1
לַמְנַצֵּ֥חַ בִּנְגִינֹ֗ת מַשְׂכִּ֥יל לְדָוִֽד
Excel and Maschil to.
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Participle — attendant circumstance or substantival actor. Lead predicate is 'excel'. Opens the chapter.
Word-by-word analysis· 4 words
לַמְנַצֵּ֥חַexcelprep + art + Piel ptc ms · נָצַח (H5329)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorנָצַח (H5329) 'excel'.
בִּנְגִינֹ֗תandprep + N com f pl abs · נְגִינָה (H5058)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)נְגִינָה (H5058) 'and'.
מַשְׂכִּ֥ילMaschilN c · מַשְׂכִּיל (H4905)Construct chain (genitival)מַשְׂכִּיל (H4905) 'Maschil'.
לְדָוִֽדtoprep + N proper · דָּוִד (H1732)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)דָּוִד (H1732) 'to'.
2
בְּב֣וֹא הַ֭זִּיפִים וַיֹּאמְר֣וּ לְשָׁא֑וּל הֲלֹ֥א דָ֝וִ֗ד מִסְתַּתֵּ֥ר עִמָּֽנוּ
When comes Ziphim and they said of Shaul is it not David I will hide with us.
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Infinitive construct — purpose, result, or complement. Lead predicate is 'when comes'. Speech formula or quoted address.
Word-by-word analysis· 8 words
בְּב֣וֹאwhen comesprep + Qal inf constr · בּוֹא (H935)Infinitive construct→ Infinitive construct: purpose, result, or complementבּוֹא (H935) 'when comes'.
הַ֭זִּיפִיםZiphimart + N gentilic m pl abs · זִיפִי (H2130)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)זִיפִי (H2130) 'Ziphim'.
וַיֹּאמְר֣וּand they saidconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3mp · אָמַר (H559)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceאָמַר (H559) 'and they said'.
לְשָׁא֑וּלof Shaulprep + N proper · שָׁאוּל (H7586)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שָׁאוּל (H7586) 'of Shaul'.
הֲלֹ֥אis it notinterrog. + neg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'is it not'.
דָ֝וִ֗דDavidN · דָּוִד (H1732)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)דָּוִד (H1732) 'David'.
מִסְתַּתֵּ֥רI will hideHithpael ptc ms · סָתַר (H5641)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorסָתַר (H5641) 'I will hide'.
עִמָּֽנוּwith usprep + sfx 1cp · עִם (H5973)Particle or relational elementעִם (H5973) 'with us'.
3
אֱ֭לֹהִים בְּשִׁמְךָ֣ הוֹשִׁיעֵ֑נִי וּבִגְבוּרָתְךָ֥ תְדִינֵֽנִי
God in your name one to save and like your mighty acts will vindicate.
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Imperative — volitional address. Lead predicate is 'one to save'.
Word-by-word analysis· 5 words
אֱ֭לֹהִיםGodN c · אֱלֹהִים (H430)Construct chain (genitival)אֱלֹהִים (H430) 'God'.
בְּשִׁמְךָ֣in your nameprep + N com m sg constr + sfx 2ms · שֵׁם (H8034)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שֵׁם (H8034) 'in your name'.
הוֹשִׁיעֵ֑נִיone to saveHiphil impv 2ms + sfx 1cs · יָשַׁע (H3467)Predicate verb (imperative)→ Volitional: imperativeיָשַׁע (H3467) 'one to save'.
וּבִגְבוּרָתְךָ֥and like your mighty actsconj וְ + prep + N com f sg constr + sfx 2ms · גְּבוּרָה (H1369)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)גְּבוּרָה (H1369) 'and like your mighty acts'.
תְדִינֵֽנִיwill vindicateQal impf 2ms + sfx 1cs · דִּין (H1777)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalדִּין (H1777) 'will vindicate'.
4
אֱ֭לֹהִים שְׁמַ֣ע תְּפִלָּתִ֑י הַ֝אֲזִ֗ינָה לְאִמְרֵי פִֽי
God listen prayer give ear the words of the mouth of.
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Imperative — volitional address. Lead predicate is 'listen'.
Word-by-word analysis· 6 words
אֱ֭לֹהִיםGodN c · אֱלֹהִים (H430)Construct chain (genitival)אֱלֹהִים (H430) 'God'.
