Hebrew Text · Translation · Interlinear · Discourse Structure

The Book of Psalms, Chapter 37תהלים 37

Each verse opens with the running Hebrew, an English translation, and a discourse note (its connective, relation, and role in the argument). Below follows the word-by-word breakdown in six tiers: gloss, case/state or parsing, syntax, semantic force, and a lexical note.

Case Nominative Genitive Dative Accusative Vocative Verb (no case) Indeclinable

Discourse notes head each verse: relation · connective · clause-flow. Indentation marks prominence — flush-left = main line of argument; indented = supporting / subordinate material.

Theme

Psalms 37 (40 verses in the MT) opens: [ of David.] Fret not thyself because of evildoers, neither be you envious against the workers of iniquity. The middle of the chapter continues: The wicked borroweth, and payeth not again: but the righteous sheweth mercy, and giveth. It closes: And YHWH shall help them, and deliver them: he shall deliver them from the wicked, and save them, because they trust in him.

Translation & textual notes

The Hebrew base text here follows the Masoretic Text in the Leningrad tradition as represented by the Westminster Leningrad Codex / MorphHB diplomatic stream imported from OSHB; distinctively copyrighted apparatus from BHS or BHQ is not reproduced. Psalms 37 comprises 40 verses in MT order. Movement I (vv. 1-8) — [ of David. [ of David.] Fret not thyself because of evildoers, neither be you envious against the workers of iniquity. For they shall soon be cut down like the grass, and wither as the green herb. Trust in YHWH, and do good; shall you dwell in the land, and verily you shall be fed. Delight thyself also in YHWH; and he shall give you the desires of your heart. Commit. Movement II (vv. 9-16) — For evildoers shall be cut off: but those that wait upon YHWH, they shal. For evildoers shall be cut off: but those that wait upon YHWH, they shall inherit the earth. For yet a little while, and the wicked not : yea, you shall diligently consider his place, and it not . But the meek shall inherit the earth; and shall delight themselves in the abundance of peace. The wicked plotteth against the just, and gnasheth upon him with his. Movement III (vv. 17-24) — For the arms of the wicked shall be broken: but YHWH upholdeth the right. For the arms of the wicked shall be broken: but YHWH upholdeth the righteous. YHWH knoweth the days of the upright: and their inheritance shall be for ever. They shall not be ashamed in the evil time: and in the days of famine they shall be satisfied. But the wicked shall perish, and the enemies of YHWH as the fat of lambs: they shall consume; into smoke. Movement IV (vv. 25-32) — I have been young, and am old; yet have I not seen the righteous forsake. I have been young, and am old; yet have I not seen the righteous forsaken, nor his seed begging bread. ever merciful, and lendeth; and his seed blessed. Depart from evil, and do good; and dwell for evermore. For YHWH loveth judgment, and forsaketh not his saints; they are preserved for ever: but the seed of the wicked shall be cut off. The righteous shall. Movement V (vv. 33-40) — YHWH will not leave him in his hand, nor condemn him when he is judged. YHWH will not leave him in his hand, nor condemn him when he is judged. Wait on YHWH, and keep his way, and he shall exalt you to inherit the land: when the wicked are cut off, you shall see . I have seen the wicked in great power, and spreading himself like a green bay tree. Yet he passed away, and, lo, he not: yea, I sought him, but he could not be found.. Where English printed Bibles divide verses differently, this annotation follows MT versification throughout.

1

לְדָוִ֨ד אַל תִּתְחַ֥ר בַּמְּרֵעִ֑ים אַל תְּ֝קַנֵּ֗א בְּעֹשֵׂ֥י עַוְלָֽה

[ of David.] Fret not thyself because of evildoers, neither be you envious against the workers of iniquity.

Jussive — volitionalasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Jussive — volitional. Lead predicate is 'and it burned'. Opens the chapter.
Word-by-word analysis· 8 words
לְדָוִ֨דtoprep + N proper · דָּוִד (H1732)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)דָּוִד (H1732) 'to'.
אַלdo notneg. · אַל (H408)Particle or relational elementאַל (H408) 'do not'.
תִּתְחַ֥רand it burnedHithpael jussive 2ms · חָרָה (H2734)Predicate verb (jussive)→ Jussive: volitionalחָרָה (H2734) 'and it burned'.
בַּמְּרֵעִ֑יםand it was displeasingprep + art + Hiphil ptc mp · רָעַע (H7489)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorרָעַע (H7489) 'and it was displeasing'.
אַלdo notneg. · אַל (H408)Particle or relational elementאַל (H408) 'do not'.
תְּ֝קַנֵּ֗אand he is jealous ofPiel jussive 2ms · קָנָא (H7065)Predicate verb (jussive)→ Jussive: volitionalקָנָא (H7065) 'and he is jealous of'.
בְּעֹשֵׂ֥יamong those who didprep + Qal ptc mp · עָשָׂה (H6213)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorעָשָׂה (H6213) 'among those who did'.
עַוְלָֽהinjusticeN c · עָוֶל (H5766)Construct chain (genitival)עָוֶל (H5766) 'injustice'.
2

כִּ֣י כֶ֭חָצִיר מְהֵרָ֣ה יִמָּ֑לוּ וּכְיֶ֥רֶק דֶּ֝֗שֶׁא יִבּוֹלֽוּן

For they shall soon be cut down like the grass, and wither as the green herb.

Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented
kî-clause (causal, recitative, or evidential). Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'you shall circumcise'.
Word-by-word analysis· 7 words
כִּ֣יforconj וְ · כִּי (H3588)Particle or relational elementכִּי (H3588) 'for'.
כֶ֭חָצִירthe leeksprep + art + N com m sg abs · חָצִיר (H2682)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)חָצִיר (H2682) 'the leeks'.
מְהֵרָ֣הquicklyN c · מְהֵרָה (H4120)Construct chain (genitival)מְהֵרָה (H4120) 'quickly'.
יִמָּ֑לוּyou shall circumciseQal impf 3mp · נָמַל (H5243)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalנָמַל (H5243) 'you shall circumcise'.
וּכְיֶ֥רֶקgreeneryconj וְ + prep + N com m sg constr · יֶרֶק (H3418)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יֶרֶק (H3418) 'greenery'.
דֶּ֝֗שֶׁאvegetationN c · דֶּשֶׁא (H1877)Construct chain (genitival)דֶּשֶׁא (H1877) 'vegetation'.
יִבּוֹלֽוּןand he scornedQal impf 3mp + Sn · נָבַל (H5034)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalנָבַל (H5034) 'and he scorned'.
3

בְּטַ֣ח בַּֽ֭יהוָה וַעֲשֵׂה ט֑וֹב שְׁכָן אֶ֝֗רֶץ וּרְעֵ֥ה אֱמוּנָֽה

Trust in YHWH, and do good; shall you dwell in the land, and verily you shall be fed.

Imperative — volitional addressasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Imperative — volitional address. Lead predicate is 'trusting'.
Word-by-word analysis· 8 words
בְּטַ֣חtrustingQal impv 2ms · בָּטַח (H982)Predicate verb (imperative)→ Volitional: imperativeבָּטַח (H982) 'trusting'.
בַּֽ֭יהוָהagainst YHWHprep + N proper · יְהוָה (H3068)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוָה (H3068) 'against YHWH'.
וַעֲשֵׂהand makeconj וְ + Qal impv 2ms · עָשָׂה (H6213)Predicate verb (imperative)→ Volitional: imperativeעָשָׂה (H6213) 'and make'.
ט֑וֹבgoodAdj · טוֹב (H2896)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)טוֹב (H2896) 'good'.
שְׁכָןdwellQal impv 2ms · שָׁכַן (H7931)Predicate verb (imperative)→ Volitional: imperativeשָׁכַן (H7931) 'dwell'.
אֶ֝֗רֶץthe land ofN c · אֶרֶץ (H776)Construct chain (genitival)אֶרֶץ (H776) 'the land of'.
וּרְעֵ֥הshepherdingconj וְ + Qal impv 2ms · רָעָה (H7462)Predicate verb (imperative)→ Volitional: imperativeרָעָה (H7462) 'shepherding'.
אֱמוּנָֽהfaithfulnessN c · אֱמוּנָה (H530)Construct chain (genitival)אֱמוּנָה (H530) 'faithfulness'.
4

וְהִתְעַנַּ֥ג עַל יְהוָ֑ה וְיִֽתֶּן לְ֝ךָ֗ מִשְׁאֲלֹ֥ת לִבֶּֽךָ

Delight thyself also in YHWH; and he shall give you the desires of your heart.

