1
לַמְנַצֵּ֣חַ אַל תַּשְׁחֵת֮ לְדָוִ֪ד מִ֫כְתָּ֥ם בִּשְׁלֹ֥חַ שָׁא֑וּל וַֽיִּשְׁמְר֥וּ אֶת הַ֝בַּ֗יִת לַהֲמִיתֽוֹ
Excel not Al-taschith to Michtam when he sent away Shaul and you shall keep the house to put him to death.
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Participle — attendant circumstance or substantival actor. Lead predicate is 'excel'. Opens the chapter.
Word-by-word analysis· 11 words
לַמְנַצֵּ֣חַexcelprep + art + Piel ptc ms · נָצַח (H5329)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorנָצַח (H5329) 'excel'.
אַלnotneg. · אַל תַּשְׁחֵת (H516)Particle or relational elementאַל תַּשְׁחֵת (H516) 'not'.
תַּשְׁחֵת֮Al-taschithHiphil impf 2ms · אַל תַּשְׁחֵת (H516)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalאַל תַּשְׁחֵת (H516) 'Al-taschith'.
לְדָוִ֪דtoprep + N proper · דָּוִד (H1732)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)דָּוִד (H1732) 'to'.
מִ֫כְתָּ֥םMichtamN c · מִכְתָּם (H4387)Construct chain (genitival)מִכְתָּם (H4387) 'Michtam'.
בִּשְׁלֹ֥חַwhen he sent awayprep + Qal inf constr · שָׁלַח (H7971)Infinitive construct→ Infinitive construct: purpose, result, or complementשָׁלַח (H7971) 'when he sent away'.
שָׁא֑וּלShaulN · שָׁאוּל (H7586)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שָׁאוּל (H7586) 'Shaul'.
וַֽיִּשְׁמְר֥וּand you shall keepconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3mp · שָׁמַר (H8104)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceשָׁמַר (H8104) 'and you shall keep'.
אֶת(obj)obj marker · אֵת (H853)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H853) '(obj)'.
הַ֝בַּ֗יִתthe houseart + N com m sg abs · בַּיִת (H1004)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)בַּיִת (H1004) 'the house'.
לַהֲמִיתֽוֹto put him to deathprep + Hiphil inf constr + sfx 3ms · מוּת (H4191)Infinitive construct→ Infinitive construct: purpose, result, or complementמוּת (H4191) 'to put him to death'.
2
הַצִּילֵ֖נִי מֵאֹיְבַ֥י אֱלֹהָ֑י מִּמִתְקוֹמְמַ֥י תְּשַׂגְּבֵֽנִי
Deliver me your enemies the God of and he arose was too high.
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Imperative — volitional address. Lead predicate is 'Deliver me'.
Word-by-word analysis· 5 words
הַצִּילֵ֖נִיDeliver meHiphil impv 2ms + sfx 1cs · נָצַל (H5337)Predicate verb (imperative)→ Volitional: imperativeנָצַל (H5337) 'Deliver me'.
מֵאֹיְבַ֥יyour enemiesprep + Qal ptc mp + sfx 1cs · אֹיֵב (H341)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorאֹיֵב (H341) 'your enemies'.
אֱלֹהָ֑יthe God ofN c · אֱלֹהִים (H430)Construct chain (genitival)אֱלֹהִים (H430) 'the God of'.
מִּמִתְקוֹמְמַ֥יand he aroseprep + Hithpolel ptc mp + sfx 1cs · קוּם (H6965)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorקוּם (H6965) 'and he arose'.
תְּשַׂגְּבֵֽנִיwas too highPiel impf 2ms + sfx 1cs · שָׂגַב (H7682)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalשָׂגַב (H7682) 'was too high'.
3
הַ֭צִּילֵנִי מִפֹּ֣עֲלֵי אָ֑וֶן וּֽמֵאַנְשֵׁ֥י דָ֝מִ֗ים הוֹשִׁיעֵֽנִי
Deliver me did iniquity a man bloodguilt one to save.
