Hebrew Text · Translation · Interlinear · Discourse Structure

The Book of Job, Chapter 33איוב 33

Each verse opens with the running Hebrew, an English translation, and a discourse note (its connective, relation, and role in the argument). Below follows the word-by-word breakdown in six tiers: gloss, case/state or parsing, syntax, semantic force, and a lexical note.

Case Nominative Genitive Dative Accusative Vocative Verb (no case) Indeclinable

Discourse notes head each verse: relation · connective · clause-flow. Indentation marks prominence — flush-left = main line of argument; indented = supporting / subordinate material.

Theme

Job 33 (33 verses in the MT) opens: Wherefore, Job, I pray you, hear my speeches, and hearken to all my words. The middle of the chapter continues: That he may withdraw man purpose, and hide pride from man. It closes: If not, hearken to me: hold your peace, and I shall teach you wisdom.

Translation & textual notes

The Hebrew base text here follows the Masoretic Text in the Leningrad tradition as represented by the Westminster Leningrad Codex / MorphHB diplomatic stream imported from OSHB; distinctively copyrighted apparatus from BHS or BHQ is not reproduced. Job 33 comprises 33 verses in MT order. Movement I (vv. 1-7) — Wherefore, Job, I pray you, hear my speeches, and hearken to all my word. Wherefore, Job, I pray you, hear my speeches, and hearken to all my words. Behold, now I have opened my mouth, my tongue has spoken in my mouth. My words the uprightness of my heart: and my lips shall utter knowledge clearly. The Spirit of God has made me, and the breath of the Almighty has given me life. If you canst answer me, set in order before me,. Movement II (vv. 8-14) — Surely you have spoken in mine hearing, and I have heard the voice of wo. Surely you have spoken in mine hearing, and I have heard the voice of words, , I am clean without transgression, I innocent; neither iniquity in me. Behold, he findeth occasions against me, he counteth me for his enemy, He putteth my feet in the stocks, he marketh all my paths. Behold, this you are not just: I will answer you, that God is greater than man.. Movement III (vv. 15-21) — In a dream, in a vision of the night, when deep sleep falleth upon men,. In a dream, in a vision of the night, when deep sleep falleth upon men, in slumberings upon the bed; Then he openeth the ears of men, and sealeth their instruction, That he may withdraw man purpose, and hide pride from man. He keepeth back his soul from the pit, and his life from perishing by the sword. He is chastened also with pain upon his bed, and the. Movement IV (vv. 22-28) — Yea, his soul draweth near to the grave, and his life to the destroyers. Yea, his soul draweth near to the grave, and his life to the destroyers. If there be a messenger with him, an interpreter, one among a thousand, to shew to man his uprightness: Then he is gracious to him, and says, Deliver him from going down to the pit: I have found a ransom. His flesh shall be fresher than a child's: he shall return to the days of his. Movement V (vv. 29-33) — Lo, all these worketh God oftentimes with man. Lo, all these worketh God oftentimes with man, To bring back his soul from the pit, to be enlightened with the light of the living. Mark well, O Job, hearken to me: hold your peace, and I will speak. If you have any thing to say, answer me: speak, for I desire to justify you. If not, hearken to me: hold your peace, and I shall teach you wisdom. Where English printed Bibles divide verses differently, this annotation follows MT versification throughout.

1

וְֽאוּלָ֗ם שְׁמַֽע נָ֣א אִיּ֣וֹב מִלָּ֑י וְֽכָל דְּבָרַ֥י הַאֲזִֽינָה

Wherefore, Job, I pray you, hear my speeches, and hearken to all my words.

Imperative — volitional address
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Imperative — volitional address. Lead predicate is 'listen'. Opens the chapter.
Word-by-word analysis· 8 words
וְֽאוּלָ֗םbutconj וְ + art · אוּלָם (H199)Particle or relational elementאוּלָם (H199) 'but'.
שְׁמַֽעlistenQal impv 2ms · שָׁמַע (H8085)Predicate verb (imperative)→ Volitional: imperativeשָׁמַע (H8085) 'listen'.
נָ֣אpleaseparticle · נָא (H4994)Particle or relational elementנָא (H4994) 'please'.
אִיּ֣וֹבJobN · אִיּוֹב (H347)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אִיּוֹב (H347) 'Job'.
מִלָּ֑יmy wordsN c · מִלָּה (H4405)Construct chain (genitival)מִלָּה (H4405) 'my words'.
וְֽכָלand allconj וְ + N com m sg constr · כֹּל (H3605)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)כֹּל (H3605) 'and all'.
דְּבָרַ֥יthe words ofN c · דָּבָר (H1697)Construct chain (genitival)דָּבָר (H1697) 'the words of'.
הַאֲזִֽינָהgive earHiphil impv 2ms + Sh · אָזַן (H238)Predicate verb (imperative)→ Volitional: imperativeאָזַן (H238) 'give ear'.
2

הִנֵּה נָ֭א פָּתַ֣חְתִּי פִ֑י דִּבְּרָ֖ה לְשׁוֹנִ֣י בְחִכִּֽי

Behold, now I have opened my mouth, my tongue has spoken in my mouth.

Qatal — perfective or stative predicationhinneh
Presentative hinneh, putting a new scene or surprise on stage. Qatal — perfective or stative predication. Lead predicate is 'and he opened'. Speech formula or quoted address.
Word-by-word analysis· 7 words
הִנֵּהbeholdadv. · הִנֵּה (H2009)Particle or relational elementהִנֵּה (H2009) 'behold'.
נָ֭אpleaseparticle · נָא (H4994)Particle or relational elementנָא (H4994) 'please'.
פָּתַ֣חְתִּיand he openedQal perf 1cs · פָּתַח (H6605)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actפָּתַח (H6605) 'and he opened'.
פִ֑יthe mouth ofN c · פֶּה (H6310)Construct chain (genitival)פֶּה (H6310) 'the mouth of'.
דִּבְּרָ֖הshe spokePiel perf 3fs · דִּבֶּר (H1696)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actדִּבֶּר (H1696) 'she spoke'.
לְשׁוֹנִ֣יby their languagesN c · לָשׁוֹן (H3956)Construct chain (genitival)לָשׁוֹן (H3956) 'by their languages'.
בְחִכִּֽי(roof of the) mouthprep + N com m sg constr + sfx 1cs · חֵךְ (H2441)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)חֵךְ (H2441) '(roof of the) mouth'.
3

יֹֽשֶׁר לִבִּ֥י אֲמָרָ֑י וְדַ֥עַת שְׂ֝פָתַ֗י בָּר֥וּר מִלֵּֽלוּ

My words the uprightness of my heart: and my lips shall utter knowledge clearly.

