1
שִׁמְעוּ נָ֕א אֵ֥ת אֲשֶׁר יְהוָ֖ה אֹמֵ֑ר ק֚וּם רִ֣יב אֶת הֶהָרִ֔ים וְתִשְׁמַ֥עְנָה הַגְּבָע֖וֹת קוֹלֶֽךָ
Hear you now what YHWH says; Arise, contend you before the mountains, and let the hills hear your voice.
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Imperative — volitional address. Lead predicate is 'his hearing'. Opens the chapter. Speech formula or quoted address.
Word-by-word analysis· 13 words
שִׁמְעוּhis hearingQal impv 2mp · שָׁמַע (H8085)Predicate verb (imperative)→ Volitional: imperativeשָׁמַע (H8085) 'his hearing'.
נָ֕אpleaseparticle · נָא (H4994)Particle or relational elementנָא (H4994) 'please'.
אֵ֥ת(obj)obj marker · אֵת (H853)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H853) '(obj)'.
אֲשֶׁרthatrel. שֶׁ · אֲשֶׁר (H834)Particle or relational elementאֲשֶׁר (H834) 'that'.
יְהוָ֖הYHWHN · יְהוָה (H3068)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוָה (H3068) 'YHWH'.
אֹמֵ֑רhe saidQal ptc ms · אָמַר (H559)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorאָמַר (H559) 'he said'.
ק֚וּםriseQal impv 2ms · קוּם (H6965)Predicate verb (imperative)→ Volitional: imperativeקוּם (H6965) 'rise'.
רִ֣יבand quarreledQal impv 2ms · רִיב (H7378)Predicate verb (imperative)→ Volitional: imperativeרִיב (H7378) 'and quarreled'.
אֶתwithprep · אֵת (H854)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H854) 'with'.
הֶהָרִ֔יםthe mountainsart + N com m pl abs · הַר (H2022)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)הַר (H2022) 'the mountains'.
וְתִשְׁמַ֥עְנָהand he heardconj וְ + Qal impf 3fp · שָׁמַע (H8085)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalשָׁמַע (H8085) 'and he heard'.
הַגְּבָע֖וֹתthe hillsart + N com f pl abs · גִּבְעָה (H1389)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)גִּבְעָה (H1389) 'the hills'.
קוֹלֶֽךָto the voice ofN c · קוֹל (H6963)Construct chain (genitival)קוֹל (H6963) 'to the voice of'.
2
שִׁמְע֤וּ הָרִים֙ אֶת רִ֣יב יְהוָ֔ה וְהָאֵתָנִ֖ים מֹ֣סְדֵי אָ֑רֶץ כִּ֣י רִ֤יב לַֽיהוָה֙ עִם עַמּ֔וֹ וְעִם יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל יִתְוַכָּֽח
Hear you, O mountains, YHWH's controversy, and you strong foundations of the earth: for YHWH has a controversy with his people, and he will plead with Israel.
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Imperative — volitional address. Lead predicate is 'his hearing'.
Word-by-word analysis· 16 words
שִׁמְע֤וּhis hearingQal impv 2mp · שָׁמַע (H8085)Predicate verb (imperative)→ Volitional: imperativeשָׁמַע (H8085) 'his hearing'.
הָרִים֙hillsN c · הַר (H2022)Construct chain (genitival)הַר (H2022) 'hills'.
אֶת(obj)obj marker · אֵת (H853)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H853) '(obj)'.
רִ֣יבdisputeN c · רִיב (H7379)Construct chain (genitival)רִיב (H7379) 'dispute'.
יְהוָ֔הYHWHN · יְהוָה (H3068)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוָה (H3068) 'YHWH'.
וְהָאֵתָנִ֖יםever-flowingconj וְ + art + Adj · אֵיתָן (H386)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֵיתָן (H386) 'ever-flowing'.
מֹ֣סְדֵיthe foundations ofN c · מוֹסָד (H4146)Construct chain (genitival)מוֹסָד (H4146) 'the foundations of'.
אָ֑רֶץthe land ofN c · אֶרֶץ (H776)Construct chain (genitival)אֶרֶץ (H776) 'the land of'.
כִּ֣יforconj וְ · כִּי (H3588)Particle or relational elementכִּי (H3588) 'for'.
רִ֤יבdisputeN c · רִיב (H7379)Construct chain (genitival)רִיב (H7379) 'dispute'.
לַֽיהוָה֙to YHWHprep + N proper · יְהוָה (H3068)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוָה (H3068) 'to YHWH'.
עִםwithprep · עִם (H5973)Particle or relational elementעִם (H5973) 'with'.
עַמּ֔וֹhis peopleN c · עַם (H5971)Construct chain (genitival)עַם (H5971) 'his people'.
וְעִםand withconj וְ + prep · עִם (H5973)Particle or relational elementעִם (H5973) 'and with'.