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Imperative — volitional address. Lead predicate is 'Deliver me'.
Word-by-word analysis· 6 words
הַ֭צִּילֵנִיDeliver meHiphil impv 2ms + sfx 1cs · נָצַל (H5337)Predicate verb (imperative)→ Volitional: imperativeנָצַל (H5337) 'Deliver me'.
מִפֹּ֣עֲלֵיdidprep + Qal ptc mp · פָּעַל (H6466)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorפָּעַל (H6466) 'did'.
אָ֑וֶןiniquityN c · אוֹן (H205)Construct chain (genitival)אוֹן (H205) 'iniquity'.
וּֽמֵאַנְשֵׁ֥יa manconj וְ + prep + N com m pl constr · אִישׁ (H376)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אִישׁ (H376) 'a man'.
דָ֝מִ֗יםbloodguiltN c · דָּם (H1818)Construct chain (genitival)דָּם (H1818) 'bloodguilt'.
הוֹשִׁיעֵֽנִיone to saveHiphil impv 2ms + sfx 1cs · יָשַׁע (H3467)Predicate verb (imperative)→ Volitional: imperativeיָשַׁע (H3467) 'one to save'.
4
כִּ֤י הִנֵּ֪ה אָֽרְב֡וּ לְנַפְשִׁ֗י יָג֣וּרוּ עָלַ֣י עַזִ֑ים לֹא פִשְׁעִ֖י וְלֹא חַטָּאתִ֣י יְהוָֽה
For behold lying in ambush your soul who sojourns against me strong not my transgression and not my sin YHWH.
kî-clause (causal, recitative, or evidential). Qatal — perfective or stative predication. Lead predicate is 'lying in ambush'.
Word-by-word analysis· 12 words
כִּ֤יforconj וְ · כִּי (H3588)Particle or relational elementכִּי (H3588) 'for'.
הִנֵּ֪הbeholdadv. · הִנֵּה (H2009)Particle or relational elementהִנֵּה (H2009) 'behold'.
אָֽרְב֡וּlying in ambushQal perf 3cp · אָרַב (H693)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actאָרַב (H693) 'lying in ambush'.
לְנַפְשִׁ֗יyour soulprep + N com c sg constr + sfx 1cs · נֶפֶשׁ (H5315)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)נֶפֶשׁ (H5315) 'your soul'.
יָג֣וּרוּwho sojournsQal impf 3mp · גּוּר (H1481)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalגּוּר (H1481) 'who sojourns'.
עָלַ֣יagainst meprep + sfx 1cs · עַל (H5921)Particle or relational elementעַל (H5921) 'against me'.
עַזִ֑יםstrongAdj · עַז (H5794)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עַז (H5794) 'strong'.
לֹאnotneg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'not'.
פִשְׁעִ֖יmy transgressionN c · פֶשַע (H6588)Construct chain (genitival)פֶשַע (H6588) 'my transgression'.
וְלֹאand notconj וְ + neg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'and not'.
חַטָּאתִ֣יmy sinN c · חַטָּאת (H2403)Construct chain (genitival)חַטָּאת (H2403) 'my sin'.
יְהוָֽהYHWHN · יְהוָה (H3068)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוָה (H3068) 'YHWH'.
5
בְּֽלִי עָ֭וֺן יְרוּצ֣וּן וְיִכּוֹנָ֑נוּ ע֖וּרָה לִקְרָאתִ֣י וּרְאֵה
Without the iniquity of and he ran ready awake to meet me shall examine.
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'and he ran'.
Word-by-word analysis· 7 words
בְּֽלִיwithoutneg. · בְּלִי (H1097)Particle or relational elementבְּלִי (H1097) 'without'.
עָ֭וֺןthe iniquity ofN c · עָוֹן (H5771)Construct chain (genitival)עָוֹן (H5771) 'the iniquity of'.
יְרוּצ֣וּןand he ranQal impf 3mp + Sn · רוּץ (H7323)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalרוּץ (H7323) 'and he ran'.
