1
לְדָוִ֨ד שָׁפְטֵ֤נִי יְהוָ֗ה כִּֽי אֲ֭נִי בְּתֻמִּ֣י הָלַ֑כְתִּי וּבַיהוָ֥ה בָּ֝טַ֗חְתִּי לֹ֣א אֶמְעָֽד
[ of David.] Judge me, O YHWH; for I have walked in mine integrity: I have trusted also in YHWH; I shall not slide.
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Imperative — volitional address. Lead predicate is 'and judge'. Opens the chapter.
Word-by-word analysis· 11 words
לְדָוִ֨דtoprep + N proper · דָּוִד (H1732)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)דָּוִד (H1732) 'to'.
שָׁפְטֵ֤נִיand judgeQal impv 2ms + sfx 1cs · שָׁפַט (H8199)Predicate verb (imperative)→ Volitional: imperativeשָׁפַט (H8199) 'and judge'.
יְהוָ֗הYHWHN · יְהוָה (H3068)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוָה (H3068) 'YHWH'.
כִּֽיforconj וְ · כִּי (H3588)Particle or relational elementכִּי (H3588) 'for'.
אֲ֭נִיIpron 1cs · אֲנִי (H589)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֲנִי (H589) 'I'.
בְּתֻמִּ֣יin the integrity ofprep + N com m sg constr + sfx 1cs · תֹּם (H8537)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)תֹּם (H8537) 'in the integrity of'.
הָלַ֑כְתִּיI wentQal perf 1cs · הָלַךְ (H1980)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actהָלַךְ (H1980) 'I went'.
וּבַיהוָ֥הbut against YHWHconj וְ + prep + N proper · יְהוָה (H3068)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוָה (H3068) 'but against YHWH'.
בָּ֝טַ֗חְתִּיtrustingQal perf 1cs · בָּטַח (H982)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actבָּטַח (H982) 'trusting'.
לֹ֣אnotneg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'not'.
אֶמְעָֽדmake to shakeQal impf 1cs · מָעַד (H4571)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalמָעַד (H4571) 'make to shake'.
2
בְּחָנֵ֣נִי יְהוָ֣ה וְנַסֵּ֑נִי צרופה צָרְפָ֖ה כִלְיוֹתַ֣י וְלִבִּֽי
Examine me, O YHWH, and prove me; try my reins and my heart.
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Imperative — volitional address. Lead predicate is 'you will be tested'.
Word-by-word analysis· 7 words
בְּחָנֵ֣נִיyou will be testedQal impv 2ms + sfx 1cs · בָּחַן (H974)Predicate verb (imperative)→ Volitional: imperativeבָּחַן (H974) 'you will be tested'.
יְהוָ֣הYHWHN · יְהוָה (H3068)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוָה (H3068) 'YHWH'.
וְנַסֵּ֑נִיto testconj וְ + Piel impv 2ms + sfx 1cs · נִסָּה (H5254)Predicate verb (imperative)→ Volitional: imperativeנִסָּה (H5254) 'to test'.
צרופהandQal impv 2ms + Sh · צָרַף (H6884)Predicate verb (imperative)→ Volitional: imperativeצָרַף (H6884) 'and'.
צָרְפָ֖הandQal impv 2ms + Sh · צָרַף (H6884)Predicate verb (imperative)→ Volitional: imperativeצָרַף (H6884) 'and'.
כִלְיוֹתַ֣יthe kidneysN c · כִּלְיָה (H3629)Construct chain (genitival)כִּלְיָה (H3629) 'the kidneys'.
וְלִבִּֽיhis heartconj וְ + N com m sg constr + sfx 1cs · לֵב (H3820)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)לֵב (H3820) 'his heart'.
3
כִּֽי חַ֭סְדְּךָ לְנֶ֣גֶד עֵינָ֑י וְ֝הִתְהַלַּ֗כְתִּי בַּאֲמִתֶּֽךָ
For your lovingkindness before mine eyes: and I have walked in your truth.
kî-clause (causal, recitative, or evidential). Linked non-verbal clause.
Word-by-word analysis· 6 words
כִּֽיforconj וְ · כִּי (H3588)Particle or relational elementכִּי (H3588) 'for'.
חַ֭סְדְּךָyour steadfast loveN c · חֶסֶד (H2617)Construct chain (genitival)חֶסֶד (H2617) 'your steadfast love'.
