1
אֹהֵ֣ב מ֭וּסָר אֹ֣הֵֽב דָּ֑עַת וְשֹׂנֵ֖א תוֹכַ֣חַת בָּֽעַר
Whoso loveth instruction loveth knowledge: but he that hateth reproof brutish.
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Participle — attendant circumstance or substantival actor. Lead predicate is 'loved'. Opens the chapter.
Word-by-word analysis· 7 words
אֹהֵ֣בlovedQal ptc ms · אָהַב (H157)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorאָהַב (H157) 'loved'.
מ֭וּסָרthe discipline ofN c · מוּסָר (H4148)Construct chain (genitival)מוּסָר (H4148) 'the discipline of'.
אֹ֣הֵֽבlovedQal ptc ms · אָהַב (H157)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorאָהַב (H157) 'loved'.
דָּ֑עַתknowledgeN c · דַּעַת (H1847)Construct chain (genitival)דַּעַת (H1847) 'knowledge'.
וְשֹׂנֵ֖אhatingconj וְ + Qal ptc ms · שָׂנֵא (H8130)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorשָׂנֵא (H8130) 'hating'.
תוֹכַ֣חַתandN c · תּוֹכֵחָה (H8433)Construct chain (genitival)תּוֹכֵחָה (H8433) 'and'.
בָּֽעַרbrutishAdj · בַּעַר (H1198)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)בַּעַר (H1198) 'brutish'.
2
ט֗וֹב יָפִ֣יק רָ֭צוֹן מֵיְהוָ֑ה וְאִ֖ישׁ מְזִמּ֣וֹת יַרְשִֽׁיעַ
A good obtaineth favour of YHWH: but a man of wicked devices will he condemn.
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented.
Word-by-word analysis· 7 words
ט֗וֹבgoodAdj · טוֹב (H2896)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)טוֹב (H2896) 'good'.
יָפִ֣יקandHiphil impf 3ms · פּוּק (H6329)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalפּוּק (H6329) 'and'.
רָ֭צוֹןfavorN c · רָצוֹן (H7522)Construct chain (genitival)רָצוֹן (H7522) 'favor'.
מֵיְהוָ֑הfrom YHWHprep + N proper · יְהוָה (H3068)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוָה (H3068) 'from YHWH'.
וְאִ֖ישׁand a manconj וְ + N com m sg constr · אִישׁ (H376)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אִישׁ (H376) 'and a man'.
מְזִמּ֣וֹת(wicked) deviceN c · מְזִמָּה (H4209)Construct chain (genitival)מְזִמָּה (H4209) '(wicked) device'.
יַרְשִֽׁיעַand they condemnHiphil impf 3ms · רָשַׁע (H7561)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalרָשַׁע (H7561) 'and they condemn'.
3
לֹא יִכּ֣וֹן אָדָ֣ם בְּרֶ֑שַׁע וְשֹׁ֥רֶשׁ צַ֝דִּיקִ֗ים בַּל יִמּֽוֹט
A man shall not be established by wickedness: but the root of the righteous shall not be moved.
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Nominal or particle frame.
Word-by-word analysis· 8 words
לֹאnotneg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'not'.
יִכּ֣וֹןreadyN · כּוּן (H3559)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)כּוּן (H3559) 'ready'.
אָדָ֣םmanN c · אָדָם (H120)Construct chain (genitival)אָדָם (H120) 'man'.
בְּרֶ֑שַׁעtheir wickednessprep + N com m sg abs · רֶשַׁע (H7562)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)רֶשַׁע (H7562) 'their wickedness'.
וְשֹׁ֥רֶשׁand the root ofconj וְ + N com m sg constr · שֹׁרֶשׁ (H8328)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שֹׁרֶשׁ (H8328) 'and the root of'.
צַ֝דִּיקִ֗יםthe righteousAdj · צַדִּיק (H6662)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)צַדִּיק (H6662) 'the righteous'.
בַּלnotneg. · בַּל (H1077)Particle or relational elementבַּל (H1077) 'not'.
יִמּֽוֹטshall slipN · מוֹט (H4131)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מוֹט (H4131) 'shall slip'.
4
אֵֽשֶׁת חַ֭יִל עֲטֶ֣רֶת בַּעְלָ֑הּ וּכְרָקָ֖ב בְּעַצְמוֹתָ֣יו מְבִישָֽׁה
A virtuous woman a crown to her husband: but she that maketh ashamed as rottenness in his bones.
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Participle — attendant circumstance or substantival actor. Lead predicate is 'were ashamed'.
Word-by-word analysis· 7 words
אֵֽשֶׁתwife ofN c · אִשָּׁה (H802)Construct chain (genitival)אִשָּׁה (H802) 'wife of'.
חַ֭יִלabilityN c · חַיִל (H2428)Construct chain (genitival)חַיִל (H2428) 'ability'.
עֲטֶ֣רֶתthe crown ofN c · עֲטָרָה (H5850)Construct chain (genitival)עֲטָרָה (H5850) 'the crown of'.
