Hebrew Text · Translation · Interlinear · Discourse Structure

The Book of Judges, Chapter 17שפטים 17

Each verse opens with the running Hebrew, an English translation, and a discourse note (its connective, relation, and role in the argument). Below follows the word-by-word breakdown in six tiers: gloss, case/state or parsing, syntax, semantic force, and a lexical note.

Case Nominative Genitive Dative Accusative Vocative Verb (no case) Indeclinable

Discourse notes head each verse: relation · connective · clause-flow. Indentation marks prominence — flush-left = main line of argument; indented = supporting / subordinate material.

Theme

Judges 17 opens the 'no king' appendix: Micah's cursed silver becomes an image, a private shrine, and a hired Levite — each man doing what is right in his eyes.

Translation & textual notes

Micah/Micayehu (vv.1, 4) varies by name-form. Eleven hundred silver (v.2) matches Delilah's price (16:5). פֶּסֶל וּמַסֵּכָה (v.3) is a carved image and a molten one. מִלֵּא יָד (v.5, 12) is the ordination idiom. Versification follows the MT.

1

וַֽיְהִי אִ֥ישׁ מֵֽהַר אֶפְרָ֖יִם וּשְׁמ֥וֹ מִיכָֽיְהוּ

And there was a man from the hill country of Ephraim, and his name was Micah.

Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action. Wayyehî scene-setting or temporal hinge. Opens the chapter.
Word-by-word analysis· 6 words
וַֽיְהִיand it happenedconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · הָיָה (H1961)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceהָיָה (H1961) 'to be, become'.
אִ֥ישׁa manN com m sg abs · אִישׁ (H376)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אִישׁ (H376).
מֵֽהַרfrom Mountprep + N com m sg constr · הַר (H2022)Prepositional phraseהַר (H2022); see v.2.
אֶפְרָ֖יִםEphraimN proper · אֶפְרַיִם (H669)Proper nameאֶפְרַיִם (H669), Joseph's younger son (Gen 41:52), whose tribe eventually eclipsed Manasseh's (cf. Gen 48:19-20) — reflected here by being named first with the larger figure. [source id 05KDK]
וּשְׁמ֥וֹand his nameconj וְ + N com m sg constr + sfx 3ms · שֵׁם (H8034)Construct chain (genitival)שֵׁם (H8034) plural 'names.'
מִיכָֽיְהוּMicahN proper · מִיכָהוּ (H4319)Proper nameמִיכָהוּ (H4319) 'Micah'.
2

וַיֹּ֣אמֶר לְאִמּ֡וֹ אֶלֶף֩ וּמֵאָ֨ה הַכֶּ֜סֶף אֲשֶׁ֣ר לֻֽקַּֽח לָ֗ךְ ואתי וְאַ֤תְּ אָלִית֙ וְגַם֙ אָמַ֣רְתְּ בְּאָזְנַ֔י הִנֵּֽה הַכֶּ֥סֶף אִתִּ֖י אֲנִ֣י לְקַחְתִּ֑יו וַתֹּ֣אמֶר אִמּ֔וֹ בָּר֥וּךְ בְּנִ֖י לַיהוָֽה

And he said to his mother, The eleven hundred of silver that were taken from you, and you uttered a curse, and also said it in my ears — behold, the silver is with me; I took it. And his mother said, Blessed be my son to YHWH.

Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action. Lead predicate is 'and he said'. Speech formula or quoted address.
Word-by-word analysis· 24 words
וַיֹּ֣אמֶרand he saidconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · אָמַר (H559)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceאָמַר (H559).
לְאִמּ֡וֹto his motherprep + N com f sg constr + sfx 3ms · אֵם (H517)Prepositional phraseאֵם (H517) 'mother'.
אֶלֶף֩thousandAdj c · אֶלֶף (H505)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֶלֶף (H505) 'thousand'.
וּמֵאָ֨הand a hundredconj וְ + Adj c · מֵאָה (H3967)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מֵאָה (H3967) 'hundred'.
הַכֶּ֜סֶףthe silverart + N com m sg abs · כֶּסֶף (H3701)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)כֶּסֶף (H3701) 'silver, money'; material apposition, 'of silver', describing both dish and basin.
אֲשֶׁ֣רthatrel. שֶׁ · אֲשֶׁר (H834)Relative particleאֲשֶׁר (H834).
לֻֽקַּֽחhe tookPual perf 3ms · לָקַח (H3947)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actלָקַח (H3947) 'to take'.
לָ֗ךְto youprep + sfx 2fsPrepositional phraseFunction word: 'to you'.
ואתיyouconj וְ + pron 2fs · אַתָּה (H859)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אַתָּה (H859) 'you' (ms), repeated for the second half of the couplet.
וְאַ֤תְּand youconj וְ + pron 2fs · אַתָּה (H859)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אַתָּה (H859) 'you' (ms), repeated for the second half of the couplet.
אָלִית֙swearQal perf 2fs · אָלָה (H422)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actאָלָה (H422) 'swear'.
וְגַם֙and alsoconj וְ + particle · גַּם (H1571)Coordinating conjunctionגַּם (H1571) also, both, even
אָמַ֣רְתְּhave saidQal perf 2fs · אָמַר (H559)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actאָמַר (H559).
בְּאָזְנַ֔יin the ears ofprep + N com f du constr + sfx 1cs · אֹזֶן (H241)Prepositional phraseאֹזֶן (H241) 'ear'; 'the lobe of the ear'.
הִנֵּֽהbeholdadv. · הִנֵּה (H2009)Particle or relational elementהִנֵּה (H2009) behold; presentative deixis
הַכֶּ֥סֶףthe silverart + N com m sg abs · כֶּסֶף (H3701)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)כֶּסֶף (H3701) 'silver, money'; material apposition, 'of silver', describing both dish and basin.
אִתִּ֖יwith meprep + sfx 1cs · אֵת (H854)Prepositional phraseאֵת/אֶת (H854) 'with'; see v. 10.
אֲנִ֣יIpron 1cs · אֲנִי (H589)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)1cs independent pronoun 'I'; emphatic, prominent in 'I am YHWH'.
לְקַחְתִּ֑יוand he tookQal perf 1cs + sfx 3ms · לָקַח (H3947)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actלָקַח (H3947) 'to take'.
וַתֹּ֣אמֶרand she saidconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3fs · אָמַר (H559)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceאָמַר (H559).
אִמּ֔וֹhis motherN com f sg constr + sfx 3ms · אֵם (H517)Construct chain (genitival)אֵם (H517) 'mother'.
בָּר֥וּךְblessedQal ptc ms · בֵּרַךְ (H1288)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorבָּרַךְ (H1288), see v. 4.
בְּנִ֖יthe sons ofN com m sg constr + sfx 1cs · בֵּן (H1121)Construct chain (genitival)בֵּן (H1121) 'son'.
לַיהוָֽהto YHWHprep + N proper · יְהוָה (H3068)Proper nameיְהוָה (H3068).
3

