1
אֶל חִכְּךָ֣ שֹׁפָ֔ר כַּנֶּ֖שֶׁר עַל בֵּ֣ית יְהוָ֑ה יַ֚עַן עָבְר֣וּ בְרִיתִ֔י וְעַל תּוֹרָתִ֖י פָּשָֽׁעוּ
the trumpet to your mouth. as an eagle against the house of YHWH, because they have transgressed my covenant, and trespassed against my law.
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Qatal — perfective or stative predication. Lead predicate is 'cross over'. Opens the chapter.
Word-by-word analysis· 13 words
אֶלtoprep · אֶל (H413)Particle or relational elementאֶל (H413) 'to'.
חִכְּךָ֣(roof of the) mouthN c · חֵךְ (H2441)Construct chain (genitival)חֵךְ (H2441) '(roof of the) mouth'.
שֹׁפָ֔רa trumpetN c · שׁוֹפָר (H7782)Construct chain (genitival)שׁוֹפָר (H7782) 'a trumpet'.
כַּנֶּ֖שֶׁרlike an eagleprep + art + N com m sg abs · נֶשֶׁר (H5404)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)נֶשֶׁר (H5404) 'like an eagle'.
עַלonprep · עַל (H5921)Particle or relational elementעַל (H5921) 'on'.
בֵּ֣יתthe house ofN c · בַּיִת (H1004)Construct chain (genitival)בַּיִת (H1004) 'the house of'.
יְהוָ֑הYHWHN · יְהוָה (H3068)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוָה (H3068) 'YHWH'.
יַ֚עַןbecauseconj וְ · יַעַן (H3282)Particle or relational elementיַעַן (H3282) 'because'.
עָבְר֣וּcross overQal perf 3cp · עָבַר (H5674)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actעָבַר (H5674) 'cross over'.
בְרִיתִ֔יmy covenantN c · בְּרִית (H1285)Construct chain (genitival)בְּרִית (H1285) 'my covenant'.
וְעַלand onconj וְ + prep · עַל (H5921)Particle or relational elementעַל (H5921) 'and on'.
תּוֹרָתִ֖יthe torahN c · תּוֹרָה (H8451)Construct chain (genitival)תּוֹרָה (H8451) 'the torah'.
פָּשָֽׁעוּoffendQal perf 3cp · פָּשַׁע (H6586)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actפָּשַׁע (H6586) 'offend'.
2
לִ֖י יִזְעָ֑קוּ אֱלֹהַ֥י יְֽדַעֲנ֖וּךָ יִשְׂרָאֵֽל
Israel shall cry to me, My God, we know you.
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'and they cried out'.
Word-by-word analysis· 5 words
לִ֖יto meprep + sfx 1csParticle or relational elementFunction word: 'to me'.
יִזְעָ֑קוּand they cried outQal impf 3mp · זָעַק (H2199)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalזָעַק (H2199) 'and they cried out'.
אֱלֹהַ֥יthe God ofN c · אֱלֹהִים (H430)Construct chain (genitival)אֱלֹהִים (H430) 'the God of'.
יְֽדַעֲנ֖וּךָI knowQal perf 1cp + sfx 2ms · יָדַע (H3045)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actיָדַע (H3045) 'I know'.
יִשְׂרָאֵֽלIsraelN · יִשְׂרָאֵל (H3478)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יִשְׂרָאֵל (H3478) 'Israel'.
3
זָנַ֥ח יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל ט֑וֹב אוֹיֵ֖ב יִרְדְּֽפוֹ
Israel has cast off good: the enemy shall pursue him.
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Qatal — perfective or stative predication.
Word-by-word analysis· 5 words
זָנַ֥חandQal perf 3ms · זָנַח (H2186)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actזָנַח (H2186) 'and'.
יִשְׂרָאֵ֖לIsraelN · יִשְׂרָאֵל (H3478)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יִשְׂרָאֵל (H3478) 'Israel'.
ט֑וֹבgoodAdj · טוֹב (H2896)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)טוֹב (H2896) 'good'.
אוֹיֵ֖בthe enemyQal ptc ms · אֹיֵב (H341)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorאֹיֵב (H341) 'the enemy'.