בַּעְלָ֑הּher husbandN c · בַּעַל (H1167)Construct chain (genitival)בַּעַל (H1167) 'her husband'.
וּכְרָקָ֖בandconj וְ + prep + N com m sg abs · רָקָב (H7538)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)רָקָב (H7538) 'and'.
בְּעַצְמוֹתָ֣יוthe bones ofprep + N com f pl constr + sfx 3ms · עֶצֶם (H6106)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עֶצֶם (H6106) 'the bones of'.
מְבִישָֽׁהwere ashamedHiphil ptc fs · בּוּשׁ (H954)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorבּוּשׁ (H954) 'were ashamed'.
5
מַחְשְׁב֣וֹת צַדִּיקִ֣ים מִשְׁפָּ֑ט תַּחְבֻּל֖וֹת רְשָׁעִ֣ים מִרְמָֽה
The thoughts of the righteous right: the counsels of the wicked deceit.
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Nominal or particle frame.
Word-by-word analysis· 6 words
מַחְשְׁב֣וֹתdesignsN c · מַחֲשָׁבָה (H4284)Construct chain (genitival)מַחֲשָׁבָה (H4284) 'designs'.
צַדִּיקִ֣יםthe righteousAdj · צַדִּיק (H6662)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)צַדִּיק (H6662) 'the righteous'.
מִשְׁפָּ֑טjudgmentN c · מִשְׁפָּט (H4941)Construct chain (genitival)מִשְׁפָּט (H4941) 'judgment'.
תַּחְבֻּל֖וֹתinN c · תַּחְבֻּלָה (H8458)Construct chain (genitival)תַּחְבֻּלָה (H8458) 'in'.
רְשָׁעִ֣יםthe wickedAdj · רָשָׁע (H7563)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)רָשָׁע (H7563) 'the wicked'.
מִרְמָֽהwith deceitN c · מִרְמָה (H4820)Construct chain (genitival)מִרְמָה (H4820) 'with deceit'.
6
דִּבְרֵ֣י רְשָׁעִ֣ים אֱרָב דָּ֑ם וּפִ֥י יְ֝שָׁרִ֗ים יַצִּילֵֽם
The words of the wicked to lie in wait for blood: but the mouth of the upright shall deliver them.
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Infinitive construct — purpose, result, or complement. Lead predicate is 'an ambush'.
Word-by-word analysis· 7 words
דִּבְרֵ֣יthe words ofN c · דָּבָר (H1697)Construct chain (genitival)דָּבָר (H1697) 'the words of'.
רְשָׁעִ֣יםthe wickedAdj · רָשָׁע (H7563)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)רָשָׁע (H7563) 'the wicked'.
אֱרָבan ambushQal inf constr · אָרַב (H693)Infinitive construct→ Infinitive construct: purpose, result, or complementאָרַב (H693) 'an ambush'.
דָּ֑םbloodN c · דָּם (H1818)Construct chain (genitival)דָּם (H1818) 'blood'.
וּפִ֥יAnd the opening ofconj וְ + N com m sg constr · פֶּה (H6310)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)פֶּה (H6310) 'And the opening of'.
יְ֝שָׁרִ֗יםthe uprightAdj · יָשָׁר (H3477)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יָשָׁר (H3477) 'the upright'.
יַצִּילֵֽםhas deliveredHiphil impf 3ms + sfx 3mp · נָצַל (H5337)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalנָצַל (H5337) 'has delivered'.
7
הָפ֣וֹךְ רְשָׁעִ֣ים וְאֵינָ֑ם וּבֵ֖ית צַדִּיקִ֣ים יַעֲמֹֽד
The wicked are overthrown, and not: but the house of the righteous shall stand.
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Infinitive absolute — emphasis or attendant action. Lead predicate is 'has turned'.
Word-by-word analysis· 6 words
הָפ֣וֹךְhas turnedQal inf abs · הָפַךְ (H2015)Infinitive absolute→ Infinitive absolute: emphasis or attendant actionהָפַךְ (H2015) 'has turned'.
רְשָׁעִ֣יםthe wickedAdj · רָשָׁע (H7563)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)רָשָׁע (H7563) 'the wicked'.
וְאֵינָ֑םthere is notconj וְ + neg. + sfx 3mp · אַיִן (H369)Particle or relational elementאַיִן (H369) 'there is not'.
וּבֵ֖יתand the house ofconj וְ + N com m sg constr · בַּיִת (H1004)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)בַּיִת (H1004) 'and the house of'.
צַדִּיקִ֣יםthe righteousAdj · צַדִּיק (H6662)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)צַדִּיק (H6662) 'the righteous'.
יַעֲמֹֽדshall standQal impf 3ms · עָמַד (H5975)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalעָמַד (H5975) 'shall stand'.
8
לְֽפִי שִׂ֭כְלוֹ יְהֻלַּל אִ֑ישׁ וְנַעֲוֵה לֵ֝֗ב יִהְיֶ֥ה לָבֽוּז
A man shall be commended according to his wisdom: but he that is of a perverse heart shall be despised.
