ֥פֶק רָ֝צ֗וֹן מֵיְהוָֽה
findeth a wife findeth a good , and obtaineth favour of YHWH.
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Qatal — perfective or stative predication. Lead predicate is 'he found'.
Word-by-word analysis· 7 words
מָצָ֣אhe foundQal perf 3ms · מָצָא (H4672)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actמָצָא (H4672) 'he found'.
אִ֭שָּׁהa womanN c · אִשָּׁה (H802)Construct chain (genitival)אִשָּׁה (H802) 'a woman'.
מָ֣צָאhe foundQal perf 3ms · מָצָא (H4672)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actמָצָא (H4672) 'he found'.
ט֑וֹבgoodAdj · טוֹב (H2896)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)טוֹב (H2896) 'good'.
וַיָּ֥פֶקandconj וְ + Hiphil wayyiqtol 3ms · פּוּק (H6329)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceפּוּק (H6329) 'and'.
רָ֝צ֗וֹןfavorN c · רָצוֹן (H7522)Construct chain (genitival)רָצוֹן (H7522) 'favor'.
מֵיְהוָֽהfrom YHWHprep + N proper · יְהוָה (H3068)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוָה (H3068) 'from YHWH'.
23
תַּחֲנוּנִ֥ים יְדַבֶּר רָ֑שׁ וְ֝עָשִׁ֗יר יַעֲנֶ֥ה עַזּֽוֹת
The poor useth intreaties; but the rich answereth roughly.
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'speaks'.
Word-by-word analysis· 6 words
תַּחֲנוּנִ֥יםintreatyN c · תַּחֲנוּן (H8469)Construct chain (genitival)תַּחֲנוּן (H8469) 'intreaty'.
יְדַבֶּרspeaksPiel impf 3ms · דִּבֶּר (H1696)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalדִּבֶּר (H1696) 'speaks'.
רָ֑שׁlackQal ptc ms · רוּשׁ (H7326)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorרוּשׁ (H7326) 'lack'.
וְ֝עָשִׁ֗ירthe rich (one)conj וְ + Adj · עָשִׁיר (H6223)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עָשִׁיר (H6223) 'the rich (one)'.
יַעֲנֶ֥הwill answerQal impf 3ms · עָנָה (H6030)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalעָנָה (H6030) 'will answer'.
עַזּֽוֹתstrongAdj · עַז (H5794)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עַז (H5794) 'strong'.
24
אִ֣ישׁ רֵ֭עִים לְהִתְרֹעֵ֑עַ וְיֵ֥שׁ אֹ֝הֵ֗ב דָּבֵ֥ק מֵאָֽח
A man friends must shew himself friendly: and there is a friend sticketh closer than a brother.
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Infinitive construct — purpose, result, or complement. Lead predicate is 'and it was displeasing'. Closes the chapter.
Word-by-word analysis· 7 words
אִ֣ישׁa manN c · אִישׁ (H376)Construct chain (genitival)אִישׁ (H376) 'a man'.
רֵ֭עִיםhis neighborN c · רֵעַ (H7453)Construct chain (genitival)רֵעַ (H7453) 'his neighbor'.
לְהִתְרֹעֵ֑עַand it was displeasingprep + Hithpolel inf constr · רָעַע (H7489)Infinitive construct→ Infinitive construct: purpose, result, or complementרָעַע (H7489) 'and it was displeasing'.
וְיֵ֥שׁand sometimesconj וְ + adv. · יֵשׁ (H3426)Particle or relational elementיֵשׁ (H3426) 'and sometimes'.
אֹ֝הֵ֗בlovedQal ptc ms · אָהַב (H157)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorאָהַב (H157) 'loved'.
דָּבֵ֥קthe ones who clingAdj · דָּבֵק (H1695)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)דָּבֵק (H1695) 'the ones who cling'.
מֵאָֽחhis brothersprep + N com m sg abs · אָח (H251)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אָח (H251) 'his brothers'.