Imperative — volitional address
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Imperative — volitional address. Lead predicate is 'from delicateness'.
Word-by-word analysis· 7 words
וְהִתְעַנַּ֥גfrom delicatenessconj וְ + Hithpael impv 2ms · עָנַג (H6026)Predicate verb (imperative)→ Volitional: imperativeעָנַג (H6026) 'from delicateness'.
עַלonprep · עַל (H5921)Particle or relational elementעַל (H5921) 'on'.
יְהוָ֑הYHWHN · יְהוָה (H3068)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוָה (H3068) 'YHWH'.
וְיִֽתֶּןand he gaveconj וְ + Qal impf 3ms · נָתַן (H5414)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalנָתַן (H5414) 'and he gave'.
לְ֝ךָ֗to youprep + sfx 2msParticle or relational elementFunction word: 'to you'.
מִשְׁאֲלֹ֥תdesireN c · מִשְׁאָלָה (H4862)Construct chain (genitival)מִשְׁאָלָה (H4862) 'desire'.
לִבֶּֽךָyour heartN c · לֵב (H3820)Construct chain (genitival)לֵב (H3820) 'your heart'.
5

גּ֣וֹל עַל יְהוָ֣ה דַּרְכֶּ֑ךָ וּבְטַ֥ח עָ֝לָ֗יו וְה֣וּא יַעֲשֶֽׂה

Commit your way to YHWH; trust also in him; and he shall bring to pass.

Imperative — volitional addressasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Imperative — volitional address. Lead predicate is 'roll'.
Word-by-word analysis· 8 words
גּ֣וֹלrollQal impv 2ms · גָּלַל (H1556)Predicate verb (imperative)→ Volitional: imperativeגָּלַל (H1556) 'roll'.
עַלonprep · עַל (H5921)Particle or relational elementעַל (H5921) 'on'.
יְהוָ֣הYHWHN · יְהוָה (H3068)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוָה (H3068) 'YHWH'.
דַּרְכֶּ֑ךָyour wayN c · דֶּרֶךְ (H1870)Construct chain (genitival)דֶּרֶךְ (H1870) 'your way'.
וּבְטַ֥חtrustingconj וְ + Qal impv 2ms · בָּטַח (H982)Predicate verb (imperative)→ Volitional: imperativeבָּטַח (H982) 'trusting'.
עָ֝לָ֗יוon itprep + sfx 3ms · עַל (H5921)Particle or relational elementעַל (H5921) 'on it'.
וְה֣וּאand heconj וְ + pron 3ms · הִיא (H1931)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)הִיא (H1931) 'and he'.
יַעֲשֶֽׂהhe shall doQal impf 3ms · עָשָׂה (H6213)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalעָשָׂה (H6213) 'he shall do'.
6

וְהוֹצִ֣יא כָא֣וֹר צִדְקֶ֑ךָ וּ֝מִשְׁפָּטֶ֗ךָ כַּֽצָּהֳרָֽיִם

And he shall bring forth your righteousness as the light, and your judgment as the noonday.

Qatal — perfective or stative predication
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Qatal — perfective or stative predication. Lead predicate is 'and he shall bring out'.
Word-by-word analysis· 5 words
וְהוֹצִ֣יאand he shall bring outconj וְ + Hiphil perf 3ms · יָצָא (H3318)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actיָצָא (H3318) 'and he shall bring out'.
כָא֣וֹרlightprep + art + N com c sg abs · אוֹר (H216)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אוֹר (H216) 'light'.
צִדְקֶ֑ךָjustN c · צֶדֶק (H6664)Construct chain (genitival)צֶדֶק (H6664) 'just'.
וּ֝מִשְׁפָּטֶ֗ךָjudgmentconj וְ + N com m sg constr + sfx 2ms · מִשְׁפָּט (H4941)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מִשְׁפָּט (H4941) 'judgment'.
כַּֽצָּהֳרָֽיִםat noonprep + art + N com m pl abs · צָהֳרַיִם (H6672)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)צָהֳרַיִם (H6672) 'at noon'.
7

דּ֤וֹם לַיהוָה֮ וְהִתְח֪וֹלֵ֫ל ל֥וֹ אַל תִּ֭תְחַר בְּמַצְלִ֣יחַ דַּרְכּ֑וֹ בְּ֝אִ֗ישׁ עֹשֶׂ֥ה מְזִמּֽוֹת

Rest in YHWH, and wait patiently for him: fret not thyself because of him who prospereth in his way, because of the man who bringeth wicked devices to pass.

Imperative — volitional addressasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Imperative — volitional address. Lead predicate is 'be still'.
Word-by-word analysis· 11 words
דּ֤וֹםbe stillQal impv 2ms · דָּמַם (H1826)Predicate verb (imperative)→ Volitional: imperativeדָּמַם (H1826) 'be still'.
לַיהוָה֮to YHWHprep + N proper · יְהוָה (H3068)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוָה (H3068) 'to YHWH'.
וְהִתְח֪וֹלֵ֫לand be in anguishconj וְ + Hithpolel impv 2ms · חוּל (H2342)Predicate verb (imperative)→ Volitional: imperativeחוּל (H2342) 'and be in anguish'.
ל֥וֹto himprep + sfx 3msParticle or relational elementFunction word: 'to him'.
אַלdo notneg. · אַל (H408)Particle or relational elementאַל (H408) 'do not'.
תִּ֭תְחַרand it burnedHithpael jussive 2ms · חָרָה (H2734)Predicate verb (jussive)→ Jussive: volitionalחָרָה (H2734) 'and it burned'.
בְּמַצְלִ֣יחַmakes prosperprep + Hiphil ptc ms · צָלַח (H6743)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorצָלַח (H6743) 'makes prosper'.
דַּרְכּ֑וֹhis journeyN c · דֶּרֶךְ (H1870)Construct chain (genitival)דֶּרֶךְ (H1870) 'his journey'.
בְּ֝אִ֗ישׁagainst the manprep + N com m sg abs · אִישׁ (H376)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אִישׁ (H376) 'against the man'.
עֹשֶׂ֥הhe didQal ptc ms · עָשָׂה (H6213)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorעָשָׂה (H6213) 'he did'.
מְזִמּֽוֹת(wicked) deviceN c · מְזִמָּה (H4209)Construct chain (genitival)מְזִמָּה (H4209) '(wicked) device'.
8

הֶ֣רֶף מֵ֭אַף וַעֲזֹ֣ב חֵמָ֑ה אַל תִּ֝תְחַ֗ר אַךְ לְהָרֵֽעַ

Cease from anger, and forsake wrath: fret not thyself in any wise to do evil.

Imperative — volitional addressasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Imperative — volitional address. Lead predicate is 'Let alone'.
Word-by-word analysis· 8 words
הֶ֣רֶףLet aloneHiphil impv 2ms · רָפָה (H7503)Predicate verb (imperative)→ Volitional: imperativeרָפָה (H7503) 'Let alone'.
מֵ֭אַףthe anger ofprep + N com m sg abs · אַף (H639)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אַף (H639) 'the anger of'.
וַעֲזֹ֣בand if he should leaveconj וְ + Qal impv 2ms · עָזַב (H5800)Predicate verb (imperative)→ Volitional: imperativeעָזַב (H5800) 'and if he should leave'.
חֵמָ֑הwrathN c · חֵמָה (H2534)Construct chain (genitival)חֵמָה (H2534) 'wrath'.
אַלdo notneg. · אַל (H408)Particle or relational elementאַל (H408) 'do not'.
תִּ֝תְחַ֗רand it burnedHithpael jussive 2ms · חָרָה (H2734)Predicate verb (jussive)→ Jussive: volitionalחָרָה (H2734) 'and it burned'.
אַךְonlyparticle · אַךְ (H389)Particle or relational elementאַךְ (H389) 'only'.
לְהָרֵֽעַto harmprep + Hiphil inf constr · רָעַע (H7489)Infinitive construct→ Infinitive construct: purpose, result, or complementרָעַע (H7489) 'to harm'.
9

כִּֽי מְ֭רֵעִים יִכָּרֵת֑וּן וְקֹוֵ֥י יְ֝הוָ֗ה הֵ֣מָּה יִֽירְשׁוּ אָֽרֶץ

For evildoers shall be cut off: but those that wait upon YHWH, they shall inherit the earth.

