1
מִכְתָּ֥ם לְדָוִ֑ד שָֽׁמְרֵ֥נִי אֵ֝֗ל כִּֽי חָסִ֥יתִי בָֽךְ
[Michtam of David.] Preserve me, O God: for in you do I put my trust.
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Imperative — volitional address. Lead predicate is 'and you shall keep'. Opens the chapter.
Word-by-word analysis· 7 words
מִכְתָּ֥םMichtamN c · מִכְתָּם (H4387)Construct chain (genitival)מִכְתָּם (H4387) 'Michtam'.
לְדָוִ֑דtoprep + N proper · דָּוִד (H1732)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)דָּוִד (H1732) 'to'.
שָֽׁמְרֵ֥נִיand you shall keepQal impv 2ms + sfx 1cs · שָׁמַר (H8104)Predicate verb (imperative)→ Volitional: imperativeשָׁמַר (H8104) 'and you shall keep'.
אֵ֝֗לGodN c · אֵל (H410)Construct chain (genitival)אֵל (H410) 'God'.
כִּֽיforconj וְ · כִּי (H3588)Particle or relational elementכִּי (H3588) 'for'.
חָסִ֥יתִיin which they took refugeQal perf 1cs · חָסָה (H2620)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actחָסָה (H2620) 'in which they took refuge'.
בָֽךְamong youprep + sfx 2fsParticle or relational elementFunction word: 'among you'.
2
אָמַ֣רְתְּ לַֽ֭יהוָה אֲדֹנָ֣י אָ֑תָּה ט֝וֹבָתִ֗י בַּל עָלֶֽיךָ
, you have said to YHWH, You my Lord: my goodness not to you;
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Qatal — perfective or stative predication. Lead predicate is 'have said'. Speech formula or quoted address.
Word-by-word analysis· 7 words
אָמַ֣רְתְּhave saidQal perf 2fs · אָמַר (H559)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actאָמַר (H559) 'have said'.
לַֽ֭יהוָהto YHWHprep + N proper · יְהוָה (H3068)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוָה (H3068) 'to YHWH'.
אֲדֹנָ֣יmy LordN c · אֲדֹנָי (H136)Construct chain (genitival)אֲדֹנָי (H136) 'my Lord'.
אָ֑תָּהyoupron 2ms · אַתָּה (H859)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אַתָּה (H859) 'you'.
ט֝וֹבָתִ֗יgoodAdj · טוֹב (H2896)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)טוֹב (H2896) 'good'.
בַּלnotneg. · בַּל (H1077)Particle or relational elementבַּל (H1077) 'not'.
עָלֶֽיךָupon youprep + sfx 2ms · עַל (H5921)Particle or relational elementעַל (H5921) 'upon you'.
3
לִ֭קְדוֹשִׁים אֲשֶׁר בָּאָ֣רֶץ הֵ֑מָּה וְ֝אַדִּירֵ֗י כָּל חֶפְצִי בָֽם
to the saints that in the earth, and the excellent, in whom all my delight.
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Nominal or particle frame.
Word-by-word analysis· 8 words
לִ֭קְדוֹשִׁיםholyprep + Adj · קָדוֹשׁ (H6918)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)קָדוֹשׁ (H6918) 'holy'.
אֲשֶׁרthatrel. שֶׁ · אֲשֶׁר (H834)Particle or relational elementאֲשֶׁר (H834) 'that'.
בָּאָ֣רֶץin the land ofprep + art + N com c sg abs · אֶרֶץ (H776)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֶרֶץ (H776) 'in the land of'.
הֵ֑מָּהtheypron 3mp · הֵמָּה (H1992)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)הֵמָּה (H1992) 'they'.
וְ֝אַדִּירֵ֗יwaters.conj וְ + Adj · אַדִּיר (H117)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אַדִּיר (H117) 'waters.'.
כָּלallN c · כֹּל (H3605)Construct chain (genitival)כֹּל (H3605) 'all'.
חֶפְצִיacceptableN c · חֵפֶץ (H2656)Construct chain (genitival)חֵפֶץ (H2656) 'acceptable'.
בָֽםagainst themprep + sfx 3mpParticle or relational elementFunction word: 'against them'.
4
יִרְבּ֥וּ עַצְּבוֹתָם֮ אַחֵ֪ר מָ֫הָ֥רוּ בַּל אַסִּ֣יךְ נִסְכֵּיהֶ֣ם מִדָּ֑ם וּֽבַל אֶשָּׂ֥א אֶת שְׁ֝מוֹתָ֗ם עַל שְׂפָתָֽי
Their sorrows shall be multiplied hasten another : their drink offerings of blood will I not offer, nor take up their names into my lips.
