1
לַמְנַצֵּ֬חַ לְעֶֽבֶד יְהוָ֬ה לְדָוִֽד
Excel his servants YHWH to.
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Participle — attendant circumstance or substantival actor. Lead predicate is 'excel'. Opens the chapter.
Word-by-word analysis· 4 words
לַמְנַצֵּ֬חַexcelprep + art + Piel ptc ms · נָצַח (H5329)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorנָצַח (H5329) 'excel'.
לְעֶֽבֶדhis servantsprep + N com m sg constr · עֶבֶד (H5650)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עֶבֶד (H5650) 'his servants'.
יְהוָ֬הYHWHN · יְהוָה (H3068)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוָה (H3068) 'YHWH'.
לְדָוִֽדtoprep + N proper · דָּוִד (H1732)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)דָּוִד (H1732) 'to'.
2
נְאֻֽם פֶּ֣שַׁע לָ֭רָשָׁע בְּקֶ֣רֶב לִבִּ֑י אֵֽין פַּ֥חַד אֱ֝לֹהִ֗ים לְנֶ֣גֶד עֵינָֽיו
Utterance of transgression/disputed claim to the wicked one in the midst of my heart there is not the dread of you God at a distance his eyes.
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Nominal or particle frame.
Word-by-word analysis· 10 words
נְאֻֽםutterance ofN c · נְאֻם (H5002)Construct chain (genitival)נְאֻם (H5002) 'utterance of'.
פֶּ֣שַׁעtransgression/disputed claimN c · פֶשַע (H6588)Construct chain (genitival)פֶשַע (H6588) 'transgression/disputed claim'.
לָ֭רָשָׁעto the wicked oneprep + art + Adj · רָשָׁע (H7563)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)רָשָׁע (H7563) 'to the wicked one'.
בְּקֶ֣רֶבin the midst ofprep + N com m sg constr · קֶרֶב (H7130)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)קֶרֶב (H7130) 'in the midst of'.
לִבִּ֑יmy heartN c · לֵב (H3820)Construct chain (genitival)לֵב (H3820) 'my heart'.
אֵֽיןthere is notneg. · אַיִן (H369)Particle or relational elementאַיִן (H369) 'there is not'.
פַּ֥חַדthe dread of youN c · פַּחַד (H6343)Construct chain (genitival)פַּחַד (H6343) 'the dread of you'.
אֱ֝לֹהִ֗יםGodN c · אֱלֹהִים (H430)Construct chain (genitival)אֱלֹהִים (H430) 'God'.
לְנֶ֣גֶדat a distanceprep + prep · נֶגֶד (H5048)Particle or relational elementנֶגֶד (H5048) 'at a distance'.
עֵינָֽיוhis eyesN c · עַיִן (H5869)Construct chain (genitival)עַיִן (H5869) 'his eyes'.
3
כִּֽי הֶחֱלִ֣יק אֵלָ֣יו בְּעֵינָ֑יו לִמְצֹ֖א עֲוֺנ֣וֹ לִשְׂנֹֽא
For shall be divided to him in his eyes to find his iniquity hating.
kî-clause (causal, recitative, or evidential). Qatal — perfective or stative predication. Lead predicate is 'shall be divided'.
Word-by-word analysis· 7 words
כִּֽיforconj וְ · כִּי (H3588)Particle or relational elementכִּי (H3588) 'for'.
הֶחֱלִ֣יקshall be dividedHiphil perf 3ms · חָלַק (H2505)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actחָלַק (H2505) 'shall be divided'.
אֵלָ֣יוto himprep + sfx 3ms · אֶל (H413)Particle or relational elementאֶל (H413) 'to him'.
בְּעֵינָ֑יוin his eyesprep + N com c du constr + sfx 3ms · עַיִן (H5869)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עַיִן (H5869) 'in his eyes'.
לִמְצֹ֖אto findprep + Qal inf constr · מָצָא (H4672)Infinitive construct→ Infinitive construct: purpose, result, or complementמָצָא (H4672) 'to find'.