Participle — attendant circumstance or substantival actor
kî-clause (causal, recitative, or evidential). Participle — attendant circumstance or substantival actor. Lead predicate is 'and it was displeasing'.
Word-by-word analysis· 8 words
כִּֽיforconj וְ · כִּי (H3588)Particle or relational elementכִּי (H3588) 'for'.
מְ֭רֵעִיםand it was displeasingHiphil ptc mp · רָעַע (H7489)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorרָעַע (H7489) 'and it was displeasing'.
יִכָּרֵת֑וּןshall be cut offN · כָּרַת (H3772)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)כָּרַת (H3772) 'shall be cut off'.
וְקֹוֵ֥יlet be gatheredconj וְ + Qal ptc mp · קָוָה (H6960)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorקָוָה (H6960) 'let be gathered'.
יְ֝הוָ֗הYHWHN · יְהוָה (H3068)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוָה (H3068) 'YHWH'.
הֵ֣מָּהtheypron 3mp · הֵמָּה (H1992)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)הֵמָּה (H1992) 'they'.
יִֽירְשׁוּmay possessQal impf 3mp · יָרַשׁ (H3423)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalיָרַשׁ (H3423) 'may possess'.
אָֽרֶץthe land ofN c · אֶרֶץ (H776)Construct chain (genitival)אֶרֶץ (H776) 'the land of'.
10

וְע֣וֹד מְ֭עַט וְאֵ֣ין רָשָׁ֑ע וְהִתְבּוֹנַ֖נְתָּ עַל מְקוֹמ֣וֹ וְאֵינֶֽנּוּ

For yet a little while, and the wicked not : yea, you shall diligently consider his place, and it not .

Qatal — perfective or stative predication
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Qatal — perfective or stative predication. Lead predicate is 'discerning'.
Word-by-word analysis· 8 words
וְע֣וֹדand stillconj וְ + art · עוֹד (H5750)Particle or relational elementעוֹד (H5750) 'and still'.
מְ֭עַטa littleN c · מְעַט (H4592)Construct chain (genitival)מְעַט (H4592) 'a little'.
וְאֵ֣יןand there is noconj וְ + neg. · אַיִן (H369)Particle or relational elementאַיִן (H369) 'and there is no'.
רָשָׁ֑עthe wickedAdj · רָשָׁע (H7563)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)רָשָׁע (H7563) 'the wicked'.
וְהִתְבּוֹנַ֖נְתָּdiscerningconj וְ + Hithpolel perf 2ms · בִּין (H995)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actבִּין (H995) 'discerning'.
עַלonprep · עַל (H5921)Particle or relational elementעַל (H5921) 'on'.
מְקוֹמ֣וֹthe placeN c · מָקוֹם (H4725)Construct chain (genitival)מָקוֹם (H4725) 'the place'.
וְאֵינֶֽנּוּand he was notconj וְ + neg. + sfx 3ms · אַיִן (H369)Particle or relational elementאַיִן (H369) 'and he was not'.
11

וַעֲנָוִ֥ים יִֽירְשׁוּ אָ֑רֶץ וְ֝הִתְעַנְּג֗וּ עַל רֹ֥ב שָׁלֽוֹם

But the meek shall inherit the earth; and shall delight themselves in the abundance of peace.

Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'may possess'.
Word-by-word analysis· 7 words
וַעֲנָוִ֥יםhumble (ketiv)conj וְ + Adj · עָנָו/עָנִי (H6035)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עָנָו/עָנִי (H6035) 'humble (ketiv)'.
יִֽירְשׁוּmay possessQal impf 3mp · יָרַשׁ (H3423)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalיָרַשׁ (H3423) 'may possess'.
אָ֑רֶץthe land ofN c · אֶרֶץ (H776)Construct chain (genitival)אֶרֶץ (H776) 'the land of'.
וְ֝הִתְעַנְּג֗וּfrom delicatenessconj וְ + Hithpael q 3cp · עָנַג (H6026)Particle or relational elementעָנַג (H6026) 'from delicateness'.
עַלonprep · עַל (H5921)Particle or relational elementעַל (H5921) 'on'.
רֹ֥בthe abundance ofN c · רֹב (H7230)Construct chain (genitival)רֹב (H7230) 'the abundance of'.
שָׁלֽוֹםpeaceN c · שָׁלוֹם (H7965)Construct chain (genitival)שָׁלוֹם (H7965) 'peace'.
12

זֹמֵ֣ם רָ֭שָׁע לַצַּדִּ֑יק וְחֹרֵ֖ק עָלָ֣יו שִׁנָּֽיו

The wicked plotteth against the just, and gnasheth upon him with his teeth.

Participle — attendant circumstance or substantival actorasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Participle — attendant circumstance or substantival actor. Lead predicate is 'he schemed'.
Word-by-word analysis· 6 words
זֹמֵ֣םhe schemedQal ptc ms · זָמַם (H2161)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorזָמַם (H2161) 'he schemed'.
רָ֭שָׁעthe wickedAdj · רָשָׁע (H7563)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)רָשָׁע (H7563) 'the wicked'.
לַצַּדִּ֑יקrighteousprep + art + Adj · צַדִּיק (H6662)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)צַדִּיק (H6662) 'righteous'.
וְחֹרֵ֖קgnashconj וְ + Qal ptc ms · חָרַק (H2786)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorחָרַק (H2786) 'gnash'.
עָלָ֣יוon itprep + sfx 3ms · עַל (H5921)Particle or relational elementעַל (H5921) 'on it'.
שִׁנָּֽיוtoothN c · שֵׁן (H8127)Construct chain (genitival)שֵׁן (H8127) 'tooth'.
13

אֲדֹנָ֥י יִשְׂחַק ל֑וֹ כִּֽי רָ֝אָ֗ה כִּֽי יָבֹ֥א יוֹמֽוֹ

YHWH shall laugh at him: for he seeth that his day is coming.

Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-orientedasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented.
Word-by-word analysis· 8 words
אֲדֹנָ֥יmy LordN c · אֲדֹנָי (H136)Construct chain (genitival)אֲדֹנָי (H136) 'my Lord'.
יִשְׂחַקandQal impf 3ms · שָׂחַק (H7832)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalשָׂחַק (H7832) 'and'.
ל֑וֹto himprep + sfx 3msParticle or relational elementFunction word: 'to him'.
כִּֽיforconj וְ · כִּי (H3588)Particle or relational elementכִּי (H3588) 'for'.
רָ֝אָ֗הseeQal perf 3ms · רָאָה (H7200)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actרָאָה (H7200) 'see'.
כִּֽיforconj וְ · כִּי (H3588)Particle or relational elementכִּי (H3588) 'for'.
יָבֹ֥אshall enterQal impf 3ms · בּוֹא (H935)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalבּוֹא (H935) 'shall enter'.
יוֹמֽוֹhis dayN c · יוֹם (H3117)Construct chain (genitival)יוֹם (H3117) 'his day'.
14

חֶ֤רֶב פָּֽתְח֣וּ רְשָׁעִים֮ וְדָרְכ֪וּ קַ֫שְׁתָּ֥ם לְ֭הַפִּיל עָנִ֣י וְאֶבְי֑וֹן לִ֝טְב֗וֹחַ יִשְׁרֵי דָֽרֶךְ

The wicked have drawn out the sword, and have bent their bow, to cast down the poor and needy, to slay such as be of upright conversation.