Qatal — perfective or stative predicationasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Qatal — perfective or stative predication. Lead predicate is 'would have declared'.
Word-by-word analysis· 7 words
יֹֽשֶׁרor the uprightness ofN c · יֹשֶׁר (H3476)Construct chain (genitival)יֹשֶׁר (H3476) 'or the uprightness of'.
לִבִּ֥יmy heartN c · לֵב (H3820)Construct chain (genitival)לֵב (H3820) 'my heart'.
אֲמָרָ֑יthe words ofN c · אֵמֶר (H561)Construct chain (genitival)אֵמֶר (H561) 'the words of'.
וְדַ֥עַתthe knowledge ofconj וְ + N com f sg constr · דַּעַת (H1847)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)דַּעַת (H1847) 'the knowledge of'.
שְׂ֝פָתַ֗יthe edge ofN c · שָׂפָה (H8193)Construct chain (genitival)שָׂפָה (H8193) 'the edge of'.
בָּר֥וּרmake brightAdj · בָּרַר (H1305)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)בָּרַר (H1305) 'make bright'.
מִלֵּֽלוּwould have declaredPiel perf 3cp · מָלַל (H4448)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actמָלַל (H4448) 'would have declared'.
4

רֽוּחַ אֵ֥ל עָשָׂ֑תְנִי וְנִשְׁמַ֖ת שַׁדַּ֣י תְּחַיֵּֽנִי

The Spirit of God has made me, and the breath of the Almighty has given me life.

Qatal — perfective or stative predicationasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Qatal — perfective or stative predication. Lead predicate is 'he did'.
Word-by-word analysis· 6 words
רֽוּחַa spirit ofN c · רוּחַ (H7307)Construct chain (genitival)רוּחַ (H7307) 'a spirit of'.
אֵ֥לGodN c · אֵל (H410)Construct chain (genitival)אֵל (H410) 'God'.
עָשָׂ֑תְנִיhe didQal perf 3fs + sfx 1cs · עָשָׂה (H6213)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actעָשָׂה (H6213) 'he did'.
וְנִשְׁמַ֖תbreathing thingconj וְ + N com f sg constr · נְשָׁמָה (H5397)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)נְשָׁמָה (H5397) 'breathing thing'.
שַׁדַּ֣יShaddaiN · שַׁדַּי (H7706)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שַׁדַּי (H7706) 'Shaddai'.
תְּחַיֵּֽנִיand he livedPiel impf 3fs + sfx 1cs · חָיָה (H2421)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalחָיָה (H2421) 'and he lived'.
5

אִם תּוּכַ֥ל הֲשִׁיבֵ֑נִי עֶרְכָ֥ה לְ֝פָנַ֗י הִתְיַצָּֽבָה

If you canst answer me, set in order before me, stand up.

Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-orientedʼim
Conditional ʼim. Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'you may'.
Word-by-word analysis· 6 words
אִםifconj וְ · אִם (H518)Particle or relational elementאִם (H518) 'if'.
תּוּכַ֥לyou mayQal impf 2ms · יָכֹל (H3201)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalיָכֹל (H3201) 'you may'.
הֲשִׁיבֵ֑נִיand he returnedHiphil impv 2ms + sfx 1cs · שׁוּב (H7725)Predicate verb (imperative)→ Volitional: imperativeשׁוּב (H7725) 'and he returned'.
עֶרְכָ֥הand he arrangedQal impv 2ms + Sh · עָרַךְ (H6186)Predicate verb (imperative)→ Volitional: imperativeעָרַךְ (H6186) 'and he arranged'.
לְ֝פָנַ֗יbeforeprep + N com c pl constr + sfx 1cs · פָּנִים (H6440)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)פָּנִים (H6440) 'before'.
הִתְיַצָּֽבָהand he stationed himselfHithpael impv 2ms + Sh · הִתְיַצֵּב (H3320)Predicate verb (imperative)→ Volitional: imperativeהִתְיַצֵּב (H3320) 'and he stationed himself'.
6

הֵן אֲנִ֣י כְפִ֣יךָ לָאֵ֑ל מֵ֝חֹ֗מֶר קֹרַ֥צְתִּי גַם אָֽנִי

Behold, I according to your wish in God's stead: I also am formed out of the clay.

Qatal — perfective or stative predicationhinneh
Presentative hinneh, putting a new scene or surprise on stage. Qatal — perfective or stative predication. Lead predicate is 'form'.
Word-by-word analysis· 8 words
הֵןbeholdadv. · הֵן (H2005)Particle or relational elementהֵן (H2005) 'behold'.
אֲנִ֣יIpron 1cs · אֲנִי (H589)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֲנִי (H589) 'I'.
כְפִ֣יךָthe mouth ofprep + N com m sg constr + sfx 2ms · פֶּה (H6310)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)פֶּה (H6310) 'the mouth of'.
לָאֵ֑לpower inprep + art + N com m sg abs · אֵל (H410)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֵל (H410) 'power in'.
מֵ֝חֹ֗מֶרwith mortarprep + N com m sg abs · חֹמֶר (H2563)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)חֹמֶר (H2563) 'with mortar'.
קֹרַ֥צְתִּיformPual perf 1cs · קָרַץ (H7169)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actקָרַץ (H7169) 'form'.
גַםalsoart · גַּם (H1571)Particle or relational elementגַּם (H1571) 'also'.
אָֽנִיIpron 1cs · אֲנִי (H589)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֲנִי (H589) 'I'.
7

הִנֵּ֣ה אֵ֭מָתִי לֹ֣א תְבַעֲתֶ֑ךָּ וְ֝אַכְפִּ֗י עָלֶ֥יךָ לֹא יִכְבָּֽד

Behold, my terror shall not make you afraid, neither shall my hand be heavy upon you.

Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-orientedhinneh
Presentative hinneh, putting a new scene or surprise on stage. Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented.
Word-by-word analysis· 8 words
הִנֵּ֣הbeholdadv. · הִנֵּה (H2009)Particle or relational elementהִנֵּה (H2009) 'behold'.
אֵ֭מָתִיterrorN c · אֵימָה (H367)Construct chain (genitival)אֵימָה (H367) 'terror'.
לֹ֣אnotneg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'not'.
תְבַעֲתֶ֑ךָּandPiel impf 3fs + sfx 2ms · בָּעַת (H1204)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalבָּעַת (H1204) 'and'.
וְ֝אַכְפִּ֗יandconj וְ + N com m sg constr + sfx 1cs · אֶכֶף (H405)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֶכֶף (H405) 'and'.
עָלֶ֥יךָupon youprep + sfx 2ms · עַל (H5921)Particle or relational elementעַל (H5921) 'upon you'.
לֹאnotneg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'not'.
יִכְבָּֽדand he hardenedQal impf 3ms · כָּבֵד (H3513)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalכָּבֵד (H3513) 'and he hardened'.
8

אַ֭ךְ אָמַ֣רְתָּ בְאָזְנָ֑י וְק֖וֹל מִלִּ֣ין אֶשְׁמָֽע

Surely you have spoken in mine hearing, and I have heard the voice of words, ,

Qatal — perfective or stative predicationasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Qatal — perfective or stative predication. Lead predicate is 'have said'. Speech formula or quoted address.
Word-by-word analysis· 6 words
אַ֭ךְonlyparticle · אַךְ (H389)Particle or relational elementאַךְ (H389) 'only'.
אָמַ֣רְתָּhave saidQal perf 2ms · אָמַר (H559)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actאָמַר (H559) 'have said'.
בְאָזְנָ֑יin the ears ofprep + N com f du constr + sfx 1cs · אֹזֶן (H241)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֹזֶן (H241) 'in the ears of'.
וְק֖וֹלto the voice ofconj וְ + N com m sg constr · קוֹל (H6963)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)קוֹל (H6963) 'to the voice of'.
מִלִּ֣יןwith wordsN c · מִלָּה (H4405)Construct chain (genitival)מִלָּה (H4405) 'with words'.
אֶשְׁמָֽעI will hearQal impf 1cs · שָׁמַע (H8085)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalשָׁמַע (H8085) 'I will hear'.
9

זַ֥ךְ אֲנִ֗י בְּֽלִ֫י פָ֥שַׁע חַ֥ף אָנֹכִ֑י וְלֹ֖א עָוֺ֣ן לִֽי

I am clean without transgression, I innocent; neither iniquity in me.

Nominal or particle frameasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Nominal or particle frame.
Word-by-word analysis· 9 words
זַ֥ךְpureAdj · זָךְ (H2134)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)זָךְ (H2134) 'pure'.
אֲנִ֗יIpron 1cs · אֲנִי (H589)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֲנִי (H589) 'I'.
בְּֽלִ֫יwithoutneg. · בְּלִי (H1097)Particle or relational elementבְּלִי (H1097) 'without'.
פָ֥שַׁעtransgression/disputed claimN c · פֶשַע (H6588)Construct chain (genitival)פֶשַע (H6588) 'transgression/disputed claim'.
חַ֥ףinnocentAdj · חַף (H2643)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)חַף (H2643) 'innocent'.
אָנֹכִ֑יIpron 1cs · אָנֹכִי (H595)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אָנֹכִי (H595) 'I'.
וְלֹ֖אand notconj וְ + neg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'and not'.
עָוֺ֣ןthe iniquity ofN c · עָוֹן (H5771)Construct chain (genitival)עָוֹן (H5771) 'the iniquity of'.
לִֽיto meprep + sfx 1csParticle or relational elementFunction word: 'to me'.
10

הֵ֣ן תְּ֭נוּאוֹת עָלַ֣י יִמְצָ֑א יַחְשְׁבֵ֖נִי לְאוֹיֵ֣ב לֽוֹ

Behold, he findeth occasions against me, he counteth me for his enemy,

Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-orientedhinneh
Presentative hinneh, putting a new scene or surprise on stage. Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'is found'.
Word-by-word analysis· 7 words
הֵ֣ןbeholdadv. · הֵן (H2005)Particle or relational elementהֵן (H2005) 'behold'.
תְּ֭נוּאוֹתmy displeasureN c · תְּנוּאָה (H8569)Construct chain (genitival)תְּנוּאָה (H8569) 'my displeasure'.
עָלַ֣יagainst meprep + sfx 1cs · עַל (H5921)Particle or relational elementעַל (H5921) 'against me'.
יִמְצָ֑אis foundQal impf 3ms · מָצָא (H4672)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalמָצָא (H4672) 'is found'.
יַחְשְׁבֵ֖נִיa skilled designerQal impf 3ms + sfx 1cs · חָשַׁב (H2803)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalחָשַׁב (H2803) 'a skilled designer'.
לְאוֹיֵ֣בyour enemiesprep + Qal ptc ms · אֹיֵב (H341)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorאֹיֵב (H341) 'your enemies'.
לֽוֹto himprep + sfx 3msParticle or relational elementFunction word: 'to him'.
11

יָשֵׂ֣ם בַּסַּ֣ד רַגְלָ֑י יִ֝שְׁמֹ֗ר כָּל אָרְחֹתָֽי

He putteth my feet in the stocks, he marketh all my paths.

Jussive — volitional
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Jussive — volitional. Lead predicate is 'and he set'.
Word-by-word analysis· 6 words
יָשֵׂ֣םand he setQal jussive 3ms · שִׂים (H7760)Predicate verb (jussive)→ Jussive: volitionalשִׂים (H7760) 'and he set'.
בַּסַּ֣דinprep + art + N com m sg abs · סַד (H5465)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)סַד (H5465) 'in'.
רַגְלָ֑יthe feet ofN c · רֶגֶל (H7272)Construct chain (genitival)רֶגֶל (H7272) 'the feet of'.
יִ֝שְׁמֹ֗רand you shall keepQal impf 3ms · שָׁמַר (H8104)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalשָׁמַר (H8104) 'and you shall keep'.
כָּלallN c · כֹּל (H3605)Construct chain (genitival)כֹּל (H3605) 'all'.
אָרְחֹתָֽיthe way ofN c · אֹרַח (H734)Construct chain (genitival)אֹרַח (H734) 'the way of'.
12

הֶן זֹ֣את לֹא צָדַ֣קְתָּ אֶעֱנֶ֑ךָּ כִּֽי יִרְבֶּ֥ה אֱ֝ל֗וֹהַ מֵאֱנֽוֹשׁ

Behold, this you are not just: I will answer you, that God is greater than man.

Qatal — perfective or stative predicationhinneh
Presentative hinneh, putting a new scene or surprise on stage. Qatal — perfective or stative predication. Lead predicate is 'and they justify'. Speech formula or quoted address.
Word-by-word analysis· 9 words
הֶןbeholdparticle · הֵן (H2005)Particle or relational elementהֵן (H2005) 'behold'.
זֹ֣אתthisdem. pron xfs · זֹאת (H2063)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)זֹאת (H2063) 'this'.
לֹאnotneg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'not'.
צָדַ֣קְתָּand they justifyQal perf 2ms · צָדַק (H6663)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actצָדַק (H6663) 'and they justify'.
אֶעֱנֶ֑ךָּand answeredQal impf 1cs + sfx 2ms · עָנָה (H6030)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalעָנָה (H6030) 'and answered'.
כִּֽיforconj וְ · כִּי (H3588)Particle or relational elementכִּי (H3588) 'for'.
יִרְבֶּ֥הhe shall multiplyQal impf 3ms · רָבָה (H7235)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalרָבָה (H7235) 'he shall multiply'.
אֱ֝ל֗וֹהַGodN c · אֱלוֹהַּ (H433)Construct chain (genitival)אֱלוֹהַּ (H433) 'God'.
מֵאֱנֽוֹשׁfrom mankindprep + N com m sg abs · אֱנוֹשׁ (H582)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֱנוֹשׁ (H582) 'from mankind'.
13

מַ֭דּוּעַ אֵלָ֣יו רִיב֑וֹתָ כִּ֥י כָל דְּ֝בָרָ֗יו לֹ֣א יַעֲנֶֽה

Why dost you strive against him? for he giveth not account of any of his matters.

