Hebrew Text · Translation · Interlinear · Discourse Structure

The Book of Job, Chapter 10איוב 10

Each verse opens with the running Hebrew, an English translation, and a discourse note (its connective, relation, and role in the argument). Below follows the word-by-word breakdown in six tiers: gloss, case/state or parsing, syntax, semantic force, and a lexical note.

Case Nominative Genitive Dative Accusative Vocative Verb (no case) Indeclinable

Discourse notes head each verse: relation · connective · clause-flow. Indentation marks prominence — flush-left = main line of argument; indented = supporting / subordinate material.

Theme

Job 10 (22 verses in the MT) opens: My soul is weary of my life; I will leave my complaint upon myself; I will speak in the bitterness of my soul. The middle of the chapter continues: You have granted me life and favour, and your visitation has preserved my spirit. It closes: A land of darkness, as darkness of the shadow of death, without any order, and the light as darkness.

Translation & textual notes

The Hebrew base text here follows the Masoretic Text in the Leningrad tradition as represented by the Westminster Leningrad Codex / MorphHB diplomatic stream imported from OSHB; distinctively copyrighted apparatus from BHS or BHQ is not reproduced. Job 10 comprises 22 verses in MT order. Movement I (vv. 1-5) — My soul is weary of my life; I will leave my complaint upon myself; I wi. My soul is weary of my life; I will leave my complaint upon myself; I will speak in the bitterness of my soul. I will say to God, Do not condemn me; shew me wherefore you contendest with me. good to you that you shouldest oppress, that you shouldest despise the work of your hands, and shine upon the counsel of the wicked? Hast you eyes of flesh? or seest. Movement II (vv. 6-10) — That you enquirest after mine iniquity, and searchest after my sin?. That you enquirest after mine iniquity, and searchest after my sin? You knowest that I am not wicked; and none that can deliver out of your hand. Your hands have made me and fashioned me together round about; yet you dost destroy me. Remember, I beseech you, that you have made me as the clay; and will you bring me into dust again? Hast you not poured me out. Movement III (vv. 11-15) — You have clothed me with skin and flesh, and have fenced me with bones a. You have clothed me with skin and flesh, and have fenced me with bones and sinews. You have granted me life and favour, and your visitation has preserved my spirit. And these have you hid in your heart: I know that this with you. If I sin, then you markest me, and you will not acquit me from mine iniquity. If I be wicked, woe to me; and I be righteous, will. Movement IV (vv. 16-20) — For it increaseth. For it increaseth. You huntest me as a fierce lion: and again you shewest thyself marvellous upon me. You renewest your witnesses against me, and increasest your indignation upon me; changes and war against me. Wherefore then have you brought me forth out of the womb? Oh that I had given up the ghost, and no eye had seen me! I should have been as though I. Movement V (vv. 21-22) — Before I go I shall not return, to the land of darkness and the shadow o. Before I go I shall not return, to the land of darkness and the shadow of death; A land of darkness, as darkness of the shadow of death, without any order, and the light as darkness. Where English printed Bibles divide verses differently, this annotation follows MT versification throughout.

1

נָֽקְטָ֥ה נַפְשִׁ֗י בְּחַ֫יָּ֥י אֶֽעֶזְבָ֣ה עָלַ֣י שִׂיחִ֑י אֲ֝דַבְּרָה֗ בְּמַ֣ר נַפְשִֽׁי

My soul is weary of my life; I will leave my complaint upon myself; I will speak in the bitterness of my soul.

Weqatal / cohortative — sequential or volitionalasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Weqatal / cohortative — sequential or volitional. Lead predicate is 'you forsake'. Opens the chapter. Speech formula or quoted address.
Word-by-word analysis· 9 words
נָֽקְטָ֥הwearyN · נָקַט (H5354)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)נָקַט (H5354) 'weary'.
נַפְשִׁ֗יmy soulN c · נֶפֶשׁ (H5315)Construct chain (genitival)נֶפֶשׁ (H5315) 'my soul'.
בְּחַ֫יָּ֥יmy lifeprep + N com m pl constr + sfx 1cs · חַי (H2416)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)חַי (H2416) 'my life'.
אֶֽעֶזְבָ֣הyou forsakeQal cohortative 1cs · עָזַב (H5800)Predicate verb (weqatal / cohortative)→ Weqatal/cohortative: sequential or volitionalעָזַב (H5800) 'you forsake'.
עָלַ֣יagainst meprep + sfx 1cs · עַל (H5921)Particle or relational elementעַל (H5921) 'against me'.
שִׂיחִ֑יbabblingN c · שִׂיחַ (H7879)Construct chain (genitival)שִׂיחַ (H7879) 'babbling'.
אֲ֝דַבְּרָה֗and he spokePiel cohortative 1cs · דִּבֶּר (H1696)Predicate verb (weqatal / cohortative)→ Weqatal/cohortative: sequential or volitionalדִּבֶּר (H1696) 'and he spoke'.
בְּמַ֣רof bitternessprep + Adj · מַר (H4751)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מַר (H4751) 'of bitterness'.
נַפְשִֽׁיmy soulN c · נֶפֶשׁ (H5315)Construct chain (genitival)נֶפֶשׁ (H5315) 'my soul'.
2