יִרְדְּֽפוֹshall pursueQal impf 3ms + sfx 3ms · רָדַף (H7291)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalרָדַף (H7291) 'shall pursue'.
4
הֵ֤ם הִמְלִיכוּ֙ וְלֹ֣א מִמֶּ֔נִּי הֵשִׂ֖ירוּ וְלֹ֣א יָדָ֑עְתִּי כַּסְפָּ֣ם וּזְהָבָ֗ם עָשׂ֤וּ לָהֶם֙ עֲצַבִּ֔ים לְמַ֖עַן יִכָּרֵֽת
They have set up kings, but not by me: they have made princes, and I knew not: of their silver and their gold have they made them idols, that they may be cut off.
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Qatal — perfective or stative predication. Lead predicate is 'and reigned'.
Word-by-word analysis· 14 words
הֵ֤םtheypron 3mp · הֵמָּה (H1992)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)הֵמָּה (H1992) 'they'.
הִמְלִיכוּ֙and reignedHiphil perf 3cp · מָלַךְ (H4427)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actמָלַךְ (H4427) 'and reigned'.
וְלֹ֣אand notconj וְ + neg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'and not'.
מִמֶּ֔נִּיfrom meprep + sfx 1cs · מִן (H4480)Particle or relational elementמִן (H4480) 'from me'.
הֵשִׂ֖ירוּyou make yourself rulerHiphil perf 3cp · שָׂרַר (H8323)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actשָׂרַר (H8323) 'you make yourself ruler'.
וְלֹ֣אand notconj וְ + neg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'and not'.
יָדָ֑עְתִּיI knowQal perf 1cs · יָדַע (H3045)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actיָדַע (H3045) 'I know'.
כַּסְפָּ֣םsilverN c · כֶּסֶף (H3701)Construct chain (genitival)כֶּסֶף (H3701) 'silver'.
וּזְהָבָ֗םgoldconj וְ + N com m sg constr + sfx 3mp · זָהָב (H2091)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)זָהָב (H2091) 'gold'.
עָשׂ֤וּthey didQal perf 3cp · עָשָׂה (H6213)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actעָשָׂה (H6213) 'they did'.
לָהֶם֙to themprep + sfx 3mpParticle or relational elementFunction word: 'to them'.
עֲצַבִּ֔יםidolN c · עָצָב (H6091)Construct chain (genitival)עָצָב (H6091) 'idol'.
לְמַ֖עַןso thatprep · לְמַעַן (H4616)Particle or relational elementלְמַעַן (H4616) 'so that'.
יִכָּרֵֽתshall be cut offN · כָּרַת (H3772)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)כָּרַת (H3772) 'shall be cut off'.
5
זָנַח֙ עֶגְלֵ֣ךְ שֹֽׁמְר֔וֹן חָרָ֥ה אַפִּ֖י בָּ֑ם עַד מָתַ֕י לֹ֥א יוּכְל֖וּ נִקָּיֹֽן
Your calf, O Samaria, has cast off; mine anger is kindled against them: how long ere they attain to innocency?
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Qatal — perfective or stative predication.
Word-by-word analysis· 11 words
זָנַח֙andQal perf 3ms · זָנַח (H2186)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actזָנַח (H2186) 'and'.
עֶגְלֵ֣ךְa calf ofN c · עֵגֶל (H5695)Construct chain (genitival)עֵגֶל (H5695) 'a calf of'.
שֹֽׁמְר֔וֹןSamariaN · שֹׁמְרוֹן (H8111)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שֹׁמְרוֹן (H8111) 'Samaria'.
חָרָ֥הhas it burnedQal perf 3ms · חָרָה (H2734)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actחָרָה (H2734) 'has it burned'.
אַפִּ֖יmy angerN c · אַף (H639)Construct chain (genitival)אַף (H639) 'my anger'.
בָּ֑םagainst themprep + sfx 3mpParticle or relational elementFunction word: 'against them'.
עַדuntilprep · עַד (H5704)Particle or relational elementעַד (H5704) 'until'.
מָתַ֕יwheninterrog. · מָתַי (H4970)Particle or relational elementמָתַי (H4970) 'when'.