יִשְׂרָאֵ֖לIsraelN · יִשְׂרָאֵל (H3478)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יִשְׂרָאֵל (H3478) 'Israel'.
יִתְוַכָּֽחand you are vindicatedHithpael impf 3ms · יָכַח (H3198)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalיָכַח (H3198) 'and you are vindicated'.
3
עַמִּ֛י מֶה עָשִׂ֥יתִי לְךָ֖ וּמָ֣ה הֶלְאֵתִ֑יךָ עֲנֵ֥ה בִּֽי
O my people, what have I done to you? and wherein have I wearied you? testify against me.
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Qatal — perfective or stative predication. Lead predicate is 'I have done'.
Word-by-word analysis· 8 words
עַמִּ֛יmy peopleN c · עַם (H5971)Construct chain (genitival)עַם (H5971) 'my people'.
מֶהwhatinterrog. · מָה (H4100)Particle or relational elementמָה (H4100) 'what'.
עָשִׂ֥יתִיI have doneQal perf 1cs · עָשָׂה (H6213)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actעָשָׂה (H6213) 'I have done'.
לְךָ֖to youprep + sfx 2msParticle or relational elementFunction word: 'to you'.
וּמָ֣הand whatconj וְ + interrog. · מָה (H4100)Particle or relational elementמָה (H4100) 'and what'.
הֶלְאֵתִ֑יךָand they will be unableHiphil perf 1cs + sfx 2ms · לָאָה (H3811)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actלָאָה (H3811) 'and they will be unable'.
עֲנֵ֥הhas testifiedQal impv 2ms · עָנָה (H6030)Predicate verb (imperative)→ Volitional: imperativeעָנָה (H6030) 'has testified'.
בִּֽיagainst meprep + sfx 1csParticle or relational elementFunction word: 'against me'.
4
כִּ֤י הֶעֱלִתִ֨יךָ֙ מֵאֶ֣רֶץ מִצְרַ֔יִם וּמִבֵּ֥ית עֲבָדִ֖ים פְּדִיתִ֑יךָ וָאֶשְׁלַ֣ח לְפָנֶ֔יךָ אֶת מֹשֶׁ֖ה אַהֲרֹ֥ן וּמִרְיָֽם
For I brought you up out of the land of Egypt, and redeemed you out of the house of servants; and I sent before you Moses, Aaron, and Miriam.
kî-clause (causal, recitative, or evidential). Qatal — perfective or stative predication. Lead predicate is 'and he went up'.
Word-by-word analysis· 13 words
כִּ֤יforconj וְ · כִּי (H3588)Particle or relational elementכִּי (H3588) 'for'.
הֶעֱלִתִ֨יךָ֙and he went upHiphil perf 1cs + sfx 2ms · עָלָה (H5927)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actעָלָה (H5927) 'and he went up'.
מֵאֶ֣רֶץfrom the land ofprep + N com c sg constr · אֶרֶץ (H776)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֶרֶץ (H776) 'from the land of'.
מִצְרַ֔יִםEgyptN · מִצְרַיִם (H4714)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מִצְרַיִם (H4714) 'Egypt'.
וּמִבֵּ֥יתand from the house ofconj וְ + prep + N com m sg constr · בַּיִת (H1004)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)בַּיִת (H1004) 'and from the house of'.
עֲבָדִ֖יםslavesN c · עֶבֶד (H5650)Construct chain (genitival)עֶבֶד (H5650) 'slaves'.
פְּדִיתִ֑יךָyou shall redeemQal perf 1cs + sfx 2ms · פָּדָה (H6299)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actפָּדָה (H6299) 'you shall redeem'.
וָאֶשְׁלַ֣חand I sentconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 1cs · שָׁלַח (H7971)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceשָׁלַח (H7971) 'and I sent'.
לְפָנֶ֔יךָbefore youprep + N com c pl constr + sfx 2ms · פָּנִים (H6440)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)פָּנִים (H6440) 'before you'.
אֶת(obj)obj marker · אֵת (H853)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H853) '(obj)'.
מֹשֶׁ֖הMosesN · מֹשֶׁה (H4872)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מֹשֶׁה (H4872) 'Moses'.
אַהֲרֹ֥ןAaronN · אַהֲרֹן (H175)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אַהֲרֹן (H175) 'Aaron'.
וּמִרְיָֽםand Miriamconj וְ + N proper · מִרְיָם (H4813)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מִרְיָם (H4813) 'and Miriam'.
5
עַמִּ֗י זְכָר נָא֙ מַה יָּעַ֗ץ בָּלָק֙ מֶ֣לֶךְ מוֹאָ֔ב וּמֶה עָנָ֥ה אֹת֖וֹ בִּלְעָ֣ם בֶּן בְּע֑וֹר מִן הַשִּׁטִּים֙ עַד הַגִּלְגָּ֔ל לְמַ֕עַן דַּ֖עַת צִדְק֥וֹת יְהוָֽה
O my people, remember now what Balak king of Moab consulted, and what Balaam the son of Beor answered him from Shittim to Gilgal; that you may know the righteousness of YHWH.