אֹמַ֣ר אֶל אֱ֭לוֹהַּ אַל תַּרְשִׁיעֵ֑נִי הֽ֝וֹדִיעֵ֗נִי עַ֣ל מַה תְּרִיבֵֽנִי

I will say to God, Do not condemn me; shew me wherefore you contendest with me.

Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-orientedasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'he said'. Speech formula or quoted address.
Word-by-word analysis· 9 words
אֹמַ֣רhe saidQal impf 1cs · אָמַר (H559)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalאָמַר (H559) 'he said'.
אֶלtoprep · אֶל (H413)Particle or relational elementאֶל (H413) 'to'.
אֱ֭לוֹהַּGodN c · אֱלוֹהַּ (H433)Construct chain (genitival)אֱלוֹהַּ (H433) 'God'.
אַלdo notneg. · אַל (H408)Particle or relational elementאַל (H408) 'do not'.
תַּרְשִׁיעֵ֑נִיand they condemnHiphil jussive 2ms + sfx 1cs · רָשַׁע (H7561)Predicate verb (jussive)→ Jussive: volitionalרָשַׁע (H7561) 'and they condemn'.
הֽ֝וֹדִיעֵ֗נִיI knowHiphil impv 2ms + sfx 1cs · יָדַע (H3045)Predicate verb (imperative)→ Volitional: imperativeיָדַע (H3045) 'I know'.
עַ֣לonprep · עַל (H5921)Particle or relational elementעַל (H5921) 'on'.
מַהwhatinterrog. · מָה (H4100)Particle or relational elementמָה (H4100) 'what'.
תְּרִיבֵֽנִיand quarreledQal impf 2ms + sfx 1cs · רִיב (H7378)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalרִיב (H7378) 'and quarreled'.
3

הֲט֤וֹב לְךָ֨ כִּֽי תַעֲשֹׁ֗ק כִּֽי תִ֭מְאַס יְגִ֣יעַ כַּפֶּ֑יךָ וְעַל עֲצַ֖ת רְשָׁעִ֣ים הוֹפָֽעְתָּ

good to you that you shouldest oppress, that you shouldest despise the work of your hands, and shine upon the counsel of the wicked?

Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-orientedasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'you shall oppress'.
Word-by-word analysis· 12 words
הֲט֤וֹבthe goodinterrog. + Adj · טוֹב (H2896)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)טוֹב (H2896) 'the good'.
לְךָ֨to youprep + sfx 2msParticle or relational elementFunction word: 'to you'.
כִּֽיforconj וְ · כִּי (H3588)Particle or relational elementכִּי (H3588) 'for'.
תַעֲשֹׁ֗קyou shall oppressQal impf 2ms · עָשַׁק (H6231)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalעָשַׁק (H6231) 'you shall oppress'.
כִּֽיforconj וְ · כִּי (H3588)Particle or relational elementכִּי (H3588) 'for'.
תִ֭מְאַסdespiseQal impf 2ms · מָאַס (H3988)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalמָאַס (H3988) 'despise'.
יְגִ֣יעַtoil ofN c · יְגִיעַ (H3018)Construct chain (genitival)יְגִיעַ (H3018) 'toil of'.
כַּפֶּ֑יךָa pan ofN c · כַּף (H3709)Construct chain (genitival)כַּף (H3709) 'a pan of'.
וְעַלand onconj וְ + prep · עַל (H5921)Particle or relational elementעַל (H5921) 'and on'.
עֲצַ֖תcounselN c · עֵצָה (H6098)Construct chain (genitival)עֵצָה (H6098) 'counsel'.
רְשָׁעִ֣יםthe wickedAdj · רָשָׁע (H7563)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)רָשָׁע (H7563) 'the wicked'.
הוֹפָֽעְתָּhe shone forthHiphil perf 2ms · יָפַע (H3313)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actיָפַע (H3313) 'he shone forth'.
4

הַעֵינֵ֣י בָשָׂ֣ר לָ֑ךְ אִם כִּרְא֖וֹת אֱנ֣וֹשׁ תִּרְאֶֽה

Hast you eyes of flesh? or seest you as man seeth?