Qatal — perfective or stative predicationasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Qatal — perfective or stative predication. Lead predicate is 'open'.
Word-by-word analysis· 11 words
חֶ֤רֶבthe swordN c · חֶרֶב (H2719)Construct chain (genitival)חֶרֶב (H2719) 'the sword'.
פָּֽתְח֣וּopenQal perf 3cp · פָּתַח (H6605)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actפָּתַח (H6605) 'open'.
רְשָׁעִים֮the wickedAdj · רָשָׁע (H7563)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)רָשָׁע (H7563) 'the wicked'.
וְדָרְכ֪וּhe trodconj וְ + Qal perf 3cp · דָּרַךְ (H1869)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actדָּרַךְ (H1869) 'he trod'.
קַ֫שְׁתָּ֥םa bowN c · קֶשֶׁת (H7198)Construct chain (genitival)קֶשֶׁת (H7198) 'a bow'.
לְ֭הַפִּילand they fellprep + Hiphil inf constr · נָפַל (H5307)Infinitive construct→ Infinitive construct: purpose, result, or complementנָפַל (H5307) 'and they fell'.
עָנִ֣יpoorAdj · עָנִי (H6041)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עָנִי (H6041) 'poor'.
וְאֶבְי֑וֹןand needyconj וְ + Adj · אֶבְיוֹן (H34)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֶבְיוֹן (H34) 'and needy'.
לִ֝טְב֗וֹחַslaughteredprep + Qal inf constr · טָבַח (H2873)Infinitive construct→ Infinitive construct: purpose, result, or complementטָבַח (H2873) 'slaughtered'.
יִשְׁרֵיrightAdj · יָשָׁר (H3477)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יָשָׁר (H3477) 'right'.
דָֽרֶךְthe way ofN c · דֶּרֶךְ (H1870)Construct chain (genitival)דֶּרֶךְ (H1870) 'the way of'.
15

חַ֭רְבָּם תָּב֣וֹא בְלִבָּ֑ם וְ֝קַשְּׁתוֹתָ֗ם תִּשָּׁבַֽרְנָה

Their sword shall enter into their own heart, and their bows shall be broken.

Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-orientedasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'you come'.
Word-by-word analysis· 5 words
חַ֭רְבָּםthe swordN c · חֶרֶב (H2719)Construct chain (genitival)חֶרֶב (H2719) 'the sword'.
תָּב֣וֹאyou comeQal impf 3fs · בּוֹא (H935)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalבּוֹא (H935) 'you come'.
בְלִבָּ֑םhis heartprep + N com m sg constr + sfx 3mp · לֵב (H3820)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)לֵב (H3820) 'his heart'.
וְ֝קַשְּׁתוֹתָ֗םa bowconj וְ + N com f pl constr + sfx 3mp · קֶשֶׁת (H7198)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)קֶשֶׁת (H7198) 'a bow'.
תִּשָּׁבַֽרְנָהyou shall breakN · שָׁבַר (H7665)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שָׁבַר (H7665) 'you shall break'.
16

טוֹב מְ֭עַט לַצַּדִּ֑יק מֵ֝הֲמ֗וֹן רְשָׁעִ֥ים רַבִּֽים

A little that a righteous man has better than the riches of many wicked.

Nominal or particle frameasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Nominal or particle frame.
Word-by-word analysis· 6 words
טוֹבgoodAdj · טוֹב (H2896)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)טוֹב (H2896) 'good'.
מְ֭עַטa littleN c · מְעַט (H4592)Construct chain (genitival)מְעַט (H4592) 'a little'.
לַצַּדִּ֑יקrighteousprep + art + Adj · צַדִּיק (H6662)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)צַדִּיק (H6662) 'righteous'.
מֵ֝הֲמ֗וֹןmultitude ofprep + N com m sg constr · הָמוֹן (H1995)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)הָמוֹן (H1995) 'multitude of'.
רְשָׁעִ֥יםthe wickedAdj · רָשָׁע (H7563)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)רָשָׁע (H7563) 'the wicked'.
רַבִּֽיםmanyAdj · רַב (H7227)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)רַב (H7227) 'many'.
17

כִּ֤י זְרוֹע֣וֹת רְ֭שָׁעִים תִּשָּׁבַ֑רְנָה וְסוֹמֵ֖ךְ צַדִּיקִ֣ים יְהוָֽה

For the arms of the wicked shall be broken: but YHWH upholdeth the righteous.

Participle — attendant circumstance or substantival actor
kî-clause (causal, recitative, or evidential). Participle — attendant circumstance or substantival actor. Lead predicate is 'and he shall lay'.
Word-by-word analysis· 7 words
כִּ֤יforconj וְ · כִּי (H3588)Particle or relational elementכִּי (H3588) 'for'.
זְרוֹע֣וֹתthe shoulderN c · זְרוֹעַ (H2220)Construct chain (genitival)זְרוֹעַ (H2220) 'the shoulder'.
רְ֭שָׁעִיםthe wickedAdj · רָשָׁע (H7563)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)רָשָׁע (H7563) 'the wicked'.
תִּשָּׁבַ֑רְנָהyou shall breakN · שָׁבַר (H7665)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שָׁבַר (H7665) 'you shall break'.
וְסוֹמֵ֖ךְand he shall layconj וְ + Qal ptc ms · סָמַךְ (H5564)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorסָמַךְ (H5564) 'and he shall lay'.
צַדִּיקִ֣יםthe righteousAdj · צַדִּיק (H6662)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)צַדִּיק (H6662) 'the righteous'.
יְהוָֽהYHWHN · יְהוָה (H3068)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוָה (H3068) 'YHWH'.
18

יוֹדֵ֣עַ יְ֭הוָה יְמֵ֣י תְמִימִ֑ם וְ֝נַחֲלָתָ֗ם לְעוֹלָ֥ם תִּהְיֶֽה

YHWH knoweth the days of the upright: and their inheritance shall be for ever.

Participle — attendant circumstance or substantival actorasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Participle — attendant circumstance or substantival actor. Lead predicate is 'shall it be known'.
Word-by-word analysis· 7 words
יוֹדֵ֣עַshall it be knownQal ptc ms · יָדַע (H3045)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorיָדַע (H3045) 'shall it be known'.
יְ֭הוָהYHWHN · יְהוָה (H3068)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוָה (H3068) 'YHWH'.
יְמֵ֣יthe days ofN c · יוֹם (H3117)Construct chain (genitival)יוֹם (H3117) 'the days of'.
תְמִימִ֑םunblemishedAdj · תָּמִים (H8549)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)תָּמִים (H8549) 'unblemished'.
וְ֝נַחֲלָתָ֗םas an inheritanceconj וְ + N com f sg constr + sfx 3mp · נַחֲלָה (H5159)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)נַחֲלָה (H5159) 'as an inheritance'.
לְעוֹלָ֥םforeverprep + N com m sg abs · עוֹלָם (H5769)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עוֹלָם (H5769) 'forever'.
תִּהְיֶֽהshall beQal impf 3fs · הָיָה (H1961)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalהָיָה (H1961) 'shall be'.
19

לֹֽא יֵ֭בֹשׁוּ בְּעֵ֣ת רָעָ֑ה וּבִימֵ֖י רְעָב֣וֹן יִשְׂבָּֽעוּ

They shall not be ashamed in the evil time: and in the days of famine they shall be satisfied.

Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-orientedasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'were ashamed'.
Word-by-word analysis· 7 words
לֹֽאnotneg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'not'.
יֵ֭בֹשׁוּwere ashamedQal impf 3mp · בּוּשׁ (H954)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalבּוּשׁ (H954) 'were ashamed'.
בְּעֵ֣תat the timeprep + N com c sg constr · עֵת (H6256)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עֵת (H6256) 'at the time'.
רָעָ֑הevilN c · רַע (H7451)Construct chain (genitival)רַע (H7451) 'evil'.
וּבִימֵ֖יon the dayconj וְ + prep + N com m pl constr · יוֹם (H3117)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יוֹם (H3117) 'on the day'.
רְעָב֣וֹןfamine ofN c · רַעֲבוֹן (H7459)Construct chain (genitival)רַעֲבוֹן (H7459) 'famine of'.
יִשְׂבָּֽעוּand be satisfiedQal impf 3mp · שָׂבַע (H7646)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalשָׂבַע (H7646) 'and be satisfied'.
20

כִּ֤י רְשָׁעִ֨ים יֹאבֵ֗דוּ וְאֹיְבֵ֣י יְ֭הוָה כִּיקַ֣ר כָּרִ֑ים כָּל֖וּ בֶעָשָׁ֣ן כָּֽלוּ

But the wicked shall perish, and the enemies of YHWH as the fat of lambs: they shall consume; into smoke shall they consume away.

Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented
kî-clause (causal, recitative, or evidential). Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'may they perish'.
Word-by-word analysis· 10 words
כִּ֤יforconj וְ · כִּי (H3588)Particle or relational elementכִּי (H3588) 'for'.
רְשָׁעִ֨יםthe wickedAdj · רָשָׁע (H7563)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)רָשָׁע (H7563) 'the wicked'.
יֹאבֵ֗דוּmay they perishQal impf 3mp · אָבַד (H6)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalאָבַד (H6) 'may they perish'.
וְאֹיְבֵ֣יyour enemiesconj וְ + Qal ptc mp · אֹיֵב (H341)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorאֹיֵב (H341) 'your enemies'.
יְ֭הוָהYHWHN · יְהוָה (H3068)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוָה (H3068) 'YHWH'.
כִּיקַ֣רbrightnessprep + Adj · יָקָר (H3368)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יָקָר (H3368) 'brightness'.
כָּרִ֑יםlambsN c · כַּר (H3733)Construct chain (genitival)כַּר (H3733) 'lambs'.
כָּל֖וּfinish!Qal perf 3cp · כָּלָה (H3615)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actכָּלָה (H3615) 'finish!'.
בֶעָשָׁ֣ןsmoke ofprep + art + N com m sg abs · עָשָׁן (H6227)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עָשָׁן (H6227) 'smoke of'.
כָּֽלוּfinish!Qal perf 3cp · כָּלָה (H3615)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actכָּלָה (H3615) 'finish!'.
21

לֹוֶ֣ה רָ֭שָׁע וְלֹ֣א יְשַׁלֵּ֑ם וְ֝צַדִּ֗יק חוֹנֵ֥ן וְנוֹתֵֽן

The wicked borroweth, and payeth not again: but the righteous sheweth mercy, and giveth.

Participle — attendant circumstance or substantival actor
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Participle — attendant circumstance or substantival actor. Lead predicate is 'and you will lend'.
Word-by-word analysis· 7 words
לֹוֶ֣הand you will lendQal ptc ms · לָוָה (H3867)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorלָוָה (H3867) 'and you will lend'.
רָ֭שָׁעthe wickedAdj · רָשָׁע (H7563)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)רָשָׁע (H7563) 'the wicked'.
וְלֹ֣אand notconj וְ + neg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'and not'.
יְשַׁלֵּ֑םhe shall payPiel impf 3ms · שָׁלַם (H7999)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalשָׁלַם (H7999) 'he shall pay'.
וְ֝צַדִּ֗יקand the righteousconj וְ + Adj · צַדִּיק (H6662)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)צַדִּיק (H6662) 'and the righteous'.
חוֹנֵ֥ןpity meQal ptc ms · חָנַן (H2603)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorחָנַן (H2603) 'pity me'.
וְנוֹתֵֽןis givingconj וְ + Qal ptc ms · נָתַן (H5414)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorנָתַן (H5414) 'is giving'.
22

כִּ֣י מְ֭בֹרָכָיו יִ֣ירְשׁוּ אָ֑רֶץ וּ֝מְקֻלָּלָ֗יו יִכָּרֵֽתוּ

For blessed of him shall inherit the earth; and cursed of him shall be cut off.

Participle — attendant circumstance or substantival actor
kî-clause (causal, recitative, or evidential). Participle — attendant circumstance or substantival actor. Lead predicate is 'blessed'.
Word-by-word analysis· 6 words
כִּ֣יforconj וְ · כִּי (H3588)Particle or relational elementכִּי (H3588) 'for'.
מְ֭בֹרָכָיוblessedPual ptc mp + sfx 3ms · בֵּרַךְ (H1288)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorבֵּרַךְ (H1288) 'blessed'.
יִ֣ירְשׁוּmay possessQal impf 3mp · יָרַשׁ (H3423)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalיָרַשׁ (H3423) 'may possess'.
אָ֑רֶץthe land ofN c · אֶרֶץ (H776)Construct chain (genitival)אֶרֶץ (H776) 'the land of'.
וּ֝מְקֻלָּלָ֗יוto curseconj וְ + Pual ptc mp + sfx 3ms · קָלַל (H7043)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorקָלַל (H7043) 'to curse'.
יִכָּרֵֽתוּshall be cut offN · כָּרַת (H3772)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)כָּרַת (H3772) 'shall be cut off'.
23

מֵ֭יְהוָה מִֽצְעֲדֵי גֶ֥בֶר כּוֹנָ֗נוּ וְדַרְכּ֥וֹ יֶחְפָּֽץ

The steps of a man are ordered by YHWH: and he delighteth in his way.

Qatal — perfective or stative predicationasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Qatal — perfective or stative predication. Lead predicate is 'have established.'.
Word-by-word analysis· 6 words
מֵ֭יְהוָהfrom YHWHprep + N proper · יְהוָה (H3068)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוָה (H3068) 'from YHWH'.
מִֽצְעֲדֵיgoingN c · מִצְעָד (H4703)Construct chain (genitival)מִצְעָד (H4703) 'going'.
גֶ֥בֶרa manN c · גֶּבֶר (H1397)Construct chain (genitival)גֶּבֶר (H1397) 'a man'.
כּוֹנָ֗נוּhave established.Polal perf 3cp · כּוּן (H3559)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actכּוּן (H3559) 'have established.'.
וְדַרְכּ֥וֹon the wayconj וְ + N com c sg constr + sfx 3ms · דֶּרֶךְ (H1870)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)דֶּרֶךְ (H1870) 'on the way'.
יֶחְפָּֽץhe desiresQal impf 3ms · חָפֵץ (H2654)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalחָפֵץ (H2654) 'he desires'.
24

כִּֽי יִפֹּ֥ל לֹֽא יוּטָ֑ל כִּֽי יְ֝הוָ֗ה סוֹמֵ֥ךְ יָדֽוֹ

Though he fall, he shall not be utterly cast down: for YHWH upholdeth his hand.

Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented
kî-clause (causal, recitative, or evidential). Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'it falls'.
Word-by-word analysis· 8 words
כִּֽיforconj וְ · כִּי (H3588)Particle or relational elementכִּי (H3588) 'for'.
יִפֹּ֥לit fallsQal impf 3ms · נָפַל (H5307)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalנָפַל (H5307) 'it falls'.
לֹֽאnotneg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'not'.
יוּטָ֑לandHophal impf 3ms · טוּל (H2904)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalטוּל (H2904) 'and'.
כִּֽיforconj וְ · כִּי (H3588)Particle or relational elementכִּי (H3588) 'for'.
יְ֝הוָ֗הYHWHN · יְהוָה (H3068)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוָה (H3068) 'YHWH'.
סוֹמֵ֥ךְand he shall layQal ptc ms · סָמַךְ (H5564)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorסָמַךְ (H5564) 'and he shall lay'.
יָדֽוֹhis handN c · יָד (H3027)Construct chain (genitival)יָד (H3027) 'his hand'.
25

נַ֤עַר הָיִ֗יתִי גַּם זָ֫קַ֥נְתִּי וְֽלֹא רָ֭אִיתִי צַדִּ֣יק נֶעֱזָ֑ב וְ֝זַרְע֗וֹ מְבַקֶּשׁ לָֽחֶם

I have been young, and am old; yet have I not seen the righteous forsaken, nor his seed begging bread.

