Hebrew Text · Translation · Interlinear · Discourse Structure

The Book of Job, Chapter 37איוב 37

Each verse opens with the running Hebrew, an English translation, and a discourse note (its connective, relation, and role in the argument). Below follows the word-by-word breakdown in six tiers: gloss, case/state or parsing, syntax, semantic force, and a lexical note.

Case Nominative Genitive Dative Accusative Vocative Verb (no case) Indeclinable

Discourse notes head each verse: relation · connective · clause-flow. Indentation marks prominence — flush-left = main line of argument; indented = supporting / subordinate material.

Theme

Job 37 (24 verses in the MT) opens: At this also my heart trembleth, and is moved out of his place. The middle of the chapter continues: He causeth it to come, whether for correction, or for his land, or for mercy. It closes: Men do therefore fear him: he respecteth not any wise of heart.

Translation & textual notes

The Hebrew base text here follows the Masoretic Text in the Leningrad tradition as represented by the Westminster Leningrad Codex / MorphHB diplomatic stream imported from OSHB; distinctively copyrighted apparatus from BHS or BHQ is not reproduced. Job 37 comprises 24 verses in MT order. Movement I (vv. 1-5) — At this also my heart trembleth, and is moved out of his place. At this also my heart trembleth, and is moved out of his place. Hear attentively the noise of his voice, and the sound goeth out of his mouth. He directeth it under the whole heaven, and his lightning to the ends of the earth. After it a voice roareth: he thundereth with the voice of his excellency; and he will not stay them when his voice is heard. God. Movement II (vv. 6-10) — For he says to the snow, Be you the earth; likewise to the small rain, a. For he says to the snow, Be you the earth; likewise to the small rain, and to the great rain of his strength. He sealeth up the hand of every man; that all men may know his work. Then the beasts go into dens, and remain in their places. Out of the south cometh the whirlwind: and cold out of the north. By the breath of God frost is given: and the breadth of. Movement III (vv. 11-15) — Also by watering he wearieth the thick cloud: he scattereth his bright c. Also by watering he wearieth the thick cloud: he scattereth his bright cloud: And it is turned round about by his counsels: that they may do whatsoever he commandeth them upon the face of the world in the earth. He causeth it to come, whether for correction, or for his land, or for mercy. Hearken to this, O Job: stand still, and consider the wondrous works. Movement IV (vv. 16-20) — Dost you know the balancings of the clouds, the wondrous works of him wh. Dost you know the balancings of the clouds, the wondrous works of him which is perfect in knowledge? How your garments warm, when he quieteth the earth by the south ? Hast you with him spread out the sky, strong, as a molten looking glass? Teach us what we shall say to him; we cannot order by reason of darkness. Shall it be told him that I speak? if a man. Movement V (vv. 21-24) — And now see not the bright light which in the clouds: but the wind passe. And now see not the bright light which in the clouds: but the wind passeth, and cleanseth them. Fair weather cometh out of the north: with God terrible majesty. the Almighty, we cannot find him out: excellent in power, and in judgment, and in plenty of justice: he will not afflict. Men do therefore fear him: he respecteth not any wise of heart. Where English printed Bibles divide verses differently, this annotation follows MT versification throughout.

1

אַף לְ֭זֹאת יֶחֱרַ֣ד לִבִּ֑י וְ֝יִתַּ֗ר מִמְּקוֹמֽוֹ

At this also my heart trembleth, and is moved out of his place.

Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-orientedasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'and ... trembled'. Opens the chapter.
Word-by-word analysis· 6 words
אַףalsoparticle · אַף (H637)Particle or relational elementאַף (H637) 'also'.
לְ֭זֹאתto thisprep + dem. pron xfs · זֹאת (H2063)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)זֹאת (H2063) 'to this'.
יֶחֱרַ֣דand ... trembledQal impf 3ms · חָרַד (H2729)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalחָרַד (H2729) 'and ... trembled'.
לִבִּ֑יmy heartN c · לֵב (H3820)Construct chain (genitival)לֵב (H3820) 'my heart'.
וְ֝יִתַּ֗רto leapconj וְ + Qal impf 3ms · נָתַר (H5425)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalנָתַר (H5425) 'to leap'.
מִמְּקוֹמֽוֹfrom its placeprep + N com m sg constr + sfx 3ms · מָקוֹם (H4725)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מָקוֹם (H4725) 'from its place'.
2

שִׁמְע֤וּ שָׁמ֣וֹעַ בְּרֹ֣גֶז קֹל֑וֹ וְ֝הֶ֗גֶה מִפִּ֥יו יֵצֵֽא

Hear attentively the noise of his voice, and the sound goeth out of his mouth.