וַיָּ֛שֶׁב אֶת אֶֽלֶף וּמֵאָ֥ה הַכֶּ֖סֶף לְאִמּ֑וֹ וַתֹּ֣אמֶר אִמּ֡וֹ הַקְדֵּ֣שׁ הִקְדַּ֣שְׁתִּי אֶת הַכֶּסֶף֩ לַיהוָ֨ה מִיָּדִ֜י לִבְנִ֗י לַֽעֲשׂוֹת֙ פֶּ֣סֶל וּמַסֵּכָ֔ה וְעַתָּ֖ה אֲשִׁיבֶ֥נּוּ לָֽךְ

And he returned the eleven hundred of silver to his mother, and his mother said, I had indeed consecrated the silver to YHWH from my hand for my son, to make a carved image and a cast image; and now I return it to you.

Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action. Lead predicate is 'and he returned'. Speech formula or quoted address.
Word-by-word analysis· 21 words
וַיָּ֛שֶׁבand he returnedconj וְ + Hiphil wayyiqtol 3ms · שׁוּב (H7725)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceשׁוּב (H7725).
אֶת(obj)obj marker · אֵת (H853)Direct-object markerאֵת (H853), nota accusativi; untranslated.
אֶֽלֶףthousandAdj c · אֶלֶף (H505)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֶלֶף (H505) 'thousand'.
וּמֵאָ֥הand a hundredconj וְ + Adj c · מֵאָה (H3967)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מֵאָה (H3967) 'hundred'.
הַכֶּ֖סֶףthe silverart + N com m sg abs · כֶּסֶף (H3701)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)כֶּסֶף (H3701) 'silver, money'; material apposition, 'of silver', describing both dish and basin.
לְאִמּ֑וֹto his motherprep + N com f sg constr + sfx 3ms · אֵם (H517)Prepositional phraseאֵם (H517) 'mother'.
וַתֹּ֣אמֶרand she saidconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3fs · אָמַר (H559)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceאָמַר (H559).
אִמּ֡וֹhis motherN com f sg constr + sfx 3ms · אֵם (H517)Construct chain (genitival)אֵם (H517) 'mother'.
הַקְדֵּ֣שׁand you shall consecrateHiphil inf abs · קָדַשׁ (H6942)Infinitive absolute→ Infinitive absolute: emphasis or attendant actionקָדַשׁ (Hiphil, H6942) 'to consecrate'.
הִקְדַּ֣שְׁתִּיI consecratedHiphil perf 1cs · קָדַשׁ (H6942)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actקָדַשׁ (Hiphil, H6942) 'to consecrate'.
אֶת(obj)obj marker · אֵת (H853)Direct-object markerאֵת (H853), nota accusativi; untranslated.
הַכֶּסֶף֩the silverart + N com m sg abs · כֶּסֶף (H3701)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)כֶּסֶף (H3701) 'silver, money'; material apposition, 'of silver', describing both dish and basin.
לַיהוָ֨הto YHWHprep + N proper · יְהוָה (H3068)Proper nameיְהוָה (H3068).
מִיָּדִ֜יfrom my handprep + N com c sg constr + sfx 1cs · יָד (H3027)Prepositional phraseיָד (H3027) 'hand'.
לִבְנִ֗יof the sons ofprep + N com m sg constr + sfx 1cs · בֵּן (H1121)Prepositional phraseבֵּן (H1121) 'son'.
לַֽעֲשׂוֹת֙to doprep + Qal inf constr · עָשָׂה (H6213)Infinitive construct→ Infinitive construct: purpose, result, or complementעָשָׂה (H6213), see v.1.
פֶּ֣סֶלa carved imageN com m sg abs · פֶּסֶל (H6459)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)פֶּסֶל (H6459) 'carved/graven image', from פָּסַל 'to hew, carve'; the object of the second commandment's prohibition (Exod 20:4).
וּמַסֵּכָ֔הor a molten imageconj וְ + N com f sg abs · מַסֵּכָה (H4541)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מַסֵּכָה (H4541) 'molten/cast image', from נָסַךְ 'to pour out'; paired with פֶּסֶל as a standard hendiadys for idol manufacture.
וְעַתָּ֖הand nowconj וְ + art · עַתָּה (H6258)Coordinating conjunctionעַתָּה (H6258) 'now'.
אֲשִׁיבֶ֥נּוּwill bring him backHiphil impf 1cs + sfx 3ms · שׁוּב (H7725)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalשׁוּב (H7725).
לָֽךְto youprep + sfx 2fsPrepositional phraseFunction word: 'to you'.
4

