Hebrew Text · Translation · Interlinear · Discourse Structure

The Book of Job, Chapter 29איוב 29

Each verse opens with the running Hebrew, an English translation, and a discourse note (its connective, relation, and role in the argument). Below follows the word-by-word breakdown in six tiers: gloss, case/state or parsing, syntax, semantic force, and a lexical note.

Case Nominative Genitive Dative Accusative Vocative Verb (no case) Indeclinable

Discourse notes head each verse: relation · connective · clause-flow. Indentation marks prominence — flush-left = main line of argument; indented = supporting / subordinate material.

Theme

Job 29 (25 verses in the MT) opens: Moreover Job continued his parable, and said, The middle of the chapter continues: The blessing of him that was ready to perish came upon me: and I caused the widow's heart to sing for joy. It closes: I chose out their way, and sat chief, and dwelt as a king in the army, as one comforteth the mourners.

Translation & textual notes

The Hebrew base text here follows the Masoretic Text in the Leningrad tradition as represented by the Westminster Leningrad Codex / MorphHB diplomatic stream imported from OSHB; distinctively copyrighted apparatus from BHS or BHQ is not reproduced. Job 29 comprises 25 verses in MT order. Movement I (vv. 1-5) — Moreover Job continued his parable, and said. Moreover Job continued his parable, and said, Oh that I were as months past, as the days God preserved me; When his candle shined upon my head, by his light I walked darkness; As I was in the days of my youth, when the secret of God upon my tabernacle; When the Almighty yet with me, my children about me; Movement II (vv. 6-10) — When I washed my steps with butter, and the rock poured me out rivers of. When I washed my steps with butter, and the rock poured me out rivers of oil; When I went out to the gate through the city, I prepared my seat in the street! The young men saw me, and hid themselves: and the aged arose, stood up. The princes refrained talking, and laid hand on their mouth. The nobles held their peace, and their tongue cleaved to the roof of. Movement III (vv. 11-15) — When the ear heard , then it blessed me; and when the eye saw , it gave. When the ear heard , then it blessed me; and when the eye saw , it gave witness to me: Because I delivered the poor that cried, and the fatherless, and none to help him. The blessing of him that was ready to perish came upon me: and I caused the widow's heart to sing for joy. I put on righteousness, and it clothed me: my judgment as a robe and a diadem. I. Movement IV (vv. 16-20) — I a father to the poor: and the cause I knew not I searched out. I a father to the poor: and the cause I knew not I searched out. And I brake the jaws of the wicked, and plucked the spoil out of his teeth. Then I said, I shall die in my nest, and I shall multiply days as the sand. My root spread out by the waters, and the dew lay all night upon my branch. My glory fresh in me, and my bow was renewed in my hand. Movement V (vv. 21-25) — To me gave ear, and waited, and kept silence at my counsel. To me gave ear, and waited, and kept silence at my counsel. After my words they spake not again; and my speech dropped upon them. And they waited for me as for the rain; and they opened their mouth wide for the latter rain. I laughed on them, they believed not; and the light of my countenance they cast not down. I chose out their way, and sat chief, and. Where English printed Bibles divide verses differently, this annotation follows MT versification throughout.

1

וַיֹּ֣סֶף אִ֭יּוֹב שְׂאֵ֥ת מְשָׁל֗וֹ וַיֹּאמַֽר

Moreover Job continued his parable, and said,

Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action. Lead predicate is 'then he shall add'. Opens the chapter. Speech formula or quoted address.
Word-by-word analysis· 5 words
וַיֹּ֣סֶףthen he shall addconj וְ + Hiphil wayyiqtol 3ms · יָסַף (H3254)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceיָסַף (H3254) 'then he shall add'.
אִ֭יּוֹבJobN · אִיּוֹב (H347)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אִיּוֹב (H347) 'Job'.
שְׂאֵ֥תto bearQal inf constr · נָשָׂא (H5375)Infinitive construct→ Infinitive construct: purpose, result, or complementנָשָׂא (H5375) 'to bear'.
מְשָׁל֗וֹhis oracleN c · מָשָׁל (H4912)Construct chain (genitival)מָשָׁל (H4912) 'his oracle'.
וַיֹּאמַֽרand he saidconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · אָמַר (H559)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceאָמַר (H559) 'and he said'.
2

מִֽי יִתְּנֵ֥נִי כְיַרְחֵי קֶ֑דֶם כִּ֝ימֵ֗י אֱל֣וֹהַּ יִשְׁמְרֵֽנִי

Oh that I were as months past, as the days God preserved me;

Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-orientedasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'is giving'.
Word-by-word analysis· 7 words
מִֽיwhointerrog. · מִי (H4310)Particle or relational elementמִי (H4310) 'who'.
יִתְּנֵ֥נִיis givingQal impf 3ms + sfx 1cs · נָתַן (H5414)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalנָתַן (H5414) 'is giving'.
כְיַרְחֵיa month ofprep + N com m pl constr · יֶרַח (H3391)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יֶרַח (H3391) 'a month of'.
קֶ֑דֶםthe eastN c · קֶדֶם (H6924)Construct chain (genitival)קֶדֶם (H6924) 'the east'.
כִּ֝ימֵ֗יas the days ofprep + N com m pl constr · יוֹם (H3117)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יוֹם (H3117) 'as the days of'.
אֱל֣וֹהַּGodN c · אֱלוֹהַּ (H433)Construct chain (genitival)אֱלוֹהַּ (H433) 'God'.
יִשְׁמְרֵֽנִיand you shall keepQal impf 3ms + sfx 1cs · שָׁמַר (H8104)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalשָׁמַר (H8104) 'and you shall keep'.
3

בְּהִלּ֣וֹ נֵ֭רוֹ עֲלֵ֣י רֹאשִׁ֑י לְ֝אוֹרוֹ אֵ֣לֶךְ חֹֽשֶׁךְ

When his candle shined upon my head, by his light I walked darkness;

Infinitive construct — purpose, result, or complement
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Infinitive construct — purpose, result, or complement. Lead predicate is 'and they praised'.
Word-by-word analysis· 7 words
בְּהִלּ֣וֹand they praisedprep + Hiphil inf constr + sfx 3ms · הָלַל (H1984)Infinitive construct→ Infinitive construct: purpose, result, or complementהָלַל (H1984) 'and they praised'.
נֵ֭רוֹits lampsN c · נֵר (H5216)Construct chain (genitival)נֵר (H5216) 'its lamps'.
עֲלֵ֣יagainst meprep · עַל (H5921)Particle or relational elementעַל (H5921) 'against me'.
רֹאשִׁ֑יthe heads ofN c · רֹאשׁ (H7218)Construct chain (genitival)רֹאשׁ (H7218) 'the heads of'.
לְ֝אוֹרוֹlightprep + N com c sg constr + sfx 3ms · אוֹר (H216)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אוֹר (H216) 'light'.
אֵ֣לֶךְI will goQal impf 1cs · הָלַךְ (H3212)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalהָלַךְ (H3212) 'I will go'.
חֹֽשֶׁךְdarknessN c · חֹשֶׁךְ (H2822)Construct chain (genitival)חֹשֶׁךְ (H2822) 'darkness'.
4

כַּאֲשֶׁ֣ר הָ֭יִיתִי בִּימֵ֣י חָרְפִּ֑י בְּס֥וֹד אֱ֝ל֗וֹהַּ עֲלֵ֣י אָהֳלִֽי

As I was in the days of my youth, when the secret of God upon my tabernacle;

Qatal — perfective or stative predicationasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Qatal — perfective or stative predication. Lead predicate is 'I have been'.
Word-by-word analysis· 8 words
כַּאֲשֶׁ֣רjust asprep + rel. שֶׁ · אֲשֶׁר (H834)Particle or relational elementאֲשֶׁר (H834) 'just as'.
הָ֭יִיתִיI have beenQal perf 1cs · הָיָה (H1961)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actהָיָה (H1961) 'I have been'.
בִּימֵ֣יin the days ofprep + N com m pl constr · יוֹם (H3117)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יוֹם (H3117) 'in the days of'.
חָרְפִּ֑יand winterN c · חֹרֶף (H2779)Construct chain (genitival)חֹרֶף (H2779) 'and winter'.
בְּס֥וֹדin their councilprep + N com m sg constr · סוֹד (H5475)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)סוֹד (H5475) 'in their council'.
אֱ֝ל֗וֹהַּGodN c · אֱלוֹהַּ (H433)Construct chain (genitival)אֱלוֹהַּ (H433) 'God'.
עֲלֵ֣יagainst meprep · עַל (H5921)Particle or relational elementעַל (H5921) 'against me'.
אָהֳלִֽיthe tents ofN c · אֹהֶל (H168)Construct chain (genitival)אֹהֶל (H168) 'the tents of'.
5

בְּע֣וֹד שַׁ֭דַּי עִמָּדִ֑י סְבִ֖יבוֹתַ֣י נְעָרָֽי

When the Almighty yet with me, my children about me;

Nominal or particle frameasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Nominal or particle frame.
Word-by-word analysis· 5 words
בְּע֣וֹדwithin yetprep + art · עוֹד (H5750)Particle or relational elementעוֹד (H5750) 'within yet'.
שַׁ֭דַּיShaddaiN · שַׁדַּי (H7706)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שַׁדַּי (H7706) 'Shaddai'.
עִמָּדִ֑יwith meprep + sfx 1cs · עִמָּד (H5978)Particle or relational elementעִמָּד (H5978) 'with me'.
סְבִ֖יבוֹתַ֣יall aroundN c · סָבִיב (H5439)Construct chain (genitival)סָבִיב (H5439) 'all around'.
נְעָרָֽיthe young men ofN c · נַעַר (H5288)Construct chain (genitival)נַעַר (H5288) 'the young men of'.
6