וְיִכּוֹנָ֑נוּreadyconj וְ + Hithpolel impf 3mp · כּוּן (H3559)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalכּוּן (H3559) 'ready'.
ע֖וּרָהawakeQal impv 2ms + Sh · עוּר (H5782)Predicate verb (imperative)→ Volitional: imperativeעוּר (H5782) 'awake'.
לִקְרָאתִ֣יto meet meprep + Qal inf constr + sfx 1cs · קָרָא (H7125)Infinitive construct→ Infinitive construct: purpose, result, or complementקָרָא (H7125) 'to meet me'.
וּרְאֵהshall examineconj וְ + Qal impv 2ms · רָאָה (H7200)Predicate verb (imperative)→ Volitional: imperativeרָאָה (H7200) 'shall examine'.
6
וְאַתָּ֤ה יְהוָֽה אֱלֹהִ֥ים צְבָא֡וֹת אֱלֹ֘הֵ֤י יִשְׂרָאֵ֗ל הָקִ֗יצָה לִפְקֹ֥ד כָּֽל הַגּוֹיִ֑ם אַל תָּחֹ֨ן כָּל בֹּ֖גְדֵי אָ֣וֶן סֶֽלָה
And you YHWH God of troops the God of Israel arise their mustered (men) all the nations do not pity me all in his dealing treacherously iniquity Selah.
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Imperative — volitional address. Lead predicate is 'arise'.
Word-by-word analysis· 16 words
וְאַתָּ֤הand youconj וְ + pron 2ms · אַתָּה (H859)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אַתָּה (H859) 'and you'.
יְהוָֽהYHWHN · יְהוָה (H3068)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוָה (H3068) 'YHWH'.
אֱלֹהִ֥יםGodN c · אֱלֹהִים (H430)Construct chain (genitival)אֱלֹהִים (H430) 'God'.
צְבָא֡וֹתof troopsN c · צָבָא (H6635)Construct chain (genitival)צָבָא (H6635) 'of troops'.
אֱלֹ֘הֵ֤יthe God ofN c · אֱלֹהִים (H430)Construct chain (genitival)אֱלֹהִים (H430) 'the God of'.
יִשְׂרָאֵ֗לIsraelN · יִשְׂרָאֵל (H3478)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יִשְׂרָאֵל (H3478) 'Israel'.
הָקִ֗יצָהariseHiphil impv 2ms + Sh · קוּץ (H6974)Predicate verb (imperative)→ Volitional: imperativeקוּץ (H6974) 'arise'.
לִפְקֹ֥דtheir mustered (men)prep + Qal inf constr · פָּקַד (H6485)Infinitive construct→ Infinitive construct: purpose, result, or complementפָּקַד (H6485) 'their mustered (men)'.
כָּֽלallN c · כֹּל (H3605)Construct chain (genitival)כֹּל (H3605) 'all'.
הַגּוֹיִ֑םthe nationsart + N com m pl abs · גּוֹי (H1471)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)גּוֹי (H1471) 'the nations'.
אַלdo notneg. · אַל (H408)Particle or relational elementאַל (H408) 'do not'.
תָּחֹ֨ןpity meQal jussive 2ms · חָנַן (H2603)Predicate verb (jussive)→ Jussive: volitionalחָנַן (H2603) 'pity me'.
כָּלallN c · כֹּל (H3605)Construct chain (genitival)כֹּל (H3605) 'all'.
בֹּ֖גְדֵיin his dealing treacherouslyQal ptc mp · בָּגַד (H898)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorבָּגַד (H898) 'in his dealing treacherously'.
אָ֣וֶןiniquityN c · אוֹן (H205)Construct chain (genitival)אוֹן (H205) 'iniquity'.
סֶֽלָהSelahparticle · סֶלָה (H5542)Particle or relational elementסֶלָה (H5542) 'Selah'.
7
יָשׁ֣וּבוּ לָ֭עֶרֶב יֶהֱמ֥וּ כַכָּ֗לֶב וִיס֥וֹבְבוּ עִֽיר
They will return the evening clamorous a dog and they marched around the city of.
