Hebrew Text · Translation · Interlinear · Discourse Structure

The Book of Judges, Chapter 16שפטים 16

Each verse opens with the running Hebrew, an English translation, and a discourse note (its connective, relation, and role in the argument). Below follows the word-by-word breakdown in six tiers: gloss, case/state or parsing, syntax, semantic force, and a lexical note.

Case Nominative Genitive Dative Accusative Vocative Verb (no case) Indeclinable

Discourse notes head each verse: relation · connective · clause-flow. Indentation marks prominence — flush-left = main line of argument; indented = supporting / subordinate material.

Theme

Judges 16 is the end of Samson: Gaza's gates, Delilah in Sorek, the Nazirite secret sold, eyes put out, and a last prayer that drops Dagon's house — more dead in his death than in his life.

Translation & textual notes

Delilah (v.4) is not called a Philistine; the lords pay her. The three false tests echo 15:13's new ropes. מורה (v.17) restates 13:5. Dagon (v.23) is named as Philistine god. The 'one of two eyes' revenge (v.28) is a grim arithmetic. Versification follows the MT.

1

וַיֵּ֥לֶךְ שִׁמְשׁ֖וֹן עַזָּ֑תָה וַיַּרְא שָׁם֙ אִשָּׁ֣ה זוֹנָ֔ה וַיָּבֹ֖א אֵלֶֽיהָ

And Samson went to Gaza and saw a prostitute there, and he went in to her.

Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action. Lead predicate is 'and he went'. Opens the chapter.
Word-by-word analysis· 9 words
וַיֵּ֥לֶךְand he wentconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · הָלַךְ (H3212)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceהָלַךְ (H3212).
שִׁמְשׁ֖וֹןSamsonN proper · H8123Proper nameH8123 'Samson'.
עַזָּ֑תָהGazaN proper + Sd · עַזָּה (H5804)Proper nameעַזָּה (H5804), Gaza, the southernmost of the Philistine cities, marking the geographic extent of Avvim settlement.
וַיַּרְאand he sawconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · רָאָה (H7200)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceרָאָה (H7200).
שָׁם֙thereart · שָׁם (H8033)Particle or relational elementשָׁם (H8033) 'there', with directional ה.
אִשָּׁ֣הa womanN com f sg abs · אִשָּׁה (H802)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אִשָּׁה (H802), woman, wife
זוֹנָ֔הa prostituteQal ptc fs · זָנָה (H2181)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorזָנָה (H2181) 'to be a harlot, act promiscuously'; explains the נְבָלָה as sexual unchastity, committed while still living, unmarried, in her father's house.
וַיָּבֹ֖אand he cameconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · בּוֹא (H935)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceבּוֹא (H935).
אֵלֶֽיהָto herprep + sfx 3fs · אֶל (H413)Prepositional phraseאֶל (H413) 'to, toward'.
2

לַֽעַזָּתִ֣ים לֵאמֹ֗ר בָּ֤א שִׁמְשׁוֹן֙ הֵ֔נָּה וַיָּסֹ֛בּוּ וַיֶּאֶרְבוּ ל֥וֹ כָל הַלַּ֖יְלָה בְּשַׁ֣עַר הָעִ֑יר וַיִּתְחָרְשׁ֤וּ כָל הַלַּ֨יְלָה֙ לֵאמֹ֔ר עַד א֥וֹר הַבֹּ֖קֶר וַהֲרְגְנֻֽהוּ

To the Gazites, saying, Samson has come here. And they surrounded and lay in wait for him all night at the city gate, and they kept quiet all night, saying, Until the morning light, and we will kill him.

Infinitive construct — purpose, result, or complementasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Infinitive construct — purpose, result, or complement. Lead predicate is 'saying'. Speech formula or quoted address.
Word-by-word analysis· 20 words
לַֽעַזָּתִ֣יםthe Gaziteprep + art + N proper · עַזָּתִי (H5841)Proper nameעַזָּתִי (H5841) 'of Gaza'; Gaza was the southernmost of the five Philistine cities, on the coastal highway to Egypt.
לֵאמֹ֗רsayingprep + Qal inf constr · אָמַר (H559)Infinitive construct→ Infinitive construct: purpose, result, or complementאָמַר (H559).
בָּ֤אcameQal perf 3ms · בּוֹא (H935)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actבּוֹא (H935).
שִׁמְשׁוֹן֙SamsonN proper · H8123Proper nameH8123 'Samson'.
הֵ֔נָּהhereart · הֵנָּה (H2008)Particle or relational elementהֵנָּה (H2008) 'here, hither'; deictic adverb pointing to the land where Abram currently stands; the descendants will return to this very place.
וַיָּסֹ֛בּוּand they marched aroundconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3mp · סָבַב (H5437)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceסָבַב (H5437) 'to go around, circle'; the chapter's key verb for Israel's long circuit around Edomite territory (source tags this 1cs, but sense and subsequent verbs are 1cp 'we').
וַיֶּאֶרְבוּlying in ambushconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3mp · אָרַב (H693)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceאָרַב (H693) 'to lie in wait, ambush'; the decisive mark of premeditation, structurally opposite to the accidental encounter of v. 5.
ל֥וֹto himprep + sfx 3msPrepositional phraseFunction word: 'to him'.
כָלallN com m sg constr · כֹּל (H3605)Construct chain (genitival)כֹּל (H3605).
הַלַּ֖יְלָהthe nightart + N com m sg abs · לַיְלָה (H3915)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)לַיְלָה (H3915) 'night'; the pivotal night of the tenth plague, the Passover meal, and the exodus — a night 'to be much observed' (v.42).
בְּשַׁ֣עַרin the gate ofprep + N com m sg constr · שַׁעַר (H8179)Prepositional phraseשַׁעַר (H8179) 'gate'.
הָעִ֑ירthe cityart + N com f sg abs · עִיר (H5892)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עִיר (H5892) 'city'.
וַיִּתְחָרְשׁ֤וּand is silentconj וְ + Hithpael wayyiqtol 3mp · חָרַשׁ (H2790)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceחָרַשׁ (H2790) Hiphil 'to be silent'.
כָלallN com m sg constr · כֹּל (H3605)Construct chain (genitival)כֹּל (H3605).
הַלַּ֨יְלָה֙the nightart + N com m sg abs · לַיְלָה (H3915)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)לַיְלָה (H3915) 'night'; the pivotal night of the tenth plague, the Passover meal, and the exodus — a night 'to be much observed' (v.42).
לֵאמֹ֔רsayingprep + Qal inf constr · אָמַר (H559)Infinitive construct→ Infinitive construct: purpose, result, or complementאָמַר (H559).
עַדuntilprep · עַד (H5704)Prepositional phraseעַד (H5704) 'until'.
א֥וֹרlightN com c sg constr · אוֹר (H216)Construct chain (genitival)אוֹר (H216) 'light'; the Israelites alone retain light, a striking act of discrimination anticipating the Passover's distinction between Israel and Egypt.
הַבֹּ֖קֶרthe morningart + N com m sg abs · בֹּקֶר (H1242)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)בֹּקֶר (H1242) 'morning'.
וַהֲרְגְנֻֽהוּthey killedconj וְ + Qal perf 1cp + sfx 3ms · הָרַג (H2026)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actהָרַג (H2026) 'to kill'; the infinitive absolute before the finite verb of the same root produces the emphatic 'you shall surely kill.'
3

וַיִּשְׁכַּ֣ב שִׁמְשׁוֹן֮ עַד חֲצִ֣י הַלַּיְלָה֒ וַיָּ֣קָם בַּחֲצִ֣י הַלַּ֗יְלָה וַיֶּאֱחֹ֞ז בְּדַלְת֤וֹת שַֽׁעַר הָעִיר֙ וּבִשְׁתֵּ֣י הַמְּזוּז֔וֹת וַיִּסָּעֵם֙ עִֽם הַבְּרִ֔יחַ וַיָּ֖שֶׂם עַל כְּתֵפָ֑יו וַֽיַּעֲלֵם֙ אֶל רֹ֣אשׁ הָהָ֔ר אֲשֶׁ֖ר עַל פְּנֵ֥י חֶבְרֽוֹן

And Samson lay until midnight, and he arose at midnight and seized the doors of the city gate and the two doorposts and pulled them up with the bar, and he put them on his shoulders and brought them up to the top of the mountain that faces Hebron.

The gates of Gaza carried toward Hebron
Midnight strength: doors, posts, and bar go up the mountain facing Hebron — a Danite's boast against Philistia's gate.
Word-by-word analysis· 28 words
וַיִּשְׁכַּ֣בand he layconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · שָׁכַב (H7901)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceשָׁכַב (H7901); see v. 11.
שִׁמְשׁוֹן֮SamsonN proper · H8123Proper nameH8123 'Samson'.
עַדuntilprep · עַד (H5704)Prepositional phraseעַד (H5704) 'until'.
חֲצִ֣יhalf ofN com m sg constr · חֲצִי (H2677)Construct chain (genitival)חֵצִי (H2677) 'half'.
הַלַּיְלָה֒the nightart + N com m sg abs · לַיְלָה (H3915)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)לַיְלָה (H3915) 'night'; the pivotal night of the tenth plague, the Passover meal, and the exodus — a night 'to be much observed' (v.42).
וַיָּ֣קָםand he aroseconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · קוּם (H6965)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceקוּם (H6965) Qal 'to stand, be valid'.
בַּחֲצִ֣יat the middle ofprep + N com m sg constr · חֲצִי (H2677)Prepositional phraseחֵצִי (H2677) 'half'.
הַלַּ֗יְלָהthe nightart + N com m sg abs · לַיְלָה (H3915)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)לַיְלָה (H3915) 'night'; the pivotal night of the tenth plague, the Passover meal, and the exodus — a night 'to be much observed' (v.42).
וַיֶּאֱחֹ֞זand they took holdconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · אָחַז (H270)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceאָחַז (H270) Qal 'seize, grasp, take hold'; the hand firmly grasping the instrument of judgment. source id 051of.
בְּדַלְת֤וֹתthe doorprep + N com f pl constr · דֶּלֶת (H1817)Prepositional phraseדֶּלֶת (H1817) 'door'; construct with הָעֲלִיָּה.
שַֽׁעַרthe gate ofN com m sg constr · שַׁעַר (H8179)Construct chain (genitival)שַׁעַר (H8179) 'gate'.
הָעִיר֙the cityart + N com f sg abs · עִיר (H5892)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עִיר (H5892) 'city'.
וּבִשְׁתֵּ֣יtwoconj וְ + prep + Adj c det · שְׁנַיִם (H8147)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שְׁנַיִם (H8147) 'two', dual form of a root meaning 'to repeat, double'; counts the peace-offering oxen.
הַמְּזוּז֔וֹתthe doorpostsart + N com f pl abs · מְזוּזָה (H4201)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מְזוּזָה (H4201) 'doorpost'; the two vertical doorposts, together with the lintel, on which the blood is applied as the sign of the household's safety.
וַיִּסָּעֵם֙and they set outconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms + sfx 3mp · נָסַע (H5265)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceנָסַע (H5265) 'to set out'; paired with חָנָה throughout the itinerary.
עִֽםwithprep · עִם (H5973)Prepositional phraseעִם (H5973) 'with'.
הַבְּרִ֔יחַthe barart + N com m sg abs · בְּרִיחַ (H1280)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)בְּרִיחַ (H1280) 'bar, bolt' securing the gate — completes the fortification triad. Source id 05cX6.
וַיָּ֖שֶׂםand he setconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · שִׂים (H7760)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceשִׂים (H7760), put, place, set
עַלonprep · עַל (H5921)Prepositional phraseעַל (H5921) 'on, upon'.
כְּתֵפָ֑יוhis shouldersN com f du constr + sfx 3ms · כָּתֵף (H3802)Construct chain (genitival)כָּתֵף (H3802); see 39:4.
וַֽיַּעֲלֵם֙and he went upconj וְ + Hiphil wayyiqtol 3ms + sfx 3mp · עָלָה (H5927)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceעָלָה (H5927) to go up, ascend
אֶלtoprep · אֶל (H413)Prepositional phraseאֶל (H413) 'to, toward'.
רֹ֣אשׁthe head ofN com m sg constr · רֹאשׁ (H7218)Construct chain (genitival)רֹאשׁ (H7218) 'head'.
הָהָ֔רthe mountainart + N com m sg abs · הַר (H2022)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)הַר (H2022); see v.2.
אֲשֶׁ֖רthatrel. שֶׁ · אֲשֶׁר (H834)Relative particleאֲשֶׁר (H834).
עַלonprep · עַל (H5921)Prepositional phraseעַל (H5921) 'on, upon'.
פְּנֵ֥יthe face ofN com c pl constr · פָּנִים (H6440)Construct chain (genitival)פָּנִים (H6440) 'face'; here Moses' face, before which the glory passes — echoing 33:20-23 where YHWH's own פָּנִים could not be seen directly, only his 'back.'
חֶבְרֽוֹןHebronN proper · חֶבְרוֹן (H2275)Proper nameחֶבְרוֹן (H2275), see v.3.
4

וַֽיְהִי֙ אַחֲרֵי כֵ֔ן וַיֶּאֱהַ֥ב אִשָּׁ֖ה בְּנַ֣חַל שֹׂרֵ֑ק וּשְׁמָ֖הּ דְּלִילָֽה

And after this he loved a woman in the Valley of Sorek, and her name was Delilah.

He loved Delilah in Sorek
The only time the narrator says Samson loved; the Valley of Sorek is the next snare.
Word-by-word analysis· 9 words
וַֽיְהִי֙and it happenedconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · הָיָה (H1961)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceהָיָה (H1961) 'to be, become'.
אַחֲרֵיafterprep · אַחַר (H310)Prepositional phraseאַחַר (H310).
כֵ֔ןsoart · כֵּן (H3651)Particle or relational elementכֵּן (H3651) 'so, thus'; anaphoric adverb confirming that an action matches what was just commanded.
וַיֶּאֱהַ֥בand he lovedconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · אָהַב (H157)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceאָהַב (H157) 'to love'; third verb — covenant love, both dispositional and demonstrated in loyal action (cf. 6:5).
אִשָּׁ֖הa womanN com f sg abs · אִשָּׁה (H802)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אִשָּׁה (H802), woman, wife
בְּנַ֣חַלin the valleyprep + N com m sg constr · נַחַל (H5158)Prepositional phraseנַחַל (H5158); construct with אַרְנֹן.
שֹׂרֵ֑קSorekN proper · שׂוֹרֵק (H7796)Proper nameשׂוֹרֵק (H7796) 'Sorek'.
וּשְׁמָ֖הּand her nameconj וְ + N com m sg constr + sfx 3fs · שֵׁם (H8034)Construct chain (genitival)שֵׁם (H8034) plural 'names.'
דְּלִילָֽהDelilahN proper · H1807Proper nameH1807 'Delilah'.
5

וַיַּעֲל֨וּ אֵלֶ֜יהָ סַרְנֵ֣י פְלִשְׁתִּ֗ים וַיֹּ֨אמְרוּ לָ֜הּ פַּתִּ֣י אוֹת֗וֹ וּרְאִי֙ בַּמֶּה֙ כֹּח֣וֹ גָד֔וֹל וּבַמֶּה֙ נ֣וּכַל ל֔וֹ וַאֲסַרְנֻ֖הוּ לְעַנֹּת֑וֹ וַאֲנַ֨חְנוּ֙ נִתַּן לָ֔ךְ אִ֕ישׁ אֶ֥לֶף וּמֵאָ֖ה כָּֽסֶף

And the lords of the Philistines went up to her and said to her, Entice him and see in what his great strength lies, and with what we may prevail over him, and we will bind him to afflict him; and we, each man, will give you eleven hundred of silver.

Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action. Lead predicate is 'and they went up'. Speech formula or quoted address.
Word-by-word analysis· 24 words
וַיַּעֲל֨וּand they went upconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3mp · עָלָה (H5927)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceעָלָה (H5927) to go up, ascend
אֵלֶ֜יהָto herprep + sfx 3fs · אֶל (H413)Prepositional phraseאֶל (H413) 'to, toward'.
סַרְנֵ֣יthe lords ofN com m pl constr · סֶרֶן (H5633)Construct chain (genitival)סֶרֶן (H5633) 'lord, axis-ruler'; a distinctively Philistine title (perhaps cognate with Aegean 'tyrannos') for each of the five city-rulers.
פְלִשְׁתִּ֗יםthe PhilistinesN gentilic m pl abs · פְּלִשְׁתִּי (H6430)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)פְּלִשְׁתִּי (H6430), gentilic of פְּלֶשֶׁת; the short Mediterranean coastal road (later 'Via Maris'), avoided precisely because it was the most direct and most militarily exposed route.
וַיֹּ֨אמְרוּand they saidconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3mp · אָמַר (H559)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceאָמַר (H559).
לָ֜הּto herprep + sfx 3fsPrepositional phraseFunction word: 'to her'.
פַּתִּ֣יbe deceivedPiel impv 2fs · פָּתָה (H6601)Predicate verb (imperative)→ Volitional: imperativeפָּתָה (H6601) 'to be simple, be deceived, be enticed'; Qal here of the heart being seduced away from loyalty — the root also underlies 'simple/naive' (פֶּתִי), suggesting a heart lulled by prosperity (vv.14-15) into complacent apostasy.
אוֹת֗וֹhimobj marker + sfx 3ms · אֵת (H853)Direct-object markerאֵת (H853), nota accusativi; untranslated.
וּרְאִי֙and he sawconj וְ + Qal impv 2fs · רָאָה (H7200)Predicate verb (imperative)→ Volitional: imperativeרָאָה (H7200).
בַּמֶּה֙in whatprep + interrog. · מָה (H4100)Interrogative particleWhat?; interrogative pronoun.
כֹּח֣וֹby your powerN com m sg constr + sfx 3ms · כֹּחַ (H3581)Construct chain (genitival)כֹּחַ (H3581) 'strength, power'; the divine might behind the Exodus deliverance.
גָד֔וֹלgreatAdj · גָּדוֹל (H1419)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)גָּדוֹל (H1419), see v.2.
וּבַמֶּה֙and by whatconj וְ + prep + interrog. · מָה (H4100)Interrogative particleWhat?; interrogative pronoun.
נ֣וּכַלwe are ableQal impf 1cp · יָכֹל (H3201)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalיָכֹל (H3201) 'to be able, prevail'; negated here, 'I am not able' — Moses' opening statement of insufficiency that motivates the judicial delegation.
ל֔וֹto himprep + sfx 3msPrepositional phraseFunction word: 'to him'.
וַאֲסַרְנֻ֖הוּshe boundconj וְ + Qal perf 1cp + sfx 3ms · אָסַר (H631)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actאָסַר Qal perfect 3fs.
לְעַנֹּת֑וֹand you shall afflictprep + Piel inf constr + sfx 3ms · עָנָה (H6031)Infinitive construct→ Infinitive construct: purpose, result, or complementעָנָה II (H6031) 'to humble, afflict, violate'; Piel, often with sexual connotation (cf. Gen 34:2; Deut 22:24, 29) — the text names plainly that he has used/humbled her, and this restrains his power over her afterward: he may not profit from what he took.
וַאֲנַ֨חְנוּ֙and weconj וְ + pron 1cp · אֲנַחְנוּ (H587)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֲנַחְנוּ (H587) 'we'; independent pronoun, emphatic subject of the rhetorical question about going up.
נִתַּןis givingQal impf 1cp · נָתַן (H5414)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalנָתַן (H5414) 'to give'.
לָ֔ךְto youprep + sfx 2fsPrepositional phraseFunction word: 'to you'.
אִ֕ישׁa manN com m sg abs · אִישׁ (H376)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אִישׁ (H376).
אֶ֥לֶףthousandAdj c · אֶלֶף (H505)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֶלֶף (H505) 'thousand'.
וּמֵאָ֖הand a hundredconj וְ + Adj c · מֵאָה (H3967)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מֵאָה (H3967) 'hundred'.
כָּֽסֶףsilverN com m sg abs · כֶּסֶף (H3701)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)כֶּסֶף (H3701) 'silver, money'; material apposition, 'of silver', describing both dish and basin.
6

וַתֹּ֤אמֶר דְּלִילָה֙ אֶל שִׁמְשׁ֔וֹן הַגִּֽידָה נָּ֣א לִ֔י בַּמֶּ֖ה כֹּחֲךָ֣ גָד֑וֹל וּבַמֶּ֥ה תֵאָסֵ֖ר לְעַנּוֹתֶֽךָ

And Delilah said to Samson, Please tell me in what your great strength lies, and with what you may be bound to afflict you.

Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action. Lead predicate is 'and she said'. Speech formula or quoted address.
Word-by-word analysis· 13 words
וַתֹּ֤אמֶרand she saidconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3fs · אָמַר (H559)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceאָמַר (H559).
דְּלִילָה֙DelilahN proper · H1807Proper nameH1807 'Delilah'.
אֶלtoprep · אֶל (H413)Prepositional phraseאֶל (H413) 'to, toward'.
שִׁמְשׁ֔וֹןSamsonN proper · H8123Proper nameH8123 'Samson'.
הַגִּֽידָהtellHiphil impv 2ms + Sh · נָגַד (H5046)Predicate verb (imperative)→ Volitional: imperativeנָגַד (H5046) Hiphil declare, tell, make known
נָּ֣אpleaseparticle · נָא (H4994)Particle or relational elementנָא (H4994) 'please'.
לִ֔יto meprep + sfx 1csPrepositional phraseFunction word: 'to me'.
בַּמֶּ֖הin whatprep + interrog. · מָה (H4100)Interrogative particleWhat?; interrogative pronoun.
כֹּחֲךָ֣by your powerN com m sg constr + sfx 2ms · כֹּחַ (H3581)Construct chain (genitival)כֹּחַ (H3581) 'strength, power'; the divine might behind the Exodus deliverance.
גָד֑וֹלgreatAdj · גָּדוֹל (H1419)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)גָּדוֹל (H1419), see v.2.
וּבַמֶּ֥הand by whatconj וְ + prep + interrog. · מָה (H4100)Interrogative particleWhat?; interrogative pronoun.
תֵאָסֵ֖רshe boundNiphal impf 2ms · אָסַר (H631)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalאָסַר Qal perfect 3fs.
לְעַנּוֹתֶֽךָand you shall afflictprep + Piel inf constr + sfx 2ms · עָנָה (H6031)Infinitive construct→ Infinitive construct: purpose, result, or complementעָנָה II (H6031) 'to humble, afflict, violate'; Piel, often with sexual connotation (cf. Gen 34:2; Deut 22:24, 29) — the text names plainly that he has used/humbled her, and this restrains his power over her afterward: he may not profit from what he took.
7

וַיֹּ֤אמֶר אֵלֶ֨יהָ֙ שִׁמְשׁ֔וֹן אִם יַאַסְרֻ֗נִי בְּשִׁבְעָ֛ה יְתָרִ֥ים לַחִ֖ים אֲשֶׁ֣ר לֹא חֹרָ֑בוּ וְחָלִ֥יתִי וְהָיִ֖יתִי כְּאַחַ֥ד הָאָדָֽם

And Samson said to her, If they bind me with seven fresh cords that have not been dried, I shall become weak and be like any other man.

Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action. Lead predicate is 'and he said'. Speech formula or quoted address.
Word-by-word analysis· 15 words
וַיֹּ֤אמֶרand he saidconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · אָמַר (H559)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceאָמַר (H559).
אֵלֶ֨יהָ֙to herprep + sfx 3fs · אֶל (H413)Prepositional phraseאֶל (H413) 'to, toward'.
שִׁמְשׁ֔וֹןSamsonN proper · H8123Proper nameH8123 'Samson'.
אִםifconj וְ · אִם (H518)Coordinating conjunctionאִם (H518) 'if'.
יַאַסְרֻ֗נִיshe boundQal impf 3mp + sfx 1cs · אָסַר (H631)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalאָסַר Qal perfect 3fs.
בְּשִׁבְעָ֛הon the seventeenthprep + Adj c · שֶׁבַע (H7651)Prepositional phraseשֶׁבַע (H7651) seven
יְתָרִ֥יםthe remainder ofN com m pl abs · יֶתֶר (H3499)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יֶתֶר (H3499) 'remainder, rest'; the surviving children not yet lost to the siege.
לַחִ֖יםfreshAdj · לַח (H3892)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)לַח (H3892) 'fresh, moist, green'; a freshly cut rod retains its juice and can be peeled to reveal white wood.
אֲשֶׁ֣רthatrel. שֶׁ · אֲשֶׁר (H834)Relative particleאֲשֶׁר (H834).
לֹאnotneg. · לֹא (H3808)Negative particleלֹא (H3808).
חֹרָ֑בוּhad dried upPual perf 3cp · חָרַב (H2717)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actחָרַב (H2717) 'to be dry, desolate'; the same root used for dry land in Gen 7:22; the flood waters are gone.
וְחָלִ֥יתִיinflictedconj וְ + Qal perf 1cs · חָלָה (H2470)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actחָלָה (H2470) in Piel 'to make sick, inflict illness'; God as the direct agent behind the land's affliction.
וְהָיִ֖יתִיand I will beconj וְ + Qal perf 1cs · הָיָה (H1961)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actהָיָה (H1961) 'to be, become'.
כְּאַחַ֥דlike one ofprep + Adj c · אֶחָד (H259)Prepositional phraseאֶחָד (H259) 'one' masc., from the root אחד; numbers a single item in the fixed offering inventory.
הָאָדָֽםthe humanart + N com m sg abs · אָדָם (H120)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אָדָם (H120); see v. 11.
8

וַיַּעֲלוּ לָ֞הּ סַרְנֵ֣י פְלִשְׁתִּ֗ים שִׁבְעָ֛ה יְתָרִ֥ים לַחִ֖ים אֲשֶׁ֣ר לֹא חֹרָ֑בוּ וַתַּאַסְרֵ֖הוּ בָּהֶֽם

And the lords of the Philistines brought up to her seven fresh cords that had not been dried, and she bound him with them.

Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action. Lead predicate is 'and they went up'.
Word-by-word analysis· 12 words
וַיַּעֲלוּand they went upconj וְ + Hiphil wayyiqtol 3mp · עָלָה (H5927)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceעָלָה (H5927) to go up, ascend
לָ֞הּto herprep + sfx 3fsPrepositional phraseFunction word: 'to her'.
סַרְנֵ֣יthe lords ofN com m pl constr · סֶרֶן (H5633)Construct chain (genitival)סֶרֶן (H5633) 'lord, axis-ruler'; a distinctively Philistine title (perhaps cognate with Aegean 'tyrannos') for each of the five city-rulers.
פְלִשְׁתִּ֗יםthe PhilistinesN gentilic m pl abs · פְּלִשְׁתִּי (H6430)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)פְּלִשְׁתִּי (H6430), gentilic of פְּלֶשֶׁת; the short Mediterranean coastal road (later 'Via Maris'), avoided precisely because it was the most direct and most militarily exposed route.
שִׁבְעָ֛הsevenAdj c · שֶׁבַע (H7651)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שֶׁבַע (H7651) seven
יְתָרִ֥יםthe remainder ofN com m pl abs · יֶתֶר (H3499)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יֶתֶר (H3499) 'remainder, rest'; the surviving children not yet lost to the siege.
לַחִ֖יםfreshAdj · לַח (H3892)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)לַח (H3892) 'fresh, moist, green'; a freshly cut rod retains its juice and can be peeled to reveal white wood.
אֲשֶׁ֣רthatrel. שֶׁ · אֲשֶׁר (H834)Relative particleאֲשֶׁר (H834).
לֹאnotneg. · לֹא (H3808)Negative particleלֹא (H3808).
חֹרָ֑בוּhad dried upPual perf 3cp · חָרַב (H2717)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actחָרַב (H2717) 'to be dry, desolate'; the same root used for dry land in Gen 7:22; the flood waters are gone.
וַתַּאַסְרֵ֖הוּshe boundconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3fs + sfx 3ms · אָסַר (H631)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceאָסַר Qal perfect 3fs.
בָּהֶֽםin themprep + sfx 3mpPrepositional phraseFunction word: 'in them'.
9

וְהָאֹרֵ֗ב יֹשֵׁ֥ב לָהּ֙ בַּחֶ֔דֶר וַתֹּ֣אמֶר אֵלָ֔יו פְּלִשְׁתִּ֥ים עָלֶ֖יךָ שִׁמְשׁ֑וֹן וַיְנַתֵּק֙ אֶת הַיְתָרִ֔ים כַּאֲשֶׁ֨ר יִנָּתֵ֤ק פְּתִֽיל הַנְּעֹ֨רֶת֙ בַּהֲרִיח֣וֹ אֵ֔שׁ וְלֹ֥א נוֹדַ֖ע כֹּחֽוֹ

And the ambush was sitting for her in the inner room, and she said to him, Philistines are upon you, Samson! And he snapped the cords as a strand of tow snaps when it smells fire. And his strength was not known.