Infinitive construct — purpose, result, or complementasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Infinitive construct — purpose, result, or complement. Lead predicate is 'when he saw'.
Word-by-word analysis· 7 words
הַעֵינֵ֣יthe eyes ofinterrog. + N com c du constr · עַיִן (H5869)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עַיִן (H5869) 'the eyes of'.
בָשָׂ֣רfleshN c · בָּשָׂר (H1320)Construct chain (genitival)בָּשָׂר (H1320) 'flesh'.
לָ֑ךְto youprep + sfx 2fsParticle or relational elementFunction word: 'to you'.
אִםifconj וְ · אִם (H518)Particle or relational elementאִם (H518) 'if'.
כִּרְא֖וֹתwhen he sawprep + Qal inf constr · רָאָה (H7200)Infinitive construct→ Infinitive construct: purpose, result, or complementרָאָה (H7200) 'when he saw'.
אֱנ֣וֹשׁfrom mankindN c · אֱנוֹשׁ (H582)Construct chain (genitival)אֱנוֹשׁ (H582) 'from mankind'.
תִּרְאֶֽהyou will seeQal impf 2ms · רָאָה (H7200)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalרָאָה (H7200) 'you will see'.
5

הֲכִימֵ֣י אֱנ֣וֹשׁ יָמֶ֑יךָ אִם שְׁ֝נוֹתֶ֗יךָ כִּ֣ימֵי גָֽבֶר

your days as the days of man? your years as man's days,

Nominal or particle frameasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Nominal or particle frame.
Word-by-word analysis· 7 words
הֲכִימֵ֣יon the dayinterrog. + prep + N com m pl constr · יוֹם (H3117)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יוֹם (H3117) 'on the day'.
אֱנ֣וֹשׁfrom mankindN c · אֱנוֹשׁ (H582)Construct chain (genitival)אֱנוֹשׁ (H582) 'from mankind'.
יָמֶ֑יךָyour daysN c · יוֹם (H3117)Construct chain (genitival)יוֹם (H3117) 'your days'.
אִםifconj וְ · אִם (H518)Particle or relational elementאִם (H518) 'if'.
שְׁ֝נוֹתֶ֗יךָyearsN c · שָׁנָה (H8141)Construct chain (genitival)שָׁנָה (H8141) 'years'.
כִּ֣ימֵיas the days ofprep + N com m pl constr · יוֹם (H3117)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יוֹם (H3117) 'as the days of'.
גָֽבֶרa manN c · גֶּבֶר (H1397)Construct chain (genitival)גֶּבֶר (H1397) 'a man'.
6

כִּֽי תְבַקֵּ֥שׁ לַעֲוֺנִ֑י וּ֭לְחַטָּאתִ֥י תִדְרֽוֹשׁ

That you enquirest after mine iniquity, and searchest after my sin?

Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented
kî-clause (causal, recitative, or evidential). Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'are you seeking'.
Word-by-word analysis· 5 words
כִּֽיforconj וְ · כִּי (H3588)Particle or relational elementכִּי (H3588) 'for'.
תְבַקֵּ֥שׁare you seekingPiel impf 2ms · בִּקֵּשׁ (H1245)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalבִּקֵּשׁ (H1245) 'are you seeking'.
לַעֲוֺנִ֑יthe iniquity ofprep + N com c sg constr + sfx 1cs · עָוֹן (H5771)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עָוֹן (H5771) 'the iniquity of'.
וּ֭לְחַטָּאתִ֥יas a sin offeringconj וְ + prep + N com f sg constr + sfx 1cs · חַטָּאת (H2403)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)חַטָּאת (H2403) 'as a sin offering'.
תִדְרֽוֹשׁI will requireQal impf 2ms · דָּרַשׁ (H1875)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalדָּרַשׁ (H1875) 'I will require'.
7

עַֽל דַּ֭עְתְּךָ כִּי לֹ֣א אֶרְשָׁ֑ע וְאֵ֖ין מִיָּדְךָ֣ מַצִּֽיל

You knowest that I am not wicked; and none that can deliver out of your hand.

Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-orientedasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'and they condemn'.
Word-by-word analysis· 8 words
עַֽלonprep · עַל (H5921)Particle or relational elementעַל (H5921) 'on'.
דַּ֭עְתְּךָthe knowledge ofN c · דַּעַת (H1847)Construct chain (genitival)דַּעַת (H1847) 'the knowledge of'.
כִּיforconj וְ · כִּי (H3588)Particle or relational elementכִּי (H3588) 'for'.
לֹ֣אnotneg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'not'.
אֶרְשָׁ֑עand they condemnQal impf 1cs · רָשַׁע (H7561)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalרָשַׁע (H7561) 'and they condemn'.
וְאֵ֖יןand there is noconj וְ + neg. · אַיִן (H369)Particle or relational elementאַיִן (H369) 'and there is no'.
מִיָּדְךָ֣from your handprep + N com c sg constr + sfx 2ms · יָד (H3027)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יָד (H3027) 'from your hand'.
מַצִּֽילone who deliversHiphil ptc ms · נָצַל (H5337)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorנָצַל (H5337) 'one who delivers'.
8

יָדֶ֣יךָ עִ֭צְּבוּנִי וַֽיַּעֲשׂ֑וּנִי יַ֥חַד סָ֝בִ֗יב וַֽתְּבַלְּעֵֽנִי

Your hands have made me and fashioned me together round about; yet you dost destroy me.

