Hebrew Text · Translation · Interlinear · Discourse Structure

The Book of Job, Chapter 41איוב 41

Each verse opens with the running Hebrew, an English translation, and a discourse note (its connective, relation, and role in the argument). Below follows the word-by-word breakdown in six tiers: gloss, case/state or parsing, syntax, semantic force, and a lexical note.

Case Nominative Genitive Dative Accusative Vocative Verb (no case) Indeclinable

Discourse notes head each verse: relation · connective · clause-flow. Indentation marks prominence — flush-left = main line of argument; indented = supporting / subordinate material.

Theme

Job 41 (26 verses in the MT) opens: Behold, the hope of him is in vain: shall not be cast down even at the sight of him? The middle of the chapter continues: In his neck remaineth strength, and sorrow is turned into joy before him. It closes: He beholdeth all high : he a king over all the children of pride.

Translation & textual notes

The Hebrew base text here follows the Masoretic Text in the Leningrad tradition as represented by the Westminster Leningrad Codex / MorphHB diplomatic stream imported from OSHB; distinctively copyrighted apparatus from BHS or BHQ is not reproduced. Job 41 comprises 26 verses in MT order. Movement I (vv. 1-6) — Behold, the hope of him is in vain: shall not be cast down even at the s. Behold, the hope of him is in vain: shall not be cast down even at the sight of him? None fierce that dare stir him up: who then is able to stand before me? Who has prevented me, that I should repay under the whole heaven is mine. I will not conceal his parts, nor his power, nor his comely proportion. Who can discover the face of his garment? who can come. Movement II (vv. 7-12) — scales pride, shut up together a close seal. scales pride, shut up together a close seal. One is so near to another, that no air can come between them. They are joined one to another, they stick together, that they cannot be sundered. By his neesings a light does shine, and his eyes like the eyelids of the morning. Out of his mouth go burning lamps, sparks of fire leap out. Out of his nostrils goeth. Movement III (vv. 13-18) — His breath kindleth coals, and a flame goeth out of his mouth. His breath kindleth coals, and a flame goeth out of his mouth. In his neck remaineth strength, and sorrow is turned into joy before him. The flakes of his flesh are joined together: they are firm in themselves; they cannot be moved. His heart is as firm as a stone; yea, as hard as a piece of the nether . When he raiseth up himself, the mighty are afraid: by. Movement IV (vv. 19-24) — He esteemeth iron as straw, brass as rotten wood. He esteemeth iron as straw, brass as rotten wood. The arrow cannot make him flee: slingstones are turned with him into stubble. Darts are counted as stubble: he laugheth at the shaking of a spear. Sharp stones under him: he spreadeth sharp pointed things upon the mire. He maketh the deep to boil like a pot: he maketh the sea like a pot of ointment. He. Movement V (vv. 25-26) — Upon earth there is not his like, who is made without fear. Upon earth there is not his like, who is made without fear. He beholdeth all high : he a king over all the children of pride. Where English printed Bibles divide verses differently, this annotation follows MT versification throughout.

1

הֵן תֹּחַלְתּ֥וֹ נִכְזָ֑בָה הֲגַ֖ם אֶל מַרְאָ֣יו יֻטָֽל

Behold, the hope of him is in vain: shall not be cast down even at the sight of him?

Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-orientedhinneh
Presentative hinneh, putting a new scene or surprise on stage. Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Opens the chapter.
Word-by-word analysis· 7 words
הֵןbeholdadv. · הֵן (H2005)Particle or relational elementהֵן (H2005) 'behold'.
תֹּחַלְתּ֥וֹhopeN c · תּוֹחֶלֶת (H8431)Construct chain (genitival)תּוֹחֶלֶת (H8431) 'hope'.
נִכְזָ֑בָהthat he should lieN · כָּזַב (H3576)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)כָּזַב (H3576) 'that he should lie'.
הֲגַ֖םindeed even hereinterrog. + art · גַּם (H1571)Particle or relational elementגַּם (H1571) 'indeed even here'.
אֶלtoprep · אֶל (H413)Particle or relational elementאֶל (H413) 'to'.
מַרְאָ֣יוappearanceN c · מַרְאֶה (H4758)Construct chain (genitival)מַרְאֶה (H4758) 'appearance'.
יֻטָֽלandHophal impf 3ms · טוּל (H2904)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalטוּל (H2904) 'and'.
2

לֹֽא אַ֭כְזָר כִּ֣י יְעוּרֶ֑נּוּ וּמִ֥י ה֝֗וּא לְפָנַ֥י יִתְיַצָּֽב

None fierce that dare stir him up: who then is able to stand before me?

Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-orientedasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'awake'.
Word-by-word analysis· 8 words
לֹֽאnotneg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'not'.
אַ֭כְזָרcruelAdj · אַכְזָר (H393)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אַכְזָר (H393) 'cruel'.
כִּ֣יforconj וְ · כִּי (H3588)Particle or relational elementכִּי (H3588) 'for'.
יְעוּרֶ֑נּוּawakeQal impf 3ms + sfx 3ms · עוּר (H5782)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalעוּר (H5782) 'awake'.
וּמִ֥יand whoconj וְ + interrog. · מִי (H4310)Particle or relational elementמִי (H4310) 'and who'.
ה֝֗וּאhepron 3ms · הִיא (H1931)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)הִיא (H1931) 'he'.
לְפָנַ֥יbeforeprep + N com c pl constr + sfx 1cs · פָּנִים (H6440)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)פָּנִים (H6440) 'before'.
יִתְיַצָּֽבshall standHithpael impf 3ms · הִתְיַצֵּב (H3320)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalהִתְיַצֵּב (H3320) 'shall stand'.
3

מִ֣י הִ֭קְדִּימַנִי וַאֲשַׁלֵּ֑ם תַּ֖חַת כָּל הַשָּׁמַ֣יִם לִי הֽוּא

Who has prevented me, that I should repay under the whole heaven is mine.

Qatal — perfective or stative predicationasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Qatal — perfective or stative predication. Lead predicate is 'they met'.
Word-by-word analysis· 8 words
מִ֣יwhointerrog. · מִי (H4310)Particle or relational elementמִי (H4310) 'who'.
הִ֭קְדִּימַנִיthey metHiphil perf 3ms + sfx 1cs · קָדַם (H6923)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actקָדַם (H6923) 'they met'.
וַאֲשַׁלֵּ֑םhe shall payconj וְ + Piel impf 1cs · שָׁלַם (H7999)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalשָׁלַם (H7999) 'he shall pay'.
תַּ֖חַתunderprep · תַּחַת (H8478)Particle or relational elementתַּחַת (H8478) 'under'.
כָּלallN c · כֹּל (H3605)Construct chain (genitival)כֹּל (H3605) 'all'.
הַשָּׁמַ֣יִםthe heavensart + N com m pl abs · שָׁמַיִם (H8064)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שָׁמַיִם (H8064) 'the heavens'.
לִיto meprep + sfx 1csParticle or relational elementFunction word: 'to me'.
הֽוּאhepron 3ms · הִיא (H1931)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)הִיא (H1931) 'he'.
4

לא לֽוֹ אַחֲרִ֥ישׁ בַּדָּ֑יו וּדְבַר גְּ֝בוּר֗וֹת וְחִ֣ין עֶרְכּֽוֹ

I will not conceal his parts, nor his power, nor his comely proportion.

Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-orientedasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'and is silent'.
Word-by-word analysis· 8 words
לאnotneg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'not'.
לֽוֹto himprep + sfx 3msParticle or relational elementFunction word: 'to him'.
אַחֲרִ֥ישׁand is silentHiphil impf 1cs · חָרַשׁ (H2790)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalחָרַשׁ (H2790) 'and is silent'.
בַּדָּ֑יוliarN c · בַּד (H907)Construct chain (genitival)בַּד (H907) 'liar'.
וּדְבַרand the word ofconj וְ + N com m sg constr · דָּבָר (H1697)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)דָּבָר (H1697) 'and the word of'.
גְּ֝בוּר֗וֹתand like your mighty actsN c · גְּבוּרָה (H1369)Construct chain (genitival)גְּבוּרָה (H1369) 'and like your mighty acts'.
וְחִ֣יןandconj וְ + N com m sg constr · חִין (H2433)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)חִין (H2433) 'and'.
עֶרְכּֽוֹits arrangementN c · עֵרֶךְ (H6187)Construct chain (genitival)עֵרֶךְ (H6187) 'its arrangement'.
5

מִֽי גִ֭לָּה פְּנֵ֣י לְבוּשׁ֑וֹ בְּכֶ֥פֶל רִ֝סְנ֗וֹ מִ֣י יָבֽוֹא

Who can discover the face of his garment? who can come with his double bridle?