לְנֶ֣גֶדat a distanceprep + prep · נֶגֶד (H5048)Particle or relational elementנֶגֶד (H5048) 'at a distance'.
עֵינָ֑יthe eyes ofN c · עַיִן (H5869)Construct chain (genitival)עַיִן (H5869) 'the eyes of'.
וְ֝הִתְהַלַּ֗כְתִּיand I will walk aboutconj וְ + Hithpael q 1cs · הָלַךְ (H1980)Particle or relational elementהָלַךְ (H1980) 'and I will walk about'.
בַּאֲמִתֶּֽךָtrueprep + N com f sg constr + sfx 2ms · אֱמֶת (H571)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֱמֶת (H571) 'true'.
4
לֹא יָ֭שַׁבְתִּי עִם מְתֵי שָׁ֑וְא וְעִ֥ם נַ֝עֲלָמִ֗ים לֹ֣א אָבֽוֹא
I have not sat with vain persons, neither will I go in with dissemblers.
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Qatal — perfective or stative predication. Lead predicate is 'the inhabitants of'.
Word-by-word analysis· 9 words
לֹאnotneg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'not'.
יָ֭שַׁבְתִּיthe inhabitants ofQal perf 1cs · יָשַׁב (H3427)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actיָשַׁב (H3427) 'the inhabitants of'.
עִםwithprep · עִם (H5973)Particle or relational elementעִם (H5973) 'with'.
מְתֵיmen ofN c · מַת (H4962)Construct chain (genitival)מַת (H4962) 'men of'.
שָׁ֑וְאfalsehoodN c · שָׁוְא (H7723)Construct chain (genitival)שָׁוְא (H7723) 'falsehood'.
וְעִ֥םand withconj וְ + prep · עִם (H5973)Particle or relational elementעִם (H5973) 'and with'.
נַ֝עֲלָמִ֗יםand it is hiddenN · עָלַם (H5956)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עָלַם (H5956) 'and it is hidden'.
לֹ֣אnotneg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'not'.
אָבֽוֹאI will comeQal impf 1cs · בּוֹא (H935)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalבּוֹא (H935) 'I will come'.
5
שָׂ֭נֵאתִי קְהַ֣ל מְרֵעִ֑ים וְעִם רְ֝שָׁעִ֗ים לֹ֣א אֵשֵֽׁב
I have hated the congregation of evil doers; and will not sit with the wicked.
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Qatal — perfective or stative predication. Lead predicate is 'hating'.
Word-by-word analysis· 7 words
שָׂ֭נֵאתִיhatingQal perf 1cs · שָׂנֵא (H8130)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actשָׂנֵא (H8130) 'hating'.
קְהַ֣לthe assembly ofN c · קָהָל (H6951)Construct chain (genitival)קָהָל (H6951) 'the assembly of'.
מְרֵעִ֑יםand it was displeasingHiphil ptc mp · רָעַע (H7489)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorרָעַע (H7489) 'and it was displeasing'.
וְעִםand withconj וְ + prep · עִם (H5973)Particle or relational elementעִם (H5973) 'and with'.
רְ֝שָׁעִ֗יםthe wickedAdj · רָשָׁע (H7563)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)רָשָׁע (H7563) 'the wicked'.
לֹ֣אnotneg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'not'.
אֵשֵֽׁבthe inhabitants ofQal impf 1cs · יָשַׁב (H3427)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalיָשַׁב (H3427) 'the inhabitants of'.
6
אֶרְחַ֣ץ בְּנִקָּי֣וֹן כַּפָּ֑י וַאֲסֹבְבָ֖ה אֶת מִזְבַּחֲךָ֣ יְהוָֽה
I will wash mine hands in innocency: so will I compass your altar, O YHWH:
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'and he shall bathe'.
Word-by-word analysis· 7 words
אֶרְחַ֣ץand he shall batheQal impf 1cs · רָחַץ (H7364)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalרָחַץ (H7364) 'and he shall bathe'.
בְּנִקָּי֣וֹןand in the innocence ofprep + N com m sg abs · נִקָּיוֹן (H5356)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)נִקָּיוֹן (H5356) 'and in the innocence of'.
כַּפָּ֑יthe palms ofN c · כַּף (H3709)Construct chain (genitival)כַּף (H3709) 'the palms of'.
וַאֲסֹבְבָ֖הand they marched aroundconj וְ + Poel cohortative 1cs · סָבַב (H5437)Predicate verb (weqatal / cohortative)→ Weqatal/cohortative: sequential or volitionalסָבַב (H5437) 'and they marched around'.
