Hebrew Text · Translation · Interlinear · Discourse Structure

The Book of Psalms, Chapter 109תהלים 109

Each verse opens with the running Hebrew, an English translation, and a discourse note (its connective, relation, and role in the argument). Below follows the word-by-word breakdown in six tiers: gloss, case/state or parsing, syntax, semantic force, and a lexical note.

Case Nominative Genitive Dative Accusative Vocative Verb (no case) Indeclinable

Discourse notes head each verse: relation · connective · clause-flow. Indentation marks prominence — flush-left = main line of argument; indented = supporting / subordinate material.

Theme

Psalms 109 (31 verses in the MT) opens: [To the chief Musician, A Psalm of David.] Hold not your peace, O God of my praise; The middle of the chapter continues: Because that he remembered not to shew mercy, but persecuted the poor and needy man, that he might even slay the broken in heart. It closes: For he shall stand at the right hand of the poor, to save from those that condemn his soul.

Translation & textual notes

The Hebrew base text here follows the Masoretic Text in the Leningrad tradition as represented by the Westminster Leningrad Codex / MorphHB diplomatic stream imported from OSHB; distinctively copyrighted apparatus from BHS or BHQ is not reproduced. Psalms 109 comprises 31 verses in MT order. Movement I (vv. 1-7) — [To the chief Musician, A Psalm of David. [To the chief Musician, A Psalm of David.] Hold not your peace, O God of my praise; For the mouth of the wicked and the mouth of the deceitful are opened against me: they have spoken against me with a lying tongue. They compassed me about also with words of hatred; and fought against me without a cause. For my love they are my adversaries: but I prayer. And. Movement II (vv. 8-14) — Let his days be few; let another take his office. Let his days be few; let another take his office. Let his children be fatherless, and his wife a widow. Let his children be continually vagabonds, and beg: let them seek also out of their desolate places. Let the extortioner catch all that he has; and let the strangers spoil his labour. Let there be none to extend mercy to him: neither let there be any to. Movement III (vv. 15-21) — Let them be before YHWH continually, that he may cut off the memory of t. Let them be before YHWH continually, that he may cut off the memory of them from the earth. Because that he remembered not to shew mercy, but persecuted the poor and needy man, that he might even slay the broken in heart. As he loved cursing, so let it come to him: as he delighted not in blessing, so let it be far from him. As he clothed himself with. Movement IV (vv. 22-28) — For I poor and needy, and my heart is wounded within me. For I poor and needy, and my heart is wounded within me. I am gone like the shadow when it declineth: I am tossed up and down as the locust. My knees are weak through fasting; and my flesh faileth of fatness. I became also a reproach to them: they looked upon me they shaked their heads. Help me, O YHWH my God: O save me according to your mercy: That they. Movement V (vv. 29-31) — Let mine adversaries be clothed with shame, and let them cover themselve. Let mine adversaries be clothed with shame, and let them cover themselves with their own confusion, as with a mantle. I will greatly praise YHWH with my mouth; yea, I will praise him among the multitude. For he shall stand at the right hand of the poor, to save from those that condemn his soul. Where English printed Bibles divide verses differently, this annotation follows MT versification throughout.

1

לַ֭מְנַצֵּחַ לְדָוִ֣ד מִזְמ֑וֹר אֱלֹהֵ֥י תְ֝הִלָּתִ֗י אַֽל תֶּחֱרַֽשׁ

[To the chief Musician, A Psalm of David.] Hold not your peace, O God of my praise;

Participle — attendant circumstance or substantival actorasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Participle — attendant circumstance or substantival actor. Lead predicate is 'excel'. Opens the chapter.
Word-by-word analysis· 7 words
לַ֭מְנַצֵּחַexcelprep + art + Piel ptc ms · נָצַח (H5329)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorנָצַח (H5329) 'excel'.
לְדָוִ֣דtoprep + N proper · דָּוִד (H1732)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)דָּוִד (H1732) 'to'.
מִזְמ֑וֹרpsalmN c · מִזְמוֹר (H4210)Construct chain (genitival)מִזְמוֹר (H4210) 'psalm'.
אֱלֹהֵ֥יthe God ofN c · אֱלֹהִים (H430)Construct chain (genitival)אֱלֹהִים (H430) 'the God of'.
תְ֝הִלָּתִ֗יyour praiseN c · תְּהִלָּה (H8416)Construct chain (genitival)תְּהִלָּה (H8416) 'your praise'.
אַֽלdo notneg. · אַל (H408)Particle or relational elementאַל (H408) 'do not'.
תֶּחֱרַֽשׁplowQal jussive 2ms · חָרַשׁ (H2790)Predicate verb (jussive)→ Jussive: volitionalחָרַשׁ (H2790) 'plow'.
2

כִּ֤י פִ֪י רָשָׁ֡ע וּֽפִי מִ֭רְמָה עָלַ֣י פָּתָ֑חוּ דִּבְּר֥וּ אִ֝תִּ֗י לְשׁ֣וֹן שָֽׁקֶר

For the mouth of the wicked and the mouth of the deceitful are opened against me: they have spoken against me with a lying tongue.

Qatal — perfective or stative predication
kî-clause (causal, recitative, or evidential). Qatal — perfective or stative predication. Lead predicate is 'open'. Speech formula or quoted address.
Word-by-word analysis· 11 words
כִּ֤יforconj וְ · כִּי (H3588)Particle or relational elementכִּי (H3588) 'for'.
פִ֪יthe mouth ofN c · פֶּה (H6310)Construct chain (genitival)פֶּה (H6310) 'the mouth of'.
רָשָׁ֡עthe wickedAdj · רָשָׁע (H7563)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)רָשָׁע (H7563) 'the wicked'.
וּֽפִיAnd the opening ofconj וְ + N com m sg constr · פֶּה (H6310)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)פֶּה (H6310) 'And the opening of'.
מִ֭רְמָהwith deceitN c · מִרְמָה (H4820)Construct chain (genitival)מִרְמָה (H4820) 'with deceit'.
עָלַ֣יagainst meprep + sfx 1cs · עַל (H5921)Particle or relational elementעַל (H5921) 'against me'.
פָּתָ֑חוּopenQal perf 3cp · פָּתַח (H6605)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actפָּתַח (H6605) 'open'.
דִּבְּר֥וּhe spoke itPiel perf 3cp · דִּבֶּר (H1696)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actדִּבֶּר (H1696) 'he spoke it'.
אִ֝תִּ֗יwith meprep + sfx 1cs · אֵת (H854)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H854) 'with me'.
לְשׁ֣וֹןtongueN c · לָשׁוֹן (H3956)Construct chain (genitival)לָשׁוֹן (H3956) 'tongue'.
שָֽׁקֶרfalsehoodN c · שֶׁקֶר (H8267)Construct chain (genitival)שֶׁקֶר (H8267) 'falsehood'.
3

וְדִבְרֵ֣י שִׂנְאָ֣ה סְבָב֑וּנִי וַיִּֽלָּחֲמ֥וּנִי חִנָּֽם

They compassed me about also with words of hatred; and fought against me without a cause.