Imperative — volitional addressasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Imperative — volitional address. Lead predicate is 'his hearing'.
Word-by-word analysis· 7 words
שִׁמְע֤וּhis hearingQal impv 2mp · שָׁמַע (H8085)Predicate verb (imperative)→ Volitional: imperativeשָׁמַע (H8085) 'his hearing'.
שָׁמ֣וֹעַdiligentlyQal inf abs · שָׁמַע (H8085)Infinitive absolute→ Infinitive absolute: emphasis or attendant actionשָׁמַע (H8085) 'diligently'.
בְּרֹ֣גֶזandprep + N com m sg constr · רֹגֶז (H7267)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)רֹגֶז (H7267) 'and'.
קֹל֑וֹhis voiceN c · קוֹל (H6963)Construct chain (genitival)קוֹל (H6963) 'his voice'.
וְ֝הֶ֗גֶהandconj וְ + N com m sg abs · הֶגֶה (H1899)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)הֶגֶה (H1899) 'and'.
מִפִּ֥יוfrom his mouthprep + N com m sg constr + sfx 3ms · פֶּה (H6310)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)פֶּה (H6310) 'from his mouth'.
יֵצֵֽאone going out (to)Qal impf 3ms · יָצָא (H3318)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalיָצָא (H3318) 'one going out (to)'.
3

תַּֽחַת כָּל הַשָּׁמַ֥יִם יִשְׁרֵ֑הוּ וְ֝אוֹר֗וֹ עַל כַּנְפ֥וֹת הָאָֽרֶץ

He directeth it under the whole heaven, and his lightning to the ends of the earth.

Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-orientedasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'it will be right/pleasing'.
Word-by-word analysis· 8 words
תַּֽחַתunderprep · תַּחַת (H8478)Particle or relational elementתַּחַת (H8478) 'under'.
כָּלallN c · כֹּל (H3605)Construct chain (genitival)כֹּל (H3605) 'all'.
הַשָּׁמַ֥יִםthe heavensart + N com m pl abs · שָׁמַיִם (H8064)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שָׁמַיִם (H8064) 'the heavens'.
יִשְׁרֵ֑הוּit will be right/pleasingQal impf 3ms + sfx 3ms · יָשַׁר (H3474)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalיָשַׁר (H3474) 'it will be right/pleasing'.
וְ֝אוֹר֗וֹlightconj וְ + N com c sg constr + sfx 3ms · אוֹר (H216)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אוֹר (H216) 'light'.
עַלonprep · עַל (H5921)Particle or relational elementעַל (H5921) 'on'.
כַּנְפ֥וֹתcorners ofN c · כָּנָף (H3671)Construct chain (genitival)כָּנָף (H3671) 'corners of'.
הָאָֽרֶץthe landart + N com c sg abs · אֶרֶץ (H776)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֶרֶץ (H776) 'the land'.
4

אַחֲרָ֤יו יִשְׁאַג ק֗וֹל יַ֭רְעֵם בְּק֣וֹל גְּאוֹנ֑וֹ וְלֹ֥א יְ֝עַקְּבֵ֗ם כִּֽי יִשָּׁמַ֥ע קוֹלֽוֹ

After it a voice roareth: he thundereth with the voice of his excellency; and he will not stay them when his voice is heard.

Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-orientedasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'roar'.
Word-by-word analysis· 11 words
אַחֲרָ֤יוafter himprep + sfx 3ms · אַחַר (H310)Particle or relational elementאַחַר (H310) 'after him'.
יִשְׁאַגroarQal impf 3ms · שָׁאַג (H7580)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalשָׁאַג (H7580) 'roar'.
ק֗וֹלthe sound ofN c · קוֹל (H6963)Construct chain (genitival)קוֹל (H6963) 'the sound of'.
יַ֭רְעֵםmake to fretHiphil impf 3ms · רָעַם (H7481)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalרָעַם (H7481) 'make to fret'.
בְּק֣וֹלto the voice ofprep + N com m sg constr · קוֹל (H6963)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)קוֹל (H6963) 'to the voice of'.
גְּאוֹנ֑וֹyour majestyN c · גָּאוֹן (H1347)Construct chain (genitival)גָּאוֹן (H1347) 'your majesty'.
וְלֹ֥אand notconj וְ + neg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'and not'.
יְ֝עַקְּבֵ֗םand he supplanted mePiel impf 3ms + sfx 3mp · עָקַב (H6117)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalעָקַב (H6117) 'and he supplanted me'.
כִּֽיforconj וְ · כִּי (H3588)Particle or relational elementכִּי (H3588) 'for'.
יִשָּׁמַ֥עwill listen/obeyN · שָׁמַע (H8085)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שָׁמַע (H8085) 'will listen/obey'.
קוֹלֽוֹits soundN c · קוֹל (H6963)Construct chain (genitival)קוֹל (H6963) 'its sound'.
5

יַרְעֵ֤ם אֵ֣ל בְּ֭קוֹלוֹ נִפְלָא֑וֹת עֹשֶׂ֥ה גְ֝דֹל֗וֹת וְלֹ֣א נֵדָֽע

God thundereth marvellously with his voice; great things doeth he, which we cannot comprehend.

Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-orientedasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'make to fret'.
Word-by-word analysis· 8 words
יַרְעֵ֤םmake to fretHiphil impf 3ms · רָעַם (H7481)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalרָעַם (H7481) 'make to fret'.
אֵ֣לGodN c · אֵל (H410)Construct chain (genitival)אֵל (H410) 'God'.
בְּ֭קוֹלוֹto the voice ofprep + N com m sg constr + sfx 3ms · קוֹל (H6963)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)קוֹל (H6963) 'to the voice of'.
נִפְלָא֑וֹתwondersN · פָּלָא (H6381)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)פָּלָא (H6381) 'wonders'.
עֹשֶׂ֥הhe didQal ptc ms · עָשָׂה (H6213)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorעָשָׂה (H6213) 'he did'.
גְ֝דֹל֗וֹתgreatAdj · גָּדוֹל (H1419)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)גָּדוֹל (H1419) 'great'.
וְלֹ֣אand notconj וְ + neg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'and not'.
נֵדָֽעshall we knowQal impf 1cp · יָדַע (H3045)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalיָדַע (H3045) 'shall we know'.
6

כִּ֤י לַשֶּׁ֨לַג יֹאמַ֗ר הֱוֵ֫א אָ֥רֶץ וְגֶ֥שֶׁם מָטָ֑ר וְ֝גֶ֗שֶׁם מִטְר֥וֹת עֻזּֽוֹ

For he says to the snow, Be you the earth; likewise to the small rain, and to the great rain of his strength.

Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented
kî-clause (causal, recitative, or evidential). Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'he says'. Speech formula or quoted address.
Word-by-word analysis· 10 words
כִּ֤יforconj וְ · כִּי (H3588)Particle or relational elementכִּי (H3588) 'for'.
לַשֶּׁ֨לַגlike snowprep + art + N com m sg abs · שֶׁלֶג (H7950)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שֶׁלֶג (H7950) 'like snow'.
יֹאמַ֗רhe saysQal impf 3ms · אָמַר (H559)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalאָמַר (H559) 'he says'.
הֱוֵ֫אbeQal impv 2ms · הָיָה (H1933)Predicate verb (imperative)→ Volitional: imperativeהָיָה (H1933) 'be'.
אָ֥רֶץthe land ofN c · אֶרֶץ (H776)Construct chain (genitival)אֶרֶץ (H776) 'the land of'.
וְגֶ֥שֶׁםthe rainconj וְ + N com m sg constr · גֶּשֶׁם (H1653)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)גֶּשֶׁם (H1653) 'the rain'.
מָטָ֑רthe rain ofN c · מָטָר (H4306)Construct chain (genitival)מָטָר (H4306) 'the rain of'.
וְ֝גֶ֗שֶׁםthe rainconj וְ + N com m sg constr · גֶּשֶׁם (H1653)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)גֶּשֶׁם (H1653) 'the rain'.
מִטְר֥וֹתthe rain ofN c · מָטָר (H4306)Construct chain (genitival)מָטָר (H4306) 'the rain of'.
עֻזּֽוֹstrengthN c · עֹז (H5797)Construct chain (genitival)עֹז (H5797) 'strength'.
7

בְּיַד כָּל אָדָ֥ם יַחְתּ֑וֹם לָ֝דַ֗עַת כָּל אַנְשֵׁ֥י מַעֲשֵֽׂהוּ

He sealeth up the hand of every man; that all men may know his work.

Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-orientedasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'sealed'.
Word-by-word analysis· 8 words
בְּיַדby the hand ofprep + N com c sg constr · יָד (H3027)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יָד (H3027) 'by the hand of'.
כָּלallN c · כֹּל (H3605)Construct chain (genitival)כֹּל (H3605) 'all'.
אָדָ֥םmanN c · אָדָם (H120)Construct chain (genitival)אָדָם (H120) 'man'.
יַחְתּ֑וֹםsealedQal impf 3ms · חָתַם (H2856)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalחָתַם (H2856) 'sealed'.
לָ֝דַ֗עַתto knowprep + Qal inf constr · יָדַע (H3045)Infinitive construct→ Infinitive construct: purpose, result, or complementיָדַע (H3045) 'to know'.
כָּלallN c · כֹּל (H3605)Construct chain (genitival)כֹּל (H3605) 'all'.
אַנְשֵׁ֥יthe men ofN c · אִישׁ (H376)Construct chain (genitival)אִישׁ (H376) 'the men of'.
מַעֲשֵֽׂהוּthe work ofN c · מַעֲשֶׂה (H4639)Construct chain (genitival)מַעֲשֶׂה (H4639) 'the work of'.
8

וַתָּבֹ֣א חַיָּ֣ה בְמוֹ אָ֑רֶב וּבִמְע֖וֹנֹתֶ֣יהָ תִשְׁכֹּֽן

Then the beasts go into dens, and remain in their places.

Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action. Lead predicate is 'and she came'.
Word-by-word analysis· 6 words
וַתָּבֹ֣אand she cameconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3fs · בּוֹא (H935)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceבּוֹא (H935) 'and she came'.
חַיָּ֣הlivingN c · חַי (H2416)Construct chain (genitival)חַי (H2416) 'living'.
בְמוֹwithprep · בְּמוֹ (H1119)Particle or relational elementבְּמוֹ (H1119) 'with'.
אָ֑רֶבdenN c · אֶרֶב (H695)Construct chain (genitival)אֶרֶב (H695) 'den'.
וּבִמְע֖וֹנֹתֶ֣יהָa dwelling placeconj וְ + prep + N com c pl constr + sfx 3fs · מְעוֹנָה (H4585)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מְעוֹנָה (H4585) 'a dwelling place'.
תִשְׁכֹּֽןto make dwellQal impf 3fs · שָׁכַן (H7931)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalשָׁכַן (H7931) 'to make dwell'.
9

מִן הַ֭חֶדֶר תָּב֣וֹא סוּפָ֑ה וּֽמִמְּזָרִ֥ים קָרָֽה

Out of the south cometh the whirlwind: and cold out of the north.

Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-orientedasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'you come'.
Word-by-word analysis· 6 words
מִןfromprep · מִן (H4480)Particle or relational elementמִן (H4480) 'from'.
הַ֭חֶדֶרin the chamber ofart + N com m sg abs · חֶדֶר (H2315)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)חֶדֶר (H2315) 'in the chamber of'.
תָּב֣וֹאyou comeQal impf 3fs · בּוֹא (H935)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalבּוֹא (H935) 'you come'.
סוּפָ֑הin SuphahN c · סוּפָה (H5492)Construct chain (genitival)סוּפָה (H5492) 'in Suphah'.
וּֽמִמְּזָרִ֥יםandconj וְ + prep + N com m pl abs · מְזָרֶה (H4215)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מְזָרֶה (H4215) 'and'.
קָרָֽהcoldN c · קָרָה (H7135)Construct chain (genitival)קָרָה (H7135) 'cold'.
10

מִנִּשְׁמַת אֵ֥ל יִתֶּן קָ֑רַח וְרֹ֖חַב מַ֣יִם בְּמוּצָֽק

By the breath of God frost is given: and the breadth of the waters is straitened.

Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-orientedasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'would give'.
Word-by-word analysis· 7 words
מִנִּשְׁמַתbreathing thingprep + N com f sg constr · נְשָׁמָה (H5397)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)נְשָׁמָה (H5397) 'breathing thing'.
אֵ֥לGodN c · אֵל (H410)Construct chain (genitival)אֵל (H410) 'God'.
יִתֶּןwould giveQal impf 3ms · נָתַן (H5414)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalנָתַן (H5414) 'would give'.
קָ֑רַחand the frostN c · קֶרַח (H7140)Construct chain (genitival)קֶרַח (H7140) 'and the frost'.
וְרֹ֖חַבand the width ofconj וְ + N com m sg constr · רֹחַב (H7341)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)רֹחַב (H7341) 'and the width of'.
מַ֣יִםwaterN c · מַיִם (H4325)Construct chain (genitival)מַיִם (H4325) 'water'.
בְּמוּצָֽקanguishprep + N com m sg abs · מוּצַק (H4164)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מוּצַק (H4164) 'anguish'.
11

אַף בְּ֭רִי יַטְרִ֣יחַ עָ֑ב יָ֝פִ֗יץ עֲנַ֣ן אוֹרֽוֹ

Also by watering he wearieth the thick cloud: he scattereth his bright cloud:

Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-orientedasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'weary'.
Word-by-word analysis· 7 words
אַףalsoparticle · אַף (H637)Particle or relational elementאַף (H637) 'also'.
בְּ֭רִיinprep + N com m sg abs · רִי (H7377)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)רִי (H7377) 'in'.
יַטְרִ֣יחַwearyHiphil impf 3ms · טָרַח (H2959)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalטָרַח (H2959) 'weary'.
עָ֑בin the thickness ofN c · עָב (H5645)Construct chain (genitival)עָב (H5645) 'in the thickness of'.
יָ֝פִ֗יץand let be scatteredHiphil impf 3ms · פוּץ (H6327)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalפוּץ (H6327) 'and let be scattered'.
עֲנַ֣ןcloudN c · עָנָן (H6051)Construct chain (genitival)עָנָן (H6051) 'cloud'.
אוֹרֽוֹlightN c · אוֹר (H216)Construct chain (genitival)אוֹר (H216) 'light'.
12

וְה֤וּא מְסִבּ֨וֹת מִתְהַפֵּ֣ךְ בתחבולתו בְּתַחְבּוּלֹתָ֣יו לְפָעֳלָ֑ם כֹּ֖ל אֲשֶׁ֥ר יְצַוֵּ֓ם עַל פְּנֵ֖י תֵבֵ֣ל אָֽרְצָה

And it is turned round about by his counsels: that they may do whatsoever he commandeth them upon the face of the world in the earth.