Participle — attendant circumstance or substantival actor
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Participle — attendant circumstance or substantival actor. Lead predicate is 'lying in ambush'. Speech formula or quoted address.
Word-by-word analysis· 21 words
וְהָאֹרֵ֗בlying in ambushconj וְ + art + Qal ptc ms · אָרַב (H693)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorאָרַב (H693) 'to lie in wait, ambush'; the decisive mark of premeditation, structurally opposite to the accidental encounter of v. 5.
יֹשֵׁ֥בdwellingQal ptc ms · יָשַׁב (H3427)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorיָשַׁב (H3427) 'to dwell.'
לָהּ֙to herprep + sfx 3fsPrepositional phraseFunction word: 'to her'.
בַּחֶ֔דֶרin the chamber ofprep + art + N com m sg abs · חֶדֶר (H2315)Prepositional phraseחֶדֶר (H2315) pl 'chamber, inner room'; the private, domestic sphere — no refuge is safe. source id 05k6u.
וַתֹּ֣אמֶרand she saidconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3fs · אָמַר (H559)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceאָמַר (H559).
אֵלָ֔יוto himprep + sfx 3ms · אֶל (H413)Prepositional phraseאֶל (H413) 'to, toward'.
פְּלִשְׁתִּ֥יםthe PhilistinesN gentilic m pl abs · פְּלִשְׁתִּי (H6430)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)פְּלִשְׁתִּי (H6430), gentilic of פְּלֶשֶׁת; the short Mediterranean coastal road (later 'Via Maris'), avoided precisely because it was the most direct and most militarily exposed route.
עָלֶ֖יךָupon youprep + sfx 2ms · עַל (H5921)Prepositional phraseעַל (H5921) 'on, upon'.
שִׁמְשׁ֑וֹןSamsonN proper · H8123Proper nameH8123 'Samson'.
וַיְנַתֵּק֙were liftedconj וְ + Piel wayyiqtol 3ms · נָתַק (H5423)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceנָתַק (H5423) 'to pull away, tear off'; Niphal, of the priests' soles being detached from the wet riverbed onto dry ground — the precise trigger for the flood's return.
אֶת(obj)obj marker · אֵת (H853)Direct-object markerאֵת (H853), nota accusativi; untranslated.
הַיְתָרִ֔יםthe remainder ofart + N com m pl abs · יֶתֶר (H3499)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יֶתֶר (H3499) 'remainder, rest'; the surviving children not yet lost to the siege.
כַּאֲשֶׁ֨רjust asprep + rel. שֶׁ · אֲשֶׁר (H834)Relative particleאֲשֶׁר (H834).
יִנָּתֵ֤קwere liftedNiphal impf 3ms · נָתַק (H5423)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalנָתַק (H5423) 'to pull away, tear off'; Niphal, of the priests' soles being detached from the wet riverbed onto dry ground — the precise trigger for the flood's return.
פְּתִֽילa cord ofN com m sg constr · פָּתִיל (H6616)Construct chain (genitival)פָּתִיל (H6616) 'cord, thread, lace', from פתל 'to twist'; the connecting material for this lower binding, distinct from the gold chains above.
הַנְּעֹ֨רֶת֙towart + N com f sg abs · נְעֹרֶת (H5296)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)נְעֹרֶת (H5296) 'tow'.
בַּהֲרִיח֣וֹthey smellprep + Hiphil inf constr + sfx 3ms · רוּחַ (H7306)Infinitive construct→ Infinitive construct: purpose, result, or complementרוּחַ (H7306), Hiphil 'to smell'; the fourth and final deficiency, completing the polemical portrait of utterly senseless, powerless idols.
אֵ֔שׁfireN com c sg abs · אֵשׁ (H784)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֵשׁ (H784) 'fire'.
וְלֹ֥אand notconj וְ + neg. · לֹא (H3808)Negative particleלֹא (H3808).
נוֹדַ֖עit is knownNiphal perf 3ms · יָדַע (H3045)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed act'to know'; Niphal (v.3) 'to make oneself known'; Qal (v.7) 'to know' experientially through the exodus.
כֹּחֽוֹby your powerN com m sg constr + sfx 3ms · כֹּחַ (H3581)Construct chain (genitival)כֹּחַ (H3581) 'strength, power'; the divine might behind the Exodus deliverance.
10

וַתֹּ֤אמֶר דְּלִילָה֙ אֶל שִׁמְשׁ֔וֹן הִנֵּה֙ הֵתַ֣לְתָּ בִּ֔י וַתְּדַבֵּ֥ר אֵלַ֖י כְּזָבִ֑ים עַתָּה֙ הַגִּֽידָה נָּ֣א לִ֔י בַּמֶּ֖ה תֵּאָסֵֽר

And Delilah said to Samson, Behold, you have mocked me and spoken lies to me. Now please tell me with what you may be bound.

Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action. Lead predicate is 'and she said'. Speech formula or quoted address.
Word-by-word analysis· 16 words
וַתֹּ֤אמֶרand she saidconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3fs · אָמַר (H559)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceאָמַר (H559).
דְּלִילָה֙DelilahN proper · H1807Proper nameH1807 'Delilah'.
אֶלtoprep · אֶל (H413)Prepositional phraseאֶל (H413) 'to, toward'.
שִׁמְשׁ֔וֹןSamsonN proper · H8123Proper nameH8123 'Samson'.
הִנֵּה֙beholdadv. · הִנֵּה (H2009)Particle or relational elementהִנֵּה (H2009) behold; presentative deixis
הֵתַ֣לְתָּdeal deceitfullyHiphil perf 2ms · הָתַל (H2048)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actתלל/התל (H2048) Hiphil 'mock, deceive, trifle with'; names precisely what Pharaoh has done in prior cycles and might repeat.
בִּ֔יagainst meprep + sfx 1csPrepositional phraseFunction word: 'against me'.
וַתְּדַבֵּ֥רand she spokeconj וְ + Piel wayyiqtol 2ms · דִּבֶּר (H1696)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advance'to speak'; Piel, the standard verb for authoritative divine or prophetic speech.
אֵלַ֖יto meprep + sfx 1cs · אֶל (H413)Prepositional phraseאֶל (H413) 'to, toward'.
כְּזָבִ֑יםthat he should lieN com m pl abs · כָּזַב (H3576)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)כָּזַב (H3576) Piel 'to lie, deceive'; denied categorically of God — unlike a man, God does not deceive.
עַתָּה֙nowart · עַתָּה (H6258)Particle or relational elementעַתָּה (H6258) 'now'.
הַגִּֽידָהtellHiphil impv 2ms + Sh · נָגַד (H5046)Predicate verb (imperative)→ Volitional: imperativeנָגַד (H5046) Hiphil declare, tell, make known
נָּ֣אpleaseparticle · נָא (H4994)Particle or relational elementנָא (H4994) 'please'.
לִ֔יto meprep + sfx 1csPrepositional phraseFunction word: 'to me'.
בַּמֶּ֖הin whatprep + interrog. · מָה (H4100)Interrogative particleWhat?; interrogative pronoun.
תֵּאָסֵֽרshe boundNiphal impf 2ms · אָסַר (H631)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalאָסַר Qal perfect 3fs.
11

וַיֹּ֣אמֶר אֵלֶ֔יהָ אִם אָס֤וֹר יַאַסְר֨וּנִי֙ בַּעֲבֹתִ֣ים חֲדָשִׁ֔ים אֲשֶׁ֛ר לֹֽא נַעֲשָׂ֥ה בָהֶ֖ם מְלָאכָ֑ה וְחָלִ֥יתִי וְהָיִ֖יתִי כְּאַחַ֥ד הָאָדָֽם

And he said to her, If they bind me indeed with new ropes with which no work has been done, I shall become weak and be like any other man.

Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action. Lead predicate is 'and he said'. Speech formula or quoted address.
Word-by-word analysis· 16 words
וַיֹּ֣אמֶרand he saidconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · אָמַר (H559)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceאָמַר (H559).
אֵלֶ֔יהָto herprep + sfx 3fs · אֶל (H413)Prepositional phraseאֶל (H413) 'to, toward'.
אִםifconj וְ · אִם (H518)Coordinating conjunctionאִם (H518) 'if'.
אָס֤וֹרwas confinedQal inf abs · אָסַר (H631)Infinitive absolute→ Infinitive absolute: emphasis or attendant actionאָסַר Qal perfect 3fs.
יַאַסְר֨וּנִי֙she boundQal impf 3mp + sfx 1cs · אָסַר (H631)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalאָסַר Qal perfect 3fs.
בַּעֲבֹתִ֣יםcords ofprep + N com c pl abs · עֲבֹת (H5688)Prepositional phraseעֲבֹת (H5688) 'cord, rope, braid', from עבת 'to twist, interweave'; specifies rope-like braiding technique for the gold chains.
חֲדָשִׁ֔יםnewAdj · חָדָשׁ (H2319)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)חָדָשׁ (H2319) 'new'; specifies the house as newly built, not yet lived-in/dedicated.
אֲשֶׁ֛רthatrel. שֶׁ · אֲשֶׁר (H834)Relative particleאֲשֶׁר (H834).
לֹֽאnotneg. · לֹא (H3808)Negative particleלֹא (H3808).
נַעֲשָׂ֥הwe will doNiphal perf 3ms · עָשָׂה (H6213)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actעָשָׂה (H6213), see v.1.
בָהֶ֖םin themprep + sfx 3mpPrepositional phraseFunction word: 'in them'.
מְלָאכָ֑הworkN com f sg abs · מְלָאכָה (H4399)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מְלָאכָה (H4399).
וְחָלִ֥יתִיinflictedconj וְ + Qal perf 1cs · חָלָה (H2470)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actחָלָה (H2470) in Piel 'to make sick, inflict illness'; God as the direct agent behind the land's affliction.
וְהָיִ֖יתִיand I will beconj וְ + Qal perf 1cs · הָיָה (H1961)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actהָיָה (H1961) 'to be, become'.
כְּאַחַ֥דlike one ofprep + Adj c · אֶחָד (H259)Prepositional phraseאֶחָד (H259) 'one' masc., from the root אחד; numbers a single item in the fixed offering inventory.
הָאָדָֽםthe humanart + N com m sg abs · אָדָם (H120)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אָדָם (H120); see v. 11.
12

וַתִּקַּ֣ח דְּלִילָה֩ עֲבֹתִ֨ים חֲדָשִׁ֜ים וַתַּאַסְרֵ֣הוּ בָהֶ֗ם וַתֹּ֤אמֶר אֵלָיו֙ פְּלִשְׁתִּ֤ים עָלֶ֨יךָ֙ שִׁמְשׁ֔וֹן וְהָאֹרֵ֖ב יֹשֵׁ֣ב בֶּחָ֑דֶר וַֽיְנַתְּקֵ֛ם מֵעַ֥ל זְרֹעֹתָ֖יו כַּחֽוּט

And Delilah took new ropes and bound him with them and said to him, Philistines are upon you, Samson! And the ambush was sitting in the inner room. And he snapped them from off his arms like a thread.

Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action. Lead predicate is 'and she took'. Speech formula or quoted address.
Word-by-word analysis· 18 words
וַתִּקַּ֣חand she tookconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3fs · לָקַח (H3947)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceלָקַח (H3947) 'to take'.
דְּלִילָה֩DelilahN proper · H1807Proper nameH1807 'Delilah'.
עֲבֹתִ֨יםcords ofN com c pl abs · עֲבֹת (H5688)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עֲבֹת (H5688) 'cord, rope, braid', from עבת 'to twist, interweave'; specifies rope-like braiding technique for the gold chains.
חֲדָשִׁ֜יםnewAdj · חָדָשׁ (H2319)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)חָדָשׁ (H2319) 'new'; specifies the house as newly built, not yet lived-in/dedicated.
וַתַּאַסְרֵ֣הוּshe boundconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3fs + sfx 3ms · אָסַר (H631)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceאָסַר Qal perfect 3fs.
בָהֶ֗םin themprep + sfx 3mpPrepositional phraseFunction word: 'in them'.
וַתֹּ֤אמֶרand she saidconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3fs · אָמַר (H559)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceאָמַר (H559).
אֵלָיו֙to himprep + sfx 3ms · אֶל (H413)Prepositional phraseאֶל (H413) 'to, toward'.
פְּלִשְׁתִּ֤יםthe PhilistinesN gentilic m pl abs · פְּלִשְׁתִּי (H6430)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)פְּלִשְׁתִּי (H6430), gentilic of פְּלֶשֶׁת; the short Mediterranean coastal road (later 'Via Maris'), avoided precisely because it was the most direct and most militarily exposed route.
עָלֶ֨יךָ֙upon youprep + sfx 2ms · עַל (H5921)Prepositional phraseעַל (H5921) 'on, upon'.
שִׁמְשׁ֔וֹןSamsonN proper · H8123Proper nameH8123 'Samson'.
וְהָאֹרֵ֖בlying in ambushconj וְ + art + Qal ptc ms · אָרַב (H693)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorאָרַב (H693) 'to lie in wait, ambush'; the decisive mark of premeditation, structurally opposite to the accidental encounter of v. 5.
יֹשֵׁ֣בdwellingQal ptc ms · יָשַׁב (H3427)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorיָשַׁב (H3427) 'to dwell.'
בֶּחָ֑דֶרin the chamber ofprep + art + N com m sg abs · חֶדֶר (H2315)Prepositional phraseחֶדֶר (H2315) pl 'chamber, inner room'; the private, domestic sphere — no refuge is safe. source id 05k6u.
וַֽיְנַתְּקֵ֛םwere liftedconj וְ + Piel wayyiqtol 3ms + sfx 3mp · נָתַק (H5423)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceנָתַק (H5423) 'to pull away, tear off'; Niphal, of the priests' soles being detached from the wet riverbed onto dry ground — the precise trigger for the flood's return.
מֵעַ֥לfrom uponprep + prep · עַל (H5921)Prepositional phraseעַל (H5921) 'on, upon'.
זְרֹעֹתָ֖יוthe shoulderN com c pl constr + sfx 3ms · זְרוֹעַ (H2220)Construct chain (genitival)זְרוֹעַ (H2220) 'arm'; paired with יָד in the standard exodus formula 'strong hand and outstretched arm.'
כַּחֽוּטfrom a threadprep + art + N com m sg abs · חוּט (H2339)Prepositional phraseחוּט (H2339) 'thread, cord'; the most trivial item imaginable; Abram's refusal extends to absolutely nothing, not even a thread.
13

וַתֹּ֨אמֶר דְּלִילָ֜ה אֶל שִׁמְשׁ֗וֹן עַד הֵ֜נָּה הֵתַ֤לְתָּ בִּי֙ וַתְּדַבֵּ֤ר אֵלַי֙ כְּזָבִ֔ים הַגִּ֣ידָה לִּ֔י בַּמֶּ֖ה תֵּאָסֵ֑ר וַיֹּ֣אמֶר אֵלֶ֔יהָ אִם תַּאַרְגִ֗י אֶת שֶׁ֛בַע מַחְלְפ֥וֹת רֹאשִׁ֖י עִם הַמַּסָּֽכֶת

And Delilah said to Samson, Until now you have mocked me and spoken lies to me. Tell me with what you may be bound. And he said to her, If you weave the seven locks of my head with the web.

Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action. Lead predicate is 'and she said'. Speech formula or quoted address.
Word-by-word analysis· 25 words
וַתֹּ֨אמֶרand she saidconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3fs · אָמַר (H559)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceאָמַר (H559).
דְּלִילָ֜הDelilahN proper · H1807Proper nameH1807 'Delilah'.
אֶלtoprep · אֶל (H413)Prepositional phraseאֶל (H413) 'to, toward'.
שִׁמְשׁ֗וֹןSamsonN proper · H8123Proper nameH8123 'Samson'.
עַדuntilprep · עַד (H5704)Prepositional phraseעַד (H5704) 'until'.
הֵ֜נָּהhereart · הֵנָּה (H2008)Particle or relational elementהֵנָּה (H2008) 'here, hither'; deictic adverb pointing to the land where Abram currently stands; the descendants will return to this very place.
הֵתַ֤לְתָּdeal deceitfullyHiphil perf 2ms · הָתַל (H2048)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actתלל/התל (H2048) Hiphil 'mock, deceive, trifle with'; names precisely what Pharaoh has done in prior cycles and might repeat.
בִּי֙against meprep + sfx 1csPrepositional phraseFunction word: 'against me'.
וַתְּדַבֵּ֤רand she spokeconj וְ + Piel wayyiqtol 2ms · דִּבֶּר (H1696)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advance'to speak'; Piel, the standard verb for authoritative divine or prophetic speech.
אֵלַי֙to meprep + sfx 1cs · אֶל (H413)Prepositional phraseאֶל (H413) 'to, toward'.
כְּזָבִ֔יםthat he should lieN com m pl abs · כָּזַב (H3576)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)כָּזַב (H3576) Piel 'to lie, deceive'; denied categorically of God — unlike a man, God does not deceive.
הַגִּ֣ידָהtellHiphil impv 2ms + Sh · נָגַד (H5046)Predicate verb (imperative)→ Volitional: imperativeנָגַד (H5046) Hiphil declare, tell, make known
לִּ֔יto meprep + sfx 1csPrepositional phraseFunction word: 'to me'.
בַּמֶּ֖הin whatprep + interrog. · מָה (H4100)Interrogative particleWhat?; interrogative pronoun.
תֵּאָסֵ֑רshe boundNiphal impf 2ms · אָסַר (H631)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalאָסַר Qal perfect 3fs.
וַיֹּ֣אמֶרand he saidconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · אָמַר (H559)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceאָמַר (H559).
אֵלֶ֔יהָto herprep + sfx 3fs · אֶל (H413)Prepositional phraseאֶל (H413) 'to, toward'.
אִםifconj וְ · אִם (H518)Coordinating conjunctionאִם (H518) 'if'.
תַּאַרְגִ֗יa weaver,Qal impf 2fs · אָרַג (H707)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalאָרַג (H707) 'to weave'; participial noun 'a weaver' — the collar is woven directly into the fabric, not sewn on afterward, for durability.
אֶת(obj)obj marker · אֵת (H853)Direct-object markerאֵת (H853), nota accusativi; untranslated.
שֶׁ֛בַעsevenAdj c · שֶׁבַע (H7651)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שֶׁבַע (H7651) seven
מַחְלְפ֥וֹתbraidsN com f pl constr · מַחְלָפָה (H4253)Construct chain (genitival)מַחְלָפָה (H4253) 'braids'.
רֹאשִׁ֖יthe heads ofN com m sg constr + sfx 1cs · רֹאשׁ (H7218)Construct chain (genitival)רֹאשׁ (H7218) 'head'.
עִםwithprep · עִם (H5973)Prepositional phraseעִם (H5973) 'with'.
הַמַּסָּֽכֶתloom-webart + N com f sg abs · מַסֶּכֶת (H4545)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מַסֶּכֶת (H4545) 'loom-web'.
14

וַתִּתְקַע֙ בַּיָּתֵ֔ד וַתֹּ֣אמֶר אֵלָ֔יו פְּלִשְׁתִּ֥ים עָלֶ֖יךָ שִׁמְשׁ֑וֹן וַיִּיקַץ֙ מִשְּׁנָת֔וֹ וַיִּסַּ֛ע אֶת הַיְתַ֥ד הָאֶ֖רֶג וְאֶת הַמַּסָּֽכֶת

And she fastened it with the pin and said to him, Philistines are upon you, Samson! And he awoke from his sleep and pulled up the pin of the loom and the web.

Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action. Lead predicate is 'and drove'. Speech formula or quoted address.
Word-by-word analysis· 15 words
וַתִּתְקַע֙and droveconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3fs · תָּקַע (H8628)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceתָּקַע (H8628) 'to thrust, drive, blow'; a forceful verb (also used of trumpet-blasts) for the violent disposal of the swarm.
בַּיָּתֵ֔דthe pegs ofprep + art + N com f sg abs · יָתֵד (H3489)Prepositional phraseיָתֵד (H3489) 'peg, pin, stake'.
וַתֹּ֣אמֶרand she saidconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3fs · אָמַר (H559)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceאָמַר (H559).
אֵלָ֔יוto himprep + sfx 3ms · אֶל (H413)Prepositional phraseאֶל (H413) 'to, toward'.
פְּלִשְׁתִּ֥יםthe PhilistinesN gentilic m pl abs · פְּלִשְׁתִּי (H6430)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)פְּלִשְׁתִּי (H6430), gentilic of פְּלֶשֶׁת; the short Mediterranean coastal road (later 'Via Maris'), avoided precisely because it was the most direct and most militarily exposed route.
עָלֶ֖יךָupon youprep + sfx 2ms · עַל (H5921)Prepositional phraseעַל (H5921) 'on, upon'.
שִׁמְשׁ֑וֹןSamsonN proper · H8123Proper nameH8123 'Samson'.
וַיִּיקַץ֙and he awokeconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · יָקַץ (H3364)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceיָקַץ (H3364) to awake, wake up
מִשְּׁנָת֔וֹfrom his sleepprep + N com f sg constr + sfx 3ms · שֵׁנָה (H8142)Prepositional phraseשֵׁנָה (H8142) 'sleep'; 3ms suffix; awakening from sleep marks the transition from dream-revelation to waking recognition and response.
וַיִּסַּ֛עand he journeyedconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · נָסַע (H5265)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceנָסַע (H5265) 'to set out'; paired with חָנָה throughout the itinerary.
אֶת(obj)obj marker · אֵת (H853)Direct-object markerאֵת (H853), nota accusativi; untranslated.
הַיְתַ֥דthe pegart + N com f sg abs · יָתֵד (H3489)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יָתֵד (H3489) 'peg, pin, stake'.
הָאֶ֖רֶגshuttleart + N com m sg abs · אֶרֶג (H708)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֶרֶג (H708) 'shuttle'.
וְאֶתand [obj]conj וְ + obj marker · אֵת (H853)Direct-object markerאֵת (H853), nota accusativi; untranslated.
הַמַּסָּֽכֶתloom-webart + N com f sg abs · מַסֶּכֶת (H4545)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מַסֶּכֶת (H4545) 'loom-web'.
15

וַתֹּ֣אמֶר אֵלָ֗יו אֵ֚יךְ תֹּאמַ֣ר אֲהַבְתִּ֔יךְ וְלִבְּךָ֖ אֵ֣ין אִתִּ֑י זֶ֣ה שָׁלֹ֤שׁ פְּעָמִים֙ הֵתַ֣לְתָּ בִּ֔י וְלֹא הִגַּ֣דְתָּ לִּ֔י בַּמֶּ֖ה כֹּחֲךָ֥ גָדֽוֹל

And she said to him, How can you say, I love you, when your heart is not with me? These three times you have mocked me and have not told me in what your great strength lies.

Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action. Lead predicate is 'and she said'. Speech formula or quoted address.
Word-by-word analysis· 19 words
וַתֹּ֣אמֶרand she saidconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3fs · אָמַר (H559)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceאָמַר (H559).
אֵלָ֗יוto himprep + sfx 3ms · אֶל (H413)Prepositional phraseאֶל (H413) 'to, toward'.
אֵ֚יךְhowinterrog. · אֵיכָה (H349)Interrogative particleinterrogative adverb 'how'.
תֹּאמַ֣רyou shall sayQal impf 2ms · אָמַר (H559)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalאָמַר (H559).
אֲהַבְתִּ֔יךְto loveQal perf 1cs + sfx 2fs · אָהַב (H157)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actאָהַב (H157) 'to love'; third verb — covenant love, both dispositional and demonstrated in loyal action (cf. 6:5).
וְלִבְּךָ֖his heartconj וְ + N com m sg constr + sfx 2ms · לֵב (H3820)Construct chain (genitival)לֵב (H3820).
אֵ֣יןthere is notneg. · אַיִן (H369)Negative particleאַיִן (H369) 'there is not'.
אִתִּ֑יwith meprep + sfx 1cs · אֵת (H854)Prepositional phraseאֵת/אֶת (H854) 'with'; see v. 10.
זֶ֣הthisdem. pron xms · זֶה (H2088)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)זֶה (H2088) 'this'.
שָׁלֹ֤שׁthreeAdj c · שָׁלוֹשׁ (H7969)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שְׁלֹשָׁה (H7969) 'three'.
פְּעָמִים֙timesN com f pl abs · פַּעַם (H6471)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)פַּעַם (H6471) 'foot-fall, occurrence, time'; used idiomatically for counting occurrences.
הֵתַ֣לְתָּdeal deceitfullyHiphil perf 2ms · הָתַל (H2048)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actתלל/התל (H2048) Hiphil 'mock, deceive, trifle with'; names precisely what Pharaoh has done in prior cycles and might repeat.
בִּ֔יagainst meprep + sfx 1csPrepositional phraseFunction word: 'against me'.
וְלֹאand notconj וְ + neg. · לֹא (H3808)Negative particleלֹא (H3808).
הִגַּ֣דְתָּdid you tellHiphil perf 2ms · נָגַד (H5046)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actנָגַד (H5046) Hiphil declare, tell, make known
לִּ֔יto meprep + sfx 1csPrepositional phraseFunction word: 'to me'.
בַּמֶּ֖הin whatprep + interrog. · מָה (H4100)Interrogative particleWhat?; interrogative pronoun.
כֹּחֲךָ֥by your powerN com m sg constr + sfx 2ms · כֹּחַ (H3581)Construct chain (genitival)כֹּחַ (H3581) 'strength, power'; the divine might behind the Exodus deliverance.
גָדֽוֹלgreatAdj · גָּדוֹל (H1419)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)גָּדוֹל (H1419), see v.2.
16

וַ֠יְהִי כִּֽי הֵצִ֨יקָה לּ֧וֹ בִדְבָרֶ֛יהָ כָּל הַיָּמִ֖ים וַתְּאַֽלֲצֵ֑הוּ וַתִּקְצַ֥ר נַפְשׁ֖וֹ לָמֽוּת

And when she pressed him with her words all the days and urged him, his soul was shortened to death.

Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action. Wayyehî scene-setting or temporal hinge.
Word-by-word analysis· 11 words
וַ֠יְהִיand it happenedconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · הָיָה (H1961)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceהָיָה (H1961) 'to be, become'.
כִּֽיforconj וְ · כִּי (H3588)Coordinating conjunctionכִּי (H3588).
הֵצִ֨יקָהhe will oppressHiphil perf 3fs · צוּק (H6693)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actצוּק (H6693) Hiphil 'to press, afflict, oppress'; the enemy's siege-pressure that drives Israel to this desperation.
לּ֧וֹto himprep + sfx 3msPrepositional phraseFunction word: 'to him'.
בִדְבָרֶ֛יהָthe words ofprep + N com m pl constr + sfx 3fs · דָּבָר (H1697)Prepositional phraseדָּבָר (H1697) 'word, thing'; the Decalogue text (cf. עֲשֶׂרֶת הַדְּבָרִים, v.28), the covenant stipulations.
כָּלallN com m sg constr · כֹּל (H3605)Construct chain (genitival)כֹּל (H3605).
הַיָּמִ֖יםthe daysart + N com m pl abs · יוֹם (H3117)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יוֹם (H3117) 'day'.
וַתְּאַֽלֲצֵ֑הוּandconj וְ + Piel wayyiqtol 3fs + sfx 3ms · H509Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceH509 'and'.
וַתִּקְצַ֥רand it became impatientconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3fs · קָצַר (H7114)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceקָצַר (H7114) 'to reap, harvest'; the grain harvest, first of the three agricultural gleaning laws.
נַפְשׁ֖וֹhis soulN com c sg constr + sfx 3ms · נֶפֶשׁ (H5315)Construct chain (genitival)נֶפֶשׁ (H5315), see v.28.
לָמֽוּתto dieprep + Qal inf constr · מוּת (H4191)Infinitive construct→ Infinitive construct: purpose, result, or complementמוּת (H4191) 'to die'.
17

וַיַּגֶּד לָ֣הּ אֶת כָּל לִבּ֗וֹ וַיֹּ֤אמֶר לָהּ֙ מוֹרָה֙ לֹֽא עָלָ֣ה עַל רֹאשִׁ֔י כִּֽי נְזִ֧יר אֱלֹהִ֛ים אֲנִ֖י מִבֶּ֣טֶן אִמִּ֑י אִם גֻּלַּ֨חְתִּי֙ וְסָ֣ר מִמֶּ֣נִּי כֹחִ֔י וְחָלִ֥יתִי וְהָיִ֖יתִי כְּכָל הָאָדָֽם

And he told her all his heart, and he said to her, A razor has not gone up on my head, for I am a Nazirite of God from my mother's womb. If I am shaved, then my strength will turn from me, and I shall become weak and be like all men.