Qatal — perfective or stative predicationasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Qatal — perfective or stative predication. Lead predicate is 'and quarreled'.
Word-by-word analysis· 8 words
מַ֭דּוּעַwhyinterrog. · מַדּוּעַ (H4069)Particle or relational elementמַדּוּעַ (H4069) 'why'.
אֵלָ֣יוto himprep + sfx 3ms · אֶל (H413)Particle or relational elementאֶל (H413) 'to him'.
רִיב֑וֹתָand quarreledQal perf 2ms · רִיב (H7378)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actרִיב (H7378) 'and quarreled'.
כִּ֥יforconj וְ · כִּי (H3588)Particle or relational elementכִּי (H3588) 'for'.
כָלallN c · כֹּל (H3605)Construct chain (genitival)כֹּל (H3605) 'all'.
דְּ֝בָרָ֗יוhis wordsN c · דָּבָר (H1697)Construct chain (genitival)דָּבָר (H1697) 'his words'.
לֹ֣אnotneg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'not'.
יַעֲנֶֽהwill answerQal impf 3ms · עָנָה (H6030)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalעָנָה (H6030) 'will answer'.
14

כִּֽי בְאַחַ֥ת יְדַבֶּר אֵ֑ל וּ֝בִשְׁתַּ֗יִם לֹ֣א יְשׁוּרֶֽנָּה

For God speaketh once, yea twice, perceiveth it not.

Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented
kî-clause (causal, recitative, or evidential). Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'speaks'.
Word-by-word analysis· 7 words
כִּֽיforconj וְ · כִּי (H3588)Particle or relational elementכִּי (H3588) 'for'.
בְאַחַ֥תconcerning one ofprep + Adj c · אֶחָד (H259)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֶחָד (H259) 'concerning one of'.
יְדַבֶּרspeaksPiel impf 3ms · דִּבֶּר (H1696)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalדִּבֶּר (H1696) 'speaks'.
אֵ֑לGodN c · אֵל (H410)Construct chain (genitival)אֵל (H410) 'God'.
וּ֝בִשְׁתַּ֗יִםtwoconj וְ + prep + Adj c det · שְׁנַיִם (H8147)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שְׁנַיִם (H8147) 'two'.
לֹ֣אnotneg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'not'.
יְשׁוּרֶֽנָּהI behold himQal impf 3ms + sfx 3fs · שׁוּר (H7789)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalשׁוּר (H7789) 'I behold him'.
15

בַּחֲל֤וֹם חֶזְי֬וֹן לַ֗יְלָה בִּנְפֹ֣ל תַּ֭רְדֵּמָה עַל אֲנָשִׁ֑ים בִּ֝תְנוּמ֗וֹת עֲלֵ֣י מִשְׁכָּֽב

In a dream, in a vision of the night, when deep sleep falleth upon men, in slumberings upon the bed;

Infinitive construct — purpose, result, or complementasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Infinitive construct — purpose, result, or complement. Lead predicate is 'and he fell'.
Word-by-word analysis· 10 words
בַּחֲל֤וֹםin a dreamprep + N com m sg abs · חֲלוֹם (H2472)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)חֲלוֹם (H2472) 'in a dream'.
חֶזְי֬וֹןvisionN c · חִזָּיוֹן (H2384)Construct chain (genitival)חִזָּיוֹן (H2384) 'vision'.
לַ֗יְלָהby nightN c · לַיְלָה (H3915)Construct chain (genitival)לַיְלָה (H3915) 'by night'.
בִּנְפֹ֣לand he fellprep + Qal inf constr · נָפַל (H5307)Infinitive construct→ Infinitive construct: purpose, result, or complementנָפַל (H5307) 'and he fell'.
תַּ֭רְדֵּמָהdeep sleepN c · תַּרְדֵּמָה (H8639)Construct chain (genitival)תַּרְדֵּמָה (H8639) 'deep sleep'.
עַלonprep · עַל (H5921)Particle or relational elementעַל (H5921) 'on'.
אֲנָשִׁ֑יםmenN c · אִישׁ (H376)Construct chain (genitival)אִישׁ (H376) 'men'.
בִּ֝תְנוּמ֗וֹתinprep + N com f pl abs · תְּנוּמָה (H8572)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)תְּנוּמָה (H8572) 'in'.
עֲלֵ֣יagainst meprep · עַל (H5921)Particle or relational elementעַל (H5921) 'against me'.
מִשְׁכָּֽבlying withN c · מִשְׁכָּב (H4904)Construct chain (genitival)מִשְׁכָּב (H4904) 'lying with'.
16

אָ֣ז יִ֭גְלֶה אֹ֣זֶן אֲנָשִׁ֑ים וּבְמֹ֖סָרָ֣ם יַחְתֹּֽם

Then he openeth the ears of men, and sealeth their instruction,

Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-orientedasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'he shall uncover'.
Word-by-word analysis· 6 words
אָ֣זthenart · אָז (H227)Particle or relational elementאָז (H227) 'then'.
יִ֭גְלֶהhe shall uncoverQal impf 3ms · גָּלָה (H1540)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalגָּלָה (H1540) 'he shall uncover'.
אֹ֣זֶןthe ear ofN c · אֹזֶן (H241)Construct chain (genitival)אֹזֶן (H241) 'the ear of'.
אֲנָשִׁ֑יםmenN c · אִישׁ (H376)Construct chain (genitival)אִישׁ (H376) 'men'.
וּבְמֹ֖סָרָ֣םandconj וְ + prep + N com m sg constr + sfx 3mp · מֹסָר (H4561)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מֹסָר (H4561) 'and'.
יַחְתֹּֽםsealedQal impf 3ms · חָתַם (H2856)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalחָתַם (H2856) 'sealed'.
17

לְ֭הָסִיר אָדָ֣ם מַעֲשֶׂ֑ה וְגֵוָ֖ה מִגֶּ֣בֶר יְכַסֶּֽה

That he may withdraw man purpose, and hide pride from man.