Qatal — perfective or stative predicationasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Qatal — perfective or stative predication. Lead predicate is 'I have been'.
Word-by-word analysis· 11 words
נַ֤עַרa boyN c · נַעַר (H5288)Construct chain (genitival)נַעַר (H5288) 'a boy'.
הָיִ֗יתִיI have beenQal perf 1cs · הָיָה (H1961)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actהָיָה (H1961) 'I have been'.
גַּםalsoparticle · גַּם (H1571)Particle or relational elementגַּם (H1571) 'also'.
זָ֫קַ֥נְתִּיhave grown oldQal perf 1cs · זָקֵן (H2204)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actזָקֵן (H2204) 'have grown old'.
וְֽלֹאand notconj וְ + neg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'and not'.
רָ֭אִיתִיI have seenQal perf 1cs · רָאָה (H7200)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actרָאָה (H7200) 'I have seen'.
צַדִּ֣יקrighteousAdj · צַדִּיק (H6662)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)צַדִּיק (H6662) 'righteous'.
נֶעֱזָ֑בyou forsakeN · עָזַב (H5800)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עָזַב (H5800) 'you forsake'.
וְ֝זַרְע֗וֹand his seedconj וְ + N com m sg constr + sfx 3ms · זֶרַע (H2233)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)זֶרַע (H2233) 'and his seed'.
מְבַקֶּשׁseekingPiel ptc ms · בִּקֵּשׁ (H1245)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorבִּקֵּשׁ (H1245) 'seeking'.
לָֽחֶםbreadN c · לֶחֶם (H3899)Construct chain (genitival)לֶחֶם (H3899) 'bread'.
26

כָּל הַ֭יּוֹם חוֹנֵ֣ן וּמַלְוֶ֑ה וְ֝זַרְע֗וֹ לִבְרָכָֽה

ever merciful, and lendeth; and his seed blessed.

Participle — attendant circumstance or substantival actorasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Participle — attendant circumstance or substantival actor. Lead predicate is 'pity me'.
Word-by-word analysis· 6 words
כָּלallN c · כֹּל (H3605)Construct chain (genitival)כֹּל (H3605) 'all'.
הַ֭יּוֹםtodayart + N com m sg abs · יוֹם (H3117)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יוֹם (H3117) 'today'.
חוֹנֵ֣ןpity meQal ptc ms · חָנַן (H2603)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorחָנַן (H2603) 'pity me'.
וּמַלְוֶ֑הand you will lendconj וְ + Hiphil ptc ms · לָוָה (H3867)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorלָוָה (H3867) 'and you will lend'.
וְ֝זַרְע֗וֹand his seedconj וְ + N com m sg constr + sfx 3ms · זֶרַע (H2233)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)זֶרַע (H2233) 'and his seed'.
לִבְרָכָֽהinto a blessingprep + N com f sg abs · בְּרָכָה (H1293)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)בְּרָכָה (H1293) 'into a blessing'.
27

ס֣וּר מֵ֭רָע וַעֲשֵׂה ט֗וֹב וּשְׁכֹ֥ן לְעוֹלָֽם

Depart from evil, and do good; and dwell for evermore.

Imperative — volitional addressasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Imperative — volitional address. Lead predicate is 'turn aside'.
Word-by-word analysis· 6 words
ס֣וּרturn asideQal impv 2ms · סוּר (H5493)Predicate verb (imperative)→ Volitional: imperativeסוּר (H5493) 'turn aside'.
מֵ֭רָעfrom evilprep + Adj · רַע (H7451)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)רַע (H7451) 'from evil'.
וַעֲשֵׂהand makeconj וְ + Qal impv 2ms · עָשָׂה (H6213)Predicate verb (imperative)→ Volitional: imperativeעָשָׂה (H6213) 'and make'.
ט֗וֹבgoodAdj · טוֹב (H2896)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)טוֹב (H2896) 'good'.
וּשְׁכֹ֥ןto make dwellconj וְ + Qal impv 2ms · שָׁכַן (H7931)Predicate verb (imperative)→ Volitional: imperativeשָׁכַן (H7931) 'to make dwell'.
לְעוֹלָֽםforeverprep + N com m sg abs · עוֹלָם (H5769)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עוֹלָם (H5769) 'forever'.
28

כִּ֤י יְהוָ֨ה אֹ֘הֵ֤ב מִשְׁפָּ֗ט וְלֹא יַעֲזֹ֣ב אֶת חֲ֭סִידָיו לְעוֹלָ֣ם נִשְׁמָ֑רוּ וְזֶ֖רַע רְשָׁעִ֣ים נִכְרָֽת

For YHWH loveth judgment, and forsaketh not his saints; they are preserved for ever: but the seed of the wicked shall be cut off.

Participle — attendant circumstance or substantival actor
kî-clause (causal, recitative, or evidential). Participle — attendant circumstance or substantival actor. Lead predicate is 'loved'.
Word-by-word analysis· 13 words
כִּ֤יforconj וְ · כִּי (H3588)Particle or relational elementכִּי (H3588) 'for'.
יְהוָ֨הYHWHN · יְהוָה (H3068)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוָה (H3068) 'YHWH'.
אֹ֘הֵ֤בlovedQal ptc ms · אָהַב (H157)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorאָהַב (H157) 'loved'.
מִשְׁפָּ֗טjudgmentN c · מִשְׁפָּט (H4941)Construct chain (genitival)מִשְׁפָּט (H4941) 'judgment'.
וְלֹאand notconj וְ + neg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'and not'.
יַעֲזֹ֣בleavesQal impf 3ms · עָזַב (H5800)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalעָזַב (H5800) 'leaves'.
אֶת(obj)obj marker · אֵת (H853)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H853) '(obj)'.
חֲ֭סִידָיוyour loyal oneAdj · חָסִיד (H2623)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)חָסִיד (H2623) 'your loyal one'.
לְעוֹלָ֣םforeverprep + N com m sg abs · עוֹלָם (H5769)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עוֹלָם (H5769) 'forever'.
נִשְׁמָ֑רוּand you shall keepN · שָׁמַר (H8104)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שָׁמַר (H8104) 'and you shall keep'.
וְזֶ֖רַעand offspringconj וְ + N com m sg constr · זֶרַע (H2233)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)זֶרַע (H2233) 'and offspring'.
רְשָׁעִ֣יםthe wickedAdj · רָשָׁע (H7563)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)רָשָׁע (H7563) 'the wicked'.
נִכְרָֽתshall be cut offN · כָּרַת (H3772)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)כָּרַת (H3772) 'shall be cut off'.
29

צַדִּיקִ֥ים יִֽירְשׁוּ אָ֑רֶץ וְיִשְׁכְּנ֖וּ לָעַ֣ד עָלֶֽיהָ

The righteous shall inherit the land, and dwell therein for ever.

Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-orientedasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'may possess'.
Word-by-word analysis· 6 words
צַדִּיקִ֥יםthe righteousAdj · צַדִּיק (H6662)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)צַדִּיק (H6662) 'the righteous'.
יִֽירְשׁוּmay possessQal impf 3mp · יָרַשׁ (H3423)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalיָרַשׁ (H3423) 'may possess'.
אָ֑רֶץthe land ofN c · אֶרֶץ (H776)Construct chain (genitival)אֶרֶץ (H776) 'the land of'.
וְיִשְׁכְּנ֖וּthey dweltconj וְ + Qal impf 3mp · שָׁכַן (H7931)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalשָׁכַן (H7931) 'they dwelt'.
לָעַ֣דforeverprep + N com m sg abs · עַד (H5703)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עַד (H5703) 'forever'.
עָלֶֽיהָon itprep + sfx 3fs · עַל (H5921)Particle or relational elementעַל (H5921) 'on it'.
30

פִּֽי צַ֭דִּיק יֶהְגֶּ֣ה חָכְמָ֑ה וּ֝לְשׁוֹנ֗וֹ תְּדַבֵּ֥ר מִשְׁפָּֽט

The mouth of the righteous speaketh wisdom, and his tongue talketh of judgment.

Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-orientedasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'but you shall meditate'.
Word-by-word analysis· 7 words
פִּֽיthe mouth ofN c · פֶּה (H6310)Construct chain (genitival)פֶּה (H6310) 'the mouth of'.
צַ֭דִּיקrighteousAdj · צַדִּיק (H6662)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)צַדִּיק (H6662) 'righteous'.
יֶהְגֶּ֣הbut you shall meditateQal impf 3ms · הָגָה (H1897)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalהָגָה (H1897) 'but you shall meditate'.
חָכְמָ֑הwisdomN c · חָכְמָה (H2451)Construct chain (genitival)חָכְמָה (H2451) 'wisdom'.
וּ֝לְשׁוֹנ֗וֹby their languagesconj וְ + N com c sg constr + sfx 3ms · לָשׁוֹן (H3956)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)לָשׁוֹן (H3956) 'by their languages'.
תְּדַבֵּ֥רyou shall speakPiel impf 3fs · דִּבֶּר (H1696)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalדִּבֶּר (H1696) 'you shall speak'.
מִשְׁפָּֽטjudgmentN c · מִשְׁפָּט (H4941)Construct chain (genitival)מִשְׁפָּט (H4941) 'judgment'.
31

תּוֹרַ֣ת אֱלֹהָ֣יו בְּלִבּ֑וֹ לֹ֖א תִמְעַ֣ד אֲשֻׁרָיו

The law of his God in his heart; none of his steps shall slide.

Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-orientedasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'make to shake'.
Word-by-word analysis· 6 words
תּוֹרַ֣תthe torah ofN c · תּוֹרָה (H8451)Construct chain (genitival)תּוֹרָה (H8451) 'the torah of'.
אֱלֹהָ֣יוhis GodN c · אֱלֹהִים (H430)Construct chain (genitival)אֱלֹהִים (H430) 'his God'.
בְּלִבּ֑וֹin his heartprep + N com m sg constr + sfx 3ms · לֵב (H3820)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)לֵב (H3820) 'in his heart'.
לֹ֖אnotneg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'not'.
תִמְעַ֣דmake to shakeQal impf 3fs · מָעַד (H4571)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalמָעַד (H4571) 'make to shake'.
אֲשֻׁרָיוinN c · אָשֻׁר (H838)Construct chain (genitival)אָשֻׁר (H838) 'in'.
32

צוֹפֶ֣ה רָ֭שָׁע לַצַּדִּ֑יק וּ֝מְבַקֵּ֗שׁ לַהֲמִיתוֹ

The wicked watcheth the righteous, and seeketh to slay him.

Participle — attendant circumstance or substantival actorasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Participle — attendant circumstance or substantival actor. Lead predicate is 'may watch'.
Word-by-word analysis· 5 words
צוֹפֶ֣הmay watchQal ptc ms · צָפָה (H6822)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorצָפָה (H6822) 'may watch'.
רָ֭שָׁעthe wickedAdj · רָשָׁע (H7563)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)רָשָׁע (H7563) 'the wicked'.
לַצַּדִּ֑יקrighteousprep + art + Adj · צַדִּיק (H6662)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)צַדִּיק (H6662) 'righteous'.
וּ֝מְבַקֵּ֗שׁseekingconj וְ + Piel ptc ms · בִּקֵּשׁ (H1245)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorבִּקֵּשׁ (H1245) 'seeking'.
לַהֲמִיתוֹto put him to deathprep + Hiphil inf constr + sfx 3ms · מוּת (H4191)Infinitive construct→ Infinitive construct: purpose, result, or complementמוּת (H4191) 'to put him to death'.
33

יְ֭הוָה לֹא יַעַזְבֶ֣נּוּ בְיָד֑וֹ וְלֹ֥א יַ֝רְשִׁיעֶ֗נּוּ בְּהִשָּׁפְטֽוֹ

YHWH will not leave him in his hand, nor condemn him when he is judged.

Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-orientedasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'you forsake'.
Word-by-word analysis· 7 words
יְ֭הוָהYHWHN · יְהוָה (H3068)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוָה (H3068) 'YHWH'.
לֹאnotneg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'not'.
יַעַזְבֶ֣נּוּyou forsakeQal impf 3ms + sfx 3ms · עָזַב (H5800)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalעָזַב (H5800) 'you forsake'.
בְיָד֑וֹin his handprep + N com c sg constr + sfx 3ms · יָד (H3027)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יָד (H3027) 'in his hand'.
וְלֹ֥אand notconj וְ + neg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'and not'.
יַ֝רְשִׁיעֶ֗נּוּand they condemnHiphil impf 3ms + sfx 3ms · רָשַׁע (H7561)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalרָשַׁע (H7561) 'and they condemn'.
בְּהִשָּׁפְטֽוֹand judgeprep + Niphal inf constr + sfx 3ms · שָׁפַט (H8199)Infinitive construct→ Infinitive construct: purpose, result, or complementשָׁפַט (H8199) 'and judge'.
34

קַוֵּ֤ה אֶל יְהוָ֨ה וּשְׁמֹ֬ר דַּרְכּ֗וֹ וִֽ֭ירוֹמִמְךָ לָרֶ֣שֶׁת אָ֑רֶץ בְּהִכָּרֵ֖ת רְשָׁעִ֣ים תִּרְאֶֽה

Wait on YHWH, and keep his way, and he shall exalt you to inherit the land: when the wicked are cut off, you shall see .

Imperative — volitional addressasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Imperative — volitional address. Lead predicate is 'let be gathered'.
Word-by-word analysis· 11 words
קַוֵּ֤הlet be gatheredPiel impv 2ms · קָוָה (H6960)Predicate verb (imperative)→ Volitional: imperativeקָוָה (H6960) 'let be gathered'.
אֶלtoprep · אֶל (H413)Particle or relational elementאֶל (H413) 'to'.
יְהוָ֨הYHWHN · יְהוָה (H3068)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוָה (H3068) 'YHWH'.
וּשְׁמֹ֬רand guardconj וְ + Qal impv 2ms · שָׁמַר (H8104)Predicate verb (imperative)→ Volitional: imperativeשָׁמַר (H8104) 'and guard'.
דַּרְכּ֗וֹhis journeyN c · דֶּרֶךְ (H1870)Construct chain (genitival)דֶּרֶךְ (H1870) 'his journey'.
וִֽ֭ירוֹמִמְךָand tallconj וְ + Polel impf 3ms + sfx 2ms · רוּם (H7311)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalרוּם (H7311) 'and tall'.
לָרֶ֣שֶׁתto possessprep + Qal inf constr · יָרַשׁ (H3423)Infinitive construct→ Infinitive construct: purpose, result, or complementיָרַשׁ (H3423) 'to possess'.
אָ֑רֶץthe land ofN c · אֶרֶץ (H776)Construct chain (genitival)אֶרֶץ (H776) 'the land of'.
בְּהִכָּרֵ֖תshall be cut offprep + Niphal inf constr · כָּרַת (H3772)Infinitive construct→ Infinitive construct: purpose, result, or complementכָּרַת (H3772) 'shall be cut off'.
רְשָׁעִ֣יםthe wickedAdj · רָשָׁע (H7563)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)רָשָׁע (H7563) 'the wicked'.
תִּרְאֶֽהyou will seeQal impf 2ms · רָאָה (H7200)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalרָאָה (H7200) 'you will see'.
35

רָ֭אִיתִי רָשָׁ֣ע עָרִ֑יץ וּ֝מִתְעָרֶ֗ה כְּאֶזְרָ֥ח רַעֲנָֽן

I have seen the wicked in great power, and spreading himself like a green bay tree.