Qatal — perfective or stative predication
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Qatal — perfective or stative predication. Lead predicate is 'and they marched around'.
Word-by-word analysis· 5 words
וְדִבְרֵ֣יthe words ofconj וְ + N com m pl constr · דָּבָר (H1697)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)דָּבָר (H1697) 'the words of'.
שִׂנְאָ֣הbecause of the hatred ofN c · שִׂנְאָה (H8135)Construct chain (genitival)שִׂנְאָה (H8135) 'because of the hatred of'.
סְבָב֑וּנִיand they marched aroundQal perf 3cp + sfx 1cs · סָבַב (H5437)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actסָבַב (H5437) 'and they marched around'.
וַיִּֽלָּחֲמ֥וּנִיto fightconj וְ + Niphal wayyiqtol 3mp + sfx 1cs · לָחַם (H3898)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceלָחַם (H3898) 'to fight'.
חִנָּֽםfor nothingart · חִנָּם (H2600)Particle or relational elementחִנָּם (H2600) 'for nothing'.
4

תַּֽחַת אַהֲבָתִ֥י יִשְׂטְנ֗וּנִי וַאֲנִ֥י תְפִלָּֽה

For my love they are my adversaries: but I prayer.

Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-orientedasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'to'.
Word-by-word analysis· 5 words
תַּֽחַתunderprep · תַּחַת (H8478)Particle or relational elementתַּחַת (H8478) 'under'.
אַהֲבָתִ֥יout of the love ofN c · אַהֲבָה (H160)Construct chain (genitival)אַהֲבָה (H160) 'out of the love of'.
יִשְׂטְנ֗וּנִיtoQal impf 3mp + sfx 1cs · שָׂטַן (H7853)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalשָׂטַן (H7853) 'to'.
וַאֲנִ֥יand Iconj וְ + pron 1cs · אֲנִי (H589)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֲנִי (H589) 'and I'.
תְפִלָּֽהprayerN c · תְּפִלָּה (H8605)Construct chain (genitival)תְּפִלָּה (H8605) 'prayer'.
5

וַיָּ֘שִׂ֤ימוּ עָלַ֣י רָ֭עָה תַּ֣חַת טוֹבָ֑ה וְ֝שִׂנְאָ֗ה תַּ֣חַת אַהֲבָתִֽי

And they have rewarded me evil for good, and hatred for my love.

Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action. Lead predicate is 'and they put'.
Word-by-word analysis· 8 words
וַיָּ֘שִׂ֤ימוּand they putconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3mp · שִׂים (H7760)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceשִׂים (H7760) 'and they put'.
עָלַ֣יagainst meprep + sfx 1cs · עַל (H5921)Particle or relational elementעַל (H5921) 'against me'.
רָ֭עָהevilN c · רַע (H7451)Construct chain (genitival)רַע (H7451) 'evil'.
תַּ֣חַתunderprep · תַּחַת (H8478)Particle or relational elementתַּחַת (H8478) 'under'.
טוֹבָ֑הgoodAdj · טוֹב (H2896)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)טוֹב (H2896) 'good'.
וְ֝שִׂנְאָ֗הbecause of the hatred ofconj וְ + N com f sg abs · שִׂנְאָה (H8135)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שִׂנְאָה (H8135) 'because of the hatred of'.
תַּ֣חַתunderprep · תַּחַת (H8478)Particle or relational elementתַּחַת (H8478) 'under'.
אַהֲבָתִֽיout of the love ofN c · אַהֲבָה (H160)Construct chain (genitival)אַהֲבָה (H160) 'out of the love of'.
6

הַפְקֵ֣ד עָלָ֣יו רָשָׁ֑ע וְ֝שָׂטָ֗ן יַעֲמֹ֥ד עַל יְמִינֽוֹ

Set you a wicked man over him: and let Satan stand at his right hand.

Imperative — volitional addressasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Imperative — volitional address. Lead predicate is 'was entrusted'.
Word-by-word analysis· 7 words
הַפְקֵ֣דwas entrustedHiphil impv 2ms · פָּקַד (H6485)Predicate verb (imperative)→ Volitional: imperativeפָּקַד (H6485) 'was entrusted'.
עָלָ֣יוon itprep + sfx 3ms · עַל (H5921)Particle or relational elementעַל (H5921) 'on it'.
רָשָׁ֑עthe wickedAdj · רָשָׁע (H7563)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)רָשָׁע (H7563) 'the wicked'.
וְ֝שָׂטָ֗ןthe satanconj וְ + N com m sg abs · שָׂטָן (H7854)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שָׂטָן (H7854) 'the satan'.
יַעֲמֹ֥דshall standQal impf 3ms · עָמַד (H5975)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalעָמַד (H5975) 'shall stand'.
עַלonprep · עַל (H5921)Particle or relational elementעַל (H5921) 'on'.
יְמִינֽוֹhis rightN c · יָמִין (H3225)Construct chain (genitival)יָמִין (H3225) 'his right'.
7

בְּ֭הִשָּׁ֣פְטוֹ יֵצֵ֣א רָשָׁ֑ע וּ֝תְפִלָּת֗וֹ תִּהְיֶ֥ה לַֽחֲטָאָֽה

When he shall be judged, let him be condemned: and let his prayer become sin.