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'and they praised'.
Word-by-word analysis· 8 words
לְֽפִיwith the edge ofprep + N com m sg constr · פֶּה (H6310)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)פֶּה (H6310) 'with the edge of'.
שִׂ֭כְלוֹdiscretionN c · שֶׂכֶל (H7922)Construct chain (genitival)שֶׂכֶל (H7922) 'discretion'.
יְהֻלַּלand they praisedPual impf 3ms · הָלַל (H1984)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalהָלַל (H1984) 'and they praised'.
אִ֑ישׁa manN c · אִישׁ (H376)Construct chain (genitival)אִישׁ (H376) 'a man'.
וְנַעֲוֵהdo amissconj וְ + Niphal ptc ms · עָוָה (H5753)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorעָוָה (H5753) 'do amiss'.
לֵ֝֗בthe heart ofN c · לֵב (H3820)Construct chain (genitival)לֵב (H3820) 'the heart of'.
יִהְיֶ֥הshall beQal impf 3ms · הָיָה (H1961)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalהָיָה (H1961) 'shall be'.
לָבֽוּזa laughingstockprep + N com m sg abs · בּוּז (H937)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)בּוּז (H937) 'a laughingstock'.
9
ט֣וֹב נִ֭קְלֶה וְעֶ֣בֶד ל֑וֹ מִ֝מְּתַכַּבֵּ֗ד וַחֲסַר לָֽחֶם
despised, and has a servant, better than he that honoureth himself, and lacketh bread.
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Participle — attendant circumstance or substantival actor. Lead predicate is 'and he hardened'.
Word-by-word analysis· 7 words
ט֣וֹבgoodAdj · טוֹב (H2896)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)טוֹב (H2896) 'good'.
נִ֭קְלֶהand be degradedN · קָלָה (H7034)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)קָלָה (H7034) 'and be degraded'.
וְעֶ֣בֶדand male servantconj וְ + N com m sg abs · עֶבֶד (H5650)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עֶבֶד (H5650) 'and male servant'.
ל֑וֹto himprep + sfx 3msParticle or relational elementFunction word: 'to him'.
מִ֝מְּתַכַּבֵּ֗דand he hardenedprep + Hithpael ptc ms · כָּבֵד (H3513)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorכָּבֵד (H3513) 'and he hardened'.
וַחֲסַרdestituteconj וְ + Adj · חָסֵר (H2638)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)חָסֵר (H2638) 'destitute'.
לָֽחֶםbreadN c · לֶחֶם (H3899)Construct chain (genitival)לֶחֶם (H3899) 'bread'.
10
יוֹדֵ֣עַ צַ֭דִּיק נֶ֣פֶשׁ בְּהֶמְתּ֑וֹ וְֽרַחֲמֵ֥י רְ֝שָׁעִ֗ים אַכְזָרִֽי
A righteous regardeth the life of his beast: but the tender mercies of the wicked cruel.
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Participle — attendant circumstance or substantival actor. Lead predicate is 'shall it be known'.
Word-by-word analysis· 7 words
יוֹדֵ֣עַshall it be knownQal ptc ms · יָדַע (H3045)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorיָדַע (H3045) 'shall it be known'.
צַ֭דִּיקrighteousAdj · צַדִּיק (H6662)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)צַדִּיק (H6662) 'righteous'.
נֶ֣פֶשׁa personN c · נֶפֶשׁ (H5315)Construct chain (genitival)נֶפֶשׁ (H5315) 'a person'.
בְּהֶמְתּ֑וֹhis cattleN c · בְּהֵמָה (H929)Construct chain (genitival)בְּהֵמָה (H929) 'his cattle'.
וְֽרַחֲמֵ֥יcompassionconj וְ + N com m pl constr · רַחֲמִים (H7356)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)רַחֲמִים (H7356) 'compassion'.
רְ֝שָׁעִ֗יםthe wickedAdj · רָשָׁע (H7563)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)רָשָׁע (H7563) 'the wicked'.
אַכְזָרִֽיcruelAdj · אַכְזָרִי (H394)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אַכְזָרִי (H394) 'cruel'.
11
עֹבֵ֣ד אַ֭דְמָתוֹ יִֽשְׂבַּֽע לָ֑חֶם וּמְרַדֵּ֖ף רֵיקִ֣ים חֲסַר לֵֽב
He that tilleth his land shall be satisfied with bread: but he that followeth vain void of understanding.
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Participle — attendant circumstance or substantival actor. Lead predicate is 'has been worked'.
Word-by-word analysis· 8 words
עֹבֵ֣דhas been workedQal ptc ms · עָבַד (H5647)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorעָבַד (H5647) 'has been worked'.
אַ֭דְמָתוֹhis landN c · אֲדָמָה (H127)Construct chain (genitival)אֲדָמָה (H127) 'his land'.
יִֽשְׂבַּֽעand be satisfiedQal impf 3ms · שָׂבַע (H7646)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalשָׂבַע (H7646) 'and be satisfied'.