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'may multiply'.
Word-by-word analysis· 14 words
יִרְבּ֥וּmay multiplyQal impf 3mp · רָבָה (H7235)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalרָבָה (H7235) 'may multiply'.
עַצְּבוֹתָם֮sorrowN c · עַצֶּבֶת (H6094)Construct chain (genitival)עַצֶּבֶת (H6094) 'sorrow'.
אַחֵ֪רanotherAdj · אַחֵר (H312)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אַחֵר (H312) 'another'.
מָ֫הָ֥רוּhurry!Qal perf 3cp · מָהַר (H4116)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actמָהַר (H4116) 'hurry!'.
בַּלnotneg. · בַּל (H1077)Particle or relational elementבַּל (H1077) 'not'.
אַסִּ֣יךְand he pouredHiphil impf 1cs · נָסַךְ (H5258)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalנָסַךְ (H5258) 'and he poured'.
נִסְכֵּיהֶ֣םand their drink offeringsN c · נֶסֶךְ (H5262)Construct chain (genitival)נֶסֶךְ (H5262) 'and their drink offerings'.
מִדָּ֑םsome of the blood ofprep + N com m sg abs · דָּם (H1818)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)דָּם (H1818) 'some of the blood of'.
וּֽבַלandconj וְ + neg. · בַּל (H1077)Particle or relational elementבַּל (H1077) 'and'.
אֶשָּׂ֥אcan I bearQal impf 1cs · נָשָׂא (H5375)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalנָשָׂא (H5375) 'can I bear'.
אֶת(obj)obj marker · אֵת (H853)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H853) '(obj)'.
שְׁ֝מוֹתָ֗םtheir namesN c · שֵׁם (H8034)Construct chain (genitival)שֵׁם (H8034) 'their names'.
עַלonprep · עַל (H5921)Particle or relational elementעַל (H5921) 'on'.
שְׂפָתָֽיthe edge ofN c · שָׂפָה (H8193)Construct chain (genitival)שָׂפָה (H8193) 'the edge of'.
5
יְֽהוָ֗ה מְנָת חֶלְקִ֥י וְכוֹסִ֑י אַ֝תָּ֗ה תּוֹמִ֥יךְ גּוֹרָלִֽי
YHWH the portion of mine inheritance and of my cup: you maintainest my lot.
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Participle — attendant circumstance or substantival actor. Lead predicate is 'held up'.
Word-by-word analysis· 7 words
יְֽהוָ֗הYHWHN · יְהוָה (H3068)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוָה (H3068) 'YHWH'.
מְנָתas a portionN c · מָנָה (H4490)Construct chain (genitival)מָנָה (H4490) 'as a portion'.
חֶלְקִ֥יportionN c · חֵלֶק (H2506)Construct chain (genitival)חֵלֶק (H2506) 'portion'.
וְכוֹסִ֑יcup ofconj וְ + N com f sg constr + sfx 1cs · כּוֹס (H3563)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)כּוֹס (H3563) 'cup of'.
אַ֝תָּ֗הyoupron 2ms · אַתָּה (H859)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אַתָּה (H859) 'you'.
תּוֹמִ֥יךְheld upQal ptc ms · תָּמַךְ (H8551)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorתָּמַךְ (H8551) 'held up'.
גּוֹרָלִֽיthe lotN c · גּוֹרָל (H1486)Construct chain (genitival)גּוֹרָל (H1486) 'the lot'.
6
חֲבָלִ֣ים נָֽפְלוּ לִ֭י בַּנְּעִמִ֑ים אַף נַ֝חֲלָ֗ת שָֽׁפְרָ֥ה עָלָֽי
The lines are fallen to me in pleasant ; yea, I have a goodly heritage.
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Qatal — perfective or stative predication. Lead predicate is 'have fallen'.
Word-by-word analysis· 8 words
חֲבָלִ֣יםthe region ofN c · חֶבֶל (H2256)Construct chain (genitival)חֶבֶל (H2256) 'the region of'.
נָֽפְלוּhave fallenQal perf 3cp · נָפַל (H5307)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actנָפַל (H5307) 'have fallen'.
לִ֭יto meprep + sfx 1csParticle or relational elementFunction word: 'to me'.
בַּנְּעִמִ֑יםandprep + art + Adj · נָעִים (H5273)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)נָעִים (H5273) 'and'.
