Hebrew Text · Translation · Interlinear · Discourse Structure

The Book of Job, Chapter 36איוב 36

Each verse opens with the running Hebrew, an English translation, and a discourse note (its connective, relation, and role in the argument). Below follows the word-by-word breakdown in six tiers: gloss, case/state or parsing, syntax, semantic force, and a lexical note.

Case Nominative Genitive Dative Accusative Vocative Verb (no case) Indeclinable

Discourse notes head each verse: relation · connective · clause-flow. Indentation marks prominence — flush-left = main line of argument; indented = supporting / subordinate material.

Theme

Job 36 (33 verses in the MT) opens: Elihu also proceeded, and said, The middle of the chapter continues: But you have fulfilled the judgment of the wicked: judgment and justice take hold . It closes: The noise thereof sheweth concerning it, the cattle also concerning the vapour.

Translation & textual notes

The Hebrew base text here follows the Masoretic Text in the Leningrad tradition as represented by the Westminster Leningrad Codex / MorphHB diplomatic stream imported from OSHB; distinctively copyrighted apparatus from BHS or BHQ is not reproduced. Job 36 comprises 33 verses in MT order. Movement I (vv. 1-7) — Elihu also proceeded, and said. Elihu also proceeded, and said, Suffer me a little, and I will shew you that yet to speak on God's behalf. I will fetch my knowledge from afar, and will ascribe righteousness to my Maker. For truly my words not false: he that is perfect in knowledge with you. Behold, God mighty, and despiseth not mighty in strength wisdom. He preserveth not the life of the. Movement II (vv. 8-14) — And if bound in fetters, be holden in cords of affliction;. And if bound in fetters, be holden in cords of affliction; Then he sheweth them their work, and their transgressions that they have exceeded. He openeth also their ear to discipline, and commandeth that they return from iniquity. If they obey and serve , they shall spend their days in prosperity, and their years in pleasures. But if they obey not, they. Movement III (vv. 15-21) — He delivereth the poor in his affliction, and openeth their ears in oppr. He delivereth the poor in his affliction, and openeth their ears in oppression. Even so would he have removed you out of the strait a broad place, where no straitness; and that which should be set on your table full of fatness. But you have fulfilled the judgment of the wicked: judgment and justice take hold . Because wrath, lest he take you away with. Movement IV (vv. 22-28) — Behold, God exalteth by his power: who teacheth like him?. Behold, God exalteth by his power: who teacheth like him? Who has enjoined him his way? or who can say, You have wrought iniquity? Remember that you magnify his work, which men behold. Every man may see it; man may behold afar off. Behold, God great, and we know not, neither can the number of his years be searched out. For he maketh small the drops of. Movement V (vv. 29-33) — Also can understand the spreadings of the clouds, the noise of his taber. Also can understand the spreadings of the clouds, the noise of his tabernacle? Behold, he spreadeth his light upon it, and covereth the bottom of the sea. For by them judgeth he the people; he giveth meat in abundance. With clouds he covereth the light; and commandeth it by that cometh betwixt. The noise thereof sheweth concerning it, the cattle also. Where English printed Bibles divide verses differently, this annotation follows MT versification throughout.

1

וַיֹּ֥סֶף אֱלִיה֗וּא וַיֹּאמַֽר

Elihu also proceeded, and said,

Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action. Lead predicate is 'then he shall add'. Opens the chapter. Speech formula or quoted address.
Word-by-word analysis· 3 words
וַיֹּ֥סֶףthen he shall addconj וְ + Hiphil wayyiqtol 3ms · יָסַף (H3254)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceיָסַף (H3254) 'then he shall add'.
אֱלִיה֗וּאElihuN · אֱלִיהוּ (H453)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֱלִיהוּ (H453) 'Elihu'.
וַיֹּאמַֽרand he saidconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · אָמַר (H559)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceאָמַר (H559) 'and he said'.
2

כַּתַּר לִ֣י זְ֭עֵיר וַאֲחַוֶּ֑ךָּ כִּ֤י ע֖וֹד לֶאֱל֣וֹהַּ מִלִּֽים

Suffer me a little, and I will shew you that yet to speak on God's behalf.

Imperative — volitional addressasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Imperative — volitional address. Lead predicate is 'surround'.
Word-by-word analysis· 8 words
כַּתַּרsurroundPiel impv 2ms · כָּתַר (H3803)Predicate verb (imperative)→ Volitional: imperativeכָּתַר (H3803) 'surround'.
לִ֣יto meprep + sfx 1csParticle or relational elementFunction word: 'to me'.
זְ֭עֵירlittleN c · זְעֵיר (H2191)Construct chain (genitival)זְעֵיר (H2191) 'little'.
וַאֲחַוֶּ֑ךָּandconj וְ + Piel impf 1cs + sfx 2ms · חָוָה (H2331)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalחָוָה (H2331) 'and'.
כִּ֤יforconj וְ · כִּי (H3588)Particle or relational elementכִּי (H3588) 'for'.
ע֖וֹדagainart · עוֹד (H5750)Particle or relational elementעוֹד (H5750) 'again'.
לֶאֱל֣וֹהַּGodprep + N com m sg abs · אֱלוֹהַּ (H433)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֱלוֹהַּ (H433) 'God'.
מִלִּֽיםwith wordsN c · מִלָּה (H4405)Construct chain (genitival)מִלָּה (H4405) 'with words'.
3

אֶשָּׂ֣א דֵ֭עִי לְמֵרָח֑וֹק וּ֝לְפֹעֲלִ֗י אֶֽתֵּֽן צֶֽדֶק

I will fetch my knowledge from afar, and will ascribe righteousness to my Maker.

Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-orientedasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'can I bear'.
Word-by-word analysis· 6 words
אֶשָּׂ֣אcan I bearQal impf 1cs · נָשָׂא (H5375)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalנָשָׂא (H5375) 'can I bear'.
דֵ֭עִיknowledgeN c · דֵּעַ (H1843)Construct chain (genitival)דֵּעַ (H1843) 'knowledge'.
לְמֵרָח֑וֹקfrom afarprep + prep + Adj · רָחוֹק (H7350)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)רָחוֹק (H7350) 'from afar'.
וּ֝לְפֹעֲלִ֗יdidconj וְ + prep + Qal ptc ms + sfx 1cs · פָּעַל (H6466)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorפָּעַל (H6466) 'did'.
אֶֽתֵּֽןI will giveQal impf 1cs · נָתַן (H5414)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalנָתַן (H5414) 'I will give'.
צֶֽדֶקjustN c · צֶדֶק (H6664)Construct chain (genitival)צֶדֶק (H6664) 'just'.
4

כִּֽי אָ֭מְנָם לֹא שֶׁ֣קֶר מִלָּ֑י תְּמִ֖ים דֵּע֣וֹת עִמָּֽךְ

For truly my words not false: he that is perfect in knowledge with you.

Linked non-verbal clause
kî-clause (causal, recitative, or evidential). Linked non-verbal clause.
Word-by-word analysis· 8 words
כִּֽיforconj וְ · כִּי (H3588)Particle or relational elementכִּי (H3588) 'for'.
אָ֭מְנָםtrulyart · אָמְנָם (H551)Particle or relational elementאָמְנָם (H551) 'truly'.
לֹאnotneg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'not'.
שֶׁ֣קֶרfalsehoodN c · שֶׁקֶר (H8267)Construct chain (genitival)שֶׁקֶר (H8267) 'falsehood'.
מִלָּ֑יmy wordsN c · מִלָּה (H4405)Construct chain (genitival)מִלָּה (H4405) 'my words'.
תְּמִ֖יםwithout blemishAdj · תָּמִים (H8549)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)תָּמִים (H8549) 'without blemish'.
דֵּע֣וֹתknowledgeN c · דֵּעָה (H1844)Construct chain (genitival)דֵּעָה (H1844) 'knowledge'.
עִמָּֽךְwith youprep + sfx 2fs · עִם (H5973)Particle or relational elementעִם (H5973) 'with you'.
5

הֶן אֵ֣ל כַּ֭בִּיר וְלֹ֣א יִמְאָ֑ס כַּ֝בִּ֗יר כֹּ֣חַֽ לֵֽב

Behold, God mighty, and despiseth not mighty in strength wisdom.

Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-orientedhinneh
Presentative hinneh, putting a new scene or surprise on stage. Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'despise'.
Word-by-word analysis· 8 words
הֶןbeholdparticle · הֵן (H2005)Particle or relational elementהֵן (H2005) 'behold'.
אֵ֣לGodN c · אֵל (H410)Construct chain (genitival)אֵל (H410) 'God'.
כַּ֭בִּירfeebleAdj · כַּבִּיר (H3524)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)כַּבִּיר (H3524) 'feeble'.
וְלֹ֣אand notconj וְ + neg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'and not'.
יִמְאָ֑סdespiseQal impf 3ms · מָאַס (H3988)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalמָאַס (H3988) 'despise'.
כַּ֝בִּ֗ירfeebleAdj · כַּבִּיר (H3524)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)כַּבִּיר (H3524) 'feeble'.
כֹּ֣חַֽpowerN c · כֹּחַ (H3581)Construct chain (genitival)כֹּחַ (H3581) 'power'.
לֵֽבthe heart ofN c · לֵב (H3820)Construct chain (genitival)לֵב (H3820) 'the heart of'.
6

לֹא יְחַיֶּ֥ה רָשָׁ֑ע וּמִשְׁפַּ֖ט עֲנִיִּ֣ים יִתֵּֽן

He preserveth not the life of the wicked: but giveth right to the poor.

Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-orientedasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'does live'.
Word-by-word analysis· 6 words
לֹאnotneg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'not'.
יְחַיֶּ֥הdoes livePiel impf 3ms · חָיָה (H2421)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalחָיָה (H2421) 'does live'.
רָשָׁ֑עthe wickedAdj · רָשָׁע (H7563)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)רָשָׁע (H7563) 'the wicked'.
וּמִשְׁפַּ֖טand an ordinance,conj וְ + N com m sg constr · מִשְׁפָּט (H4941)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מִשְׁפָּט (H4941) 'and an ordinance,'.
עֲנִיִּ֣יםpoorAdj · עָנִי (H6041)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עָנִי (H6041) 'poor'.
יִתֵּֽןwould giveQal impf 3ms · נָתַן (H5414)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalנָתַן (H5414) 'would give'.
7

לֹֽא יִגְרַ֥ע מִצַּדִּ֗יק עֵ֫ינָ֥יו וְאֶת מְלָכִ֥ים לַכִּסֵּ֑א וַיֹּשִׁיבֵ֥ם לָ֝נֶ֗צַח וַיִּגְבָּֽהוּ

He withdraweth not his eyes from the righteous: but with kings on the throne; yea, he does establish them for ever, and they are exalted.

Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-orientedasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'he shall diminish'.
Word-by-word analysis· 10 words
לֹֽאnotneg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'not'.
יִגְרַ֥עhe shall diminishQal impf 3ms · גָּרַע (H1639)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalגָּרַע (H1639) 'he shall diminish'.
מִצַּדִּ֗יקrighteousprep + Adj · צַדִּיק (H6662)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)צַדִּיק (H6662) 'righteous'.
עֵ֫ינָ֥יוhis eyesN c · עַיִן (H5869)Construct chain (genitival)עַיִן (H5869) 'his eyes'.
וְאֶתand withconj וְ + prep · אֵת (H854)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H854) 'and with'.
מְלָכִ֥יםkingsN c · מֶלֶךְ (H4428)Construct chain (genitival)מֶלֶךְ (H4428) 'kings'.
לַכִּסֵּ֑אthe throneprep + art + N com m sg abs · כִּסֵּא (H3678)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)כִּסֵּא (H3678) 'the throne'.
וַיֹּשִׁיבֵ֥םthe inhabitants ofconj וְ + Hiphil wayyiqtol 3ms + sfx 3mp · יָשַׁב (H3427)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceיָשַׁב (H3427) 'the inhabitants of'.
לָ֝נֶ֗צַחalwayprep + N com m sg abs · נֶצַח (H5331)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)נֶצַח (H5331) 'alway'.
וַיִּגְבָּֽהוּandconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3mp · גָּבַהּ (H1361)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceגָּבַהּ (H1361) 'and'.
8