בִּרְחֹ֣ץ הֲלִיכַ֣י בְּחֵמָ֑ה וְצ֥וּר יָצ֥וּק עִ֝מָּדִ֗י פַּלְגֵי שָֽׁמֶן

When I washed my steps with butter, and the rock poured me out rivers of oil;

Infinitive construct — purpose, result, or complement
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Infinitive construct — purpose, result, or complement. Lead predicate is 'and he shall bathe'.
Word-by-word analysis· 8 words
בִּרְחֹ֣ץand he shall batheprep + Qal inf constr · רָחַץ (H7364)Infinitive construct→ Infinitive construct: purpose, result, or complementרָחַץ (H7364) 'and he shall bathe'.
הֲלִיכַ֣יstepN c · הָלִיךְ (H1978)Construct chain (genitival)הָלִיךְ (H1978) 'step'.
בְּחֵמָ֑הcurdsprep + N com f sg abs · חֶמְאָה (H2529)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)חֶמְאָה (H2529) 'curds'.
וְצ֥וּרthe rockconj וְ + N com m sg abs · צוּר (H6697)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)צוּר (H6697) 'the rock'.
יָצ֥וּקbe moltenQal impf 3ms · צוּק (H6694)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalצוּק (H6694) 'be molten'.
עִ֝מָּדִ֗יwith meprep + sfx 1cs · עִמָּד (H5978)Particle or relational elementעִמָּד (H5978) 'with me'.
פַּלְגֵיriverN c · פֶּלֶג (H6388)Construct chain (genitival)פֶּלֶג (H6388) 'river'.
שָֽׁמֶןthe oil ofN c · שֶׁמֶן (H8081)Construct chain (genitival)שֶׁמֶן (H8081) 'the oil of'.
7

בְּצֵ֣אתִי שַׁ֣עַר עֲלֵי קָ֑רֶת בָּ֝רְח֗וֹב אָכִ֥ין מוֹשָׁבִֽי

When I went out to the gate through the city, I prepared my seat in the street!

Infinitive construct — purpose, result, or complementasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Infinitive construct — purpose, result, or complement. Lead predicate is 'when I went out'.
Word-by-word analysis· 7 words
בְּצֵ֣אתִיwhen I went outprep + Qal inf constr + sfx 1cs · יָצָא (H3318)Infinitive construct→ Infinitive construct: purpose, result, or complementיָצָא (H3318) 'when I went out'.
שַׁ֣עַרthe gate ofN c · שַׁעַר (H8179)Construct chain (genitival)שַׁעַר (H8179) 'the gate of'.
עֲלֵיagainst meprep · עַל (H5921)Particle or relational elementעַל (H5921) 'against me'.
קָ֑רֶתcityN c · קֶרֶת (H7176)Construct chain (genitival)קֶרֶת (H7176) 'city'.
בָּ֝רְח֗וֹבin the squareprep + art + N com f sg abs · רְחוֹב (H7339)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)רְחוֹב (H7339) 'in the square'.
אָכִ֥יןreadyHiphil impf 1cs · כּוּן (H3559)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalכּוּן (H3559) 'ready'.
מוֹשָׁבִֽיyour dwellingsN c · מוֹשָׁב (H4186)Construct chain (genitival)מוֹשָׁב (H4186) 'your dwellings'.
8

רָא֣וּנִי נְעָרִ֣ים וְנֶחְבָּ֑אוּ וִֽ֝ישִׁישִׁים קָ֣מוּ עָמָֽדוּ

The young men saw me, and hid themselves: and the aged arose, stood up.

Qatal — perfective or stative predication
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Qatal — perfective or stative predication. Lead predicate is 'and he saw'.
Word-by-word analysis· 6 words
רָא֣וּנִיand he sawQal perf 3cp + sfx 1cs · רָאָה (H7200)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actרָאָה (H7200) 'and he saw'.
נְעָרִ֣יםthe boyN c · נַעַר (H5288)Construct chain (genitival)נַעַר (H5288) 'the boy'.
וְנֶחְבָּ֑אוּshe hidconj וְ + Niphal perf 3cp · חָבָא (H2244)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actחָבָא (H2244) 'she hid'.
וִֽ֝ישִׁישִׁיםandconj וְ + Adj · יָשִׁישׁ (H3453)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יָשִׁישׁ (H3453) 'and'.
קָ֣מוּrise up!Qal perf 3cp · קוּם (H6965)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actקוּם (H6965) 'rise up!'.
עָמָֽדוּhis standingQal perf 3cp · עָמַד (H5975)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actעָמַד (H5975) 'his standing'.
9

שָׂ֭רִים עָצְר֣וּ בְמִלִּ֑ים וְ֝כַ֗ף יָשִׂ֥ימוּ לְפִיהֶֽם

The princes refrained talking, and laid hand on their mouth.