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Imperative — volitional address. Lead predicate is 'Remember'.
Word-by-word analysis· 22 words
עַמִּ֗יmy peopleN c · עַם (H5971)Construct chain (genitival)עַם (H5971) 'my people'.
זְכָרRememberQal impv 2ms · זָכַר (H2142)Predicate verb (imperative)→ Volitional: imperativeזָכַר (H2142) 'Remember'.
נָא֙pleaseparticle · נָא (H4994)Particle or relational elementנָא (H4994) 'please'.
מַהwhatinterrog. · מָה (H4100)Particle or relational elementמָה (H4100) 'what'.
יָּעַ֗ץlet me advise youQal perf 3ms · יָעַץ (H3289)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actיָעַץ (H3289) 'let me advise you'.
בָּלָק֙BalakN · בָּלָק (H1111)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)בָּלָק (H1111) 'Balak'.
מֶ֣לֶךְking ofN c · מֶלֶךְ (H4428)Construct chain (genitival)מֶלֶךְ (H4428) 'king of'.
מוֹאָ֔בMoabN · מוֹאָב (H4124)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מוֹאָב (H4124) 'Moab'.
וּמֶהand whatconj וְ + interrog. · מָה (H4100)Particle or relational elementמָה (H4100) 'and what'.
עָנָ֥הhas testifiedQal perf 3ms · עָנָה (H6030)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actעָנָה (H6030) 'has testified'.
אֹת֖וֹhimobj marker + sfx 3ms · אֵת (H853)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H853) 'him'.
בִּלְעָ֣םBalaamN · בִּלְעָם (H1109)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)בִּלְעָם (H1109) 'Balaam'.
בֶּןson ofN c · בֵּן (H1121)Construct chain (genitival)בֵּן (H1121) 'son of'.
בְּע֑וֹרBeorN · בְּעוֹר (H1160)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)בְּעוֹר (H1160) 'Beor'.
מִןfromprep · מִן (H4480)Particle or relational elementמִן (H4480) 'from'.
הַשִּׁטִּים֙Shittimart + N proper · הַשִּׁטִּים (H7851)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)הַשִּׁטִּים (H7851) 'Shittim'.
עַדuntilprep · עַד (H5704)Particle or relational elementעַד (H5704) 'until'.
הַגִּלְגָּ֔לGilgalart + N proper · גִּלְגָּל (H1537)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)גִּלְגָּל (H1537) 'Gilgal'.
לְמַ֕עַןso thatprep · לְמַעַן (H4616)Particle or relational elementלְמַעַן (H4616) 'so that'.
דַּ֖עַתmay knowQal inf constr · יָדַע (H3045)Infinitive construct→ Infinitive construct: purpose, result, or complementיָדַע (H3045) 'may know'.
צִדְק֥וֹתrighteous acts ofN c · צְדָקָה (H6666)Construct chain (genitival)צְדָקָה (H6666) 'righteous acts of'.
יְהוָֽהYHWHN · יְהוָה (H3068)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוָה (H3068) 'YHWH'.
6
בַּמָּה֙ אֲקַדֵּ֣ם יְהוָ֔ה אִכַּ֖ף לֵאלֹהֵ֣י מָר֑וֹם הַאֲקַדְּמֶ֣נּוּ בְעוֹל֔וֹת בַּעֲגָלִ֖ים בְּנֵ֥י שָׁנָֽה
Wherewith shall I come before YHWH, bow myself before the high God? shall I come before him with burnt offerings, with calves of a year old?
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'they met'.
Word-by-word analysis· 11 words
בַּמָּה֙in whatprep + interrog. · מָה (H4100)Particle or relational elementמָה (H4100) 'in what'.
אֲקַדֵּ֣םthey metPiel impf 1cs · קָדַם (H6923)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalקָדַם (H6923) 'they met'.
יְהוָ֔הYHWHN · יְהוָה (H3068)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוָה (H3068) 'YHWH'.
אִכַּ֖ףbow downN · כָּפַף (H3721)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)כָּפַף (H3721) 'bow down'.
לֵאלֹהֵ֣יto the God ofprep + N com m pl constr · אֱלֹהִים (H430)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֱלֹהִים (H430) 'to the God of'.
מָר֑וֹםthe heights ofN c · מָרוֹם (H4791)Construct chain (genitival)מָרוֹם (H4791) 'the heights of'.
הַאֲקַדְּמֶ֣נּוּthey metinterrog. + Piel impf 1cs + sfx 3ms · קָדַם (H6923)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalקָדַם (H6923) 'they met'.
בְעוֹל֔וֹתthe burnt offeringprep + N com f pl abs · עֹלָה (H5930)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עֹלָה (H5930) 'the burnt offering'.