אֶת(obj)obj marker · אֵת (H853)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H853) '(obj)'.
מִזְבַּחֲךָ֣your altarN c · מִזְבֵּחַ (H4196)Construct chain (genitival)מִזְבֵּחַ (H4196) 'your altar'.
יְהוָֽהYHWHN · יְהוָה (H3068)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוָה (H3068) 'YHWH'.
7
לַ֭שְׁמִעַ בְּק֣וֹל תּוֹדָ֑ה וּ֝לְסַפֵּ֗ר כָּל נִפְלְאוֹתֶֽיךָ
That I may publish with the voice of thanksgiving, and tell of all your wondrous works.
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Infinitive construct — purpose, result, or complement. Lead predicate is 'to hear'.
Word-by-word analysis· 6 words
לַ֭שְׁמִעַto hearprep + Hiphil inf constr · שָׁמַע (H8085)Infinitive construct→ Infinitive construct: purpose, result, or complementשָׁמַע (H8085) 'to hear'.
בְּק֣וֹלto the voice ofprep + N com m sg constr · קוֹל (H6963)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)קוֹל (H6963) 'to the voice of'.
תּוֹדָ֑הthanksgivingN c · תּוֹדָה (H8426)Construct chain (genitival)תּוֹדָה (H8426) 'thanksgiving'.
וּ֝לְסַפֵּ֗רand he recountedconj וְ + prep + Piel inf constr · סָפַר (H5608)Infinitive construct→ Infinitive construct: purpose, result, or complementסָפַר (H5608) 'and he recounted'.
כָּלallN c · כֹּל (H3605)Construct chain (genitival)כֹּל (H3605) 'all'.
נִפְלְאוֹתֶֽיךָto fulfillN · פָּלָא (H6381)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)פָּלָא (H6381) 'to fulfill'.
8
יְֽהוָ֗ה אָ֭הַבְתִּי מְע֣וֹן בֵּיתֶ֑ךָ וּ֝מְק֗וֹם מִשְׁכַּ֥ן כְּבוֹדֶֽךָ
YHWH, I have loved the habitation of your house, and the place where your honour dwelleth.
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Qatal — perfective or stative predication. Lead predicate is 'I love'.
Word-by-word analysis· 7 words
יְֽהוָ֗הYHWHN · יְהוָה (H3068)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוָה (H3068) 'YHWH'.
אָ֭הַבְתִּיI loveQal perf 1cs · אָהַב (H157)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actאָהַב (H157) 'I love'.
מְע֣וֹןfrom the dwelling ofN c · מָעוֹן (H4583)Construct chain (genitival)מָעוֹן (H4583) 'from the dwelling of'.
בֵּיתֶ֑ךָyour houseN c · בַּיִת (H1004)Construct chain (genitival)בַּיִת (H1004) 'your house'.
וּ֝מְק֗וֹםand a placeconj וְ + N com m sg constr · מָקוֹם (H4725)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מָקוֹם (H4725) 'and a place'.
מִשְׁכַּ֥ןthe tabernacle ofN c · מִשְׁכָּן (H4908)Construct chain (genitival)מִשְׁכָּן (H4908) 'the tabernacle of'.
כְּבוֹדֶֽךָthe glory ofN c · כָּבוֹד (H3519)Construct chain (genitival)כָּבוֹד (H3519) 'the glory of'.
9
אַל תֶּאֱסֹ֣ף עִם חַטָּאִ֣ים נַפְשִׁ֑י וְעִם אַנְשֵׁ֖י דָמִ֣ים חַיָּֽי
Gather not my soul with sinners, nor my life with bloody men:
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Jussive — volitional. Lead predicate is 'you will gather in'.
Word-by-word analysis· 9 words
אַלdo notneg. · אַל (H408)Particle or relational elementאַל (H408) 'do not'.
תֶּאֱסֹ֣ףyou will gather inQal jussive 2ms · אָסַף (H622)Predicate verb (jussive)→ Jussive: volitionalאָסַף (H622) 'you will gather in'.
עִםwithprep · עִם (H5973)Particle or relational elementעִם (H5973) 'with'.
חַטָּאִ֣יםsinfulAdj · חַטָּא (H2400)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)חַטָּא (H2400) 'sinful'.
נַפְשִׁ֑יmy soulN c · נֶפֶשׁ (H5315)Construct chain (genitival)נֶפֶשׁ (H5315) 'my soul'.