לָ֑חֶםbreadN c · לֶחֶם (H3899)Construct chain (genitival)לֶחֶם (H3899) 'bread'.
וּמְרַדֵּ֖ףand they pursuedconj וְ + Piel ptc ms · רָדַף (H7291)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorרָדַף (H7291) 'and they pursued'.
רֵיקִ֣יםemptyAdj · רֵיק (H7386)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)רֵיק (H7386) 'empty'.
חֲסַרdestituteAdj · חָסֵר (H2638)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)חָסֵר (H2638) 'destitute'.
לֵֽבthe heart ofN c · לֵב (H3820)Construct chain (genitival)לֵב (H3820) 'the heart of'.
12
חָמַ֣ד רָ֭שָׁע מְצ֣וֹד רָעִ֑ים וְשֹׁ֖רֶשׁ צַדִּיקִ֣ים יִתֵּֽן
The wicked desireth the net of evil : but the root of the righteous yieldeth .
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Qatal — perfective or stative predication. Lead predicate is 'you shall covet'.
Word-by-word analysis· 7 words
חָמַ֣דyou shall covetQal perf 3ms · חָמַד (H2530)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actחָמַד (H2530) 'you shall covet'.
רָ֭שָׁעthe wickedAdj · רָשָׁע (H7563)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)רָשָׁע (H7563) 'the wicked'.
מְצ֣וֹדandN c · מָצוֹד (H4685)Construct chain (genitival)מָצוֹד (H4685) 'and'.
רָעִ֑יםsevereAdj · רַע (H7451)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)רַע (H7451) 'severe'.
וְשֹׁ֖רֶשׁand the root ofconj וְ + N com m sg constr · שֹׁרֶשׁ (H8328)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שֹׁרֶשׁ (H8328) 'and the root of'.
צַדִּיקִ֣יםthe righteousAdj · צַדִּיק (H6662)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)צַדִּיק (H6662) 'the righteous'.
יִתֵּֽןwould giveQal impf 3ms · נָתַן (H5414)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalנָתַן (H5414) 'would give'.
13
בְּפֶ֣שַׁע שְׂ֭פָתַיִם מוֹקֵ֣שׁ רָ֑ע וַיֵּצֵ֖א מִצָּרָ֣ה צַדִּֽיק
The wicked is snared by the transgression of lips: but the just shall come out of trouble.
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action. Lead predicate is 'and he went out'.
Word-by-word analysis· 7 words
בְּפֶ֣שַׁעand transgressionprep + N com m sg constr · פֶשַע (H6588)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)פֶשַע (H6588) 'and transgression'.
שְׂ֭פָתַיִםlipsN c · שָׂפָה (H8193)Construct chain (genitival)שָׂפָה (H8193) 'lips'.
מוֹקֵ֣שׁa snareN c · מוֹקֵשׁ (H4170)Construct chain (genitival)מוֹקֵשׁ (H4170) 'a snare'.
רָ֑עbadAdj · רַע (H7451)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)רַע (H7451) 'bad'.
וַיֵּצֵ֖אand he went outconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · יָצָא (H3318)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceיָצָא (H3318) 'and he went out'.
מִצָּרָ֣הand troublesprep + N com f sg abs · צָרָה (H6869)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)צָרָה (H6869) 'and troubles'.
צַדִּֽיקrighteousAdj · צַדִּיק (H6662)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)צַדִּיק (H6662) 'righteous'.
14
מִפְּרִ֣י פִי אִ֭ישׁ יִשְׂבַּע ט֑וֹב וּגְמ֥וּל יְדֵי אָ֝דָ֗ם ישוב יָשִׁ֥יב לֽוֹ
A man shall be satisfied with good by the fruit of mouth: and the recompence of a man's hands shall be rendered to him.
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'and be satisfied'.
Word-by-word analysis· 11 words
מִפְּרִ֣יsome of the fruit ofprep + N com m sg constr · פְּרִי (H6529)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)פְּרִי (H6529) 'some of the fruit of'.
פִיthe mouth ofN c · פֶּה (H6310)Construct chain (genitival)פֶּה (H6310) 'the mouth of'.
אִ֭ישׁa manN c · אִישׁ (H376)Construct chain (genitival)אִישׁ (H376) 'a man'.
יִשְׂבַּעand be satisfiedQal impf 3ms · שָׂבַע (H7646)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalשָׂבַע (H7646) 'and be satisfied'.
ט֑וֹבgoodAdj · טוֹב (H2896)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)טוֹב (H2896) 'good'.
וּגְמ֥וּלas / likeconj וְ + N com m sg constr · גְּמוּל (H1576)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)גְּמוּל (H1576) 'as / like'.
יְדֵיmy handN c · יָד (H3027)Construct chain (genitival)יָד (H3027) 'my hand'.
אָ֝דָ֗םmanN c · אָדָם (H120)Construct chain (genitival)אָדָם (H120) 'man'.