אַףalsoparticle · אַף (H637)Particle or relational elementאַף (H637) 'also'.
נַ֝חֲלָ֗תthe inheritance ofN c · נַחֲלָה (H5159)Construct chain (genitival)נַחֲלָה (H5159) 'the inheritance of'.
שָֽׁפְרָ֥הgoodlyQal perf 3fs · שָׁפַר (H8231)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actשָׁפַר (H8231) 'goodly'.
עָלָֽיagainst meprep + sfx 1cs · עַל (H5921)Particle or relational elementעַל (H5921) 'against me'.
7
אֲבָרֵ֗ךְ אֶת יְ֭הוָה אֲשֶׁ֣ר יְעָצָ֑נִי אַף לֵ֝יל֗וֹת יִסְּר֥וּנִי כִלְיוֹתָֽי
I will bless YHWH, who has given me counsel: my reins also instruct me in the night seasons.
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'blessed'.
Word-by-word analysis· 9 words
אֲבָרֵ֗ךְblessedPiel impf 1cs · בֵּרַךְ (H1288)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalבֵּרַךְ (H1288) 'blessed'.
אֶת(obj)obj marker · אֵת (H853)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H853) '(obj)'.
יְ֭הוָהYHWHN · יְהוָה (H3068)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוָה (H3068) 'YHWH'.
אֲשֶׁ֣רthatrel. שֶׁ · אֲשֶׁר (H834)Particle or relational elementאֲשֶׁר (H834) 'that'.
יְעָצָ֑נִיlet me advise youQal perf 3ms + sfx 1cs · יָעַץ (H3289)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actיָעַץ (H3289) 'let me advise you'.
אַףalsoparticle · אַף (H637)Particle or relational elementאַף (H637) 'also'.
לֵ֝יל֗וֹתthe nightN c · לַיְלָה (H3915)Construct chain (genitival)לַיְלָה (H3915) 'the night'.
יִסְּר֥וּנִיand they disciplinePiel perf 3cp + sfx 1cs · יָסַר (H3256)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actיָסַר (H3256) 'and they discipline'.
כִלְיוֹתָֽיthe kidneysN c · כִּלְיָה (H3629)Construct chain (genitival)כִּלְיָה (H3629) 'the kidneys'.
8
שִׁוִּ֬יתִי יְהוָ֣ה לְנֶגְדִּ֣י תָמִ֑יד כִּ֥י מִֽ֝ימִינִ֗י בַּל אֶמּֽוֹט
I have set YHWH always before me: because at my right hand, I shall not be moved.
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Qatal — perfective or stative predication. Lead predicate is 'avail'.
Word-by-word analysis· 8 words
שִׁוִּ֬יתִיavailPiel perf 1cs · שָׁוָה (H7737)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actשָׁוָה (H7737) 'avail'.
יְהוָ֣הYHWHN · יְהוָה (H3068)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוָה (H3068) 'YHWH'.
לְנֶגְדִּ֣יbefore meprep + prep + sfx 1cs · נֶגֶד (H5048)Particle or relational elementנֶגֶד (H5048) 'before me'.
תָמִ֑ידcontinuallyN c · תָּמִיד (H8548)Construct chain (genitival)תָּמִיד (H8548) 'continually'.
כִּ֥יforconj וְ · כִּי (H3588)Particle or relational elementכִּי (H3588) 'for'.
מִֽ֝ימִינִ֗יthe rightprep + N com f sg constr + sfx 1cs · יָמִין (H3225)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יָמִין (H3225) 'the right'.
בַּלnotneg. · בַּל (H1077)Particle or relational elementבַּל (H1077) 'not'.
אֶמּֽוֹטshall slipN · מוֹט (H4131)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מוֹט (H4131) 'shall slip'.
9
לָכֵ֤ן שָׂמַ֣ח לִ֭בִּי וַיָּ֣גֶל כְּבוֹדִ֑י אַף בְּ֝שָׂרִ֗י יִשְׁכֹּ֥ן לָבֶֽטַח
Therefore my heart is glad, and my glory rejoiceth: my flesh also shall rest in hope.
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Qatal — perfective or stative predication. Lead predicate is 'rejoice'.
Word-by-word analysis· 9 words
לָכֵ֤ןthereforeprep + art · כֵּן (H3651)Particle or relational elementכֵּן (H3651) 'therefore'.
שָׂמַ֣חrejoiceQal perf 3ms · שָׂמַח (H8055)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actשָׂמַח (H8055) 'rejoice'.