Qatal — perfective or stative predicationasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Qatal — perfective or stative predication. Lead predicate is 'he has uncovered'.
Word-by-word analysis· 8 words
מִֽיwhointerrog. · מִי (H4310)Particle or relational elementמִי (H4310) 'who'.
גִ֭לָּהhe has uncoveredPiel perf 3ms · גָּלָה (H1540)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actגָּלָה (H1540) 'he has uncovered'.
פְּנֵ֣יthe face ofN c · פָּנִים (H6440)Construct chain (genitival)פָּנִים (H6440) 'the face of'.
לְבוּשׁ֑וֹhis garmentN c · לְבוּשׁ (H3830)Construct chain (genitival)לְבוּשׁ (H3830) 'his garment'.
בְּכֶ֥פֶלdoubleprep + N com m sg constr · כֶּפֶל (H3718)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)כֶּפֶל (H3718) 'double'.
רִ֝סְנ֗וֹandN c · רֶסֶן (H7448)Construct chain (genitival)רֶסֶן (H7448) 'and'.
מִ֣יwhointerrog. · מִי (H4310)Particle or relational elementמִי (H4310) 'who'.
יָבֽוֹאhe may comeQal impf 3ms · בּוֹא (H935)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalבּוֹא (H935) 'he may come'.
6

דַּלְתֵ֣י פָ֭נָיו מִ֣י פִתֵּ֑חַ סְבִיב֖וֹת שִׁנָּ֣יו אֵימָֽה

Who can open the doors of his face? his teeth terrible round about.

Qatal — perfective or stative predicationasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Qatal — perfective or stative predication. Lead predicate is 'surely (open)'.
Word-by-word analysis· 7 words
דַּלְתֵ֣יthe doorN c · דֶּלֶת (H1817)Construct chain (genitival)דֶּלֶת (H1817) 'the door'.
פָ֭נָיוhis faceN c · פָּנִים (H6440)Construct chain (genitival)פָּנִים (H6440) 'his face'.
מִ֣יwhointerrog. · מִי (H4310)Particle or relational elementמִי (H4310) 'who'.
פִתֵּ֑חַsurely (open)Piel perf 3ms · פָּתַח (H6605)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actפָּתַח (H6605) 'surely (open)'.
סְבִיב֖וֹתaroundN c · סָבִיב (H5439)Construct chain (genitival)סָבִיב (H5439) 'around'.
שִׁנָּ֣יוtoothN c · שֵׁן (H8127)Construct chain (genitival)שֵׁן (H8127) 'tooth'.
אֵימָֽהterrorN c · אֵימָה (H367)Construct chain (genitival)אֵימָה (H367) 'terror'.
7

גַּ֭אֲוָה אֲפִיקֵ֣י מָֽגִנִּ֑ים סָ֝ג֗וּר חוֹתָ֥ם צָֽר

scales pride, shut up together a close seal.

Participle — attendant circumstance or substantival actor
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Participle — attendant circumstance or substantival actor. Lead predicate is 'has shut'.
Word-by-word analysis· 6 words
גַּ֭אֲוָהand in his majestyN c · גַּאֲוָה (H1346)Construct chain (genitival)גַּאֲוָה (H1346) 'and in his majesty'.
אֲפִיקֵ֣יbrookN c · אָפִיק (H650)Construct chain (genitival)אָפִיק (H650) 'brook'.
מָֽגִנִּ֑יםthe shield ofN c · מָגֵן (H4043)Construct chain (genitival)מָגֵן (H4043) 'the shield of'.
סָ֝ג֗וּרhas shutQal ptc ms · סָגַר (H5462)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorסָגַר (H5462) 'has shut'.
חוֹתָ֥םa seal,N c · חֹתָם (H2368)Construct chain (genitival)חֹתָם (H2368) 'a seal,'.
צָֽרnarrowAdj · צַר (H6862)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)צַר (H6862) 'narrow'.
8

אֶחָ֣ד בְּאֶחָ֣ד יִגַּ֑שׁוּ וְ֝ר֗וּחַ לֹא יָב֥וֹא בֵֽינֵיהֶֽם

One is so near to another, that no air can come between them.

Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-orientedasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'shall approach'.
Word-by-word analysis· 7 words
אֶחָ֣דoneAdj · אֶחָד (H259)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֶחָד (H259) 'one'.
בְּאֶחָ֣דon the firstprep + Adj c · אֶחָד (H259)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֶחָד (H259) 'on the first'.
יִגַּ֑שׁוּshall approachQal impf 3mp · נָגַשׁ (H5066)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalנָגַשׁ (H5066) 'shall approach'.
וְ֝ר֗וּחַand the wind ofconj וְ + N com c sg abs · רוּחַ (H7307)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)רוּחַ (H7307) 'and the wind of'.
לֹאnotneg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'not'.
יָב֥וֹאhe may comeQal impf 3ms · בּוֹא (H935)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalבּוֹא (H935) 'he may come'.
בֵֽינֵיהֶֽםbetweenprep + sfx 3mp · בֵּין (H996)Particle or relational elementבֵּין (H996) 'between'.
9

אִישׁ בְּאָחִ֥יהוּ יְדֻבָּ֑קוּ יִ֝תְלַכְּד֗וּ וְלֹ֣א יִתְפָּרָֽדוּ

They are joined one to another, they stick together, that they cannot be sundered.

Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-orientedasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'shall cling'.
Word-by-word analysis· 6 words
אִישׁa manN c · אִישׁ (H376)Construct chain (genitival)אִישׁ (H376) 'a man'.
בְּאָחִ֥יהוּhis brothersprep + N com m sg constr + sfx 3ms · אָח (H251)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אָח (H251) 'his brothers'.
יְדֻבָּ֑קוּshall clingPual impf 3mp · דָּבַק (H1692)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalדָּבַק (H1692) 'shall cling'.
יִ֝תְלַכְּד֗וּand was takenHithpael impf 3mp · לָכַד (H3920)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalלָכַד (H3920) 'and was taken'.
וְלֹ֣אand notconj וְ + neg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'and not'.
יִתְפָּרָֽדוּwere separatedHithpael impf 3mp · פָּרַד (H6504)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalפָּרַד (H6504) 'were separated'.
10

עֲֽ֭טִישֹׁתָיו תָּ֣הֶל א֑וֹר וְ֝עֵינָ֗יו כְּעַפְעַפֵּי שָֽׁחַר

By his neesings a light does shine, and his eyes like the eyelids of the morning.

Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-orientedasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'and they praised'.
Word-by-word analysis· 6 words
עֲֽ֭טִישֹׁתָיוsneezingN c · עֲטִישָׁה (H5846)Construct chain (genitival)עֲטִישָׁה (H5846) 'sneezing'.
תָּ֣הֶלand they praisedHiphil impf 3fs · הָלַל (H1984)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalהָלַל (H1984) 'and they praised'.
א֑וֹרlightN c · אוֹר (H216)Construct chain (genitival)אוֹר (H216) 'light'.
וְ֝עֵינָ֗יוin the eyes ofconj וְ + N com c du constr + sfx 3ms · עַיִן (H5869)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עַיִן (H5869) 'in the eyes of'.
כְּעַפְעַפֵּיandprep + N com m du constr · עַפְעַף (H6079)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עַפְעַף (H6079) 'and'.
שָֽׁחַרthe dawnN c · שַׁחַר (H7837)Construct chain (genitival)שַׁחַר (H7837) 'the dawn'.
11

מִ֭פִּיו לַפִּידִ֣ים יַהֲלֹ֑כוּ כִּיד֥וֹדֵי אֵ֝֗שׁ יִתְמַלָּֽטוּ

Out of his mouth go burning lamps, sparks of fire leap out.

Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-orientedasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'went'.
Word-by-word analysis· 6 words
מִ֭פִּיוfrom his mouthprep + N com m sg constr + sfx 3ms · פֶּה (H6310)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)פֶּה (H6310) 'from his mouth'.
לַפִּידִ֣יםthe lightning flashes/torchesN c · לַפִּיד (H3940)Construct chain (genitival)לַפִּיד (H3940) 'the lightning flashes/torches'.
יַהֲלֹ֑כוּwentQal impf 3mp · הָלַךְ (H1980)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalהָלַךְ (H1980) 'went'.
כִּיד֥וֹדֵיsparkN c · כִידוֹד (H3590)Construct chain (genitival)כִידוֹד (H3590) 'spark'.
אֵ֝֗שׁfireN c · אֵשׁ (H784)Construct chain (genitival)אֵשׁ (H784) 'fire'.
יִתְמַלָּֽטוּand he escapedHithpael impf 3mp · מָלַט (H4422)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalמָלַט (H4422) 'and he escaped'.
12

מִ֭נְּחִירָיו יֵצֵ֣א עָשָׁ֑ן כְּד֖וּד נָפ֣וּחַ וְאַגְמֹֽן

Out of his nostrils goeth smoke, as of a seething pot or caldron.

Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-orientedasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'one going out (to)'.
Word-by-word analysis· 6 words
מִ֭נְּחִירָיוfromprep + N com m du constr + sfx 3ms · נְחִיר (H5156)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)נְחִיר (H5156) 'from'.
יֵצֵ֣אone going out (to)Qal impf 3ms · יָצָא (H3318)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalיָצָא (H3318) 'one going out (to)'.
עָשָׁ֑ןsmoke ofN c · עָשָׁן (H6227)Construct chain (genitival)עָשָׁן (H6227) 'smoke of'.
כְּד֖וּדinprep + N com m sg abs · דּוּד (H1731)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)דּוּד (H1731) 'in'.
נָפ֣וּחַbreathedQal ptc ms · נָפַח (H5301)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorנָפַח (H5301) 'breathed'.
וְאַגְמֹֽןandconj וְ + N com m sg abs · אַגְמוֹן (H100)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אַגְמוֹן (H100) 'and'.
13

נַ֭פְשׁוֹ גֶּחָלִ֣ים תְּלַהֵ֑ט וְ֝לַ֗הַב מִפִּ֥יו יֵצֵֽא

His breath kindleth coals, and a flame goeth out of his mouth.

Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-orientedasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'and it sets ablaze'.
Word-by-word analysis· 6 words
נַ֭פְשׁוֹhis soulN c · נֶפֶשׁ (H5315)Construct chain (genitival)נֶפֶשׁ (H5315) 'his soul'.
גֶּחָלִ֣יםcoals ofN c · גַּחֶלֶת (H1513)Construct chain (genitival)גַּחֶלֶת (H1513) 'coals of'.
תְּלַהֵ֑טand it sets ablazePiel impf 3fs · לָהַט (H3857)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalלָהַט (H3857) 'and it sets ablaze'.
וְ֝לַ֗הַבthe bladeconj וְ + N com m sg abs · לַהַב (H3851)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)לַהַב (H3851) 'the blade'.
מִפִּ֥יוfrom his mouthprep + N com m sg constr + sfx 3ms · פֶּה (H6310)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)פֶּה (H6310) 'from his mouth'.
יֵצֵֽאone going out (to)Qal impf 3ms · יָצָא (H3318)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalיָצָא (H3318) 'one going out (to)'.
14

בְּֽ֭צַוָּארוֹ יָלִ֣ין עֹ֑ז וּ֝לְפָנָ֗יו תָּד֥וּץ דְּאָבָֽה

In his neck remaineth strength, and sorrow is turned into joy before him.

Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-orientedasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'shall remain overnight'.
Word-by-word analysis· 6 words
בְּֽ֭צַוָּארוֹhis neckprep + N com m sg constr + sfx 3ms · צַוָּאר (H6677)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)צַוָּאר (H6677) 'his neck'.
יָלִ֣יןshall remain overnightQal impf 3ms · לוּן (H3885)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalלוּן (H3885) 'shall remain overnight'.
עֹ֑זstrengthN c · עֹז (H5797)Construct chain (genitival)עֹז (H5797) 'strength'.
וּ֝לְפָנָ֗יוbeforeconj וְ + prep + N com c pl constr + sfx 3ms · פָּנִים (H6440)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)פָּנִים (H6440) 'before'.
תָּד֥וּץbe turnedQal impf 3fs · דּוּץ (H1750)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalדּוּץ (H1750) 'be turned'.
דְּאָבָֽהsorrowN c · דְּאָבָה (H1670)Construct chain (genitival)דְּאָבָה (H1670) 'sorrow'.
15

מַפְּלֵ֣י בְשָׂר֣וֹ דָבֵ֑קוּ יָצ֥וּק עָ֝לָ֗יו בַּל יִמּֽוֹט

The flakes of his flesh are joined together: they are firm in themselves; they cannot be moved.

Qatal — perfective or stative predication
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Qatal — perfective or stative predication. Lead predicate is 'you shall cling'.
Word-by-word analysis· 7 words
מַפְּלֵ֣יandN c · מַפָּל (H4651)Construct chain (genitival)מַפָּל (H4651) 'and'.
בְשָׂר֣וֹhis bodyN c · בָּשָׂר (H1320)Construct chain (genitival)בָּשָׂר (H1320) 'his body'.
דָבֵ֑קוּyou shall clingQal perf 3cp · דָּבַק (H1692)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actדָּבַק (H1692) 'you shall cling'.
יָצ֥וּקand he castQal ptc ms · יָצַק (H3332)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorיָצַק (H3332) 'and he cast'.
עָ֝לָ֗יוon itprep + sfx 3ms · עַל (H5921)Particle or relational elementעַל (H5921) 'on it'.
בַּלnotneg. · בַּל (H1077)Particle or relational elementבַּל (H1077) 'not'.
יִמּֽוֹטshall slipN · מוֹט (H4131)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מוֹט (H4131) 'shall slip'.
16

לִ֭בּוֹ יָצ֣וּק כְּמוֹ אָ֑בֶן וְ֝יָצ֗וּק כְּפֶ֣לַח תַּחְתִּֽית

His heart is as firm as a stone; yea, as hard as a piece of the nether .