בַּעֲגָלִ֖יםa calf ofprep + N com m pl abs · עֵגֶל (H5695)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עֵגֶל (H5695) 'a calf of'.
בְּנֵ֥יthe sons ofN c · בֵּן (H1121)Construct chain (genitival)בֵּן (H1121) 'the sons of'.
שָׁנָֽהyearsN c · שָׁנָה (H8141)Construct chain (genitival)שָׁנָה (H8141) 'years'.
7
הֲיִרְצֶ֤ה יְהוָה֙ בְּאַלְפֵ֣י אֵילִ֔ים בְּרִֽבְב֖וֹת נַֽחֲלֵי שָׁ֑מֶן הַאֶתֵּ֤ן בְּכוֹרִי֙ פִּשְׁעִ֔י פְּרִ֥י בִטְנִ֖י חַטַּ֥את נַפְשִֽׁי
Will YHWH be pleased with thousands of rams, with ten thousands of rivers of oil? shall I give my firstborn my transgression, the fruit of my body the sin of my soul?
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'it shall be accepted'.
Word-by-word analysis· 14 words
הֲיִרְצֶ֤הit shall be acceptedinterrog. + Qal impf 3ms · רָצָה (H7521)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalרָצָה (H7521) 'it shall be accepted'.
יְהוָה֙YHWHN · יְהוָה (H3068)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוָה (H3068) 'YHWH'.
בְּאַלְפֵ֣יthousandprep + Adj c · אֶלֶף (H505)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֶלֶף (H505) 'thousand'.
אֵילִ֔יםramsN c · אַיִל (H352)Construct chain (genitival)אַיִל (H352) 'rams'.
בְּרִֽבְב֖וֹתten thousandprep + N com f pl constr · רְבָבָה (H7233)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)רְבָבָה (H7233) 'ten thousand'.
נַֽחֲלֵיof streams ofN c · נַחַל (H5158)Construct chain (genitival)נַחַל (H5158) 'of streams of'.
שָׁ֑מֶןthe oil ofN c · שֶׁמֶן (H8081)Construct chain (genitival)שֶׁמֶן (H8081) 'the oil of'.
הַאֶתֵּ֤ןis givinginterrog. + Qal impf 1cs · נָתַן (H5414)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalנָתַן (H5414) 'is giving'.
בְּכוֹרִי֙the firstborn ofN c · בְּכוֹר (H1060)Construct chain (genitival)בְּכוֹר (H1060) 'the firstborn of'.
פִּשְׁעִ֔יmy transgressionN c · פֶשַע (H6588)Construct chain (genitival)פֶשַע (H6588) 'my transgression'.
פְּרִ֥יthe fruit ofN c · פְּרִי (H6529)Construct chain (genitival)פְּרִי (H6529) 'the fruit of'.
בִטְנִ֖יmy bodyN c · בֶּטֶן (H990)Construct chain (genitival)בֶּטֶן (H990) 'my body'.
חַטַּ֥אתas a sin offeringN c · חַטָּאת (H2403)Construct chain (genitival)חַטָּאת (H2403) 'as a sin offering'.
נַפְשִֽׁיmy soulN c · נֶפֶשׁ (H5315)Construct chain (genitival)נֶפֶשׁ (H5315) 'my soul'.
8
הִגִּ֥יד לְךָ֛ אָדָ֖ם מַה טּ֑וֹב וּמָֽה יְהוָ֞ה דּוֹרֵ֣שׁ מִמְּךָ֗ כִּ֣י אִם עֲשׂ֤וֹת מִשְׁפָּט֙ וְאַ֣הֲבַת חֶ֔סֶד וְהַצְנֵ֥עַ לֶ֖כֶת עִם אֱלֹהֶֽיךָ
He has shewed you, O man, what good; and what does YHWH require of you, but to do justly, and to love mercy, and to walk humbly with your God?
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Qatal — perfective or stative predication. Lead predicate is 'told'.
Word-by-word analysis· 19 words
הִגִּ֥ידtoldHiphil perf 3ms · נָגַד (H5046)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actנָגַד (H5046) 'told'.
לְךָ֛to youprep + sfx 2msParticle or relational elementFunction word: 'to you'.
אָדָ֖םmanN c · אָדָם (H120)Construct chain (genitival)אָדָם (H120) 'man'.
מַהwhatinterrog. · מָה (H4100)Particle or relational elementמָה (H4100) 'what'.
טּ֑וֹבgoodAdj · טוֹב (H2896)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)טוֹב (H2896) 'good'.
וּמָֽהand whatconj וְ + interrog. · מָה (H4100)Particle or relational elementמָה (H4100) 'and what'.
יְהוָ֞הYHWHN · יְהוָה (H3068)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוָה (H3068) 'YHWH'.