Infinitive construct — purpose, result, or complement
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Infinitive construct — purpose, result, or complement. Lead predicate is 'and judge'.
Word-by-word analysis· 6 words
בְּ֭הִשָּׁ֣פְטוֹand judgeprep + Niphal inf constr + sfx 3ms · שָׁפַט (H8199)Infinitive construct→ Infinitive construct: purpose, result, or complementשָׁפַט (H8199) 'and judge'.
יֵצֵ֣אone going out (to)Qal impf 3ms · יָצָא (H3318)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalיָצָא (H3318) 'one going out (to)'.
רָשָׁ֑עthe wickedAdj · רָשָׁע (H7563)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)רָשָׁע (H7563) 'the wicked'.
וּ֝תְפִלָּת֗וֹprayerconj וְ + N com f sg constr + sfx 3ms · תְּפִלָּה (H8605)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)תְּפִלָּה (H8605) 'prayer'.
תִּהְיֶ֥הshall beQal impf 3fs · הָיָה (H1961)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalהָיָה (H1961) 'shall be'.
לַֽחֲטָאָֽהa sinprep + N com f sg abs · חֲטָאָה (H2401)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)חֲטָאָה (H2401) 'a sin'.
8

יִֽהְיֽוּ יָמָ֥יו מְעַטִּ֑ים פְּ֝קֻדָּת֗וֹ יִקַּ֥ח אַחֵֽר

Let his days be few; let another take his office.

Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-orientedasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'they shall be'.
Word-by-word analysis· 6 words
יִֽהְיֽוּthey shall beQal impf 3mp · הָיָה (H1961)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalהָיָה (H1961) 'they shall be'.
יָמָ֥יוhis daysN c · יוֹם (H3117)Construct chain (genitival)יוֹם (H3117) 'his days'.
מְעַטִּ֑יםa littleAdj · מְעַט (H4592)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מְעַט (H4592) 'a little'.
פְּ֝קֻדָּת֗וֹand the fate ofN c · פְּקֻדָּה (H6486)Construct chain (genitival)פְּקֻדָּה (H6486) 'and the fate of'.
יִקַּ֥חhe shall takeQal impf 3ms · לָקַח (H3947)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalלָקַח (H3947) 'he shall take'.
אַחֵֽרanotherAdj · אַחֵר (H312)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אַחֵר (H312) 'another'.
9

יִֽהְיוּ בָנָ֥יו יְתוֹמִ֑ים וְ֝אִשְׁתּוֹ אַלְמָנָֽה

Let his children be fatherless, and his wife a widow.

Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-orientedasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'they shall be'.
Word-by-word analysis· 5 words
יִֽהְיוּthey shall beQal impf 3mp · הָיָה (H1961)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalהָיָה (H1961) 'they shall be'.
בָנָ֥יוhis sonsN c · בֵּן (H1121)Construct chain (genitival)בֵּן (H1121) 'his sons'.
יְתוֹמִ֑יםand the orphanN c · יָתוֹם (H3490)Construct chain (genitival)יָתוֹם (H3490) 'and the orphan'.
וְ֝אִשְׁתּוֹand his wifeconj וְ + N com f sg constr + sfx 3ms · אִשָּׁה (H802)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אִשָּׁה (H802) 'and his wife'.
אַלְמָנָֽהa widowN c · אַלְמָנָה (H490)Construct chain (genitival)אַלְמָנָה (H490) 'a widow'.
10

וְנ֤וֹעַ יָנ֣וּעוּ בָנָ֣יו וְשִׁאֵ֑לוּ וְ֝דָרְשׁ֗וּ מֵחָרְבוֹתֵיהֶֽם

Let his children be continually vagabonds, and beg: let them seek also out of their desolate places.

Infinitive absolute — emphasis or attendant action
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Infinitive absolute — emphasis or attendant action. Lead predicate is 'wandering'.
Word-by-word analysis· 6 words
וְנ֤וֹעַwanderingconj וְ + Qal inf abs · נוּעַ (H5128)Infinitive absolute→ Infinitive absolute: emphasis or attendant actionנוּעַ (H5128) 'wandering'.
יָנ֣וּעוּwanderingQal impf 3mp · נוּעַ (H5128)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalנוּעַ (H5128) 'wandering'.
בָנָ֣יוhis sonsN c · בֵּן (H1121)Construct chain (genitival)בֵּן (H1121) 'his sons'.
וְשִׁאֵ֑לוּaskconj וְ + Piel q 3cp · שָׁאַל (H7592)Particle or relational elementשָׁאַל (H7592) 'ask'.
וְ֝דָרְשׁ֗וּthen shall investigateconj וְ + Qal q 3cp · דָּרַשׁ (H1875)Particle or relational elementדָּרַשׁ (H1875) 'then shall investigate'.
מֵחָרְבוֹתֵיהֶֽםa ruinprep + N com f pl constr + sfx 3mp · חָרְבָּה (H2723)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)חָרְבָּה (H2723) 'a ruin'.
11

יְנַקֵּ֣שׁ נ֭וֹשֶׁה לְכָל אֲשֶׁר ל֑וֹ וְיָבֹ֖זּוּ זָרִ֣ים יְגִיעֽוֹ

Let the extortioner catch all that he has; and let the strangers spoil his labour.

Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-orientedasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'you be ensnared'.
Word-by-word analysis· 8 words
יְנַקֵּ֣שׁyou be ensnaredPiel impf 3ms · נָקַשׁ (H5367)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalנָקַשׁ (H5367) 'you be ensnared'.
נ֭וֹשֶׁהhe has lentQal ptc ms · נָשָׁה (H5383)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorנָשָׁה (H5383) 'he has lent'.
לְכָלto allprep + N com m sg constr · כֹּל (H3605)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)כֹּל (H3605) 'to all'.
אֲשֶׁרthatrel. שֶׁ · אֲשֶׁר (H834)Particle or relational elementאֲשֶׁר (H834) 'that'.
ל֑וֹto himprep + sfx 3msParticle or relational elementFunction word: 'to him'.
וְיָבֹ֖זּוּand plunderedconj וְ + Qal impf 3mp · בָּזַז (H962)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalבָּזַז (H962) 'and plundered'.
זָרִ֣יםan outsiderAdj · זָר (H2114)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)זָר (H2114) 'an outsider'.
יְגִיעֽוֹyour laborN c · יְגִיעַ (H3018)Construct chain (genitival)יְגִיעַ (H3018) 'your labor'.
12

אַל יְהִי ל֭וֹ מֹשֵׁ֣ךְ חָ֑סֶד וְֽאַל יְהִ֥י ח֝וֹנֵ֗ן לִיתוֹמָֽיו

Let there be none to extend mercy to him: neither let there be any to favour his fatherless children.