שְׁמַ֣עlistenQal impv 2ms · שָׁמַע (H8085)Predicate verb (imperative)→ Volitional: imperativeשָׁמַע (H8085) 'listen'.
תְּפִלָּתִ֑יprayerN c · תְּפִלָּה (H8605)Construct chain (genitival)תְּפִלָּה (H8605) 'prayer'.
הַ֝אֲזִ֗ינָהgive earHiphil impv 2ms + Sh · אָזַן (H238)Predicate verb (imperative)→ Volitional: imperativeאָזַן (H238) 'give ear'.
לְאִמְרֵיthe words ofprep + N com m pl constr · אֵמֶר (H561)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֵמֶר (H561) 'the words of'.
פִֽיthe mouth ofN c · פֶּה (H6310)Construct chain (genitival)פֶּה (H6310) 'the mouth of'.
5
כִּ֤י זָרִ֨ים קָ֤מוּ עָלַ֗י וְֽ֭עָרִיצִים בִּקְשׁ֣וּ נַפְשִׁ֑י לֹ֤א שָׂ֨מוּ אֱלֹהִ֖ים לְנֶגְדָּ֣ם סֶֽלָה
For an outsider rise up! against me mighty seeking my soul not had set God at a distance Selah.
kî-clause (causal, recitative, or evidential). Qatal — perfective or stative predication. Lead predicate is 'rise up!'.
Word-by-word analysis· 12 words
כִּ֤יforconj וְ · כִּי (H3588)Particle or relational elementכִּי (H3588) 'for'.
זָרִ֨יםan outsiderAdj · זָר (H2114)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)זָר (H2114) 'an outsider'.
קָ֤מוּrise up!Qal perf 3cp · קוּם (H6965)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actקוּם (H6965) 'rise up!'.
עָלַ֗יagainst meprep + sfx 1cs · עַל (H5921)Particle or relational elementעַל (H5921) 'against me'.
וְֽ֭עָרִיצִיםmightyconj וְ + Adj · עָרִיץ (H6184)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עָרִיץ (H6184) 'mighty'.
בִּקְשׁ֣וּseekingPiel perf 3cp · בִּקֵּשׁ (H1245)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actבִּקֵּשׁ (H1245) 'seeking'.
נַפְשִׁ֑יmy soulN c · נֶפֶשׁ (H5315)Construct chain (genitival)נֶפֶשׁ (H5315) 'my soul'.
לֹ֤אnotneg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'not'.
שָׂ֨מוּhad setQal perf 3cp · שִׂים (H7760)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actשִׂים (H7760) 'had set'.
אֱלֹהִ֖יםGodN c · אֱלֹהִים (H430)Construct chain (genitival)אֱלֹהִים (H430) 'God'.
לְנֶגְדָּ֣םat a distanceprep + prep + sfx 3mp · נֶגֶד (H5048)Particle or relational elementנֶגֶד (H5048) 'at a distance'.
סֶֽלָהSelahparticle · סֶלָה (H5542)Particle or relational elementסֶלָה (H5542) 'Selah'.
6
הִנֵּ֣ה אֱ֭לֹהִים עֹזֵ֣ר לִ֑י אֲ֝דֹנָ֗י בְּֽסֹמְכֵ֥י נַפְשִֽׁי
Behold God and help you to me my Lord and he shall lay my soul.
Presentative hinneh, putting a new scene or surprise on stage. Participle — attendant circumstance or substantival actor. Lead predicate is 'and help you'.
Word-by-word analysis· 7 words
הִנֵּ֣הbeholdadv. · הִנֵּה (H2009)Particle or relational elementהִנֵּה (H2009) 'behold'.
אֱ֭לֹהִיםGodN c · אֱלֹהִים (H430)Construct chain (genitival)אֱלֹהִים (H430) 'God'.
עֹזֵ֣רand help youQal ptc ms · עָזַר (H5826)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorעָזַר (H5826) 'and help you'.
לִ֑יto meprep + sfx 1csParticle or relational elementFunction word: 'to me'.
אֲ֝דֹנָ֗יmy LordN c · אֲדֹנָי (H136)Construct chain (genitival)אֲדֹנָי (H136) 'my Lord'.
בְּֽסֹמְכֵ֥יand he shall layprep + Qal ptc mp · סָמַךְ (H5564)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorסָמַךְ (H5564) 'and he shall lay'.