ישובhe shall returnQal impf 3ms · שׁוּב (H7725)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalשׁוּב (H7725) 'he shall return'.
יָשִׁ֥יבhe shall refundHiphil impf 3ms · שׁוּב (H7725)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalשׁוּב (H7725) 'he shall refund'.
לֽוֹto himprep + sfx 3msParticle or relational elementFunction word: 'to him'.
15
דֶּ֣רֶךְ אֱ֭וִיל יָשָׁ֣ר בְּעֵינָ֑יו וְשֹׁמֵ֖עַ לְעֵצָ֣ה חָכָֽם
The way of a fool right in his own eyes: but he that hearkeneth to counsel wise.
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Participle — attendant circumstance or substantival actor. Lead predicate is 'and hear'.
Word-by-word analysis· 7 words
דֶּ֣רֶךְthe way ofN c · דֶּרֶךְ (H1870)Construct chain (genitival)דֶּרֶךְ (H1870) 'the way of'.
אֱ֭וִילfoolAdj · אֱוִיל (H191)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֱוִיל (H191) 'fool'.
יָשָׁ֣רrightAdj · יָשָׁר (H3477)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יָשָׁר (H3477) 'right'.
בְּעֵינָ֑יוin his eyesprep + N com c du constr + sfx 3ms · עַיִן (H5869)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עַיִן (H5869) 'in his eyes'.
וְשֹׁמֵ֖עַand hearconj וְ + Qal ptc ms · שָׁמַע (H8085)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorשָׁמַע (H8085) 'and hear'.
לְעֵצָ֣הcounselprep + N com f sg abs · עֵצָה (H6098)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עֵצָה (H6098) 'counsel'.
חָכָֽםwise [of]Adj · חָכָם (H2450)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)חָכָם (H2450) 'wise [of]'.
16
אֱוִ֗יל בַּ֭יּוֹם יִוָּדַ֣ע כַּעְס֑וֹ וְכֹסֶ֖ה קָל֣וֹן עָרֽוּם
A fool's wrath is presently known: but a prudent covereth shame.
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Participle — attendant circumstance or substantival actor. Lead predicate is 'and it will cover'.
Word-by-word analysis· 7 words
אֱוִ֗ילfoolAdj · אֱוִיל (H191)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֱוִיל (H191) 'fool'.
בַּ֭יּוֹםon the dayprep + art + N com m sg abs · יוֹם (H3117)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יוֹם (H3117) 'on the day'.
יִוָּדַ֣עshall it be knownN · יָדַע (H3045)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יָדַע (H3045) 'shall it be known'.
כַּעְס֑וֹthe provocation ofN c · כַּעַס (H3708)Construct chain (genitival)כַּעַס (H3708) 'the provocation of'.
וְכֹסֶ֖הand it will coverconj וְ + Qal ptc ms · כָּסָה (H3680)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorכָּסָה (H3680) 'and it will cover'.
קָל֣וֹןconfusionN c · קָלוֹן (H7036)Construct chain (genitival)קָלוֹן (H7036) 'confusion'.
עָרֽוּםcraftyAdj · עָרוּם (H6175)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עָרוּם (H6175) 'crafty'.
17
יָפִ֣יחַ אֱ֭מוּנָה יַגִּ֣יד צֶ֑דֶק וְעֵ֖ד שְׁקָרִ֣ים מִרְמָֽה
speaketh truth sheweth forth righteousness: but a false witness deceit.
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'blow'.
Word-by-word analysis· 7 words
יָפִ֣יחַblowHiphil impf 3ms · פּוּחַ (H6315)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalפּוּחַ (H6315) 'blow'.
אֱ֭מוּנָהfaithfulnessN c · אֱמוּנָה (H530)Construct chain (genitival)אֱמוּנָה (H530) 'faithfulness'.
יַגִּ֣ידhe testifiesHiphil impf 3ms · נָגַד (H5046)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalנָגַד (H5046) 'he testifies'.
צֶ֑דֶקjustN c · צֶדֶק (H6664)Construct chain (genitival)צֶדֶק (H6664) 'just'.
וְעֵ֖דbut a witnessconj וְ + N com m sg constr · עֵד (H5707)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עֵד (H5707) 'but a witness'.
שְׁקָרִ֣יםfalsehoodN c · שֶׁקֶר (H8267)Construct chain (genitival)שֶׁקֶר (H8267) 'falsehood'.
מִרְמָֽהwith deceitN c · מִרְמָה (H4820)Construct chain (genitival)מִרְמָה (H4820) 'with deceit'.
18
יֵ֣שׁ בּ֭וֹטֶה כְּמַדְקְר֣וֹת חָ֑רֶב וּלְשׁ֖וֹן חֲכָמִ֣ים מַרְפֵּֽא
There is that speaketh like the piercings of a sword: but the tongue of the wise health.
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Participle — attendant circumstance or substantival actor. Lead predicate is 'to blurt out'.
Word-by-word analysis· 7 words
יֵ֣שׁthere isadv. · יֵשׁ (H3426)Particle or relational elementיֵשׁ (H3426) 'there is'.