לֹ֥אnotneg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'not'.
יוּכְל֖וּwere able [Kethiv]Qal impf 3mp · יָכֹל (H3201)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalיָכֹל (H3201) 'were able [Kethiv]'.
נִקָּיֹֽןand in the innocence ofN c · נִקָּיוֹן (H5356)Construct chain (genitival)נִקָּיוֹן (H5356) 'and in the innocence of'.
6
כִּ֤י מִיִּשְׂרָאֵל֙ וְה֔וּא חָרָ֣שׁ עָשָׂ֔הוּ וְלֹ֥א אֱלֹהִ֖ים ה֑וּא כִּֽי שְׁבָבִ֣ים יִֽהְיֶ֔ה עֵ֖גֶל שֹׁמְרֽוֹן
For from Israel it also: the workman made it; therefore it not God: but the calf of Samaria shall be broken in pieces.
kî-clause (causal, recitative, or evidential). Qatal — perfective or stative predication. Lead predicate is 'who made him'.
Word-by-word analysis· 13 words
כִּ֤יforconj וְ · כִּי (H3588)Particle or relational elementכִּי (H3588) 'for'.
מִיִּשְׂרָאֵל֙from Israelprep + N proper · יִשְׂרָאֵל (H3478)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יִשְׂרָאֵל (H3478) 'from Israel'.
וְה֔וּאand heconj וְ + pron 3ms · הִיא (H1931)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)הִיא (H1931) 'and he'.
חָרָ֣שׁa craftsmanN c · חָרָשׁ (H2796)Construct chain (genitival)חָרָשׁ (H2796) 'a craftsman'.
עָשָׂ֔הוּwho made himQal perf 3ms + sfx 3ms · עָשָׂה (H6213)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actעָשָׂה (H6213) 'who made him'.
וְלֹ֥אand notconj וְ + neg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'and not'.
אֱלֹהִ֖יםGodN c · אֱלֹהִים (H430)Construct chain (genitival)אֱלֹהִים (H430) 'God'.
ה֑וּאhepron 3ms · הִיא (H1931)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)הִיא (H1931) 'he'.
כִּֽיforconj וְ · כִּי (H3588)Particle or relational elementכִּי (H3588) 'for'.
שְׁבָבִ֣יםbroken in piecesN c · שָׁבָב (H7616)Construct chain (genitival)שָׁבָב (H7616) 'broken in pieces'.
יִֽהְיֶ֔הshall beQal impf 3ms · הָיָה (H1961)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalהָיָה (H1961) 'shall be'.
עֵ֖גֶלa calf ofN c · עֵגֶל (H5695)Construct chain (genitival)עֵגֶל (H5695) 'a calf of'.
שֹׁמְרֽוֹןSamariaN · שֹׁמְרוֹן (H8111)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שֹׁמְרוֹן (H8111) 'Samaria'.
7
כִּ֛י ר֥וּחַ יִזְרָ֖עוּ וְסוּפָ֣תָה יִקְצֹ֑רוּ קָמָ֣ה אֵֽין ל֗וֹ צֶ֚מַח בְּלִ֣י יַֽעֲשֶׂה קֶּ֔מַח אוּלַ֣י יַֽעֲשֶׂ֔ה זָרִ֖ים יִבְלָעֻֽהוּ
For they have sown the wind, and they shall reap the whirlwind: it has no stalk: the bud shall yield no meal: if so be it yield, the strangers shall swallow it up.
kî-clause (causal, recitative, or evidential). Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'you shall sow'.
Word-by-word analysis· 16 words
כִּ֛יforconj וְ · כִּי (H3588)Particle or relational elementכִּי (H3588) 'for'.
ר֥וּחַa spirit ofN c · רוּחַ (H7307)Construct chain (genitival)רוּחַ (H7307) 'a spirit of'.
יִזְרָ֖עוּyou shall sowQal impf 3mp · זָרַע (H2232)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalזָרַע (H2232) 'you shall sow'.
וְסוּפָ֣תָהin Suphahconj וְ + N com f sg abs + Sh · סוּפָה (H5492)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)סוּפָה (H5492) 'in Suphah'.