עֲוֺנ֣וֹhis iniquityN c · עָוֹן (H5771)Construct chain (genitival)עָוֹן (H5771) 'his iniquity'.
לִשְׂנֹֽאhatingprep + Qal inf constr · שָׂנֵא (H8130)Infinitive construct→ Infinitive construct: purpose, result, or complementשָׂנֵא (H8130) 'hating'.
4
דִּבְרֵי פִ֭יו אָ֣וֶן וּמִרְמָ֑ה חָדַ֖ל לְהַשְׂכִּ֣יל לְהֵיטִֽיב
The words of his word iniquity with deceit had ceased to give insight to do good to.
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Qatal — perfective or stative predication. Lead predicate is 'had ceased'.
Word-by-word analysis· 7 words
דִּבְרֵיthe words ofN c · דָּבָר (H1697)Construct chain (genitival)דָּבָר (H1697) 'the words of'.
פִ֭יוhis wordN c · פֶּה (H6310)Construct chain (genitival)פֶּה (H6310) 'his word'.
אָ֣וֶןiniquityN c · אוֹן (H205)Construct chain (genitival)אוֹן (H205) 'iniquity'.
וּמִרְמָ֑הwith deceitconj וְ + N com f sg abs · מִרְמָה (H4820)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מִרְמָה (H4820) 'with deceit'.
חָדַ֖לhad ceasedQal perf 3ms · חָדַל (H2308)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actחָדַל (H2308) 'had ceased'.
לְהַשְׂכִּ֣ילto give insightprep + Hiphil inf constr · שָׂכַל (H7919)Infinitive construct→ Infinitive construct: purpose, result, or complementשָׂכַל (H7919) 'to give insight'.
לְהֵיטִֽיבto do good toprep + Hiphil inf constr · יָטַב (H3190)Infinitive construct→ Infinitive construct: purpose, result, or complementיָטַב (H3190) 'to do good to'.
5
אָ֤וֶן יַחְשֹׁ֗ב עַֽל מִשְׁכָּ֫ב֥וֹ יִ֭תְיַצֵּב עַל דֶּ֣רֶךְ לֹא ט֑וֹב רָ֝֗ע לֹ֣א יִמְאָֽס
Iniquity shall be reckoned on the bed shall stand on the way of not good bad not despise.
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'shall be reckoned'.
Word-by-word analysis· 12 words
אָ֤וֶןiniquityN c · אוֹן (H205)Construct chain (genitival)אוֹן (H205) 'iniquity'.
יַחְשֹׁ֗בshall be reckonedQal impf 3ms · חָשַׁב (H2803)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalחָשַׁב (H2803) 'shall be reckoned'.
עַֽלonprep · עַל (H5921)Particle or relational elementעַל (H5921) 'on'.
מִשְׁכָּ֫ב֥וֹthe bedN c · מִשְׁכָּב (H4904)Construct chain (genitival)מִשְׁכָּב (H4904) 'the bed'.
יִ֭תְיַצֵּבshall standHithpael impf 3ms · הִתְיַצֵּב (H3320)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalהִתְיַצֵּב (H3320) 'shall stand'.
עַלonprep · עַל (H5921)Particle or relational elementעַל (H5921) 'on'.
דֶּ֣רֶךְthe way ofN c · דֶּרֶךְ (H1870)Construct chain (genitival)דֶּרֶךְ (H1870) 'the way of'.
לֹאnotneg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'not'.
ט֑וֹבgoodAdj · טוֹב (H2896)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)טוֹב (H2896) 'good'.
רָ֝֗עbadAdj · רַע (H7451)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)רַע (H7451) 'bad'.
לֹ֣אnotneg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'not'.
יִמְאָֽסdespiseQal impf 3ms · מָאַס (H3988)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalמָאַס (H3988) 'despise'.