וְאִם אֲסוּרִ֥ים בַּזִּקִּ֑ים יִ֝לָּכְד֗וּן בְּחַבְלֵי עֹֽנִי

And if bound in fetters, be holden in cords of affliction;

Participle — attendant circumstance or substantival actor
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Participle — attendant circumstance or substantival actor. Lead predicate is 'are confined'.
Word-by-word analysis· 6 words
וְאִםand ifconj וְ + conj וְ · אִם (H518)Particle or relational elementאִם (H518) 'and if'.
אֲסוּרִ֥יםare confinedQal ptc mp · אָסַר (H631)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorאָסַר (H631) 'are confined'.
בַּזִּקִּ֑יםinprep + art + N com m pl abs · זִיקָה (H2131)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)זִיקָה (H2131) 'in'.
יִ֝לָּכְד֗וּןand was takenN · לָכַד (H3920)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)לָכַד (H3920) 'and was taken'.
בְּחַבְלֵיthe region ofprep + N com c pl constr · חֶבֶל (H2256)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)חֶבֶל (H2256) 'the region of'.
עֹֽנִיafflictionN c · עֳנִי (H6040)Construct chain (genitival)עֳנִי (H6040) 'affliction'.
9

וַיַּגֵּ֣ד לָהֶ֣ם פָּעֳלָ֑ם וּ֝פִשְׁעֵיהֶ֗ם כִּ֣י יִתְגַּבָּֽרוּ

Then he sheweth them their work, and their transgressions that they have exceeded.

Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action. Lead predicate is 'and it was told'.
Word-by-word analysis· 6 words
וַיַּגֵּ֣דand it was toldconj וְ + Hiphil wayyiqtol 3ms · נָגַד (H5046)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceנָגַד (H5046) 'and it was told'.
לָהֶ֣םto themprep + sfx 3mpParticle or relational elementFunction word: 'to them'.
פָּעֳלָ֑םhis workN c · פֹּעַל (H6467)Construct chain (genitival)פֹּעַל (H6467) 'his work'.
וּ֝פִשְׁעֵיהֶ֗םand transgressionconj וְ + N com m pl constr + sfx 3mp · פֶשַע (H6588)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)פֶשַע (H6588) 'and transgression'.
כִּ֣יforconj וְ · כִּי (H3588)Particle or relational elementכִּי (H3588) 'for'.
יִתְגַּבָּֽרוּprevailedHithpael impf 3mp · גָּבַר (H1396)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalגָּבַר (H1396) 'prevailed'.
10

וַיִּ֣גֶל אָ֭זְנָם לַמּוּסָ֑ר וַ֝יֹּ֗אמֶר כִּֽי יְשֻׁב֥וּן מֵאָֽוֶן

He openeth also their ear to discipline, and commandeth that they return from iniquity.

Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action. Lead predicate is 'and he uncovered'. Speech formula or quoted address.
Word-by-word analysis· 7 words
וַיִּ֣גֶלand he uncoveredconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · גָּלָה (H1540)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceגָּלָה (H1540) 'and he uncovered'.
אָ֭זְנָםtheir earN c · אֹזֶן (H241)Construct chain (genitival)אֹזֶן (H241) 'their ear'.
לַמּוּסָ֑רthe discipline ofprep + art + N com m sg abs · מוּסָר (H4148)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מוּסָר (H4148) 'the discipline of'.
וַ֝יֹּ֗אמֶרand he saidconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · אָמַר (H559)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceאָמַר (H559) 'and he said'.
כִּֽיforconj וְ · כִּי (H3588)Particle or relational elementכִּי (H3588) 'for'.
יְשֻׁב֥וּןand he returnedQal impf 3mp + Sn · שׁוּב (H7725)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalשׁוּב (H7725) 'and he returned'.
מֵאָֽוֶןiniquityprep + N com m sg abs · אוֹן (H205)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אוֹן (H205) 'iniquity'.
11

אִֽם יִשְׁמְע֗וּ וְֽיַ֫עֲבֹ֥דוּ יְכַלּ֣וּ יְמֵיהֶ֣ם בַּטּ֑וֹב וּ֝שְׁנֵיהֶ֗ם בַּנְּעִימִֽים

If they obey and serve , they shall spend their days in prosperity, and their years in pleasures.

Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-orientedʼim
Conditional ʼim. Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'shall hear'.
Word-by-word analysis· 8 words
אִֽםifconj וְ · אִם (H518)Particle or relational elementאִם (H518) 'if'.
יִשְׁמְע֗וּshall hearQal impf 3mp · שָׁמַע (H8085)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalשָׁמַע (H8085) 'shall hear'.
וְֽיַ֫עֲבֹ֥דוּand they servedconj וְ + Qal impf 3mp · עָבַד (H5647)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalעָבַד (H5647) 'and they served'.
יְכַלּ֣וּand he finishedPiel impf 3mp · כָּלָה (H3615)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalכָּלָה (H3615) 'and he finished'.
יְמֵיהֶ֣םtodayN c · יוֹם (H3117)Construct chain (genitival)יוֹם (H3117) 'today'.
בַּטּ֑וֹבwherever goodprep + art + Adj · טוֹב (H2896)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)טוֹב (H2896) 'wherever good'.
וּ֝שְׁנֵיהֶ֗םyearsconj וְ + Adj c det + sfx 3mp · שָׁנָה (H8141)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שָׁנָה (H8141) 'years'.
בַּנְּעִימִֽיםandprep + art + Adj · נָעִים (H5273)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)נָעִים (H5273) 'and'.
12

וְאִם לֹ֣א יִ֭שְׁמְעוּ בְּשֶׁ֣לַח יַעֲבֹ֑רוּ וְ֝יִגְוְע֗וּ כִּבְלִי דָֽעַת

But if they obey not, they shall perish by the sword, and they shall die without knowledge.

Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'shall hear'.
Word-by-word analysis· 8 words
וְאִםand ifconj וְ + conj וְ · אִם (H518)Particle or relational elementאִם (H518) 'and if'.
לֹ֣אnotneg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'not'.
יִ֭שְׁמְעוּshall hearQal impf 3mp · שָׁמַע (H8085)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalשָׁמַע (H8085) 'shall hear'.
בְּשֶׁ֣לַחdartprep + N com m sg abs · שֶׁלַח (H7973)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שֶׁלַח (H7973) 'dart'.
יַעֲבֹ֑רוּthey crossedQal impf 3mp · עָבַר (H5674)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalעָבַר (H5674) 'they crossed'.
וְ֝יִגְוְע֗וּbreathed his lastconj וְ + Qal impf 3mp · גָּוַע (H1478)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalגָּוַע (H1478) 'breathed his last'.
כִּבְלִיwithoutprep + neg. · בְּלִי (H1097)Particle or relational elementבְּלִי (H1097) 'without'.
דָֽעַתknowledgeN c · דַּעַת (H1847)Construct chain (genitival)דַּעַת (H1847) 'knowledge'.
13

וְֽחַנְפֵי לֵ֭ב יָשִׂ֣ימוּ אָ֑ף לֹ֥א יְ֝שַׁוְּע֗וּ כִּ֣י אֲסָרָֽם

But the hypocrites in heart heap up wrath: they cry not when he bindeth them.

Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'they place'.
Word-by-word analysis· 8 words
וְֽחַנְפֵיhypocriteconj וְ + Adj · חָנֵף (H2611)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)חָנֵף (H2611) 'hypocrite'.
לֵ֭בthe heart ofN c · לֵב (H3820)Construct chain (genitival)לֵב (H3820) 'the heart of'.
יָשִׂ֣ימוּthey placeQal impf 3mp · שִׂים (H7760)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalשִׂים (H7760) 'they place'.
אָ֑ףthe anger ofN c · אַף (H639)Construct chain (genitival)אַף (H639) 'the anger of'.
לֹ֥אnotneg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'not'.
יְ֝שַׁוְּע֗וּI cry for helpPiel impf 3mp · שִׁוַּע (H7768)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalשִׁוַּע (H7768) 'I cry for help'.
כִּ֣יforconj וְ · כִּי (H3588)Particle or relational elementכִּי (H3588) 'for'.
אֲסָרָֽםshe boundQal perf 3ms + sfx 3mp · אָסַר (H631)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actאָסַר (H631) 'she bound'.
14

תָּמֹ֣ת בַּנֹּ֣עַר נַפְשָׁ֑ם וְ֝חַיָּתָ֗ם בַּקְּדֵשִֽׁים

They die in youth, and their life among the unclean.

Jussive — volitionalasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Jussive — volitional. Lead predicate is 'let it die'.
Word-by-word analysis· 5 words
תָּמֹ֣תlet it dieQal jussive 3fs · מוּת (H4191)Predicate verb (jussive)→ Jussive: volitionalמוּת (H4191) 'let it die'.
בַּנֹּ֣עַרinprep + art + N com m sg abs · נֹעַר (H5290)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)נֹעַר (H5290) 'in'.
נַפְשָׁ֑םtheir soulN c · נֶפֶשׁ (H5315)Construct chain (genitival)נֶפֶשׁ (H5315) 'their soul'.
וְ֝חַיָּתָ֗םaliveconj וְ + N com f sg constr + sfx 3mp · חַי (H2416)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)חַי (H2416) 'alive'.
בַּקְּדֵשִֽׁיםa cult prostituteprep + art + Adj · קָדֵשׁ (H6945)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)קָדֵשׁ (H6945) 'a cult prostitute'.
15

יְחַלֵּ֣ץ עָנִ֣י בְעָנְי֑וֹ וְיִ֖גֶל בַּלַּ֣חַץ אָזְנָֽם

He delivereth the poor in his affliction, and openeth their ears in oppression.

Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-orientedasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'armed'.
Word-by-word analysis· 6 words
יְחַלֵּ֣ץarmedPiel impf 3ms · חָלַץ (H2502)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalחָלַץ (H2502) 'armed'.
עָנִ֣יpoorAdj · עָנִי (H6041)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עָנִי (H6041) 'poor'.
בְעָנְי֑וֹmy afflictionprep + N com m sg constr + sfx 3ms · עֳנִי (H6040)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עֳנִי (H6040) 'my affliction'.
וְיִ֖גֶלand he uncoveredconj וְ + Qal impf 3ms · גָּלָה (H1540)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalגָּלָה (H1540) 'and he uncovered'.
בַּלַּ֣חַץour oppressionprep + art + N com m sg abs · לַחַץ (H3906)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)לַחַץ (H3906) 'our oppression'.
אָזְנָֽםtheir earN c · אֹזֶן (H241)Construct chain (genitival)אֹזֶן (H241) 'their ear'.
16

וְאַ֤ף הֲסִיתְךָ֨ מִפִּי צָ֗ר רַ֭חַב לֹא מוּצָ֣ק תַּחְתֶּ֑יהָ וְנַ֥חַת שֻׁ֝לְחָנְךָ֗ מָ֣לֵא דָֽשֶׁן

Even so would he have removed you out of the strait a broad place, where no straitness; and that which should be set on your table full of fatness.