Qatal — perfective or stative predicationasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Qatal — perfective or stative predication. Lead predicate is 'and he will shut up'.
Word-by-word analysis· 6 words
שָׂ֭רִיםprincesN c · שַׂר (H8269)Construct chain (genitival)שַׂר (H8269) 'princes'.
עָצְר֣וּand he will shut upQal perf 3cp · עָצַר (H6113)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actעָצַר (H6113) 'and he will shut up'.
בְמִלִּ֑יםwith wordsprep + N com f pl abs · מִלָּה (H4405)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מִלָּה (H4405) 'with words'.
וְ֝כַ֗ףa pan ofconj וְ + N com f sg abs · כַּף (H3709)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)כַּף (H3709) 'a pan of'.
יָשִׂ֥ימוּthey placeQal impf 3mp · שִׂים (H7760)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalשִׂים (H7760) 'they place'.
לְפִיהֶֽםthe mouth ofprep + N com m sg constr + sfx 3mp · פֶּה (H6310)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)פֶּה (H6310) 'the mouth of'.
10

קוֹל נְגִידִ֥ים נֶחְבָּ֑אוּ וּ֝לְשׁוֹנָ֗ם לְחִכָּ֥ם דָּבֵֽקָה

The nobles held their peace, and their tongue cleaved to the roof of their mouth.

Qatal — perfective or stative predicationasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Qatal — perfective or stative predication. Lead predicate is 'clings'.
Word-by-word analysis· 6 words
קוֹלthe sound ofN c · קוֹל (H6963)Construct chain (genitival)קוֹל (H6963) 'the sound of'.
נְגִידִ֥יםtoN c · נָגִיד (H5057)Construct chain (genitival)נָגִיד (H5057) 'to'.
נֶחְבָּ֑אוּthey had hidden themselvesN · חָבָא (H2244)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)חָבָא (H2244) 'they had hidden themselves'.
וּ֝לְשׁוֹנָ֗םby their languagesconj וְ + N com c sg constr + sfx 3mp · לָשׁוֹן (H3956)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)לָשׁוֹן (H3956) 'by their languages'.
לְחִכָּ֥ם(roof of the) mouthprep + N com m sg constr + sfx 3mp · חֵךְ (H2441)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)חֵךְ (H2441) '(roof of the) mouth'.
דָּבֵֽקָהclingsQal perf 3fs · דָּבַק (H1692)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actדָּבַק (H1692) 'clings'.
11

כִּ֤י אֹ֣זֶן שָׁ֭מְעָה וַֽתְּאַשְּׁרֵ֑נִי וְעַ֥יִן רָ֝אֲתָ֗ה וַתְּעִידֵֽנִי

When the ear heard , then it blessed me; and when the eye saw , it gave witness to me:

Qatal — perfective or stative predication
kî-clause (causal, recitative, or evidential). Qatal — perfective or stative predication. Lead predicate is 'has heard'.
Word-by-word analysis· 7 words
כִּ֤יforconj וְ · כִּי (H3588)Particle or relational elementכִּי (H3588) 'for'.
אֹ֣זֶןthe ear ofN c · אֹזֶן (H241)Construct chain (genitival)אֹזֶן (H241) 'the ear of'.
שָׁ֭מְעָהhas heardQal perf 3fs · שָׁמַע (H8085)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actשָׁמַע (H8085) 'has heard'.
וַֽתְּאַשְּׁרֵ֑נִיthey will call me blessedconj וְ + Piel wayyiqtol 3fs + sfx 1cs · אָשַׁר (H833)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceאָשַׁר (H833) 'they will call me blessed'.
וְעַ֥יִןin the eyes ofconj וְ + N com c sg abs · עַיִן (H5869)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עַיִן (H5869) 'in the eyes of'.
רָ֝אֲתָ֗הshe sawQal perf 3fs · רָאָה (H7200)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actרָאָה (H7200) 'she saw'.
וַתְּעִידֵֽנִיI call to witnessconj וְ + Hiphil wayyiqtol 3fs + sfx 1cs · עוּד (H5749)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceעוּד (H5749) 'I call to witness'.
12

כִּֽי אֲ֭מַלֵּט עָנִ֣י מְשַׁוֵּ֑עַ וְ֝יָת֗וֹם וְֽלֹא עֹזֵ֥ר לֽוֹ

Because I delivered the poor that cried, and the fatherless, and none to help him.

Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented
kî-clause (causal, recitative, or evidential). Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'and I escaped'.
Word-by-word analysis· 8 words
כִּֽיforconj וְ · כִּי (H3588)Particle or relational elementכִּי (H3588) 'for'.
אֲ֭מַלֵּטand I escapedPiel impf 1cs · מָלַט (H4422)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalמָלַט (H4422) 'and I escaped'.
עָנִ֣יpoorAdj · עָנִי (H6041)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עָנִי (H6041) 'poor'.
מְשַׁוֵּ֑עַI cry for helpPiel ptc ms · שִׁוַּע (H7768)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorשִׁוַּע (H7768) 'I cry for help'.
וְ֝יָת֗וֹםor orphanconj וְ + N com m sg abs · יָתוֹם (H3490)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יָתוֹם (H3490) 'or orphan'.
וְֽלֹאand notconj וְ + neg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'and not'.
עֹזֵ֥רand help youQal ptc ms · עָזַר (H5826)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorעָזַר (H5826) 'and help you'.
לֽוֹto himprep + sfx 3msParticle or relational elementFunction word: 'to him'.
13

בִּרְכַּ֣ת אֹ֭בֵד עָלַ֣י תָּבֹ֑א וְלֵ֖ב אַלְמָנָ֣ה אַרְנִֽן

The blessing of him that was ready to perish came upon me: and I caused the widow's heart to sing for joy.

Participle — attendant circumstance or substantival actorasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Participle — attendant circumstance or substantival actor. Lead predicate is 'utterly'.
Word-by-word analysis· 7 words
בִּרְכַּ֣תblessings ofN c · בְּרָכָה (H1293)Construct chain (genitival)בְּרָכָה (H1293) 'blessings of'.
אֹ֭בֵדutterlyQal ptc ms · אָבַד (H6)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorאָבַד (H6) 'utterly'.
עָלַ֣יagainst meprep + sfx 1cs · עַל (H5921)Particle or relational elementעַל (H5921) 'against me'.
תָּבֹ֑אyou comeQal impf 3fs · בּוֹא (H935)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalבּוֹא (H935) 'you come'.
וְלֵ֖בhis heartconj וְ + N com m sg constr · לֵב (H3820)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)לֵב (H3820) 'his heart'.
אַלְמָנָ֣הa widowN c · אַלְמָנָה (H490)Construct chain (genitival)אַלְמָנָה (H490) 'a widow'.
אַרְנִֽןshout for joyHiphil impf 1cs · רָנַן (H7442)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalרָנַן (H7442) 'shout for joy'.
14

צֶ֣דֶק לָ֭בַשְׁתִּי וַיִּלְבָּשֵׁ֑נִי כִּֽמְעִ֥יל וְ֝צָנִ֗יף מִשְׁפָּטִֽי

I put on righteousness, and it clothed me: my judgment as a robe and a diadem.

Qatal — perfective or stative predicationasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Qatal — perfective or stative predication. Lead predicate is 'and you shall clothe'.
Word-by-word analysis· 6 words
צֶ֣דֶקjustN c · צֶדֶק (H6664)Construct chain (genitival)צֶדֶק (H6664) 'just'.
לָ֭בַשְׁתִּיand you shall clotheQal perf 1cs · לָבַשׁ (H3847)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actלָבַשׁ (H3847) 'and you shall clothe'.
וַיִּלְבָּשֵׁ֑נִיand you shall clotheconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms + sfx 1cs · לָבַשׁ (H3847)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceלָבַשׁ (H3847) 'and you shall clothe'.
כִּֽמְעִ֥ילthe robe ofprep + N com m sg abs · מְעִיל (H4598)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מְעִיל (H4598) 'the robe of'.
וְ֝צָנִ֗יףandconj וְ + N com c sg abs · צָנִיף (H6797)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)צָנִיף (H6797) 'and'.
מִשְׁפָּטִֽיmy rulesN c · מִשְׁפָּט (H4941)Construct chain (genitival)מִשְׁפָּט (H4941) 'my rules'.
15

עֵינַ֣יִם הָ֭יִיתִי לַֽעִוֵּ֑ר וְרַגְלַ֖יִם לַפִּסֵּ֣חַ אָֽנִי

I was eyes to the blind, and feet I to the lame.