Participle — attendant circumstance or substantival actorasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Participle — attendant circumstance or substantival actor. Lead predicate is 'and he cast'.
Word-by-word analysis· 7 words
לִ֭בּוֹhis heartN c · לֵב (H3820)Construct chain (genitival)לֵב (H3820) 'his heart'.
יָצ֣וּקand he castQal ptc ms · יָצַק (H3332)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorיָצַק (H3332) 'and he cast'.
כְּמוֹlikeprep · כְּמוֹ (H3644)Particle or relational elementכְּמוֹ (H3644) 'like'.
אָ֑בֶןa stoneN c · אֶבֶן (H68)Construct chain (genitival)אֶבֶן (H68) 'a stone'.
וְ֝יָצ֗וּקand he castconj וְ + Qal ptc ms · יָצַק (H3332)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorיָצַק (H3332) 'and he cast'.
כְּפֶ֣לַחupper millstoneprep + N com f sg abs · פֶּלַח (H6400)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)פֶּלַח (H6400) 'upper millstone'.
תַּחְתִּֽיתlowestAdj · תַּחְתִּי (H8482)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)תַּחְתִּי (H8482) 'lowest'.
17

מִ֭שֵּׂתוֹ יָג֣וּרוּ אֵלִ֑ים מִ֝שְּׁבָרִ֗ים יִתְחַטָּֽאוּ

When he raiseth up himself, the mighty are afraid: by reason of breakings they purify themselves.

Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-orientedasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'who sojourns'.
Word-by-word analysis· 5 words
מִ֭שֵּׂתוֹa swellingprep + N com f sg constr + sfx 3ms · שְׂאֵת (H7613)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שְׂאֵת (H7613) 'a swelling'.
יָג֣וּרוּwho sojournsQal impf 3mp · גּוּר (H1481)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalגּוּר (H1481) 'who sojourns'.
אֵלִ֑יםGodN c · אֵל (H410)Construct chain (genitival)אֵל (H410) 'God'.
מִ֝שְּׁבָרִ֗יםa fracture ofprep + N com m pl abs · שֶׁבֶר (H7667)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שֶׁבֶר (H7667) 'a fracture of'.
יִתְחַטָּֽאוּsinsHithpael impf 3mp · חָטָא (H2398)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalחָטָא (H2398) 'sins'.
18

מַשִּׂיגֵ֣הוּ חֶ֭רֶב בְּלִ֣י תָק֑וּם חֲנִ֖ית מַסָּ֣ע וְשִׁרְיָֽה

The sword of him that layeth at him cannot hold: the spear, the dart, nor the habergeon.

Participle — attendant circumstance or substantival actorasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Participle — attendant circumstance or substantival actor. Lead predicate is 'his means can afford'.
Word-by-word analysis· 7 words
מַשִּׂיגֵ֣הוּhis means can affordHiphil ptc ms + sfx 3ms · נָשַׂג (H5381)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorנָשַׂג (H5381) 'his means can afford'.
חֶ֭רֶבthe swordN c · חֶרֶב (H2719)Construct chain (genitival)חֶרֶב (H2719) 'the sword'.
בְּלִ֣יwithoutneg. · בְּלִי (H1097)Particle or relational elementבְּלִי (H1097) 'without'.
תָק֑וּםyou shall riseQal impf 3fs · קוּם (H6965)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalקוּם (H6965) 'you shall rise'.
חֲנִ֖יתjavelinN c · חֲנִית (H2595)Construct chain (genitival)חֲנִית (H2595) 'javelin'.
מַסָּ֣עbefore it was broughtN c · מַסָּע (H4551)Construct chain (genitival)מַסָּע (H4551) 'before it was brought'.
וְשִׁרְיָֽהbreastplateconj וְ + N com f sg abs · שִׁרְיוֹן (H8302)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שִׁרְיוֹן (H8302) 'breastplate'.
19

יַחְשֹׁ֣ב לְתֶ֣בֶן בַּרְזֶ֑ל לְעֵ֖ץ רִקָּב֣וֹן נְחוּשָֽׁה

He esteemeth iron as straw, brass as rotten wood.

Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-orientedasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'shall be reckoned'.
Word-by-word analysis· 6 words
יַחְשֹׁ֣בshall be reckonedQal impf 3ms · חָשַׁב (H2803)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalחָשַׁב (H2803) 'shall be reckoned'.
לְתֶ֣בֶןfor strawprep + N com m sg abs · תֶּבֶן (H8401)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)תֶּבֶן (H8401) 'for straw'.
בַּרְזֶ֑לironN c · בַּרְזֶל (H1270)Construct chain (genitival)בַּרְזֶל (H1270) 'iron'.
לְעֵ֖ץwood ofprep + N com m sg constr · עֵץ (H6086)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עֵץ (H6086) 'wood of'.
רִקָּב֣וֹןrottenN c · רִקָּבוֹן (H7539)Construct chain (genitival)רִקָּבוֹן (H7539) 'rotten'.
נְחוּשָֽׁהlike bronzeN c · נְחוּשָׁה (H5154)Construct chain (genitival)נְחוּשָׁה (H5154) 'like bronze'.
20

לֹֽא יַבְרִיחֶ֥נּוּ בֶן קָ֑שֶׁת לְ֝קַ֗שׁ נֶהְפְּכוּ ל֥וֹ אַבְנֵי קָֽלַע

The arrow cannot make him flee: slingstones are turned with him into stubble.

Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-orientedasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'and he fled'.
Word-by-word analysis· 9 words
לֹֽאnotneg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'not'.
יַבְרִיחֶ֥נּוּand he fledHiphil impf 3ms + sfx 3ms · בָּרַח (H1272)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalבָּרַח (H1272) 'and he fled'.
בֶןson ofN c · בֵּן (H1121)Construct chain (genitival)בֵּן (H1121) 'son of'.
קָ֑שֶׁתa bowN c · קֶשֶׁת (H7198)Construct chain (genitival)קֶשֶׁת (H7198) 'a bow'.
לְ֝קַ֗שׁlike stubble.prep + N com m sg abs · קַשׁ (H7179)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)קַשׁ (H7179) 'like stubble.'.
נֶהְפְּכוּhave turnedN · הָפַךְ (H2015)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)הָפַךְ (H2015) 'have turned'.
ל֥וֹto himprep + sfx 3msParticle or relational elementFunction word: 'to him'.
אַבְנֵיstones ofN c · אֶבֶן (H68)Construct chain (genitival)אֶבֶן (H68) 'stones of'.
קָֽלַעhangingsN c · קֶלַע (H7050)Construct chain (genitival)קֶלַע (H7050) 'hangings'.
21

כְּ֭קַשׁ נֶחְשְׁב֣וּ תוֹתָ֑ח וְ֝יִשְׂחַ֗ק לְרַ֣עַשׁ כִּידֽוֹן

Darts are counted as stubble: he laugheth at the shaking of a spear.

Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-orientedasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented.
Word-by-word analysis· 6 words
כְּ֭קַשׁlike stubble.prep + N com m sg abs · קַשׁ (H7179)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)קַשׁ (H7179) 'like stubble.'.
נֶחְשְׁב֣וּa skilled designerN · חָשַׁב (H2803)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)חָשַׁב (H2803) 'a skilled designer'.
תוֹתָ֑חdartsN c · תּוֹתָח (H8455)Construct chain (genitival)תּוֹתָח (H8455) 'darts'.
וְ֝יִשְׂחַ֗קandconj וְ + Qal impf 3ms · שָׂחַק (H7832)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalשָׂחַק (H7832) 'and'.
לְרַ֣עַשׁcommotionprep + N com m sg constr · רַעַשׁ (H7494)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)רַעַשׁ (H7494) 'commotion'.
כִּידֽוֹןwith the javelinN c · כִּידוֹן (H3591)Construct chain (genitival)כִּידוֹן (H3591) 'with the javelin'.
22

תַּ֭חְתָּיו חַדּ֣וּדֵי חָ֑רֶשׂ יִרְפַּ֖ד חָר֣וּץ עֲלֵי טִֽיט

Sharp stones under him: he spreadeth sharp pointed things upon the mire.

Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-orientedasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'comfort'.
Word-by-word analysis· 7 words
תַּ֭חְתָּיוin his placeprep + sfx 3ms · תַּחַת (H8478)Particle or relational elementתַּחַת (H8478) 'in his place'.
חַדּ֣וּדֵיsharpN c · חַדּוּד (H2303)Construct chain (genitival)חַדּוּד (H2303) 'sharp'.
חָ֑רֶשׂearthenwareN c · חֶרֶשׂ (H2789)Construct chain (genitival)חֶרֶשׂ (H2789) 'earthenware'.
יִרְפַּ֖דcomfortQal impf 3ms · רָפַד (H7502)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalרָפַד (H7502) 'comfort'.
חָר֣וּץdecisionN c · חֲרוּץ (H2742)Construct chain (genitival)חֲרוּץ (H2742) 'decision'.
עֲלֵיagainst meprep · עַל (H5921)Particle or relational elementעַל (H5921) 'against me'.
טִֽיטas / likeN c · טִיט (H2916)Construct chain (genitival)טִיט (H2916) 'as / like'.
23

יַרְתִּ֣יחַ כַּסִּ֣יר מְצוּלָ֑ה יָ֝֗ם יָשִׂ֥ים כַּמֶּרְקָחָֽה

He maketh the deep to boil like a pot: he maketh the sea like a pot of ointment.

Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-orientedasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'boil'.
Word-by-word analysis· 6 words
יַרְתִּ֣יחַboilHiphil impf 3ms · רָתַח (H7570)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalרָתַח (H7570) 'boil'.
כַּסִּ֣ירthe pot ofprep + art + N com c sg abs · סִיר (H5518)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)סִיר (H5518) 'the pot of'.
מְצוּלָ֑הinto the depthsN c · מְצוֹלָה (H4688)Construct chain (genitival)מְצוֹלָה (H4688) 'into the depths'.
יָ֝֗םsea ofN c · יָם (H3220)Construct chain (genitival)יָם (H3220) 'sea of'.
יָשִׂ֥יםputsQal impf 3ms · שִׂים (H7760)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalשִׂים (H7760) 'puts'.
כַּמֶּרְקָחָֽהpot of ointmentprep + art + N com f sg abs · מֶרְקָחָה (H4841)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מֶרְקָחָה (H4841) 'pot of ointment'.
24

אַ֭חֲרָיו יָאִ֣יר נָתִ֑יב יַחְשֹׁ֖ב תְּה֣וֹם לְשֵׂיבָֽה

He maketh a path to shine after him; would think the deep hoary.

Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-orientedasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'to give light'.
Word-by-word analysis· 6 words
אַ֭חֲרָיוafter himprep + sfx 3ms · אַחַר (H310)Particle or relational elementאַחַר (H310) 'after him'.
יָאִ֣ירto give lightHiphil impf 3ms · אוֹר (H215)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalאוֹר (H215) 'to give light'.
נָתִ֑יבmy pathsN c · נְתִיבָה (H5410)Construct chain (genitival)נְתִיבָה (H5410) 'my paths'.
יַחְשֹׁ֖בshall be reckonedQal impf 3ms · חָשַׁב (H2803)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalחָשַׁב (H2803) 'shall be reckoned'.
תְּה֣וֹםthe deepN c · תְּהוֹם (H8415)Construct chain (genitival)תְּהוֹם (H8415) 'the deep'.
לְשֵׂיבָֽהin old ageprep + N com f sg abs · שֵׂיבָה (H7872)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שֵׂיבָה (H7872) 'in old age'.
25

אֵֽין עַל עָפָ֥ר מָשְׁל֑וֹ הֶ֝עָשׂ֗וּ לִבְלִי חָֽת

Upon earth there is not his like, who is made without fear.

Participle — attendant circumstance or substantival actorasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Participle — attendant circumstance or substantival actor. Lead predicate is 'he did'.
Word-by-word analysis· 7 words
אֵֽיןthere is notneg. · אַיִן (H369)Particle or relational elementאַיִן (H369) 'there is not'.
עַלonprep · עַל (H5921)Particle or relational elementעַל (H5921) 'on'.
עָפָ֥רdustN c · עָפָר (H6083)Construct chain (genitival)עָפָר (H6083) 'dust'.
מָשְׁל֑וֹandN c · מֹשֶׁל (H4915)Construct chain (genitival)מֹשֶׁל (H4915) 'and'.
הֶ֝עָשׂ֗וּhe didart + Qal ptc ms · עָשָׂה (H6213)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorעָשָׂה (H6213) 'he did'.
לִבְלִיwithoutprep + neg. · בְּלִי (H1097)Particle or relational elementבְּלִי (H1097) 'without'.
חָֽתand your dreadN c · חַת (H2844)Construct chain (genitival)חַת (H2844) 'and your dread'.
26

אֵֽת כָּל גָּבֹ֥הַּ יִרְאֶ֑ה ה֝֗וּא מֶ֣לֶךְ עַל כָּל בְּנֵי שָֽׁחַץ

He beholdeth all high : he a king over all the children of pride.

Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-orientedasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'shall be seen'. Closes the chapter.
Word-by-word analysis· 10 words
אֵֽת(obj)obj marker · אֵת (H853)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H853) '(obj)'.
כָּלallN c · כֹּל (H3605)Construct chain (genitival)כֹּל (H3605) 'all'.
גָּבֹ֥הַּhighAdj · גָּבֹהַ (H1364)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)גָּבֹהַ (H1364) 'high'.
יִרְאֶ֑הshall be seenQal impf 3ms · רָאָה (H7200)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalרָאָה (H7200) 'shall be seen'.
ה֝֗וּאhepron 3ms · הִיא (H1931)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)הִיא (H1931) 'he'.
מֶ֣לֶךְking ofN c · מֶלֶךְ (H4428)Construct chain (genitival)מֶלֶךְ (H4428) 'king of'.
עַלonprep · עַל (H5921)Particle or relational elementעַל (H5921) 'on'.
כָּלallN c · כֹּל (H3605)Construct chain (genitival)כֹּל (H3605) 'all'.
בְּנֵיthe sons ofN c · בֵּן (H1121)Construct chain (genitival)בֵּן (H1121) 'the sons of'.
שָֽׁחַץlionN c · שַׁחַץ (H7830)Construct chain (genitival)שַׁחַץ (H7830) 'lion'.