בּ֭וֹטֶהto blurt outQal ptc ms · בָּטָא (H981)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorבָּטָא (H981) 'to blurt out'.
כְּמַדְקְר֣וֹתas / likeprep + N com f pl constr · מַדְקָרָה (H4094)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מַדְקָרָה (H4094) 'as / like'.
חָ֑רֶבthe swordN c · חֶרֶב (H2719)Construct chain (genitival)חֶרֶב (H2719) 'the sword'.
וּלְשׁ֖וֹןand a bar ofconj וְ + N com c sg constr · לָשׁוֹן (H3956)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)לָשׁוֹן (H3956) 'and a bar of'.
חֲכָמִ֣יםwiseAdj · חָכָם (H2450)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)חָכָם (H2450) 'wise'.
מַרְפֵּֽאhealingN c · מַרְפֵּא (H4832)Construct chain (genitival)מַרְפֵּא (H4832) 'healing'.
19
שְֽׂפַת אֱ֭מֶת תִּכּ֣וֹן לָעַ֑ד וְעַד אַ֝רְגִּ֗יעָה לְשׁ֣וֹן שָֽׁקֶר
The lip of truth shall be established for ever: but a lying tongue but for a moment.
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Weqatal / cohortative — sequential or volitional. Lead predicate is 'you will find repose'.
Word-by-word analysis· 8 words
שְֽׂפַתthe edge ofN c · שָׂפָה (H8193)Construct chain (genitival)שָׂפָה (H8193) 'the edge of'.
אֱ֭מֶתtrueN c · אֱמֶת (H571)Construct chain (genitival)אֱמֶת (H571) 'true'.
תִּכּ֣וֹןreadyN · כּוּן (H3559)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)כּוּן (H3559) 'ready'.
לָעַ֑דforeverprep + N com m sg abs · עַד (H5703)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עַד (H5703) 'forever'.
וְעַדand toconj וְ + prep · עַד (H5704)Particle or relational elementעַד (H5704) 'and to'.
אַ֝רְגִּ֗יעָהyou will find reposeHiphil cohortative 1cs · רָגַע (H7280)Predicate verb (weqatal / cohortative)→ Weqatal/cohortative: sequential or volitionalרָגַע (H7280) 'you will find repose'.
לְשׁ֣וֹןtongueN c · לָשׁוֹן (H3956)Construct chain (genitival)לָשׁוֹן (H3956) 'tongue'.
שָֽׁקֶרfalsehoodN c · שֶׁקֶר (H8267)Construct chain (genitival)שֶׁקֶר (H8267) 'falsehood'.
20
מִ֭רְמָה בְּלֶב חֹ֣רְשֵׁי רָ֑ע וּֽלְיֹעֲצֵ֖י שָׁל֣וֹם שִׂמְחָֽה
Deceit in the heart of them that imagine evil: but to the counsellors of peace joy.
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Participle — attendant circumstance or substantival actor. Lead predicate is 'and is silent'.
Word-by-word analysis· 7 words
מִ֭רְמָהwith deceitN c · מִרְמָה (H4820)Construct chain (genitival)מִרְמָה (H4820) 'with deceit'.
בְּלֶבin the heart ofprep + N com m sg constr · לֵב (H3820)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)לֵב (H3820) 'in the heart of'.
חֹ֣רְשֵׁיand is silentQal ptc mp · חָרַשׁ (H2790)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorחָרַשׁ (H2790) 'and is silent'.
רָ֑עbadAdj · רַע (H7451)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)רַע (H7451) 'bad'.
וּֽלְיֹעֲצֵ֖יlet me advise youconj וְ + prep + Qal ptc mp · יָעַץ (H3289)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorיָעַץ (H3289) 'let me advise you'.
שָׁל֣וֹםpeaceN c · שָׁלוֹם (H7965)Construct chain (genitival)שָׁלוֹם (H7965) 'peace'.
שִׂמְחָֽהwith joyN c · שִׂמְחָה (H8057)Construct chain (genitival)שִׂמְחָה (H8057) 'with joy'.
21
לֹא יְאֻנֶּ֣ה לַצַּדִּ֣יק כָּל אָ֑וֶן וּ֝רְשָׁעִ֗ים מָ֣לְאוּ רָֽע
There shall no evil happen to the just: but the wicked shall be filled with mischief.
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'caused to happen'.
Word-by-word analysis· 8 words
לֹאnotneg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'not'.
יְאֻנֶּ֣הcaused to happenPual impf 3ms · אָנָה (H579)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalאָנָה (H579) 'caused to happen'.
לַצַּדִּ֣יקrighteousprep + art + Adj · צַדִּיק (H6662)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)צַדִּיק (H6662) 'righteous'.
כָּלallN c · כֹּל (H3605)Construct chain (genitival)כֹּל (H3605) 'all'.
אָ֑וֶןiniquityN c · אוֹן (H205)Construct chain (genitival)אוֹן (H205) 'iniquity'.