וַיָּ֥שֶׁב אֶת הַכֶּ֖סֶף לְאִמּ֑וֹ וַתִּקַּ֣ח אִמּוֹ֩ מָאתַ֨יִם כֶּ֜סֶף וַתִּתְּנֵ֣הוּ לַצּוֹרֵ֗ף וַֽיַּעֲשֵׂ֨הוּ֙ פֶּ֣סֶל וּמַסֵּכָ֔ה וַיְהִ֖י בְּבֵ֥ית מִיכָֽיְהוּ

And he returned the silver to his mother, and his mother took two hundred of silver and gave it to the smith, and he made it a carved image and a cast image, and it was in the house of Micah.

Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action. Lead predicate is 'and he returned'.
Word-by-word analysis· 16 words
וַיָּ֥שֶׁבand he returnedconj וְ + Hiphil wayyiqtol 3ms · שׁוּב (H7725)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceשׁוּב (H7725).
אֶת(obj)obj marker · אֵת (H853)Direct-object markerאֵת (H853), nota accusativi; untranslated.
הַכֶּ֖סֶףthe silverart + N com m sg abs · כֶּסֶף (H3701)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)כֶּסֶף (H3701) 'silver, money'; material apposition, 'of silver', describing both dish and basin.
לְאִמּ֑וֹto his motherprep + N com f sg constr + sfx 3ms · אֵם (H517)Prepositional phraseאֵם (H517) 'mother'.
וַתִּקַּ֣חand she tookconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3fs · לָקַח (H3947)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceלָקַח (H3947) 'to take'.
אִמּוֹ֩his motherN com f sg constr + sfx 3ms · אֵם (H517)Construct chain (genitival)אֵם (H517) 'mother'.
מָאתַ֨יִםtwo hundredAdj c det · מֵאָה (H3967)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מֵאָה (H3967) 'hundred'.
כֶּ֜סֶףsilverN com m sg abs · כֶּסֶף (H3701)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)כֶּסֶף (H3701) 'silver, money'; material apposition, 'of silver', describing both dish and basin.
וַתִּתְּנֵ֣הוּis givingconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3fs + sfx 3ms · נָתַן (H5414)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceנָתַן (H5414) 'to give'.
לַצּוֹרֵ֗ףandprep + art + Qal ptc ms · H6884Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorH6884 'and'.
וַֽיַּעֲשֵׂ֨הוּ֙to doconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms + sfx 3ms · עָשָׂה (H6213)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceעָשָׂה (H6213), see v.1.
פֶּ֣סֶלa carved imageN com m sg abs · פֶּסֶל (H6459)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)פֶּסֶל (H6459) 'carved/graven image', from פָּסַל 'to hew, carve'; the object of the second commandment's prohibition (Exod 20:4).
וּמַסֵּכָ֔הor a molten imageconj וְ + N com f sg abs · מַסֵּכָה (H4541)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מַסֵּכָה (H4541) 'molten/cast image', from נָסַךְ 'to pour out'; paired with פֶּסֶל as a standard hendiadys for idol manufacture.
וַיְהִ֖יand it happenedconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · הָיָה (H1961)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceהָיָה (H1961) 'to be, become'.
בְּבֵ֥יתin the houseprep + N com m sg constr · בַּיִת (H1004)Prepositional phraseבַּיִת (H1004) 'house, household'; both the physical house whose door is marked with blood and the family unit gathered to eat the lamb together.
מִיכָֽיְהוּMicahN proper · מִיכָהוּ (H4319)Proper nameמִיכָהוּ (H4319) 'Micah'.
5

וְהָאִ֣ישׁ מִיכָ֔ה ל֖וֹ בֵּ֣ית אֱלֹהִ֑ים וַיַּ֤עַשׂ אֵפוֹד֙ וּתְרָפִ֔ים וַיְמַלֵּ֗א אֶת יַ֤ד אַחַד֙ מִבָּנָ֔יו וַיְהִי ל֖וֹ לְכֹהֵֽן

And the man Micah had a house of gods, and he made an ephod and teraphim, and he filled the hand of one of his sons, and he became a priest to him.