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'they will return'.
Word-by-word analysis· 6 words
יָשׁ֣וּבוּthey will returnQal impf 3mp · שׁוּב (H7725)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalשׁוּב (H7725) 'they will return'.
לָ֭עֶרֶבthe eveningprep + art + N com m sg abs · עֶרֶב (H6153)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עֶרֶב (H6153) 'the evening'.
יֶהֱמ֥וּclamorousQal impf 3mp · הָמָה (H1993)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalהָמָה (H1993) 'clamorous'.
כַכָּ֗לֶבa dogprep + art + N com m sg abs · כֶּלֶב (H3611)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)כֶּלֶב (H3611) 'a dog'.
וִיס֥וֹבְבוּand they marched aroundconj וְ + Poel impf 3mp · סָבַב (H5437)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalסָבַב (H5437) 'and they marched around'.
עִֽירthe city ofN c · עִיר (H5892)Construct chain (genitival)עִיר (H5892) 'the city of'.
8
הִנֵּ֤ה יַבִּ֘יע֤וּן בְּפִיהֶ֗ם חֲ֭רָבוֹת בְּשִׂפְתוֹתֵיהֶ֑ם כִּי מִ֥י שֹׁמֵֽעַ
Behold belch out in their mouths knives of the edge of for who listen.
Presentative hinneh, putting a new scene or surprise on stage. Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'belch out'.
Word-by-word analysis· 8 words
הִנֵּ֤הbeholdadv. · הִנֵּה (H2009)Particle or relational elementהִנֵּה (H2009) 'behold'.
יַבִּ֘יע֤וּןbelch outHiphil impf 3mp + Sn · נָבַע (H5042)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalנָבַע (H5042) 'belch out'.
בְּפִיהֶ֗םin their mouthsprep + N com m sg constr + sfx 3mp · פֶּה (H6310)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)פֶּה (H6310) 'in their mouths'.
חֲ֭רָבוֹתknives ofN c · חֶרֶב (H2719)Construct chain (genitival)חֶרֶב (H2719) 'knives of'.
בְּשִׂפְתוֹתֵיהֶ֑םthe edge ofprep + N com f pl constr + sfx 3mp · שָׂפָה (H8193)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שָׂפָה (H8193) 'the edge of'.
כִּיforconj וְ · כִּי (H3588)Particle or relational elementכִּי (H3588) 'for'.
מִ֥יwhointerrog. · מִי (H4310)Particle or relational elementמִי (H4310) 'who'.
שֹׁמֵֽעַlistenQal ptc ms · שָׁמַע (H8085)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorשָׁמַע (H8085) 'listen'.
9
וְאַתָּ֣ה יְ֭הוָה תִּשְׂחַק לָ֑מוֹ תִּ֝לְעַ֗ג לְכָל גּוֹיִֽם
And you YHWH and for them have in derision to all nations.
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented.
Word-by-word analysis· 7 words
וְאַתָּ֣הand youconj וְ + pron 2ms · אַתָּה (H859)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אַתָּה (H859) 'and you'.
יְ֭הוָהYHWHN · יְהוָה (H3068)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוָה (H3068) 'YHWH'.
תִּשְׂחַקandQal impf 2ms · שָׂחַק (H7832)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalשָׂחַק (H7832) 'and'.
לָ֑מוֹfor themprep + sfx 3mpParticle or relational elementFunction word: 'for them'.
תִּ֝לְעַ֗גhave in derisionQal impf 2ms · לָעַג (H3932)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalלָעַג (H3932) 'have in derision'.
לְכָלto allprep + N com m sg constr · כֹּל (H3605)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)כֹּל (H3605) 'to all'.
גּוֹיִֽםnationsN c · גּוֹי (H1471)Construct chain (genitival)גּוֹי (H1471) 'nations'.
10
עֻ֭זּוֹ אֵלֶ֣יךָ אֶשְׁמֹ֑רָה כִּֽי אֱ֝לֹהִ֗ים מִשְׂגַּבִּֽי
Strength to you and you shall keep for God defence.