Qatal — perfective or stative predication
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Qatal — perfective or stative predication. Lead predicate is 'entices you'.
Word-by-word analysis· 12 words
וְאַ֤ףand alsoconj וְ + art · אַף (H637)Particle or relational elementאַף (H637) 'and also'.
הֲסִיתְךָ֨entices youHiphil perf 3ms + sfx 2ms · סוּת (H5496)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actסוּת (H5496) 'entices you'.
מִפִּיfrom the mouth ofprep + N com m sg constr · פֶּה (H6310)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)פֶּה (H6310) 'from the mouth of'.
צָ֗רnarrowAdj · צַר (H6862)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)צַר (H6862) 'narrow'.
רַ֭חַבbreadthN c · רַחַב (H7338)Construct chain (genitival)רַחַב (H7338) 'breadth'.
לֹאnotneg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'not'.
מוּצָ֣קanguishN c · מוּצַק (H4164)Construct chain (genitival)מוּצַק (H4164) 'anguish'.
תַּחְתֶּ֑יהָunder itself (flat)prep + sfx 3fs · תַּחַת (H8478)Particle or relational elementתַּחַת (H8478) 'under itself (flat)'.
וְנַ֥חַתandconj וְ + N com f sg constr · נַחַת (H5183)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)נַחַת (H5183) 'and'.
שֻׁ֝לְחָנְךָ֗the tableN c · שֻׁלְחָן (H7979)Construct chain (genitival)שֻׁלְחָן (H7979) 'the table'.
מָ֣לֵאhe wholly followedQal perf 3ms · מָלֵא (H4390)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actמָלֵא (H4390) 'he wholly followed'.
דָֽשֶׁןthe fatty ashesN c · דֶּשֶׁן (H1880)Construct chain (genitival)דֶּשֶׁן (H1880) 'the fatty ashes'.
17

וְדִין רָשָׁ֥ע מָלֵ֑אתָ דִּ֖ין וּמִשְׁפָּ֣ט יִתְמֹֽכוּ

But you have fulfilled the judgment of the wicked: judgment and justice take hold .

Qatal — perfective or stative predication
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Qatal — perfective or stative predication. Lead predicate is 'the completion of'.
Word-by-word analysis· 6 words
וְדִיןa pleaconj וְ + N com m sg abs · דִּין (H1779)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)דִּין (H1779) 'a plea'.
רָשָׁ֥עthe wickedAdj · רָשָׁע (H7563)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)רָשָׁע (H7563) 'the wicked'.
מָלֵ֑אתָthe completion ofQal perf 2ms · מָלֵא (H4390)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actמָלֵא (H4390) 'the completion of'.
דִּ֖יןa pleaN c · דִּין (H1779)Construct chain (genitival)דִּין (H1779) 'a plea'.
וּמִשְׁפָּ֣טand an ordinance,conj וְ + N com m sg abs · מִשְׁפָּט (H4941)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מִשְׁפָּט (H4941) 'and an ordinance,'.
יִתְמֹֽכוּheld upQal impf 3mp · תָּמַךְ (H8551)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalתָּמַךְ (H8551) 'held up'.
18

כִּֽי חֵ֭מָה פֶּן יְסִֽיתְךָ֣ בְסָ֑פֶק וְרָב כֹּ֝֗פֶר אַל יַטֶּֽךָּ

Because wrath, lest he take you away with stroke: then a great ransom cannot deliver you.

Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented
kî-clause (causal, recitative, or evidential). Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'entices you'.
Word-by-word analysis· 9 words
כִּֽיforconj וְ · כִּי (H3588)Particle or relational elementכִּי (H3588) 'for'.
חֵ֭מָהwrathN c · חֵמָה (H2534)Construct chain (genitival)חֵמָה (H2534) 'wrath'.
פֶּןlestconj וְ · פֶּן (H6435)Particle or relational elementפֶּן (H6435) 'lest'.
יְסִֽיתְךָ֣entices youHiphil impf 3ms + sfx 2ms · סוּת (H5496)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalסוּת (H5496) 'entices you'.
בְסָ֑פֶקinprep + N com m sg abs · סֵפֶק (H5607)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)סֵפֶק (H5607) 'in'.
וְרָבand numerousconj וְ + N com m sg constr · רַב (H7227)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)רַב (H7227) 'and numerous'.
כֹּ֝֗פֶרa ransomN c · כֹּפֶר (H3724)Construct chain (genitival)כֹּפֶר (H3724) 'a ransom'.
אַלdo notneg. · אַל (H408)Particle or relational elementאַל (H408) 'do not'.
יַטֶּֽךָּstretch outHiphil jussive 3ms + sfx 2ms · נָטָה (H5186)Predicate verb (jussive)→ Jussive: volitionalנָטָה (H5186) 'stretch out'.
19

הֲיַעֲרֹ֣ךְ שׁ֭וּעֲךָ לֹ֣א בְצָ֑ר וְ֝כֹ֗ל מַאֲמַצֵּי כֹֽחַ

Will he esteem your riches? , not gold, nor all the forces of strength.

Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'and he arranged'.
Word-by-word analysis· 7 words
הֲיַעֲרֹ֣ךְand he arrangedinterrog. + Qal impf 3ms · עָרַךְ (H6186)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalעָרַךְ (H6186) 'and he arranged'.
שׁ֭וּעֲךָcryN c · שׁוּעַ (H7769)Construct chain (genitival)שׁוּעַ (H7769) 'cry'.
לֹ֣אnotneg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'not'.
בְצָ֑רinprep + Adj · בְּצַר (H1222)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)בְּצַר (H1222) 'in'.
וְ֝כֹ֗לand allconj וְ + N com m sg constr · כֹּל (H3605)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)כֹּל (H3605) 'and all'.
מַאֲמַצֵּיforceN c · מַאֲמָץ (H3981)Construct chain (genitival)מַאֲמָץ (H3981) 'force'.
כֹֽחַpowerN c · כֹּחַ (H3581)Construct chain (genitival)כֹּחַ (H3581) 'power'.
20

אַל תִּשְׁאַ֥ף הַלָּ֑יְלָה לַעֲל֖וֹת עַמִּ֣ים תַּחְתָּֽם

Desire not the night, when people are cut off in their place.

Jussive — volitionalasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Jussive — volitional.
Word-by-word analysis· 6 words
אַלdo notneg. · אַל (H408)Particle or relational elementאַל (H408) 'do not'.
תִּשְׁאַ֥ףandQal jussive 2ms · שָׁאַף (H7602)Predicate verb (jussive)→ Jussive: volitionalשָׁאַף (H7602) 'and'.
הַלָּ֑יְלָהthe nightart + N com m sg abs · לַיְלָה (H3915)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)לַיְלָה (H3915) 'the night'.
לַעֲל֖וֹתto go upprep + Qal inf constr · עָלָה (H5927)Infinitive construct→ Infinitive construct: purpose, result, or complementעָלָה (H5927) 'to go up'.
עַמִּ֣יםpeoplesN c · עַם (H5971)Construct chain (genitival)עַם (H5971) 'peoples'.
תַּחְתָּֽםin their placeprep + sfx 3mp · תַּחַת (H8478)Particle or relational elementתַּחַת (H8478) 'in their place'.
21

הִ֭שָּׁמֶר אַל תֵּ֣פֶן אֶל אָ֑וֶן כִּֽי עַל זֶ֝֗ה בָּחַ֥רְתָּ מֵעֹֽנִי

Take heed, regard not iniquity: for this have you chosen rather than affliction.