וּ֝רְשָׁעִ֗יםthe wickedconj וְ + Adj · רָשָׁע (H7563)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)רָשָׁע (H7563) 'the wicked'.
מָ֣לְאוּthey have fully followedQal perf 3cp · מָלֵא (H4390)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actמָלֵא (H4390) 'they have fully followed'.
רָֽעbadAdj · רַע (H7451)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)רַע (H7451) 'bad'.
22
תּוֹעֲבַ֣ת יְ֭הוָה שִׂפְתֵי שָׁ֑קֶר וְעֹשֵׂ֖י אֱמוּנָ֣ה רְצוֹנֽוֹ
Lying lips abomination to YHWH: but they that deal truly his delight.
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Participle — attendant circumstance or substantival actor. Lead predicate is 'and make'.
Word-by-word analysis· 7 words
תּוֹעֲבַ֣תan abomination ofN c · תּוֹעֵבָה (H8441)Construct chain (genitival)תּוֹעֵבָה (H8441) 'an abomination of'.
יְ֭הוָהYHWHN · יְהוָה (H3068)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוָה (H3068) 'YHWH'.
שִׂפְתֵיthe edge ofN c · שָׂפָה (H8193)Construct chain (genitival)שָׂפָה (H8193) 'the edge of'.
שָׁ֑קֶרfalsehoodN c · שֶׁקֶר (H8267)Construct chain (genitival)שֶׁקֶר (H8267) 'falsehood'.
וְעֹשֵׂ֖יand makeconj וְ + Qal ptc mp · עָשָׂה (H6213)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorעָשָׂה (H6213) 'and make'.
אֱמוּנָ֣הfaithfulnessN c · אֱמוּנָה (H530)Construct chain (genitival)אֱמוּנָה (H530) 'faithfulness'.
רְצוֹנֽוֹfavorN c · רָצוֹן (H7522)Construct chain (genitival)רָצוֹן (H7522) 'favor'.
23
אָדָ֣ם עָ֭רוּם כֹּ֣סֶה דָּ֑עַת וְלֵ֥ב כְּ֝סִילִ֗ים יִקְרָ֥א אִוֶּֽלֶת
A prudent man concealeth knowledge: but the heart of fools proclaimeth foolishness.
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Participle — attendant circumstance or substantival actor. Lead predicate is 'it covers'. Speech formula or quoted address.
Word-by-word analysis· 8 words
אָדָ֣םmanN c · אָדָם (H120)Construct chain (genitival)אָדָם (H120) 'man'.
עָ֭רוּםcraftyAdj · עָרוּם (H6175)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עָרוּם (H6175) 'crafty'.
כֹּ֣סֶהit coversQal ptc ms · כָּסָה (H3680)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorכָּסָה (H3680) 'it covers'.
דָּ֑עַתknowledgeN c · דַּעַת (H1847)Construct chain (genitival)דַּעַת (H1847) 'knowledge'.
וְלֵ֥בhis heartconj וְ + N com m sg constr · לֵב (H3820)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)לֵב (H3820) 'his heart'.
כְּ֝סִילִ֗יםandAdj · כְּסִיל (H3684)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)כְּסִיל (H3684) 'and'.
יִקְרָ֥אshall be calledQal impf 3ms · קָרָא (H7121)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalקָרָא (H7121) 'shall be called'.
אִוֶּֽלֶתfollyN c · אִוֶּלֶת (H200)Construct chain (genitival)אִוֶּלֶת (H200) 'folly'.
24
יַד חָרוּצִ֥ים תִּמְשׁ֑וֹל ו֝רְמִיָּ֗ה תִּהְיֶ֥ה לָמַֽס
The hand of the diligent shall bear rule: but the slothful shall be under tribute.
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'ruling'.
Word-by-word analysis· 6 words
יַדthe hand ofN c · יָד (H3027)Construct chain (genitival)יָד (H3027) 'the hand of'.
חָרוּצִ֥יםinAdj · חֲרוּץ (H2742)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)חֲרוּץ (H2742) 'in'.
תִּמְשׁ֑וֹלrulingQal impf 3fs · מָשַׁל (H4910)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalמָשַׁל (H4910) 'ruling'.
ו֝רְמִיָּ֗הdeceit(-fulconj וְ + N com f sg abs · רְמִיָּה (H7423)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)רְמִיָּה (H7423) 'deceit(-ful'.
תִּהְיֶ֥הshall beQal impf 3fs · הָיָה (H1961)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalהָיָה (H1961) 'shall be'.
לָמַֽסforced laborprep + N com m sg abs · מַס (H4522)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מַס (H4522) 'forced labor'.
25
דְּאָגָ֣ה בְלֶב אִ֣ישׁ יַשְׁחֶ֑נָּה וְדָבָ֖ר ט֣וֹב יְשַׂמְּחֶֽנָּה
Heaviness in the heart of man maketh it stoop: but a good word maketh it glad.
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'and he bowed down'.
