Hebrew Text · Translation · Interlinear · Discourse Structure

The Book of Psalms, Chapter 110תהלים 110

Each verse opens with the running Hebrew, an English translation, and a discourse note (its connective, relation, and role in the argument). Below follows the word-by-word breakdown in six tiers: gloss, case/state or parsing, syntax, semantic force, and a lexical note.

Case Nominative Genitive Dative Accusative Vocative Verb (no case) Indeclinable

Discourse notes head each verse: relation · connective · clause-flow. Indentation marks prominence — flush-left = main line of argument; indented = supporting / subordinate material.

Theme

Psalms 110 (7 verses in the MT) opens: [A Psalm of David.] YHWH said to my Lord, Sit you at my right hand, until I make your enemies your footstool. The middle of the chapter continues: YHWH has sworn, and will not repent, You a priest for ever after the order of Melchizedek. It closes: He shall drink of the brook in the way: therefore shall he lift up the head.

Translation & textual notes

The Hebrew base text here follows the Masoretic Text in the Leningrad tradition as represented by the Westminster Leningrad Codex / MorphHB diplomatic stream imported from OSHB; distinctively copyrighted apparatus from BHS or BHQ is not reproduced. Psalms 110 comprises 7 verses in MT order. Movement I (vv. 1-4) — [A Psalm of David. [A Psalm of David.] YHWH said to my Lord, Sit you at my right hand, until I make your enemies your footstool. YHWH shall send the rod of your strength out of Zion: rule you in the midst of your enemies. Your people willing in the day of your power, in the beauties of holiness from the womb of the morning: you have the dew of your youth. YHWH has sworn, and. Movement II (vv. 5-7) — YHWH at your right hand shall strike through kings in the day of his wra. YHWH at your right hand shall strike through kings in the day of his wrath. He shall judge among the heathen, he shall fill with the dead bodies; he shall wound the heads over many countries. He shall drink of the brook in the way: therefore shall he lift up the head. Where English printed Bibles divide verses differently, this annotation follows MT versification throughout.

1

לְדָוִ֗ד מִ֫זְמ֥וֹר נְאֻ֤ם יְהוָ֨ה לַֽאדֹנִ֗י שֵׁ֥ב לִֽימִינִ֑י עַד אָשִׁ֥ית אֹ֝יְבֶ֗יךָ הֲדֹ֣ם לְרַגְלֶֽיךָ

[A Psalm of David.] YHWH said to my Lord, Sit you at my right hand, until I make your enemies your footstool.

Imperative — volitional addressasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Imperative — volitional address. Lead predicate is 'dwell!'. Opens the chapter.
Word-by-word analysis· 12 words
לְדָוִ֗דtoprep + N proper · דָּוִד (H1732)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)דָּוִד (H1732) 'to'.
מִ֫זְמ֥וֹרpsalmN c · מִזְמוֹר (H4210)Construct chain (genitival)מִזְמוֹר (H4210) 'psalm'.
נְאֻ֤םutterance ofN c · נְאֻם (H5002)Construct chain (genitival)נְאֻם (H5002) 'utterance of'.
יְהוָ֨הYHWHN · יְהוָה (H3068)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוָה (H3068) 'YHWH'.
לַֽאדֹנִ֗יto my lordprep + N com m sg constr + sfx 1cs · אָדוֹן (H113)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אָדוֹן (H113) 'to my lord'.
שֵׁ֥בdwell!Qal impv 2ms · יָשַׁב (H3427)Predicate verb (imperative)→ Volitional: imperativeיָשַׁב (H3427) 'dwell!'.
לִֽימִינִ֑יthe rightprep + N com f sg constr + sfx 1cs · יָמִין (H3225)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יָמִין (H3225) 'the right'.
עַדuntilprep · עַד (H5704)Particle or relational elementעַד (H5704) 'until'.
אָשִׁ֥יתI will putQal impf 1cs · שִׁית (H7896)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalשִׁית (H7896) 'I will put'.
אֹ֝יְבֶ֗יךָyour enemiesQal ptc mp + sfx 2ms · אֹיֵב (H341)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorאֹיֵב (H341) 'your enemies'.
הֲדֹ֣ם(foot-) stoolN c · הֲדֹם (H1916)Construct chain (genitival)הֲדֹם (H1916) '(foot-) stool'.
לְרַגְלֶֽיךָhis feetprep + N com f du constr + sfx 2ms · רֶגֶל (H7272)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)רֶגֶל (H7272) 'his feet'.
2

מַטֵּֽה עֻזְּךָ֗ יִשְׁלַ֣ח יְ֭הוָה מִצִּיּ֑וֹן רְ֝דֵ֗ה בְּקֶ֣רֶב אֹיְבֶֽיךָ

YHWH shall send the rod of your strength out of Zion: rule you in the midst of your enemies.

Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-orientedasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'he will send'.
Word-by-word analysis· 8 words
מַטֵּֽהthe tribe ofN c · מַטֶּה (H4294)Construct chain (genitival)מַטֶּה (H4294) 'the tribe of'.
עֻזְּךָ֗strengthN c · עֹז (H5797)Construct chain (genitival)עֹז (H5797) 'strength'.
יִשְׁלַ֣חhe will sendQal impf 3ms · שָׁלַח (H7971)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalשָׁלַח (H7971) 'he will send'.
יְ֭הוָהYHWHN · יְהוָה (H3068)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוָה (H3068) 'YHWH'.
מִצִּיּ֑וֹןZionprep + N proper · צִיּוֹן (H6726)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)צִיּוֹן (H6726) 'Zion'.
רְ֝דֵ֗הand let them ruleQal impv 2ms · רָדָה (H7287)Predicate verb (imperative)→ Volitional: imperativeרָדָה (H7287) 'and let them rule'.
בְּקֶ֣רֶבin the midst ofprep + N com m sg constr · קֶרֶב (H7130)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)קֶרֶב (H7130) 'in the midst of'.
אֹיְבֶֽיךָyour enemiesQal ptc mp + sfx 2ms · אֹיֵב (H341)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorאֹיֵב (H341) 'your enemies'.
3

עַמְּךָ֣ נְדָבֹת֮ בְּי֪וֹם חֵ֫ילֶ֥ךָ בְּֽהַדְרֵי קֹ֭דֶשׁ מֵרֶ֣חֶם מִשְׁחָ֑ר לְ֝ךָ֗ טַ֣ל יַלְדֻתֶֽיךָ

Your people willing in the day of your power, in the beauties of holiness from the womb of the morning: you have the dew of your youth.

Nominal or particle frameasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Nominal or particle frame.
Word-by-word analysis· 11 words
עַמְּךָ֣your peopleN c · עַם (H5971)Construct chain (genitival)עַם (H5971) 'your people'.
נְדָבֹת֮the freewill offering ofN c · נְדָבָה (H5071)Construct chain (genitival)נְדָבָה (H5071) 'the freewill offering of'.
בְּי֪וֹםon the dayprep + N com m sg constr · יוֹם (H3117)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יוֹם (H3117) 'on the day'.
חֵ֫ילֶ֥ךָabilityN c · חַיִל (H2428)Construct chain (genitival)חַיִל (H2428) 'ability'.
בְּֽהַדְרֵיmajestyprep + N com m pl constr · הָדָר (H1926)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)הָדָר (H1926) 'majesty'.
קֹ֭דֶשׁholyN c · קֹדֶשׁ (H6944)Construct chain (genitival)קֹדֶשׁ (H6944) 'holy'.
מֵרֶ֣חֶםfrom the womb ofprep + N com m sg constr · רֶחֶם (H7358)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)רֶחֶם (H7358) 'from the womb of'.
מִשְׁחָ֑רmorningN c · מִשְׁחָר (H4891)Construct chain (genitival)מִשְׁחָר (H4891) 'morning'.
לְ֝ךָ֗to youprep + sfx 2msParticle or relational elementFunction word: 'to you'.
טַ֣לdewN c · טַל (H2919)Construct chain (genitival)טַל (H2919) 'dew'.
יַלְדֻתֶֽיךָchildhoodN c · יַלְדוּת (H3208)Construct chain (genitival)יַלְדוּת (H3208) 'childhood'.
4

נִשְׁבַּ֤ע יְהוָ֨ה וְלֹ֥א יִנָּחֵ֗ם אַתָּֽה כֹהֵ֥ן לְעוֹלָ֑ם עַל דִּ֝בְרָתִ֗י מַלְכִּי צֶֽדֶק

YHWH has sworn, and will not repent, You a priest for ever after the order of Melchizedek.

Nominal or particle frameasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Nominal or particle frame.
Word-by-word analysis· 11 words
נִשְׁבַּ֤עhe sworeN · נִשְׁבַּע (H7650)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)נִשְׁבַּע (H7650) 'he swore'.
יְהוָ֨הYHWHN · יְהוָה (H3068)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוָה (H3068) 'YHWH'.
וְלֹ֥אand notconj וְ + neg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'and not'.
יִנָּחֵ֗םthey change their minds/regretN · נָחַם (H5162)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)נָחַם (H5162) 'they change their minds/regret'.
אַתָּֽהyoupron 2ms · אַתָּה (H859)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אַתָּה (H859) 'you'.
כֹהֵ֥ןpriest ofN c · כֹּהֵן (H3548)Construct chain (genitival)כֹּהֵן (H3548) 'priest of'.
לְעוֹלָ֑םforeverprep + N com m sg abs · עוֹלָם (H5769)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עוֹלָם (H5769) 'forever'.
עַלonprep · עַל (H5921)Particle or relational elementעַל (H5921) 'on'.
דִּ֝בְרָתִ֗יcauseN c · דִּבְרָה (H1700)Construct chain (genitival)דִּבְרָה (H1700) 'cause'.
מַלְכִּיand MelchizedekN · מַלְכִּי-צֶדֶק (H4442)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מַלְכִּי-צֶדֶק (H4442) 'and Melchizedek'.
צֶֽדֶקMelchizedekN · מַלְכִּי-צֶדֶק (H4442)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מַלְכִּי-צֶדֶק (H4442) 'Melchizedek'.
5