Jussive — volitionalasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Jussive — volitional. Lead predicate is 'look'.
Word-by-word analysis· 10 words
הִ֭שָּׁמֶרtake careN · שָׁמַר (H8104)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שָׁמַר (H8104) 'take care'.
אַלdo notneg. · אַל (H408)Particle or relational elementאַל (H408) 'do not'.
תֵּ֣פֶןlookQal jussive 2ms · פָּנָה (H6437)Predicate verb (jussive)→ Jussive: volitionalפָּנָה (H6437) 'look'.
אֶלtoprep · אֶל (H413)Particle or relational elementאֶל (H413) 'to'.
אָ֑וֶןiniquityN c · אוֹן (H205)Construct chain (genitival)אוֹן (H205) 'iniquity'.
כִּֽיforconj וְ · כִּי (H3588)Particle or relational elementכִּי (H3588) 'for'.
עַלonprep · עַל (H5921)Particle or relational elementעַל (H5921) 'on'.
זֶ֝֗הthisdem. pron xms · זֶה (H2088)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)זֶה (H2088) 'this'.
בָּחַ֥רְתָּhe will chooseQal perf 2ms · בָּחַר (H977)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actבָּחַר (H977) 'he will choose'.
מֵעֹֽנִיfrom the affliction ofprep + N com m sg abs · עֳנִי (H6040)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עֳנִי (H6040) 'from the affliction of'.
22

הֶן אֵ֭ל יַשְׂגִּ֣יב בְּכֹח֑וֹ מִ֖י כָמֹ֣הוּ מוֹרֶֽה

Behold, God exalteth by his power: who teacheth like him?

Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-orientedhinneh
Presentative hinneh, putting a new scene or surprise on stage. Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'was too high'.
Word-by-word analysis· 7 words
הֶןbeholdparticle · הֵן (H2005)Particle or relational elementהֵן (H2005) 'behold'.
אֵ֭לGodN c · אֵל (H410)Construct chain (genitival)אֵל (H410) 'God'.
יַשְׂגִּ֣יבwas too highHiphil impf 3ms · שָׂגַב (H7682)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalשָׂגַב (H7682) 'was too high'.
בְּכֹח֑וֹby his powerprep + N com m sg constr + sfx 3ms · כֹּחַ (H3581)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)כֹּחַ (H3581) 'by his power'.
מִ֖יwhointerrog. · מִי (H4310)Particle or relational elementמִי (H4310) 'who'.
כָמֹ֣הוּlike itprep + sfx 3ms · כְּמוֹ (H3644)Particle or relational elementכְּמוֹ (H3644) 'like it'.
מוֹרֶֽהand to teachN c · יָרָה (H3384)Construct chain (genitival)יָרָה (H3384) 'and to teach'.
23

מִֽי פָקַ֣ד עָלָ֣יו דַּרְכּ֑וֹ וּמִֽי אָ֝מַ֗ר פָּעַ֥לְתָּ עַוְלָֽה

Who has enjoined him his way? or who can say, You have wrought iniquity?

Qatal — perfective or stative predicationasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Qatal — perfective or stative predication. Lead predicate is 'numbered'. Speech formula or quoted address.
Word-by-word analysis· 8 words
מִֽיwhointerrog. · מִי (H4310)Particle or relational elementמִי (H4310) 'who'.
פָקַ֣דnumberedQal perf 3ms · פָּקַד (H6485)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actפָּקַד (H6485) 'numbered'.
עָלָ֣יוon itprep + sfx 3ms · עַל (H5921)Particle or relational elementעַל (H5921) 'on it'.
דַּרְכּ֑וֹhis journeyN c · דֶּרֶךְ (H1870)Construct chain (genitival)דֶּרֶךְ (H1870) 'his journey'.
וּמִֽיand whoconj וְ + interrog. · מִי (H4310)Particle or relational elementמִי (H4310) 'and who'.
אָ֝מַ֗רhe saidQal perf 3ms · אָמַר (H559)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actאָמַר (H559) 'he said'.
פָּעַ֥לְתָּyou have made,Qal perf 2ms · פָּעַל (H6466)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actפָּעַל (H6466) 'you have made,'.
עַוְלָֽהinjusticeN c · עָוֶל (H5766)Construct chain (genitival)עָוֶל (H5766) 'injustice'.
24

זְ֭כֹר כִּֽי תַשְׂגִּ֣יא פָעֳל֑וֹ אֲשֶׁ֖ר שֹׁרְר֣וּ אֲנָשִֽׁים

Remember that you magnify his work, which men behold.

Imperative — volitional addressasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Imperative — volitional address. Lead predicate is 'Remember'.
Word-by-word analysis· 7 words
זְ֭כֹרRememberQal impv 2ms · זָכַר (H2142)Predicate verb (imperative)→ Volitional: imperativeזָכַר (H2142) 'Remember'.
כִּֽיforconj וְ · כִּי (H3588)Particle or relational elementכִּי (H3588) 'for'.
תַשְׂגִּ֣יאincreaseHiphil impf 2ms · שָׂגָא (H7679)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalשָׂגָא (H7679) 'increase'.
פָעֳל֑וֹhis workN c · פֹּעַל (H6467)Construct chain (genitival)פֹּעַל (H6467) 'his work'.
אֲשֶׁ֖רthatrel. שֶׁ · אֲשֶׁר (H834)Particle or relational elementאֲשֶׁר (H834) 'that'.
שֹׁרְר֣וּI will singPolel perf 3cp · שִׁיר (H7891)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actשִׁיר (H7891) 'I will sing'.
אֲנָשִֽׁיםmenN c · אִישׁ (H376)Construct chain (genitival)אִישׁ (H376) 'men'.
25

כָּל אָדָ֥ם חָֽזוּ ב֑וֹ אֱ֝נ֗וֹשׁ יַבִּ֥יט מֵרָחֽוֹק

Every man may see it; man may behold afar off.