All his heart: Nazirite from the womb
The secret of 13:5 is spoken; if shaved, he will be like all men.
Word-by-word analysis· 27 words
וַיַּגֶּדand it was toldconj וְ + Hiphil wayyiqtol 3ms · נָגַד (H5046)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceנָגַד (H5046) Hiphil declare, tell, make known
לָ֣הּto herprep + sfx 3fsPrepositional phraseFunction word: 'to her'.
אֶת(obj)obj marker · אֵת (H853)Direct-object markerאֵת (H853), nota accusativi; untranslated.
כָּלallN com m sg constr · כֹּל (H3605)Construct chain (genitival)כֹּל (H3605).
לִבּ֗וֹhis heartN com m sg constr + sfx 3ms · לֵב (H3820)Construct chain (genitival)לֵב (H3820).
וַיֹּ֤אמֶרand he saidconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · אָמַר (H559)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceאָמַר (H559).
לָהּ֙to herprep + sfx 3fsPrepositional phraseFunction word: 'to her'.
מוֹרָה֙andN com m sg abs · H4177Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)H4177 'and'.
לֹֽאnotneg. · לֹא (H3808)Negative particleלֹא (H3808).
עָלָ֣הgo upQal perf 3ms · עָלָה (H5927)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actעָלָה (H5927) to go up, ascend
עַלonprep · עַל (H5921)Prepositional phraseעַל (H5921) 'on, upon'.
רֹאשִׁ֔יthe heads ofN com m sg constr + sfx 1cs · רֹאשׁ (H7218)Construct chain (genitival)רֹאשׁ (H7218) 'head'.
כִּֽיforconj וְ · כִּי (H3588)Coordinating conjunctionכִּי (H3588).
נְזִ֧ירthe one set apart ofN com m sg constr · נָזִיר (H5139)Construct chain (genitival)נָזִיר (H5139) 'Nazirite, consecrated one', from נזר 'to separate, consecrate oneself'; here definite, 'the Nazirite', the vow-taker whose hair is shaved at the tent entrance.
אֱלֹהִ֛יםGodN com m pl abs · אֱלֹהִים (H430)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֱלֹהִים (H430); see v.1.
אֲנִ֖יIpron 1cs · אֲנִי (H589)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)1cs independent pronoun 'I'; emphatic, prominent in 'I am YHWH'.
מִבֶּ֣טֶןfrom the womb ofprep + N com f sg constr · בֶּטֶן (H990)Prepositional phraseבֶּטֶן (H990) 'womb, belly'; first domain of the fertility triad, human fecundity.
אִמִּ֑יmy motherN com f sg constr + sfx 1cs · אֵם (H517)Construct chain (genitival)אֵם (H517) 'mother'.
אִםifconj וְ · אִם (H518)Coordinating conjunctionאִם (H518) 'if'.
גֻּלַּ֨חְתִּי֙he shall shavePual perf 1cs · גָּלַח (H1548)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actגָּלַח (H1548) 'to shave'; Piel, the woman herself performs this mourning rite — subject shifts from the man to her.
וְסָ֣רand turning awayconj וְ + Qal perf 3ms · סוּר (H5493)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actסוּר (H5493) 'to turn aside, depart'; the first step of the apostasy-sequence — deviation from the commanded way.
מִמֶּ֣נִּיfrom meprep + sfx 1cs · מִן (H4480)Prepositional phraseמִן (H4480).
כֹחִ֔יmy powerN com m sg constr + sfx 1cs · כֹּחַ (H3581)Construct chain (genitival)כֹּחַ (H3581) 'strength, power'; the divine might behind the Exodus deliverance.
וְחָלִ֥יתִיinflictedconj וְ + Qal perf 1cs · חָלָה (H2470)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actחָלָה (H2470) in Piel 'to make sick, inflict illness'; God as the direct agent behind the land's affliction.
וְהָיִ֖יתִיand I will beconj וְ + Qal perf 1cs · הָיָה (H1961)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actהָיָה (H1961) 'to be, become'.
כְּכָלaccording to allprep + N com m sg constr · כֹּל (H3605)Prepositional phraseכֹּל (H3605).
הָאָדָֽםthe humanart + N com m sg abs · אָדָם (H120)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אָדָם (H120); see v. 11.
18

וַתֵּ֣רֶא דְלִילָ֗ה כִּֽי הִגִּ֣יד לָהּ֮ אֶת כָּל לִבּוֹ֒ וַתִּשְׁלַ֡ח וַתִּקְרָא֩ לְסַרְנֵ֨י פְלִשְׁתִּ֤ים לֵאמֹר֙ עֲל֣וּ הַפַּ֔עַם כִּֽי הִגִּ֥יד לה לִ֖י אֶת כָּל לִבּ֑וֹ וְעָל֤וּ אֵלֶ֨יהָ֙ סַרְנֵ֣י פְלִשְׁתִּ֔ים וַיַּעֲל֥וּ הַכֶּ֖סֶף בְּיָדָֽם

And Delilah saw that he had told her all his heart, and she sent and called the lords of the Philistines, saying, Come up this time, for he has told me all his heart. And the lords of the Philistines came up to her and brought the silver in their hand.

Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action. Lead predicate is 'and she saw'. Speech formula or quoted address.
Word-by-word analysis· 29 words
וַתֵּ֣רֶאand she sawconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3fs · רָאָה (H7200)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceרָאָה (H7200).
דְלִילָ֗הDelilahN proper · H1807Proper nameH1807 'Delilah'.
כִּֽיforconj וְ · כִּי (H3588)Coordinating conjunctionכִּי (H3588).
הִגִּ֣ידtoldHiphil perf 3ms · נָגַד (H5046)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actנָגַד (H5046) Hiphil declare, tell, make known
לָהּ֮to herprep + sfx 3fsPrepositional phraseFunction word: 'to her'.
אֶת(obj)obj marker · אֵת (H853)Direct-object markerאֵת (H853), nota accusativi; untranslated.
כָּלallN com m sg constr · כֹּל (H3605)Construct chain (genitival)כֹּל (H3605).
לִבּוֹ֒his heartN com m sg constr + sfx 3ms · לֵב (H3820)Construct chain (genitival)לֵב (H3820).
וַתִּשְׁלַ֡חand she sentconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3fs · שָׁלַח (H7971)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceשָׁלַח (H7971) 'to send, send away, let go'; the verb of the entire release-formula ('let my people go').
וַתִּקְרָא֩and she calledconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3fs · קָרָא (H7121)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceקָרָא (H7121) 'to call, summon'.
לְסַרְנֵ֨יthe lords ofprep + N com m pl constr · סֶרֶן (H5633)Prepositional phraseסֶרֶן (H5633) 'lord, axis-ruler'; a distinctively Philistine title (perhaps cognate with Aegean 'tyrannos') for each of the five city-rulers.
פְלִשְׁתִּ֤יםthe PhilistinesN gentilic m pl abs · פְּלִשְׁתִּי (H6430)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)פְּלִשְׁתִּי (H6430), gentilic of פְּלֶשֶׁת; the short Mediterranean coastal road (later 'Via Maris'), avoided precisely because it was the most direct and most militarily exposed route.
לֵאמֹר֙sayingprep + Qal inf constr · אָמַר (H559)Infinitive construct→ Infinitive construct: purpose, result, or complementאָמַר (H559).
עֲל֣וּwent upQal impv 2mp · עָלָה (H5927)Predicate verb (imperative)→ Volitional: imperativeעָלָה (H5927) to go up, ascend
הַפַּ֔עַםthis timeart + N com f sg abs · פַּעַם (H6471)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)פַּעַם (H6471) 'foot-fall, occurrence, time'; used idiomatically for counting occurrences.
כִּֽיforconj וְ · כִּי (H3588)Coordinating conjunctionכִּי (H3588).
הִגִּ֥ידtoldHiphil perf 3ms · נָגַד (H5046)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actנָגַד (H5046) Hiphil declare, tell, make known
להto herprep + sfx 3fsPrepositional phraseFunction word: 'to her'.
לִ֖יto meprep + sfx 1csPrepositional phraseFunction word: 'to me'.
אֶת(obj)obj marker · אֵת (H853)Direct-object markerאֵת (H853), nota accusativi; untranslated.
כָּלallN com m sg constr · כֹּל (H3605)Construct chain (genitival)כֹּל (H3605).
לִבּ֑וֹhis heartN com m sg constr + sfx 3ms · לֵב (H3820)Construct chain (genitival)לֵב (H3820).
וְעָל֤וּand they will come upconj וְ + Qal perf 3cp · עָלָה (H5927)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actעָלָה (H5927) to go up, ascend
אֵלֶ֨יהָ֙to herprep + sfx 3fs · אֶל (H413)Prepositional phraseאֶל (H413) 'to, toward'.
סַרְנֵ֣יthe lords ofN com m pl constr · סֶרֶן (H5633)Construct chain (genitival)סֶרֶן (H5633) 'lord, axis-ruler'; a distinctively Philistine title (perhaps cognate with Aegean 'tyrannos') for each of the five city-rulers.
פְלִשְׁתִּ֔יםthe PhilistinesN gentilic m pl abs · פְּלִשְׁתִּי (H6430)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)פְּלִשְׁתִּי (H6430), gentilic of פְּלֶשֶׁת; the short Mediterranean coastal road (later 'Via Maris'), avoided precisely because it was the most direct and most militarily exposed route.
וַיַּעֲל֥וּand they went upconj וְ + Hiphil wayyiqtol 3mp · עָלָה (H5927)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceעָלָה (H5927) to go up, ascend
הַכֶּ֖סֶףthe silverart + N com m sg abs · כֶּסֶף (H3701)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)כֶּסֶף (H3701) 'silver, money'; material apposition, 'of silver', describing both dish and basin.
בְּיָדָֽםin their handprep + N com c sg constr + sfx 3mp · יָד (H3027)Prepositional phraseיָד (H3027) 'hand'.
19

וַתְּיַשְּׁנֵ֨הוּ֙ עַל בִּרְכֶּ֔יהָ וַתִּקְרָ֣א לָאִ֔ישׁ וַתְּגַלַּ֕ח אֶת שֶׁ֖בַע מַחְלְפ֣וֹת רֹאשׁ֑וֹ וַתָּ֨חֶל֙ לְעַנּוֹת֔וֹ וַיָּ֥סַר כֹּח֖וֹ מֵעָלָֽיו

And she made him sleep on her knees, and she called to the man and shaved the seven locks of his head, and she began to afflict him, and his strength turned from him.

Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action. Lead predicate is 'and grow long settled'. Speech formula or quoted address.
Word-by-word analysis· 15 words
וַתְּיַשְּׁנֵ֨הוּ֙and grow long settledconj וְ + Piel wayyiqtol 3fs + sfx 3ms · יָשַׁן (H3462)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceיָשַׁן (H3462), Niphal 'to become old, long-established'; describes the complacency of long, comfortable settlement — the breeding ground for spiritual decline.
עַלonprep · עַל (H5921)Prepositional phraseעַל (H5921) 'on, upon'.
בִּרְכֶּ֔יהָthe kneesN com f du constr + sfx 3fs · בֶּרֶךְ (H1290)Construct chain (genitival)בֶּרֶךְ (H1290) 'knee', dual; the affliction settles into a chronic joint-disease location.
וַתִּקְרָ֣אand she calledconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3fs · קָרָא (H7121)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceקָרָא (H7121) 'to call, summon'.
לָאִ֔ישׁto a manprep + art + N com m sg abs · אִישׁ (H376)Prepositional phraseאִישׁ (H376).
וַתְּגַלַּ֕חhe shall shaveconj וְ + Piel wayyiqtol 3fs · גָּלַח (H1548)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceגָּלַח (H1548) 'to shave'; Piel, the woman herself performs this mourning rite — subject shifts from the man to her.
אֶת(obj)obj marker · אֵת (H853)Direct-object markerאֵת (H853), nota accusativi; untranslated.
שֶׁ֖בַעsevenAdj c · שֶׁבַע (H7651)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שֶׁבַע (H7651) seven
מַחְלְפ֣וֹתbraidsN com f pl constr · מַחְלָפָה (H4253)Construct chain (genitival)מַחְלָפָה (H4253) 'braids'.
רֹאשׁ֑וֹhis headN com m sg constr + sfx 3ms · רֹאשׁ (H7218)Construct chain (genitival)רֹאשׁ (H7218) 'head'.
וַתָּ֨חֶל֙beganconj וְ + Hiphil wayyiqtol 3fs · חָלַל (H2490)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceחָלַל (H2490) Hiphil 'to begin'; מֵהָחֵל, 'from the beginning of,' fixes the starting point of the seven-week count to the sickle's first use.
לְעַנּוֹת֔וֹand you shall afflictprep + Piel inf constr + sfx 3ms · עָנָה (H6031)Infinitive construct→ Infinitive construct: purpose, result, or complementעָנָה II (H6031) 'to humble, afflict, violate'; Piel, often with sexual connotation (cf. Gen 34:2; Deut 22:24, 29) — the text names plainly that he has used/humbled her, and this restrains his power over her afterward: he may not profit from what he took.
וַיָּ֥סַרthat he may removeconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · סוּר (H5493)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceסוּר (H5493) 'to turn aside, depart'; the first step of the apostasy-sequence — deviation from the commanded way.
כֹּח֖וֹby your powerN com m sg constr + sfx 3ms · כֹּחַ (H3581)Construct chain (genitival)כֹּחַ (H3581) 'strength, power'; the divine might behind the Exodus deliverance.
מֵעָלָֽיוfrom upon himprep + prep + sfx 3ms · עַל (H5921)Prepositional phraseעַל (H5921) 'on, upon'.
20

וַתֹּ֕אמֶר פְּלִשְׁתִּ֥ים עָלֶ֖יךָ שִׁמְשׁ֑וֹן וַיִּקַ֣ץ מִשְּׁנָת֗וֹ וַיֹּ֨אמֶר֙ אֵצֵ֞א כְּפַ֤עַם בְּפַ֨עַם֙ וְאִנָּעֵ֔ר וְהוּא֙ לֹ֣א יָדַ֔ע כִּ֥י יְהוָ֖ה סָ֥ר מֵעָלָֽיו

And she said, Philistines are upon you, Samson! And he awoke from his sleep and said, I will go out as at other times and shake myself free. And he did not know that YHWH had turned from him.

He did not know that YHWH had turned
The tragedy's line: he wakes to play as before and does not know YHWH has turned aside.
Word-by-word analysis· 18 words
וַתֹּ֕אמֶרand she saidconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3fs · אָמַר (H559)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceאָמַר (H559).
פְּלִשְׁתִּ֥יםthe PhilistinesN gentilic m pl abs · פְּלִשְׁתִּי (H6430)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)פְּלִשְׁתִּי (H6430), gentilic of פְּלֶשֶׁת; the short Mediterranean coastal road (later 'Via Maris'), avoided precisely because it was the most direct and most militarily exposed route.
עָלֶ֖יךָupon youprep + sfx 2ms · עַל (H5921)Prepositional phraseעַל (H5921) 'on, upon'.
שִׁמְשׁ֑וֹןSamsonN proper · H8123Proper nameH8123 'Samson'.
וַיִּקַ֣ץand he awokeconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · יָקַץ (H3364)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceיָקַץ (H3364) to awake, wake up
מִשְּׁנָת֗וֹfrom his sleepprep + N com f sg constr + sfx 3ms · שֵׁנָה (H8142)Prepositional phraseשֵׁנָה (H8142) 'sleep'; 3ms suffix; awakening from sleep marks the transition from dream-revelation to waking recognition and response.
וַיֹּ֨אמֶר֙and he saidconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · אָמַר (H559)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceאָמַר (H559).
אֵצֵ֞אI will go outQal impf 1cs · יָצָא (H3318)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalיָצָא (H3318) Qal participle 'going out'; יֹצֵא צָבָא, the technical military qualification, repeated for each tribe.
כְּפַ֤עַםas at [other] timeprep + N com f sg abs · פַּעַם (H6471)Prepositional phraseפַּעַם (H6471) 'foot-fall, occurrence, time'; used idiomatically for counting occurrences.
בְּפַ֨עַם֙at the timeprep + N com f sg abs · פַּעַם (H6471)Prepositional phraseפַּעַם (H6471) 'foot-fall, occurrence, time'; used idiomatically for counting occurrences.
וְאִנָּעֵ֔רand shook offconj וְ + Niphal impf 1cs · נָעַר (H5287)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalנָעַר (H5287) Piel 'to shake off, shake out'; vivid image of YHWH shaking Egypt from the sea like debris from a garment.
וְהוּא֙and heconj וְ + pron 3ms · הִיא (H1931)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)הוּא (H1931), independent pronoun, quasi-copula.
לֹ֣אnotneg. · לֹא (H3808)Negative particleלֹא (H3808).
יָדַ֔עhe knewQal perf 3ms · יָדַע (H3045)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed act'to know'; Niphal (v.3) 'to make oneself known'; Qal (v.7) 'to know' experientially through the exodus.
כִּ֥יforconj וְ · כִּי (H3588)Coordinating conjunctionכִּי (H3588).
יְהוָ֖הYHWHN proper · יְהוָה (H3068)Proper nameיְהוָה (H3068).
סָ֥רhe turned asideQal perf 3ms · סוּר (H5493)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actסוּר (H5493) 'to turn aside, depart'; the first step of the apostasy-sequence — deviation from the commanded way.
מֵעָלָֽיוfrom upon himprep + prep + sfx 3ms · עַל (H5921)Prepositional phraseעַל (H5921) 'on, upon'.
21

וַיֹּאחֲז֣וּהוּ פְלִשְׁתִּ֔ים וַֽיְנַקְּר֖וּ אֶת עֵינָ֑יו וַיּוֹרִ֨ידוּ אוֹת֜וֹ עַזָּ֗תָה וַיַּאַסְר֨וּהוּ֙ בַּֽנְחֻשְׁתַּ֔יִם וַיְהִ֥י טוֹחֵ֖ן בְּבֵ֥ית האסירים הָאֲסוּרִֽים

And the Philistines seized him and gouged out his eyes and brought him down to Gaza and bound him with bronze, and he became a grinder in the prison house.

Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action. Lead predicate is 'and they took hold'.
Word-by-word analysis· 15 words
וַיֹּאחֲז֣וּהוּand they took holdconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3mp + sfx 3ms · אָחַז (H270)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceאָחַז (H270) Qal 'seize, grasp, take hold'; the hand firmly grasping the instrument of judgment. source id 051of.
פְלִשְׁתִּ֔יםthe PhilistinesN gentilic m pl abs · פְּלִשְׁתִּי (H6430)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)פְּלִשְׁתִּי (H6430), gentilic of פְּלֶשֶׁת; the short Mediterranean coastal road (later 'Via Maris'), avoided precisely because it was the most direct and most militarily exposed route.
וַֽיְנַקְּר֖וּwill you gouge outconj וְ + Piel wayyiqtol 3mp · נָקַר (H5365)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceנָקַר (H5365) Piel 'to bore out, gouge'; a violent idiom for total deceit/blinding, the climax of the Reubenites' accusation against Moses.
אֶת(obj)obj marker · אֵת (H853)Direct-object markerאֵת (H853), nota accusativi; untranslated.
עֵינָ֑יוhis eyesN com c du constr + sfx 3ms · עַיִן (H5869)Construct chain (genitival)עַיִן (H5869) 'eye'.
וַיּוֹרִ֨ידוּand went downconj וְ + Hiphil wayyiqtol 3mp · יָרַד (H3381)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceיָרַד (H3381) 'to go down'; Hiphil causative, 'to bring down' — the fruit is carried down from the hill country to Moses and the people at the camp.
אוֹת֜וֹhimobj marker + sfx 3ms · אֵת (H853)Direct-object markerאֵת (H853), nota accusativi; untranslated.
עַזָּ֗תָהGazaN proper + Sd · עַזָּה (H5804)Proper nameעַזָּה (H5804), Gaza, the southernmost of the Philistine cities, marking the geographic extent of Avvim settlement.
וַיַּאַסְר֨וּהוּ֙she boundconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3mp + sfx 3ms · אָסַר (H631)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceאָסַר Qal perfect 3fs.
בַּֽנְחֻשְׁתַּ֔יִםbronzeprep + art + N com f du abs · נְחֹשֶׁת (H5178)Prepositional phraseנְחֹשֶׁת (H5178) 'bronze'.
וַיְהִ֥יand it happenedconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · הָיָה (H1961)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceהָיָה (H1961) 'to be, become'.
טוֹחֵ֖ןgrindingQal ptc ms · טָחַן (H2912)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorטָחַן (H2912) 'to grind'; the infinitive absolute describes the method of pulverizing the metal to powder.
בְּבֵ֥יתin the houseprep + N com m sg constr · בַּיִת (H1004)Prepositional phraseבַּיִת (H1004) 'house, household'; both the physical house whose door is marked with blood and the family unit gathered to eat the lamb together.
האסיריםthe prisoners ofart + N com m pl abs · אָסִיר (H615)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אָסִיר (H615) 'prisoner, captive'; the nominal form of the same root as אָסַר (H631). אֲסִירֵי הַמֶּלֶךְ = 'the king's prisoners' — men of rank or political significance detained by royal authority. Joseph's presence among them positions him for the encounters of Gen 40.
הָאֲסוּרִֽיםshe boundart + Qal ptc mp · אָסַר (H631)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorאָסַר Qal perfect 3fs.
22

וַיָּ֧חֶל שְׂעַר רֹאשׁ֛וֹ לְצַמֵּ֖חַ כַּאֲשֶׁ֥ר גֻּלָּֽח

And the hair of his head began to grow again after it had been shaved.

Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action. Lead predicate is 'and he began'.
Word-by-word analysis· 6 words
וַיָּ֧חֶלand he beganconj וְ + Hiphil wayyiqtol 3ms · חָלַל (H2490)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceחָלַל (H2490) Hiphil 'to begin'; מֵהָחֵל, 'from the beginning of,' fixes the starting point of the seven-week count to the sickle's first use.
שְׂעַרhairN com m sg constr · שֵׂעָר (H8181)Construct chain (genitival)שֵׂעָר (H8181) 'hair'; m sg abs; genitive of the construct: 'a mantle of hair'; the hairiness links to the name שֵׂעִיר (Seir, Esau's territory) and prepares the narrative texture.
רֹאשׁ֛וֹhis headN com m sg constr + sfx 3ms · רֹאשׁ (H7218)Construct chain (genitival)רֹאשׁ (H7218) 'head'.
לְצַמֵּ֖חַsproutingprep + Piel inf constr · צָמַח (H6779)Infinitive construct→ Infinitive construct: purpose, result, or complementצָמַח (H6779) in Hiphil 'to cause to sprout, produce growth'; the land cannot even spontaneously vegetate.
כַּאֲשֶׁ֥רjust asprep + rel. שֶׁ · אֲשֶׁר (H834)Relative particleאֲשֶׁר (H834).
גֻּלָּֽחhe shall shavePual perf 3ms · גָּלַח (H1548)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actגָּלַח (H1548) 'to shave'; Piel, the woman herself performs this mourning rite — subject shifts from the man to her.
23

וְסַרְנֵ֣י פְלִשְׁתִּ֗ים נֶֽאֱסְפוּ֙ לִזְבֹּ֧חַ זֶֽבַח גָּד֛וֹל לְדָג֥וֹן אֱלֹהֵיהֶ֖ם וּלְשִׂמְחָ֑ה וַיֹּ֣אמְר֔וּ נָתַ֤ן אֱלֹהֵ֨ינוּ֙ בְּיָדֵ֔נוּ אֵ֖ת שִׁמְשׁ֥וֹן אוֹיְבֵֽינוּ

And the lords of the Philistines gathered to offer a great sacrifice to Dagon their god and for joy, and they said, Our god has given into our hand Samson our enemy.

Qatal — perfective or stative predication
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Qatal — perfective or stative predication. Lead predicate is 'were gathered'. Speech formula or quoted address.
Word-by-word analysis· 16 words
וְסַרְנֵ֣יthe lords ofconj וְ + N com m pl constr · סֶרֶן (H5633)Construct chain (genitival)סֶרֶן (H5633) 'lord, axis-ruler'; a distinctively Philistine title (perhaps cognate with Aegean 'tyrannos') for each of the five city-rulers.
פְלִשְׁתִּ֗יםthe PhilistinesN gentilic m pl abs · פְּלִשְׁתִּי (H6430)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)פְּלִשְׁתִּי (H6430), gentilic of פְּלֶשֶׁת; the short Mediterranean coastal road (later 'Via Maris'), avoided precisely because it was the most direct and most militarily exposed route.
נֶֽאֱסְפוּ֙were gatheredNiphal perf 3cp · אָסַף (H622)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actאָסַף (H622) 'to gather, gather in'; weqatal continuing the apodosis chain, the harvest ingathering that follows the two rains.
לִזְבֹּ֧חַto sacrificeprep + Qal inf constr · זָבַח (H2076)Infinitive construct→ Infinitive construct: purpose, result, or complementזָבַח (H2076) 'to slaughter/sacrifice'; the cultic act Israel seeks permission to perform.
זֶֽבַחthe sacrifice ofN com m sg abs · זֶבַח (H2077)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)זֶבַח (H2077) 'sacrifice, slaughter-offering', from זבח 'to slaughter'; here with conjunction and preposition opening the peace-offering unit.
גָּד֛וֹלgreatAdj · גָּדוֹל (H1419)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)גָּדוֹל (H1419), see v.2.
לְדָג֥וֹןDagonprep + N proper · H1712Proper nameH1712 'Dagon'.
אֱלֹהֵיהֶ֖םtheir godsN com m pl constr + sfx 3mp · אֱלֹהִים (H430)Construct chain (genitival)אֱלֹהִים (H430); see v.1.
וּלְשִׂמְחָ֑הwith joyconj וְ + prep + N com f sg abs · שִׂמְחָה (H8057)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שִׂמְחָה (H8057) 'joy, gladness'; the missing quality of service — not merely obedience but glad-hearted worship.
וַיֹּ֣אמְר֔וּand they saidconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3mp · אָמַר (H559)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceאָמַר (H559).
נָתַ֤ןis givingQal perf 3ms · נָתַן (H5414)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actנָתַן (H5414) 'to give'.
אֱלֹהֵ֨ינוּ֙our GodN com m pl constr + sfx 1cp · אֱלֹהִים (H430)Construct chain (genitival)אֱלֹהִים (H430); see v.1.
בְּיָדֵ֔נוּinto our handprep + N com c sg constr + sfx 1cp · יָד (H3027)Prepositional phraseיָד (H3027) 'hand'.
אֵ֖ת(obj)obj marker · אֵת (H853)Direct-object markerאֵת (H853), nota accusativi; untranslated.
שִׁמְשׁ֥וֹןSamsonN proper · H8123Proper nameH8123 'Samson'.
אוֹיְבֵֽינוּyour enemiesQal ptc mp + sfx 1cp · אֹיֵב (H341)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorאֹיֵב (H341) + 3mp suffix.
24

וַיִּרְא֤וּ אֹתוֹ֙ הָעָ֔ם וַֽיְהַלְל֖וּ אֶת אֱלֹהֵיהֶ֑ם כִּ֣י אָמְר֗וּ נָתַ֨ן אֱלֹהֵ֤ינוּ בְיָדֵ֨נוּ֙ אֶת א֣וֹיְבֵ֔נוּ וְאֵת֙ מַחֲרִ֣יב אַרְצֵ֔נוּ וַאֲשֶׁ֥ר הִרְבָּ֖ה אֶת חֲלָלֵֽינוּ

And the people saw him and praised their god, for they said, Our god has given into our hand our enemy and the ravager of our land, who multiplied our slain.

Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action. Lead predicate is 'and they saw'. Speech formula or quoted address.
Word-by-word analysis· 20 words
וַיִּרְא֤וּand they sawconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3mp · רָאָה (H7200)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceרָאָה (H7200).
אֹתוֹ֙himobj marker + sfx 3ms · אֵת (H853)Direct-object markerאֵת (H853), nota accusativi; untranslated.
הָעָ֔םthe peopleart + N com m sg abs · עַם (H5971)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עַם (H5971); see v.7.
וַֽיְהַלְל֖וּand they praisedconj וְ + Piel wayyiqtol 3mp · הָלַל (H1984)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceהָלַל (H1984) Piel 'to praise, commend, boast about'; the Piel denotes active, intensive praise; the officials 'praised' Sarai to Pharaoh — a courtly act of commendation that brings her to the king's attention.
אֶת(obj)obj marker · אֵת (H853)Direct-object markerאֵת (H853), nota accusativi; untranslated.
אֱלֹהֵיהֶ֑םtheir godsN com m pl constr + sfx 3mp · אֱלֹהִים (H430)Construct chain (genitival)אֱלֹהִים (H430); see v.1.
כִּ֣יforconj וְ · כִּי (H3588)Coordinating conjunctionכִּי (H3588).
אָמְר֗וּthey saidQal perf 3cp · אָמַר (H559)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actאָמַר (H559).
נָתַ֨ןis givingQal perf 3ms · נָתַן (H5414)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actנָתַן (H5414) 'to give'.
אֱלֹהֵ֤ינוּour GodN com m pl constr + sfx 1cp · אֱלֹהִים (H430)Construct chain (genitival)אֱלֹהִים (H430); see v.1.
בְיָדֵ֨נוּ֙into our handprep + N com c sg constr + sfx 1cp · יָד (H3027)Prepositional phraseיָד (H3027) 'hand'.
אֶת(obj)obj marker · אֵת (H853)Direct-object markerאֵת (H853), nota accusativi; untranslated.
א֣וֹיְבֵ֔נוּyour enemiesQal ptc ms + sfx 1cp · אֹיֵב (H341)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorאֹיֵב (H341) + 3mp suffix.
וְאֵת֙and [obj]conj וְ + obj marker · אֵת (H853)Direct-object markerאֵת (H853), nota accusativi; untranslated.
מַחֲרִ֣יבhad dried upHiphil ptc ms · חָרַב (H2717)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorחָרַב (H2717) 'to be dry, desolate'; the same root used for dry land in Gen 7:22; the flood waters are gone.
אַרְצֵ֔נוּour landN com c sg constr + sfx 1cp · אֶרֶץ (H776)Construct chain (genitival)אֶרֶץ (H776) 'land'.
וַאֲשֶׁ֥רand whoconj וְ + rel. שֶׁ · אֲשֶׁר (H834)Relative particleאֲשֶׁר (H834).
הִרְבָּ֖הgreatlyHiphil perf 3ms · רָבָה (H7235)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actרָבָה (H7235) 'to be(come) many'; Hiphil causative, 'to multiply, make numerous' — fulfillment language echoing the patriarchal promise of innumerable offspring.
אֶת(obj)obj marker · אֵת (H853)Direct-object markerאֵת (H853), nota accusativi; untranslated.
חֲלָלֵֽינוּthe slainAdj + sfx 1cp · חָלָל (H2491)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)חָלָל (H2491) properly 'pierced, fatally wounded'; used substantivally for a corpse — the anonymous slain man whose unknown killer triggers the whole rite.
25

וַֽיְהִי֙ כי טוב כְּט֣וֹב לִבָּ֔ם וַיֹּ֣אמְר֔וּ קִרְא֥וּ לְשִׁמְשׁ֖וֹן וִישַֽׂחֶק לָ֑נוּ וַיִּקְרְא֨וּ לְשִׁמְשׁ֜וֹן מִבֵּ֣ית האסירים הָאֲסוּרִ֗ים וַיְצַחֵק֙ לִפְנֵיהֶ֔ם וַיַּעֲמִ֥ידוּ אוֹת֖וֹ בֵּ֥ין הָעַמּוּדִֽים

And when their heart was merry they said, Call Samson, that he may play for us. And they called Samson from the prison house, and he played before them, and they stood him between the pillars.

Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action. Wayyehî scene-setting or temporal hinge. Speech formula or quoted address.
Word-by-word analysis· 21 words
וַֽיְהִי֙and it happenedconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · הָיָה (H1961)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceהָיָה (H1961) 'to be, become'.
כיforconj וְ · כִּי (H3588)Coordinating conjunctionכִּי (H3588).
טובgoodQal perf 3ms · טוֹב (H2896)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actטוֹב (H2896) good
כְּט֣וֹבas is goodprep + Qal inf constr · טוֹב (H2896)Infinitive construct→ Infinitive construct: purpose, result, or complementטוֹב (H2896) good
לִבָּ֔םtheir heartN com m sg constr + sfx 3mp · לֵב (H3820)Construct chain (genitival)לֵב (H3820).
וַיֹּ֣אמְר֔וּand they saidconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3mp · אָמַר (H559)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceאָמַר (H559).
קִרְא֥וּand he calledQal impv 2mp · קָרָא (H7121)Predicate verb (imperative)→ Volitional: imperativeקָרָא (H7121) 'to call, summon'.
לְשִׁמְשׁ֖וֹןSamsonprep + N proper · H8123Proper nameH8123 'Samson'.
וִישַֽׂחֶקandconj וְ + Piel impf 3ms · H7832Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalH7832 'and'.
לָ֑נוּto usprep + sfx 1cpPrepositional phraseFunction word: 'to us'.
וַיִּקְרְא֨וּand they calledconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3mp · קָרָא (H7121)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceקָרָא (H7121) 'to call, summon'.
לְשִׁמְשׁ֜וֹןSamsonprep + N proper · H8123Proper nameH8123 'Samson'.
מִבֵּ֣יתfrom the house ofprep + N com m sg constr · בַּיִת (H1004)Prepositional phraseבַּיִת (H1004) 'house, household'; both the physical house whose door is marked with blood and the family unit gathered to eat the lamb together.
האסיריםthe prisoners ofart + N com m pl abs · אָסִיר (H615)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אָסִיר (H615) 'prisoner, captive'; the nominal form of the same root as אָסַר (H631). אֲסִירֵי הַמֶּלֶךְ = 'the king's prisoners' — men of rank or political significance detained by royal authority. Joseph's presence among them positions him for the encounters of Gen 40.
הָאֲסוּרִ֗יםshe boundart + Qal ptc mp · אָסַר (H631)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorאָסַר Qal perfect 3fs.
וַיְצַחֵק֙and laughedconj וְ + Piel wayyiqtol 3ms · צָחַק (H6711)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceצָחַק (H6711) 'to laugh'; the root of the name יִצְחָק (Isaac); Abraham's response is delight, wonder, and incredulity.
לִפְנֵיהֶ֔םbefore themprep + N com c pl constr + sfx 3mp · פָּנִים (H6440)Prepositional phraseפָּנִים (H6440) 'face'; here Moses' face, before which the glory passes — echoing 33:20-23 where YHWH's own פָּנִים could not be seen directly, only his 'back.'
וַיַּעֲמִ֥ידוּstandingconj וְ + Hiphil wayyiqtol 3mp · עָמַד (H5975)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceעָמַד (H5975) 'to stand'.
אוֹת֖וֹhimobj marker + sfx 3ms · אֵת (H853)Direct-object markerאֵת (H853), nota accusativi; untranslated.
בֵּ֥יןbetweenprep · בֵּין (H996)Prepositional phraseבֵּין (H996) 'between'.
הָעַמּוּדִֽיםthe pillarsart + N com m pl abs · עַמּוּד (H5982)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עַמּוּד (H5982) 'pillar'.
26

וַיֹּ֨אמֶר שִׁמְשׁ֜וֹן אֶל הַנַּ֨עַר הַמַּחֲזִ֣יק בְּיָדוֹ֮ הַנִּ֣יחָה אוֹתִי֒ והימשני וַהֲמִשֵׁ֨נִי֙ אֶת הָֽעַמֻּדִ֔ים אֲשֶׁ֥ר הַבַּ֖יִת נָכ֣וֹן עֲלֵיהֶ֑ם וְאֶשָּׁעֵ֖ן עֲלֵיהֶֽם

And Samson said to the boy who held him by the hand, Let me rest, and let me feel the pillars on which the house is established, that I may lean on them.

Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action. Lead predicate is 'and he said'. Speech formula or quoted address.
Word-by-word analysis· 18 words
וַיֹּ֨אמֶרand he saidconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · אָמַר (H559)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceאָמַר (H559).
שִׁמְשׁ֜וֹןSamsonN proper · H8123Proper nameH8123 'Samson'.
אֶלtoprep · אֶל (H413)Prepositional phraseאֶל (H413) 'to, toward'.
הַנַּ֨עַרthe boyart + N com m sg abs · נַעַר (H5288)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)נַעַר (H5288) 'youth, young man'; paired with זָקֵן for a merism of all ages, none spared.
הַמַּחֲזִ֣יקbe strongart + Hiphil ptc ms · חָזַק (H2388)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorחָזַק (H2388) 'to be strong'; Piel here causative, 'strengthen, embolden'; the same charge God will repeat directly to Joshua in 3:28 and 31:23.
בְּיָדוֹ֮in his handprep + N com c sg constr + sfx 3ms · יָד (H3027)Prepositional phraseיָד (H3027) 'hand'.
הַנִּ֣יחָהand you shall depositHiphil impv 2ms + Sh · נוּחַ (H3240)Predicate verb (imperative)→ Volitional: imperativeנוּחַ (H3240) 'to rest'; Hiphil causative 'cause to rest, deposit, leave' — storing the tithe locally rather than carrying it to the sanctuary, the key structural difference from the annual tithe.
אוֹתִי֒meobj marker + sfx 1cs · אֵת (H853)Direct-object markerאֵת (H853), nota accusativi; untranslated.
והימשניandconj וְ + Hiphil impv 2ms + sfx 1cs · H3237Predicate verb (imperative)→ Volitional: imperativeH3237 'and'.
וַהֲמִשֵׁ֨נִי֙so I may feel youconj וְ + Hiphil impv 2ms + sfx 1cs · מָשַׁשׁ (H4184)Predicate verb (imperative)→ Volitional: imperativeמָשַׁשׁ (H4184) 'to feel by touch'; cohort = Isaac's intended act of verification.
אֶת(obj)obj marker · אֵת (H853)Direct-object markerאֵת (H853), nota accusativi; untranslated.
הָֽעַמֻּדִ֔יםthe pillarsart + N com m pl abs · עַמּוּד (H5982)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עַמּוּד (H5982) 'pillar'.
אֲשֶׁ֥רthatrel. שֶׁ · אֲשֶׁר (H834)Relative particleאֲשֶׁר (H834).
הַבַּ֖יִתthe houseart + N com m sg abs · בַּיִת (H1004)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)בַּיִת (H1004) 'house, household'; both the physical house whose door is marked with blood and the family unit gathered to eat the lamb together.
נָכ֣וֹןconfirmedNiphal ptc ms · כּוּן (H3559)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorכּוּן (H3559) Hiphil 'to prepare, make ready'; parallels בְּנֵה in a coordinated command pair.
עֲלֵיהֶ֑םupon themprep + sfx 3mp · עַל (H5921)Prepositional phraseעַל (H5921) 'on, upon'.
וְאֶשָּׁעֵ֖ןand restconj וְ + Niphal impf 1cs · שָׁעַן (H8172)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalשָׁעַן (H8172) 'to lean, rest, support oneself'; Niphal reflexive 'rest yourselves'; after washing feet the guests are invited to recline in the shade.
עֲלֵיהֶֽםupon themprep + sfx 3mp · עַל (H5921)Prepositional phraseעַל (H5921) 'on, upon'.
27

וְהַבַּ֗יִת מָלֵ֤א הָֽאֲנָשִׁים֙ וְהַנָּשִׁ֔ים וְשָׁ֕מָּה כֹּ֖ל סַרְנֵ֣י פְלִשְׁתִּ֑ים וְעַל הַגָּ֗ג כִּשְׁלֹ֤שֶׁת אֲלָפִים֙ אִ֣ישׁ וְאִשָּׁ֔ה הָרֹאִ֖ים בִּשְׂח֥וֹק שִׁמְשֽׁוֹן

And the house was full of the men and the women, and there were all the lords of the Philistines, and on the roof about three thousand men and women looking on while Samson played.

Qatal — perfective or stative predication
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Qatal — perfective or stative predication. Lead predicate is 'he wholly followed'.
Word-by-word analysis· 17 words
וְהַבַּ֗יִתand the householdconj וְ + art + N com m sg abs · בַּיִת (H1004)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)בַּיִת (H1004) 'house, household'; both the physical house whose door is marked with blood and the family unit gathered to eat the lamb together.
מָלֵ֤אhe wholly followedQal perf 3ms · מָלֵא (H4390)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actמָלֵא (H4390) 'to fill, be full'; Piel here in the idiom מִלֵּא אַחֲרֵי, literally 'he filled after,' i.e., 'he fully/wholly followed' — a distinctive Hebrew idiom for total, undivided devotion (cf. Num 14:24; 32:12), contrasted with the majority's half-hearted, faithless following.
הָֽאֲנָשִׁים֙the menart + N com m pl abs · אִישׁ (H376)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אִישׁ (H376).
וְהַנָּשִׁ֔יםand the womenconj וְ + art + N com f pl abs · אִשָּׁה (H802)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אִשָּׁה (H802), woman, wife
וְשָׁ֕מָּהbut thereconj וְ + art + Sd · שָׁם (H8033)Coordinating conjunctionשָׁם (H8033) 'there', with directional ה.
כֹּ֖לallN com m sg constr · כֹּל (H3605)Construct chain (genitival)כֹּל (H3605).
סַרְנֵ֣יthe lords ofN com m pl constr · סֶרֶן (H5633)Construct chain (genitival)סֶרֶן (H5633) 'lord, axis-ruler'; a distinctively Philistine title (perhaps cognate with Aegean 'tyrannos') for each of the five city-rulers.
פְלִשְׁתִּ֑יםthe PhilistinesN gentilic m pl abs · פְּלִשְׁתִּי (H6430)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)פְּלִשְׁתִּי (H6430), gentilic of פְּלֶשֶׁת; the short Mediterranean coastal road (later 'Via Maris'), avoided precisely because it was the most direct and most militarily exposed route.
וְעַלand onconj וְ + prep · עַל (H5921)Coordinating conjunctionעַל (H5921) 'on, upon'.
הַגָּ֗גthe roofart + N com m sg abs · גָּג (H1406)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)גָּג (H1406) 'roof'; flat roofs in Israelite houses served as living and working space, hence the safety requirement.
כִּשְׁלֹ֤שֶׁתabout threeprep + Adj c · שָׁלוֹשׁ (H7969)Prepositional phraseשְׁלֹשָׁה (H7969) 'three'.
אֲלָפִים֙thousandAdj c · אֶלֶף (H505)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֶלֶף (H505) 'thousand'.
אִ֣ישׁa manN com m sg abs · אִישׁ (H376)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אִישׁ (H376).
וְאִשָּׁ֔הand a womanconj וְ + N com f sg abs · אִשָּׁה (H802)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אִשָּׁה (H802), woman, wife
הָרֹאִ֖יםwho have seenart + Qal ptc mp · רָאָה (H7200)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorרָאָה (H7200).
בִּשְׂח֥וֹקinprep + Qal inf constr · H7832Infinitive construct→ Infinitive construct: purpose, result, or complementH7832 'in'.
שִׁמְשֽׁוֹןSamsonN proper · H8123Proper nameH8123 'Samson'.
28

וַיִּקְרָ֥א שִׁמְשׁ֛וֹן אֶל יְהוָ֖ה וַיֹּאמַ֑ר אֲדֹנָ֣י יֱהֹוִ֡ה זָכְרֵ֣נִי נָא֩ וְחַזְּקֵ֨נִי נָ֜א אַ֣ךְ הַפַּ֤עַם הַזֶּה֙ הָאֱלֹהִ֔ים וְאִנָּקְמָ֧ה נְקַם אַחַ֛ת מִשְּׁתֵ֥י עֵינַ֖י מִפְּלִשְׁתִּֽים

And Samson called to YHWH and said, Lord YHWH, remember me, please, and strengthen me, please, only this once, O God, that I may be avenged the revenge of one of my two eyes from the Philistines.

Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action. Lead predicate is 'and he called'. Speech formula or quoted address.
Word-by-word analysis· 21 words
וַיִּקְרָ֥אand he calledconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · קָרָא (H7121)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceקָרָא (H7121) 'to call, summon'.
שִׁמְשׁ֛וֹןSamsonN proper · H8123Proper nameH8123 'Samson'.
אֶלtoprep · אֶל (H413)Prepositional phraseאֶל (H413) 'to, toward'.
יְהוָ֖הYHWHN proper · יְהוָה (H3068)Proper nameיְהוָה (H3068).
וַיֹּאמַ֑רand he saidconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · אָמַר (H559)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceאָמַר (H559).
אֲדֹנָ֣יmy LordN com m pl constr + sfx 1cs · אֲדֹנָי (H136)Construct chain (genitival)אֲדֹנָי (H136) 'my Lord/Master', plural of majesty with 1cs suffix; a reverent form of address used when speaking directly and intimately to YHWH.
יֱהֹוִ֡הYHWHN proper · יְהוִה (H3069)Proper nameיְהוִה (H3069), a form of the Tetragrammaton traditionally read 'Adonai Elohim' to avoid doubling 'Adonai.' Source id 057rm.
זָכְרֵ֣נִיand you shall rememberQal impv 2ms + sfx 1cs · זָכַר (H2142)Predicate verb (imperative)→ Volitional: imperativeזָכַר (H2142) 'to remember, call to mind'; the recurring Deuteronomic imperative of covenant memory, here grounding the command in Israel's own history.
נָא֩pleaseparticle · נָא (H4994)Particle or relational elementנָא (H4994) 'please'.
וְחַזְּקֵ֨נִיbe strongconj וְ + Piel impv 2ms + sfx 1cs · חָזַק (H2388)Predicate verb (imperative)→ Volitional: imperativeחָזַק (H2388) 'to be strong'; Piel here causative, 'strengthen, embolden'; the same charge God will repeat directly to Joshua in 3:28 and 31:23.
נָ֜אpleaseparticle · נָא (H4994)Particle or relational elementנָא (H4994) 'please'.
אַ֣ךְonlyparticle · אַךְ (H389)Particle or relational elementאַךְ (H389) 'surely, just'; introduces the comparison confirming the analogy already made in v.15. Source id 05RDi.
הַפַּ֤עַםthis timeart + N com f sg abs · פַּעַם (H6471)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)פַּעַם (H6471) 'foot-fall, occurrence, time'; used idiomatically for counting occurrences.
הַזֶּה֙thisart + dem. pron xms · זֶה (H2088)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)זֶה (H2088) 'this'.
הָאֱלֹהִ֔יםGodart + N com m pl abs · אֱלֹהִים (H430)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֱלֹהִים (H430); see v.1.
וְאִנָּקְמָ֧הhe shall be punishedconj וְ + Niphal impf 1cs · נָקַם (H5358)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalנָקַם (H5358) Qal 'avenge'; the verbal cognate of v.35's נָקָם, now enacted. source id 05V76.
נְקַםvengeanceN com m sg constr · נָקָם (H5359)Construct chain (genitival)נָקָם (H5359) 'vengeance, retribution'; YHWH's exclusive prerogative — the theological basis for prohibiting personal vengeance (cf. Lev 19:18). source id 05nan.
אַחַ֛תoneAdj c · אֶחָד (H259)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֶחָד (H259) 'one' masc., from the root אחד; numbers a single item in the fixed offering inventory.
מִשְּׁתֵ֥יtwoprep + Adj c det · שְׁנַיִם (H8147)Prepositional phraseשְׁנַיִם (H8147) 'two', dual form of a root meaning 'to repeat, double'; counts the peace-offering oxen.
עֵינַ֖יthe eyes ofN com c du constr + sfx 1cs · עַיִן (H5869)Construct chain (genitival)עַיִן (H5869) 'eye'.
מִפְּלִשְׁתִּֽיםthe Philistinesprep + N gentilic m pl abs · פְּלִשְׁתִּי (H6430)Prepositional phraseפְּלִשְׁתִּי (H6430), gentilic of פְּלֶשֶׁת; the short Mediterranean coastal road (later 'Via Maris'), avoided precisely because it was the most direct and most militarily exposed route.
29