יִקְצֹ֑רוּand it became impatientQal impf 3mp · קָצַר (H7114)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalקָצַר (H7114) 'and it became impatient'.
קָמָ֣הin the standing grainN c · קָמָה (H7054)Construct chain (genitival)קָמָה (H7054) 'in the standing grain'.
אֵֽיןthere is notneg. · אַיִן (H369)Particle or relational elementאַיִן (H369) 'there is not'.
ל֗וֹto himprep + sfx 3msParticle or relational elementFunction word: 'to him'.
צֶ֚מַחand the growth ofN c · צֶמַח (H6780)Construct chain (genitival)צֶמַח (H6780) 'and the growth of'.
בְּלִ֣יwithoutneg. · בְּלִי (H1097)Particle or relational elementבְּלִי (H1097) 'without'.
יַֽעֲשֶׂהhe shall doQal impf 3ms · עָשָׂה (H6213)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalעָשָׂה (H6213) 'he shall do'.
קֶּ֔מַחflourN c · קֶמַח (H7058)Construct chain (genitival)קֶמַח (H7058) 'flour'.
אוּלַ֣יperhapsart · אוּלַי (H194)Particle or relational elementאוּלַי (H194) 'perhaps'.
יַֽעֲשֶׂ֔הhe shall doQal impf 3ms · עָשָׂה (H6213)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalעָשָׂה (H6213) 'he shall do'.
זָרִ֖יםan outsiderAdj · זָר (H2114)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)זָר (H2114) 'an outsider'.
יִבְלָעֻֽהוּand it swallowedQal impf 3mp + sfx 3ms · בָּלַע (H1104)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalבָּלַע (H1104) 'and it swallowed'.
8
נִבְלַ֖ע יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל עַתָּה֙ הָי֣וּ בַגּוֹיִ֔ם כִּכְלִ֖י אֵֽין חֵ֥פֶץ בּֽוֹ
Israel is swallowed up: now shall they be among the Gentiles as a vessel wherein no pleasure.
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Qatal — perfective or stative predication. Lead predicate is 'were'.
Word-by-word analysis· 9 words
נִבְלַ֖עand it swallowedN · בָּלַע (H1104)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)בָּלַע (H1104) 'and it swallowed'.
יִשְׂרָאֵ֑לIsraelN · יִשְׂרָאֵל (H3478)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יִשְׂרָאֵל (H3478) 'Israel'.
עַתָּה֙nowart · עַתָּה (H6258)Particle or relational elementעַתָּה (H6258) 'now'.
הָי֣וּwereQal perf 3cp · הָיָה (H1961)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actהָיָה (H1961) 'were'.
בַגּוֹיִ֔םamong the nationsprep + art + N com m pl abs · גּוֹי (H1471)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)גּוֹי (H1471) 'among the nations'.
כִּכְלִ֖יits vesselsprep + N com m sg abs · כְּלִי (H3627)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)כְּלִי (H3627) 'its vessels'.
אֵֽיןthere is notneg. · אַיִן (H369)Particle or relational elementאַיִן (H369) 'there is not'.
חֵ֥פֶץacceptableN c · חֵפֶץ (H2656)Construct chain (genitival)חֵפֶץ (H2656) 'acceptable'.
בּֽוֹin itprep + sfx 3msParticle or relational elementFunction word: 'in it'.
9
כִּֽי הֵ֨מָּה֙ עָל֣וּ אַשּׁ֔וּר פֶּ֖רֶא בּוֹדֵ֣ד ל֑וֹ אֶפְרַ֖יִם הִתְנ֥וּ אֲהָבִֽים
For they are gone up to Assyria, a wild ass alone by himself: Ephraim has hired lovers.
kî-clause (causal, recitative, or evidential). Qatal — perfective or stative predication. Lead predicate is 'went up'.
Word-by-word analysis· 10 words
כִּֽיforconj וְ · כִּי (H3588)Particle or relational elementכִּי (H3588) 'for'.
הֵ֨מָּה֙theypron 3mp · הֵמָּה (H1992)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)הֵמָּה (H1992) 'they'.
עָל֣וּwent upQal perf 3cp · עָלָה (H5927)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actעָלָה (H5927) 'went up'.