Qatal — perfective or stative predicationasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Qatal — perfective or stative predication. Lead predicate is 'he sees/beholds'.
Word-by-word analysis· 7 words
כָּלallN c · כֹּל (H3605)Construct chain (genitival)כֹּל (H3605) 'all'.
אָדָ֥םmanN c · אָדָם (H120)Construct chain (genitival)אָדָם (H120) 'man'.
חָֽזוּhe sees/beholdsQal perf 3cp · חָזָה (H2372)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actחָזָה (H2372) 'he sees/beholds'.
ב֑וֹin itprep + sfx 3msParticle or relational elementFunction word: 'in it'.
אֱ֝נ֗וֹשׁfrom mankindN c · אֱנוֹשׁ (H582)Construct chain (genitival)אֱנוֹשׁ (H582) 'from mankind'.
יַבִּ֥יטhe beholdsHiphil impf 3ms · נָבַט (H5027)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalנָבַט (H5027) 'he beholds'.
מֵרָחֽוֹקfrom far awayprep + Adj · רָחוֹק (H7350)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)רָחוֹק (H7350) 'from far away'.
26

הֶן אֵ֣ל שַׂ֭גִּיא וְלֹ֣א נֵדָ֑ע מִסְפַּ֖ר שָׁנָ֣יו וְלֹא חֵֽקֶר

Behold, God great, and we know not, neither can the number of his years be searched out.

Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-orientedhinneh
Presentative hinneh, putting a new scene or surprise on stage. Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'shall we know'.
Word-by-word analysis· 9 words
הֶןbeholdparticle · הֵן (H2005)Particle or relational elementהֵן (H2005) 'behold'.
אֵ֣לGodN c · אֵל (H410)Construct chain (genitival)אֵל (H410) 'God'.
שַׂ֭גִּיאexcellentAdj · שַׂגִּיא (H7689)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שַׂגִּיא (H7689) 'excellent'.
וְלֹ֣אand notconj וְ + neg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'and not'.
נֵדָ֑עshall we knowQal impf 1cp · יָדַע (H3045)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalיָדַע (H3045) 'shall we know'.
מִסְפַּ֖רthe number ofN c · מִסְפָּר (H4557)Construct chain (genitival)מִסְפָּר (H4557) 'the number of'.
שָׁנָ֣יוhis yearsN c · שָׁנָה (H8141)Construct chain (genitival)שָׁנָה (H8141) 'his years'.
וְלֹאand notconj וְ + neg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'and not'.
חֵֽקֶרsearchings ofN c · חֵקֶר (H2714)Construct chain (genitival)חֵקֶר (H2714) 'searchings of'.
27

כִּ֭י יְגָרַ֣ע נִטְפֵי מָ֑יִם יָזֹ֖קּוּ מָטָ֣ר לְאֵדֽוֹ

For he maketh small the drops of water: they pour down rain according to the vapour thereof:

Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented
kî-clause (causal, recitative, or evidential). Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'he shall diminish'.
Word-by-word analysis· 7 words
כִּ֭יforconj וְ · כִּי (H3588)Particle or relational elementכִּי (H3588) 'for'.
יְגָרַ֣עhe shall diminishPiel impf 3ms · גָּרַע (H1639)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalגָּרַע (H1639) 'he shall diminish'.
נִטְפֵיstacteN c · נָטָף (H5198)Construct chain (genitival)נָטָף (H5198) 'stacte'.
מָ֑יִםwaterN c · מַיִם (H4325)Construct chain (genitival)מַיִם (H4325) 'water'.
יָזֹ֖קּוּfineQal impf 3mp · זָקַק (H2212)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalזָקַק (H2212) 'fine'.
מָטָ֣רthe rain ofN c · מָטָר (H4306)Construct chain (genitival)מָטָר (H4306) 'the rain of'.
לְאֵדֽוֹbut a mistprep + N com m sg constr + sfx 3ms · אֵד (H108)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֵד (H108) 'but a mist'.
28

אֲשֶֽׁר יִזְּל֥וּ שְׁחָקִ֑ים יִ֝רְעֲפ֗וּ עֲלֵ֤י אָדָ֬ם רָֽב

Which the clouds do drop distil upon man abundantly.

Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-orientedasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'let it distill'.
Word-by-word analysis· 7 words
אֲשֶֽׁרthatrel. שֶׁ · אֲשֶׁר (H834)Particle or relational elementאֲשֶׁר (H834) 'that'.
יִזְּל֥וּlet it distillQal impf 3mp · נָזַל (H5140)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalנָזַל (H5140) 'let it distill'.
שְׁחָקִ֑יםthe cloudsN c · שַׁחַק (H7834)Construct chain (genitival)שַׁחַק (H7834) 'the clouds'.
יִ֝רְעֲפ֗וּdistilQal impf 3mp · רָעַף (H7491)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalרָעַף (H7491) 'distil'.
עֲלֵ֤יagainst meprep · עַל (H5921)Particle or relational elementעַל (H5921) 'against me'.
אָדָ֬םmanN c · אָדָם (H120)Construct chain (genitival)אָדָם (H120) 'man'.
רָֽבgreatAdj · רַב (H7227)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)רַב (H7227) 'great'.
29

אַ֣ף אִם יָ֭בִין מִפְרְשֵׂי עָ֑ב תְּ֝שֻׁא֗וֹת סֻכָּתֽוֹ

Also can understand the spreadings of the clouds, the noise of his tabernacle?

Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-orientedasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'discerning'.
Word-by-word analysis· 7 words
אַ֣ףalsoparticle · אַף (H637)Particle or relational elementאַף (H637) 'also'.
אִםifconj וְ · אִם (H518)Particle or relational elementאִם (H518) 'if'.
יָ֭בִיןdiscerningQal impf 3ms · בִּין (H995)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalבִּין (H995) 'discerning'.
מִפְרְשֵׂיthat which...spreadest forthN c · מִפְרָשׂ (H4666)Construct chain (genitival)מִפְרָשׂ (H4666) 'that which...spreadest forth'.
עָ֑בin the thickness ofN c · עָב (H5645)Construct chain (genitival)עָב (H5645) 'in the thickness of'.
תְּ֝שֻׁא֗וֹתcryingN c · תְּשֻׁאָה (H8663)Construct chain (genitival)תְּשֻׁאָה (H8663) 'crying'.
סֻכָּתֽוֹin boothsN c · סֻכָּה (H5521)Construct chain (genitival)סֻכָּה (H5521) 'in booths'.
30

הֵן פָּרַ֣שׂ עָלָ֣יו אוֹר֑וֹ וְשָׁרְשֵׁ֖י הַיָּ֣ם כִּסָּֽה

Behold, he spreadeth his light upon it, and covereth the bottom of the sea.

Qatal — perfective or stative predicationhinneh
Presentative hinneh, putting a new scene or surprise on stage. Qatal — perfective or stative predication. Lead predicate is 'and they shall spread'.
Word-by-word analysis· 7 words
הֵןbeholdadv. · הֵן (H2005)Particle or relational elementהֵן (H2005) 'behold'.
פָּרַ֣שׂand they shall spreadQal perf 3ms · פָּרַשׂ (H6566)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actפָּרַשׂ (H6566) 'and they shall spread'.
עָלָ֣יוon itprep + sfx 3ms · עַל (H5921)Particle or relational elementעַל (H5921) 'on it'.
אוֹר֑וֹlightN c · אוֹר (H216)Construct chain (genitival)אוֹר (H216) 'light'.
וְשָׁרְשֵׁ֖יa rootconj וְ + N com m pl constr · שֹׁרֶשׁ (H8328)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שֹׁרֶשׁ (H8328) 'a root'.
הַיָּ֣םthe seaart + N com m sg abs · יָם (H3220)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יָם (H3220) 'the sea'.
כִּסָּֽהit coversPiel perf 3ms · כָּסָה (H3680)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actכָּסָה (H3680) 'it covers'.
31

כִּי בָ֭ם יָדִ֣ין עַמִּ֑ים יִֽתֶּן אֹ֥כֶל לְמַכְבִּֽיר

For by them judgeth he the people; he giveth meat in abundance.

Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented
kî-clause (causal, recitative, or evidential). Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'will vindicate'.
Word-by-word analysis· 7 words
כִּיforconj וְ · כִּי (H3588)Particle or relational elementכִּי (H3588) 'for'.
בָ֭םagainst themprep + sfx 3mpParticle or relational elementFunction word: 'against them'.
יָדִ֣יןwill vindicateQal impf 3ms · דִּין (H1777)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalדִּין (H1777) 'will vindicate'.
עַמִּ֑יםpeoplesN c · עַם (H5971)Construct chain (genitival)עַם (H5971) 'peoples'.
יִֽתֶּןwould giveQal impf 3ms · נָתַן (H5414)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalנָתַן (H5414) 'would give'.
אֹ֥כֶלfoodN c · אֹכֶל (H400)Construct chain (genitival)אֹכֶל (H400) 'food'.
לְמַכְבִּֽירtoprep + Hiphil ptc ms · מַכְבִּיר (H4342)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorמַכְבִּיר (H4342) 'to'.
32

עַל כַּפַּ֥יִם כִּסָּה א֑וֹר וַיְצַ֖ו עָלֶ֣יהָ בְמַפְגִּֽיעַ

With clouds he covereth the light; and commandeth it by that cometh betwixt.

Qatal — perfective or stative predicationasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Qatal — perfective or stative predication. Lead predicate is 'it covers'.
Word-by-word analysis· 7 words
עַלonprep · עַל (H5921)Particle or relational elementעַל (H5921) 'on'.
כַּפַּ֥יִםa pan ofN c · כַּף (H3709)Construct chain (genitival)כַּף (H3709) 'a pan of'.
כִּסָּהit coversPiel perf 3ms · כָּסָה (H3680)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actכָּסָה (H3680) 'it covers'.
א֑וֹרlightN c · אוֹר (H216)Construct chain (genitival)אוֹר (H216) 'light'.
וַיְצַ֖וand he commandedconj וְ + Piel wayyiqtol 3ms · צִוָּה (H6680)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceצִוָּה (H6680) 'and he commanded'.
עָלֶ֣יהָon itprep + sfx 3fs · עַל (H5921)Particle or relational elementעַל (H5921) 'on it'.
בְמַפְגִּֽיעַand it touchedprep + Hiphil ptc ms · פָּגַע (H6293)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorפָּגַע (H6293) 'and it touched'.
33

יַגִּ֣יד עָלָ֣יו רֵע֑וֹ מִ֝קְנֶ֗ה אַ֣ף עַל עוֹלֶֽה

The noise thereof sheweth concerning it, the cattle also concerning the vapour.

Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-orientedasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'he testifies'. Closes the chapter.
Word-by-word analysis· 7 words
יַגִּ֣ידhe testifiesHiphil impf 3ms · נָגַד (H5046)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalנָגַד (H5046) 'he testifies'.
עָלָ֣יוon itprep + sfx 3ms · עַל (H5921)Particle or relational elementעַל (H5921) 'on it'.
רֵע֑וֹaloudN c · רֵעַ (H7452)Construct chain (genitival)רֵעַ (H7452) 'aloud'.
מִ֝קְנֶ֗הlivestockN c · מִקְנֶה (H4735)Construct chain (genitival)מִקְנֶה (H4735) 'livestock'.
אַ֣ףalsoparticle · אַף (H637)Particle or relational elementאַף (H637) 'also'.
עַלonprep · עַל (H5921)Particle or relational elementעַל (H5921) 'on'.
עוֹלֶֽהand he went upQal ptc ms · עָלָה (H5927)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorעָלָה (H5927) 'and he went up'.