דּוֹרֵ֣שׁI will requireQal ptc ms · דָּרַשׁ (H1875)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorדָּרַשׁ (H1875) 'I will require'.
מִמְּךָ֗from youprep + sfx 2ms · מִן (H4480)Particle or relational elementמִן (H4480) 'from you'.
כִּ֣יforconj וְ · כִּי (H3588)Particle or relational elementכִּי (H3588) 'for'.
אִםifconj וְ · אִם (H518)Particle or relational elementאִם (H518) 'if'.
עֲשׂ֤וֹתto doQal inf constr · עָשָׂה (H6213)Infinitive construct→ Infinitive construct: purpose, result, or complementעָשָׂה (H6213) 'to do'.
מִשְׁפָּט֙judgmentN c · מִשְׁפָּט (H4941)Construct chain (genitival)מִשְׁפָּט (H4941) 'judgment'.
וְאַ֣הֲבַתout of the love ofconj וְ + N com f sg constr · אַהֲבָה (H160)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אַהֲבָה (H160) 'out of the love of'.
חֶ֔סֶדkindnessN c · חֶסֶד (H2617)Construct chain (genitival)חֶסֶד (H2617) 'kindness'.
וְהַצְנֵ֥עַandconj וְ + Hiphil inf abs · צָנַע (H6800)Infinitive absolute→ Infinitive absolute: emphasis or attendant actionצָנַע (H6800) 'and'.
לֶ֖כֶתand he wentQal inf constr · הָלַךְ (H3212)Infinitive construct→ Infinitive construct: purpose, result, or complementהָלַךְ (H3212) 'and he went'.
עִםwithprep · עִם (H5973)Particle or relational elementעִם (H5973) 'with'.
אֱלֹהֶֽיךָyour GodN c · אֱלֹהִים (H430)Construct chain (genitival)אֱלֹהִים (H430) 'your God'.
9
ק֤וֹל יְהוָה֙ לָעִ֣יר יִקְרָ֔א וְתוּשִׁיָּ֖ה יִרְאֶ֣ה שְׁמֶ֑ךָ שִׁמְע֥וּ מַטֶּ֖ה וּמִ֥י יְעָדָֽהּ
YHWH's voice crieth to the city, and wisdom shall see your name: hear you the rod, and who has appointed it.
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'shall be called'. Speech formula or quoted address.
Word-by-word analysis· 11 words
ק֤וֹלthe sound ofN c · קוֹל (H6963)Construct chain (genitival)קוֹל (H6963) 'the sound of'.
יְהוָה֙YHWHN · יְהוָה (H3068)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוָה (H3068) 'YHWH'.
לָעִ֣ירthe cityprep + art + N com f sg abs · עִיר (H5892)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עִיר (H5892) 'the city'.
יִקְרָ֔אshall be calledQal impf 3ms · קָרָא (H7121)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalקָרָא (H7121) 'shall be called'.
וְתוּשִׁיָּ֖הenterpriseconj וְ + N com f sg abs · תּוּשִׁיָּה (H8454)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)תּוּשִׁיָּה (H8454) 'enterprise'.
יִרְאֶ֣הshe was afraidQal impf 3ms · יָרֵא (H3372)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalיָרֵא (H3372) 'she was afraid'.
שְׁמֶ֑ךָyour nameN c · שֵׁם (H8034)Construct chain (genitival)שֵׁם (H8034) 'your name'.
שִׁמְע֥וּhis hearingQal impv 2mp · שָׁמַע (H8085)Predicate verb (imperative)→ Volitional: imperativeשָׁמַע (H8085) 'his hearing'.
מַטֶּ֖הthe tribe ofN c · מַטֶּה (H4294)Construct chain (genitival)מַטֶּה (H4294) 'the tribe of'.
וּמִ֥יand whoconj וְ + interrog. · מִי (H4310)Particle or relational elementמִי (H4310) 'and who'.
יְעָדָֽהּhe designated herQal perf 3ms + sfx 3fs · יָעַד (H3259)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actיָעַד (H3259) 'he designated her'.
10
ע֗וֹד הַאִשׁ֙ בֵּ֣ית רָשָׁ֔ע אֹצְר֖וֹת רֶ֑שַׁע וְאֵיפַ֥ת רָז֖וֹן זְעוּמָֽה
Are there yet the treasures of wickedness in the house of the wicked, and the scant measure abominable?
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Participle — attendant circumstance or substantival actor. Lead predicate is 'denounce'.
Word-by-word analysis· 9 words
ע֗וֹדagainart · עוֹד (H5750)Particle or relational elementעוֹד (H5750) 'again'.
הַאִשׁ֙are thereinterrog. + particle · אִשׁ (H786)Particle or relational elementאִשׁ (H786) 'are there'.
בֵּ֣יתthe house ofN c · בַּיִת (H1004)Construct chain (genitival)בַּיִת (H1004) 'the house of'.