Qatal — perfective or stative predicationasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Qatal — perfective or stative predication. Lead predicate is 'and were grieved'.
Word-by-word analysis· 6 words
יָדֶ֣יךָyour handsN c · יָד (H3027)Construct chain (genitival)יָד (H3027) 'your hands'.
עִ֭צְּבוּנִיand were grievedPiel perf 3cp + sfx 1cs · עָצַב (H6087)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actעָצַב (H6087) 'and were grieved'.
וַֽיַּעֲשׂ֑וּנִיhe didconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3mp + sfx 1cs · עָשָׂה (H6213)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceעָשָׂה (H6213) 'he did'.
יַ֥חַדtogetherart · יַחְדָּו (H3162)Particle or relational elementיַחְדָּו (H3162) 'together'.
סָ֝בִ֗יבall aroundN c · סָבִיב (H5439)Construct chain (genitival)סָבִיב (H5439) 'all around'.
וַֽתְּבַלְּעֵֽנִיand it swallowedconj וְ + Piel wayyiqtol 2ms + sfx 1cs · בָּלַע (H1104)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceבָּלַע (H1104) 'and it swallowed'.
9

זְכָר נָ֭א כִּי כַחֹ֣מֶר עֲשִׂיתָ֑נִי וְֽאֶל עָפָ֥ר תְּשִׁיבֵֽנִי

Remember, I beseech you, that you have made me as the clay; and will you bring me into dust again?

Imperative — volitional addressasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Imperative — volitional address. Lead predicate is 'Remember'.
Word-by-word analysis· 8 words
זְכָרRememberQal impv 2ms · זָכַר (H2142)Predicate verb (imperative)→ Volitional: imperativeזָכַר (H2142) 'Remember'.
נָ֭אpleaseparticle · נָא (H4994)Particle or relational elementנָא (H4994) 'please'.
כִּיforconj וְ · כִּי (H3588)Particle or relational elementכִּי (H3588) 'for'.
כַחֹ֣מֶרwith mortarprep + art + N com m sg abs · חֹמֶר (H2563)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)חֹמֶר (H2563) 'with mortar'.
עֲשִׂיתָ֑נִיhe didQal perf 2ms + sfx 1cs · עָשָׂה (H6213)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actעָשָׂה (H6213) 'he did'.
וְֽאֶלand toconj וְ + prep · אֶל (H413)Particle or relational elementאֶל (H413) 'and to'.
עָפָ֥רdustN c · עָפָר (H6083)Construct chain (genitival)עָפָר (H6083) 'dust'.
תְּשִׁיבֵֽנִיand he returnedHiphil impf 2ms + sfx 1cs · שׁוּב (H7725)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalשׁוּב (H7725) 'and he returned'.
10

הֲלֹ֣א כֶ֭חָלָב תַּתִּיכֵ֑נִי וְ֝כַגְּבִנָּ֗ה תַּקְפִּיאֵֽנִי

Hast you not poured me out as milk, and curdled me like cheese?

Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-orientedasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'poured'.
Word-by-word analysis· 5 words
הֲלֹ֣אis it notinterrog. + neg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'is it not'.
כֶ֭חָלָבmilkprep + art + N com m sg abs · חָלָב (H2461)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)חָלָב (H2461) 'milk'.
תַּתִּיכֵ֑נִיpouredHiphil impf 2ms + sfx 1cs · נָתַךְ (H5413)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalנָתַךְ (H5413) 'poured'.
וְ֝כַגְּבִנָּ֗הandconj וְ + prep + art + N com f sg abs · גְּבִנָה (H1385)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)גְּבִנָה (H1385) 'and'.
תַּקְפִּיאֵֽנִיcongealed,Hiphil impf 2ms + sfx 1cs · קָפָא (H7087)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalקָפָא (H7087) 'congealed,'.
11

ע֣וֹר וּ֭בָשָׂר תַּלְבִּישֵׁ֑נִי וּֽבַעֲצָמ֥וֹת וְ֝גִידִ֗ים תְּסֹכְכֵֽנִי

You have clothed me with skin and flesh, and have fenced me with bones and sinews.

Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-orientedasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'and you shall clothe'.
Word-by-word analysis· 6 words
ע֣וֹרskin ofN c · עוֹר (H5785)Construct chain (genitival)עוֹר (H5785) 'skin of'.
וּ֭בָשָׂרand fleshconj וְ + N com m sg abs · בָּשָׂר (H1320)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)בָּשָׂר (H1320) 'and flesh'.
תַּלְבִּישֵׁ֑נִיand you shall clotheHiphil impf 2ms + sfx 1cs · לָבַשׁ (H3847)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalלָבַשׁ (H3847) 'and you shall clothe'.
וּֽבַעֲצָמ֥וֹתthe bones ofconj וְ + prep + N com f pl abs · עֶצֶם (H6106)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עֶצֶם (H6106) 'the bones of'.
וְ֝גִידִ֗יםthe sinew ofconj וְ + N com m pl abs · גִּיד (H1517)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)גִּיד (H1517) 'the sinew of'.
תְּסֹכְכֵֽנִיcoveringPoel impf 2ms + sfx 1cs · סָכַךְ (H5526)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalסָכַךְ (H5526) 'covering'.
12

חַיִּ֣ים וָ֭חֶסֶד עָשִׂ֣יתָ עִמָּדִ֑י וּ֝פְקֻדָּתְךָ֗ שָֽׁמְרָ֥ה רוּחִֽי

You have granted me life and favour, and your visitation has preserved my spirit.

Qatal — perfective or stative predicationasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Qatal — perfective or stative predication. Lead predicate is 'you have done'.
Word-by-word analysis· 7 words
חַיִּ֣יםaliveN c · חַי (H2416)Construct chain (genitival)חַי (H2416) 'alive'.
וָ֭חֶסֶדkindnessconj וְ + N com m sg abs · חֶסֶד (H2617)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)חֶסֶד (H2617) 'kindness'.
עָשִׂ֣יתָyou have doneQal perf 2ms · עָשָׂה (H6213)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actעָשָׂה (H6213) 'you have done'.
עִמָּדִ֑יwith meprep + sfx 1cs · עִמָּד (H5978)Particle or relational elementעִמָּד (H5978) 'with me'.
וּ֝פְקֻדָּתְךָ֗and the fate ofconj וְ + N com f sg constr + sfx 2ms · פְּקֻדָּה (H6486)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)פְּקֻדָּה (H6486) 'and the fate of'.
שָֽׁמְרָ֥הand you shall keepQal perf 3fs · שָׁמַר (H8104)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actשָׁמַר (H8104) 'and you shall keep'.
רוּחִֽיmy SpiritN c · רוּחַ (H7307)Construct chain (genitival)רוּחַ (H7307) 'my Spirit'.
13

וְ֭אֵלֶּה צָפַ֣נְתָּ בִלְבָבֶ֑ךָ יָ֝דַ֗עְתִּי כִּי זֹ֥את עִמָּֽךְ

And these have you hid in your heart: I know that this with you.

Qatal — perfective or stative predication
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Qatal — perfective or stative predication. Lead predicate is 'and she hid him'.
Word-by-word analysis· 7 words
וְ֭אֵלֶּהand theseconj וְ + dem. pron xcp · אֵלֶּה (H428)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֵלֶּה (H428) 'and these'.
צָפַ֣נְתָּand she hid himQal perf 2ms · צָפַן (H6845)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actצָפַן (H6845) 'and she hid him'.
בִלְבָבֶ֑ךָin your heartprep + N com m sg constr + sfx 2ms · לֵבָב (H3824)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)לֵבָב (H3824) 'in your heart'.
יָ֝דַ֗עְתִּיI knowQal perf 1cs · יָדַע (H3045)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actיָדַע (H3045) 'I know'.
כִּיforconj וְ · כִּי (H3588)Particle or relational elementכִּי (H3588) 'for'.
זֹ֥אתthisdem. pron xfs · זֹאת (H2063)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)זֹאת (H2063) 'this'.
עִמָּֽךְwith youprep + sfx 2fs · עִם (H5973)Particle or relational elementעִם (H5973) 'with you'.
14

אִם חָטָ֥אתִי וּשְׁמַרְתָּ֑נִי וּ֝מֵעֲוֺנִ֗י לֹ֣א תְנַקֵּֽנִי

If I sin, then you markest me, and you will not acquit me from mine iniquity.