Qatal — perfective or stative predicationasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Qatal — perfective or stative predication. Lead predicate is 'I have been'.
Word-by-word analysis· 6 words
עֵינַ֣יִםeyesN c · עַיִן (H5869)Construct chain (genitival)עַיִן (H5869) 'eyes'.
הָ֭יִיתִיI have beenQal perf 1cs · הָיָה (H1961)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actהָיָה (H1961) 'I have been'.
לַֽעִוֵּ֑רblindprep + art + Adj · עִוֵּר (H5787)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עִוֵּר (H5787) 'blind'.
וְרַגְלַ֖יִםhis feetconj וְ + N com f du abs · רֶגֶל (H7272)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)רֶגֶל (H7272) 'his feet'.
לַפִּסֵּ֣חַlameprep + art + Adj · פִּסֵּחַ (H6455)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)פִּסֵּחַ (H6455) 'lame'.
אָֽנִיIpron 1cs · אֲנִי (H589)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֲנִי (H589) 'I'.
16

אָ֣ב אָ֭נֹכִֽי לָֽאֶבְיוֹנִ֑ים וְרִ֖ב לֹא יָדַ֣עְתִּי אֶחְקְרֵֽהוּ

I a father to the poor: and the cause I knew not I searched out.

Qatal — perfective or stative predicationasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Qatal — perfective or stative predication. Lead predicate is 'I know'.
Word-by-word analysis· 7 words
אָ֣בa fatherN c · אָב (H1)Construct chain (genitival)אָב (H1) 'a father'.
אָ֭נֹכִֽיIpron 1cs · אָנֹכִי (H595)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אָנֹכִי (H595) 'I'.
לָֽאֶבְיוֹנִ֑יםpoorprep + art + Adj · אֶבְיוֹן (H34)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֶבְיוֹן (H34) 'poor'.
וְרִ֖בdisputeconj וְ + N com c sg abs · רִיב (H7379)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)רִיב (H7379) 'dispute'.
לֹאnotneg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'not'.
יָדַ֣עְתִּיI knowQal perf 1cs · יָדַע (H3045)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actיָדַע (H3045) 'I know'.
אֶחְקְרֵֽהוּand searchQal impf 1cs + sfx 3ms · חָקַר (H2713)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalחָקַר (H2713) 'and search'.
17

וָֽ֭אֲשַׁבְּרָה מְתַלְּע֣וֹת עַוָּ֑ל וּ֝מִשִּׁנָּ֗יו אַשְׁלִ֥יךְ טָֽרֶף

And I brake the jaws of the wicked, and plucked the spoil out of his teeth.

Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action. Lead predicate is 'you shall break'.
Word-by-word analysis· 6 words
וָֽ֭אֲשַׁבְּרָהyou shall breakconj וְ + Piel wayyiqtol 1cs + Sh · שָׁבַר (H7665)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceשָׁבַר (H7665) 'you shall break'.
מְתַלְּע֣וֹתandN c · מְתַלְּעָה (H4973)Construct chain (genitival)מְתַלְּעָה (H4973) 'and'.
עַוָּ֑לunjustN c · עַוָּל (H5767)Construct chain (genitival)עַוָּל (H5767) 'unjust'.
וּ֝מִשִּׁנָּ֗יוtoothconj וְ + prep + N com c du constr + sfx 3ms · שֵׁן (H8127)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שֵׁן (H8127) 'tooth'.
אַשְׁלִ֥יךְI will castHiphil impf 1cs · שָׁלַךְ (H7993)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalשָׁלַךְ (H7993) 'I will cast'.
טָֽרֶףpreyN c · טֶרֶף (H2964)Construct chain (genitival)טֶרֶף (H2964) 'prey'.
18

וָ֭אֹמַר עִם קִנִּ֣י אֶגְוָ֑ע וְ֝כַח֗וֹל אַרְבֶּ֥ה יָמִֽים

Then I said, I shall die in my nest, and I shall multiply days as the sand.

Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action. Lead predicate is 'and I said'. Speech formula or quoted address.
Word-by-word analysis· 7 words
וָ֭אֹמַרand I saidconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 1cs · אָמַר (H559)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceאָמַר (H559) 'and I said'.
עִםwithprep · עִם (H5973)Particle or relational elementעִם (H5973) 'with'.
קִנִּ֣יa nest ofN c · קֵן (H7064)Construct chain (genitival)קֵן (H7064) 'a nest of'.
אֶגְוָ֑עbreathed his lastQal impf 1cs · גָּוַע (H1478)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalגָּוַע (H1478) 'breathed his last'.
וְ֝כַח֗וֹלand like the sandconj וְ + prep + art + N com m sg abs · חוֹל (H2344)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)חוֹל (H2344) 'and like the sand'.
אַרְבֶּ֥הI will multiplyHiphil impf 1cs · רָבָה (H7235)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalרָבָה (H7235) 'I will multiply'.
יָמִֽיםdaysN c · יוֹם (H3117)Construct chain (genitival)יוֹם (H3117) 'days'.
19

שָׁרְשִׁ֣י פָת֣וּחַ אֱלֵי מָ֑יִם וְ֝טַ֗ל יָלִ֥ין בִּקְצִירִֽי

My root spread out by the waters, and the dew lay all night upon my branch.