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Weqatal / cohortative — sequential or volitional. Lead predicate is 'and you shall keep'.
Word-by-word analysis· 6 words
עֻ֭זּוֹstrengthN c · עֹז (H5797)Construct chain (genitival)עֹז (H5797) 'strength'.
אֵלֶ֣יךָto youprep + sfx 2ms · אֶל (H413)Particle or relational elementאֶל (H413) 'to you'.
אֶשְׁמֹ֑רָהand you shall keepQal cohortative 1cs · שָׁמַר (H8104)Predicate verb (weqatal / cohortative)→ Weqatal/cohortative: sequential or volitionalשָׁמַר (H8104) 'and you shall keep'.
כִּֽיforconj וְ · כִּי (H3588)Particle or relational elementכִּי (H3588) 'for'.
אֱ֝לֹהִ֗יםGodN c · אֱלֹהִים (H430)Construct chain (genitival)אֱלֹהִים (H430) 'God'.
מִשְׂגַּבִּֽיdefenceN c · מִשְׂגָּב (H4869)Construct chain (genitival)מִשְׂגָּב (H4869) 'defence'.
11
אֱלֹהֵ֣י חסדו חַסְדִּ֣י יְקַדְּמֵ֑נִי אֱ֝לֹהִ֗ים יַרְאֵ֥נִי בְשֹׁרְרָֽי
The God of his covenant kindness kindness they met God shall see me in.
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'they met'.
Word-by-word analysis· 7 words
אֱלֹהֵ֣יthe God ofN c · אֱלֹהִים (H430)Construct chain (genitival)אֱלֹהִים (H430) 'the God of'.
חסדוhis covenant kindnessN c · חֶסֶד (H2617)Construct chain (genitival)חֶסֶד (H2617) 'his covenant kindness'.
חַסְדִּ֣יkindnessN c · חֶסֶד (H2617)Construct chain (genitival)חֶסֶד (H2617) 'kindness'.
יְקַדְּמֵ֑נִיthey metPiel impf 3ms + sfx 1cs · קָדַם (H6923)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalקָדַם (H6923) 'they met'.
אֱ֝לֹהִ֗יםGodN c · אֱלֹהִים (H430)Construct chain (genitival)אֱלֹהִים (H430) 'God'.
יַרְאֵ֥נִיshall see meHiphil impf 3ms + sfx 1cs · רָאָה (H7200)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalרָאָה (H7200) 'shall see me'.
בְשֹׁרְרָֽיinprep + N com m pl constr + sfx 1cs · שָׁרַר (H8324)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שָׁרַר (H8324) 'in'.
12
אַל תַּהַרְגֵ֤ם פֶּֽן יִשְׁכְּח֬וּ עַמִּ֗י הֲנִיעֵ֣מוֹ בְ֭חֵילְךָ וְהוֹרִידֵ֑מוֹ מָֽגִנֵּ֣נוּ אֲדֹנָֽי
Do not they killed lest you forget my people wandering ability and went down the shield of my Lord.
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Jussive — volitional. Lead predicate is 'they killed'.
Word-by-word analysis· 10 words
אַלdo notneg. · אַל (H408)Particle or relational elementאַל (H408) 'do not'.
תַּהַרְגֵ֤םthey killedQal jussive 2ms + sfx 3mp · הָרַג (H2026)Predicate verb (jussive)→ Jussive: volitionalהָרַג (H2026) 'they killed'.
פֶּֽןlestconj וְ · פֶּן (H6435)Particle or relational elementפֶּן (H6435) 'lest'.
יִשְׁכְּח֬וּyou forgetQal impf 3mp · שָׁכַח (H7911)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalשָׁכַח (H7911) 'you forget'.
עַמִּ֗יmy peopleN c · עַם (H5971)Construct chain (genitival)עַם (H5971) 'my people'.
הֲנִיעֵ֣מוֹwanderingHiphil impv 2ms + sfx 3mp · נוּעַ (H5128)Predicate verb (imperative)→ Volitional: imperativeנוּעַ (H5128) 'wandering'.