Qatal — perfective or stative predicationʼim
Conditional ʼim. Qatal — perfective or stative predication. Lead predicate is 'I have sinned'.
Word-by-word analysis· 6 words
אִםifconj וְ · אִם (H518)Particle or relational elementאִם (H518) 'if'.
חָטָ֥אתִיI have sinnedQal perf 1cs · חָטָא (H2398)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actחָטָא (H2398) 'I have sinned'.
וּשְׁמַרְתָּ֑נִיand you shall keepconj וְ + Qal q 2ms + sfx 1cs · שָׁמַר (H8104)Particle or relational elementשָׁמַר (H8104) 'and you shall keep'.
וּ֝מֵעֲוֺנִ֗יthe iniquity ofconj וְ + prep + N com c sg constr + sfx 1cs · עָוֹן (H5771)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עָוֹן (H5771) 'the iniquity of'.
לֹ֣אnotneg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'not'.
תְנַקֵּֽנִיthen he shall be acquittedPiel impf 2ms + sfx 1cs · נָקָה (H5352)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalנָקָה (H5352) 'then he shall be acquitted'.
15

אִם רָשַׁ֡עְתִּי אַלְלַ֬י לִ֗י וְ֭צָדַקְתִּי לֹא אֶשָּׂ֣א רֹאשִׁ֑י שְׂבַ֥ע קָ֝ל֗וֹן וּרְאֵ֥ה עָנְיִֽי

If I be wicked, woe to me; and I be righteous, will I not lift up my head. full of confusion; therefore see you mine affliction;

Qatal — perfective or stative predicationʼim
Conditional ʼim. Qatal — perfective or stative predication. Lead predicate is 'and they condemn'.
Word-by-word analysis· 12 words
אִםifconj וְ · אִם (H518)Particle or relational elementאִם (H518) 'if'.
רָשַׁ֡עְתִּיand they condemnQal perf 1cs · רָשַׁע (H7561)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actרָשַׁע (H7561) 'and they condemn'.
אַלְלַ֬יwoeparticle · אַלְלַי (H480)Particle or relational elementאַלְלַי (H480) 'woe'.
לִ֗יto meprep + sfx 1csParticle or relational elementFunction word: 'to me'.
וְ֭צָדַקְתִּיand they justifyconj וְ + Qal q 1cs · צָדַק (H6663)Particle or relational elementצָדַק (H6663) 'and they justify'.
לֹאnotneg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'not'.
אֶשָּׂ֣אcan I bearQal impf 1cs · נָשָׂא (H5375)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalנָשָׂא (H5375) 'can I bear'.
רֹאשִׁ֑יthe heads ofN c · רֹאשׁ (H7218)Construct chain (genitival)רֹאשׁ (H7218) 'the heads of'.
שְׂבַ֥עsated withAdj · שָׂבֵעַ (H7649)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שָׂבֵעַ (H7649) 'sated with'.
קָ֝ל֗וֹןconfusionN c · קָלוֹן (H7036)Construct chain (genitival)קָלוֹן (H7036) 'confusion'.
וּרְאֵ֥הandconj וְ + Qal impv 2ms · רָאֶה (H7202)Predicate verb (imperative)→ Volitional: imperativeרָאֶה (H7202) 'and'.
עָנְיִֽיmy afflictionN c · עֳנִי (H6040)Construct chain (genitival)עֳנִי (H6040) 'my affliction'.
16

וְ֭יִגְאֶה כַּשַּׁ֣חַל תְּצוּדֵ֑נִי וְ֝תָשֹׁ֗ב תִּתְפַּלָּא בִֽי

For it increaseth. You huntest me as a fierce lion: and again you shewest thyself marvellous upon me.

Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'he has triumphed gloriously'.
Word-by-word analysis· 6 words
וְ֭יִגְאֶהhe has triumphed gloriouslyconj וְ + Qal impf 3ms · גָּאָה (H1342)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalגָּאָה (H1342) 'he has triumphed gloriously'.
כַּשַּׁ֣חַלas / likeprep + art + N com m sg abs · שַׁחַל (H7826)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שַׁחַל (H7826) 'as / like'.
תְּצוּדֵ֑נִיand huntQal impf 2ms + sfx 1cs · צוּד (H6679)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalצוּד (H6679) 'and hunt'.
וְ֝תָשֹׁ֗בand she returnedconj וְ + Qal impf 2ms · שׁוּב (H7725)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalשׁוּב (H7725) 'and she returned'.
תִּתְפַּלָּאto fulfillHithpael impf 2ms · פָּלָא (H6381)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalפָּלָא (H6381) 'to fulfill'.
בִֽיagainst meprep + sfx 1csParticle or relational elementFunction word: 'against me'.
17

תְּחַדֵּ֬שׁ עֵדֶ֨יךָ נֶגְדִּ֗י וְתֶ֣רֶב כַּֽ֭עַשְׂךָ עִמָּדִ֑י חֲלִיפ֖וֹת וְצָבָ֣א עִמִּֽי

You renewest your witnesses against me, and increasest your indignation upon me; changes and war against me.

Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented.
Word-by-word analysis· 9 words
תְּחַדֵּ֬שׁandPiel impf 2ms · חָדַשׁ (H2318)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalחָדַשׁ (H2318) 'and'.
עֵדֶ֨יךָa witnessN c · עֵד (H5707)Construct chain (genitival)עֵד (H5707) 'a witness'.
נֶגְדִּ֗יat a distanceprep + sfx 1cs · נֶגֶד (H5048)Particle or relational elementנֶגֶד (H5048) 'at a distance'.
וְתֶ֣רֶבbut was greaterconj וְ + Hiphil jussive 2ms · רָבָה (H7235)Predicate verb (jussive)→ Jussive: volitionalרָבָה (H7235) 'but was greater'.
כַּֽ֭עַשְׂךָthe provocation ofN c · כַּעַס (H3708)Construct chain (genitival)כַּעַס (H3708) 'the provocation of'.
עִמָּדִ֑יwith meprep + sfx 1cs · עִמָּד (H5978)Particle or relational elementעִמָּד (H5978) 'with me'.
חֲלִיפ֖וֹתchanges ofN c · חֲלִיפָה (H2487)Construct chain (genitival)חֲלִיפָה (H2487) 'changes of'.
וְצָבָ֣אof troopsconj וְ + N com c sg abs · צָבָא (H6635)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)צָבָא (H6635) 'of troops'.
עִמִּֽיwith meprep + sfx 1cs · עִם (H5973)Particle or relational elementעִם (H5973) 'with me'.
18

וְלָ֣מָּה מֵ֭רֶחֶם הֹצֵאתָ֑נִי אֶ֝גְוַ֗ע וְעַ֣יִן לֹא תִרְאֵֽנִי

Wherefore then have you brought me forth out of the womb? Oh that I had given up the ghost, and no eye had seen me!

Qatal — perfective or stative predication
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Qatal — perfective or stative predication. Lead predicate is 'and he went out'.
Word-by-word analysis· 7 words
וְלָ֣מָּהand whyconj וְ + prep + interrog. · מָה (H4100)Particle or relational elementמָה (H4100) 'and why'.
מֵ֭רֶחֶםfrom the womb ofprep + N com m sg abs · רֶחֶם (H7358)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)רֶחֶם (H7358) 'from the womb of'.
הֹצֵאתָ֑נִיand he went outHiphil perf 2ms + sfx 1cs · יָצָא (H3318)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actיָצָא (H3318) 'and he went out'.
אֶ֝גְוַ֗עbreathed his lastQal impf 1cs · גָּוַע (H1478)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalגָּוַע (H1478) 'breathed his last'.
וְעַ֣יִןin the eyes ofconj וְ + N com c sg abs · עַיִן (H5869)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עַיִן (H5869) 'in the eyes of'.
לֹאnotneg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'not'.
תִרְאֵֽנִיand he sawQal impf 3fs + sfx 1cs · רָאָה (H7200)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalרָאָה (H7200) 'and he saw'.
19

כַּאֲשֶׁ֣ר לֹא הָיִ֣יתִי אֶהְיֶ֑ה מִ֝בֶּ֗טֶן לַקֶּ֥בֶר אוּבָֽל

I should have been as though I had not been; I should have been carried from the womb to the grave.

Qatal — perfective or stative predicationasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Qatal — perfective or stative predication. Lead predicate is 'I have been'.
Word-by-word analysis· 7 words
כַּאֲשֶׁ֣רjust asprep + rel. שֶׁ · אֲשֶׁר (H834)Particle or relational elementאֲשֶׁר (H834) 'just as'.
לֹאnotneg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'not'.
הָיִ֣יתִיI have beenQal perf 1cs · הָיָה (H1961)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actהָיָה (H1961) 'I have been'.
אֶהְיֶ֑הI will beQal impf 1cs · הָיָה (H1961)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalהָיָה (H1961) 'I will be'.
מִ֝בֶּ֗טֶןfrom the womb ofprep + N com f sg abs · בֶּטֶן (H990)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)בֶּטֶן (H990) 'from the womb of'.
לַקֶּ֥בֶרa graveprep + art + N com m sg abs · קֶבֶר (H6913)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)קֶבֶר (H6913) 'a grave'.
אוּבָֽלbringHophal impf 1cs · יָבַל (H2986)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalיָבַל (H2986) 'bring'.
20