לִ֭בִּיmy heartN c · לֵב (H3820)Construct chain (genitival)לֵב (H3820) 'my heart'.
וַיָּ֣גֶלbe gladconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · גִּיל (H1523)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceגִּיל (H1523) 'be glad'.
כְּבוֹדִ֑יmy gloryN c · כָּבוֹד (H3519)Construct chain (genitival)כָּבוֹד (H3519) 'my glory'.
אַףalsoparticle · אַף (H637)Particle or relational elementאַף (H637) 'also'.
בְּ֝שָׂרִ֗יfleshN c · בָּשָׂר (H1320)Construct chain (genitival)בָּשָׂר (H1320) 'flesh'.
יִשְׁכֹּ֥ןhe dwellsQal impf 3ms · שָׁכַן (H7931)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalשָׁכַן (H7931) 'he dwells'.
לָבֶֽטַחsecurelyprep + N com m sg abs · בֶּטַח (H983)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)בֶּטַח (H983) 'securely'.
10
כִּ֤י לֹא תַעֲזֹ֣ב נַפְשִׁ֣י לִשְׁא֑וֹל לֹֽא תִתֵּ֥ן חֲ֝סִידְךָ֗ לִרְא֥וֹת שָֽׁחַת
For you will not leave my soul in hell; neither will you suffer your Holy One to see corruption.
kî-clause (causal, recitative, or evidential). Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'you shall leave'.
Word-by-word analysis· 10 words
כִּ֤יforconj וְ · כִּי (H3588)Particle or relational elementכִּי (H3588) 'for'.
לֹאnotneg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'not'.
תַעֲזֹ֣בyou shall leaveQal impf 2ms · עָזַב (H5800)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalעָזַב (H5800) 'you shall leave'.
נַפְשִׁ֣יmy soulN c · נֶפֶשׁ (H5315)Construct chain (genitival)נֶפֶשׁ (H5315) 'my soul'.
לִשְׁא֑וֹלSheolprep + N proper · שְׁאוֹל (H7585)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שְׁאוֹל (H7585) 'Sheol'.
לֹֽאnotneg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'not'.
תִתֵּ֥ןyou shall giveQal impf 2ms · נָתַן (H5414)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalנָתַן (H5414) 'you shall give'.
חֲ֝סִידְךָ֗your loyal oneAdj · חָסִיד (H2623)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)חָסִיד (H2623) 'your loyal one'.
לִרְא֥וֹתto seeprep + Qal inf constr · רָאָה (H7200)Infinitive construct→ Infinitive construct: purpose, result, or complementרָאָה (H7200) 'to see'.
שָֽׁחַתfromN c · שַׁחַת (H7845)Construct chain (genitival)שַׁחַת (H7845) 'from'.
11
תּֽוֹדִיעֵנִי֮ אֹ֤רַח חַ֫יִּ֥ים שֹׂ֣בַע שְׂ֭מָחוֹת אֶת פָּנֶ֑יךָ נְעִמ֖וֹת בִּימִינְךָ֣ נֶֽצַח
You will shew me the path of life: in your presence fulness of joy; at your right hand pleasures for evermore.
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'I know'. Closes the chapter.
Word-by-word analysis· 10 words
תּֽוֹדִיעֵנִי֮I knowHiphil impf 2ms + sfx 1cs · יָדַע (H3045)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalיָדַע (H3045) 'I know'.
אֹ֤רַחthe way ofN c · אֹרַח (H734)Construct chain (genitival)אֹרַח (H734) 'the way of'.
חַ֫יִּ֥יםaliveN c · חַי (H2416)Construct chain (genitival)חַי (H2416) 'alive'.
שֹׂ֣בַעyour fillN c · שֹׂבַע (H7648)Construct chain (genitival)שֹׂבַע (H7648) 'your fill'.
שְׂ֭מָחוֹתwith joyN c · שִׂמְחָה (H8057)Construct chain (genitival)שִׂמְחָה (H8057) 'with joy'.
אֶתwithprep · אֵת (H854)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H854) 'with'.
פָּנֶ֑יךָyour faceN c · פָּנִים (H6440)Construct chain (genitival)פָּנִים (H6440) 'your face'.
נְעִמ֖וֹתandAdj · נָעִים (H5273)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)נָעִים (H5273) 'and'.
בִּימִינְךָ֣the rightprep + N com f sg constr + sfx 2ms · יָמִין (H3225)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יָמִין (H3225) 'the right'.
נֶֽצַחalwayN c · נֶצַח (H5331)Construct chain (genitival)נֶצַח (H5331) 'alway'.