נַפְשִֽׁיmy soulN c · נֶפֶשׁ (H5315)Construct chain (genitival)נֶפֶשׁ (H5315) 'my soul'.
7
ישוב יָשִׁ֣יב הָ֭רַע לְשֹׁרְרָ֑י בַּ֝אֲמִתְּךָ֗ הַצְמִיתֵֽם
He shall return he shall refund the evil to true and.
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'he shall return'.
Word-by-word analysis· 6 words
ישובhe shall returnQal impf 3ms · שׁוּב (H7725)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalשׁוּב (H7725) 'he shall return'.
יָשִׁ֣יבhe shall refundHiphil impf 3ms · שׁוּב (H7725)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalשׁוּב (H7725) 'he shall refund'.
הָ֭רַעthe evilart + Adj · רַע (H7451)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)רַע (H7451) 'the evil'.
לְשֹׁרְרָ֑יtoprep + N com m pl constr + sfx 1cs · שָׁרַר (H8324)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שָׁרַר (H8324) 'to'.
בַּ֝אֲמִתְּךָ֗trueprep + N com f sg constr + sfx 2ms · אֱמֶת (H571)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֱמֶת (H571) 'true'.
הַצְמִיתֵֽםandHiphil impv 2ms + sfx 3mp · צָמַת (H6789)Predicate verb (imperative)→ Volitional: imperativeצָמַת (H6789) 'and'.
8
בִּנְדָבָ֥ה אֶזְבְּחָה לָּ֑ךְ א֤וֹדֶה שִּׁמְךָ֖ יְהוָ֣ה כִּי טֽוֹב
As a freewill offering to sacrifice to you I will praise your name YHWH for good.
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Weqatal / cohortative — sequential or volitional. Lead predicate is 'to sacrifice'.
Word-by-word analysis· 8 words
בִּנְדָבָ֥הas a freewill offeringprep + N com f sg abs · נְדָבָה (H5071)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)נְדָבָה (H5071) 'as a freewill offering'.
אֶזְבְּחָהto sacrificeQal cohortative 1cs · זָבַח (H2076)Predicate verb (weqatal / cohortative)→ Weqatal/cohortative: sequential or volitionalזָבַח (H2076) 'to sacrifice'.
לָּ֑ךְto youprep + sfx 2fsParticle or relational elementFunction word: 'to you'.
א֤וֹדֶהI will praiseHiphil impf 1cs · יָדָה (H3034)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalיָדָה (H3034) 'I will praise'.
שִּׁמְךָ֖your nameN c · שֵׁם (H8034)Construct chain (genitival)שֵׁם (H8034) 'your name'.
יְהוָ֣הYHWHN · יְהוָה (H3068)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוָה (H3068) 'YHWH'.
כִּיforconj וְ · כִּי (H3588)Particle or relational elementכִּי (H3588) 'for'.
טֽוֹבgoodAdj · טוֹב (H2896)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)טוֹב (H2896) 'good'.
9
כִּ֣י מִכָּל צָ֭רָה הִצִּילָ֑נִי וּ֝בְאֹיְבַ֗י רָאֲתָ֥ה עֵינִֽי
For from all and troubles Deliver me your enemies she saw the eyes of.
kî-clause (causal, recitative, or evidential). Qatal — perfective or stative predication. Lead predicate is 'Deliver me'. Closes the chapter.
Word-by-word analysis· 7 words
כִּ֣יforconj וְ · כִּי (H3588)Particle or relational elementכִּי (H3588) 'for'.
מִכָּלfrom allprep + N com m sg constr · כֹּל (H3605)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)כֹּל (H3605) 'from all'.
צָ֭רָהand troublesN c · צָרָה (H6869)Construct chain (genitival)צָרָה (H6869) 'and troubles'.
הִצִּילָ֑נִיDeliver meHiphil perf 3ms + sfx 1cs · נָצַל (H5337)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actנָצַל (H5337) 'Deliver me'.
וּ֝בְאֹיְבַ֗יyour enemiesconj וְ + prep + Qal ptc mp + sfx 1cs · אֹיֵב (H341)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorאֹיֵב (H341) 'your enemies'.
רָאֲתָ֥הshe sawQal perf 3fs · רָאָה (H7200)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actרָאָה (H7200) 'she saw'.
עֵינִֽיthe eyes ofN c · עַיִן (H5869)Construct chain (genitival)עַיִן (H5869) 'the eyes of'.