רָשָׁ֔עthe wickedAdj · רָשָׁע (H7563)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)רָשָׁע (H7563) 'the wicked'.
אֹצְר֖וֹתthe treasury ofN c · אוֹצָר (H214)Construct chain (genitival)אוֹצָר (H214) 'the treasury of'.
רֶ֑שַׁעtheir wickednessN c · רֶשַׁע (H7562)Construct chain (genitival)רֶשַׁע (H7562) 'their wickedness'.
וְאֵיפַ֥תan ephahconj וְ + N com f sg constr · אֵיפָה (H374)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֵיפָה (H374) 'an ephah'.
רָז֖וֹןleannessN c · רָזוֹן (H7332)Construct chain (genitival)רָזוֹן (H7332) 'leanness'.
זְעוּמָֽהdenounceQal ptc fs · זָעַם (H2194)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorזָעַם (H2194) 'denounce'.
11
הַאֶזְכֶּ֖ה בְּמֹ֣אזְנֵי רֶ֑שַׁע וּבְכִ֖יס אַבְנֵ֥י מִרְמָֽה
Shall I count pure with the wicked balances, and with the bag of deceitful weights?
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'be (make) clean'.
Word-by-word analysis· 6 words
הַאֶזְכֶּ֖הbe (make) cleaninterrog. + Qal impf 1cs · זָכָה (H2135)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalזָכָה (H2135) 'be (make) clean'.
בְּמֹ֣אזְנֵיbalances ofprep + N com m du constr · מֹאזְנַיִם (H3976)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מֹאזְנַיִם (H3976) 'balances of'.
רֶ֑שַׁעtheir wickednessN c · רֶשַׁע (H7562)Construct chain (genitival)רֶשַׁע (H7562) 'their wickedness'.
וּבְכִ֖יסin your bagconj וְ + prep + N com m sg constr · כִּיס (H3599)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)כִּיס (H3599) 'in your bag'.
אַבְנֵ֥יstones ofN c · אֶבֶן (H68)Construct chain (genitival)אֶבֶן (H68) 'stones of'.
מִרְמָֽהwith deceitN c · מִרְמָה (H4820)Construct chain (genitival)מִרְמָה (H4820) 'with deceit'.
12
אֲשֶׁ֤ר עֲשִׁירֶ֨יהָ֙ מָלְא֣וּ חָמָ֔ס וְיֹשְׁבֶ֖יהָ דִּבְּרוּ שָׁ֑קֶר וּלְשׁוֹנָ֖ם רְמִיָּ֥ה בְּפִיהֶֽם
For the rich men thereof are full of violence, and the inhabitants thereof have spoken lies, and their tongue deceitful in their mouth.
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Qatal — perfective or stative predication. Lead predicate is 'they have fully followed'. Speech formula or quoted address.
Word-by-word analysis· 10 words
אֲשֶׁ֤רthatrel. שֶׁ · אֲשֶׁר (H834)Particle or relational elementאֲשֶׁר (H834) 'that'.
עֲשִׁירֶ֨יהָ֙the rich (one)Adj · עָשִׁיר (H6223)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עָשִׁיר (H6223) 'the rich (one)'.
מָלְא֣וּthey have fully followedQal perf 3cp · מָלֵא (H4390)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actמָלֵא (H4390) 'they have fully followed'.
חָמָ֔סviolenceN c · חָמָס (H2555)Construct chain (genitival)חָמָס (H2555) 'violence'.
וְיֹשְׁבֶ֖יהָthe inhabitants ofconj וְ + Qal ptc mp + sfx 3fs · יָשַׁב (H3427)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorיָשַׁב (H3427) 'the inhabitants of'.
דִּבְּרוּhe spoke itPiel perf 3cp · דִּבֶּר (H1696)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actדִּבֶּר (H1696) 'he spoke it'.
שָׁ֑קֶרfalsehoodN c · שֶׁקֶר (H8267)Construct chain (genitival)שֶׁקֶר (H8267) 'falsehood'.
וּלְשׁוֹנָ֖םby their languagesconj וְ + N com c sg constr + sfx 3mp · לָשׁוֹן (H3956)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)לָשׁוֹן (H3956) 'by their languages'.
רְמִיָּ֥הdeceit(-fulN c · רְמִיָּה (H7423)Construct chain (genitival)רְמִיָּה (H7423) 'deceit(-ful'.
בְּפִיהֶֽםin their mouthsprep + N com m sg constr + sfx 3mp · פֶּה (H6310)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)פֶּה (H6310) 'in their mouths'.
13
וְגַם אֲנִ֖י הֶחֱלֵ֣יתִי הַכּוֹתֶ֑ךָ הַשְׁמֵ֖ם עַל חַטֹּאתֶֽךָ
Therefore also will I make sick in smiting you, in making desolate because of your sins.
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Qatal — perfective or stative predication. Lead predicate is 'inflicted'.