וַיִּלְפֹּ֨ת שִׁמְשׁ֜וֹן אֶת שְׁנֵ֣י עַמּוּדֵ֣י הַתָּ֗וֶךְ אֲשֶׁ֤ר הַבַּ֨יִת֙ נָכ֣וֹן עֲלֵיהֶ֔ם וַיִּסָּמֵ֖ךְ עֲלֵיהֶ֑ם אֶחָ֥ד בִּימִינ֖וֹ וְאֶחָ֥ד בִּשְׂמֹאלֽוֹ

And Samson grasped the two middle pillars on which the house was established, and he leaned on them, one with his right and one with his left.

Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action.
Word-by-word analysis· 16 words
וַיִּלְפֹּ֨תandconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · H3943Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceH3943 'and'.
שִׁמְשׁ֜וֹןSamsonN proper · H8123Proper nameH8123 'Samson'.
אֶת(obj)obj marker · אֵת (H853)Direct-object markerאֵת (H853), nota accusativi; untranslated.
שְׁנֵ֣יtwo ofAdj c det · שְׁנַיִם (H8147)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שְׁנַיִם (H8147) 'two', dual form of a root meaning 'to repeat, double'; counts the peace-offering oxen.
עַמּוּדֵ֣יpillars ofN com m pl constr · עַמּוּד (H5982)Construct chain (genitival)עַמּוּד (H5982) 'pillar'.
הַתָּ֗וֶךְin the midst ofart + N com m sg abs · תָּוֶךְ (H8432)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)תָּוֶךְ (H8432) 'midst'.
אֲשֶׁ֤רthatrel. שֶׁ · אֲשֶׁר (H834)Relative particleאֲשֶׁר (H834).
הַבַּ֨יִת֙the houseart + N com m sg abs · בַּיִת (H1004)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)בַּיִת (H1004) 'house, household'; both the physical house whose door is marked with blood and the family unit gathered to eat the lamb together.
נָכ֣וֹןconfirmedNiphal ptc ms · כּוּן (H3559)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorכּוּן (H3559) Hiphil 'to prepare, make ready'; parallels בְּנֵה in a coordinated command pair.
עֲלֵיהֶ֔םupon themprep + sfx 3mp · עַל (H5921)Prepositional phraseעַל (H5921) 'on, upon'.
וַיִּסָּמֵ֖ךְlaidconj וְ + Niphal wayyiqtol 3ms · סָמַךְ (H5564)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceסָמַךְ (H5564) — see v. 10.
עֲלֵיהֶ֑םupon themprep + sfx 3mp · עַל (H5921)Prepositional phraseעַל (H5921) 'on, upon'.
אֶחָ֥דoneAdj c · אֶחָד (H259)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֶחָד (H259) 'one' masc., from the root אחד; numbers a single item in the fixed offering inventory.
בִּימִינ֖וֹin his right handprep + N com f sg constr + sfx 3ms · יָמִין (H3225)Prepositional phraseיָמִין (H3225) 'right hand/side'.
וְאֶחָ֥דand oneconj וְ + Adj c · אֶחָד (H259)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֶחָד (H259) 'one' masc., from the root אחד; numbers a single item in the fixed offering inventory.
בִּשְׂמֹאלֽוֹin his left handprep + N com m sg constr + sfx 3ms · שְׂמֹאל (H8040)Prepositional phraseשְׂמֹאל (H8040) 'left (hand/side)'; completes the idiom of total, unwavering obedience (cf. Josh 1:7; Deut 5:32; 28:14).
30

וַיֹּ֣אמֶר שִׁמְשׁ֗וֹן תָּמ֣וֹת נַפְשִׁי֮ עִם פְּלִשְׁתִּים֒ וַיֵּ֣ט בְּכֹ֔חַ וַיִּפֹּ֤ל הַבַּ֨יִת֙ עַל הַסְּרָנִ֔ים וְעַל כָּל הָעָ֖ם אֲשֶׁר בּ֑וֹ וַיִּהְי֤וּ הַמֵּתִים֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר הֵמִ֣ית בְּמוֹת֔וֹ רַבִּ֕ים מֵאֲשֶׁ֥ר הֵמִ֖ית בְּחַיָּֽיו

And Samson said, Let me die with the Philistines. And he stretched with strength, and the house fell on the lords and on all the people who were in it. And the dead whom he killed in his death were more than those he had killed in his life.

Let me die with the Philistines
The house falls; more dead in his death than in his life — the 'beginning' of salvation (13:5) ends in a grave between Zorah and Eshtaol.
Word-by-word analysis· 26 words
וַיֹּ֣אמֶרand he saidconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · אָמַר (H559)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceאָמַר (H559).
שִׁמְשׁ֗וֹןSamsonN proper · H8123Proper nameH8123 'Samson'.
תָּמ֣וֹתyou shall dieQal impf 3fs · מוּת (H4191)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalמוּת (H4191) 'to die'.
נַפְשִׁי֮my soulN com c sg constr + sfx 1cs · נֶפֶשׁ (H5315)Construct chain (genitival)נֶפֶשׁ (H5315), see v.28.
עִםwithprep · עִם (H5973)Prepositional phraseעִם (H5973) 'with'.
פְּלִשְׁתִּים֒the PhilistinesN gentilic m pl abs · פְּלִשְׁתִּי (H6430)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)פְּלִשְׁתִּי (H6430), gentilic of פְּלֶשֶׁת; the short Mediterranean coastal road (later 'Via Maris'), avoided precisely because it was the most direct and most militarily exposed route.
וַיֵּ֣טand he stretched outconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · נָטָה (H5186)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceנָטָה (H5186).
בְּכֹ֔חַin power;prep + N com m sg abs · כֹּחַ (H3581)Prepositional phraseכֹּחַ (H3581) 'strength, power'; the divine might behind the Exodus deliverance.
וַיִּפֹּ֤לand he fellconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · נָפַל (H5307)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceנָפַל (H5307) 'to fall'.
הַבַּ֨יִת֙the houseart + N com m sg abs · בַּיִת (H1004)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)בַּיִת (H1004) 'house, household'; both the physical house whose door is marked with blood and the family unit gathered to eat the lamb together.
עַלonprep · עַל (H5921)Prepositional phraseעַל (H5921) 'on, upon'.
הַסְּרָנִ֔יםthe lords ofart + N com m pl abs · סֶרֶן (H5633)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)סֶרֶן (H5633) 'lord, axis-ruler'; a distinctively Philistine title (perhaps cognate with Aegean 'tyrannos') for each of the five city-rulers.
וְעַלand onconj וְ + prep · עַל (H5921)Coordinating conjunctionעַל (H5921) 'on, upon'.
כָּלallN com m sg constr · כֹּל (H3605)Construct chain (genitival)כֹּל (H3605).
הָעָ֖םthe peopleart + N com m sg abs · עַם (H5971)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עַם (H5971); see v.7.
אֲשֶׁרthatrel. שֶׁ · אֲשֶׁר (H834)Relative particleאֲשֶׁר (H834).
בּ֑וֹin itprep + sfx 3msPrepositional phraseFunction word: 'in it'.
וַיִּהְי֤וּand they wereconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3mp · הָיָה (H1961)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceהָיָה (H1961) 'to be, become'.
הַמֵּתִים֙the deadart + Qal ptc mp · מוּת (H4191)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorמוּת (H4191) 'to die'.
אֲשֶׁ֣רthatrel. שֶׁ · אֲשֶׁר (H834)Relative particleאֲשֶׁר (H834).
הֵמִ֣יתto put to deathHiphil perf 3ms · מוּת (H4191)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actמוּת (H4191) 'to die'.
בְּמוֹת֔וֹthe death ofprep + N com m sg constr + sfx 3ms · מָוֶת (H4194)Prepositional phraseמָוֶת (H4194) 'death'.
רַבִּ֕יםmanyAdj · רַב (H7227)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)רַב (H7227) 'much, many'.
מֵאֲשֶׁ֥רfrom that which isprep + rel. שֶׁ · אֲשֶׁר (H834)Relative particleאֲשֶׁר (H834).
הֵמִ֖יתto put to deathHiphil perf 3ms · מוּת (H4191)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actמוּת (H4191) 'to die'.
בְּחַיָּֽיוlivingprep + N com m pl constr + sfx 3ms · חַי (H2416)Prepositional phrase'life, living'; construct חַיֵּי 'years of the life of', the fixed lifespan idiom.
31

וַיֵּרְד֨וּ אֶחָ֜יו וְכָל בֵּ֣ית אָבִיהוּ֮ וַיִּשְׂא֣וּ אֹתוֹ֒ וַֽיַּעֲל֣וּ וַיִּקְבְּר֣וּ אוֹת֗וֹ בֵּ֤ין צָרְעָה֙ וּבֵ֣ין אֶשְׁתָּאֹ֔ל בְּקֶ֖בֶר מָנ֣וֹחַ אָבִ֑יו וְה֛וּא שָׁפַ֥ט אֶת יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל עֶשְׂרִ֥ים שָׁנָֽה

And his brothers and all his father's house went down and took him and brought him up and buried him between Zorah and Eshtaol in the tomb of Manoah his father. And he had judged Israel twenty years.

Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action. Lead predicate is 'and they went down'. Closes the chapter.
Word-by-word analysis· 23 words
וַיֵּרְד֨וּand they went downconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3mp · יָרַד (H3381)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceיָרַד (H3381) 'to go down'; Hiphil causative, 'to bring down' — the fruit is carried down from the hill country to Moses and the people at the camp.
אֶחָ֜יוhis brothersN com m pl constr + sfx 3ms · אָח (H251)Construct chain (genitival)אָח (H251), see v. 2.
וְכָלand allconj וְ + N com m sg constr · כֹּל (H3605)Construct chain (genitival)כֹּל (H3605).
בֵּ֣יתthe house ofN com m sg constr · בַּיִת (H1004)Construct chain (genitival)בַּיִת (H1004) 'house, household'; both the physical house whose door is marked with blood and the family unit gathered to eat the lamb together.
אָבִיהוּ֮his fatherN com m sg constr + sfx 3ms · אָב (H1)Construct chain (genitival)אָב (H1) plural construct with 3mp suffix, 'their fathers.'
וַיִּשְׂא֣וּand they lifted upconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3mp · נָשָׂא (H5375)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceנָשָׂא (H5375) 'to lift, carry, bear'.
אֹתוֹ֒himobj marker + sfx 3ms · אֵת (H853)Direct-object markerאֵת (H853), nota accusativi; untranslated.
וַֽיַּעֲל֣וּand they went upconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3mp · עָלָה (H5927)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceעָלָה (H5927) to go up, ascend
וַיִּקְבְּר֣וּand they buriedconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3mp · קָבַר (H6912)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceקָבַר (H6912) 'to bury'; Niphal passive — Aaron 'was buried' there, at Moserah/Mount Hor.
אוֹת֗וֹhimobj marker + sfx 3ms · אֵת (H853)Direct-object markerאֵת (H853), nota accusativi; untranslated.
בֵּ֤יןbetweenprep · בֵּין (H996)Prepositional phraseבֵּין (H996) 'between'.
צָרְעָה֙ZorahN proper · צָרְעָה (H6881)Proper nameצָרְעָה (H6881) 'Zorah', Samson's birthplace (Judg 13:2), paired with Eshtaol; identified with modern Sar'a in the Shephelah (source id 06biA).
וּבֵ֣יןand betweenconj וְ + prep · בֵּין (H996)Coordinating conjunctionבֵּין (H996) 'between'.
אֶשְׁתָּאֹ֔לEshtaolN proper · אֶשְׁתָּאוֹל (H847)Proper nameאֶשְׁתָּאוֹל (H847) 'Eshtaol', a Shephelah town paired with Zorah as Samson's home territory (Judg 13:25; 16:31); often located at Ishwa near Zorah (source id 06T67).
בְּקֶ֖בֶרa graveprep + N com m sg constr · קֶבֶר (H6913)Prepositional phraseקֶבֶר (H6913) 'grave, tomb'.
מָנ֣וֹחַManoahN proper · H4495Proper nameH4495 'Manoah'.
אָבִ֑יוhis fatherN com m sg constr + sfx 3ms · אָב (H1)Construct chain (genitival)אָב (H1) plural construct with 3mp suffix, 'their fathers.'
וְה֛וּאand heconj וְ + pron 3ms · הִיא (H1931)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)הוּא (H1931), independent pronoun, quasi-copula.
שָׁפַ֥טand judgeQal perf 3ms · שָׁפַט (H8199)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actשָׁפַט (H8199) 'to judge'; Qal participle used substantivally, 'your judges' — the officials of v.15 now specifically addressed in their judicial capacity.
אֶת(obj)obj marker · אֵת (H853)Direct-object markerאֵת (H853), nota accusativi; untranslated.
יִשְׂרָאֵ֖לIsraelN proper · יִשְׂרָאֵל (H3478)Proper nameיִשְׂרָאֵל (H3478).
עֶשְׂרִ֥יםtwentyAdj c · עֶשְׂרִים (H6242)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עֶשְׂרִים (H6242) 'twenty'.
שָׁנָֽהyearsN com f sg abs · שָׁנָה (H8141)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שָׁנָה (H8141) 'year'.