A private shrine: ephod, teraphim, a son as priest
Micah's house of gods is a one-man cult: image, ephod, teraphim, and a son ordained by filling the hand.
Word-by-word analysis· 16 words
וְהָאִ֣ישׁand the manconj וְ + art + N com m sg abs · אִישׁ (H376)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אִישׁ (H376).
מִיכָ֔הMicahN proper · H4318Proper nameH4318 'Micah'.
ל֖וֹto himprep + sfx 3msPrepositional phraseFunction word: 'to him'.
בֵּ֣יתthe house ofN com m sg constr · בַּיִת (H1004)Construct chain (genitival)בַּיִת (H1004) 'house, household'; both the physical house whose door is marked with blood and the family unit gathered to eat the lamb together.
אֱלֹהִ֑יםGodN com m pl abs · אֱלֹהִים (H430)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֱלֹהִים (H430); see v.1.
וַיַּ֤עַשׂand he madeconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · עָשָׂה (H6213)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceעָשָׂה (H6213), see v.1.
אֵפוֹד֙the ephodN com m sg abs · אֵפוֹד (H646)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)As above.
וּתְרָפִ֔יםthe teraphimconj וְ + N com m pl abs · תְּרָפִים (H8655)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)Household idols, divinatory images.
וַיְמַלֵּ֗אand he filledconj וְ + Piel wayyiqtol 3ms · מָלֵא (H4390)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceמָלֵא (H4390) 'to fill, be full'; Piel here in the idiom מִלֵּא אַחֲרֵי, literally 'he filled after,' i.e., 'he fully/wholly followed' — a distinctive Hebrew idiom for total, undivided devotion (cf. Num 14:24; 32:12), contrasted with the majority's half-hearted, faithless following.
אֶת(obj)obj marker · אֵת (H853)Direct-object markerאֵת (H853), nota accusativi; untranslated.
יַ֤דthe hand ofN com c sg constr · יָד (H3027)Construct chain (genitival)יָד (H3027) 'hand'.
אַחַד֙oneAdj c · אֶחָד (H259)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֶחָד (H259) 'one' masc., from the root אחד; numbers a single item in the fixed offering inventory.
מִבָּנָ֔יוfrom among his sonsprep + N com m pl constr + sfx 3ms · בֵּן (H1121)Prepositional phraseבֵּן (H1121) 'son'.
וַיְהִיand it happenedconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · הָיָה (H1961)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceהָיָה (H1961) 'to be, become'.
ל֖וֹto himprep + sfx 3msPrepositional phraseFunction word: 'to him'.
לְכֹהֵֽןto the priestprep + N com m sg abs · כֹּהֵן (H3548)Prepositional phraseכֹּהֵן (H3548) 'priest'.
6

בַּיָּמִ֣ים הָהֵ֔ם אֵ֥ין מֶ֖לֶךְ בְּיִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל אִ֛ישׁ הַיָּשָׁ֥ר בְּעֵינָ֖יו יַעֲשֶֽׂה

In those days there was no king in Israel; each man did what was right in his own eyes.

The refrain: no king; what is right in his eyesasyndeton
The first sounding of 17:6 / 18:1 / 19:1 / 21:25 — private religion as the symptom of no king.
Word-by-word analysis· 9 words
בַּיָּמִ֣יםin the daysprep + art + N com m pl abs · יוֹם (H3117)Prepositional phraseיוֹם (H3117) 'day'.
הָהֵ֔םthoseart + pron 3mp · הֵמָּה (H1992)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)הֵם (H1992), independent pronoun, quasi-copula.
אֵ֥יןthere is notneg. · אַיִן (H369)Negative particleאַיִן (H369) 'there is not'.
מֶ֖לֶךְking ofN com m sg abs · מֶלֶךְ (H4428)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מֶלֶךְ (H4428) 'king'.
בְּיִשְׂרָאֵ֑לin Israelprep + N proper · יִשְׂרָאֵל (H3478)Proper nameיִשְׂרָאֵל (H3478).
אִ֛ישׁa manN com m sg abs · אִישׁ (H376)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אִישׁ (H376).
הַיָּשָׁ֥רrightart + Adj · יָשָׁר (H3477)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יָשָׁר (H3477) 'right, straight, upright'; the phrase 'each man doing what is right in his own eyes' echoes the closing refrain of Judges (17:6; 21:25), condemning subjective, decentralized religion. Source id 05k7i.
בְּעֵינָ֖יוin his eyesprep + N com c du constr + sfx 3ms · עַיִן (H5869)Prepositional phraseעַיִן (H5869) 'eye'.
יַעֲשֶֽׂהhe shall doQal impf 3ms · עָשָׂה (H6213)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalעָשָׂה (H6213), see v.1.
7

וַיְהִי נַ֗עַר מִבֵּ֥ית לֶ֨חֶם֙ יְהוּדָ֔ה מִמִּשְׁפַּ֖חַת יְהוּדָ֑ה וְה֥וּא לֵוִ֖י וְה֥וּא גָֽר שָֽׁם

And there was a young man from Bethlehem of Judah, of the clan of Judah, and he was a Levite, and he was sojourning there.

Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action. Wayyehî scene-setting or temporal hinge.
Word-by-word analysis· 12 words
וַיְהִיand it happenedconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · הָיָה (H1961)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceהָיָה (H1961) 'to be, become'.
נַ֗עַרa boyN com m sg abs · נַעַר (H5288)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)נַעַר (H5288) 'youth, young man'; paired with זָקֵן for a merism of all ages, none spared.
מִבֵּ֥יתBethlehemprep + N proper · בֵּית-לֶחֶם (H1035)Proper nameבֵּית-לֶחֶם (H1035) 'house of bread'; Bethlehem identified with Ephrath by the narrator.
לֶ֨חֶם֙lehem (Bethlehem)N proper · בֵּית-לֶחֶם (H1035)Proper nameבֵּית-לֶחֶם (H1035) 'house of bread'; Bethlehem identified with Ephrath by the narrator.
יְהוּדָ֔הJudahN proper · יְהוּדָה (H3063)Proper nameיְהוּדָה (H3063).
מִמִּשְׁפַּ֖חַתfrom the clans ofprep + N com f sg constr · מִשְׁפָּחָה (H4940)Prepositional phraseמִשְׁפָּחָה (H4940); recurring formula-word marking each clan subdivision.
יְהוּדָ֑הJudahN proper · יְהוּדָה (H3063)Proper nameיְהוּדָה (H3063).
וְה֥וּאand heconj וְ + pron 3ms · הִיא (H1931)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)הוּא (H1931), independent pronoun, quasi-copula.
לֵוִ֖יLeviN gentilic m sg abs · לֵוִי (H3881)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)לֵוִי (H3881) 'Levite'.
וְה֥וּאand heconj וְ + pron 3ms · הִיא (H1931)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)הוּא (H1931), independent pronoun, quasi-copula.
גָֽרis sojourningQal ptc ms · גּוּר (H1481)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorגּוּר II (H1481) 'to be afraid, dread' (a distinct homograph from גּוּר I 'to sojourn'); paired with מִפְּנֵי אִישׁ, 'do not dread the face of a man' — judges must not let fear of powerful litigants sway their rulings.
שָֽׁםthereart · שָׁם (H8033)Particle or relational elementשָׁם (H8033) 'there', with directional ה.
8

וַיֵּ֨לֶךְ הָאִ֜ישׁ מֵהָעִ֗יר מִבֵּ֥ית לֶ֨חֶם֙ יְהוּדָ֔ה לָג֖וּר בַּאֲשֶׁ֣ר יִמְצָ֑א וַיָּבֹ֧א הַר אֶפְרַ֛יִם עַד בֵּ֥ית מִיכָ֖ה לַעֲשׂ֥וֹת דַּרְכּֽוֹ

And the man went from the city, from Bethlehem of Judah, to sojourn where he would find a place, and he came to the hill country of Ephraim, as far as the house of Micah, to make his way.

Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action. Lead predicate is 'and he went'.
Word-by-word analysis· 17 words
וַיֵּ֨לֶךְand he wentconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · הָלַךְ (H3212)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceהָלַךְ (H3212).
הָאִ֜ישׁthe manart + N com m sg abs · אִישׁ (H376)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אִישׁ (H376).
מֵהָעִ֗ירthe cityprep + art + N com f sg abs · עִיר (H5892)Prepositional phraseעִיר (H5892) 'city'.
מִבֵּ֥יתBethlehemprep + N proper · בֵּית-לֶחֶם (H1035)Proper nameבֵּית-לֶחֶם (H1035) 'house of bread'; Bethlehem identified with Ephrath by the narrator.
לֶ֨חֶם֙lehem (Bethlehem)N proper · בֵּית-לֶחֶם (H1035)Proper nameבֵּית-לֶחֶם (H1035) 'house of bread'; Bethlehem identified with Ephrath by the narrator.
יְהוּדָ֔הJudahN proper · יְהוּדָה (H3063)Proper nameיְהוּדָה (H3063).
לָג֖וּרto sojournprep + Qal inf constr · גּוּר (H1481)Infinitive construct→ Infinitive construct: purpose, result, or complementגּוּר II (H1481) 'to be afraid, dread' (a distinct homograph from גּוּר I 'to sojourn'); paired with מִפְּנֵי אִישׁ, 'do not dread the face of a man' — judges must not let fear of powerful litigants sway their rulings.
בַּאֲשֶׁ֣רwhereprep + rel. שֶׁ · אֲשֶׁר (H834)Relative particleאֲשֶׁר (H834).
יִמְצָ֑אis foundQal impf 3ms · מָצָא (H4672)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalTo find, discover, encounter.
וַיָּבֹ֧אand he cameconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · בּוֹא (H935)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceבּוֹא (H935).
הַרMountN com m sg constr · הַר (H2022)Construct chain (genitival)הַר (H2022); see v.2.
אֶפְרַ֛יִםEphraimN proper · אֶפְרַיִם (H669)Proper nameאֶפְרַיִם (H669), Joseph's younger son (Gen 41:52), whose tribe eventually eclipsed Manasseh's (cf. Gen 48:19-20) — reflected here by being named first with the larger figure. [source id 05KDK]
עַדuntilprep · עַד (H5704)Prepositional phraseעַד (H5704) 'until'.
בֵּ֥יתthe house ofN com m sg constr · בַּיִת (H1004)Construct chain (genitival)בַּיִת (H1004) 'house, household'; both the physical house whose door is marked with blood and the family unit gathered to eat the lamb together.
מִיכָ֖הMicahN proper · H4318Proper nameH4318 'Micah'.
לַעֲשׂ֥וֹתto doprep + Qal inf constr · עָשָׂה (H6213)Infinitive construct→ Infinitive construct: purpose, result, or complementעָשָׂה (H6213), see v.1.
דַּרְכּֽוֹhis journeyN com c sg constr + sfx 3ms · דֶּרֶךְ (H1870)Construct chain (genitival)דֶּרֶךְ (H1870) 'road'.
9