Jussive — volitionalasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Jussive — volitional. Lead predicate is 'let there be'.
Word-by-word analysis· 9 words
אַלdo notneg. · אַל (H408)Particle or relational elementאַל (H408) 'do not'.
יְהִיlet there beQal jussive 3ms · הָיָה (H1961)Predicate verb (jussive)→ Jussive: volitionalהָיָה (H1961) 'let there be'.
ל֭וֹto himprep + sfx 3msParticle or relational elementFunction word: 'to him'.
מֹשֵׁ֣ךְhas pulledQal ptc ms · מָשַׁךְ (H4900)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorמָשַׁךְ (H4900) 'has pulled'.
חָ֑סֶדkindnessN c · חֶסֶד (H2617)Construct chain (genitival)חֶסֶד (H2617) 'kindness'.
וְֽאַלand do notconj וְ + neg. · אַל (H408)Particle or relational elementאַל (H408) 'and do not'.
יְהִ֥יlet there beQal jussive 3ms · הָיָה (H1961)Predicate verb (jussive)→ Jussive: volitionalהָיָה (H1961) 'let there be'.
ח֝וֹנֵ֗ןpity meQal ptc ms · חָנַן (H2603)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorחָנַן (H2603) 'pity me'.
לִיתוֹמָֽיוorphanprep + N com m pl constr + sfx 3ms · יָתוֹם (H3490)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יָתוֹם (H3490) 'orphan'.
13

יְהִֽי אַחֲרִית֥וֹ לְהַכְרִ֑ית בְּד֥וֹר אַ֝חֵ֗ר יִמַּ֥ח שְׁמָֽם

Let his posterity be cut off; in the generation following let their name be blotted out.

Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-orientedasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'let there be'.
Word-by-word analysis· 7 words
יְהִֽיlet there beQal impf 3ms · הָיָה (H1961)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalהָיָה (H1961) 'let there be'.
אַחֲרִית֥וֹin the latterN c · אַחֲרִית (H319)Construct chain (genitival)אַחֲרִית (H319) 'in the latter'.
לְהַכְרִ֑יתto cut offprep + Hiphil inf constr · כָּרַת (H3772)Infinitive construct→ Infinitive construct: purpose, result, or complementכָּרַת (H3772) 'to cut off'.
בְּד֥וֹרin the generationprep + N com m sg abs · דּוֹר (H1755)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)דּוֹר (H1755) 'in the generation'.
אַ֝חֵ֗רanotherAdj · אַחֵר (H312)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אַחֵר (H312) 'another'.
יִמַּ֥חbe wiped outN · מָחָה (H4229)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מָחָה (H4229) 'be wiped out'.
שְׁמָֽםtheir nameN c · שֵׁם (H8034)Construct chain (genitival)שֵׁם (H8034) 'their name'.
14

יִזָּכֵ֤ר עֲוֺ֣ן אֲ֭בֹתָיו אֶל יְהוָ֑ה וְחַטַּ֥את אִ֝מּ֗וֹ אַל תִּמָּֽח

Let the iniquity of his fathers be remembered with YHWH; and let not the sin of his mother be blotted out.

Linked non-verbal clause
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Linked non-verbal clause.
Word-by-word analysis· 9 words
יִזָּכֵ֤רand you shall rememberN · זָכַר (H2142)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)זָכַר (H2142) 'and you shall remember'.
עֲוֺ֣ןthe iniquity ofN c · עָוֹן (H5771)Construct chain (genitival)עָוֹן (H5771) 'the iniquity of'.
אֲ֭בֹתָיוhis fathersN c · אָב (H1)Construct chain (genitival)אָב (H1) 'his fathers'.
אֶלtoprep · אֶל (H413)Particle or relational elementאֶל (H413) 'to'.
יְהוָ֑הYHWHN · יְהוָה (H3068)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוָה (H3068) 'YHWH'.
וְחַטַּ֥אתas a sin offeringconj וְ + N com f sg constr · חַטָּאת (H2403)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)חַטָּאת (H2403) 'as a sin offering'.
אִ֝מּ֗וֹhis motherN c · אֵם (H517)Construct chain (genitival)אֵם (H517) 'his mother'.
אַלdo notneg. · אַל (H408)Particle or relational elementאַל (H408) 'do not'.
תִּמָּֽחbe wiped outN · מָחָה (H4229)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מָחָה (H4229) 'be wiped out'.
15

יִהְי֣וּ נֶֽגֶד יְהוָ֣ה תָּמִ֑יד וְיַכְרֵ֖ת מֵאֶ֣רֶץ זִכְרָֽם

Let them be before YHWH continually, that he may cut off the memory of them from the earth.

Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-orientedasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'they shall be'.
Word-by-word analysis· 7 words
יִהְי֣וּthey shall beQal impf 3mp · הָיָה (H1961)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalהָיָה (H1961) 'they shall be'.
נֶֽגֶדbeforeprep · נֶגֶד (H5048)Particle or relational elementנֶגֶד (H5048) 'before'.
יְהוָ֣הYHWHN · יְהוָה (H3068)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוָה (H3068) 'YHWH'.
תָּמִ֑ידcontinuallyN c · תָּמִיד (H8548)Construct chain (genitival)תָּמִיד (H8548) 'continually'.
וְיַכְרֵ֖תand he cut offconj וְ + Hiphil impf 3ms · כָּרַת (H3772)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalכָּרַת (H3772) 'and he cut off'.
מֵאֶ֣רֶץfrom the land ofprep + N com c sg abs · אֶרֶץ (H776)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֶרֶץ (H776) 'from the land of'.
זִכְרָֽםtheir remembranceN c · זֵכֶר (H2143)Construct chain (genitival)זֵכֶר (H2143) 'their remembrance'.
16

יַ֗עַן אֲשֶׁ֤ר לֹ֥א זָכַר֮ עֲשׂ֪וֹת חָ֥סֶד וַיִּרְדֹּ֡ף אִישׁ עָנִ֣י וְ֭אֶבְיוֹן וְנִכְאֵ֨ה לֵבָ֬ב לְמוֹתֵֽת

Because that he remembered not to shew mercy, but persecuted the poor and needy man, that he might even slay the broken in heart.