Participle — attendant circumstance or substantival actorasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Participle — attendant circumstance or substantival actor. Lead predicate is 'open'.
Word-by-word analysis· 7 words
שָׁרְשִׁ֣יa rootN c · שֹׁרֶשׁ (H8328)Construct chain (genitival)שֹׁרֶשׁ (H8328) 'a root'.
פָת֣וּחַopenQal ptc ms · פָּתַח (H6605)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorפָּתַח (H6605) 'open'.
אֱלֵיto meprep · אֶל (H413)Particle or relational elementאֶל (H413) 'to me'.
מָ֑יִםwaterN c · מַיִם (H4325)Construct chain (genitival)מַיִם (H4325) 'water'.
וְ֝טַ֗לdewconj וְ + N com m sg abs · טַל (H2919)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)טַל (H2919) 'dew'.
יָלִ֥יןshall remain overnightQal impf 3ms · לוּן (H3885)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalלוּן (H3885) 'shall remain overnight'.
בִּקְצִירִֽיharvest ofprep + N com m sg constr + sfx 1cs · קָצִיר (H7105)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)קָצִיר (H7105) 'harvest of'.
20

כְּ֭בוֹדִי חָדָ֣שׁ עִמָּדִ֑י וְ֝קַשְׁתִּ֗י בְּיָדִ֥י תַחֲלִֽיף

My glory fresh in me, and my bow was renewed in my hand.

Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-orientedasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'and changed'.
Word-by-word analysis· 6 words
כְּ֭בוֹדִיmy gloryN c · כָּבוֹד (H3519)Construct chain (genitival)כָּבוֹד (H3519) 'my glory'.
חָדָ֣שׁnewAdj · חָדָשׁ (H2319)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)חָדָשׁ (H2319) 'new'.
עִמָּדִ֑יwith meprep + sfx 1cs · עִמָּד (H5978)Particle or relational elementעִמָּד (H5978) 'with me'.
וְ֝קַשְׁתִּ֗יa bowconj וְ + N com f sg constr + sfx 1cs · קֶשֶׁת (H7198)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)קֶשֶׁת (H7198) 'a bow'.
בְּיָדִ֥יin my handprep + N com c sg constr + sfx 1cs · יָד (H3027)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יָד (H3027) 'in my hand'.
תַחֲלִֽיףand changedHiphil impf 3fs · חָלַף (H2498)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalחָלַף (H2498) 'and changed'.
21

לִֽי שָׁמְע֥וּ וְיִחֵ֑לּוּ וְ֝יִדְּמ֗וּ לְמ֣וֹ עֲצָתִֽי

To me gave ear, and waited, and kept silence at my counsel.

Qatal — perfective or stative predicationasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Qatal — perfective or stative predication. Lead predicate is 'his hearing'.
Word-by-word analysis· 6 words
לִֽיto meprep + sfx 1csParticle or relational elementFunction word: 'to me'.
שָׁמְע֥וּhis hearingQal perf 3cp · שָׁמַע (H8085)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actשָׁמַע (H8085) 'his hearing'.
וְיִחֵ֑לּוּand he waitedconj וְ + Piel perf 3cp · יָחַל (H3176)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actיָחַל (H3176) 'and he waited'.
וְ֝יִדְּמ֗וּthey are stillconj וְ + Qal impf 3mp · דָּמַם (H1826)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalדָּמַם (H1826) 'they are still'.
לְמ֣וֹinprep · לְמוֹ (H3926)Particle or relational elementלְמוֹ (H3926) 'in'.
עֲצָתִֽיcounselN c · עֵצָה (H6098)Construct chain (genitival)עֵצָה (H6098) 'counsel'.
22

אַחֲרֵ֣י דְ֭בָרִי לֹ֣א יִשְׁנ֑וּ וְ֝עָלֵ֗ימוֹ תִּטֹּ֥ף מִלָּתִֽי

After my words they spake not again; and my speech dropped upon them.

Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-orientedasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'being repeated'.
Word-by-word analysis· 7 words
אַחֲרֵ֣יafterprep · אַחַר (H310)Particle or relational elementאַחַר (H310) 'after'.
דְ֭בָרִיthe words ofN c · דָּבָר (H1697)Construct chain (genitival)דָּבָר (H1697) 'the words of'.
לֹ֣אnotneg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'not'.
יִשְׁנ֑וּbeing repeatedQal impf 3mp · שָׁנָה (H8138)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalשָׁנָה (H8138) 'being repeated'.
וְ֝עָלֵ֗ימוֹonconj וְ + prep + sfx 3mp · עַל (H5921)Particle or relational elementעַל (H5921) 'on'.
תִּטֹּ֥ףdrippedQal impf 3fs · נָטַף (H5197)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalנָטַף (H5197) 'dripped'.
מִלָּתִֽיwith wordsN c · מִלָּה (H4405)Construct chain (genitival)מִלָּה (H4405) 'with words'.
23

וְיִֽחֲל֣וּ כַמָּטָ֣ר לִ֑י וּ֝פִיהֶ֗ם פָּעֲר֥וּ לְמַלְקֽוֹשׁ

And they waited for me as for the rain; and they opened their mouth wide for the latter rain.