6
יְ֭הוָה בְּהַשָּׁמַ֣יִם חַסְדֶּ֑ךָ אֱ֝מֽוּנָתְךָ֗ עַד שְׁחָקִֽים
YHWH the heavens your steadfast love faithfulness until the clouds.
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Nominal or particle frame.
Word-by-word analysis· 6 words
יְ֭הוָהYHWHN · יְהוָה (H3068)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוָה (H3068) 'YHWH'.
בְּהַשָּׁמַ֣יִםthe heavensprep + art + N com m pl abs · שָׁמַיִם (H8064)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שָׁמַיִם (H8064) 'the heavens'.
חַסְדֶּ֑ךָyour steadfast loveN c · חֶסֶד (H2617)Construct chain (genitival)חֶסֶד (H2617) 'your steadfast love'.
אֱ֝מֽוּנָתְךָ֗faithfulnessN c · אֱמוּנָה (H530)Construct chain (genitival)אֱמוּנָה (H530) 'faithfulness'.
עַדuntilprep · עַד (H5704)Particle or relational elementעַד (H5704) 'until'.
שְׁחָקִֽיםthe cloudsN c · שַׁחַק (H7834)Construct chain (genitival)שַׁחַק (H7834) 'the clouds'.
7
צִדְקָֽתְךָ֨ כְּֽהַרְרֵי אֵ֗ל מִ֭שְׁפָּטֶךָ תְּה֣וֹם רַבָּ֑ה אָ֤דָֽם וּבְהֵמָ֖ה תוֹשִׁ֣יעַ יְהוָֽה
Righteousness the mountains of God judgment the deep great man or beast one to save YHWH.
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'one to save'.
Word-by-word analysis· 10 words
צִדְקָֽתְךָ֨righteousnessN c · צְדָקָה (H6666)Construct chain (genitival)צְדָקָה (H6666) 'righteousness'.
כְּֽהַרְרֵיthe mountains ofprep + N com m pl constr · הָרָר (H2042)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)הָרָר (H2042) 'the mountains of'.
אֵ֗לGodN c · אֵל (H410)Construct chain (genitival)אֵל (H410) 'God'.
מִ֭שְׁפָּטֶךָjudgmentN c · מִשְׁפָּט (H4941)Construct chain (genitival)מִשְׁפָּט (H4941) 'judgment'.
תְּה֣וֹםthe deepN c · תְּהוֹם (H8415)Construct chain (genitival)תְּהוֹם (H8415) 'the deep'.
רַבָּ֑הgreatAdj · רַב (H7227)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)רַב (H7227) 'great'.
אָ֤דָֽםmanN c · אָדָם (H120)Construct chain (genitival)אָדָם (H120) 'man'.
וּבְהֵמָ֖הor beastconj וְ + N com f sg abs · בְּהֵמָה (H929)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)בְּהֵמָה (H929) 'or beast'.
תוֹשִׁ֣יעַone to saveHiphil impf 2ms · יָשַׁע (H3467)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalיָשַׁע (H3467) 'one to save'.
יְהוָֽהYHWHN · יְהוָה (H3068)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוָה (H3068) 'YHWH'.
8
מַה יָּקָ֥ר חַסְדְּךָ֗ אֱלֹ֫הִ֥ים וּבְנֵ֥י אָדָ֑ם בְּצֵ֥ל כְּ֝נָפֶ֗יךָ יֶחֱסָיֽוּן
What brightness your steadfast love God and the sons of man in the shadow of the skirt of in which they took refuge.
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'in which they took refuge'.
Word-by-word analysis· 9 words
מַהwhatinterrog. · מָה (H4100)Particle or relational elementמָה (H4100) 'what'.
יָּקָ֥רbrightnessAdj · יָקָר (H3368)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יָקָר (H3368) 'brightness'.
חַסְדְּךָ֗your steadfast loveN c · חֶסֶד (H2617)Construct chain (genitival)חֶסֶד (H2617) 'your steadfast love'.