Infinitive construct — purpose, result, or complementasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Infinitive construct — purpose, result, or complement. Lead predicate is 'to remove'.
Word-by-word analysis· 6 words
לְ֭הָסִירto removeprep + Hiphil inf constr · סוּר (H5493)Infinitive construct→ Infinitive construct: purpose, result, or complementסוּר (H5493) 'to remove'.
אָדָ֣םmanN c · אָדָם (H120)Construct chain (genitival)אָדָם (H120) 'man'.
מַעֲשֶׂ֑הthe work ofN c · מַעֲשֶׂה (H4639)Construct chain (genitival)מַעֲשֶׂה (H4639) 'the work of'.
וְגֵוָ֖הlifting upconj וְ + N com f sg abs · גֵּוָה (H1466)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)גֵּוָה (H1466) 'lifting up'.
מִגֶּ֣בֶרa manprep + N com m sg abs · גֶּבֶר (H1397)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)גֶּבֶר (H1397) 'a man'.
יְכַסֶּֽהthat coversPiel impf 3ms · כָּסָה (H3680)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalכָּסָה (H3680) 'that covers'.
18

יַחְשֹׂ֣ךְ נַ֭פְשׁוֹ מִנִּי שָׁ֑חַת וְ֝חַיָּת֗וֹ מֵעֲבֹ֥ר בַּשָּֽׁלַח

He keepeth back his soul from the pit, and his life from perishing by the sword.

Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-orientedasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'withheld'.
Word-by-word analysis· 7 words
יַחְשֹׂ֣ךְwithheldQal impf 3ms · חָשַׂךְ (H2820)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalחָשַׂךְ (H2820) 'withheld'.
נַ֭פְשׁוֹhis soulN c · נֶפֶשׁ (H5315)Construct chain (genitival)נֶפֶשׁ (H5315) 'his soul'.
מִנִּיfromprep · מִן (H4480)Particle or relational elementמִן (H4480) 'from'.
שָׁ֑חַתfromN c · שַׁחַת (H7845)Construct chain (genitival)שַׁחַת (H7845) 'from'.
וְ֝חַיָּת֗וֹand wild beasts ofconj וְ + N com f sg constr + sfx 3ms · חַי (H2416)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)חַי (H2416) 'and wild beasts of'.
מֵעֲבֹ֥רfrom crossing overprep + Qal inf constr · עָבַר (H5674)Infinitive construct→ Infinitive construct: purpose, result, or complementעָבַר (H5674) 'from crossing over'.
בַּשָּֽׁלַחdartprep + art + N com m sg abs · שֶׁלַח (H7973)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שֶׁלַח (H7973) 'dart'.
19

וְהוּכַ֣ח בְּ֭מַכְאוֹב עַל מִשְׁכָּב֑וֹ וריב וְר֖וֹב עֲצָמָ֣יו אֵתָֽן

He is chastened also with pain upon his bed, and the multitude of his bones with strong :

Linked non-verbal clause
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Linked non-verbal clause.
Word-by-word analysis· 8 words
וְהוּכַ֣חand he reprovedconj וְ + Hophal q 3ms · יָכַח (H3198)Particle or relational elementיָכַח (H3198) 'and he reproved'.
בְּ֭מַכְאוֹבtheir sufferingsprep + N com m sg abs · מַכְאוֹב (H4341)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מַכְאוֹב (H4341) 'their sufferings'.
עַלonprep · עַל (H5921)Particle or relational elementעַל (H5921) 'on'.
מִשְׁכָּב֑וֹthe bedN c · מִשְׁכָּב (H4904)Construct chain (genitival)מִשְׁכָּב (H4904) 'the bed'.
וריבdisputeconj וְ + N com c sg constr · רִיב (H7379)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)רִיב (H7379) 'dispute'.
וְר֖וֹבfor multitudeconj וְ + N com c sg constr · רֹב (H7230)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)רֹב (H7230) 'for multitude'.
עֲצָמָ֣יוthe bones ofN c · עֶצֶם (H6106)Construct chain (genitival)עֶצֶם (H6106) 'the bones of'.
אֵתָֽןever-flowingAdj · אֵיתָן (H386)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֵיתָן (H386) 'ever-flowing'.
20

וְזִֽהֲמַ֣תּוּ חַיָּת֣וֹ לָ֑חֶם וְ֝נַפְשׁ֗וֹ מַאֲכַ֥ל תַּאֲוָֽה

So that his life abhorreth bread, and his soul dainty meat.

Qatal — perfective or stative predication
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Qatal — perfective or stative predication.
Word-by-word analysis· 6 words
וְזִֽהֲמַ֣תּוּandconj וְ + Piel perf 3fs + sfx 3ms · זָהַם (H2092)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actזָהַם (H2092) 'and'.
חַיָּת֣וֹaliveN c · חַי (H2416)Construct chain (genitival)חַי (H2416) 'alive'.
לָ֑חֶםbreadN c · לֶחֶם (H3899)Construct chain (genitival)לֶחֶם (H3899) 'bread'.
וְ֝נַפְשׁ֗וֹand his lifeconj וְ + N com c sg constr + sfx 3ms · נֶפֶשׁ (H5315)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)נֶפֶשׁ (H5315) 'and his life'.
מַאֲכַ֥לfoodN c · מַאֲכָל (H3978)Construct chain (genitival)מַאֲכָל (H3978) 'food'.
תַּאֲוָֽהa delightN c · תַּאֲוָה (H8378)Construct chain (genitival)תַּאֲוָה (H8378) 'a delight'.
21

יִ֣כֶל בְּשָׂר֣וֹ מֵרֹ֑אִי ושפי וְשֻׁפּ֥וּ עַ֝צְמוֹתָ֗יו לֹ֣א רֻאּֽוּ

His flesh is consumed away, that it cannot be seen; and his bones were not seen stick out.

Jussive — volitional
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Jussive — volitional. Lead predicate is 'and he finished'.
Word-by-word analysis· 8 words
יִ֣כֶלand he finishedQal jussive 3ms · כָּלָה (H3615)Predicate verb (jussive)→ Jussive: volitionalכָּלָה (H3615) 'and he finished'.
בְּשָׂר֣וֹhis bodyN c · בָּשָׂר (H1320)Construct chain (genitival)בָּשָׂר (H1320) 'his body'.
מֵרֹ֑אִיseeingprep + N com m sg abs · רֳאִי (H7210)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)רֳאִי (H7210) 'seeing'.
ושפיto a bare heightconj וְ + N com m sg constr · שֶׁפִי (H8205)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שֶׁפִי (H8205) 'to a bare height'.
וְשֻׁפּ֥וּhighconj וְ + Pual q 3cp · שָׁפָה (H8192)Particle or relational elementשָׁפָה (H8192) 'high'.
עַ֝צְמוֹתָ֗יוthe bones ofN c · עֶצֶם (H6106)Construct chain (genitival)עֶצֶם (H6106) 'the bones of'.
לֹ֣אnotneg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'not'.
רֻאּֽוּsawQal passive perf 3cp · רָאָה (H7200)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actרָאָה (H7200) 'saw'.
22

וַתִּקְרַ֣ב לַשַּׁ֣חַת נַפְשׁ֑וֹ וְ֝חַיָּת֗וֹ לַֽמְמִתִֽים

Yea, his soul draweth near to the grave, and his life to the destroyers.

Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action. Lead predicate is 'and he shall present'.
Word-by-word analysis· 5 words
וַתִּקְרַ֣בand he shall presentconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3fs · קָרַב (H7126)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceקָרַב (H7126) 'and he shall present'.
לַשַּׁ֣חַתtoprep + art + N com f sg abs · שַׁחַת (H7845)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שַׁחַת (H7845) 'to'.
נַפְשׁ֑וֹhis soulN c · נֶפֶשׁ (H5315)Construct chain (genitival)נֶפֶשׁ (H5315) 'his soul'.
וְ֝חַיָּת֗וֹand wild beasts ofconj וְ + N com f sg constr + sfx 3ms · חַי (H2416)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)חַי (H2416) 'and wild beasts of'.
לַֽמְמִתִֽיםand he diedprep + art + Hiphil ptc mp · מוּת (H4191)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorמוּת (H4191) 'and he died'.
23

אִם יֵ֤שׁ עָלָ֨יו מַלְאָ֗ךְ מֵלִ֗יץ אֶחָ֥ד מִנִּי אָ֑לֶף לְהַגִּ֖יד לְאָדָ֣ם יָשְׁרֽוֹ

If there be a messenger with him, an interpreter, one among a thousand, to shew to man his uprightness:

Participle — attendant circumstance or substantival actorʼim
Conditional ʼim. Participle — attendant circumstance or substantival actor. Lead predicate is 'the interpreter'.
Word-by-word analysis· 11 words
אִםifconj וְ · אִם (H518)Particle or relational elementאִם (H518) 'if'.
יֵ֤שׁthere isadv. · יֵשׁ (H3426)Particle or relational elementיֵשׁ (H3426) 'there is'.
עָלָ֨יוon itprep + sfx 3ms · עַל (H5921)Particle or relational elementעַל (H5921) 'on it'.
מַלְאָ֗ךְthe angel ofN c · מַלְאָךְ (H4397)Construct chain (genitival)מַלְאָךְ (H4397) 'the angel of'.
מֵלִ֗יץthe interpreterHiphil ptc ms · לוּץ (H3887)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorלוּץ (H3887) 'the interpreter'.
אֶחָ֥דoneAdj · אֶחָד (H259)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֶחָד (H259) 'one'.
מִנִּיfromprep · מִן (H4480)Particle or relational elementמִן (H4480) 'from'.
אָ֑לֶףthousandAdj · אֶלֶף (H505)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֶלֶף (H505) 'thousand'.
לְהַגִּ֖ידto tellprep + Hiphil inf constr · נָגַד (H5046)Infinitive construct→ Infinitive construct: purpose, result, or complementנָגַד (H5046) 'to tell'.
לְאָדָ֣םto manprep + N com m sg abs · אָדָם (H120)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אָדָם (H120) 'to man'.
יָשְׁרֽוֹor the uprightness ofN c · יֹשֶׁר (H3476)Construct chain (genitival)יֹשֶׁר (H3476) 'or the uprightness of'.
24

וַיְחֻנֶּ֗נּוּ וַיֹּ֗אמֶר פְּ֭דָעֵהוּ מֵרֶ֥דֶת שָׁ֗חַת מָצָ֥אתִי כֹֽפֶר

Then he is gracious to him, and says, Deliver him from going down to the pit: I have found a ransom.

Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action. Lead predicate is 'pity me'. Speech formula or quoted address.
Word-by-word analysis· 7 words
וַיְחֻנֶּ֗נּוּpity meconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms + sfx 3ms · חָנַן (H2603)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceחָנַן (H2603) 'pity me'.
וַיֹּ֗אמֶרand he saidconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · אָמַר (H559)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceאָמַר (H559) 'and he said'.
פְּ֭דָעֵהוּdeliverQal impv 2ms + sfx 3ms · פָּדַע (H6308)Predicate verb (imperative)→ Volitional: imperativeפָּדַע (H6308) 'deliver'.
מֵרֶ֥דֶתand went downprep + Qal inf constr · יָרַד (H3381)Infinitive construct→ Infinitive construct: purpose, result, or complementיָרַד (H3381) 'and went down'.
שָׁ֗חַתfromN c · שַׁחַת (H7845)Construct chain (genitival)שַׁחַת (H7845) 'from'.
מָצָ֥אתִיI have foundQal perf 1cs · מָצָא (H4672)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actמָצָא (H4672) 'I have found'.
כֹֽפֶרa ransomN c · כֹּפֶר (H3724)Construct chain (genitival)כֹּפֶר (H3724) 'a ransom'.
25

רֻֽטֲפַ֣שׁ בְּשָׂר֣וֹ מִנֹּ֑עַר יָ֝שׁ֗וּב לִימֵ֥י עֲלוּמָֽיו

His flesh shall be fresher than a child's: he shall return to the days of his youth:

Qatal — perfective or stative predicationasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Qatal — perfective or stative predication. Lead predicate is 'be fresh'.
Word-by-word analysis· 6 words
רֻֽטֲפַ֣שׁbe freshQal passive perf 3ms · רֻטֲפַשׁ (H7375)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actרֻטֲפַשׁ (H7375) 'be fresh'.
בְּשָׂר֣וֹhis bodyN c · בָּשָׂר (H1320)Construct chain (genitival)בָּשָׂר (H1320) 'his body'.
מִנֹּ֑עַרfromprep + N com m sg abs · נֹעַר (H5290)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)נֹעַר (H5290) 'from'.
יָ֝שׁ֗וּבhe shall returnQal impf 3ms · שׁוּב (H7725)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalשׁוּב (H7725) 'he shall return'.
לִימֵ֥יon the dayprep + N com m pl constr · יוֹם (H3117)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יוֹם (H3117) 'on the day'.
עֲלוּמָֽיוyouthN c · עָלוּם (H5934)Construct chain (genitival)עָלוּם (H5934) 'youth'.
26

יֶעְתַּ֤ר אֶל אֱל֨וֹהַּ וַיִּרְצֵ֗הוּ וַיַּ֣רְא פָּ֭נָיו בִּתְרוּעָ֑ה וַיָּ֥שֶׁב לֶ֝אֱנ֗וֹשׁ צִדְקָתֽוֹ

He shall pray to God, and he will be favourable to him: and he shall see his face with joy: for he will render to man his righteousness.

Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'and he pleaded'.
Word-by-word analysis· 10 words
יֶעְתַּ֤רand he pleadedQal impf 3ms · עָתַר (H6279)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalעָתַר (H6279) 'and he pleaded'.
אֶלtoprep · אֶל (H413)Particle or relational elementאֶל (H413) 'to'.
אֱל֨וֹהַּGodN c · אֱלוֹהַּ (H433)Construct chain (genitival)אֱלוֹהַּ (H433) 'God'.
וַיִּרְצֵ֗הוּit shall be acceptedconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms + sfx 3ms · רָצָה (H7521)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceרָצָה (H7521) 'it shall be accepted'.
וַיַּ֣רְאand he sawconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · רָאָה (H7200)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceרָאָה (H7200) 'and he saw'.
פָּ֭נָיוhis faceN c · פָּנִים (H6440)Construct chain (genitival)פָּנִים (H6440) 'his face'.
בִּתְרוּעָ֑הan alarm-blastprep + N com f sg abs · תְּרוּעָה (H8643)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)תְּרוּעָה (H8643) 'an alarm-blast'.
וַיָּ֥שֶׁבand he returnedconj וְ + Hiphil wayyiqtol 3ms · שׁוּב (H7725)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceשׁוּב (H7725) 'and he returned'.
לֶ֝אֱנ֗וֹשׁfrom mankindprep + N com m sg abs · אֱנוֹשׁ (H582)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֱנוֹשׁ (H582) 'from mankind'.
צִדְקָתֽוֹrighteousnessN c · צְדָקָה (H6666)Construct chain (genitival)צְדָקָה (H6666) 'righteousness'.
27

יָשֹׁ֤ר עַל אֲנָשִׁ֗ים וַיֹּ֗אמֶר חָ֭טָאתִי וְיָשָׁ֥ר הֶעֱוֵ֗יתִי וְלֹא שָׁ֥וָה לִֽי

He looketh upon men, and say, I have sinned, and perverted right, and it profited me not;

Jussive — volitionalhinneh
Presentative hinneh, putting a new scene or surprise on stage. Jussive — volitional. Lead predicate is 'I behold him'. Speech formula or quoted address.
Word-by-word analysis· 10 words
יָשֹׁ֤רI behold himQal jussive 3ms · שׁוּר (H7789)Predicate verb (jussive)→ Jussive: volitionalשׁוּר (H7789) 'I behold him'.
עַלonprep · עַל (H5921)Particle or relational elementעַל (H5921) 'on'.
אֲנָשִׁ֗יםmenN c · אִישׁ (H376)Construct chain (genitival)אִישׁ (H376) 'men'.
וַיֹּ֗אמֶרand he saidconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · אָמַר (H559)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceאָמַר (H559) 'and he said'.
חָ֭טָאתִיI have sinnedQal perf 1cs · חָטָא (H2398)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actחָטָא (H2398) 'I have sinned'.
וְיָשָׁ֥רand uprightconj וְ + Adj · יָשָׁר (H3477)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יָשָׁר (H3477) 'and upright'.
הֶעֱוֵ֗יתִיdo amissHiphil perf 1cs · עָוָה (H5753)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actעָוָה (H5753) 'do amiss'.
וְלֹאand notconj וְ + neg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'and not'.
שָׁ֥וָהavailQal perf 3ms · שָׁוָה (H7737)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actשָׁוָה (H7737) 'avail'.
לִֽיto meprep + sfx 1csParticle or relational elementFunction word: 'to me'.
28

פָּדָ֣ה נפשי נַ֭פְשׁוֹ מֵעֲבֹ֣ר בַּשָּׁ֑חַת וחיתי וְ֝חַיָּתוֹ בָּא֥וֹר תִּרְאֶֽה

He will deliver his soul from going into the pit, and his life shall see the light.

Qatal — perfective or stative predicationasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Qatal — perfective or stative predication. Lead predicate is 'surely redeem'.
Word-by-word analysis· 9 words
פָּדָ֣הsurely redeemQal perf 3ms · פָּדָה (H6299)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actפָּדָה (H6299) 'surely redeem'.
נפשיmy soulN c · נֶפֶשׁ (H5315)Construct chain (genitival)נֶפֶשׁ (H5315) 'my soul'.
נַ֭פְשׁוֹhis soulN c · נֶפֶשׁ (H5315)Construct chain (genitival)נֶפֶשׁ (H5315) 'his soul'.
מֵעֲבֹ֣רfrom crossing overprep + Qal inf constr · עָבַר (H5674)Infinitive construct→ Infinitive construct: purpose, result, or complementעָבַר (H5674) 'from crossing over'.
בַּשָּׁ֑חַתfromprep + art + N com f sg abs · שַׁחַת (H7845)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שַׁחַת (H7845) 'from'.
וחיתיaliveconj וְ + N com f sg constr + sfx 1cs · חַי (H2416)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)חַי (H2416) 'alive'.
וְ֝חַיָּתוֹand wild beasts ofconj וְ + N com f sg constr + sfx 3ms · חַי (H2416)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)חַי (H2416) 'and wild beasts of'.
בָּא֥וֹרlightprep + art + N com c sg abs · אוֹר (H216)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אוֹר (H216) 'light'.
תִּרְאֶֽהyou will seeQal impf 3fs · רָאָה (H7200)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalרָאָה (H7200) 'you will see'.
29

הֶן כָּל אֵ֭לֶּה יִפְעַל אֵ֑ל פַּעֲמַ֖יִם שָׁל֣וֹשׁ עִם גָּֽבֶר

Lo, all these worketh God oftentimes with man,

Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-orientedhinneh
Presentative hinneh, putting a new scene or surprise on stage. Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'did'.
Word-by-word analysis· 9 words
הֶןbeholdparticle · הֵן (H2005)Particle or relational elementהֵן (H2005) 'behold'.
כָּלallN c · כֹּל (H3605)Construct chain (genitival)כֹּל (H3605) 'all'.
אֵ֭לֶּהthesedem. pron xcp · אֵלֶּה (H428)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֵלֶּה (H428) 'these'.
יִפְעַלdidQal impf 3ms · פָּעַל (H6466)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalפָּעַל (H6466) 'did'.
אֵ֑לGodN c · אֵל (H410)Construct chain (genitival)אֵל (H410) 'God'.
פַּעֲמַ֖יִםtimesN c · פַּעַם (H6471)Construct chain (genitival)פַּעַם (H6471) 'times'.
שָׁל֣וֹשׁthreeAdj · שָׁלוֹשׁ (H7969)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שָׁלוֹשׁ (H7969) 'three'.
עִםwithprep · עִם (H5973)Particle or relational elementעִם (H5973) 'with'.
גָּֽבֶרa manN c · גֶּבֶר (H1397)Construct chain (genitival)גֶּבֶר (H1397) 'a man'.
30

לְהָשִׁ֣יב נַ֭פְשׁוֹ מִנִּי שָׁ֑חַת לֵ֝א֗וֹר בְּא֣וֹר הַֽחַיִּים

To bring back his soul from the pit, to be enlightened with the light of the living.