וַיֹּאמֶר ל֥וֹ מִיכָ֖ה מֵאַ֣יִן תָּב֑וֹא וַיֹּ֨אמֶר אֵלָ֜יו לֵוִ֣י אָנֹ֗כִי מִבֵּ֥ית לֶ֨חֶם֙ יְהוּדָ֔ה וְאָנֹכִ֣י הֹלֵ֔ךְ לָג֖וּר בַּאֲשֶׁ֥ר אֶמְצָֽא

And Micah said to him, Where do you come from? And he said to him, I am a Levite from Bethlehem of Judah, and I am going to sojourn where I may find a place.

Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action. Lead predicate is 'and he said'. Speech formula or quoted address.
Word-by-word analysis· 17 words
וַיֹּאמֶרand he saidconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · אָמַר (H559)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceאָמַר (H559).
ל֥וֹto himprep + sfx 3msPrepositional phraseFunction word: 'to him'.
מִיכָ֖הMicahN proper · H4318Proper nameH4318 'Micah'.
מֵאַ֣יִןfrom whereprep + interrog. · אַיִן (H370)Interrogative particleאַיִן (H370) 'where?'; with מִן = 'from where?'; origin question to establish regional connection.
תָּב֑וֹאyou comeQal impf 2ms · בּוֹא (H935)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalבּוֹא (H935).
וַיֹּ֨אמֶרand he saidconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · אָמַר (H559)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceאָמַר (H559).
אֵלָ֜יוto himprep + sfx 3ms · אֶל (H413)Prepositional phraseאֶל (H413) 'to, toward'.
לֵוִ֣יLeviN gentilic m sg abs · לֵוִי (H3881)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)לֵוִי (H3881) 'Levite'.
אָנֹ֗כִיIpron 1cs · אָנֹכִי (H595)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אָנֹכִי (H595), I
מִבֵּ֥יתBethlehemprep + N proper · בֵּית-לֶחֶם (H1035)Proper nameבֵּית-לֶחֶם (H1035) 'house of bread'; Bethlehem identified with Ephrath by the narrator.
לֶ֨חֶם֙lehem (Bethlehem)N proper · בֵּית-לֶחֶם (H1035)Proper nameבֵּית-לֶחֶם (H1035) 'house of bread'; Bethlehem identified with Ephrath by the narrator.
יְהוּדָ֔הJudahN proper · יְהוּדָה (H3063)Proper nameיְהוּדָה (H3063).
וְאָנֹכִ֣יand Iconj וְ + pron 1cs · אָנֹכִי (H595)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אָנֹכִי (H595), I
הֹלֵ֔ךְwentQal ptc ms · הָלַךְ (H1980)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorהָלַךְ (H1980) 'to go, walk'; the articular participle functions as a relative clause, 'the one who goes/is going before you' — a title recalling YHWH's guiding presence (cf. v.33; Exod 13:21).
לָג֖וּרto sojournprep + Qal inf constr · גּוּר (H1481)Infinitive construct→ Infinitive construct: purpose, result, or complementגּוּר II (H1481) 'to be afraid, dread' (a distinct homograph from גּוּר I 'to sojourn'); paired with מִפְּנֵי אִישׁ, 'do not dread the face of a man' — judges must not let fear of powerful litigants sway their rulings.
בַּאֲשֶׁ֥רwhereprep + rel. שֶׁ · אֲשֶׁר (H834)Relative particleאֲשֶׁר (H834).
אֶמְצָֽאI findQal impf 1cs · מָצָא (H4672)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalTo find, discover, encounter.
10

וַיֹּאמֶר֩ ל֨וֹ מִיכָ֜ה שְׁבָ֣ה עִמָּדִ֗י וֶֽהְיֵה לִי֮ לְאָ֣ב וּלְכֹהֵן֒ וְאָנֹכִ֨י אֶֽתֶּן לְךָ֜ עֲשֶׂ֤רֶת כֶּ֨סֶף֙ לַיָּמִ֔ים וְעֵ֥רֶךְ בְּגָדִ֖ים וּמִחְיָתֶ֑ךָ וַיֵּ֖לֶךְ הַלֵּוִֽי

And Micah said to him, Stay with me, and be to me a father and a priest, and I will give you ten of silver a year and an outfit of clothes and your living. And the Levite went.

Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action. Lead predicate is 'and he said'. Speech formula or quoted address.
Word-by-word analysis· 20 words
וַיֹּאמֶר֩and he saidconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · אָמַר (H559)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceאָמַר (H559).
ל֨וֹto himprep + sfx 3msPrepositional phraseFunction word: 'to him'.
מִיכָ֜הMicahN proper · H4318Proper nameH4318 'Micah'.
שְׁבָ֣הsitQal impv 2ms + Sh · יָשַׁב (H3427)Predicate verb (imperative)→ Volitional: imperativeיָשַׁב (H3427) 'to dwell.'
עִמָּדִ֗יwith meprep + sfx 1cs · עִמָּד (H5978)Prepositional phraseעִמָּד (H5978) 'with' + 1cs suffix; locates the storage — in YHWH's own possession/awareness. source id 05FLj.
וֶֽהְיֵהand it shall beconj וְ + Qal impv 2ms · הָיָה (H1961)Predicate verb (imperative)→ Volitional: imperativeהָיָה (H1961) 'to be, become'.
לִי֮to meprep + sfx 1csPrepositional phraseFunction word: 'to me'.
לְאָ֣בfather ofprep + N com m sg abs · אָב (H1)Prepositional phraseאָב (H1) plural construct with 3mp suffix, 'their fathers.'
וּלְכֹהֵן֒now the priest ofconj וְ + prep + N com m sg abs · כֹּהֵן (H3548)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)כֹּהֵן (H3548) 'priest'.
וְאָנֹכִ֨יand Iconj וְ + pron 1cs · אָנֹכִי (H595)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אָנֹכִי (H595), I
אֶֽתֶּןI will giveQal impf 1cs · נָתַן (H5414)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalנָתַן (H5414) 'to give'.
לְךָ֜to youprep + sfx 2msPrepositional phraseFunction word: 'to you'.
עֲשֶׂ֤רֶתtenAdj c · עֲשָׂרָה (H6235)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עֲשָׂרָה (H6235) 'ten'; the gold pan's fixed weight in shekels.
כֶּ֨סֶף֙silverN com m sg abs · כֶּסֶף (H3701)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)כֶּסֶף (H3701) 'silver, money'; material apposition, 'of silver', describing both dish and basin.
לַיָּמִ֔יםabout the daysprep + art + N com m pl abs · יוֹם (H3117)Prepositional phraseיוֹם (H3117) 'day'.
וְעֵ֥רֶךְyour valuationconj וְ + N com m sg constr · עֵרֶךְ (H6187)Construct chain (genitival)עֵרֶךְ (H6187) + 2ms suffix.
בְּגָדִ֖יםgarmentsN com m pl abs · בֶּגֶד (H899)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)בֶּגֶד (H899) 'garment'.
וּמִחְיָתֶ֑ךָfor lifeconj וְ + N com f sg constr + sfx 2ms · מִחְיָה (H4241)Construct chain (genitival)מִחְיָה (H4241) 'sustenance, preservation of life'; from חָיָה 'to live'; God's purpose for sending Joseph.
וַיֵּ֖לֶךְand he wentconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · הָלַךְ (H3212)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceהָלַךְ (H3212).
הַלֵּוִֽיthe Leviteart + N gentilic m sg abs · לֵוִי (H3881)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)לֵוִי (H3881) 'Levite'.
11

וַיּ֥וֹאֶל הַלֵּוִ֖י לָשֶׁ֣בֶת אֶת הָאִ֑ישׁ וַיְהִ֤י הַנַּ֨עַר֙ ל֔וֹ כְּאַחַ֖ד מִבָּנָֽיו

And the Levite was content to live with the man, and the young man became to him like one of his sons.

Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action. Lead predicate is 'and persisted'.
Word-by-word analysis· 10 words
וַיּ֥וֹאֶלand persistedconj וְ + Hiphil wayyiqtol 3ms · הוֹאִיל (H2974)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceיָאַל (H2974), Hiphil הוֹאִיל 'to be willing, undertake, resolve, be pleased to'; marks Moses' deliberate decision to take up the task of exposition — not compulsion but resolve.
הַלֵּוִ֖יthe Leviteart + N gentilic m sg abs · לֵוִי (H3881)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)לֵוִי (H3881) 'Levite'.
לָשֶׁ֣בֶתto dwellprep + Qal inf constr · יָשַׁב (H3427)Infinitive construct→ Infinitive construct: purpose, result, or complementיָשַׁב (H3427) 'to dwell.'
אֶתwithprep · אֵת (H854)Prepositional phraseאֵת/אֶת (H854) 'with'; see v. 10.
הָאִ֑ישׁthe manart + N com m sg abs · אִישׁ (H376)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אִישׁ (H376).
וַיְהִ֤יand it happenedconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · הָיָה (H1961)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceהָיָה (H1961) 'to be, become'.
הַנַּ֨עַר֙the boyart + N com m sg abs · נַעַר (H5288)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)נַעַר (H5288) 'youth, young man'; paired with זָקֵן for a merism of all ages, none spared.
ל֔וֹto himprep + sfx 3msPrepositional phraseFunction word: 'to him'.
כְּאַחַ֖דlike one ofprep + Adj c · אֶחָד (H259)Prepositional phraseאֶחָד (H259) 'one' masc., from the root אחד; numbers a single item in the fixed offering inventory.
מִבָּנָֽיוfrom among his sonsprep + N com m pl constr + sfx 3ms · בֵּן (H1121)Prepositional phraseבֵּן (H1121) 'son'.
12

וַיְמַלֵּ֤א מִיכָה֙ אֶת יַ֣ד הַלֵּוִ֔י וַיְהִי ל֥וֹ הַנַּ֖עַר לְכֹהֵ֑ן וַיְהִ֖י בְּבֵ֥ית מִיכָֽה

And Micah filled the hand of the Levite, and the young man became a priest to him, and he was in the house of Micah.

Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action. Lead predicate is 'and he filled'.
Word-by-word analysis· 12 words
וַיְמַלֵּ֤אand he filledconj וְ + Piel wayyiqtol 3ms · מָלֵא (H4390)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceמָלֵא (H4390) 'to fill, be full'; Piel here in the idiom מִלֵּא אַחֲרֵי, literally 'he filled after,' i.e., 'he fully/wholly followed' — a distinctive Hebrew idiom for total, undivided devotion (cf. Num 14:24; 32:12), contrasted with the majority's half-hearted, faithless following.
מִיכָה֙MicahN proper · H4318Proper nameH4318 'Micah'.
אֶת(obj)obj marker · אֵת (H853)Direct-object markerאֵת (H853), nota accusativi; untranslated.
יַ֣דthe hand ofN com c sg constr · יָד (H3027)Construct chain (genitival)יָד (H3027) 'hand'.
הַלֵּוִ֔יthe Leviteart + N gentilic m sg abs · לֵוִי (H3881)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)לֵוִי (H3881) 'Levite'.
וַיְהִיand it happenedconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · הָיָה (H1961)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceהָיָה (H1961) 'to be, become'.
ל֥וֹto himprep + sfx 3msPrepositional phraseFunction word: 'to him'.
הַנַּ֖עַרthe boyart + N com m sg abs · נַעַר (H5288)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)נַעַר (H5288) 'youth, young man'; paired with זָקֵן for a merism of all ages, none spared.
לְכֹהֵ֑ןto the priestprep + N com m sg abs · כֹּהֵן (H3548)Prepositional phraseכֹּהֵן (H3548) 'priest'.
וַיְהִ֖יand it happenedconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · הָיָה (H1961)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceהָיָה (H1961) 'to be, become'.
בְּבֵ֥יתin the houseprep + N com m sg constr · בַּיִת (H1004)Prepositional phraseבַּיִת (H1004) 'house, household'; both the physical house whose door is marked with blood and the family unit gathered to eat the lamb together.
מִיכָֽהMicahN proper · H4318Proper nameH4318 'Micah'.
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וַיֹּ֣אמֶר מִיכָ֔ה עַתָּ֣ה יָדַ֔עְתִּי כִּֽי יֵיטִ֥יב יְהוָ֖ה לִ֑י כִּ֧י הָיָה לִ֛י הַלֵּוִ֖י לְכֹהֵֽן

And Micah said, Now I know that YHWH will be good to me, because I have the Levite as priest.

Now I know YHWH will be good to me
Micah's theology: a hired Levite guarantees YHWH's favor — the error the Danites will steal.
Word-by-word analysis· 13 words
וַיֹּ֣אמֶרand he saidconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · אָמַר (H559)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceאָמַר (H559).
מִיכָ֔הMicahN proper · H4318Proper nameH4318 'Micah'.
עַתָּ֣הnowart · עַתָּה (H6258)Particle or relational elementעַתָּה (H6258) 'now'.
יָדַ֔עְתִּיI knowQal perf 1cs · יָדַע (H3045)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed act'to know'; Niphal (v.3) 'to make oneself known'; Qal (v.7) 'to know' experientially through the exodus.
כִּֽיforconj וְ · כִּי (H3588)Coordinating conjunctionכִּי (H3588).
יֵיטִ֥יבdoes good / deals wellHiphil impf 3ms · יָטַב (H3190)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalיָטַב (H3190) 'to be good, pleasing'; wayyiqtol, 'and it was good' — Moses' personal endorsement of the people's proposal, picking up טוֹב-vocabulary that recurs ironically in the 'good report' of v.25.
יְהוָ֖הYHWHN proper · יְהוָה (H3068)Proper nameיְהוָה (H3068).
לִ֑יto meprep + sfx 1csPrepositional phraseFunction word: 'to me'.
כִּ֧יforconj וְ · כִּי (H3588)Coordinating conjunctionכִּי (H3588).
הָיָהwasQal perf 3ms · הָיָה (H1961)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actהָיָה (H1961) 'to be, become'.
לִ֛יto meprep + sfx 1csPrepositional phraseFunction word: 'to me'.
הַלֵּוִ֖יthe Leviteart + N gentilic m sg abs · לֵוִי (H3881)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)לֵוִי (H3881) 'Levite'.
לְכֹהֵֽןto the priestprep + N com m sg abs · כֹּהֵן (H3548)Prepositional phraseכֹּהֵן (H3548) 'priest'.