Participle — attendant circumstance or substantival actor
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Participle — attendant circumstance or substantival actor. Lead predicate is 'has turned'.
Word-by-word analysis· 13 words
וְה֤וּאand heconj וְ + pron 3ms · הִיא (H1931)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)הִיא (H1931) 'and he'.
מְסִבּ֨וֹתthat compass aboutN c · מֵסַב (H4524)Construct chain (genitival)מֵסַב (H4524) 'that compass about'.
מִתְהַפֵּ֣ךְhas turnedHithpael ptc ms · הָפַךְ (H2015)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorהָפַךְ (H2015) 'has turned'.
בתחבולתוinprep + N com f sg constr + sfx 3ms · תַּחְבֻּלָה (H8458)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)תַּחְבֻּלָה (H8458) 'in'.
בְּתַחְבּוּלֹתָ֣יוinprep + N com f pl constr + sfx 3ms · תַּחְבֻּלָה (H8458)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)תַּחְבֻּלָה (H8458) 'in'.
לְפָעֳלָ֑םhis workprep + Qal inf constr + sfx 3mp · פֹּעַל (H6467)Infinitive construct→ Infinitive construct: purpose, result, or complementפֹּעַל (H6467) 'his work'.
כֹּ֖לallN c · כֹּל (H3605)Construct chain (genitival)כֹּל (H3605) 'all'.
אֲשֶׁ֥רthatrel. שֶׁ · אֲשֶׁר (H834)Particle or relational elementאֲשֶׁר (H834) 'that'.
יְצַוֵּ֓םcommandedPiel impf 3ms + sfx 3mp · צִוָּה (H6680)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalצִוָּה (H6680) 'commanded'.
עַלonprep · עַל (H5921)Particle or relational elementעַל (H5921) 'on'.
פְּנֵ֖יthe face ofN c · פָּנִים (H6440)Construct chain (genitival)פָּנִים (H6440) 'the face of'.
תֵבֵ֣לhabitable partN c · תֵּבֵל (H8398)Construct chain (genitival)תֵּבֵל (H8398) 'habitable part'.
אָֽרְצָהto the groundN c · אֶרֶץ (H776)Construct chain (genitival)אֶרֶץ (H776) 'to the ground'.
13

אִם לְשֵׁ֥בֶט אִם לְאַרְצ֑וֹ אִם לְ֝חֶ֗סֶד יַמְצִאֵֽהוּ

He causeth it to come, whether for correction, or for his land, or for mercy.

Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-orientedʼim
Conditional ʼim. Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'he found him'.
Word-by-word analysis· 7 words
אִםifconj וְ · אִם (H518)Particle or relational elementאִם (H518) 'if'.
לְשֵׁ֥בֶטper/for the tribeprep + N com m sg abs · שֵׁבֶט (H7626)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שֵׁבֶט (H7626) 'per/for the tribe'.
אִםifconj וְ · אִם (H518)Particle or relational elementאִם (H518) 'if'.
לְאַרְצ֑וֹthe landprep + N com c sg constr + sfx 3ms · אֶרֶץ (H776)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֶרֶץ (H776) 'the land'.
אִםifconj וְ · אִם (H518)Particle or relational elementאִם (H518) 'if'.
לְ֝חֶ֗סֶדkindnessprep + N com m sg abs · חֶסֶד (H2617)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)חֶסֶד (H2617) 'kindness'.
יַמְצִאֵֽהוּhe found himHiphil impf 3ms + sfx 3ms · מָצָא (H4672)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalמָצָא (H4672) 'he found him'.
14

הַאֲזִ֣ינָה זֹּ֣את אִיּ֑וֹב עֲ֝מֹ֗ד וְהִתְבּוֹנֵ֤ן נִפְלְא֬וֹת אֵֽל

Hearken to this, O Job: stand still, and consider the wondrous works of God.

Imperative — volitional addressasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Imperative — volitional address. Lead predicate is 'give ear'.
Word-by-word analysis· 7 words
הַאֲזִ֣ינָהgive earHiphil impv 2ms + Sh · אָזַן (H238)Predicate verb (imperative)→ Volitional: imperativeאָזַן (H238) 'give ear'.
זֹּ֣אתthisdem. pron xfs · זֹאת (H2063)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)זֹאת (H2063) 'this'.
אִיּ֑וֹבJobN · אִיּוֹב (H347)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אִיּוֹב (H347) 'Job'.
עֲ֝מֹ֗דstandingQal impv 2ms · עָמַד (H5975)Predicate verb (imperative)→ Volitional: imperativeעָמַד (H5975) 'standing'.
וְהִתְבּוֹנֵ֤ןdiscerningconj וְ + Hithpolel impv 2ms · בִּין (H995)Predicate verb (imperative)→ Volitional: imperativeבִּין (H995) 'discerning'.
נִפְלְא֬וֹתwondersN · פָּלָא (H6381)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)פָּלָא (H6381) 'wonders'.
אֵֽלGodN c · אֵל (H410)Construct chain (genitival)אֵל (H410) 'God'.
15

הֲ֭תֵדַע בְּשׂוּם אֱל֣וֹהַּ עֲלֵיהֶ֑ם וְ֝הוֹפִ֗יעַ א֣וֹר עֲנָנֽוֹ

Dost you know when God disposed them, and caused the light of his cloud to shine?

Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-orientedasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'I know'.
Word-by-word analysis· 7 words
הֲ֭תֵדַעI knowinterrog. + Qal impf 2ms · יָדַע (H3045)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalיָדַע (H3045) 'I know'.
בְּשׂוּםand he setprep + Qal inf constr · שִׂים (H7760)Infinitive construct→ Infinitive construct: purpose, result, or complementשִׂים (H7760) 'and he set'.
אֱל֣וֹהַּGodN c · אֱלוֹהַּ (H433)Construct chain (genitival)אֱלוֹהַּ (H433) 'God'.
עֲלֵיהֶ֑םupon themprep + sfx 3mp · עַל (H5921)Particle or relational elementעַל (H5921) 'upon them'.
וְ֝הוֹפִ֗יעַhe shone forthconj וְ + Hiphil perf 3ms · יָפַע (H3313)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actיָפַע (H3313) 'he shone forth'.
א֣וֹרlightN c · אוֹר (H216)Construct chain (genitival)אוֹר (H216) 'light'.
עֲנָנֽוֹthe cloudN c · עָנָן (H6051)Construct chain (genitival)עָנָן (H6051) 'the cloud'.
16

הֲ֭תֵדַע עַל מִפְלְשֵׂי עָ֑ב מִ֝פְלְא֗וֹת תְּמִ֣ים דֵּעִֽים

Dost you know the balancings of the clouds, the wondrous works of him which is perfect in knowledge?

Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-orientedasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'I know'.
Word-by-word analysis· 7 words
הֲ֭תֵדַעI knowinterrog. + Qal impf 2ms · יָדַע (H3045)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalיָדַע (H3045) 'I know'.
עַלonprep · עַל (H5921)Particle or relational elementעַל (H5921) 'on'.
מִפְלְשֵׂיbalancingN c · מִפְלָשׂ (H4657)Construct chain (genitival)מִפְלָשׂ (H4657) 'balancing'.
עָ֑בin the thickness ofN c · עָב (H5645)Construct chain (genitival)עָב (H5645) 'in the thickness of'.
מִ֝פְלְא֗וֹתwondrous workN c · מִפְלָאָה (H4652)Construct chain (genitival)מִפְלָאָה (H4652) 'wondrous work'.
תְּמִ֣יםwithout blemishAdj · תָּמִים (H8549)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)תָּמִים (H8549) 'without blemish'.
דֵּעִֽיםknowledgeN c · דֵּעַ (H1843)Construct chain (genitival)דֵּעַ (H1843) 'knowledge'.
17

אֲשֶׁר בְּגָדֶ֥יךָ חַמִּ֑ים בְּהַשְׁקִ֥ט אֶ֝֗רֶץ מִדָּרֽוֹם

How your garments warm, when he quieteth the earth by the south ?

Infinitive construct — purpose, result, or complementasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Infinitive construct — purpose, result, or complement. Lead predicate is 'and it had rest'.
Word-by-word analysis· 6 words
אֲשֶׁרthatrel. שֶׁ · אֲשֶׁר (H834)Particle or relational elementאֲשֶׁר (H834) 'that'.
בְּגָדֶ֥יךָhis garmentsN c · בֶּגֶד (H899)Construct chain (genitival)בֶּגֶד (H899) 'his garments'.
חַמִּ֑יםhotAdj · חַם (H2525)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)חַם (H2525) 'hot'.
בְּהַשְׁקִ֥טand it had restprep + Hiphil inf constr · שָׁקַט (H8252)Infinitive construct→ Infinitive construct: purpose, result, or complementשָׁקַט (H8252) 'and it had rest'.
אֶ֝֗רֶץthe land ofN c · אֶרֶץ (H776)Construct chain (genitival)אֶרֶץ (H776) 'the land of'.
מִדָּרֽוֹםand the southprep + N com m sg abs · דָּרוֹם (H1864)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)דָּרוֹם (H1864) 'and the south'.
18

תַּרְקִ֣יעַ עִ֭מּוֹ לִשְׁחָקִ֑ים חֲ֝זָקִ֗ים כִּרְאִ֥י מוּצָֽק

Hast you with him spread out the sky, strong, as a molten looking glass?

Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'and they hammered out'.
Word-by-word analysis· 6 words
תַּרְקִ֣יעַand they hammered outHiphil impf 2ms · רָקַע (H7554)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalרָקַע (H7554) 'and they hammered out'.
עִ֭מּוֹwith himprep + sfx 3ms · עִם (H5973)Particle or relational elementעִם (H5973) 'with him'.
לִשְׁחָקִ֑יםthe cloudsprep + N com m pl abs · שַׁחַק (H7834)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שַׁחַק (H7834) 'the clouds'.
חֲ֝זָקִ֗יםstrongAdj · חָזָק (H2389)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)חָזָק (H2389) 'strong'.
כִּרְאִ֥יas / likeprep + N com m sg abs · רְאִי (H7209)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)רְאִי (H7209) 'as / like'.
מוּצָֽקand he castHophal ptc ms · יָצַק (H3332)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorיָצַק (H3332) 'and he cast'.
19

ה֭וֹדִיעֵנוּ מַה נֹּ֣אמַר ל֑וֹ לֹ֥א נַ֝עֲרֹ֗ךְ מִפְּנֵי חֹֽשֶׁךְ

Teach us what we shall say to him; we cannot order by reason of darkness.

Imperative — volitional addressasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Imperative — volitional address. Lead predicate is 'I know'.
Word-by-word analysis· 8 words
ה֭וֹדִיעֵנוּI knowHiphil impv 2ms + sfx 1cp · יָדַע (H3045)Predicate verb (imperative)→ Volitional: imperativeיָדַע (H3045) 'I know'.
מַהwhatinterrog. · מָה (H4100)Particle or relational elementמָה (H4100) 'what'.
נֹּ֣אמַרshall we sayQal impf 1cp · אָמַר (H559)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalאָמַר (H559) 'shall we say'.
ל֑וֹto himprep + sfx 3msParticle or relational elementFunction word: 'to him'.
לֹ֥אnotneg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'not'.
נַ֝עֲרֹ֗ךְand he arrangedQal impf 1cp · עָרַךְ (H6186)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalעָרַךְ (H6186) 'and he arranged'.
מִפְּנֵיbecause ofprep + N com c pl constr · פָּנִים (H6440)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)פָּנִים (H6440) 'because of'.
חֹֽשֶׁךְdarknessN c · חֹשֶׁךְ (H2822)Construct chain (genitival)חֹשֶׁךְ (H2822) 'darkness'.
20

הַֽיְסֻפַּר ל֭וֹ כִּ֣י אֲדַבֵּ֑ר אִֽם אָ֥מַר אִ֝֗ישׁ כִּ֣י יְבֻלָּֽע

Shall it be told him that I speak? if a man speak, surely he shall be swallowed up.

Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'and he recounted'. Speech formula or quoted address.
Word-by-word analysis· 9 words
הַֽיְסֻפַּרand he recountedinterrog. + Pual impf 3ms · סָפַר (H5608)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalסָפַר (H5608) 'and he recounted'.
ל֭וֹto himprep + sfx 3msParticle or relational elementFunction word: 'to him'.
כִּ֣יforconj וְ · כִּי (H3588)Particle or relational elementכִּי (H3588) 'for'.
אֲדַבֵּ֑רI speakPiel impf 1cs · דִּבֶּר (H1696)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalדִּבֶּר (H1696) 'I speak'.
אִֽםifconj וְ · אִם (H518)Particle or relational elementאִם (H518) 'if'.
אָ֥מַרhe saidQal perf 3ms · אָמַר (H559)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actאָמַר (H559) 'he said'.
אִ֝֗ישׁa manN c · אִישׁ (H376)Construct chain (genitival)אִישׁ (H376) 'a man'.
כִּ֣יforconj וְ · כִּי (H3588)Particle or relational elementכִּי (H3588) 'for'.
יְבֻלָּֽעand it swallowedPual impf 3ms · בָּלַע (H1104)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalבָּלַע (H1104) 'and it swallowed'.
21

וְעַתָּ֤ה לֹ֘א רָ֤אוּ א֗וֹר בָּהִ֣יר ה֭וּא בַּשְּׁחָקִ֑ים וְר֥וּחַ עָ֝בְרָ֗ה וַֽתְּטַהֲרֵֽם

And now see not the bright light which in the clouds: but the wind passeth, and cleanseth them.

Qatal — perfective or stative predication
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Qatal — perfective or stative predication. Lead predicate is 'saw'.
Word-by-word analysis· 10 words
וְעַתָּ֤הand nowconj וְ + art · עַתָּה (H6258)Particle or relational elementעַתָּה (H6258) 'and now'.
לֹ֘אnotneg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'not'.
רָ֤אוּsawQal perf 3cp · רָאָה (H7200)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actרָאָה (H7200) 'saw'.
א֗וֹרlightN c · אוֹר (H216)Construct chain (genitival)אוֹר (H216) 'light'.
בָּהִ֣ירbrightAdj · בָּהִיר (H925)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)בָּהִיר (H925) 'bright'.
ה֭וּאhepron 3ms · הִיא (H1931)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)הִיא (H1931) 'he'.
בַּשְּׁחָקִ֑יםthe cloudsprep + art + N com m pl abs · שַׁחַק (H7834)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שַׁחַק (H7834) 'the clouds'.
וְר֥וּחַand the wind ofconj וְ + N com c sg abs · רוּחַ (H7307)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)רוּחַ (H7307) 'and the wind of'.
עָ֝בְרָ֗הare crossingQal perf 3fs · עָבַר (H5674)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actעָבַר (H5674) 'are crossing'.
וַֽתְּטַהֲרֵֽםthe one being cleansedconj וְ + Piel wayyiqtol 3fs + sfx 3mp · טָהֵר (H2891)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceטָהֵר (H2891) 'the one being cleansed'.
22

מִ֭צָּפוֹן זָהָ֣ב יֶֽאֱתֶ֑ה עַל אֱ֝ל֗וֹהַּ נ֣וֹרָא הֽוֹד

Fair weather cometh out of the north: with God terrible majesty.

Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-orientedasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'and he came'.
Word-by-word analysis· 7 words
מִ֭צָּפוֹןnorth ofprep + N com f sg abs · צָפוֹן (H6828)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)צָפוֹן (H6828) 'north of'.
זָהָ֣בgoldN c · זָהָב (H2091)Construct chain (genitival)זָהָב (H2091) 'gold'.
יֶֽאֱתֶ֑הand he cameQal impf 3ms · אָתָה (H857)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalאָתָה (H857) 'and he came'.
עַלonprep · עַל (H5921)Particle or relational elementעַל (H5921) 'on'.
אֱ֝ל֗וֹהַּGodN c · אֱלוֹהַּ (H433)Construct chain (genitival)אֱלוֹהַּ (H433) 'God'.
נ֣וֹרָאawesomeN · יָרֵא (H3372)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יָרֵא (H3372) 'awesome'.
הֽוֹדsome of your authorityN c · הוֹד (H1935)Construct chain (genitival)הוֹד (H1935) 'some of your authority'.
23

שַׁדַּ֣י לֹֽא מְ֭צָאנֻהוּ שַׂגִּיא כֹ֑חַ וּמִשְׁפָּ֥ט וְרֹב צְ֝דָקָ֗ה לֹ֣א יְעַנֶּֽה

the Almighty, we cannot find him out: excellent in power, and in judgment, and in plenty of justice: he will not afflict.

Qatal — perfective or stative predicationasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Qatal — perfective or stative predication. Lead predicate is 'I have found'.
Word-by-word analysis· 10 words
שַׁדַּ֣יShaddaiN · שַׁדַּי (H7706)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שַׁדַּי (H7706) 'Shaddai'.
לֹֽאnotneg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'not'.
מְ֭צָאנֻהוּI have foundQal perf 1cp + sfx 3ms · מָצָא (H4672)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actמָצָא (H4672) 'I have found'.
שַׂגִּיאexcellentAdj · שַׂגִּיא (H7689)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שַׂגִּיא (H7689) 'excellent'.
כֹ֑חַpowerN c · כֹּחַ (H3581)Construct chain (genitival)כֹּחַ (H3581) 'power'.
וּמִשְׁפָּ֥טand an ordinance,conj וְ + N com m sg abs · מִשְׁפָּט (H4941)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מִשְׁפָּט (H4941) 'and an ordinance,'.
וְרֹבand abundance ofconj וְ + N com c sg constr · רֹב (H7230)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)רֹב (H7230) 'and abundance of'.
צְ֝דָקָ֗הrighteousnessN c · צְדָקָה (H6666)Construct chain (genitival)צְדָקָה (H6666) 'righteousness'.
לֹ֣אnotneg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'not'.
יְעַנֶּֽהand you shall afflictPiel impf 3ms · עָנָה (H6031)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalעָנָה (H6031) 'and you shall afflict'.
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לָ֭כֵן יְרֵא֣וּהוּ אֲנָשִׁ֑ים לֹֽא יִ֝רְאֶ֗ה כָּל חַכְמֵי לֵֽב

Men do therefore fear him: he respecteth not any wise of heart.

Qatal — perfective or stative predicationasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Qatal — perfective or stative predication. Lead predicate is 'fear'. Closes the chapter.
Word-by-word analysis· 8 words
לָ֭כֵןthereforeprep + art · כֵּן (H3651)Particle or relational elementכֵּן (H3651) 'therefore'.
יְרֵא֣וּהוּfearQal perf 3cp + sfx 3ms · יָרֵא (H3372)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actיָרֵא (H3372) 'fear'.
אֲנָשִׁ֑יםmenN c · אִישׁ (H376)Construct chain (genitival)אִישׁ (H376) 'men'.
לֹֽאnotneg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'not'.
יִ֝רְאֶ֗הshall be seenQal impf 3ms · רָאָה (H7200)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalרָאָה (H7200) 'shall be seen'.
כָּלallN c · כֹּל (H3605)Construct chain (genitival)כֹּל (H3605) 'all'.
חַכְמֵיthe wise (ones) ofAdj · חָכָם (H2450)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)חָכָם (H2450) 'the wise (ones) of'.
לֵֽבthe heart ofN c · לֵב (H3820)Construct chain (genitival)לֵב (H3820) 'the heart of'.