Qatal — perfective or stative predication
kî-clause (causal, recitative, or evidential). Qatal — perfective or stative predication. Lead predicate is 'Remember'.
Word-by-word analysis· 13 words
יַ֗עַןbecauseconj וְ · יַעַן (H3282)Particle or relational elementיַעַן (H3282) 'because'.
אֲשֶׁ֤רthatrel. שֶׁ · אֲשֶׁר (H834)Particle or relational elementאֲשֶׁר (H834) 'that'.
לֹ֥אnotneg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'not'.
זָכַר֮RememberQal perf 3ms · זָכַר (H2142)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actזָכַר (H2142) 'Remember'.
עֲשׂ֪וֹתto doQal inf constr · עָשָׂה (H6213)Infinitive construct→ Infinitive construct: purpose, result, or complementעָשָׂה (H6213) 'to do'.
חָ֥סֶדkindnessN c · חֶסֶד (H2617)Construct chain (genitival)חֶסֶד (H2617) 'kindness'.
וַיִּרְדֹּ֡ףand he pursuedconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · רָדַף (H7291)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceרָדַף (H7291) 'and he pursued'.
אִישׁa manN c · אִישׁ (H376)Construct chain (genitival)אִישׁ (H376) 'a man'.
עָנִ֣יpoorAdj · עָנִי (H6041)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עָנִי (H6041) 'poor'.
וְ֭אֶבְיוֹןand needyconj וְ + Adj · אֶבְיוֹן (H34)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֶבְיוֹן (H34) 'and needy'.
וְנִכְאֵ֨הbrokenconj וְ + Niphal ptc ms · כָּאָה (H3512)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorכָּאָה (H3512) 'broken'.
לֵבָ֬בthe heart ofN c · לֵבָב (H3824)Construct chain (genitival)לֵבָב (H3824) 'the heart of'.
לְמוֹתֵֽתand he diedprep + Polel inf constr · מוּת (H4191)Infinitive construct→ Infinitive construct: purpose, result, or complementמוּת (H4191) 'and he died'.
17

וַיֶּאֱהַ֣ב קְ֭לָלָה וַתְּבוֹאֵ֑הוּ וְֽלֹא חָפֵ֥ץ בִּ֝בְרָכָ֗ה וַתִּרְחַ֥ק מִמֶּֽנּוּ

As he loved cursing, so let it come to him: as he delighted not in blessing, so let it be far from him.

Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action. Lead predicate is 'and he loved'.
Word-by-word analysis· 8 words
וַיֶּאֱהַ֣בand he lovedconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · אָהַב (H157)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceאָהַב (H157) 'and he loved'.
קְ֭לָלָהa curseN c · קְלָלָה (H7045)Construct chain (genitival)קְלָלָה (H7045) 'a curse'.
וַתְּבוֹאֵ֑הוּand they cameconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3fs + sfx 3ms · בּוֹא (H935)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceבּוֹא (H935) 'and they came'.
וְֽלֹאand notconj וְ + neg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'and not'.
חָפֵ֥ץhe delightedQal perf 3ms · חָפֵץ (H2654)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actחָפֵץ (H2654) 'he delighted'.
בִּ֝בְרָכָ֗הa blessingprep + N com f sg abs · בְּרָכָה (H1293)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)בְּרָכָה (H1293) 'a blessing'.
וַתִּרְחַ֥קfar offconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3fs · רָחַק (H7368)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceרָחַק (H7368) 'far off'.
מִמֶּֽנּוּfrom itprep + sfx 3ms · מִן (H4480)Particle or relational elementמִן (H4480) 'from it'.
18

וַיִּלְבַּ֥שׁ קְלָלָ֗ה כְּמַ֫דּ֥וֹ וַתָּבֹ֣א כַמַּ֣יִם בְּקִרְבּ֑וֹ וְ֝כַשֶּׁ֗מֶן בְּעַצְמוֹתָֽיו

As he clothed himself with cursing like as with his garment, so let it come into his bowels like water, and like oil into his bones.

Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action. Lead predicate is 'and clothed'.
Word-by-word analysis· 8 words
וַיִּלְבַּ֥שׁand clothedconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · לָבַשׁ (H3847)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceלָבַשׁ (H3847) 'and clothed'.
קְלָלָ֗הa curseN c · קְלָלָה (H7045)Construct chain (genitival)קְלָלָה (H7045) 'a curse'.
כְּמַ֫דּ֥וֹhis clothesprep + N com m sg constr + sfx 3ms · מַד (H4055)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מַד (H4055) 'his clothes'.
וַתָּבֹ֣אand she cameconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3fs · בּוֹא (H935)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceבּוֹא (H935) 'and she came'.
כַמַּ֣יִםlike waterprep + art + N com m pl abs · מַיִם (H4325)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מַיִם (H4325) 'like water'.
בְּקִרְבּ֑וֹin its midstprep + N com m sg constr + sfx 3ms · קֶרֶב (H7130)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)קֶרֶב (H7130) 'in its midst'.
וְ֝כַשֶּׁ֗מֶןwith oilconj וְ + prep + art + N com m sg abs · שֶׁמֶן (H8081)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שֶׁמֶן (H8081) 'with oil'.
בְּעַצְמוֹתָֽיוthe bones ofprep + N com f pl constr + sfx 3ms · עֶצֶם (H6106)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עֶצֶם (H6106) 'the bones of'.
19

תְּהִי ל֭וֹ כְּבֶ֣גֶד יַעְטֶ֑ה וּ֝לְמֵ֗זַח תָּמִ֥יד יַחְגְּרֶֽהָ

Let it be to him as the garment covereth him, and for a girdle wherewith he is girded continually.

Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-orientedasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'let there be'.
Word-by-word analysis· 7 words
תְּהִיlet there beQal impf 3fs · הָיָה (H1961)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalהָיָה (H1961) 'let there be'.
ל֭וֹto himprep + sfx 3msParticle or relational elementFunction word: 'to him'.
כְּבֶ֣גֶדhis garmentsprep + N com m sg abs · בֶּגֶד (H899)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)בֶּגֶד (H899) 'his garments'.
יַעְטֶ֑הhe shall coverQal impf 3ms · עָטָה (H5844)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalעָטָה (H5844) 'he shall cover'.
וּ֝לְמֵ֗זַחgirdleconj וְ + prep + N com m sg abs · מָזִיחַ (H4206)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מָזִיחַ (H4206) 'girdle'.
תָּמִ֥ידcontinuallyN c · תָּמִיד (H8548)Construct chain (genitival)תָּמִיד (H8548) 'continually'.
יַחְגְּרֶֽהָgirdedQal impf 3ms + sfx 3fs · חָגַר (H2296)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalחָגַר (H2296) 'girded'.
20

זֹ֤את פְּעֻלַּ֣ת שֹׂ֭טְנַי מֵאֵ֣ת יְהוָ֑ה וְהַדֹּבְרִ֥ים רָ֝֗ע עַל נַפְשִֽׁי

this the reward of mine adversaries from YHWH, and of them that speak evil against my soul.

Participle — attendant circumstance or substantival actorasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Participle — attendant circumstance or substantival actor. Lead predicate is 'to'.
Word-by-word analysis· 9 words
זֹ֤אתthisdem. pron xfs · זֹאת (H2063)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)זֹאת (H2063) 'this'.
פְּעֻלַּ֣תthe wages ofN c · פְּעֻלָּה (H6468)Construct chain (genitival)פְּעֻלָּה (H6468) 'the wages of'.
שֹׂ֭טְנַיtoQal ptc mp + sfx 1cs · שָׂטַן (H7853)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorשָׂטַן (H7853) 'to'.
מֵאֵ֣תfromprep + prep · אֵת (H854)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H854) 'from'.
יְהוָ֑הYHWHN · יְהוָה (H3068)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוָה (H3068) 'YHWH'.
וְהַדֹּבְרִ֥יםspeakconj וְ + art + Qal ptc mp · דִּבֶּר (H1696)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorדִּבֶּר (H1696) 'speak'.
רָ֝֗עbadAdj · רַע (H7451)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)רַע (H7451) 'bad'.
עַלonprep · עַל (H5921)Particle or relational elementעַל (H5921) 'on'.
נַפְשִֽׁיmy soulN c · נֶפֶשׁ (H5315)Construct chain (genitival)נֶפֶשׁ (H5315) 'my soul'.
21

וְאַתָּ֤ה יְה֘וִ֤ה אֲדֹנָ֗י עֲֽשֵׂה אִ֭תִּי לְמַ֣עַן שְׁמֶ֑ךָ כִּי ט֥וֹב חַ֝סְדְּךָ֗ הַצִּילֵֽנִי

But do you for me, O YHWH YHWH, for your name's sake: because your mercy good, deliver you me.

Imperative — volitional address
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Imperative — volitional address. Lead predicate is 'he did'.
Word-by-word analysis· 11 words
וְאַתָּ֤הand youconj וְ + pron 2ms · אַתָּה (H859)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אַתָּה (H859) 'and you'.
יְה֘וִ֤הYHWHN · יְהוִה (H3069)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוִה (H3069) 'YHWH'.
אֲדֹנָ֗יmy LordN c · אֲדֹנָי (H136)Construct chain (genitival)אֲדֹנָי (H136) 'my Lord'.
עֲֽשֵׂהhe didQal impv 2ms · עָשָׂה (H6213)Predicate verb (imperative)→ Volitional: imperativeעָשָׂה (H6213) 'he did'.
אִ֭תִּיwith meprep + sfx 1cs · אֵת (H854)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H854) 'with me'.
לְמַ֣עַןso thatprep · לְמַעַן (H4616)Particle or relational elementלְמַעַן (H4616) 'so that'.
שְׁמֶ֑ךָyour nameN c · שֵׁם (H8034)Construct chain (genitival)שֵׁם (H8034) 'your name'.
כִּיforconj וְ · כִּי (H3588)Particle or relational elementכִּי (H3588) 'for'.
ט֥וֹבgoodAdj · טוֹב (H2896)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)טוֹב (H2896) 'good'.
חַ֝סְדְּךָ֗your steadfast loveN c · חֶסֶד (H2617)Construct chain (genitival)חֶסֶד (H2617) 'your steadfast love'.
הַצִּילֵֽנִיDeliver meHiphil impv 2ms + sfx 1cs · נָצַל (H5337)Predicate verb (imperative)→ Volitional: imperativeנָצַל (H5337) 'Deliver me'.
22

כִּֽי עָנִ֣י וְאֶבְי֣וֹן אָנֹ֑כִי וְ֝לִבִּ֗י חָלַ֥ל בְּקִרְבִּֽי

For I poor and needy, and my heart is wounded within me.

Qatal — perfective or stative predication
kî-clause (causal, recitative, or evidential). Qatal — perfective or stative predication. Lead predicate is 'he has profaned'.
Word-by-word analysis· 7 words
כִּֽיforconj וְ · כִּי (H3588)Particle or relational elementכִּי (H3588) 'for'.
עָנִ֣יpoorAdj · עָנִי (H6041)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עָנִי (H6041) 'poor'.
וְאֶבְי֣וֹןand needyconj וְ + Adj · אֶבְיוֹן (H34)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֶבְיוֹן (H34) 'and needy'.
אָנֹ֑כִיIpron 1cs · אָנֹכִי (H595)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אָנֹכִי (H595) 'I'.
וְ֝לִבִּ֗יhis heartconj וְ + N com m sg constr + sfx 1cs · לֵב (H3820)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)לֵב (H3820) 'his heart'.
חָלַ֥לhe has profanedQal perf 3ms · חָלַל (H2490)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actחָלַל (H2490) 'he has profaned'.
בְּקִרְבִּֽיin my midstprep + N com m sg constr + sfx 1cs · קֶרֶב (H7130)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)קֶרֶב (H7130) 'in my midst'.
23

כְּצֵל כִּנְטוֹת֥וֹ נֶהֱלָ֑כְתִּי נִ֝נְעַ֗רְתִּי כָּֽאַרְבֶּֽה

I am gone like the shadow when it declineth: I am tossed up and down as the locust.