בְ֭חֵילְךָabilityprep + N com m sg constr + sfx 2ms · חַיִל (H2428)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)חַיִל (H2428) 'ability'.
וְהוֹרִידֵ֑מוֹand went downconj וְ + Hiphil impv 2ms + sfx 3mp · יָרַד (H3381)Predicate verb (imperative)→ Volitional: imperativeיָרַד (H3381) 'and went down'.
מָֽגִנֵּ֣נוּthe shield ofN c · מָגֵן (H4043)Construct chain (genitival)מָגֵן (H4043) 'the shield of'.
אֲדֹנָֽיmy LordN c · אֲדֹנָי (H136)Construct chain (genitival)אֲדֹנָי (H136) 'my Lord'.
13
חַטַּאת פִּ֗ימוֹ דְּֽבַר שְׂפָ֫תֵ֥ימוֹ וְיִלָּכְד֥וּ בִגְאוֹנָ֑ם וּמֵאָלָ֖ה וּמִכַּ֣חַשׁ יְסַפֵּֽרוּ
As a sin offering the mouth of the matter of the edge of and they captured the pride of an oath leanness and he recounted.
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'and they captured'.
Word-by-word analysis· 9 words
חַטַּאתas a sin offeringN c · חַטָּאת (H2403)Construct chain (genitival)חַטָּאת (H2403) 'as a sin offering'.
פִּ֗ימוֹthe mouth ofN c · פֶּה (H6310)Construct chain (genitival)פֶּה (H6310) 'the mouth of'.
דְּֽבַרthe matter ofN c · דָּבָר (H1697)Construct chain (genitival)דָּבָר (H1697) 'the matter of'.
שְׂפָ֫תֵ֥ימוֹthe edge ofN c · שָׂפָה (H8193)Construct chain (genitival)שָׂפָה (H8193) 'the edge of'.
וְיִלָּכְד֥וּand they capturedconj וְ + Niphal impf 3mp · לָכַד (H3920)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalלָכַד (H3920) 'and they captured'.
בִגְאוֹנָ֑םthe pride ofprep + N com m sg constr + sfx 3mp · גָּאוֹן (H1347)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)גָּאוֹן (H1347) 'the pride of'.
וּמֵאָלָ֖הan oathconj וְ + prep + N com f sg abs · אָלָה (H423)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אָלָה (H423) 'an oath'.
וּמִכַּ֣חַשׁleannessconj וְ + prep + N com m sg abs · כַּחַשׁ (H3585)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)כַּחַשׁ (H3585) 'leanness'.
יְסַפֵּֽרוּand he recountedPiel impf 3mp · סָפַר (H5608)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalסָפַר (H5608) 'and he recounted'.
14
כַּלֵּ֥ה בְחֵמָה֮ כַּלֵּ֪ה וְֽאֵ֫ינֵ֥מוֹ וְֽיֵדְע֗וּ כִּֽי אֱ֭לֹהִים מֹשֵׁ֣ל בְּיַעֲקֹ֑ב לְאַפְסֵ֖י הָאָ֣רֶץ סֶֽלָה
He finished the venom of he finished there is not and they shall know for God ruling in Jacob the ends of the land Selah.
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Imperative — volitional address. Lead predicate is 'he finished'.
Word-by-word analysis· 12 words
כַּלֵּ֥הhe finishedPiel impv 2ms · כָּלָה (H3615)Predicate verb (imperative)→ Volitional: imperativeכָּלָה (H3615) 'he finished'.
בְחֵמָה֮the venom ofprep + N com f sg abs · חֵמָה (H2534)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)חֵמָה (H2534) 'the venom of'.
כַּלֵּ֪הhe finishedPiel impv 2ms · כָּלָה (H3615)Predicate verb (imperative)→ Volitional: imperativeכָּלָה (H3615) 'he finished'.
