Hebrew Text · Translation · Interlinear · Discourse Structure

The Book of Ruth, Chapter 2רות 2

Each verse opens with the running Hebrew, an English translation, and a discourse note (its connective, relation, and role in the argument). Below follows the word-by-word breakdown in six tiers: gloss, case/state or parsing, syntax, semantic force, and a lexical note.

Case Nominative Genitive Dative Accusative Vocative Verb (no case) Indeclinable

Discourse notes head each verse: relation · connective · clause-flow. Indentation marks prominence — flush-left = main line of argument; indented = supporting / subordinate material.

Theme

Ruth 2 (23 verses in the MT) opens: And Naomi had a kinsman of her husband's, a mighty man of wealth, of the family of Elimelech; and his name Boaz. The middle of the chapter continues: YHWH recompense your work, and a full reward be given you of YHWH God of Israel, under whose wings you are come to trust. It closes: So she kept fast by the maidens of Boaz to glean to the end of barley harvest and of wheat harvest; and dwelt with her mother in law.

Translation & textual notes

The Hebrew base text here follows the Masoretic Text in the Leningrad tradition as represented by the Westminster Leningrad Codex / MorphHB diplomatic stream imported from OSHB; distinctively copyrighted apparatus from BHS or BHQ is not reproduced. Ruth 2 comprises 23 verses in MT order. Movement I (vv. 1-5) — And Naomi had a kinsman of her husband's, a mighty man of wealth, of the. And Naomi had a kinsman of her husband's, a mighty man of wealth, of the family of Elimelech; and his name Boaz. And Ruth the Moabitess said to Naomi, Let me now go to the field, and glean ears of corn after in whose sight I shall find grace. And she said to her, Go, my daughter. And she went, and came, and gleaned in the field after the reapers: and her. Movement II (vv. 6-10) — And the servant that was set over the reapers answered and said, It the. And the servant that was set over the reapers answered and said, It the Moabitish damsel that came back with Naomi out of the country of Moab: And she said, I pray you, let me glean and gather after the reapers among the sheaves: so she came, and has continued even from the morning until now, that she tarried a little in the house. Then said Boaz to Ruth,. Movement III (vv. 11-15) — And Boaz answered and said to her, It has fully been shewed me, all that. And Boaz answered and said to her, It has fully been shewed me, all that you have done to your mother in law since the death of your husband: and you have left your father and your mother, and the land of your nativity, and are come to a people which you knewest not heretofore. YHWH recompense your work, and a full reward be given you of YHWH God of Israel,. Movement IV (vv. 16-20) — And let fall also of the handfuls of purpose for her, and leave , that s. And let fall also of the handfuls of purpose for her, and leave , that she may glean , and rebuke her not. So she gleaned in the field until even, and beat out that she had gleaned: and it was about an ephah of barley. And she took up, and went into the city: and her mother in law saw what she had gleaned: and she brought forth, and gave to her that she had. Movement V (vv. 21-23) — And Ruth the Moabitess said, He said to me also, You shall keep fast by. And Ruth the Moabitess said, He said to me also, You shall keep fast by my young men, until they have ended all my harvest. And Naomi said to Ruth her daughter in law, good, my daughter, that you go out with his maidens, that they meet you not in any other field. So she kept fast by the maidens of Boaz to glean to the end of barley harvest and of wheat. Where English printed Bibles divide verses differently, this annotation follows MT versification throughout.

1

וּֽלְנָעֳמִ֞י מידע מוֹדַ֣ע לְאִישָׁ֗הּ אִ֚ישׁ גִּבּ֣וֹר חַ֔יִל מִמִּשְׁפַּ֖חַת אֱלִימֶ֑לֶךְ וּשְׁמ֖וֹ בֹּֽעַז

And Naomi had a kinsman of her husband's, a mighty man of wealth, of the family of Elimelech; and his name Boaz.

Participle — attendant circumstance or substantival actor
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Participle — attendant circumstance or substantival actor. Lead predicate is 'I know'. Opens the chapter.
Word-by-word analysis· 11 words
וּֽלְנָעֳמִ֞יandconj וְ + prep + N proper · נׇעֳמִי (H5281)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)נׇעֳמִי (H5281) 'and'.
מידעI knowPual ptc ms · יָדַע (H3045)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorיָדַע (H3045) 'I know'.
מוֹדַ֣עkinswomanN c · מוֹדַע (H4129)Construct chain (genitival)מוֹדַע (H4129) 'kinswoman'.
לְאִישָׁ֗הּto her husbandprep + N com m sg constr + sfx 3fs · אִישׁ (H376)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אִישׁ (H376) 'to her husband'.
אִ֚ישׁa manN c · אִישׁ (H376)Construct chain (genitival)אִישׁ (H376) 'a man'.
גִּבּ֣וֹרmightyAdj · גִּבּוֹר (H1368)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)גִּבּוֹר (H1368) 'mighty'.
חַ֔יִלabilityN c · חַיִל (H2428)Construct chain (genitival)חַיִל (H2428) 'ability'.
מִמִּשְׁפַּ֖חַתfrom the clans ofprep + N com f sg constr · מִשְׁפָּחָה (H4940)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מִשְׁפָּחָה (H4940) 'from the clans of'.
אֱלִימֶ֑לֶךְElimelechN · אֱלִימֶלֶךְ (H458)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֱלִימֶלֶךְ (H458) 'Elimelech'.
וּשְׁמ֖וֹand his nameconj וְ + N com m sg constr + sfx 3ms · שֵׁם (H8034)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שֵׁם (H8034) 'and his name'.
בֹּֽעַזBoazN · בֹּעַז (H1162)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)בֹּעַז (H1162) 'Boaz'.
2

וַתֹּאמֶר֩ ר֨וּת הַמּוֹאֲבִיָּ֜ה אֶֽל נָעֳמִ֗י אֵֽלְכָה נָּ֤א הַשָּׂדֶה֙ וַאֲלַקֳטָּ֣ה בַשִׁבֳּלִ֔ים אַחַ֕ר אֲשֶׁ֥ר אֶמְצָא חֵ֖ן בְּעֵינָ֑יו וַתֹּ֥אמֶר לָ֖הּ לְכִ֥י בִתִּֽי

And Ruth the Moabitess said to Naomi, Let me now go to the field, and glean ears of corn after in whose sight I shall find grace. And she said to her, Go, my daughter.

Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action. Lead predicate is 'and she said'. Speech formula or quoted address.
Word-by-word analysis· 19 words
וַתֹּאמֶר֩and she saidconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3fs · אָמַר (H559)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceאָמַר (H559) 'and she said'.
ר֨וּתRuthN · רוּת (H7327)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)רוּת (H7327) 'Ruth'.
הַמּוֹאֲבִיָּ֜הbut the Moabitesart + N gentilic f sg abs · מוֹאָבִי (H4125)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מוֹאָבִי (H4125) 'but the Moabites'.
אֶֽלtoprep · אֶל (H413)Particle or relational elementאֶל (H413) 'to'.
נָעֳמִ֗יNaomiN · נׇעֳמִי (H5281)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)נׇעֳמִי (H5281) 'Naomi'.
אֵֽלְכָהlet me goQal cohortative 1cs · הָלַךְ (H3212)Predicate verb (weqatal / cohortative)→ Weqatal/cohortative: sequential or volitionalהָלַךְ (H3212) 'let me go'.
נָּ֤אpleaseparticle · נָא (H4994)Particle or relational elementנָא (H4994) 'please'.
הַשָּׂדֶה֙the fieldart + N com m sg abs · שָׂדֶה (H7704)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שָׂדֶה (H7704) 'the field'.
וַאֲלַקֳטָּ֣הyou shall gatherconj וְ + Piel cohortative 1cs · לָקַט (H3950)Predicate verb (weqatal / cohortative)→ Weqatal/cohortative: sequential or volitionalלָקַט (H3950) 'you shall gather'.
בַשִׁבֳּלִ֔יםthe earsprep + art + N com f pl abs · שִׁבֹּלֶת (H7641)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שִׁבֹּלֶת (H7641) 'the ears'.
אַחַ֕רafterprep · אַחַר (H310)Particle or relational elementאַחַר (H310) 'after'.
אֲשֶׁ֥רthatrel. שֶׁ · אֲשֶׁר (H834)Particle or relational elementאֲשֶׁר (H834) 'that'.
אֶמְצָאI findQal impf 1cs · מָצָא (H4672)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalמָצָא (H4672) 'I find'.
חֵ֖ןfavorN c · חֵן (H2580)Construct chain (genitival)חֵן (H2580) 'favor'.
בְּעֵינָ֑יוin his eyesprep + N com c du constr + sfx 3ms · עַיִן (H5869)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עַיִן (H5869) 'in his eyes'.
וַתֹּ֥אמֶרand she saidconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3fs · אָמַר (H559)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceאָמַר (H559) 'and she said'.
לָ֖הּto herprep + sfx 3fsParticle or relational elementFunction word: 'to her'.
לְכִ֥יGo!Qal impv 2fs · הָלַךְ (H3212)Predicate verb (imperative)→ Volitional: imperativeהָלַךְ (H3212) 'Go!'.
בִתִּֽיmy daughterN c · בַּת (H1323)Construct chain (genitival)בַּת (H1323) 'my daughter'.
3

וַתֵּ֤לֶךְ וַתָּבוֹא֙ וַתְּלַקֵּ֣ט בַּשָּׂדֶ֔ה אַחֲרֵ֖י הַקֹּצְרִ֑ים וַיִּ֣קֶר מִקְרֶ֔הָ חֶלְקַ֤ת הַשָּׂדֶה֙ לְבֹ֔עַז אֲשֶׁ֖ר מִמִּשְׁפַּ֥חַת אֱלִימֶֽלֶךְ

And she went, and came, and gleaned in the field after the reapers: and her hap was to light on a part of the field to Boaz, who of the kindred of Elimelech.

Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action. Lead predicate is 'and she went'.
Word-by-word analysis· 14 words
וַתֵּ֤לֶךְand she wentconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3fs · הָלַךְ (H3212)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceהָלַךְ (H3212) 'and she went'.
וַתָּבוֹא֙and cameconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3fs · בּוֹא (H935)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceבּוֹא (H935) 'and came'.
וַתְּלַקֵּ֣טyou shall gatherconj וְ + Piel wayyiqtol 3fs · לָקַט (H3950)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceלָקַט (H3950) 'you shall gather'.
בַּשָּׂדֶ֔הin the fieldprep + art + N com m sg abs · שָׂדֶה (H7704)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שָׂדֶה (H7704) 'in the field'.
אַחֲרֵ֖יafterprep · אַחַר (H310)Particle or relational elementאַחַר (H310) 'after'.
הַקֹּצְרִ֑יםand it became impatientart + Qal ptc mp · קָצַר (H7114)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorקָצַר (H7114) 'and it became impatient'.
וַיִּ֣קֶרand he metconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · קָרָה (H7136)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceקָרָה (H7136) 'and he met'.
מִקְרֶ֔הָsomething befallenN c · מִקְרֶה (H4745)Construct chain (genitival)מִקְרֶה (H4745) 'something befallen'.
חֶלְקַ֤תthe portion ofN c · חֶלְקָה (H2513)Construct chain (genitival)חֶלְקָה (H2513) 'the portion of'.
הַשָּׂדֶה֙the fieldart + N com m sg abs · שָׂדֶה (H7704)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שָׂדֶה (H7704) 'the field'.
לְבֹ֔עַזBoazprep + N proper · בֹּעַז (H1162)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)בֹּעַז (H1162) 'Boaz'.
אֲשֶׁ֖רthatrel. שֶׁ · אֲשֶׁר (H834)Particle or relational elementאֲשֶׁר (H834) 'that'.
מִמִּשְׁפַּ֥חַתfrom the clans ofprep + N com f sg constr · מִשְׁפָּחָה (H4940)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מִשְׁפָּחָה (H4940) 'from the clans of'.
אֱלִימֶֽלֶךְElimelechN · אֱלִימֶלֶךְ (H458)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֱלִימֶלֶךְ (H458) 'Elimelech'.
4

וְהִנֵּה בֹ֗עַז בָּ֚א מִבֵּ֣ית לֶ֔חֶם וַיֹּ֥אמֶר לַקּוֹצְרִ֖ים יְהוָ֣ה עִמָּכֶ֑ם וַיֹּ֥אמְרוּ ל֖וֹ יְבָרֶכְךָ֥ יְהוָֽה

And, behold, Boaz came from Bethlehem, and said to the reapers, YHWH with you. And they answered him, YHWH bless you.

Participle — attendant circumstance or substantival actor
Presentative hinneh, putting a new scene or surprise on stage. Participle — attendant circumstance or substantival actor. Lead predicate is 'came'. Speech formula or quoted address.
Word-by-word analysis· 13 words
וְהִנֵּהand beholdconj וְ + adv. · הִנֵּה (H2009)Particle or relational elementהִנֵּה (H2009) 'and behold'.
בֹ֗עַזBoazN · בֹּעַז (H1162)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)בֹּעַז (H1162) 'Boaz'.
בָּ֚אcameQal ptc ms · בּוֹא (H935)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorבּוֹא (H935) 'came'.
מִבֵּ֣יתBethlehemprep + N proper · בֵּית-לֶחֶם (H1035)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)בֵּית-לֶחֶם (H1035) 'Bethlehem'.
לֶ֔חֶםlehem (Bethlehem)N · בֵּית-לֶחֶם (H1035)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)בֵּית-לֶחֶם (H1035) 'lehem (Bethlehem)'.
וַיֹּ֥אמֶרand he saidconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · אָמַר (H559)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceאָמַר (H559) 'and he said'.
לַקּוֹצְרִ֖יםand it became impatientprep + art + Qal ptc mp · קָצַר (H7114)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorקָצַר (H7114) 'and it became impatient'.
יְהוָ֣הYHWHN · יְהוָה (H3068)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוָה (H3068) 'YHWH'.
עִמָּכֶ֑םwith youprep + sfx 2mp · עִם (H5973)Particle or relational elementעִם (H5973) 'with you'.
וַיֹּ֥אמְרוּand they saidconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3mp · אָמַר (H559)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceאָמַר (H559) 'and they said'.
ל֖וֹto himprep + sfx 3msParticle or relational elementFunction word: 'to him'.
יְבָרֶכְךָ֥he may bless youPiel impf 3ms + sfx 2ms · בֵּרַךְ (H1288)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalבֵּרַךְ (H1288) 'he may bless you'.
יְהוָֽהYHWHN · יְהוָה (H3068)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוָה (H3068) 'YHWH'.
5

וַיֹּ֤אמֶר בֹּ֨עַז֙ לְנַעֲר֔וֹ הַנִּצָּ֖ב עַל הַקּֽוֹצְרִ֑ים לְמִ֖י הַנַּעֲרָ֥ה הַזֹּֽאת

Then said Boaz to his servant that was set over the reapers, Whose damsel this?

Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action. Lead predicate is 'and he said'. Speech formula or quoted address.
Word-by-word analysis· 9 words
וַיֹּ֤אמֶרand he saidconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · אָמַר (H559)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceאָמַר (H559) 'and he said'.
בֹּ֨עַז֙BoazN · בֹּעַז (H1162)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)בֹּעַז (H1162) 'Boaz'.
לְנַעֲר֔וֹthe boyprep + N com m sg constr + sfx 3ms · נַעַר (H5288)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)נַעַר (H5288) 'the boy'.
הַנִּצָּ֖בstandingart + Niphal ptc ms · נָצַב (H5324)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorנָצַב (H5324) 'standing'.
עַלonprep · עַל (H5921)Particle or relational elementעַל (H5921) 'on'.
הַקּֽוֹצְרִ֑יםand it became impatientart + Qal ptc mp · קָצַר (H7114)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorקָצַר (H7114) 'and it became impatient'.
לְמִ֖יto whomprep + interrog. · מִי (H4310)Particle or relational elementמִי (H4310) 'to whom'.
הַנַּעֲרָ֥הthe girlart + N com f sg abs · הַנַּעֲרָה (H5291)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)הַנַּעֲרָה (H5291) 'the girl'.
הַזֹּֽאתthisart + dem. pron xfs · זֹאת (H2063)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)זֹאת (H2063) 'this'.
6

וַיַּ֗עַן הַנַּ֛עַר הַנִּצָּ֥ב עַל הַקּוֹצְרִ֖ים וַיֹּאמַ֑ר נַעֲרָ֤ה מֽוֹאֲבִיָּה֙ הִ֔יא הַשָּׁ֥בָה עִֽם נָעֳמִ֖י מִשְּׂדֵ֥ה מוֹאָֽב

And the servant that was set over the reapers answered and said, It the Moabitish damsel that came back with Naomi out of the country of Moab:

Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action. Lead predicate is 'and answered'. Speech formula or quoted address.
Word-by-word analysis· 14 words
וַיַּ֗עַןand answeredconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · עָנָה (H6030)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceעָנָה (H6030) 'and answered'.
הַנַּ֛עַרthe boyart + N com m sg abs · נַעַר (H5288)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)נַעַר (H5288) 'the boy'.
הַנִּצָּ֥בstandingart + Niphal ptc ms · נָצַב (H5324)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorנָצַב (H5324) 'standing'.
עַלonprep · עַל (H5921)Particle or relational elementעַל (H5921) 'on'.
הַקּוֹצְרִ֖יםand it became impatientart + Qal ptc mp · קָצַר (H7114)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorקָצַר (H7114) 'and it became impatient'.
וַיֹּאמַ֑רand he saidconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · אָמַר (H559)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceאָמַר (H559) 'and he said'.
נַעֲרָ֤הa girlN c · הַנַּעֲרָה (H5291)Construct chain (genitival)הַנַּעֲרָה (H5291) 'a girl'.
מֽוֹאֲבִיָּה֙but the MoabitesN · מוֹאָבִי (H4125)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מוֹאָבִי (H4125) 'but the Moabites'.
הִ֔יאthat ispron 3fs · הִיא (H1931)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)הִיא (H1931) 'that is'.
הַשָּׁ֥בָהand he returnedart + Qal ptc fs · שׁוּב (H7725)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorשׁוּב (H7725) 'and he returned'.
עִֽםwithprep · עִם (H5973)Particle or relational elementעִם (H5973) 'with'.
נָעֳמִ֖יNaomiN · נׇעֳמִי (H5281)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)נׇעֳמִי (H5281) 'Naomi'.
מִשְּׂדֵ֥הpart of the field ofprep + N com m sg constr · שָׂדֶה (H7704)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שָׂדֶה (H7704) 'part of the field of'.
מוֹאָֽבMoabN · מוֹאָב (H4124)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מוֹאָב (H4124) 'Moab'.
7

וַתֹּ֗אמֶר אֲלַקֳטָה נָּא֙ וְאָסַפְתִּ֣י בָֽעֳמָרִ֔ים אַחֲרֵ֖י הַקּוֹצְרִ֑ים וַתָּב֣וֹא וַֽתַּעֲמ֗וֹד מֵאָ֤ז הַבֹּ֨קֶר֙ וְעַד עַ֔תָּה זֶ֛ה שִׁבְתָּ֥הּ הַבַּ֖יִת מְעָֽט

And she said, I pray you, let me glean and gather after the reapers among the sheaves: so she came, and has continued even from the morning until now, that she tarried a little in the house.

Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action. Lead predicate is 'and she said'. Speech formula or quoted address.
Word-by-word analysis· 17 words
וַתֹּ֗אמֶרand she saidconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3fs · אָמַר (H559)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceאָמַר (H559) 'and she said'.
אֲלַקֳטָהyou shall gatherPiel cohortative 1cs · לָקַט (H3950)Predicate verb (weqatal / cohortative)→ Weqatal/cohortative: sequential or volitionalלָקַט (H3950) 'you shall gather'.
נָּא֙pleaseparticle · נָא (H4994)Particle or relational elementנָא (H4994) 'please'.
וְאָסַפְתִּ֣יand he gatheredconj וְ + Qal q 1cs · אָסַף (H622)Particle or relational elementאָסַף (H622) 'and he gathered'.
בָֽעֳמָרִ֔יםthe omerprep + art + N com m pl abs · עֹמֶר (H6016)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עֹמֶר (H6016) 'the omer'.
אַחֲרֵ֖יafterprep · אַחַר (H310)Particle or relational elementאַחַר (H310) 'after'.
הַקּוֹצְרִ֑יםand it became impatientart + Qal ptc mp · קָצַר (H7114)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorקָצַר (H7114) 'and it became impatient'.
וַתָּב֣וֹאand cameconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3fs · בּוֹא (H935)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceבּוֹא (H935) 'and came'.
וַֽתַּעֲמ֗וֹדstandingconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3fs · עָמַד (H5975)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceעָמַד (H5975) 'standing'.
מֵאָ֤זsinceprep + art · אָז (H227)Particle or relational elementאָז (H227) 'since'.
הַבֹּ֨קֶר֙the morningart + N com m sg abs · בֹּקֶר (H1242)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)בֹּקֶר (H1242) 'the morning'.
וְעַדand toconj וְ + prep · עַד (H5704)Particle or relational elementעַד (H5704) 'and to'.
עַ֔תָּהnowart · עַתָּה (H6258)Particle or relational elementעַתָּה (H6258) 'now'.
זֶ֛הthisdem. pron xms · זֶה (H2088)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)זֶה (H2088) 'this'.
שִׁבְתָּ֥הּthe inhabitants ofQal inf constr + sfx 3fs · יָשַׁב (H3427)Infinitive construct→ Infinitive construct: purpose, result, or complementיָשַׁב (H3427) 'the inhabitants of'.
הַבַּ֖יִתthe houseart + N com m sg abs · בַּיִת (H1004)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)בַּיִת (H1004) 'the house'.
מְעָֽטa littleAdj · מְעַט (H4592)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מְעַט (H4592) 'a little'.
8

וַיֹּאמֶר֩ בֹּ֨עַז אֶל ר֜וּת הֲל֧וֹא שָׁמַ֣עַתְּ בִּתִּ֗י אַל תֵּלְכִי֙ לִלְקֹט֙ בְּשָׂדֶ֣ה אַחֵ֔ר וְגַ֛ם לֹ֥א תַעֲבוּרִ֖י מִזֶּ֑ה וְכֹ֥ה תִדְבָּקִ֖ין עִם נַעֲרֹתָֽי

Then said Boaz to Ruth, Hearest you not, my daughter? Go not to glean in another field, neither go from hence, but abide here fast by my maidens:

Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action. Lead predicate is 'and he said'. Speech formula or quoted address.
Word-by-word analysis· 20 words
וַיֹּאמֶר֩and he saidconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · אָמַר (H559)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceאָמַר (H559) 'and he said'.
בֹּ֨עַזBoazN · בֹּעַז (H1162)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)בֹּעַז (H1162) 'Boaz'.
אֶלtoprep · אֶל (H413)Particle or relational elementאֶל (H413) 'to'.
ר֜וּתRuthN · רוּת (H7327)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)רוּת (H7327) 'Ruth'.
הֲל֧וֹאis it notinterrog. + neg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'is it not'.
שָׁמַ֣עַתְּyou obeyedQal perf 2fs · שָׁמַע (H8085)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actשָׁמַע (H8085) 'you obeyed'.
בִּתִּ֗יmy daughterN c · בַּת (H1323)Construct chain (genitival)בַּת (H1323) 'my daughter'.
אַלdo notneg. · אַל (H408)Particle or relational elementאַל (H408) 'do not'.
תֵּלְכִי֙you goQal jussive 2fs · הָלַךְ (H3212)Predicate verb (jussive)→ Jussive: volitionalהָלַךְ (H3212) 'you go'.
לִלְקֹט֙to gatherprep + Qal inf constr · לָקַט (H3950)Infinitive construct→ Infinitive construct: purpose, result, or complementלָקַט (H3950) 'to gather'.
בְּשָׂדֶ֣הin the fieldprep + N com m sg abs · שָׂדֶה (H7704)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שָׂדֶה (H7704) 'in the field'.
אַחֵ֔רanotherAdj · אַחֵר (H312)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אַחֵר (H312) 'another'.
וְגַ֛םand alsoconj וְ + particle · גַּם (H1571)Particle or relational elementגַּם (H1571) 'and also'.
לֹ֥אnotneg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'not'.
תַעֲבוּרִ֖יare crossingQal impf 2fs · עָבַר (H5674)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalעָבַר (H5674) 'are crossing'.
מִזֶּ֑הfrom hereprep + dem. pron xms · זֶה (H2088)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)זֶה (H2088) 'from here'.
וְכֹ֥הand thusconj וְ + art · כֹּה (H3541)Particle or relational elementכֹּה (H3541) 'and thus'.
תִדְבָּקִ֖יןyou shall clingQal impf 2fs + Sn · דָּבַק (H1692)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalדָּבַק (H1692) 'you shall cling'.
עִםwithprep · עִם (H5973)Particle or relational elementעִם (H5973) 'with'.
נַעֲרֹתָֽיthe girlN c · הַנַּעֲרָה (H5291)Construct chain (genitival)הַנַּעֲרָה (H5291) 'the girl'.
9

עֵינַ֜יִךְ בַּשָּׂדֶ֤ה אֲשֶׁר יִקְצֹרוּן֙ וְהָלַ֣כְתִּ אַחֲרֵיהֶ֔ן הֲל֥וֹא צִוִּ֛יתִי אֶת הַנְּעָרִ֖ים לְבִלְתִּ֣י נָגְעֵ֑ךְ וְצָמִ֗ת וְהָלַכְתְּ֙ אֶל הַכֵּלִ֔ים וְשָׁתִ֕ית מֵאֲשֶׁ֥ר יִשְׁאֲב֖וּן הַנְּעָרִֽים

your eyes on the field that they do reap, and go you after them: have I not charged the young men that they shall not touch you? and when you are athirst, go to the vessels, and drink of which the young men have drawn.

Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-orientedasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'and it became impatient'.
Word-by-word analysis· 20 words
עֵינַ֜יִךְyour eyesN c · עַיִן (H5869)Construct chain (genitival)עַיִן (H5869) 'your eyes'.
בַּשָּׂדֶ֤הin the fieldprep + art + N com m sg abs · שָׂדֶה (H7704)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שָׂדֶה (H7704) 'in the field'.
אֲשֶׁרthatrel. שֶׁ · אֲשֶׁר (H834)Particle or relational elementאֲשֶׁר (H834) 'that'.
יִקְצֹרוּן֙and it became impatientQal impf 3mp + Sn · קָצַר (H7114)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalקָצַר (H7114) 'and it became impatient'.
וְהָלַ֣כְתִּand you shall goconj וְ + Qal q 2fs · הָלַךְ (H1980)Particle or relational elementהָלַךְ (H1980) 'and you shall go'.
אַחֲרֵיהֶ֔ןafter themprep + sfx 3fp · אַחַר (H310)Particle or relational elementאַחַר (H310) 'after them'.
הֲל֥וֹאis it notinterrog. + neg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'is it not'.
צִוִּ֛יתִיI commandedPiel perf 1cs · צִוָּה (H6680)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actצִוָּה (H6680) 'I commanded'.
אֶת(obj)obj marker · אֵת (H853)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H853) '(obj)'.
הַנְּעָרִ֖יםthe young menart + N com m pl abs · נַעַר (H5288)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)נַעַר (H5288) 'the young men'.
לְבִלְתִּ֣יso as not toprep + conj וְ · בִּלְתִּי (H1115)Particle or relational elementבִּלְתִּי (H1115) 'so as not to'.
נָגְעֵ֑ךְtouchesQal inf constr + sfx 2fs · נָגַע (H5060)Infinitive construct→ Infinitive construct: purpose, result, or complementנָגַע (H5060) 'touches'.
וְצָמִ֗תand ... thirstedconj וְ + Qal q 2fs · צָמֵא (H6770)Particle or relational elementצָמֵא (H6770) 'and ... thirsted'.
וְהָלַכְתְּ֙and you shall goconj וְ + Qal q 2fs · הָלַךְ (H1980)Particle or relational elementהָלַךְ (H1980) 'and you shall go'.
אֶלtoprep · אֶל (H413)Particle or relational elementאֶל (H413) 'to'.
הַכֵּלִ֔יםthe vesselsart + N com m pl abs · כְּלִי (H3627)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)כְּלִי (H3627) 'the vessels'.
וְשָׁתִ֕יתto drinkconj וְ + Qal q 2fs · שָׁתָה (H8354)Particle or relational elementשָׁתָה (H8354) 'to drink'.
מֵאֲשֶׁ֥רfrom that which isprep + rel. שֶׁ · אֲשֶׁר (H834)Particle or relational elementאֲשֶׁר (H834) 'from that which is'.
יִשְׁאֲב֖וּןand drawers ofQal impf 3mp + Sn · שָׁאַב (H7579)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalשָׁאַב (H7579) 'and drawers of'.
הַנְּעָרִֽיםthe young menart + N com m pl abs · נַעַר (H5288)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)נַעַר (H5288) 'the young men'.
10

וַתִּפֹּל֙ עַל פָּנֶ֔יהָ וַתִּשְׁתַּ֖חוּ אָ֑רְצָה וַתֹּ֣אמֶר אֵלָ֗יו מַדּוּעַ֩ מָצָ֨אתִי חֵ֤ן בְּעֵינֶ֨יךָ֙ לְהַכִּירֵ֔נִי וְאָּנֹכִ֖י נָכְרִיָּֽה

Then she fell on her face, and bowed herself to the ground, and said to him, Why have I found grace in your eyes, that you shouldest take knowledge of me, seeing I a stranger?

Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action. Lead predicate is 'and alighted'. Speech formula or quoted address.
Word-by-word analysis· 14 words
וַתִּפֹּל֙and alightedconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3fs · נָפַל (H5307)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceנָפַל (H5307) 'and alighted'.
עַלonprep · עַל (H5921)Particle or relational elementעַל (H5921) 'on'.
פָּנֶ֔יהָits faceN c · פָּנִים (H6440)Construct chain (genitival)פָּנִים (H6440) 'its face'.
וַתִּשְׁתַּ֖חוּand they bowed downconj וְ + Hishtaphel wayyiqtol 3fs · שָׁחָה (H7812)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceשָׁחָה (H7812) 'and they bowed down'.
אָ֑רְצָהto the groundN c · אֶרֶץ (H776)Construct chain (genitival)אֶרֶץ (H776) 'to the ground'.
וַתֹּ֣אמֶרand she saidconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3fs · אָמַר (H559)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceאָמַר (H559) 'and she said'.
אֵלָ֗יוto himprep + sfx 3ms · אֶל (H413)Particle or relational elementאֶל (H413) 'to him'.
מַדּוּעַ֩whyinterrog. · מַדּוּעַ (H4069)Particle or relational elementמַדּוּעַ (H4069) 'why'.
מָצָ֨אתִיI have foundQal perf 1cs · מָצָא (H4672)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actמָצָא (H4672) 'I have found'.
חֵ֤ןfavorN c · חֵן (H2580)Construct chain (genitival)חֵן (H2580) 'favor'.
בְּעֵינֶ֨יךָ֙in your eyesprep + N com c du constr + sfx 2ms · עַיִן (H5869)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עַיִן (H5869) 'in your eyes'.
לְהַכִּירֵ֔נִיrecognize himprep + Hiphil inf constr + sfx 1cs · נָכַר (H5234)Infinitive construct→ Infinitive construct: purpose, result, or complementנָכַר (H5234) 'recognize him'.
וְאָּנֹכִ֖יand Iconj וְ + pron 1cs · אָנֹכִי (H595)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אָנֹכִי (H595) 'and I'.
נָכְרִיָּֽהforeignAdj · נָכְרִי (H5237)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)נָכְרִי (H5237) 'foreign'.
11

וַיַּ֤עַן בֹּ֨עַז֙ וַיֹּ֣אמֶר לָ֔הּ הֻגֵּ֨ד הֻגַּ֜ד לִ֗י כֹּ֤ל אֲשֶׁר עָשִׂית֙ אֶת חֲמוֹתֵ֔ךְ אַחֲרֵ֖י מ֣וֹת אִישֵׁ֑ךְ וַתַּֽעַזְבִ֞י אָּבִ֣יךְ וְאִמֵּ֗ךְ וְאֶ֨רֶץ֙ מֽוֹלַדְתֵּ֔ךְ וַתֵּ֣לְכִ֔י אֶל עַ֕ם אֲשֶׁ֥ר לֹא יָדַ֖עַתְּ תְּמ֥וֹל שִׁלְשֽׁוֹם

And Boaz answered and said to her, It has fully been shewed me, all that you have done to your mother in law since the death of your husband: and you have left your father and your mother, and the land of your nativity, and are come to a people which you knewest not heretofore.

Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action. Lead predicate is 'and answered'. Speech formula or quoted address.
Word-by-word analysis· 28 words
וַיַּ֤עַןand answeredconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · עָנָה (H6030)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceעָנָה (H6030) 'and answered'.
בֹּ֨עַז֙BoazN · בֹּעַז (H1162)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)בֹּעַז (H1162) 'Boaz'.
וַיֹּ֣אמֶרand he saidconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · אָמַר (H559)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceאָמַר (H559) 'and he said'.
לָ֔הּto herprep + sfx 3fsParticle or relational elementFunction word: 'to her'.
הֻגֵּ֨דit was surelyHophal inf abs · נָגַד (H5046)Infinitive absolute→ Infinitive absolute: emphasis or attendant actionנָגַד (H5046) 'it was surely'.
הֻגַּ֜דit was surelyHophal perf 3ms · נָגַד (H5046)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actנָגַד (H5046) 'it was surely'.
לִ֗יto meprep + sfx 1csParticle or relational elementFunction word: 'to me'.
כֹּ֤לallN c · כֹּל (H3605)Construct chain (genitival)כֹּל (H3605) 'all'.
אֲשֶׁרthatrel. שֶׁ · אֲשֶׁר (H834)Particle or relational elementאֲשֶׁר (H834) 'that'.
עָשִׂית֙you have doneQal perf 2fs · עָשָׂה (H6213)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actעָשָׂה (H6213) 'you have done'.
אֶתwithprep · אֵת (H854)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H854) 'with'.
חֲמוֹתֵ֔ךְinN c · חֲמוֹת (H2545)Construct chain (genitival)חֲמוֹת (H2545) 'in'.
אַחֲרֵ֖יafterprep · אַחַר (H310)Particle or relational elementאַחַר (H310) 'after'.
מ֣וֹתthe death ofN c · מָוֶת (H4194)Construct chain (genitival)מָוֶת (H4194) 'the death of'.
אִישֵׁ֑ךְyour husbandN c · אִישׁ (H376)Construct chain (genitival)אִישׁ (H376) 'your husband'.
וַתַּֽעַזְבִ֞יyou forsakeconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 2fs · עָזַב (H5800)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceעָזַב (H5800) 'you forsake'.
אָּבִ֣יךְyour fatherN c · אָב (H1)Construct chain (genitival)אָב (H1) 'your father'.
וְאִמֵּ֗ךְand your motherconj וְ + N com f sg constr + sfx 2fs · אֵם (H517)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֵם (H517) 'and your mother'.
וְאֶ֨רֶץ֙and earthconj וְ + N com c sg constr · אֶרֶץ (H776)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֶרֶץ (H776) 'and earth'.
מֽוֹלַדְתֵּ֔ךְyour kindredN c · מוֹלֶדֶת (H4138)Construct chain (genitival)מוֹלֶדֶת (H4138) 'your kindred'.
וַתֵּ֣לְכִ֔יand he wentconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 2fs · הָלַךְ (H3212)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceהָלַךְ (H3212) 'and he went'.
אֶלtoprep · אֶל (H413)Particle or relational elementאֶל (H413) 'to'.
עַ֕םa peopleN c · עַם (H5971)Construct chain (genitival)עַם (H5971) 'a people'.
אֲשֶׁ֥רthatrel. שֶׁ · אֲשֶׁר (H834)Particle or relational elementאֲשֶׁר (H834) 'that'.
לֹאnotneg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'not'.
יָדַ֖עַתְּyou knowQal perf 2fs · יָדַע (H3045)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actיָדַע (H3045) 'you know'.
תְּמ֥וֹלyesterdayart · תְּמוֹל (H8543)Particle or relational elementתְּמוֹל (H8543) 'yesterday'.
שִׁלְשֽׁוֹםbeforeN c · שִׁלְשׁוֹם (H8032)Construct chain (genitival)שִׁלְשׁוֹם (H8032) 'before'.
12

יְשַׁלֵּ֥ם יְהוָ֖ה פָּעֳלֵ֑ךְ וּתְהִ֨י מַשְׂכֻּרְתֵּ֜ךְ שְׁלֵמָ֗ה מֵעִ֤ם יְהוָה֙ אֱלֹהֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל אֲשֶׁר בָּ֖את לַחֲס֥וֹת תַּֽחַת כְּנָפָֽיו

YHWH recompense your work, and a full reward be given you of YHWH God of Israel, under whose wings you are come to trust.

Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-orientedasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'he shall pay'.
Word-by-word analysis· 15 words
יְשַׁלֵּ֥םhe shall payPiel impf 3ms · שָׁלַם (H7999)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalשָׁלַם (H7999) 'he shall pay'.
יְהוָ֖הYHWHN · יְהוָה (H3068)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוָה (H3068) 'YHWH'.
פָּעֳלֵ֑ךְhis workN c · פֹּעַל (H6467)Construct chain (genitival)פֹּעַל (H6467) 'his work'.
וּתְהִ֨יand there wasconj וְ + Qal jussive 3fs · הָיָה (H1961)Predicate verb (jussive)→ Jussive: volitionalהָיָה (H1961) 'and there was'.
מַשְׂכֻּרְתֵּ֜ךְyour wagesN c · מַשְׂכֹּרֶת (H4909)Construct chain (genitival)מַשְׂכֹּרֶת (H4909) 'your wages'.
שְׁלֵמָ֗הwhole [perfect]Adj · שָׁלֵם (H8003)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שָׁלֵם (H8003) 'whole [perfect]'.
מֵעִ֤םfrom withprep + prep · עִם (H5973)Particle or relational elementעִם (H5973) 'from with'.
יְהוָה֙YHWHN · יְהוָה (H3068)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוָה (H3068) 'YHWH'.
אֱלֹהֵ֣יthe God ofN c · אֱלֹהִים (H430)Construct chain (genitival)אֱלֹהִים (H430) 'the God of'.
יִשְׂרָאֵ֔לIsraelN · יִשְׂרָאֵל (H3478)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יִשְׂרָאֵל (H3478) 'Israel'.
אֲשֶׁרthatrel. שֶׁ · אֲשֶׁר (H834)Particle or relational elementאֲשֶׁר (H834) 'that'.
בָּ֖אתhave you comeQal perf 2fs · בּוֹא (H935)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actבּוֹא (H935) 'have you come'.
לַחֲס֥וֹתin which they took refugeprep + Qal inf constr · חָסָה (H2620)Infinitive construct→ Infinitive construct: purpose, result, or complementחָסָה (H2620) 'in which they took refuge'.
תַּֽחַתunderprep · תַּחַת (H8478)Particle or relational elementתַּחַת (H8478) 'under'.
כְּנָפָֽיוits wingsN c · כָּנָף (H3671)Construct chain (genitival)כָּנָף (H3671) 'its wings'.
13

וַ֠תֹּאמֶר אֶמְצָא חֵ֨ן בְּעֵינֶ֤יךָ אֲדֹנִי֙ כִּ֣י נִֽחַמְתָּ֔נִי וְכִ֥י דִבַּ֖רְתָּ עַל לֵ֣ב שִׁפְחָתֶ֑ךָ וְאָנֹכִי֙ לֹ֣א אֶֽהְיֶ֔ה כְּאַחַ֖ת שִׁפְחֹתֶֽיךָ

Then she said, Let me find favour in your sight, my lord; for that you have comforted me, and for that you have spoken friendly to your handmaid, though I be not like to one of your handmaidens.

Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action. Lead predicate is 'and she said'. Speech formula or quoted address.
Word-by-word analysis· 17 words
וַ֠תֹּאמֶרand she saidconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3fs · אָמַר (H559)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceאָמַר (H559) 'and she said'.
אֶמְצָאI findQal impf 1cs · מָצָא (H4672)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalמָצָא (H4672) 'I find'.
חֵ֨ןfavorN c · חֵן (H2580)Construct chain (genitival)חֵן (H2580) 'favor'.
בְּעֵינֶ֤יךָin your eyesprep + N com c du constr + sfx 2ms · עַיִן (H5869)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עַיִן (H5869) 'in your eyes'.
אֲדֹנִי֙my lordN c · אָדוֹן (H113)Construct chain (genitival)אָדוֹן (H113) 'my lord'.
כִּ֣יforconj וְ · כִּי (H3588)Particle or relational elementכִּי (H3588) 'for'.
נִֽחַמְתָּ֔נִיand was comfortedPiel perf 2ms + sfx 1cs · נָחַם (H5162)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actנָחַם (H5162) 'and was comforted'.
וְכִ֥יand ifconj וְ + conj וְ · כִּי (H3588)Particle or relational elementכִּי (H3588) 'and if'.
דִבַּ֖רְתָּyou have spokenPiel perf 2ms · דִּבֶּר (H1696)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actדִּבֶּר (H1696) 'you have spoken'.
עַלonprep · עַל (H5921)Particle or relational elementעַל (H5921) 'on'.
לֵ֣בthe heart ofN c · לֵב (H3820)Construct chain (genitival)לֵב (H3820) 'the heart of'.
שִׁפְחָתֶ֑ךָyour maidservantN c · שִׁפְחָה (H8198)Construct chain (genitival)שִׁפְחָה (H8198) 'your maidservant'.
וְאָנֹכִי֙and Iconj וְ + pron 1cs · אָנֹכִי (H595)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אָנֹכִי (H595) 'and I'.
לֹ֣אnotneg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'not'.
אֶֽהְיֶ֔הI will beQal impf 1cs · הָיָה (H1961)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalהָיָה (H1961) 'I will be'.
כְּאַחַ֖תlike one ofprep + Adj c · אֶחָד (H259)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֶחָד (H259) 'like one of'.
שִׁפְחֹתֶֽיךָyour maidservantN c · שִׁפְחָה (H8198)Construct chain (genitival)שִׁפְחָה (H8198) 'your maidservant'.
14

וַיֹּאמֶר֩ לָ֨ה בֹ֜עַז לְעֵ֣ת הָאֹ֗כֶל גֹּ֤שִֽׁי הֲלֹם֙ וְאָכַ֣לְתְּ מִן הַלֶּ֔חֶם וְטָבַ֥לְתְּ פִּתֵּ֖ךְ בַּחֹ֑מֶץ וַתֵּ֨שֶׁב֙ מִצַּ֣ד הַקּֽוֹצְרִ֔ים וַיִּצְבָּט לָ֣הּ קָלִ֔י וַתֹּ֥אכַל וַתִּשְׂבַּ֖ע וַתֹּתַֽר

And Boaz said to her, At mealtime come you hither, and eat of the bread, and dip your morsel in the vinegar. And she sat beside the reapers: and he reached her parched , and she did eat, and was sufficed, and left.

Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action. Lead predicate is 'and he said'. Speech formula or quoted address.
Word-by-word analysis· 22 words
וַיֹּאמֶר֩and he saidconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · אָמַר (H559)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceאָמַר (H559) 'and he said'.
לָ֨הto herprep + sfx 3fsParticle or relational elementFunction word: 'to her'.
בֹ֜עַזBoazN · בֹּעַז (H1162)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)בֹּעַז (H1162) 'Boaz'.
לְעֵ֣תat the time ofprep + N com c sg constr · עֵת (H6256)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עֵת (H6256) 'at the time of'.
הָאֹ֗כֶלthe foodart + N com m sg abs · אֹכֶל (H400)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֹכֶל (H400) 'the food'.
גֹּ֤שִֽׁיand they drew nearQal impv 2fs · נָגַשׁ (H5066)Predicate verb (imperative)→ Volitional: imperativeנָגַשׁ (H5066) 'and they drew near'.
הֲלֹם֙hereart · הֲלֹם (H1988)Particle or relational elementהֲלֹם (H1988) 'here'.
וְאָכַ֣לְתְּand you shall eatconj וְ + Qal q 2fs · אָכַל (H398)Particle or relational elementאָכַל (H398) 'and you shall eat'.
מִןfromprep · מִן (H4480)Particle or relational elementמִן (H4480) 'from'.
הַלֶּ֔חֶםthe breadart + N com c sg abs · לֶחֶם (H3899)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)לֶחֶם (H3899) 'the bread'.
וְטָבַ֥לְתְּand he shall dipconj וְ + Qal q 2fs · טָבַל (H2881)Particle or relational elementטָבַל (H2881) 'and he shall dip'.
פִּתֵּ֖ךְmorsel ofN c · פַּת (H6595)Construct chain (genitival)פַּת (H6595) 'morsel of'.
בַּחֹ֑מֶץvinegar ofprep + art + N com m sg abs · חֹמֶץ (H2558)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)חֹמֶץ (H2558) 'vinegar of'.
וַתֵּ֨שֶׁב֙and she satconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3fs · יָשַׁב (H3427)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceיָשַׁב (H3427) 'and she sat'.
מִצַּ֣דat the side ofprep + N com m sg constr · צַד (H6654)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)צַד (H6654) 'at the side of'.
הַקּֽוֹצְרִ֔יםand it became impatientart + Qal ptc mp · קָצַר (H7114)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorקָצַר (H7114) 'and it became impatient'.
וַיִּצְבָּטandconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · צָבַט (H6642)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceצָבַט (H6642) 'and'.
לָ֣הּto herprep + sfx 3fsParticle or relational elementFunction word: 'to her'.
קָלִ֔יor roasted grainN c · קָלִי (H7039)Construct chain (genitival)קָלִי (H7039) 'or roasted grain'.
וַתֹּ֥אכַלand it consumedconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3fs · אָכַל (H398)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceאָכַל (H398) 'and it consumed'.
וַתִּשְׂבַּ֖עand be satisfiedconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3fs · שָׂבַע (H7646)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceשָׂבַע (H7646) 'and be satisfied'.
וַתֹּתַֽרwho remainedconj וְ + Hiphil wayyiqtol 3fs · יָתַר (H3498)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceיָתַר (H3498) 'who remained'.
15

וַתָּ֖קָם לְלַקֵּ֑ט וַיְצַו֩ בֹּ֨עַז אֶת נְעָרָ֜יו לֵאמֹ֗ר גַּ֣ם בֵּ֧ין הָֽעֳמָרִ֛ים תְּלַקֵּ֖ט וְלֹ֥א תַכְלִימֽוּהָ

And when she was risen up to glean, Boaz commanded his young men, saying, Let her glean even among the sheaves, and reproach her not:

Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action. Lead predicate is 'and she arose'. Speech formula or quoted address.
Word-by-word analysis· 13 words
וַתָּ֖קָםand she aroseconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3fs · קוּם (H6965)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceקוּם (H6965) 'and she arose'.
לְלַקֵּ֑טto gatherprep + Piel inf constr · לָקַט (H3950)Infinitive construct→ Infinitive construct: purpose, result, or complementלָקַט (H3950) 'to gather'.
וַיְצַו֩and he commandedconj וְ + Piel wayyiqtol 3ms · צִוָּה (H6680)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceצִוָּה (H6680) 'and he commanded'.
בֹּ֨עַזBoazN · בֹּעַז (H1162)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)בֹּעַז (H1162) 'Boaz'.
אֶת(obj)obj marker · אֵת (H853)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H853) '(obj)'.
נְעָרָ֜יוhis young menN c · נַעַר (H5288)Construct chain (genitival)נַעַר (H5288) 'his young men'.
לֵאמֹ֗רsayingprep + Qal inf constr · אָמַר (H559)Infinitive construct→ Infinitive construct: purpose, result, or complementאָמַר (H559) 'saying'.
גַּ֣םalsoparticle · גַּם (H1571)Particle or relational elementגַּם (H1571) 'also'.
בֵּ֧יןbetweenprep · בֵּין (H996)Particle or relational elementבֵּין (H996) 'between'.
הָֽעֳמָרִ֛יםthe omerart + N com m pl abs · עֹמֶר (H6016)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עֹמֶר (H6016) 'the omer'.
תְּלַקֵּ֖טyou shall gatherPiel impf 3fs · לָקַט (H3950)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalלָקַט (H3950) 'you shall gather'.
וְלֹ֥אand notconj וְ + neg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'and not'.
תַכְלִימֽוּהָyou have humiliated meHiphil impf 2mp + sfx 3fs · כָּלַם (H3637)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalכָּלַם (H3637) 'you have humiliated me'.
16

וְגַ֛ם שֹׁל תָּשֹׁ֥לּוּ לָ֖הּ מִן הַצְּבָתִ֑ים וַעֲזַבְתֶּ֥ם וְלִקְּטָ֖ה וְלֹ֥א תִגְעֲרוּ בָֽהּ

And let fall also of the handfuls of purpose for her, and leave , that she may glean , and rebuke her not.

Infinitive absolute — emphasis or attendant action
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Infinitive absolute — emphasis or attendant action. Lead predicate is 'to'.
Word-by-word analysis· 11 words
וְגַ֛םand alsoconj וְ + particle · גַּם (H1571)Particle or relational elementגַּם (H1571) 'and also'.
שֹׁלtoQal inf abs · שָׁלַל (H7997)Infinitive absolute→ Infinitive absolute: emphasis or attendant actionשָׁלַל (H7997) 'to'.
תָּשֹׁ֥לּוּtoQal impf 2mp · שָׁלַל (H7997)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalשָׁלַל (H7997) 'to'.
לָ֖הּto herprep + sfx 3fsParticle or relational elementFunction word: 'to her'.
מִןfromprep · מִן (H4480)Particle or relational elementמִן (H4480) 'from'.
הַצְּבָתִ֑יםhandfulart + N com m pl abs · צֶבֶת (H6653)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)צֶבֶת (H6653) 'handful'.
וַעֲזַבְתֶּ֥םyou forsakeconj וְ + Qal q 2mp · עָזַב (H5800)Particle or relational elementעָזַב (H5800) 'you forsake'.
וְלִקְּטָ֖הyou shall gatherconj וְ + Piel q 3fs · לָקַט (H3950)Particle or relational elementלָקַט (H3950) 'you shall gather'.
וְלֹ֥אand notconj וְ + neg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'and not'.
תִגְעֲרוּand he rebukedQal impf 2mp · גָּעַר (H1605)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalגָּעַר (H1605) 'and he rebuked'.
בָֽהּin itprep + sfx 3fsParticle or relational elementFunction word: 'in it'.
17

וַתְּלַקֵּ֥ט בַּשָּׂדֶ֖ה עַד הָעָ֑רֶב וַתַּחְבֹּט֙ אֵ֣ת אֲשֶׁר לִקֵּ֔טָה וַיְהִ֖י כְּאֵיפָ֥ה שְׂעֹרִֽים

So she gleaned in the field until even, and beat out that she had gleaned: and it was about an ephah of barley.

Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action. Lead predicate is 'you shall gather'.
Word-by-word analysis· 11 words
וַתְּלַקֵּ֥טyou shall gatherconj וְ + Piel wayyiqtol 3fs · לָקַט (H3950)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceלָקַט (H3950) 'you shall gather'.
בַּשָּׂדֶ֖הin the fieldprep + art + N com m sg abs · שָׂדֶה (H7704)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שָׂדֶה (H7704) 'in the field'.
עַדuntilprep · עַד (H5704)Particle or relational elementעַד (H5704) 'until'.
הָעָ֑רֶבthe eveningart + N com m sg abs · עֶרֶב (H6153)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עֶרֶב (H6153) 'the evening'.
וַתַּחְבֹּט֙you beatconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3fs · חָבַט (H2251)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceחָבַט (H2251) 'you beat'.
אֵ֣ת(obj)obj marker · אֵת (H853)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H853) '(obj)'.
אֲשֶׁרthatrel. שֶׁ · אֲשֶׁר (H834)Particle or relational elementאֲשֶׁר (H834) 'that'.
לִקֵּ֔טָהyou shall gatherPiel perf 3fs · לָקַט (H3950)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actלָקַט (H3950) 'you shall gather'.
וַיְהִ֖יand it happenedconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · הָיָה (H1961)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceהָיָה (H1961) 'and it happened'.
כְּאֵיפָ֥הan ephahprep + N com f sg abs · אֵיפָה (H374)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֵיפָה (H374) 'an ephah'.
שְׂעֹרִֽיםbarleyN c · שְׂעֹרָה (H8184)Construct chain (genitival)שְׂעֹרָה (H8184) 'barley'.
18

וַתִּשָּׂא֙ וַתָּב֣וֹא הָעִ֔יר וַתֵּ֥רֶא חֲמוֹתָ֖הּ אֵ֣ת אֲשֶׁר לִקֵּ֑טָה וַתּוֹצֵא֙ וַתִּתֶּן לָ֔הּ אֵ֥ת אֲשֶׁר הוֹתִ֖רָה מִשָּׂבְעָֽהּ

And she took up, and went into the city: and her mother in law saw what she had gleaned: and she brought forth, and gave to her that she had reserved after she was sufficed.

Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action. Lead predicate is 'and she lifted'.
Word-by-word analysis· 15 words
וַתִּשָּׂא֙and she liftedconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3fs · נָשָׂא (H5375)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceנָשָׂא (H5375) 'and she lifted'.
וַתָּב֣וֹאand cameconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3fs · בּוֹא (H935)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceבּוֹא (H935) 'and came'.
הָעִ֔ירthe cityart + N com f sg abs · עִיר (H5892)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עִיר (H5892) 'the city'.
וַתֵּ֥רֶאand she sawconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3fs · רָאָה (H7200)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceרָאָה (H7200) 'and she saw'.
חֲמוֹתָ֖הּinN c · חֲמוֹת (H2545)Construct chain (genitival)חֲמוֹת (H2545) 'in'.
אֵ֣ת(obj)obj marker · אֵת (H853)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H853) '(obj)'.
אֲשֶׁרthatrel. שֶׁ · אֲשֶׁר (H834)Particle or relational elementאֲשֶׁר (H834) 'that'.
לִקֵּ֑טָהyou shall gatherPiel perf 3fs · לָקַט (H3950)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actלָקַט (H3950) 'you shall gather'.
וַתּוֹצֵא֙and it brought forthconj וְ + Hiphil wayyiqtol 3fs · יָצָא (H3318)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceיָצָא (H3318) 'and it brought forth'.
וַתִּתֶּןand she gaveconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3fs · נָתַן (H5414)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceנָתַן (H5414) 'and she gave'.
לָ֔הּto herprep + sfx 3fsParticle or relational elementFunction word: 'to her'.
אֵ֥ת(obj)obj marker · אֵת (H853)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H853) '(obj)'.
אֲשֶׁרthatrel. שֶׁ · אֲשֶׁר (H834)Particle or relational elementאֲשֶׁר (H834) 'that'.
הוֹתִ֖רָהwho remainedHiphil perf 3fs · יָתַר (H3498)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actיָתַר (H3498) 'who remained'.
מִשָּׂבְעָֽהּyour fillprep + N com m sg constr + sfx 3fs · שֹׂבַע (H7648)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שֹׂבַע (H7648) 'your fill'.
19

וַתֹּאמֶר֩ לָ֨הּ חֲמוֹתָ֜הּ אֵיפֹ֨ה לִקַּ֤טְתְּ הַיּוֹם֙ וְאָ֣נָה עָשִׂ֔ית יְהִ֥י מַכִּירֵ֖ךְ בָּר֑וּךְ וַתַּגֵּ֣ד לַחֲמוֹתָ֗הּ אֵ֤ת אֲשֶׁר עָשְׂתָה֙ עִמּ֔וֹ וַתֹּ֗אמֶר שֵׁ֤ם הָאִישׁ֙ אֲשֶׁ֨ר עָשִׂ֧יתִי עִמּ֛וֹ הַיּ֖וֹם בֹּֽעַז

And her mother in law said to her, Where have you gleaned to day? and where wroughtest you? blessed be he that did take knowledge of you. And she shewed her mother in law with whom she had wrought, and said, The man's name with whom I wrought to day Boaz.

Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action. Lead predicate is 'and she said'. Speech formula or quoted address.
Word-by-word analysis· 25 words
וַתֹּאמֶר֩and she saidconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3fs · אָמַר (H559)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceאָמַר (H559) 'and she said'.
לָ֨הּto herprep + sfx 3fsParticle or relational elementFunction word: 'to her'.
חֲמוֹתָ֜הּinN c · חֲמוֹת (H2545)Construct chain (genitival)חֲמוֹת (H2545) 'in'.
אֵיפֹ֨הwhereinterrog. · אֵיפֹה (H375)Particle or relational elementאֵיפֹה (H375) 'where'.
לִקַּ֤טְתְּyou shall gatherPiel perf 2fs · לָקַט (H3950)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actלָקַט (H3950) 'you shall gather'.
הַיּוֹם֙todayart + N com m sg abs · יוֹם (H3117)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יוֹם (H3117) 'today'.
וְאָ֣נָהand whereconj וְ + art · אָנָה (H575)Particle or relational elementאָנָה (H575) 'and where'.
עָשִׂ֔יתyou have doneQal perf 2fs · עָשָׂה (H6213)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actעָשָׂה (H6213) 'you have done'.
יְהִ֥יlet there beQal jussive 3ms · הָיָה (H1961)Predicate verb (jussive)→ Jussive: volitionalהָיָה (H1961) 'let there be'.
מַכִּירֵ֖ךְrecognize himHiphil ptc ms + sfx 2fs · נָכַר (H5234)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorנָכַר (H5234) 'recognize him'.
בָּר֑וּךְblessedQal ptc ms · בֵּרַךְ (H1288)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorבֵּרַךְ (H1288) 'blessed'.
וַתַּגֵּ֣דand she toldconj וְ + Hiphil wayyiqtol 3fs · נָגַד (H5046)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceנָגַד (H5046) 'and she told'.
לַחֲמוֹתָ֗הּinprep + N com f sg constr + sfx 3fs · חֲמוֹת (H2545)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)חֲמוֹת (H2545) 'in'.
אֵ֤ת(obj)obj marker · אֵת (H853)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H853) '(obj)'.
אֲשֶׁרthatrel. שֶׁ · אֲשֶׁר (H834)Particle or relational elementאֲשֶׁר (H834) 'that'.
עָשְׂתָה֙she has doneQal perf 3fs · עָשָׂה (H6213)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actעָשָׂה (H6213) 'she has done'.
עִמּ֔וֹwith himprep + sfx 3ms · עִם (H5973)Particle or relational elementעִם (H5973) 'with him'.
וַתֹּ֗אמֶרand she saidconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3fs · אָמַר (H559)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceאָמַר (H559) 'and she said'.
שֵׁ֤םthe name ofN c · שֵׁם (H8034)Construct chain (genitival)שֵׁם (H8034) 'the name of'.
הָאִישׁ֙the manart + N com m sg abs · אִישׁ (H376)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אִישׁ (H376) 'the man'.
אֲשֶׁ֨רthatrel. שֶׁ · אֲשֶׁר (H834)Particle or relational elementאֲשֶׁר (H834) 'that'.
עָשִׂ֧יתִיI have doneQal perf 1cs · עָשָׂה (H6213)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actעָשָׂה (H6213) 'I have done'.
עִמּ֛וֹwith himprep + sfx 3ms · עִם (H5973)Particle or relational elementעִם (H5973) 'with him'.
הַיּ֖וֹםtodayart + N com m sg abs · יוֹם (H3117)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יוֹם (H3117) 'today'.
בֹּֽעַזBoazN · בֹּעַז (H1162)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)בֹּעַז (H1162) 'Boaz'.
20

וַתֹּ֨אמֶר נָעֳמִ֜י לְכַלָּתָ֗הּ בָּר֥וּךְ הוּא֙ לַיהוָ֔ה אֲשֶׁר֙ לֹא עָזַ֣ב חַסְדּ֔וֹ אֶת הַחַיִּ֖ים וְאֶת הַמֵּתִ֑ים וַתֹּ֧אמֶר לָ֣הּ נָעֳמִ֗י קָר֥וֹב לָ֨נוּ֙ הָאִ֔ישׁ מִֽגֹּאֲלֵ֖נוּ הֽוּא

And Naomi said to her daughter in law, Blessed he of YHWH, who has not left off his kindness to the living and to the dead. And Naomi said to her, The man near of kin to us, one of our next kinsmen.

Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action. Lead predicate is 'and she said'. Speech formula or quoted address.
Word-by-word analysis· 22 words
וַתֹּ֨אמֶרand she saidconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3fs · אָמַר (H559)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceאָמַר (H559) 'and she said'.
נָעֳמִ֜יNaomiN · נׇעֳמִי (H5281)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)נׇעֳמִי (H5281) 'Naomi'.
לְכַלָּתָ֗הּhis daughter-in-lawprep + N com f sg constr + sfx 3fs · כַּלָּה (H3618)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)כַּלָּה (H3618) 'his daughter-in-law'.
בָּר֥וּךְblessedQal ptc ms · בֵּרַךְ (H1288)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorבֵּרַךְ (H1288) 'blessed'.
הוּא֙hepron 3ms · הִיא (H1931)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)הִיא (H1931) 'he'.
לַיהוָ֔הto YHWHprep + N proper · יְהוָה (H3068)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוָה (H3068) 'to YHWH'.
אֲשֶׁר֙thatrel. שֶׁ · אֲשֶׁר (H834)Particle or relational elementאֲשֶׁר (H834) 'that'.
לֹאnotneg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'not'.
עָזַ֣בsurelyQal perf 3ms · עָזַב (H5800)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actעָזַב (H5800) 'surely'.
חַסְדּ֔וֹhis covenant kindnessN c · חֶסֶד (H2617)Construct chain (genitival)חֶסֶד (H2617) 'his covenant kindness'.
אֶתwithprep · אֵת (H854)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H854) 'with'.
הַחַיִּ֖יםlifeart + Adj · חַי (H2416)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)חַי (H2416) 'life'.
וְאֶתand withconj וְ + prep · אֵת (H854)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H854) 'and with'.
הַמֵּתִ֑יםthe deadart + Qal ptc mp · מוּת (H4191)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorמוּת (H4191) 'the dead'.
וַתֹּ֧אמֶרand she saidconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3fs · אָמַר (H559)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceאָמַר (H559) 'and she said'.
לָ֣הּto herprep + sfx 3fsParticle or relational elementFunction word: 'to her'.
נָעֳמִ֗יNaomiN · נׇעֳמִי (H5281)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)נׇעֳמִי (H5281) 'Naomi'.
קָר֥וֹבnearAdj · קָרוֹב (H7138)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)קָרוֹב (H7138) 'near'.
לָ֨נוּ֙to usprep + sfx 1cpParticle or relational elementFunction word: 'to us'.
הָאִ֔ישׁthe manart + N com m sg abs · אִישׁ (H376)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אִישׁ (H376) 'the man'.
מִֽגֹּאֲלֵ֖נוּthe avenger ofprep + Qal ptc ms + sfx 1cp · גָּאַל (H1350)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorגָּאַל (H1350) 'the avenger of'.
הֽוּאhepron 3ms · הִיא (H1931)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)הִיא (H1931) 'he'.
21