Word-by-word analysis· 7 words
וְגַםand alsoconj וְ + particle · גַּם (H1571)Particle or relational elementגַּם (H1571) 'and also'.
אֲנִ֖יIpron 1cs · אֲנִי (H589)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֲנִי (H589) 'I'.
הֶחֱלֵ֣יתִיinflictedHiphil perf 1cs · חָלָה (H2470)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actחָלָה (H2470) 'inflicted'.
הַכּוֹתֶ֑ךָand he struckHiphil inf constr + sfx 2ms · הִכָּה (H5221)Infinitive construct→ Infinitive construct: purpose, result, or complementהִכָּה (H5221) 'and he struck'.
הַשְׁמֵ֖םand I will desolateHiphil inf abs · שָׁמֵם (H8074)Infinitive absolute→ Infinitive absolute: emphasis or attendant actionשָׁמֵם (H8074) 'and I will desolate'.
עַלonprep · עַל (H5921)Particle or relational elementעַל (H5921) 'on'.
חַטֹּאתֶֽךָyour purification offeringN c · חַטָּאת (H2403)Construct chain (genitival)חַטָּאת (H2403) 'your purification offering'.
14
אַתָּ֤ה תֹאכַל֙ וְלֹ֣א תִשְׂבָּ֔ע וְיֶשְׁחֲךָ֖ בְּקִרְבֶּ֑ךָ וְתַסֵּג֙ וְלֹ֣א תַפְלִ֔יט וַאֲשֶׁ֥ר תְּפַלֵּ֖ט לַחֶ֥רֶב אֶתֵּֽן
You shall eat, but not be satisfied; and your casting down in the midst of you; and you shall take hold, but shall not deliver; and which you deliverest will I give up to the sword.
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'you shall eat'.
Word-by-word analysis· 13 words
אַתָּ֤הyoupron 2ms · אַתָּה (H859)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אַתָּה (H859) 'you'.
תֹאכַל֙you shall eatQal impf 2ms · אָכַל (H398)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalאָכַל (H398) 'you shall eat'.
וְלֹ֣אand notconj וְ + neg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'and not'.
תִשְׂבָּ֔עand be satisfiedQal impf 2ms · שָׂבַע (H7646)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalשָׂבַע (H7646) 'and be satisfied'.
וְיֶשְׁחֲךָ֖andconj וְ + N com m sg constr + sfx 2ms · יֶשַׁח (H3445)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יֶשַׁח (H3445) 'and'.
בְּקִרְבֶּ֑ךָin your midstprep + N com m sg constr + sfx 2ms · קֶרֶב (H7130)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)קֶרֶב (H7130) 'in your midst'.
וְתַסֵּג֙you shall moveconj וְ + Hiphil impf 2ms · נָסַג (H5253)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalנָסַג (H5253) 'you shall move'.
וְלֹ֣אand notconj וְ + neg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'and not'.
תַפְלִ֔יטandHiphil impf 2ms · פָּלַט (H6403)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalפָּלַט (H6403) 'and'.
וַאֲשֶׁ֥רand whoconj וְ + rel. שֶׁ · אֲשֶׁר (H834)Particle or relational elementאֲשֶׁר (H834) 'and who'.
תְּפַלֵּ֖טandPiel impf 2ms · פָּלַט (H6403)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalפָּלַט (H6403) 'and'.
לַחֶ֥רֶבby the swordprep + art + N com f sg abs · חֶרֶב (H2719)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)חֶרֶב (H2719) 'by the sword'.
אֶתֵּֽןI will giveQal impf 1cs · נָתַן (H5414)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalנָתַן (H5414) 'I will give'.
15
אַתָּ֥ה תִזְרַ֖ע וְלֹ֣א תִקְצ֑וֹר אַתָּ֤ה תִדְרֹֽךְ זַ֨יִת֙ וְלֹא תָס֣וּךְ שֶׁ֔מֶן וְתִיר֖וֹשׁ וְלֹ֥א תִשְׁתֶּה יָּֽיִן
You shall sow, but you shall not reap; you shall tread the olives, but you shall not anoint you with oil; and sweet wine, but shall not drink wine.
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'you shall sow'.
Word-by-word analysis· 14 words
אַתָּ֥הyoupron 2ms · אַתָּה (H859)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אַתָּה (H859) 'you'.
תִזְרַ֖עyou shall sowQal impf 2ms · זָרַע (H2232)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalזָרַע (H2232) 'you shall sow'.
וְלֹ֣אand notconj וְ + neg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'and not'.
תִקְצ֑וֹרshall you reapQal impf 2ms · קָצַר (H7114)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalקָצַר (H7114) 'shall you reap'.
אַתָּ֤הyoupron 2ms · אַתָּה (H859)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אַתָּה (H859) 'you'.
תִדְרֹֽךְtreadsQal impf 2ms · דָּרַךְ (H1869)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalדָּרַךְ (H1869) 'treads'.