Qatal — perfective or stative predicationasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Qatal — perfective or stative predication. Lead predicate is 'I have seen'.
Word-by-word analysis· 6 words
רָ֭אִיתִיI have seenQal perf 1cs · רָאָה (H7200)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actרָאָה (H7200) 'I have seen'.
רָשָׁ֣עthe wickedAdj · רָשָׁע (H7563)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)רָשָׁע (H7563) 'the wicked'.
עָרִ֑יץmightyAdj · עָרִיץ (H6184)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עָרִיץ (H6184) 'mighty'.
וּ֝מִתְעָרֶ֗הhe has laid bareconj וְ + Hithpael ptc ms · עָרָה (H6168)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorעָרָה (H6168) 'he has laid bare'.
כְּאֶזְרָ֥חlike a native ofprep + N com m sg abs · אֶזְרָח (H249)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֶזְרָח (H249) 'like a native of'.
רַעֲנָֽןgreen/luxuriantAdj · רַעֲנָן (H7488)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)רַעֲנָן (H7488) 'green/luxuriant'.
36

וַ֭יַּֽעֲבֹר וְהִנֵּ֣ה אֵינֶ֑נּוּ וָֽ֝אֲבַקְשֵׁ֗הוּ וְלֹ֣א נִמְצָֽא

Yet he passed away, and, lo, he not: yea, I sought him, but he could not be found.

Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action. Lead predicate is 'and he passed on'.
Word-by-word analysis· 6 words
וַ֭יַּֽעֲבֹרand he passed onconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · עָבַר (H5674)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceעָבַר (H5674) 'and he passed on'.
וְהִנֵּ֣הand beholdconj וְ + adv. · הִנֵּה (H2009)Particle or relational elementהִנֵּה (H2009) 'and behold'.
אֵינֶ֑נּוּis notneg. + sfx 3ms · אַיִן (H369)Particle or relational elementאַיִן (H369) 'is not'.
וָֽ֝אֲבַקְשֵׁ֗הוּseekingconj וְ + Piel wayyiqtol 1cs + sfx 3ms · בִּקֵּשׁ (H1245)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceבִּקֵּשׁ (H1245) 'seeking'.
וְלֹ֣אand notconj וְ + neg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'and not'.
נִמְצָֽאwas foundN · מָצָא (H4672)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מָצָא (H4672) 'was found'.
37

שְׁמָר תָּ֭ם וּרְאֵ֣ה יָשָׁ֑ר כִּֽי אַחֲרִ֖ית לְאִ֣ישׁ שָׁלֽוֹם

Mark the perfect , and behold the upright: for the end of man peace.

Imperative — volitional addressasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Imperative — volitional address. Lead predicate is 'keep'.
Word-by-word analysis· 8 words
שְׁמָרkeepQal impv 2ms · שָׁמַר (H8104)Predicate verb (imperative)→ Volitional: imperativeשָׁמַר (H8104) 'keep'.
תָּ֭םblamelessAdj · תָּמִים (H8535)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)תָּמִים (H8535) 'blameless'.
וּרְאֵ֣הshall examineconj וְ + Qal impv 2ms · רָאָה (H7200)Predicate verb (imperative)→ Volitional: imperativeרָאָה (H7200) 'shall examine'.
יָשָׁ֑רrightAdj · יָשָׁר (H3477)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יָשָׁר (H3477) 'right'.
כִּֽיforconj וְ · כִּי (H3588)Particle or relational elementכִּי (H3588) 'for'.
אַחֲרִ֖יתthe end ofN c · אַחֲרִית (H319)Construct chain (genitival)אַחֲרִית (H319) 'the end of'.
לְאִ֣ישׁto a manprep + N com m sg constr · אִישׁ (H376)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אִישׁ (H376) 'to a man'.
שָׁלֽוֹםpeaceN c · שָׁלוֹם (H7965)Construct chain (genitival)שָׁלוֹם (H7965) 'peace'.
38

וּֽ֭פֹשְׁעִים נִשְׁמְד֣וּ יַחְדָּ֑ו אַחֲרִ֖ית רְשָׁעִ֣ים נִכְרָֽתָה

But the transgressors shall be destroyed together: the end of the wicked shall be cut off.

Participle — attendant circumstance or substantival actor
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Participle — attendant circumstance or substantival actor.
Word-by-word analysis· 6 words
וּֽ֭פֹשְׁעִיםandconj וְ + Qal ptc mp · פָּשַׁע (H6586)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorפָּשַׁע (H6586) 'and'.
נִשְׁמְד֣וּyour being destroyedN · שָׁמַד (H8045)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שָׁמַד (H8045) 'your being destroyed'.
יַחְדָּ֑וtogetherart · יַחְדָּו (H3162)Particle or relational elementיַחְדָּו (H3162) 'together'.
אַחֲרִ֖יתthe end ofN c · אַחֲרִית (H319)Construct chain (genitival)אַחֲרִית (H319) 'the end of'.
רְשָׁעִ֣יםthe wickedAdj · רָשָׁע (H7563)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)רָשָׁע (H7563) 'the wicked'.
נִכְרָֽתָהlet us cutN · כָּרַת (H3772)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)כָּרַת (H3772) 'let us cut'.
39

וּתְשׁוּעַ֣ת צַ֭דִּיקִים מֵיְהוָ֑ה מָֽ֝עוּזָּ֗ם בְּעֵ֣ת צָרָֽה

But the salvation of the righteous of YHWH: their strength in the time of trouble.

Linked non-verbal clause
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Linked non-verbal clause.
Word-by-word analysis· 6 words
וּתְשׁוּעַ֣תdeliveranceconj וְ + N com f sg constr · תְּשׁוּעָה (H8668)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)תְּשׁוּעָה (H8668) 'deliverance'.
צַ֭דִּיקִיםthe righteousAdj · צַדִּיק (H6662)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)צַדִּיק (H6662) 'the righteous'.
מֵיְהוָ֑הfrom YHWHprep + N proper · יְהוָה (H3068)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוָה (H3068) 'from YHWH'.
מָֽ֝עוּזָּ֗םstrongholdN c · מָעוֹז (H4581)Construct chain (genitival)מָעוֹז (H4581) 'stronghold'.
בְּעֵ֣תat the timeprep + N com c sg constr · עֵת (H6256)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עֵת (H6256) 'at the time'.
צָרָֽהand troublesN c · צָרָה (H6869)Construct chain (genitival)צָרָה (H6869) 'and troubles'.
40

וַֽיַּעְזְרֵ֥ם יְהוָ֗ה וַֽיְפַ֫לְּטֵ֥ם יְפַלְּטֵ֣ם מֵ֭רְשָׁעִים וְיוֹשִׁיעֵ֑ם כִּי חָ֥סוּ בֽוֹ

And YHWH shall help them, and deliver them: he shall deliver them from the wicked, and save them, because they trust in him.

Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action. Lead predicate is 'and help you'. Closes the chapter.
Word-by-word analysis· 9 words
וַֽיַּעְזְרֵ֥םand help youconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms + sfx 3mp · עָזַר (H5826)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceעָזַר (H5826) 'and help you'.
יְהוָ֗הYHWHN · יְהוָה (H3068)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוָה (H3068) 'YHWH'.
וַֽיְפַ֫לְּטֵ֥םandconj וְ + Piel wayyiqtol 3ms + sfx 3mp · פָּלַט (H6403)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceפָּלַט (H6403) 'and'.
יְפַלְּטֵ֣םandPiel impf 3ms + sfx 3mp · פָּלַט (H6403)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalפָּלַט (H6403) 'and'.
מֵ֭רְשָׁעִיםthe wickedprep + Adj · רָשָׁע (H7563)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)רָשָׁע (H7563) 'the wicked'.
וְיוֹשִׁיעֵ֑םand he saved themconj וְ + Hiphil impf 3ms + sfx 3mp · יָשַׁע (H3467)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalיָשַׁע (H3467) 'and he saved them'.
כִּיforconj וְ · כִּי (H3588)Particle or relational elementכִּי (H3588) 'for'.
חָ֥סוּin which they took refugeQal perf 3cp · חָסָה (H2620)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actחָסָה (H2620) 'in which they took refuge'.
בֽוֹin itprep + sfx 3msParticle or relational elementFunction word: 'in it'.