אַשּׁ֔וּרAsshurN · אַשּׁוּר (H804)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אַשּׁוּר (H804) 'Asshur'.
פֶּ֖רֶאwild donkey ofN c · פֶּרֶא (H6501)Construct chain (genitival)פֶּרֶא (H6501) 'wild donkey of'.
בּוֹדֵ֣דaloneQal ptc ms · בָּדַד (H909)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorבָּדַד (H909) 'alone'.
ל֑וֹto himprep + sfx 3msParticle or relational elementFunction word: 'to him'.
אֶפְרַ֖יִםEphraimN · אֶפְרַיִם (H669)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֶפְרַיִם (H669) 'Ephraim'.
הִתְנ֥וּhireHiphil perf 3cp · תָּנָה (H8566)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actתָּנָה (H8566) 'hire'.
אֲהָבִֽיםloveN c · אַהַב (H158)Construct chain (genitival)אַהַב (H158) 'love'.
10
גַּ֛ם כִּֽי יִתְנ֥וּ בַגּוֹיִ֖ם עַתָּ֣ה אֲקַבְּצֵ֑ם וַיָּחֵ֣לּוּ מְּעָ֔ט מִמַּשָּׂ֖א מֶ֥לֶךְ שָׂרִֽים
Yea, though they have hired among the nations, now will I gather them, and they shall sorrow a little for the burden of the king of princes.
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'hire'.
Word-by-word analysis· 11 words
גַּ֛םalsoparticle · גַּם (H1571)Particle or relational elementגַּם (H1571) 'also'.
כִּֽיforconj וְ · כִּי (H3588)Particle or relational elementכִּי (H3588) 'for'.
יִתְנ֥וּhireQal impf 3mp · תָּנָה (H8566)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalתָּנָה (H8566) 'hire'.
בַגּוֹיִ֖םamong the nationsprep + art + N com m pl abs · גּוֹי (H1471)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)גּוֹי (H1471) 'among the nations'.
עַתָּ֣הnowart · עַתָּה (H6258)Particle or relational elementעַתָּה (H6258) 'now'.
אֲקַבְּצֵ֑םand he gatheredPiel impf 1cs + sfx 3mp · קָבַץ (H6908)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalקָבַץ (H6908) 'and he gathered'.
וַיָּחֵ֣לּוּbeganconj וְ + Hiphil wayyiqtol 3mp · חָלַל (H2490)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceחָלַל (H2490) 'began'.
מְּעָ֔טa littleAdj · מְעַט (H4592)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מְעַט (H4592) 'a little'.
מִמַּשָּׂ֖אburden ofprep + N com m sg constr · מַשָּׂא (H4853)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מַשָּׂא (H4853) 'burden of'.
מֶ֥לֶךְking ofN c · מֶלֶךְ (H4428)Construct chain (genitival)מֶלֶךְ (H4428) 'king of'.
שָׂרִֽיםprincesN c · שַׂר (H8269)Construct chain (genitival)שַׂר (H8269) 'princes'.
11
כִּֽי הִרְבָּ֥ה אֶפְרַ֛יִם מִזְבְּחֹ֖ת לַחֲטֹ֑א הָיוּ ל֥וֹ מִזְבְּח֖וֹת לַחֲטֹֽא
Because Ephraim has made many altars to sin, altars shall be to him to sin.
kî-clause (causal, recitative, or evidential). Qatal — perfective or stative predication. Lead predicate is 'greatly'.
Word-by-word analysis· 9 words
כִּֽיforconj וְ · כִּי (H3588)Particle or relational elementכִּי (H3588) 'for'.
הִרְבָּ֥הgreatlyHiphil perf 3ms · רָבָה (H7235)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actרָבָה (H7235) 'greatly'.
אֶפְרַ֛יִםEphraimN · אֶפְרַיִם (H669)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֶפְרַיִם (H669) 'Ephraim'.
מִזְבְּחֹ֖תaltarsN c · מִזְבֵּחַ (H4196)Construct chain (genitival)מִזְבֵּחַ (H4196) 'altars'.