Infinitive construct — purpose, result, or complementasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Infinitive construct — purpose, result, or complement. Lead predicate is 'stretch out'.
Word-by-word analysis· 5 words
כְּצֵלin the shadow ofprep + N com m sg abs · צֵל (H6738)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)צֵל (H6738) 'in the shadow of'.
כִּנְטוֹת֥וֹstretch outprep + Qal inf constr + sfx 3ms · נָטָה (H5186)Infinitive construct→ Infinitive construct: purpose, result, or complementנָטָה (H5186) 'stretch out'.
נֶהֱלָ֑כְתִּיwentN · הָלַךְ (H1980)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)הָלַךְ (H1980) 'went'.
נִ֝נְעַ֗רְתִּיand shook offN · נָעַר (H5287)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)נָעַר (H5287) 'and shook off'.
כָּֽאַרְבֶּֽהthe locustsprep + art + N com m sg abs · אַרְבֶּה (H697)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אַרְבֶּה (H697) 'the locusts'.
24

בִּ֭רְכַּי כָּשְׁל֣וּ מִצּ֑וֹם וּ֝בְשָׂרִ֗י כָּחַ֥שׁ מִשָּֽׁמֶן

My knees are weak through fasting; and my flesh faileth of fatness.

Qatal — perfective or stative predicationasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Qatal — perfective or stative predication. Lead predicate is 'and they shall stumble'.
Word-by-word analysis· 6 words
בִּ֭רְכַּיmy kneesN c · בֶּרֶךְ (H1290)Construct chain (genitival)בֶּרֶךְ (H1290) 'my knees'.
כָּשְׁל֣וּand they shall stumbleQal perf 3cp · כָּשַׁל (H3782)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actכָּשַׁל (H3782) 'and they shall stumble'.
מִצּ֑וֹםfastprep + N com m sg abs · צוֹם (H6685)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)צוֹם (H6685) 'fast'.
וּ֝בְשָׂרִ֗יand my fleshconj וְ + N com m sg constr + sfx 1cs · בָּשָׂר (H1320)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)בָּשָׂר (H1320) 'and my flesh'.
כָּחַ֥שׁand they shall cringeQal perf 3ms · כָּחַשׁ (H3584)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actכָּחַשׁ (H3584) 'and they shall cringe'.
מִשָּֽׁמֶןfrom the oil ofprep + N com m sg abs · שֶׁמֶן (H8081)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שֶׁמֶן (H8081) 'from the oil of'.
25

וַאֲנִ֤י הָיִ֣יתִי חֶרְפָּ֣ה לָהֶ֑ם יִ֝רְא֗וּנִי יְנִיע֥וּן רֹאשָֽׁם

I became also a reproach to them: they looked upon me they shaked their heads.

Qatal — perfective or stative predication
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Qatal — perfective or stative predication. Lead predicate is 'I have been'.
Word-by-word analysis· 7 words
וַאֲנִ֤יand Iconj וְ + pron 1cs · אֲנִי (H589)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֲנִי (H589) 'and I'.
הָיִ֣יתִיI have beenQal perf 1cs · הָיָה (H1961)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actהָיָה (H1961) 'I have been'.
חֶרְפָּ֣הa reproachN c · חֶרְפָּה (H2781)Construct chain (genitival)חֶרְפָּה (H2781) 'a reproach'.
לָהֶ֑םto themprep + sfx 3mpParticle or relational elementFunction word: 'to them'.
יִ֝רְא֗וּנִיand he sawQal impf 3mp + sfx 1cs · רָאָה (H7200)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalרָאָה (H7200) 'and he saw'.
יְנִיע֥וּןwanderingHiphil impf 3mp + Sn · נוּעַ (H5128)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalנוּעַ (H5128) 'wandering'.
רֹאשָֽׁםtheir headsN c · רֹאשׁ (H7218)Construct chain (genitival)רֹאשׁ (H7218) 'their heads'.
26

עָ֭זְרֵנִי יְהוָ֣ה אֱלֹהָ֑י ה֭וֹשִׁיעֵ֣נִי כְחַסְדֶּֽךָ

Help me, O YHWH my God: O save me according to your mercy:

Imperative — volitional address
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Imperative — volitional address. Lead predicate is 'and help you'.
Word-by-word analysis· 5 words
עָ֭זְרֵנִיand help youQal impv 2ms + sfx 1cs · עָזַר (H5826)Predicate verb (imperative)→ Volitional: imperativeעָזַר (H5826) 'and help you'.
יְהוָ֣הYHWHN · יְהוָה (H3068)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוָה (H3068) 'YHWH'.
אֱלֹהָ֑יthe God ofN c · אֱלֹהִים (H430)Construct chain (genitival)אֱלֹהִים (H430) 'the God of'.
ה֭וֹשִׁיעֵ֣נִיone to saveHiphil impv 2ms + sfx 1cs · יָשַׁע (H3467)Predicate verb (imperative)→ Volitional: imperativeיָשַׁע (H3467) 'one to save'.
כְחַסְדֶּֽךָkindnessprep + N com m sg constr + sfx 2ms · חֶסֶד (H2617)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)חֶסֶד (H2617) 'kindness'.
27

וְֽ֭יֵדְעוּ כִּי יָ֣דְךָ זֹּ֑את אַתָּ֖ה יְהוָ֣ה עֲשִׂיתָֽהּ

That they may know that this your hand; you, YHWH, have done it.

Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'and they shall know'.
Word-by-word analysis· 7 words
וְֽ֭יֵדְעוּand they shall knowconj וְ + Qal impf 3mp · יָדַע (H3045)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalיָדַע (H3045) 'and they shall know'.
כִּיforconj וְ · כִּי (H3588)Particle or relational elementכִּי (H3588) 'for'.
יָ֣דְךָyour handN c · יָד (H3027)Construct chain (genitival)יָד (H3027) 'your hand'.
זֹּ֑אתthisdem. pron xfs · זֹאת (H2063)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)זֹאת (H2063) 'this'.
אַתָּ֖הyoupron 2ms · אַתָּה (H859)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אַתָּה (H859) 'you'.
יְהוָ֣הYHWHN · יְהוָה (H3068)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוָה (H3068) 'YHWH'.
עֲשִׂיתָֽהּto doQal perf 2ms + sfx 3fs · עָשָׂה (H6213)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actעָשָׂה (H6213) 'to do'.
28

יְקַֽלְלוּ הֵמָּה֮ וְאַתָּ֪ה תְבָ֫רֵ֥ךְ קָ֤מוּ וַיֵּבֹ֗שׁוּ וְֽעַבְדְּךָ֥ יִשְׂמָֽח

Let them curse, but bless you: when they arise, let them be ashamed; but let your servant rejoice.

Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-orientedasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'to curse'.
Word-by-word analysis· 8 words
יְקַֽלְלוּto cursePiel impf 3mp · קָלַל (H7043)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalקָלַל (H7043) 'to curse'.
הֵמָּה֮theypron 3mp · הֵמָּה (H1992)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)הֵמָּה (H1992) 'they'.
וְאַתָּ֪הand youconj וְ + pron 2ms · אַתָּה (H859)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אַתָּה (H859) 'and you'.
תְבָ֫רֵ֥ךְlet her be blessedPiel impf 2ms · בֵּרַךְ (H1288)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalבֵּרַךְ (H1288) 'let her be blessed'.
קָ֤מוּrise up!Qal perf 3cp · קוּם (H6965)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actקוּם (H6965) 'rise up!'.
וַיֵּבֹ֗שׁוּwere ashamedconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3mp · בּוּשׁ (H954)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceבּוּשׁ (H954) 'were ashamed'.
וְֽעַבְדְּךָ֥and your male slaveconj וְ + N com m sg constr + sfx 2ms · עֶבֶד (H5650)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עֶבֶד (H5650) 'and your male slave'.
יִשְׂמָֽחand you shall rejoiceQal impf 3ms · שָׂמַח (H8055)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalשָׂמַח (H8055) 'and you shall rejoice'.
29

יִלְבְּשׁ֣וּ שׂוֹטְנַ֣י כְּלִמָּ֑ה וְיַעֲט֖וּ כַמְעִ֣יל בָּשְׁתָּֽם

Let mine adversaries be clothed with shame, and let them cover themselves with their own confusion, as with a mantle.

Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'and you shall clothe'.
Word-by-word analysis· 6 words
יִלְבְּשׁ֣וּand you shall clotheQal impf 3mp · לָבַשׁ (H3847)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalלָבַשׁ (H3847) 'and you shall clothe'.
שׂוֹטְנַ֣יtoQal ptc mp + sfx 1cs · שָׂטַן (H7853)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorשָׂטַן (H7853) 'to'.
כְּלִמָּ֑הtoN c · כְּלִמָּה (H3639)Construct chain (genitival)כְּלִמָּה (H3639) 'to'.
וְיַעֲט֖וּhe shall coverconj וְ + Qal impf 3mp · עָטָה (H5844)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalעָטָה (H5844) 'he shall cover'.
כַמְעִ֣ילthe robe ofprep + art + N com m sg abs · מְעִיל (H4598)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מְעִיל (H4598) 'the robe of'.
בָּשְׁתָּֽםtoN c · בֹּשֶׁת (H1322)Construct chain (genitival)בֹּשֶׁת (H1322) 'to'.
30

א֘וֹדֶ֤ה יְהוָ֣ה מְאֹ֣ד בְּפִ֑י וּבְת֖וֹךְ רַבִּ֣ים אֲהַֽלְלֶֽנּוּ

I will greatly praise YHWH with my mouth; yea, I will praise him among the multitude.

Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-orientedasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'I will praise'.
Word-by-word analysis· 7 words
א֘וֹדֶ֤הI will praiseHiphil impf 1cs · יָדָה (H3034)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalיָדָה (H3034) 'I will praise'.
יְהוָ֣הYHWHN · יְהוָה (H3068)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוָה (H3068) 'YHWH'.
מְאֹ֣דveryart · מְאֹד (H3966)Particle or relational elementמְאֹד (H3966) 'very'.
בְּפִ֑יin the mouth ofprep + N com m sg constr + sfx 1cs · פֶּה (H6310)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)פֶּה (H6310) 'in the mouth of'.
וּבְת֖וֹךְand into the midst ofconj וְ + prep + N com m sg constr · תָּוֶךְ (H8432)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)תָּוֶךְ (H8432) 'and into the midst of'.
רַבִּ֣יםmanyAdj · רַב (H7227)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)רַב (H7227) 'many'.
אֲהַֽלְלֶֽנּוּand they praisedPiel impf 1cs + sfx 3ms · הָלַל (H1984)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalהָלַל (H1984) 'and they praised'.
31

כִּֽי יַ֭עֲמֹד לִימִ֣ין אֶבְי֑וֹן לְ֝הוֹשִׁ֗יעַ מִשֹּׁפְטֵ֥י נַפְשֽׁוֹ

For he shall stand at the right hand of the poor, to save from those that condemn his soul.

Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented
kî-clause (causal, recitative, or evidential). Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'shall stand'. Closes the chapter.
Word-by-word analysis· 7 words
כִּֽיforconj וְ · כִּי (H3588)Particle or relational elementכִּי (H3588) 'for'.
יַ֭עֲמֹדshall standQal impf 3ms · עָמַד (H5975)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalעָמַד (H5975) 'shall stand'.
לִימִ֣יןthe rightprep + N com f sg constr · יָמִין (H3225)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יָמִין (H3225) 'the right'.
אֶבְי֑וֹןpoorAdj · אֶבְיוֹן (H34)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֶבְיוֹן (H34) 'poor'.
לְ֝הוֹשִׁ֗יעַto saveprep + Hiphil inf constr · יָשַׁע (H3467)Infinitive construct→ Infinitive construct: purpose, result, or complementיָשַׁע (H3467) 'to save'.
מִשֹּׁפְטֵ֥יand judgeprep + Qal ptc mp · שָׁפַט (H8199)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorשָׁפַט (H8199) 'and judge'.
נַפְשֽׁוֹhis soulN c · נֶפֶשׁ (H5315)Construct chain (genitival)נֶפֶשׁ (H5315) 'his soul'.