זַ֨יִת֙oliveN c · זַיִת (H2132)Construct chain (genitival)זַיִת (H2132) 'olive'.
וְלֹאand notconj וְ + neg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'and not'.
תָס֣וּךְyou will anoint yourselfQal impf 2ms · סוּךְ (H5480)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalסוּךְ (H5480) 'you will anoint yourself'.
שֶׁ֔מֶןthe oil ofN c · שֶׁמֶן (H8081)Construct chain (genitival)שֶׁמֶן (H8081) 'the oil of'.
וְתִיר֖וֹשׁand new wineconj וְ + N com m sg abs · תִּירוֹשׁ (H8492)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)תִּירוֹשׁ (H8492) 'and new wine'.
וְלֹ֥אand notconj וְ + neg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'and not'.
תִשְׁתֶּהit drinksQal impf 2ms · שָׁתָה (H8354)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalשָׁתָה (H8354) 'it drinks'.
יָּֽיִןwineN c · יַיִן (H3196)Construct chain (genitival)יַיִן (H3196) 'wine'.
16
וְיִשְׁתַּמֵּ֞ר חֻקּ֣וֹת עָמְרִ֗י וְכֹל֙ מַעֲשֵׂ֣ה בֵית אַחְאָ֔ב וַתֵּלְכ֖וּ בְּמֹֽעֲצוֹתָ֑ם לְמַעַן֩ תִּתִּ֨י אֹתְךָ֜ לְשַׁמָּ֗ה וְיֹשְׁבֶ֨יהָ֙ לִשְׁרֵקָ֔ה וְחֶרְפַּ֥ת עַמִּ֖י תִּשָּֽׂאוּ
For the statutes of Omri are kept, and all the works of the house of Ahab, and you walk in their counsels; that I should make you a desolation, and the inhabitants thereof an hissing: therefore you shall bear the reproach of my people.
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'and you shall keep'. Closes the chapter.
Word-by-word analysis· 18 words
וְיִשְׁתַּמֵּ֞רand you shall keepconj וְ + Hithpael impf 3ms · שָׁמַר (H8104)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalשָׁמַר (H8104) 'and you shall keep'.
חֻקּ֣וֹתa statute ofN c · חֻקָּה (H2708)Construct chain (genitival)חֻקָּה (H2708) 'a statute of'.
עָמְרִ֗יOmriN · עׇמְרִי (H6018)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עׇמְרִי (H6018) 'Omri'.
וְכֹל֙and allconj וְ + N com m sg constr · כֹּל (H3605)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)כֹּל (H3605) 'and all'.
מַעֲשֵׂ֣הthe work ofN c · מַעֲשֶׂה (H4639)Construct chain (genitival)מַעֲשֶׂה (H4639) 'the work of'.
בֵיתthe house ofN c · בַּיִת (H1004)Construct chain (genitival)בַּיִת (H1004) 'the house of'.
אַחְאָ֔בAhabN · אַחְאָב (H256)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אַחְאָב (H256) 'Ahab'.
וַתֵּלְכ֖וּand he wentconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 2mp · הָלַךְ (H3212)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceהָלַךְ (H3212) 'and he went'.
בְּמֹֽעֲצוֹתָ֑םinprep + N com f pl constr + sfx 3mp · מוֹעֵצָה (H4156)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מוֹעֵצָה (H4156) 'in'.
לְמַעַן֩so thatprep · לְמַעַן (H4616)Particle or relational elementלְמַעַן (H4616) 'so that'.
תִּתִּ֨יmy giving herQal inf constr + sfx 1cs · נָתַן (H5414)Infinitive construct→ Infinitive construct: purpose, result, or complementנָתַן (H5414) 'my giving her'.
אֹתְךָ֜you [obj]obj marker + sfx 2ms · אֵת (H853)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H853) 'you [obj]'.
לְשַׁמָּ֗הa horrorprep + N com f sg abs · שַׁמָּה (H8047)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שַׁמָּה (H8047) 'a horror'.
וְיֹשְׁבֶ֨יהָ֙the inhabitants ofconj וְ + Qal ptc mp + sfx 3fs · יָשַׁב (H3427)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorיָשַׁב (H3427) 'the inhabitants of'.
לִשְׁרֵקָ֔הtoprep + N com f sg abs · שְׁרֵקָה (H8322)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שְׁרֵקָה (H8322) 'to'.
וְחֶרְפַּ֥תa reproachconj וְ + N com f sg constr · חֶרְפָּה (H2781)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)חֶרְפָּה (H2781) 'a reproach'.
עַמִּ֖יmy peopleN c · עַם (H5971)Construct chain (genitival)עַם (H5971) 'my people'.
תִּשָּֽׂאוּyou shall bearQal impf 2mp · נָשָׂא (H5375)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalנָשָׂא (H5375) 'you shall bear'.