לַחֲטֹ֑אto sinprep + Qal inf constr · חָטָא (H2398)Infinitive construct→ Infinitive construct: purpose, result, or complementחָטָא (H2398) 'to sin'.
הָיוּwereQal perf 3cp · הָיָה (H1961)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actהָיָה (H1961) 'were'.
ל֥וֹto himprep + sfx 3msParticle or relational elementFunction word: 'to him'.
מִזְבְּח֖וֹתthe altarN c · מִזְבֵּחַ (H4196)Construct chain (genitival)מִזְבֵּחַ (H4196) 'the altar'.
לַחֲטֹֽאto sinprep + Qal inf constr · חָטָא (H2398)Infinitive construct→ Infinitive construct: purpose, result, or complementחָטָא (H2398) 'to sin'.
12
אכתוב אֶ֨כְתָּב ל֔וֹ רבו רֻבֵּ֖י תּֽוֹרָתִ֑י כְּמוֹ זָ֖ר נֶחְשָֽׁבוּ
I have written to him the great things of my law, they were counted as a strange thing.
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'and he wrote'.
Word-by-word analysis· 9 words
אכתובand he wroteQal impf 1cs · כָּתַב (H3789)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalכָּתַב (H3789) 'and he wrote'.
אֶ֨כְתָּבand he wroteQal impf 1cs · כָּתַב (H3789)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalכָּתַב (H3789) 'and he wrote'.
ל֔וֹand he wroteprep + sfx 3ms · כָּתַב (H3789)Particle or relational elementכָּתַב (H3789) 'and he wrote'.
רבוgreat thingsN c · רִבּוֹ (H7239)Construct chain (genitival)רִבּוֹ (H7239) 'great things'.
רֻבֵּ֖יfor multitudeN c · רֹב (H7230)Construct chain (genitival)רֹב (H7230) 'for multitude'.
תּֽוֹרָתִ֑יthe torahN c · תּוֹרָה (H8451)Construct chain (genitival)תּוֹרָה (H8451) 'the torah'.
כְּמוֹlikeprep · כְּמוֹ (H3644)Particle or relational elementכְּמוֹ (H3644) 'like'.
זָ֖רan outsiderAdj · זָר (H2114)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)זָר (H2114) 'an outsider'.
נֶחְשָֽׁבוּa skilled designerN · חָשַׁב (H2803)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)חָשַׁב (H2803) 'a skilled designer'.
13
זִבְחֵ֣י הַבְהָבַ֗י יִזְבְּח֤וּ בָשָׂר֙ וַיֹּאכֵ֔לוּ יְהוָ֖ה לֹ֣א רָצָ֑ם עַתָּ֞ה יִזְכֹּ֤ר עֲוֺנָם֙ וְיִפְקֹ֣ד חַטֹּאותָ֔ם הֵ֖מָּה מִצְרַ֥יִם יָשֽׁוּבוּ
They sacrifice flesh the sacrifices of mine offerings, and eat YHWH accepteth them not; now will he remember their iniquity, and visit their sins: they shall return to Egypt.
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'they sacrificed'.
Word-by-word analysis· 16 words
זִבְחֵ֣יsacrifices ofN c · זֶבַח (H2077)Construct chain (genitival)זֶבַח (H2077) 'sacrifices of'.
הַבְהָבַ֗יofferingN c · הַבְהָב (H1890)Construct chain (genitival)הַבְהָב (H1890) 'offering'.
יִזְבְּח֤וּthey sacrificedQal impf 3mp · זָבַח (H2076)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalזָבַח (H2076) 'they sacrificed'.
בָשָׂר֙fleshN c · בָּשָׂר (H1320)Construct chain (genitival)בָּשָׂר (H1320) 'flesh'.
וַיֹּאכֵ֔לוּand they ateconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3mp · אָכַל (H398)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceאָכַל (H398) 'and they ate'.
יְהוָ֖הYHWHN · יְהוָה (H3068)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוָה (H3068) 'YHWH'.
לֹ֣אnotneg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'not'.
רָצָ֑םit shall be acceptedQal perf 3ms + sfx 3mp · רָצָה (H7521)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actרָצָה (H7521) 'it shall be accepted'.