וַתֹּ֖אמֶר ר֣וּת הַמּוֹאֲבִיָּ֑ה גַּ֣ם כִּי אָמַ֣ר אֵלַ֗י עִם הַנְּעָרִ֤ים אֲשֶׁר לִי֙ תִּדְבָּקִ֔ין עַ֣ד אִם כִּלּ֔וּ אֵ֥ת כָּל הַקָּצִ֖יר אֲשֶׁר לִֽי

And Ruth the Moabitess said, He said to me also, You shall keep fast by my young men, until they have ended all my harvest.

Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action. Lead predicate is 'and she said'. Speech formula or quoted address.
Word-by-word analysis· 20 words
וַתֹּ֖אמֶרand she saidconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3fs · אָמַר (H559)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceאָמַר (H559) 'and she said'.
ר֣וּתRuthN · רוּת (H7327)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)רוּת (H7327) 'Ruth'.
הַמּוֹאֲבִיָּ֑הbut the Moabitesart + N gentilic f sg abs · מוֹאָבִי (H4125)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מוֹאָבִי (H4125) 'but the Moabites'.
גַּ֣םalsoparticle · גַּם (H1571)Particle or relational elementגַּם (H1571) 'also'.
כִּיforconj וְ · כִּי (H3588)Particle or relational elementכִּי (H3588) 'for'.
אָמַ֣רhe saidQal perf 3ms · אָמַר (H559)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actאָמַר (H559) 'he said'.
אֵלַ֗יto meprep + sfx 1cs · אֶל (H413)Particle or relational elementאֶל (H413) 'to me'.
עִםwithprep · עִם (H5973)Particle or relational elementעִם (H5973) 'with'.
הַנְּעָרִ֤יםthe young menart + N com m pl abs · נַעַר (H5288)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)נַעַר (H5288) 'the young men'.
אֲשֶׁרthatrel. שֶׁ · אֲשֶׁר (H834)Particle or relational elementאֲשֶׁר (H834) 'that'.
לִי֙to meprep + sfx 1csParticle or relational elementFunction word: 'to me'.
תִּדְבָּקִ֔יןyou shall clingQal impf 2fs + Sn · דָּבַק (H1692)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalדָּבַק (H1692) 'you shall cling'.
עַ֣דuntilprep · עַד (H5704)Particle or relational elementעַד (H5704) 'until'.
אִםifconj וְ · אִם (H518)Particle or relational elementאִם (H518) 'if'.
כִּלּ֔וּfinish!Piel perf 3cp · כָּלָה (H3615)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actכָּלָה (H3615) 'finish!'.
אֵ֥ת(obj)obj marker · אֵת (H853)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H853) '(obj)'.
כָּלallN c · כֹּל (H3605)Construct chain (genitival)כֹּל (H3605) 'all'.
הַקָּצִ֖ירthe harvestart + N com m sg abs · קָצִיר (H7105)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)קָצִיר (H7105) 'the harvest'.
אֲשֶׁרthatrel. שֶׁ · אֲשֶׁר (H834)Particle or relational elementאֲשֶׁר (H834) 'that'.
לִֽיto meprep + sfx 1csParticle or relational elementFunction word: 'to me'.
22

וַתֹּ֥אמֶר נָעֳמִ֖י אֶל ר֣וּת כַּלָּתָ֑הּ ט֣וֹב בִּתִּ֗י כִּ֤י תֵֽצְאִי֙ עִם נַ֣עֲרוֹתָ֔יו וְלֹ֥א יִפְגְּעוּ בָ֖ךְ בְּשָׂדֶ֥ה אַחֵֽר

And Naomi said to Ruth her daughter in law, good, my daughter, that you go out with his maidens, that they meet you not in any other field.

Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action. Lead predicate is 'and she said'. Speech formula or quoted address.
Word-by-word analysis· 16 words
וַתֹּ֥אמֶרand she saidconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3fs · אָמַר (H559)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceאָמַר (H559) 'and she said'.
נָעֳמִ֖יNaomiN · נׇעֳמִי (H5281)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)נׇעֳמִי (H5281) 'Naomi'.
אֶלtoprep · אֶל (H413)Particle or relational elementאֶל (H413) 'to'.
ר֣וּתRuthN · רוּת (H7327)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)רוּת (H7327) 'Ruth'.
כַּלָּתָ֑הּhis daughter-in-lawN c · כַּלָּה (H3618)Construct chain (genitival)כַּלָּה (H3618) 'his daughter-in-law'.
ט֣וֹבgoodAdj · טוֹב (H2896)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)טוֹב (H2896) 'good'.
בִּתִּ֗יmy daughterN c · בַּת (H1323)Construct chain (genitival)בַּת (H1323) 'my daughter'.
כִּ֤יforconj וְ · כִּי (H3588)Particle or relational elementכִּי (H3588) 'for'.
תֵֽצְאִי֙and he went outQal impf 2fs · יָצָא (H3318)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalיָצָא (H3318) 'and he went out'.
עִםwithprep · עִם (H5973)Particle or relational elementעִם (H5973) 'with'.
נַ֣עֲרוֹתָ֔יוthe girlN c · הַנַּעֲרָה (H5291)Construct chain (genitival)הַנַּעֲרָה (H5291) 'the girl'.
וְלֹ֥אand notconj וְ + neg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'and not'.
יִפְגְּעוּthey meetQal impf 3mp · פָּגַע (H6293)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalפָּגַע (H6293) 'they meet'.
בָ֖ךְamong youprep + sfx 2fsParticle or relational elementFunction word: 'among you'.
בְּשָׂדֶ֥הin the fieldprep + N com m sg abs · שָׂדֶה (H7704)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שָׂדֶה (H7704) 'in the field'.
אַחֵֽרanotherAdj · אַחֵר (H312)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אַחֵר (H312) 'another'.
23

וַתִּדְבַּ֞ק בְּנַעֲר֥וֹת בֹּ֨עַז֙ לְלַקֵּ֔ט עַד כְּל֥וֹת קְצִֽיר הַשְּׂעֹרִ֖ים וּקְצִ֣יר הַֽחִטִּ֑ים וַתֵּ֖שֶׁב אֶת חֲמוֹתָֽהּ

So she kept fast by the maidens of Boaz to glean to the end of barley harvest and of wheat harvest; and dwelt with her mother in law.

Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action. Lead predicate is 'and clung'. Closes the chapter.
Word-by-word analysis· 13 words
וַתִּדְבַּ֞קand clungconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3fs · דָּבַק (H1692)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceדָּבַק (H1692) 'and clung'.
בְּנַעֲר֥וֹתthe girlprep + N com f pl constr · הַנַּעֲרָה (H5291)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)הַנַּעֲרָה (H5291) 'the girl'.
בֹּ֨עַז֙BoazN · בֹּעַז (H1162)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)בֹּעַז (H1162) 'Boaz'.
לְלַקֵּ֔טto gatherprep + Piel inf constr · לָקַט (H3950)Infinitive construct→ Infinitive construct: purpose, result, or complementלָקַט (H3950) 'to gather'.
עַדuntilprep · עַד (H5704)Particle or relational elementעַד (H5704) 'until'.
כְּל֥וֹתfinishingQal inf constr · כָּלָה (H3615)Infinitive construct→ Infinitive construct: purpose, result, or complementכָּלָה (H3615) 'finishing'.
קְצִֽירharvest ofN c · קָצִיר (H7105)Construct chain (genitival)קָצִיר (H7105) 'harvest of'.
הַשְּׂעֹרִ֖יםbarleyart + N com f pl abs · שְׂעֹרָה (H8184)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שְׂעֹרָה (H8184) 'barley'.
וּקְצִ֣ירand harvestconj וְ + N com m sg constr · קָצִיר (H7105)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)קָצִיר (H7105) 'and harvest'.
הַֽחִטִּ֑יםwheatart + N com f pl abs · חִטָּה (H2406)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)חִטָּה (H2406) 'wheat'.
וַתֵּ֖שֶׁבand she satconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3fs · יָשַׁב (H3427)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceיָשַׁב (H3427) 'and she sat'.
אֶתwithprep · אֵת (H854)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H854) 'with'.
חֲמוֹתָֽהּinN c · חֲמוֹת (H2545)Construct chain (genitival)חֲמוֹת (H2545) 'in'.