הֲלֹא מְעַ֣ט יָמַ֣י יחדל וַחֲדָ֑ל ישית וְשִׁ֥ית מִ֝מֶּ֗נִּי וְאַבְלִ֥יגָה מְּעָֽט

not my days few? cease let me alone, that I may take comfort a little,

Jussive — volitionalasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Jussive — volitional. Lead predicate is 'will cease'.
Word-by-word analysis· 10 words
הֲלֹאis it notinterrog. + neg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'is it not'.
מְעַ֣טa littleN c · מְעַט (H4592)Construct chain (genitival)מְעַט (H4592) 'a little'.
יָמַ֣יthe days ofN c · יוֹם (H3117)Construct chain (genitival)יוֹם (H3117) 'the days of'.
יחדלwill ceaseQal jussive 3ms · חָדַל (H2308)Predicate verb (jussive)→ Jussive: volitionalחָדַל (H2308) 'will cease'.
וַחֲדָ֑לand refrainsconj וְ + Qal impv 2ms · חָדַל (H2308)Predicate verb (imperative)→ Volitional: imperativeחָדַל (H2308) 'and refrains'.
ישיתhe shall imposeQal jussive 3ms · שִׁית (H7896)Predicate verb (jussive)→ Jussive: volitionalשִׁית (H7896) 'he shall impose'.
וְשִׁ֥יתis imposedconj וְ + Qal impv 2ms · שִׁית (H7896)Predicate verb (imperative)→ Volitional: imperativeשִׁית (H7896) 'is imposed'.
מִ֝מֶּ֗נִּיfrom meprep + sfx 1cs · מִן (H4480)Particle or relational elementמִן (H4480) 'from me'.
וְאַבְלִ֥יגָהcomfortconj וְ + Hiphil cohortative 1cs · בָּלַג (H1082)Predicate verb (weqatal / cohortative)→ Weqatal/cohortative: sequential or volitionalבָּלַג (H1082) 'comfort'.
מְּעָֽטa littleart · מְעַט (H4592)Particle or relational elementמְעַט (H4592) 'a little'.
21

בְּטֶ֣רֶם אֵ֭לֵךְ וְלֹ֣א אָשׁ֑וּב אֶל אֶ֖רֶץ חֹ֣שֶׁךְ וְצַלְמָֽוֶת

Before I go I shall not return, to the land of darkness and the shadow of death;

Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-orientedasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'I will go'.
Word-by-word analysis· 8 words
בְּטֶ֣רֶםbeforeprep + art · טֶרֶם (H2962)Particle or relational elementטֶרֶם (H2962) 'before'.
אֵ֭לֵךְI will goQal impf 1cs · הָלַךְ (H3212)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalהָלַךְ (H3212) 'I will go'.
וְלֹ֣אand notconj וְ + neg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'and not'.
אָשׁ֑וּבI will returnQal impf 1cs · שׁוּב (H7725)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalשׁוּב (H7725) 'I will return'.
אֶלtoprep · אֶל (H413)Particle or relational elementאֶל (H413) 'to'.
אֶ֖רֶץthe land ofN c · אֶרֶץ (H776)Construct chain (genitival)אֶרֶץ (H776) 'the land of'.
חֹ֣שֶׁךְdarknessN c · חֹשֶׁךְ (H2822)Construct chain (genitival)חֹשֶׁךְ (H2822) 'darkness'.
וְצַלְמָֽוֶתshadow of deathconj וְ + N com m sg abs · צַלְמָוֶת (H6757)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)צַלְמָוֶת (H6757) 'shadow of death'.
22

אֶ֤רֶץ עֵיפָ֨תָה כְּמ֥וֹ אֹ֗פֶל צַ֭לְמָוֶת וְלֹ֥א סְדָרִ֗ים וַתֹּ֥פַע כְּמוֹ אֹֽפֶל

A land of darkness, as darkness of the shadow of death, without any order, and the light as darkness.

Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential actionasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action. Lead predicate is 'he shone forth'. Closes the chapter.
Word-by-word analysis· 10 words
אֶ֤רֶץthe land ofN c · אֶרֶץ (H776)Construct chain (genitival)אֶרֶץ (H776) 'the land of'.
עֵיפָ֨תָהdarknessN c · עֵיפָה (H5890)Construct chain (genitival)עֵיפָה (H5890) 'darkness'.
כְּמ֥וֹlikeprep · כְּמוֹ (H3644)Particle or relational elementכְּמוֹ (H3644) 'like'.
אֹ֗פֶלandN c · אֹפֶל (H652)Construct chain (genitival)אֹפֶל (H652) 'and'.
צַ֭לְמָוֶתshadow of deathN c · צַלְמָוֶת (H6757)Construct chain (genitival)צַלְמָוֶת (H6757) 'shadow of death'.
וְלֹ֥אand notconj וְ + neg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'and not'.
סְדָרִ֗יםorderN c · סֶדֶר (H5468)Construct chain (genitival)סֶדֶר (H5468) 'order'.
וַתֹּ֥פַעhe shone forthconj וְ + Hiphil wayyiqtol 3fs · יָפַע (H3313)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceיָפַע (H3313) 'he shone forth'.
כְּמוֹlikeprep · כְּמוֹ (H3644)Particle or relational elementכְּמוֹ (H3644) 'like'.
אֹֽפֶלandN c · אֹפֶל (H652)Construct chain (genitival)אֹפֶל (H652) 'and'.