עַתָּ֞הnowart · עַתָּה (H6258)Particle or relational elementעַתָּה (H6258) 'now'.
יִזְכֹּ֤רand you shall rememberQal impf 3ms · זָכַר (H2142)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalזָכַר (H2142) 'and you shall remember'.
עֲוֺנָם֙their iniquityN c · עָוֹן (H5771)Construct chain (genitival)עָוֹן (H5771) 'their iniquity'.
וְיִפְקֹ֣דSo he numberedconj וְ + Qal impf 3ms · פָּקַד (H6485)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalפָּקַד (H6485) 'So he numbered'.
חַטֹּאותָ֔םas a sin offeringN c · חַטָּאת (H2403)Construct chain (genitival)חַטָּאת (H2403) 'as a sin offering'.
הֵ֖מָּהtheypron 3mp · הֵמָּה (H1992)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)הֵמָּה (H1992) 'they'.
מִצְרַ֥יִםEgyptN · מִצְרַיִם (H4714)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מִצְרַיִם (H4714) 'Egypt'.
יָשֽׁוּבוּthey will returnQal impf 3mp · שׁוּב (H7725)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalשׁוּב (H7725) 'they will return'.
14
וַיִּשְׁכַּ֨ח יִשְׂרָאֵ֜ל אֶת עֹשֵׂ֗הוּ וַיִּ֨בֶן֙ הֵֽיכָל֔וֹת וִֽיהוּדָ֕ה הִרְבָּ֖ה עָרִ֣ים בְּצֻר֑וֹת וְשִׁלַּחְתִּי אֵ֣שׁ בְּעָרָ֔יו וְאָכְלָ֖ה אַרְמְנֹתֶֽיהָ
For Israel has forgotten his Maker, and buildeth temples; and Judah has multiplied fenced cities: but I will send a fire upon his cities, and it shall devour the palaces thereof.
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action. Lead predicate is 'you forget'. Closes the chapter.
Word-by-word analysis· 15 words
וַיִּשְׁכַּ֨חyou forgetconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · שָׁכַח (H7911)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceשָׁכַח (H7911) 'you forget'.
יִשְׂרָאֵ֜לIsraelN · יִשְׂרָאֵל (H3478)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יִשְׂרָאֵל (H3478) 'Israel'.
אֶת(obj)obj marker · אֵת (H853)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H853) '(obj)'.
עֹשֵׂ֗הוּwho made himQal ptc ms + sfx 3ms · עָשָׂה (H6213)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorעָשָׂה (H6213) 'who made him'.
וַיִּ֨בֶן֙and he builtconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · בָּנָה (H1129)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceבָּנָה (H1129) 'and he built'.
הֵֽיכָל֔וֹתpalaceN c · הֵיכָל (H1964)Construct chain (genitival)הֵיכָל (H1964) 'palace'.
וִֽיהוּדָ֕הand Judahconj וְ + N proper · יְהוּדָה (H3063)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוּדָה (H3063) 'and Judah'.
הִרְבָּ֖הgreatlyHiphil perf 3ms · רָבָה (H7235)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actרָבָה (H7235) 'greatly'.
עָרִ֣יםcitiesN c · עִיר (H5892)Construct chain (genitival)עִיר (H5892) 'cities'.
בְּצֻר֑וֹתfortifiedAdj · בָּצוּר (H1219)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)בָּצוּר (H1219) 'fortified'.
וְשִׁלַּחְתִּיand I will sendconj וְ + Piel q 1cs · שָׁלַח (H7971)Particle or relational elementשָׁלַח (H7971) 'and I will send'.
אֵ֣שׁfireN c · אֵשׁ (H784)Construct chain (genitival)אֵשׁ (H784) 'fire'.
בְּעָרָ֔יוthe cityprep + N com f pl constr + sfx 3ms · עִיר (H5892)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עִיר (H5892) 'the city'.
וְאָכְלָ֖הso I may eatconj וְ + Qal q 3fs · אָכַל (H398)Particle or relational elementאָכַל (H398) 'so I may eat'.
אַרְמְנֹתֶֽיהָcastleN c · אַרְמוֹן (H759)Construct chain (genitival)אַרְמוֹן (H759) 'castle'.