וְעִםand withconj וְ + prep · עִם (H5973)Particle or relational elementעִם (H5973) 'and with'.
אַנְשֵׁ֖יthe men ofN c · אִישׁ (H376)Construct chain (genitival)אִישׁ (H376) 'the men of'.
דָמִ֣יםbloodguiltN c · דָּם (H1818)Construct chain (genitival)דָּם (H1818) 'bloodguilt'.
חַיָּֽיthe life ofN c · חַי (H2416)Construct chain (genitival)חַי (H2416) 'the life of'.
10
אֲשֶׁר בִּידֵיהֶ֥ם זִמָּ֑ה וִֽ֝ימִינָ֗ם מָ֣לְאָה שֹּֽׁחַד
In whose hands mischief, and their right hand is full of bribes.
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Qatal — perfective or stative predication. Lead predicate is 'is filled'.
Word-by-word analysis· 6 words
אֲשֶׁרthatrel. שֶׁ · אֲשֶׁר (H834)Particle or relational elementאֲשֶׁר (H834) 'that'.
בִּידֵיהֶ֥םby the hand ofprep + N com c du constr + sfx 3mp · יָד (H3027)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יָד (H3027) 'by the hand of'.
זִמָּ֑הdepravityN c · זִמָּה (H2154)Construct chain (genitival)זִמָּה (H2154) 'depravity'.
וִֽ֝ימִינָ֗םthe rightconj וְ + N com f sg constr + sfx 3mp · יָמִין (H3225)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יָמִין (H3225) 'the right'.
מָ֣לְאָהis filledQal perf 3fs · מָלֵא (H4390)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actמָלֵא (H4390) 'is filled'.
שֹּֽׁחַדa bribeN c · שֹׁחַד (H7810)Construct chain (genitival)שֹׁחַד (H7810) 'a bribe'.
11
וַ֭אֲנִי בְּתֻמִּ֥י אֵלֵ֗ךְ פְּדֵ֣נִי וְחָנֵּֽנִי
But as for me, I will walk in mine integrity: redeem me, and be merciful to me.
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'I will go'.
Word-by-word analysis· 5 words
וַ֭אֲנִיand Iconj וְ + pron 1cs · אֲנִי (H589)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֲנִי (H589) 'and I'.
בְּתֻמִּ֥יin the integrity ofprep + N com m sg constr + sfx 1cs · תֹּם (H8537)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)תֹּם (H8537) 'in the integrity of'.
אֵלֵ֗ךְI will goQal impf 1cs · הָלַךְ (H3212)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalהָלַךְ (H3212) 'I will go'.
פְּדֵ֣נִיyou shall redeemQal impv 2ms + sfx 1cs · פָּדָה (H6299)Predicate verb (imperative)→ Volitional: imperativeפָּדָה (H6299) 'you shall redeem'.
וְחָנֵּֽנִיpity meconj וְ + Qal impv 2ms + sfx 1cs · חָנַן (H2603)Predicate verb (imperative)→ Volitional: imperativeחָנַן (H2603) 'pity me'.
12
רַ֭גְלִי עָֽמְדָ֣ה בְמִישׁ֑וֹר בְּ֝מַקְהֵלִ֗ים אֲבָרֵ֥ךְ יְהוָֽה
My foot standeth in an even place: in the congregations will I bless YHWH.
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Qatal — perfective or stative predication. Lead predicate is 'she had stopped'. Closes the chapter.
Word-by-word analysis· 6 words
רַ֭גְלִיthe feet ofN c · רֶגֶל (H7272)Construct chain (genitival)רֶגֶל (H7272) 'the feet of'.
עָֽמְדָ֣הshe had stoppedQal perf 3fs · עָמַד (H5975)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actעָמַד (H5975) 'she had stopped'.
בְמִישׁ֑וֹרthe tablelandprep + N com m sg abs · מִישׁוֹר (H4334)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מִישׁוֹר (H4334) 'the tableland'.
בְּ֝מַקְהֵלִ֗יםinprep + N com c pl abs · מַקְהֵל (H4721)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מַקְהֵל (H4721) 'in'.
אֲבָרֵ֥ךְblessedPiel impf 1cs · בֵּרַךְ (H1288)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalבֵּרַךְ (H1288) 'blessed'.
יְהוָֽהYHWHN · יְהוָה (H3068)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוָה (H3068) 'YHWH'.