וְֽאֵ֫ינֵ֥מוֹthere is notconj וְ + neg. + sfx 3mp · אַיִן (H369)Particle or relational elementאַיִן (H369) 'there is not'.
וְֽיֵדְע֗וּand they shall knowconj וְ + Qal impf 3mp · יָדַע (H3045)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalיָדַע (H3045) 'and they shall know'.
כִּֽיforconj וְ · כִּי (H3588)Particle or relational elementכִּי (H3588) 'for'.
אֱ֭לֹהִיםGodN c · אֱלֹהִים (H430)Construct chain (genitival)אֱלֹהִים (H430) 'God'.
מֹשֵׁ֣לrulingQal ptc ms · מָשַׁל (H4910)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorמָשַׁל (H4910) 'ruling'.
בְּיַעֲקֹ֑בin Jacobprep + N proper · יַעֲקֹב (H3290)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יַעֲקֹב (H3290) 'in Jacob'.
לְאַפְסֵ֖יthe ends ofprep + N com m pl constr · אֶפֶס (H657)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֶפֶס (H657) 'the ends of'.
הָאָ֣רֶץthe landart + N com c sg abs · אֶרֶץ (H776)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֶרֶץ (H776) 'the land'.
סֶֽלָהSelahparticle · סֶלָה (H5542)Particle or relational elementסֶלָה (H5542) 'Selah'.
15
וְיָשׁ֣וּבוּ לָ֭עֶרֶב יֶהֱמ֥וּ כַכָּ֗לֶב וִיס֥וֹבְבוּ עִֽיר
And he returned the evening clamorous a dog and they marched around the city of.
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'and he returned'.
Word-by-word analysis· 6 words
וְיָשׁ֣וּבוּand he returnedconj וְ + Qal impf 3mp · שׁוּב (H7725)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalשׁוּב (H7725) 'and he returned'.
לָ֭עֶרֶבthe eveningprep + art + N com m sg abs · עֶרֶב (H6153)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עֶרֶב (H6153) 'the evening'.
יֶהֱמ֥וּclamorousQal impf 3mp · הָמָה (H1993)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalהָמָה (H1993) 'clamorous'.
כַכָּ֗לֶבa dogprep + art + N com m sg abs · כֶּלֶב (H3611)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)כֶּלֶב (H3611) 'a dog'.
וִיס֥וֹבְבוּand they marched aroundconj וְ + Poel impf 3mp · סָבַב (H5437)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalסָבַב (H5437) 'and they marched around'.
עִֽירthe city ofN c · עִיר (H5892)Construct chain (genitival)עִיר (H5892) 'the city of'.
16
הֵ֭מָּה ינועון יְנִיע֣וּן לֶאֱכֹ֑ל אִם לֹ֥א יִ֝שְׂבְּע֗וּ וַיָּלִֽינוּ
They wandering wandering to eat if not and be satisfied and they lodged.
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'wandering'.
Word-by-word analysis· 8 words
הֵ֭מָּהtheypron 3mp · הֵמָּה (H1992)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)הֵמָּה (H1992) 'they'.
ינועוןwanderingQal impf 3mp + Sn · נוּעַ (H5128)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalנוּעַ (H5128) 'wandering'.
יְנִיע֣וּןwanderingHiphil impf 3mp + Sn · נוּעַ (H5128)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalנוּעַ (H5128) 'wandering'.
לֶאֱכֹ֑לto eatprep + Qal inf constr · אָכַל (H398)Infinitive construct→ Infinitive construct: purpose, result, or complementאָכַל (H398) 'to eat'.
אִםifconj וְ · אִם (H518)Particle or relational elementאִם (H518) 'if'.
לֹ֥אnotneg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'not'.
יִ֝שְׂבְּע֗וּand be satisfiedQal impf 3mp · שָׂבַע (H7646)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalשָׂבַע (H7646) 'and be satisfied'.
וַיָּלִֽינוּand they lodgedconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3mp · לוּן (H3885)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceלוּן (H3885) 'and they lodged'.