אֲדֹנָ֥י עַל יְמִֽינְךָ֑ מָחַ֖ץ בְּיוֹם אַפּ֣וֹ מְלָכִֽים

YHWH at your right hand shall strike through kings in the day of his wrath.

Qatal — perfective or stative predicationasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Qatal — perfective or stative predication. Lead predicate is 'smite'.
Word-by-word analysis· 7 words
אֲדֹנָ֥יmy LordN c · אֲדֹנָי (H136)Construct chain (genitival)אֲדֹנָי (H136) 'my Lord'.
עַלonprep · עַל (H5921)Particle or relational elementעַל (H5921) 'on'.
יְמִֽינְךָ֑Your right hand,N c · יָמִין (H3225)Construct chain (genitival)יָמִין (H3225) 'Your right hand,'.
מָחַ֖ץsmiteQal perf 3ms · מָחַץ (H4272)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actמָחַץ (H4272) 'smite'.
בְּיוֹםon the dayprep + N com m sg constr · יוֹם (H3117)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יוֹם (H3117) 'on the day'.
אַפּ֣וֹhis angerN c · אַף (H639)Construct chain (genitival)אַף (H639) 'his anger'.
מְלָכִֽיםkingsN c · מֶלֶךְ (H4428)Construct chain (genitival)מֶלֶךְ (H4428) 'kings'.
6

יָדִ֣ין בַּ֭גּוֹיִם מָלֵ֣א גְוִיּ֑וֹת מָ֥חַץ רֹ֝֗אשׁ עַל אֶ֥רֶץ רַבָּֽה

He shall judge among the heathen, he shall fill with the dead bodies; he shall wound the heads over many countries.

Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-orientedasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'will vindicate'.
Word-by-word analysis· 9 words
יָדִ֣יןwill vindicateQal impf 3ms · דִּין (H1777)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalדִּין (H1777) 'will vindicate'.
בַּ֭גּוֹיִםamong the nationsprep + art + N com m pl abs · גּוֹי (H1471)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)גּוֹי (H1471) 'among the nations'.
מָלֵ֣אhe wholly followedQal perf 3ms · מָלֵא (H4390)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actמָלֵא (H4390) 'he wholly followed'.
גְוִיּ֑וֹתour bodiesN c · גְּוִיָּה (H1472)Construct chain (genitival)גְּוִיָּה (H1472) 'our bodies'.
מָ֥חַץsmiteQal perf 3ms · מָחַץ (H4272)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actמָחַץ (H4272) 'smite'.
רֹ֝֗אשׁthe head ofN c · רֹאשׁ (H7218)Construct chain (genitival)רֹאשׁ (H7218) 'the head of'.
עַלonprep · עַל (H5921)Particle or relational elementעַל (H5921) 'on'.
אֶ֥רֶץthe land ofN c · אֶרֶץ (H776)Construct chain (genitival)אֶרֶץ (H776) 'the land of'.
רַבָּֽהgreatAdj · רַב (H7227)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)רַב (H7227) 'great'.
7

מִ֭נַּחַל בַּדֶּ֣רֶךְ יִשְׁתֶּ֑ה עַל כֵּ֝֗ן יָרִ֥ים רֹֽאשׁ

He shall drink of the brook in the way: therefore shall he lift up the head.

Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-orientedasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'he shall drink'. Closes the chapter.
Word-by-word analysis· 7 words
מִ֭נַּחַלfrom the wadi ofprep + N com m sg abs · נַחַל (H5158)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)נַחַל (H5158) 'from the wadi of'.
בַּדֶּ֣רֶךְon the wayprep + art + N com c sg abs · דֶּרֶךְ (H1870)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)דֶּרֶךְ (H1870) 'on the way'.
יִשְׁתֶּ֑הhe shall drinkQal impf 3ms · שָׁתָה (H8354)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalשָׁתָה (H8354) 'he shall drink'.
עַלonprep · עַל (H5921)Particle or relational elementעַל (H5921) 'on'.
כֵּ֝֗ןsoadv. · כֵּן (H3651)Particle or relational elementכֵּן (H3651) 'so'.
יָרִ֥יםraisedHiphil impf 3ms · רוּם (H7311)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalרוּם (H7311) 'raised'.
רֹֽאשׁthe head ofN c · רֹאשׁ (H7218)Construct chain (genitival)רֹאשׁ (H7218) 'the head of'.