Hebrew Text · Translation · Interlinear · Discourse Structure

The Book of Job, Chapter 21איוב 21

Each verse opens with the running Hebrew, an English translation, and a discourse note (its connective, relation, and role in the argument). Below follows the word-by-word breakdown in six tiers: gloss, case/state or parsing, syntax, semantic force, and a lexical note.

Case Nominative Genitive Dative Accusative Vocative Verb (no case) Indeclinable

Discourse notes head each verse: relation · connective · clause-flow. Indentation marks prominence — flush-left = main line of argument; indented = supporting / subordinate material.

Theme

Job 21 (34 verses in the MT) opens: But Job answered and said, The middle of the chapter continues: They are as stubble before the wind, and as chaff that the storm carrieth away. It closes: How then comfort you me in vain, seeing in your answers there remaineth falsehood?

Translation & textual notes

The Hebrew base text here follows the Masoretic Text in the Leningrad tradition as represented by the Westminster Leningrad Codex / MorphHB diplomatic stream imported from OSHB; distinctively copyrighted apparatus from BHS or BHQ is not reproduced. Job 21 comprises 34 verses in MT order. Movement I (vv. 1-7) — But Job answered and said. But Job answered and said, Hear diligently my speech, and let this be your consolations. Suffer me that I may speak; and after that I have spoken, mock on. As for me, my complaint to man? and if , why should not my spirit be troubled? Mark me, and be astonished, and lay hand upon mouth. Even when I remember I am afraid, and trembling taketh hold on my. Movement II (vv. 8-14) — Their seed is established in their sight with them, and their offspring. Their seed is established in their sight with them, and their offspring before their eyes. Their houses safe from fear, neither the rod of God upon them. Their bull gendereth, and faileth not; their cow calveth, and casteth not her calf. They send forth their little ones like a flock, and their children dance. They take the timbrel and harp, and rejoice at. Movement III (vv. 15-21) — What the Almighty, that we should serve him? and what profit should we h. What the Almighty, that we should serve him? and what profit should we have, if we pray to him? Lo, their good not in their hand: the counsel of the wicked is far from me. How oft is the candle of the wicked put out! and cometh their destruction upon them! distributeth sorrows in his anger. They are as stubble before the wind, and as chaff that the storm. Movement IV (vv. 22-28) — Shall teach God knowledge? seeing he judgeth those that are high. Shall teach God knowledge? seeing he judgeth those that are high. One dieth in his full strength, being wholly at ease and quiet. His breasts are full of milk, and his bones are moistened with marrow. And another dieth in the bitterness of his soul, and never eateth with pleasure. They shall lie down alike in the dust, and the worms shall cover them.. Movement V (vv. 29-34) — Have you not asked them that go by the way? and do you not know their to. Have you not asked them that go by the way? and do you not know their tokens, That the wicked is reserved to the day of destruction? they shall be brought forth to the day of wrath. Who shall declare his way to his face? and who shall repay him he has done? Yet shall he be brought to the grave, and shall remain in the tomb. The clods of the valley shall be. Where English printed Bibles divide verses differently, this annotation follows MT versification throughout.

1

וַיַּ֥עַן אִיּ֗וֹב וַיֹּאמַֽר

But Job answered and said,

Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action. Lead predicate is 'and answered'. Opens the chapter. Speech formula or quoted address.
Word-by-word analysis· 3 words
וַיַּ֥עַןand answeredconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · עָנָה (H6030)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceעָנָה (H6030) 'and answered'.
אִיּ֗וֹבJobN · אִיּוֹב (H347)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אִיּוֹב (H347) 'Job'.
וַיֹּאמַֽרand he saidconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · אָמַר (H559)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceאָמַר (H559) 'and he said'.
2

שִׁמְע֣וּ שָׁ֭מוֹעַ מִלָּתִ֑י וּתְהִי זֹ֝֗את תַּנְח֥וּמֹֽתֵיכֶֽם

Hear diligently my speech, and let this be your consolations.

Imperative — volitional addressasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Imperative — volitional address. Lead predicate is 'his hearing'.
Word-by-word analysis· 6 words
שִׁמְע֣וּhis hearingQal impv 2mp · שָׁמַע (H8085)Predicate verb (imperative)→ Volitional: imperativeשָׁמַע (H8085) 'his hearing'.
שָׁ֭מוֹעַdiligentlyQal inf abs · שָׁמַע (H8085)Infinitive absolute→ Infinitive absolute: emphasis or attendant actionשָׁמַע (H8085) 'diligently'.
מִלָּתִ֑יwith wordsN c · מִלָּה (H4405)Construct chain (genitival)מִלָּה (H4405) 'with words'.
וּתְהִיand there wasconj וְ + Qal jussive 3fs · הָיָה (H1961)Predicate verb (jussive)→ Jussive: volitionalהָיָה (H1961) 'and there was'.
זֹ֝֗אתthisdem. pron xfs · זֹאת (H2063)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)זֹאת (H2063) 'this'.
תַּנְח֥וּמֹֽתֵיכֶֽםcomfortN c · תַּנְחוּם (H8575)Construct chain (genitival)תַּנְחוּם (H8575) 'comfort'.
3

שָׂ֭אוּנִי וְאָנֹכִ֣י אֲדַבֵּ֑ר וְאַחַ֖ר דַּבְּרִ֣י תַלְעִֽיג

Suffer me that I may speak; and after that I have spoken, mock on.

Imperative — volitional addressasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Imperative — volitional address. Lead predicate is 'lifts up'.
Word-by-word analysis· 6 words
שָׂ֭אוּנִיlifts upQal impv 2mp + sfx 1cs · נָשָׂא (H5375)Predicate verb (imperative)→ Volitional: imperativeנָשָׂא (H5375) 'lifts up'.
וְאָנֹכִ֣יand Iconj וְ + pron 1cs · אָנֹכִי (H595)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אָנֹכִי (H595) 'and I'.
אֲדַבֵּ֑רI speakPiel impf 1cs · דִּבֶּר (H1696)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalדִּבֶּר (H1696) 'I speak'.
וְאַחַ֖רand afterwardconj וְ + art · אַחַר (H310)Particle or relational elementאַחַר (H310) 'and afterward'.
דַּבְּרִ֣יspeakPiel inf constr + sfx 1cs · דִּבֶּר (H1696)Infinitive construct→ Infinitive construct: purpose, result, or complementדִּבֶּר (H1696) 'speak'.
תַלְעִֽיגhave in derisionHiphil impf 2ms · לָעַג (H3932)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalלָעַג (H3932) 'have in derision'.
4

הֶ֭אָנֹכִי לְאָדָ֣ם שִׂיחִ֑י וְאִם מַ֝דּ֗וּעַ לֹא תִקְצַ֥ר רוּחִֽי

As for me, my complaint to man? and if , why should not my spirit be troubled?

Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-orientedasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'you reap'.
Word-by-word analysis· 8 words
הֶ֭אָנֹכִיdid I?interrog. + pron 1cs · אָנֹכִי (H595)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אָנֹכִי (H595) 'did I?'.
לְאָדָ֣םto manprep + N com m sg abs · אָדָם (H120)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אָדָם (H120) 'to man'.
שִׂיחִ֑יbabblingN c · שִׂיחַ (H7879)Construct chain (genitival)שִׂיחַ (H7879) 'babbling'.
וְאִםand ifconj וְ + conj וְ · אִם (H518)Particle or relational elementאִם (H518) 'and if'.
מַ֝דּ֗וּעַwhyinterrog. · מַדּוּעַ (H4069)Particle or relational elementמַדּוּעַ (H4069) 'why'.
לֹאnotneg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'not'.
תִקְצַ֥רyou reapQal impf 3fs · קָצַר (H7114)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalקָצַר (H7114) 'you reap'.
רוּחִֽיmy SpiritN c · רוּחַ (H7307)Construct chain (genitival)רוּחַ (H7307) 'my Spirit'.
5

פְּנוּ אֵלַ֥י וְהָשַׁ֑מּוּ וְשִׂ֖ימוּ יָ֣ד עַל פֶּֽה

Mark me, and be astonished, and lay hand upon mouth.

Imperative — volitional addressasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Imperative — volitional address. Lead predicate is 'turn!'.
Word-by-word analysis· 7 words
פְּנוּturn!Qal impv 2mp · פָּנָה (H6437)Predicate verb (imperative)→ Volitional: imperativeפָּנָה (H6437) 'turn!'.
אֵלַ֥יto meprep + sfx 1cs · אֶל (H413)Particle or relational elementאֶל (H413) 'to me'.
וְהָשַׁ֑מּוּand I will desolateconj וְ + Hiphil impv 2mp · שָׁמֵם (H8074)Predicate verb (imperative)→ Volitional: imperativeשָׁמֵם (H8074) 'and I will desolate'.
וְשִׂ֖ימוּand placeconj וְ + Qal impv 2mp · שִׂים (H7760)Predicate verb (imperative)→ Volitional: imperativeשִׂים (H7760) 'and place'.
יָ֣דthe hand ofN c · יָד (H3027)Construct chain (genitival)יָד (H3027) 'the hand of'.
עַלonprep · עַל (H5921)Particle or relational elementעַל (H5921) 'on'.
פֶּֽהmouthN c · פֶּה (H6310)Construct chain (genitival)פֶּה (H6310) 'mouth'.
6

וְאִם זָכַ֥רְתִּי וְנִבְהָ֑לְתִּי וְאָחַ֥ז בְּ֝שָׂרִ֗י פַּלָּצֽוּת

Even when I remember I am afraid, and trembling taketh hold on my flesh.

Qatal — perfective or stative predication
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Qatal — perfective or stative predication. Lead predicate is 'and you shall remember'.
Word-by-word analysis· 6 words
וְאִםand ifconj וְ + conj וְ · אִם (H518)Particle or relational elementאִם (H518) 'and if'.
זָכַ֥רְתִּיand you shall rememberQal perf 1cs · זָכַר (H2142)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actזָכַר (H2142) 'and you shall remember'.
וְנִבְהָ֑לְתִּיwere dismayedconj וְ + Niphal q 1cs · בָּהַל (H926)Particle or relational elementבָּהַל (H926) 'were dismayed'.
וְאָחַ֥זand grasp!conj וְ + Qal q 3ms · אָחַז (H270)Particle or relational elementאָחַז (H270) 'and grasp!'.
בְּ֝שָׂרִ֗יfleshN c · בָּשָׂר (H1320)Construct chain (genitival)בָּשָׂר (H1320) 'flesh'.
פַּלָּצֽוּתfearfulnessN c · פַּלָּצוּת (H6427)Construct chain (genitival)פַּלָּצוּת (H6427) 'fearfulness'.
7

מַדּ֣וּעַ רְשָׁעִ֣ים יִחְי֑וּ עָ֝תְק֗וּ גַּם גָּ֥בְרוּ חָֽיִל

Wherefore do the wicked live, become old, yea, are mighty in power?

Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-orientedasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'they will let live'.
Word-by-word analysis· 7 words
מַדּ֣וּעַwhyinterrog. · מַדּוּעַ (H4069)Particle or relational elementמַדּוּעַ (H4069) 'why'.
רְשָׁעִ֣יםthe wickedAdj · רָשָׁע (H7563)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)רָשָׁע (H7563) 'the wicked'.
יִחְי֑וּthey will let liveQal impf 3mp · חָיָה (H2421)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalחָיָה (H2421) 'they will let live'.
עָ֝תְק֗וּand he moved onQal perf 3cp · עָתַק (H6275)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actעָתַק (H6275) 'and he moved on'.
גַּםalsoparticle · גַּם (H1571)Particle or relational elementגַּם (H1571) 'also'.
גָּ֥בְרוּprevailedQal perf 3cp · גָּבַר (H1396)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actגָּבַר (H1396) 'prevailed'.
חָֽיִלabilityN c · חַיִל (H2428)Construct chain (genitival)חַיִל (H2428) 'ability'.
8

זַרְעָ֤ם נָכ֣וֹן לִפְנֵיהֶ֣ם עִמָּ֑ם וְ֝צֶאֱצָאֵיהֶ֗ם לְעֵינֵיהֶֽם

Their seed is established in their sight with them, and their offspring before their eyes.