אֱלֹ֫הִ֥יםGodN c · אֱלֹהִים (H430)Construct chain (genitival)אֱלֹהִים (H430) 'God'.
וּבְנֵ֥יand the sons ofconj וְ + N com m pl constr · בֵּן (H1121)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)בֵּן (H1121) 'and the sons of'.
אָדָ֑םmanN c · אָדָם (H120)Construct chain (genitival)אָדָם (H120) 'man'.
בְּצֵ֥לin the shadow ofprep + N com m sg constr · צֵל (H6738)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)צֵל (H6738) 'in the shadow of'.
כְּ֝נָפֶ֗יךָthe skirt ofN c · כָּנָף (H3671)Construct chain (genitival)כָּנָף (H3671) 'the skirt of'.
יֶחֱסָיֽוּןin which they took refugeQal impf 3mp + Sn · חָסָה (H2620)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalחָסָה (H2620) 'in which they took refuge'.
9
יִ֭רְוְיֻן מִדֶּ֣שֶׁן בֵּיתֶ֑ךָ וְנַ֖חַל עֲדָנֶ֣יךָ תַשְׁקֵֽם
Bathe the fatty ashes your house the brook of delight and watered.
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'bathe'.
Word-by-word analysis· 6 words
יִ֭רְוְיֻןbatheQal impf 3mp + Sn · רָוָה (H7301)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalרָוָה (H7301) 'bathe'.
מִדֶּ֣שֶׁןthe fatty ashesprep + N com m sg constr · דֶּשֶׁן (H1880)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)דֶּשֶׁן (H1880) 'the fatty ashes'.
בֵּיתֶ֑ךָyour houseN c · בַּיִת (H1004)Construct chain (genitival)בַּיִת (H1004) 'your house'.
וְנַ֖חַלthe brook ofconj וְ + N com m sg constr · נַחַל (H5158)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)נַחַל (H5158) 'the brook of'.
עֲדָנֶ֣יךָdelightN c · עֶדְנָה (H5730)Construct chain (genitival)עֶדְנָה (H5730) 'delight'.
תַשְׁקֵֽםand wateredHiphil impf 2ms + sfx 3mp · שָׁקָה (H8248)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalשָׁקָה (H8248) 'and watered'.
10
כִּֽי עִ֭מְּךָ מְק֣וֹר חַיִּ֑ים בְּ֝אוֹרְךָ֗ נִרְאֶה אֽוֹר
For with you the flow of alive light has appeared light.
kî-clause (causal, recitative, or evidential). Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'has appeared'.
Word-by-word analysis· 7 words
כִּֽיforconj וְ · כִּי (H3588)Particle or relational elementכִּי (H3588) 'for'.
עִ֭מְּךָwith youprep + sfx 2ms · עִם (H5973)Particle or relational elementעִם (H5973) 'with you'.
מְק֣וֹרthe flow ofN c · מָקוֹר (H4726)Construct chain (genitival)מָקוֹר (H4726) 'the flow of'.
חַיִּ֑יםaliveN c · חַי (H2416)Construct chain (genitival)חַי (H2416) 'alive'.
בְּ֝אוֹרְךָ֗lightprep + N com c sg constr + sfx 2ms · אוֹר (H216)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אוֹר (H216) 'light'.
נִרְאֶהhas appearedQal impf 1cp · רָאָה (H7200)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalרָאָה (H7200) 'has appeared'.
אֽוֹרlightN c · אוֹר (H216)Construct chain (genitival)אוֹר (H216) 'light'.
11
מְשֹׁ֣ךְ חַ֭סְדְּךָ לְיֹדְעֶ֑יךָ וְ֝צִדְקָֽתְךָ֗ לְיִשְׁרֵי לֵֽב
Has pulled your steadfast love I know righteousness right the heart of.
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Imperative — volitional address. Lead predicate is 'has pulled'.
Word-by-word analysis· 6 words
מְשֹׁ֣ךְhas pulledQal impv 2ms · מָשַׁךְ (H4900)Predicate verb (imperative)→ Volitional: imperativeמָשַׁךְ (H4900) 'has pulled'.