Word-by-word analysis· 7 words
דְּאָגָ֣הout of anxietyN c · דְּאָגָה (H1674)Construct chain (genitival)דְּאָגָה (H1674) 'out of anxiety'.
בְלֶבin the heart ofprep + N com m sg constr · לֵב (H3820)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)לֵב (H3820) 'in the heart of'.
אִ֣ישׁa manN c · אִישׁ (H376)Construct chain (genitival)אִישׁ (H376) 'a man'.
יַשְׁחֶ֑נָּהand he bowed downHiphil impf 3ms + sfx 3fs · שָׁחָה (H7812)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalשָׁחָה (H7812) 'and he bowed down'.
וְדָבָ֖רand the word ofconj וְ + N com m sg abs · דָּבָר (H1697)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)דָּבָר (H1697) 'and the word of'.
ט֣וֹבgoodAdj · טוֹב (H2896)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)טוֹב (H2896) 'good'.
יְשַׂמְּחֶֽנָּהand you shall rejoicePiel impf 3ms + sfx 3fs · שָׂמַח (H8055)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalשָׂמַח (H8055) 'and you shall rejoice'.
26
יָתֵ֣ר מֵרֵעֵ֣הוּ צַדִּ֑יק וְדֶ֖רֶךְ רְשָׁעִ֣ים תַּתְעֵֽם
The righteous more excellent than his neighbour: but the way of the wicked seduceth them.
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'to scout out'.
Word-by-word analysis· 6 words
יָתֵ֣רto scout outHiphil impf 3ms · תּוּר (H8446)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalתּוּר (H8446) 'to scout out'.
מֵרֵעֵ֣הוּfrom his neighborprep + N com m sg constr + sfx 3ms · רֵעַ (H7453)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)רֵעַ (H7453) 'from his neighbor'.
צַדִּ֑יקrighteousAdj · צַדִּיק (H6662)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)צַדִּיק (H6662) 'righteous'.
וְדֶ֖רֶךְon the wayconj וְ + N com c sg constr · דֶּרֶךְ (H1870)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)דֶּרֶךְ (H1870) 'on the way'.
רְשָׁעִ֣יםthe wickedAdj · רָשָׁע (H7563)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)רָשָׁע (H7563) 'the wicked'.
תַּתְעֵֽםwanderingHiphil impf 3fs + sfx 3mp · תָּעָה (H8582)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalתָּעָה (H8582) 'wandering'.
27
לֹא יַחֲרֹ֣ךְ רְמִיָּ֣ה צֵיד֑וֹ וְהוֹן אָדָ֖ם יָקָ֣ר חָרֽוּץ
The slothful roasteth not that which he took in hunting: but the substance of a diligent man precious.
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'roast'.
Word-by-word analysis· 8 words
לֹאnotneg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'not'.
יַחֲרֹ֣ךְroastQal impf 3ms · חָרַךְ (H2760)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalחָרַךְ (H2760) 'roast'.
רְמִיָּ֣הdeceit(-fulN c · רְמִיָּה (H7423)Construct chain (genitival)רְמִיָּה (H7423) 'deceit(-ful'.
צֵיד֑וֹgameN c · צַיִד (H6718)Construct chain (genitival)צַיִד (H6718) 'game'.
וְהוֹןenoughconj וְ + N com m sg abs · הוֹן (H1952)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)הוֹן (H1952) 'enough'.
אָדָ֖םmanN c · אָדָם (H120)Construct chain (genitival)אָדָם (H120) 'man'.
יָקָ֣רbrightnessAdj · יָקָר (H3368)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יָקָר (H3368) 'brightness'.
חָרֽוּץdecisionAdj · חֲרוּץ (H2742)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)חֲרוּץ (H2742) 'decision'.
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בְּאֹֽרַח צְדָקָ֥ה חַיִּ֑ים וְדֶ֖רֶךְ נְתִיבָ֣ה אַל מָֽוֶת
In the way of righteousness life; and the pathway no death.
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Nominal or particle frame. Closes the chapter.
Word-by-word analysis· 7 words
בְּאֹֽרַחthe way ofprep + N com c sg constr · אֹרַח (H734)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֹרַח (H734) 'the way of'.
צְדָקָ֥הrighteousnessN c · צְדָקָה (H6666)Construct chain (genitival)צְדָקָה (H6666) 'righteousness'.
חַיִּ֑יםaliveN c · חַי (H2416)Construct chain (genitival)חַי (H2416) 'alive'.
וְדֶ֖רֶךְon the wayconj וְ + N com c sg constr · דֶּרֶךְ (H1870)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)דֶּרֶךְ (H1870) 'on the way'.
נְתִיבָ֣הmy pathsN c · נְתִיבָה (H5410)Construct chain (genitival)נְתִיבָה (H5410) 'my paths'.
אַלdo notneg. · אַל (H408)Particle or relational elementאַל (H408) 'do not'.
מָֽוֶתthe death ofN c · מָוֶת (H4194)Construct chain (genitival)מָוֶת (H4194) 'the death of'.