17
וַאֲנִ֤י אָשִׁ֣יר עֻזֶּךָ֮ וַאֲרַנֵּ֥ן לַבֹּ֗קֶר חַ֫סְדֶּ֥ךָ כִּֽי הָיִ֣יתָ מִשְׂגָּ֣ב לִ֑י וּ֝מָנ֗וֹס בְּי֣וֹם צַר לִֽי
And I I will sing strength shout for joy until morning your steadfast love for you were defence to me and on the day narrow to me.
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'I will sing'.
Word-by-word analysis· 14 words
וַאֲנִ֤יand Iconj וְ + pron 1cs · אֲנִי (H589)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֲנִי (H589) 'and I'.
אָשִׁ֣ירI will singQal impf 1cs · שִׁיר (H7891)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalשִׁיר (H7891) 'I will sing'.
עֻזֶּךָ֮strengthN c · עֹז (H5797)Construct chain (genitival)עֹז (H5797) 'strength'.
וַאֲרַנֵּ֥ןshout for joyconj וְ + Piel impf 1cs · רָנַן (H7442)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalרָנַן (H7442) 'shout for joy'.
לַבֹּ֗קֶרuntil morningprep + art + N com m sg abs · בֹּקֶר (H1242)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)בֹּקֶר (H1242) 'until morning'.
חַ֫סְדֶּ֥ךָyour steadfast loveN c · חֶסֶד (H2617)Construct chain (genitival)חֶסֶד (H2617) 'your steadfast love'.
כִּֽיforconj וְ · כִּי (H3588)Particle or relational elementכִּי (H3588) 'for'.
הָיִ֣יתָyou wereQal perf 2ms · הָיָה (H1961)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actהָיָה (H1961) 'you were'.
מִשְׂגָּ֣בdefenceN c · מִשְׂגָּב (H4869)Construct chain (genitival)מִשְׂגָּב (H4869) 'defence'.
לִ֑יto meprep + sfx 1csParticle or relational elementFunction word: 'to me'.
וּ֝מָנ֗וֹסandconj וְ + N com m sg abs · מָנוֹס (H4498)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מָנוֹס (H4498) 'and'.
בְּי֣וֹםon the dayprep + N com m sg constr · יוֹם (H3117)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יוֹם (H3117) 'on the day'.
צַרnarrowQal perf 3ms · צַר (H6862)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actצַר (H6862) 'narrow'.
לִֽיto meprep + sfx 1csParticle or relational elementFunction word: 'to me'.
18
עֻ֭זִּי אֵלֶ֣יךָ אֲזַמֵּ֑רָה כִּֽי אֱלֹהִ֥ים מִ֝שְׂגַּבִּ֗י אֱלֹהֵ֥י חַסְדִּֽי
My strength to you I will make music for God defence the God of kindness.
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'I will make music'. Closes the chapter.
Word-by-word analysis· 8 words
עֻ֭זִּיmy strengthN c · עֹז (H5797)Construct chain (genitival)עֹז (H5797) 'my strength'.
אֵלֶ֣יךָto youprep + sfx 2ms · אֶל (H413)Particle or relational elementאֶל (H413) 'to you'.
אֲזַמֵּ֑רָהI will make musicPiel impf 1cs · זָמַר (H2167)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalזָמַר (H2167) 'I will make music'.
כִּֽיforconj וְ · כִּי (H3588)Particle or relational elementכִּי (H3588) 'for'.
אֱלֹהִ֥יםGodN c · אֱלֹהִים (H430)Construct chain (genitival)אֱלֹהִים (H430) 'God'.
מִ֝שְׂגַּבִּ֗יdefenceN c · מִשְׂגָּב (H4869)Construct chain (genitival)מִשְׂגָּב (H4869) 'defence'.
אֱלֹהֵ֥יthe God ofN c · אֱלֹהִים (H430)Construct chain (genitival)אֱלֹהִים (H430) 'the God of'.
חַסְדִּֽיkindnessN c · חֶסֶד (H2617)Construct chain (genitival)חֶסֶד (H2617) 'kindness'.