חַ֭סְדְּךָyour steadfast loveN c · חֶסֶד (H2617)Construct chain (genitival)חֶסֶד (H2617) 'your steadfast love'.
לְיֹדְעֶ֑יךָI knowprep + Qal ptc mp + sfx 2ms · יָדַע (H3045)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorיָדַע (H3045) 'I know'.
וְ֝צִדְקָֽתְךָ֗righteousnessconj וְ + N com f sg constr + sfx 2ms · צְדָקָה (H6666)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)צְדָקָה (H6666) 'righteousness'.
לְיִשְׁרֵיrightprep + Adj · יָשָׁר (H3477)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יָשָׁר (H3477) 'right'.
לֵֽבthe heart ofN c · לֵב (H3820)Construct chain (genitival)לֵב (H3820) 'the heart of'.
12
אַל תְּ֭בוֹאֵנִי רֶ֣גֶל גַּאֲוָ֑ה וְיַד רְ֝שָׁעִ֗ים אַל תְּנִדֵֽנִי
Do not and they came foot and in his majesty and the hand of the wicked do not and fugitive.
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Jussive — volitional. Lead predicate is 'and they came'.
Word-by-word analysis· 8 words
אַלdo notneg. · אַל (H408)Particle or relational elementאַל (H408) 'do not'.
תְּ֭בוֹאֵנִיand they cameQal jussive 3fs + sfx 1cs · בּוֹא (H935)Predicate verb (jussive)→ Jussive: volitionalבּוֹא (H935) 'and they came'.
רֶ֣גֶלfootN c · רֶגֶל (H7272)Construct chain (genitival)רֶגֶל (H7272) 'foot'.
גַּאֲוָ֑הand in his majestyN c · גַּאֲוָה (H1346)Construct chain (genitival)גַּאֲוָה (H1346) 'and in his majesty'.
וְיַדand the hand ofconj וְ + N com c sg constr · יָד (H3027)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יָד (H3027) 'and the hand of'.
רְ֝שָׁעִ֗יםthe wickedAdj · רָשָׁע (H7563)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)רָשָׁע (H7563) 'the wicked'.
אַלdo notneg. · אַל (H408)Particle or relational elementאַל (H408) 'do not'.
תְּנִדֵֽנִיand fugitiveHiphil jussive 3fs + sfx 1cs · נָד (H5110)Predicate verb (jussive)→ Jussive: volitionalנָד (H5110) 'and fugitive'.
13
שָׁ֣ם נָ֭פְלוּ פֹּ֣עֲלֵי אָ֑וֶן דֹּ֝ח֗וּ וְלֹא יָ֥כְלוּ קֽוּם
There have fallen did iniquity chase and not they were able rise.
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Qatal — perfective or stative predication. Lead predicate is 'have fallen'. Closes the chapter.
Word-by-word analysis· 8 words
שָׁ֣םthereart · שָׁם (H8033)Particle or relational elementשָׁם (H8033) 'there'.
נָ֭פְלוּhave fallenQal perf 3cp · נָפַל (H5307)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actנָפַל (H5307) 'have fallen'.
פֹּ֣עֲלֵיdidQal ptc mp · פָּעַל (H6466)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorפָּעַל (H6466) 'did'.
אָ֑וֶןiniquityN c · אוֹן (H205)Construct chain (genitival)אוֹן (H205) 'iniquity'.
דֹּ֝ח֗וּchasePual perf 3cp · דָּחָה (H1760)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actדָּחָה (H1760) 'chase'.
וְלֹאand notconj וְ + neg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'and not'.
יָ֥כְלוּthey were ableQal perf 3cp · יָכֹל (H3201)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actיָכֹל (H3201) 'they were able'.
קֽוּםriseQal inf constr · קוּם (H6965)Infinitive construct→ Infinitive construct: purpose, result, or complementקוּם (H6965) 'rise'.