Qatal — perfective or stative predication
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Qatal — perfective or stative predication. Lead predicate is 'and he waited'.
Word-by-word analysis· 6 words
וְיִֽחֲל֣וּand he waitedconj וְ + Piel perf 3cp · יָחַל (H3176)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actיָחַל (H3176) 'and he waited'.
כַמָּטָ֣רlike the rainprep + art + N com m sg abs · מָטָר (H4306)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מָטָר (H4306) 'like the rain'.
לִ֑יto meprep + sfx 1csParticle or relational elementFunction word: 'to me'.
וּ֝פִיהֶ֗םthe mouth ofconj וְ + N com m sg constr + sfx 3mp · פֶּה (H6310)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)פֶּה (H6310) 'the mouth of'.
פָּעֲר֥וּandQal perf 3cp · פָּעַר (H6473)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actפָּעַר (H6473) 'and'.
לְמַלְקֽוֹשׁand the later rainprep + N com m sg abs · מַלְקוֹשׁ (H4456)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מַלְקוֹשׁ (H4456) 'and the later rain'.
24

אֶשְׂחַ֣ק אֲ֭לֵהֶם לֹ֣א יַאֲמִ֑ינוּ וְא֥וֹר פָּ֝נַ֗י לֹ֣א יַפִּילֽוּן

I laughed on them, they believed not; and the light of my countenance they cast not down.

Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented.
Word-by-word analysis· 8 words
אֶשְׂחַ֣קandQal impf 1cs · שָׂחַק (H7832)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalשָׂחַק (H7832) 'and'.
אֲ֭לֵהֶםto themprep + sfx 3mp · אֶל (H413)Particle or relational elementאֶל (H413) 'to them'.
לֹ֣אnotneg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'not'.
יַאֲמִ֑ינוּthey will believeHiphil impf 3mp · אָמַן (H539)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalאָמַן (H539) 'they will believe'.
וְא֥וֹרlightconj וְ + N com c sg constr · אוֹר (H216)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אוֹר (H216) 'light'.
פָּ֝נַ֗יthe face ofN c · פָּנִים (H6440)Construct chain (genitival)פָּנִים (H6440) 'the face of'.
לֹ֣אnotneg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'not'.
יַפִּילֽוּןand he fellHiphil impf 3mp + Sn · נָפַל (H5307)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalנָפַל (H5307) 'and he fell'.
25

אֶֽבֲחַ֣ר דַּרְכָּם֮ וְאֵשֵׁ֪ב רֹ֥אשׁ וְ֭אֶשְׁכּוֹן כְּמֶ֣לֶךְ בַּגְּד֑וּד כַּאֲשֶׁ֖ר אֲבֵלִ֣ים יְנַחֵֽם

I chose out their way, and sat chief, and dwelt as a king in the army, as one comforteth the mourners.

Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-orientedasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'I will choose'. Closes the chapter.
Word-by-word analysis· 10 words
אֶֽבֲחַ֣רI will chooseQal impf 1cs · בָּחַר (H977)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalבָּחַר (H977) 'I will choose'.
דַּרְכָּם֮their siege-roadN c · דֶּרֶךְ (H1870)Construct chain (genitival)דֶּרֶךְ (H1870) 'their siege-road'.
וְאֵשֵׁ֪בand I remainedconj וְ + Qal impf 1cs · יָשַׁב (H3427)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalיָשַׁב (H3427) 'and I remained'.
רֹ֥אשׁthe head ofN c · רֹאשׁ (H7218)Construct chain (genitival)רֹאשׁ (H7218) 'the head of'.
וְ֭אֶשְׁכּוֹןto make dwellconj וְ + Qal impf 1cs · שָׁכַן (H7931)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalשָׁכַן (H7931) 'to make dwell'.
כְּמֶ֣לֶךְking ofprep + N com m sg abs · מֶלֶךְ (H4428)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מֶלֶךְ (H4428) 'king of'.
בַּגְּד֑וּדa troopprep + art + N com m sg abs · גְּדוּד (H1416)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)גְּדוּד (H1416) 'a troop'.
כַּאֲשֶׁ֖רjust asprep + rel. שֶׁ · אֲשֶׁר (H834)Particle or relational elementאֲשֶׁר (H834) 'just as'.
אֲבֵלִ֣יםmourningAdj · אָבֵל (H57)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אָבֵל (H57) 'mourning'.
יְנַחֵֽםthey change their minds/regretPiel impf 3ms · נָחַם (H5162)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalנָחַם (H5162) 'they change their minds/regret'.