Nominal or particle frameasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Nominal or particle frame.
Word-by-word analysis· 6 words
זַרְעָ֤םseedN c · זֶרַע (H2233)Construct chain (genitival)זֶרַע (H2233) 'seed'.
נָכ֣וֹןconfirmedN · כּוּן (H3559)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)כּוּן (H3559) 'confirmed'.
לִפְנֵיהֶ֣םbefore themprep + N com c pl constr + sfx 3mp · פָּנִים (H6440)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)פָּנִים (H6440) 'before them'.
עִמָּ֑םwith themprep + sfx 3mp · עִם (H5973)Particle or relational elementעִם (H5973) 'with them'.
וְ֝צֶאֱצָאֵיהֶ֗םandconj וְ + N com m pl constr + sfx 3mp · צֶאֱצָא (H6631)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)צֶאֱצָא (H6631) 'and'.
לְעֵינֵיהֶֽםbefore their eyesprep + N com c du constr + sfx 3mp · עַיִן (H5869)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עַיִן (H5869) 'before their eyes'.
9

בָּתֵּיהֶ֣ם שָׁל֣וֹם מִפָּ֑חַד וְלֹ֤א שֵׁ֖בֶט אֱל֣וֹהַּ עֲלֵיהֶֽם

Their houses safe from fear, neither the rod of God upon them.

Nominal or particle frameasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Nominal or particle frame.
Word-by-word analysis· 7 words
בָּתֵּיהֶ֣םtheir householdsN c · בַּיִת (H1004)Construct chain (genitival)בַּיִת (H1004) 'their households'.
שָׁל֣וֹםpeaceN c · שָׁלוֹם (H7965)Construct chain (genitival)שָׁלוֹם (H7965) 'peace'.
מִפָּ֑חַדbecause of the dread ofprep + N com m sg abs · פַּחַד (H6343)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)פַּחַד (H6343) 'because of the dread of'.
וְלֹ֤אand notconj וְ + neg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'and not'.
שֵׁ֖בֶטthe tribe ofN c · שֵׁבֶט (H7626)Construct chain (genitival)שֵׁבֶט (H7626) 'the tribe of'.
אֱל֣וֹהַּGodN c · אֱלוֹהַּ (H433)Construct chain (genitival)אֱלוֹהַּ (H433) 'God'.
עֲלֵיהֶֽםupon themprep + sfx 3mp · עַל (H5921)Particle or relational elementעַל (H5921) 'upon them'.
10

שׁוֹר֣וֹ עִ֭בַּר וְלֹ֣א יַגְעִ֑ל תְּפַלֵּ֥ט פָּ֝רָת֗וֹ וְלֹ֣א תְשַׁכֵּֽל

Their bull gendereth, and faileth not; their cow calveth, and casteth not her calf.

Qatal — perfective or stative predicationasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Qatal — perfective or stative predication. Lead predicate is 'is crossing'.
Word-by-word analysis· 8 words
שׁוֹר֣וֹhis oxN c · שׁוֹר (H7794)Construct chain (genitival)שׁוֹר (H7794) 'his ox'.
עִ֭בַּרis crossingPiel perf 3ms · עָבַר (H5674)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actעָבַר (H5674) 'is crossing'.
וְלֹ֣אand notconj וְ + neg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'and not'.
יַגְעִ֑לwill abhorHiphil impf 3ms · גָּעַל (H1602)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalגָּעַל (H1602) 'will abhor'.
תְּפַלֵּ֥טandPiel impf 3fs · פָּלַט (H6403)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalפָּלַט (H6403) 'and'.
פָּ֝רָת֗וֹthe cowsN c · פָּרָה (H6510)Construct chain (genitival)פָּרָה (H6510) 'the cows'.
וְלֹ֣אand notconj וְ + neg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'and not'.
תְשַׁכֵּֽלshall bereavePiel impf 3fs · שָׁכַל (H7921)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalשָׁכַל (H7921) 'shall bereave'.
11

יְשַׁלְּח֣וּ כַ֭צֹּאן עֲוִילֵיהֶ֑ם וְ֝יַלְדֵיהֶ֗ם יְרַקֵּדֽוּן

They send forth their little ones like a flock, and their children dance.

Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'and he sent'.
Word-by-word analysis· 5 words
יְשַׁלְּח֣וּand he sentPiel impf 3mp · שָׁלַח (H7971)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalשָׁלַח (H7971) 'and he sent'.
כַ֭צֹּאןlike sheepprep + art + N com c sg abs · צֹאן (H6629)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)צֹאן (H6629) 'like sheep'.
עֲוִילֵיהֶ֑םyoung childrenN c · עָוִיל (H5759)Construct chain (genitival)עָוִיל (H5759) 'young children'.
וְ֝יַלְדֵיהֶ֗םthe childconj וְ + N com m pl constr + sfx 3mp · יֶלֶד (H3206)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יֶלֶד (H3206) 'the child'.
יְרַקֵּדֽוּןdancePiel impf 3mp + Sn · רָקַד (H7540)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalרָקַד (H7540) 'dance'.
12

יִ֭שְׂאוּ כְּתֹ֣ף וְכִנּ֑וֹר וְ֝יִשְׂמְח֗וּ לְק֣וֹל עוּגָֽב

They take the timbrel and harp, and rejoice at the sound of the organ.

Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-orientedasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'they shall bear'.
Word-by-word analysis· 6 words
יִ֭שְׂאוּthey shall bearQal impf 3mp · נָשָׂא (H5375)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalנָשָׂא (H5375) 'they shall bear'.
כְּתֹ֣ףwith tambourinesprep + N com m sg abs · תֹּף (H8596)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)תֹּף (H8596) 'with tambourines'.
וְכִנּ֑וֹרand with lyreconj וְ + N com m sg abs · כִּנּוֹר (H3658)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)כִּנּוֹר (H3658) 'and with lyre'.
וְ֝יִשְׂמְח֗וּand you shall rejoiceconj וְ + Qal impf 3mp · שָׂמַח (H8055)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalשָׂמַח (H8055) 'and you shall rejoice'.
לְק֣וֹלto the voice ofprep + N com m sg constr · קוֹל (H6963)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)קוֹל (H6963) 'to the voice of'.
עוּגָֽבand pipeN c · עוּגָב (H5748)Construct chain (genitival)עוּגָב (H5748) 'and pipe'.
13

יבלו יְכַלּ֣וּ בַטּ֣וֹב יְמֵיהֶ֑ם וּ֝בְרֶ֗גַע שְׁא֣וֹל יֵחָֽתּוּ

They spend their days in wealth, and in a moment go down to the grave.

Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-orientedasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'wore out'.
Word-by-word analysis· 7 words
יבלוwore outPiel impf 3mp · בָּלָה (H1086)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalבָּלָה (H1086) 'wore out'.
יְכַלּ֣וּand he finishedPiel impf 3mp · כָּלָה (H3615)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalכָּלָה (H3615) 'and he finished'.
בַטּ֣וֹבwherever goodprep + art + Adj · טוֹב (H2896)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)טוֹב (H2896) 'wherever good'.
יְמֵיהֶ֑םtodayN c · יוֹם (H3117)Construct chain (genitival)יוֹם (H3117) 'today'.
וּ֝בְרֶ֗גַעa momentconj וְ + prep + N com m sg abs · רֶגַע (H7281)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)רֶגַע (H7281) 'a moment'.
שְׁא֣וֹלSheolN · שְׁאוֹל (H7585)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שְׁאוֹל (H7585) 'Sheol'.
יֵחָֽתּוּbe brokenQal impf 3mp · נָחַת (H5181)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalנָחַת (H5181) 'be broken'.
14

וַיֹּאמְר֣וּ לָ֭אֵל ס֣וּר מִמֶּ֑נּוּ וְדַ֥עַת דְּ֝רָכֶ֗יךָ לֹ֣א חָפָֽצְנוּ

Therefore they say to God, Depart from us; for we desire not the knowledge of your ways.

Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action. Lead predicate is 'and they said'. Speech formula or quoted address.
Word-by-word analysis· 8 words
וַיֹּאמְר֣וּand they saidconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3mp · אָמַר (H559)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceאָמַר (H559) 'and they said'.
לָ֭אֵלpower inprep + art + N com m sg abs · אֵל (H410)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֵל (H410) 'power in'.
ס֣וּרturn asideQal impv 2ms · סוּר (H5493)Predicate verb (imperative)→ Volitional: imperativeסוּר (H5493) 'turn aside'.
מִמֶּ֑נּוּfrom itprep + sfx 1cp · מִן (H4480)Particle or relational elementמִן (H4480) 'from it'.
וְדַ֥עַתthe knowledge ofconj וְ + N com f sg constr · דַּעַת (H1847)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)דַּעַת (H1847) 'the knowledge of'.
דְּ֝רָכֶ֗יךָyour waysN c · דֶּרֶךְ (H1870)Construct chain (genitival)דֶּרֶךְ (H1870) 'your ways'.
לֹ֣אnotneg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'not'.
חָפָֽצְנוּhe delightedQal perf 1cp · חָפֵץ (H2654)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actחָפֵץ (H2654) 'he delighted'.
15

מַה שַׁדַּ֥י כִּֽי נַֽעַבְדֶ֑נּוּ וּמַה נּ֝וֹעִ֗יל כִּ֣י נִפְגַּע בּֽוֹ

What the Almighty, that we should serve him? and what profit should we have, if we pray to him?

Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-orientedasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'to serve'.
Word-by-word analysis· 9 words
מַהwhatinterrog. · מָה (H4100)Particle or relational elementמָה (H4100) 'what'.
שַׁדַּ֥יShaddaiN · שַׁדַּי (H7706)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שַׁדַּי (H7706) 'Shaddai'.
כִּֽיforconj וְ · כִּי (H3588)Particle or relational elementכִּי (H3588) 'for'.
נַֽעַבְדֶ֑נּוּto serveQal impf 1cp + sfx 1cp · עָבַד (H5647)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalעָבַד (H5647) 'to serve'.
וּמַהand whatconj וְ + interrog. · מָה (H4100)Particle or relational elementמָה (H4100) 'and what'.
נּ֝וֹעִ֗ילat allHiphil impf 1cp · יָעַל (H3276)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalיָעַל (H3276) 'at all'.
כִּ֣יforconj וְ · כִּי (H3588)Particle or relational elementכִּי (H3588) 'for'.
נִפְגַּעand it touchedQal impf 1cp · פָּגַע (H6293)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalפָּגַע (H6293) 'and it touched'.
בּֽוֹin itprep + sfx 3msParticle or relational elementFunction word: 'in it'.
16

הֵ֤ן לֹ֣א בְיָדָ֣ם טוּבָ֑ם עֲצַ֥ת רְ֝שָׁעִ֗ים רָ֣חֲקָה מֶֽנִּי

Lo, their good not in their hand: the counsel of the wicked is far from me.

Qatal — perfective or stative predicationhinneh
Presentative hinneh, putting a new scene or surprise on stage. Qatal — perfective or stative predication. Lead predicate is 'far off'.
Word-by-word analysis· 8 words
הֵ֤ןbeholdadv. · הֵן (H2005)Particle or relational elementהֵן (H2005) 'behold'.
לֹ֣אnotneg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'not'.
בְיָדָ֣םin their handprep + N com c sg constr + sfx 3mp · יָד (H3027)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יָד (H3027) 'in their hand'.
טוּבָ֑םthe good ofN c · טוּב (H2898)Construct chain (genitival)טוּב (H2898) 'the good of'.
עֲצַ֥תcounselN c · עֵצָה (H6098)Construct chain (genitival)עֵצָה (H6098) 'counsel'.
רְ֝שָׁעִ֗יםthe wickedAdj · רָשָׁע (H7563)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)רָשָׁע (H7563) 'the wicked'.
רָ֣חֲקָהfar offQal perf 3fs · רָחַק (H7368)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actרָחַק (H7368) 'far off'.
מֶֽנִּיfromprep + sfx 1cs · מִן (H4480)Particle or relational elementמִן (H4480) 'from'.
17

כַּמָּ֤ה נֵר רְשָׁ֘עִ֤ים יִדְעָ֗ךְ וְיָבֹ֣א עָלֵ֣ימוֹ אֵידָ֑ם חֲ֝בָלִ֗ים יְחַלֵּ֥ק בְּאַפּֽוֹ

How oft is the candle of the wicked put out! and cometh their destruction upon them! distributeth sorrows in his anger.

Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-orientedasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'be extinct'.
Word-by-word analysis· 10 words
כַּמָּ֤הhow manyprep + interrog. · מָה (H4100)Particle or relational elementמָה (H4100) 'how many'.
נֵרa lampN c · נֵר (H5216)Construct chain (genitival)נֵר (H5216) 'a lamp'.
רְשָׁ֘עִ֤יםthe wickedAdj · רָשָׁע (H7563)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)רָשָׁע (H7563) 'the wicked'.
יִדְעָ֗ךְbe extinctQal impf 3ms · דָּעַךְ (H1846)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalדָּעַךְ (H1846) 'be extinct'.
וְיָבֹ֣אand he cameconj וְ + Qal impf 3ms · בּוֹא (H935)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalבּוֹא (H935) 'and he came'.
עָלֵ֣ימוֹonprep + sfx 3mp · עַל (H5921)Particle or relational elementעַל (H5921) 'on'.
אֵידָ֑םtheir calamityN c · אֵיד (H343)Construct chain (genitival)אֵיד (H343) 'their calamity'.
חֲ֝בָלִ֗יםthe region ofN c · חֶבֶל (H2256)Construct chain (genitival)חֶבֶל (H2256) 'the region of'.
יְחַלֵּ֥קdividesPiel impf 3ms · חָלַק (H2505)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalחָלַק (H2505) 'divides'.
בְּאַפּֽוֹin his angerprep + N com m sg constr + sfx 3ms · אַף (H639)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אַף (H639) 'in his anger'.
18

יִהְי֗וּ כְּתֶ֥בֶן לִפְנֵי ר֑וּחַ וּ֝כְמֹ֗ץ גְּנָבַ֥תּוּ סוּפָֽה

They are as stubble before the wind, and as chaff that the storm carrieth away.

Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-orientedasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'they shall be'.
Word-by-word analysis· 7 words
יִהְי֗וּthey shall beQal impf 3mp · הָיָה (H1961)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalהָיָה (H1961) 'they shall be'.
כְּתֶ֥בֶןstrawprep + N com m sg abs · תֶּבֶן (H8401)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)תֶּבֶן (H8401) 'straw'.
לִפְנֵיbeforeprep + N com c pl constr · פָּנִים (H6440)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)פָּנִים (H6440) 'before'.
ר֑וּחַa spirit ofN c · רוּחַ (H7307)Construct chain (genitival)רוּחַ (H7307) 'a spirit of'.
וּ֝כְמֹ֗ץandconj וְ + prep + N com m sg abs · מֹץ (H4671)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מֹץ (H4671) 'and'.
גְּנָבַ֥תּוּyou shall stealQal perf 3fs + sfx 3ms · גָּנַב (H1589)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actגָּנַב (H1589) 'you shall steal'.
סוּפָֽהin SuphahN c · סוּפָה (H5492)Construct chain (genitival)סוּפָה (H5492) 'in Suphah'.
19

אֱל֗וֹהַּ יִצְפֹּן לְבָנָ֥יו אוֹנ֑וֹ יְשַׁלֵּ֖ם אֵלָ֣יו וְיֵדָֽע

God layeth up his iniquity for his children: he rewardeth him, and he shall know .

Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-orientedasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'and she hid him'.
Word-by-word analysis· 7 words
אֱל֗וֹהַּGodN c · אֱלוֹהַּ (H433)Construct chain (genitival)אֱלוֹהַּ (H433) 'God'.
יִצְפֹּןand she hid himQal impf 3ms · צָפַן (H6845)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalצָפַן (H6845) 'and she hid him'.
לְבָנָ֥יוhis sons'prep + N com m pl constr + sfx 3ms · בֵּן (H1121)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)בֵּן (H1121) 'his sons''.
אוֹנ֑וֹiniquityN c · אוֹן (H205)Construct chain (genitival)אוֹן (H205) 'iniquity'.
יְשַׁלֵּ֖םhe shall payPiel impf 3ms · שָׁלַם (H7999)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalשָׁלַם (H7999) 'he shall pay'.
אֵלָ֣יוto himprep + sfx 3ms · אֶל (H413)Particle or relational elementאֶל (H413) 'to him'.
וְיֵדָֽעand knewconj וְ + Qal impf 3ms · יָדַע (H3045)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalיָדַע (H3045) 'and knew'.
20

יִרְא֣וּ עינו עֵינָ֣יו כִּיד֑וֹ וּמֵחֲמַ֖ת שַׁדַּ֣י יִשְׁתֶּֽה

His eyes shall see his destruction, and he shall drink of the wrath of the Almighty.

Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-orientedasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'shall they appear'.
Word-by-word analysis· 7 words
יִרְא֣וּshall they appearQal impf 3mp · רָאָה (H7200)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalרָאָה (H7200) 'shall they appear'.
עינוhis eyeN c · עַיִן (H5869)Construct chain (genitival)עַיִן (H5869) 'his eye'.
עֵינָ֣יוhis eyesN c · עַיִן (H5869)Construct chain (genitival)עַיִן (H5869) 'his eyes'.
כִּיד֑וֹdestructionN c · כִּיד (H3589)Construct chain (genitival)כִּיד (H3589) 'destruction'.
וּמֵחֲמַ֖תthe venom ofconj וְ + prep + N com f sg constr · חֵמָה (H2534)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)חֵמָה (H2534) 'the venom of'.
שַׁדַּ֣יShaddaiN · שַׁדַּי (H7706)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שַׁדַּי (H7706) 'Shaddai'.
יִשְׁתֶּֽהhe shall drinkQal impf 3ms · שָׁתָה (H8354)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalשָׁתָה (H8354) 'he shall drink'.
21

כִּ֤י מַה חֶפְצ֣וֹ בְּבֵית֣וֹ אַחֲרָ֑יו וּמִסְפַּ֖ר חֳדָשָׁ֣יו חֻצָּֽצוּ

For what pleasure he in his house after him, when the number of his months is cut off in the midst?

Qatal — perfective or stative predication
kî-clause (causal, recitative, or evidential). Qatal — perfective or stative predication. Lead predicate is 'those who divide'.
Word-by-word analysis· 8 words
כִּ֤יforconj וְ · כִּי (H3588)Particle or relational elementכִּי (H3588) 'for'.
מַהwhatinterrog. · מָה (H4100)Particle or relational elementמָה (H4100) 'what'.
חֶפְצ֣וֹacceptableN c · חֵפֶץ (H2656)Construct chain (genitival)חֵפֶץ (H2656) 'acceptable'.
בְּבֵית֣וֹover his houseprep + N com m sg constr + sfx 3ms · בַּיִת (H1004)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)בַּיִת (H1004) 'over his house'.
אַחֲרָ֑יוafter himprep + sfx 3ms · אַחַר (H310)Particle or relational elementאַחַר (H310) 'after him'.
וּמִסְפַּ֖רor the number ofconj וְ + N com m sg constr · מִסְפָּר (H4557)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מִסְפָּר (H4557) 'or the number of'.
חֳדָשָׁ֣יוof the monthN c · חֹדֶשׁ (H2320)Construct chain (genitival)חֹדֶשׁ (H2320) 'of the month'.
חֻצָּֽצוּthose who dividePual perf 3cp · חָצַץ (H2686)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actחָצַץ (H2686) 'those who divide'.
22

הַלְאֵ֥ל יְלַמֶּד דָּ֑עַת וְ֝ה֗וּא רָמִ֥ים יִשְׁפּֽוֹט

Shall teach God knowledge? seeing he judgeth those that are high.

Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-orientedasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'he may learn'.
Word-by-word analysis· 6 words
הַלְאֵ֥לGodinterrog. + prep + N com m sg abs · אֵל (H410)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֵל (H410) 'God'.
יְלַמֶּדhe may learnPiel impf 3ms · לִמַּד (H3925)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalלִמַּד (H3925) 'he may learn'.
דָּ֑עַתknowledgeN c · דַּעַת (H1847)Construct chain (genitival)דַּעַת (H1847) 'knowledge'.
וְ֝ה֗וּאand heconj וְ + pron 3ms · הִיא (H1931)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)הִיא (H1931) 'and he'.
רָמִ֥יםand tallQal ptc mp · רוּם (H7311)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorרוּם (H7311) 'and tall'.
יִשְׁפּֽוֹטand judgeQal impf 3ms · שָׁפַט (H8199)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalשָׁפַט (H8199) 'and judge'.
23

זֶ֗ה יָ֭מוּת בְּעֶ֣צֶם תֻּמּ֑וֹ כֻּ֝לּ֗וֹ שַׁלְאֲנַ֥ן וְשָׁלֵֽיו

One dieth in his full strength, being wholly at ease and quiet.

Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-orientedasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'he die'.
Word-by-word analysis· 7 words
זֶ֗הthisdem. pron xms · זֶה (H2088)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)זֶה (H2088) 'this'.
יָ֭מוּתhe dieQal impf 3ms · מוּת (H4191)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalמוּת (H4191) 'he die'.
בְּעֶ֣צֶםon this veryprep + N com f sg constr · עֶצֶם (H6106)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עֶצֶם (H6106) 'on this very'.
תֻּמּ֑וֹin the integrity ofN c · תֹּם (H8537)Construct chain (genitival)תֹּם (H8537) 'in the integrity of'.
כֻּ֝לּ֗וֹall of itN c · כֹּל (H3605)Construct chain (genitival)כֹּל (H3605) 'all of it'.
שַׁלְאֲנַ֥ןbeing at easeAdj · שַׁלְאֲנָן (H7946)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שַׁלְאֲנָן (H7946) 'being at ease'.
וְשָׁלֵֽיו(being) at easeconj וְ + Adj · שָׁלֵו (H7961)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שָׁלֵו (H7961) '(being) at ease'.
24

עֲ֭טִינָיו מָלְא֣וּ חָלָ֑ב וּמֹ֖חַ עַצְמוֹתָ֣יו יְשֻׁקֶּֽה

His breasts are full of milk, and his bones are moistened with marrow.

Qatal — perfective or stative predicationasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Qatal — perfective or stative predication. Lead predicate is 'they have fully followed'.
Word-by-word analysis· 6 words
עֲ֭טִינָיוbreastN c · עֲטִין (H5845)Construct chain (genitival)עֲטִין (H5845) 'breast'.
מָלְא֣וּthey have fully followedQal perf 3cp · מָלֵא (H4390)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actמָלֵא (H4390) 'they have fully followed'.
חָלָ֑בmilkN c · חָלָב (H2461)Construct chain (genitival)חָלָב (H2461) 'milk'.
וּמֹ֖חַandconj וְ + N com m sg constr · מֹחַ (H4221)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מֹחַ (H4221) 'and'.
עַצְמוֹתָ֣יוthe bones ofN c · עֶצֶם (H6106)Construct chain (genitival)עֶצֶם (H6106) 'the bones of'.
יְשֻׁקֶּֽהhe shall make drinkPual impf 3ms · שָׁקָה (H8248)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalשָׁקָה (H8248) 'he shall make drink'.
25

וְזֶ֗ה יָ֭מוּת בְּנֶ֣פֶשׁ מָרָ֑ה וְלֹֽא אָ֝כַ֗ל בַּטּוֹבָֽה

And another dieth in the bitterness of his soul, and never eateth with pleasure.

Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'he die'.
Word-by-word analysis· 7 words
וְזֶ֗הand thisconj וְ + dem. pron xms · זֶה (H2088)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)זֶה (H2088) 'and this'.
יָ֭מוּתhe dieQal impf 3ms · מוּת (H4191)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalמוּת (H4191) 'he die'.
בְּנֶ֣פֶשׁagainst the personprep + N com c sg abs · נֶפֶשׁ (H5315)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)נֶפֶשׁ (H5315) 'against the person'.
מָרָ֑הof bitternessAdj · מַר (H4751)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מַר (H4751) 'of bitterness'.
וְלֹֽאand notconj וְ + neg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'and not'.
אָ֝כַ֗לeatsQal perf 3ms · אָכַל (H398)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actאָכַל (H398) 'eats'.
בַּטּוֹבָֽהgoodprep + art + Adj · טוֹב (H2896)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)טוֹב (H2896) 'good'.
26

יַ֭חַד עַל עָפָ֣ר יִשְׁכָּ֑בוּ וְ֝רִמָּ֗ה תְּכַסֶּ֥ה עֲלֵיהֶֽם

They shall lie down alike in the dust, and the worms shall cover them.

Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-orientedasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'they lay down'.
Word-by-word analysis· 7 words
יַ֭חַדtogetherart · יַחְדָּו (H3162)Particle or relational elementיַחְדָּו (H3162) 'together'.
עַלonprep · עַל (H5921)Particle or relational elementעַל (H5921) 'on'.
עָפָ֣רdustN c · עָפָר (H6083)Construct chain (genitival)עָפָר (H6083) 'dust'.
יִשְׁכָּ֑בוּthey lay downQal impf 3mp · שָׁכַב (H7901)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalשָׁכַב (H7901) 'they lay down'.
וְ֝רִמָּ֗הand a wormconj וְ + N com f sg abs · רִמָּה (H7415)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)רִמָּה (H7415) 'and a worm'.
תְּכַסֶּ֥הyou shall concealPiel impf 3fs · כָּסָה (H3680)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalכָּסָה (H3680) 'you shall conceal'.
עֲלֵיהֶֽםupon themprep + sfx 3mp · עַל (H5921)Particle or relational elementעַל (H5921) 'upon them'.
27

הֵ֣ן יָ֭דַעְתִּי מַחְשְׁבֽוֹתֵיכֶ֑ם וּ֝מְזִמּ֗וֹת עָלַ֥י תַּחְמֹֽסוּ

Behold, I know your thoughts, and the devices you wrongfully imagine against me.

Qatal — perfective or stative predicationhinneh
Presentative hinneh, putting a new scene or surprise on stage. Qatal — perfective or stative predication. Lead predicate is 'I know'.
Word-by-word analysis· 6 words
הֵ֣ןbeholdadv. · הֵן (H2005)Particle or relational elementהֵן (H2005) 'behold'.
יָ֭דַעְתִּיI knowQal perf 1cs · יָדַע (H3045)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actיָדַע (H3045) 'I know'.
מַחְשְׁבֽוֹתֵיכֶ֑םdesignsN c · מַחֲשָׁבָה (H4284)Construct chain (genitival)מַחֲשָׁבָה (H4284) 'designs'.
וּ֝מְזִמּ֗וֹת(wicked) deviceconj וְ + N com f pl abs · מְזִמָּה (H4209)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מְזִמָּה (H4209) '(wicked) device'.
עָלַ֥יagainst meprep + sfx 1cs · עַל (H5921)Particle or relational elementעַל (H5921) 'against me'.
תַּחְמֹֽסוּmake bareQal impf 2mp · חָמַס (H2554)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalחָמַס (H2554) 'make bare'.
28

כִּ֤י תֹֽאמְר֗וּ אַיֵּ֥ה בֵית נָדִ֑יב וְ֝אַיֵּ֗ה אֹ֤הֶל מִשְׁכְּנ֬וֹת רְשָׁעִֽים

For you say, Where the house of the prince? and where the dwelling places of the wicked?

Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented
kî-clause (causal, recitative, or evidential). Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'you say'.
Word-by-word analysis· 9 words
כִּ֤יforconj וְ · כִּי (H3588)Particle or relational elementכִּי (H3588) 'for'.
תֹֽאמְר֗וּyou sayQal impf 2mp · אָמַר (H559)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalאָמַר (H559) 'you say'.
אַיֵּ֥הwhereinterrog. · אַיֵּה (H346)Particle or relational elementאַיֵּה (H346) 'where'.
בֵיתthe house ofN c · בַּיִת (H1004)Construct chain (genitival)בַּיִת (H1004) 'the house of'.
נָדִ֑יבwilling ofAdj · נָדִיב (H5081)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)נָדִיב (H5081) 'willing of'.
וְ֝אַיֵּ֗הbut where isconj וְ + interrog. · אַיֵּה (H346)Particle or relational elementאַיֵּה (H346) 'but where is'.
אֹ֤הֶלthe tent ofN c · אֹהֶל (H168)Construct chain (genitival)אֹהֶל (H168) 'the tent of'.
מִשְׁכְּנ֬וֹתthe tabernacleN c · מִשְׁכָּן (H4908)Construct chain (genitival)מִשְׁכָּן (H4908) 'the tabernacle'.
רְשָׁעִֽיםthe wickedAdj · רָשָׁע (H7563)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)רָשָׁע (H7563) 'the wicked'.
29

הֲלֹ֣א שְׁ֭אֶלְתֶּם ע֣וֹבְרֵי דָ֑רֶךְ וְ֝אֹתֹתָ֗ם לֹ֣א תְנַכֵּֽרוּ

Have you not asked them that go by the way? and do you not know their tokens,

Qatal — perfective or stative predicationasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Qatal — perfective or stative predication. Lead predicate is 'ask'.
Word-by-word analysis· 7 words
הֲלֹ֣אis it notinterrog. + neg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'is it not'.
שְׁ֭אֶלְתֶּםaskQal perf 2mp · שָׁאַל (H7592)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actשָׁאַל (H7592) 'ask'.
ע֣וֹבְרֵיare crossingQal ptc mp · עָבַר (H5674)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorעָבַר (H5674) 'are crossing'.
דָ֑רֶךְthe way ofN c · דֶּרֶךְ (H1870)Construct chain (genitival)דֶּרֶךְ (H1870) 'the way of'.
וְ֝אֹתֹתָ֗םthe signsconj וְ + N com c pl constr + sfx 3mp · אוֹת (H226)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אוֹת (H226) 'the signs'.
לֹ֣אnotneg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'not'.
תְנַכֵּֽרוּrecognize himPiel impf 2mp · נָכַר (H5234)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalנָכַר (H5234) 'recognize him'.
30

כִּ֤י לְי֣וֹם אֵ֭יד יֵחָ֣שֶׂךְ רָ֑ע לְי֖וֹם עֲבָר֣וֹת יוּבָֽלוּ

That the wicked is reserved to the day of destruction? they shall be brought forth to the day of wrath.

Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented
kî-clause (causal, recitative, or evidential). Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'bring'.
Word-by-word analysis· 8 words
כִּ֤יforconj וְ · כִּי (H3588)Particle or relational elementכִּי (H3588) 'for'.
לְי֣וֹםfor the dayprep + N com m sg constr · יוֹם (H3117)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יוֹם (H3117) 'for the day'.
אֵ֭ידtheir calamityN c · אֵיד (H343)Construct chain (genitival)אֵיד (H343) 'their calamity'.
יֵחָ֣שֶׂךְwithheldN · חָשַׂךְ (H2820)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)חָשַׂךְ (H2820) 'withheld'.
רָ֑עbadAdj · רַע (H7451)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)רַע (H7451) 'bad'.
לְי֖וֹםfor the dayprep + N com m sg constr · יוֹם (H3117)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יוֹם (H3117) 'for the day'.
עֲבָר֣וֹתand their wrathN c · עֶבְרָה (H5678)Construct chain (genitival)עֶבְרָה (H5678) 'and their wrath'.
יוּבָֽלוּbringHophal impf 3mp · יָבַל (H2986)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalיָבַל (H2986) 'bring'.
31

מִֽי יַגִּ֣יד עַל פָּנָ֣יו דַּרְכּ֑וֹ וְהֽוּא עָ֝שָׂ֗ה מִ֣י יְשַׁלֶּם לֽוֹ

Who shall declare his way to his face? and who shall repay him he has done?

Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-orientedasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'he testifies'.
Word-by-word analysis· 10 words
מִֽיwhointerrog. · מִי (H4310)Particle or relational elementמִי (H4310) 'who'.
יַגִּ֣ידhe testifiesHiphil impf 3ms · נָגַד (H5046)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalנָגַד (H5046) 'he testifies'.
עַלonprep · עַל (H5921)Particle or relational elementעַל (H5921) 'on'.
פָּנָ֣יוhis faceN c · פָּנִים (H6440)Construct chain (genitival)פָּנִים (H6440) 'his face'.
דַּרְכּ֑וֹhis journeyN c · דֶּרֶךְ (H1870)Construct chain (genitival)דֶּרֶךְ (H1870) 'his journey'.
וְהֽוּאand heconj וְ + pron 3ms · הִיא (H1931)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)הִיא (H1931) 'and he'.
עָ֝שָׂ֗הhe didQal perf 3ms · עָשָׂה (H6213)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actעָשָׂה (H6213) 'he did'.
מִ֣יwhointerrog. · מִי (H4310)Particle or relational elementמִי (H4310) 'who'.
יְשַׁלֶּםhe shall payPiel impf 3ms · שָׁלַם (H7999)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalשָׁלַם (H7999) 'he shall pay'.
לֽוֹto himprep + sfx 3msParticle or relational elementFunction word: 'to him'.
32

וְ֭הוּא לִקְבָר֣וֹת יוּבָ֑ל וְֽעַל גָּדִ֥ישׁ יִשְׁקֽוֹד

Yet shall he be brought to the grave, and shall remain in the tomb.

Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'bring'.
Word-by-word analysis· 6 words
וְ֭הוּאand heconj וְ + pron 3ms · הִיא (H1931)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)הִיא (H1931) 'and he'.
לִקְבָר֣וֹתa graveprep + N com m pl abs · קֶבֶר (H6913)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)קֶבֶר (H6913) 'a grave'.
יוּבָ֑לbringHophal impf 3ms · יָבַל (H2986)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalיָבַל (H2986) 'bring'.
וְֽעַלand onconj וְ + prep · עַל (H5921)Particle or relational elementעַל (H5921) 'and on'.
גָּדִ֥ישׁa stacked sheafN c · גָּדִיש (H1430)Construct chain (genitival)גָּדִיש (H1430) 'a stacked sheaf'.
יִשְׁקֽוֹדhastenQal impf 3ms · שָׁקַד (H8245)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalשָׁקַד (H8245) 'hasten'.
33

מָֽתְקוּ ל֗וֹ רִגְבֵ֫י נָ֥חַל וְ֭אַחֲרָיו כָּל אָדָ֣ם יִמְשׁ֑וֹךְ וּ֝לְפָנָ֗יו אֵ֣ין מִסְפָּֽר

The clods of the valley shall be sweet to him, and every man shall draw after him, as innumerable before him.

Qatal — perfective or stative predication
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Qatal — perfective or stative predication. Lead predicate is 'and were made sweet'.
Word-by-word analysis· 11 words
מָֽתְקוּand were made sweetQal perf 3cp · מָתַק (H4985)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actמָתַק (H4985) 'and were made sweet'.
ל֗וֹto himprep + sfx 3msParticle or relational elementFunction word: 'to him'.
רִגְבֵ֫יclodN c · רֶגֶב (H7263)Construct chain (genitival)רֶגֶב (H7263) 'clod'.
נָ֥חַלthe brook ofN c · נַחַל (H5158)Construct chain (genitival)נַחַל (H5158) 'the brook of'.
וְ֭אַחֲרָיוand after itconj וְ + prep + sfx 3ms · אַחַר (H310)Particle or relational elementאַחַר (H310) 'and after it'.
כָּלallN c · כֹּל (H3605)Construct chain (genitival)כֹּל (H3605) 'all'.
אָדָ֣םmanN c · אָדָם (H120)Construct chain (genitival)אָדָם (H120) 'man'.
יִמְשׁ֑וֹךְhas pulledQal impf 3ms · מָשַׁךְ (H4900)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalמָשַׁךְ (H4900) 'has pulled'.
וּ֝לְפָנָ֗יוbeforeconj וְ + prep + N com c pl constr + sfx 3ms · פָּנִים (H6440)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)פָּנִים (H6440) 'before'.
אֵ֣יןthere is notneg. · אַיִן (H369)Particle or relational elementאַיִן (H369) 'there is not'.
מִסְפָּֽרthe number ofN c · מִסְפָּר (H4557)Construct chain (genitival)מִסְפָּר (H4557) 'the number of'.
34

וְ֭אֵיךְ תְּנַחֲמ֣וּנִי הָ֑בֶל וּ֝תְשֽׁוּבֹתֵיכֶ֗ם נִשְׁאַר מָֽעַל

How then comfort you me in vain, seeing in your answers there remaineth falsehood?

Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'and was comforted'. Closes the chapter.
Word-by-word analysis· 6 words
וְ֭אֵיךְand howconj וְ + interrog. · אֵיכָה (H349)Particle or relational elementאֵיכָה (H349) 'and how'.
תְּנַחֲמ֣וּנִיand was comfortedPiel impf 2mp + sfx 1cs · נָחַם (H5162)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalנָחַם (H5162) 'and was comforted'.
הָ֑בֶלwith their idolsN c · הֶבֶל (H1892)Construct chain (genitival)הֶבֶל (H1892) 'with their idols'.
וּ֝תְשֽׁוּבֹתֵיכֶ֗םandconj וְ + N com f pl constr + sfx 2mp · תְּשׁוּבָה (H8666)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)תְּשׁוּבָה (H8666) 'and'.
נִשְׁאַרremainedN · שָׁאַר (H7604)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שָׁאַר (H7604) 'remained'.
מָֽעַלa breach of faithN c · מַעַל (H4604)Construct chain (genitival)מַעַל (H4604) 'a breach of faith'.