Infinitive construct — purpose, result, or complementasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Infinitive construct — purpose, result, or complement. Lead predicate is 'to receive'.
Word-by-word analysis· 7 words
לְהָשִׁ֣יבto receiveprep + Hiphil inf constr · שׁוּב (H7725)Infinitive construct→ Infinitive construct: purpose, result, or complementשׁוּב (H7725) 'to receive'.
נַ֭פְשׁוֹhis soulN c · נֶפֶשׁ (H5315)Construct chain (genitival)נֶפֶשׁ (H5315) 'his soul'.
מִנִּיfromprep · מִן (H4480)Particle or relational elementמִן (H4480) 'from'.
שָׁ֑חַתfromN c · שַׁחַת (H7845)Construct chain (genitival)שַׁחַת (H7845) 'from'.
לֵ֝א֗וֹרto give lightprep + Niphal inf constr · אוֹר (H215)Infinitive construct→ Infinitive construct: purpose, result, or complementאוֹר (H215) 'to give light'.
בְּא֣וֹרlightprep + N com c sg constr · אוֹר (H216)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אוֹר (H216) 'light'.
הַֽחַיִּיםlifeart + N com c pl abs · חַי (H2416)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)חַי (H2416) 'life'.
31

הַקְשֵׁ֖ב אִיּ֥וֹב שְֽׁמַֽע לִ֑י הַ֝חֲרֵ֗שׁ וְאָנֹכִ֥י אֲדַבֵּֽר

Mark well, O Job, hearken to me: hold your peace, and I will speak.

Imperative — volitional addressasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Imperative — volitional address. Lead predicate is 'to'.
Word-by-word analysis· 7 words
הַקְשֵׁ֖בtoHiphil impv 2ms · קָשַׁב (H7181)Predicate verb (imperative)→ Volitional: imperativeקָשַׁב (H7181) 'to'.
אִיּ֥וֹבJobN · אִיּוֹב (H347)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אִיּוֹב (H347) 'Job'.
שְֽׁמַֽעlistenQal impv 2ms · שָׁמַע (H8085)Predicate verb (imperative)→ Volitional: imperativeשָׁמַע (H8085) 'listen'.
לִ֑יto meprep + sfx 1csParticle or relational elementFunction word: 'to me'.
הַ֝חֲרֵ֗שׁindeedHiphil impv 2ms · חָרַשׁ (H2790)Predicate verb (imperative)→ Volitional: imperativeחָרַשׁ (H2790) 'indeed'.
וְאָנֹכִ֥יand Iconj וְ + pron 1cs · אָנֹכִי (H595)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אָנֹכִי (H595) 'and I'.
אֲדַבֵּֽרI speakPiel impf 1cs · דִּבֶּר (H1696)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalדִּבֶּר (H1696) 'I speak'.
32

אִם יֵשׁ מִלִּ֥ין הֲשִׁיבֵ֑נִי דַּ֝בֵּ֗ר כִּֽי חָפַ֥צְתִּי צַדְּקֶֽךָּ

If you have any thing to say, answer me: speak, for I desire to justify you.

Imperative — volitional addressʼim
Conditional ʼim. Imperative — volitional address. Lead predicate is 'and he returned'.
Word-by-word analysis· 8 words
אִםifconj וְ · אִם (H518)Particle or relational elementאִם (H518) 'if'.
יֵשׁthere isadv. · יֵשׁ (H3426)Particle or relational elementיֵשׁ (H3426) 'there is'.
מִלִּ֥יןwith wordsN c · מִלָּה (H4405)Construct chain (genitival)מִלָּה (H4405) 'with words'.
הֲשִׁיבֵ֑נִיand he returnedHiphil impv 2ms + sfx 1cs · שׁוּב (H7725)Predicate verb (imperative)→ Volitional: imperativeשׁוּב (H7725) 'and he returned'.
דַּ֝בֵּ֗רspeakPiel impv 2ms · דִּבֶּר (H1696)Predicate verb (imperative)→ Volitional: imperativeדִּבֶּר (H1696) 'speak'.
כִּֽיforconj וְ · כִּי (H3588)Particle or relational elementכִּי (H3588) 'for'.
חָפַ֥צְתִּיI do not desireQal perf 1cs · חָפֵץ (H2654)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actחָפֵץ (H2654) 'I do not desire'.
צַדְּקֶֽךָּand they justifyPiel inf constr + sfx 2ms · צָדַק (H6663)Infinitive construct→ Infinitive construct: purpose, result, or complementצָדַק (H6663) 'and they justify'.
33

אִם אַ֭יִן אַתָּ֥ה שְֽׁמַֽע לִ֑י הַ֝חֲרֵ֗שׁ וַאֲאַלֶּפְךָ֥ חָכְמָֽה

If not, hearken to me: hold your peace, and I shall teach you wisdom.

Imperative — volitional addressʼim
Conditional ʼim. Imperative — volitional address. Lead predicate is 'listen'. Closes the chapter.
Word-by-word analysis· 8 words
אִםifconj וְ · אִם (H518)Particle or relational elementאִם (H518) 'if'.
אַ֭יִןthere is notneg. · אַיִן (H369)Particle or relational elementאַיִן (H369) 'there is not'.
אַתָּ֥הyoupron 2ms · אַתָּה (H859)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אַתָּה (H859) 'you'.
שְֽׁמַֽעlistenQal impv 2ms · שָׁמַע (H8085)Predicate verb (imperative)→ Volitional: imperativeשָׁמַע (H8085) 'listen'.
לִ֑יto meprep + sfx 1csParticle or relational elementFunction word: 'to me'.
הַ֝חֲרֵ֗שׁindeedHiphil impv 2ms · חָרַשׁ (H2790)Predicate verb (imperative)→ Volitional: imperativeחָרַשׁ (H2790) 'indeed'.
וַאֲאַלֶּפְךָ֥andconj וְ + Piel impf 1cs + sfx 2ms · אָלַף (H502)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalאָלַף (H502) 'and'.
חָכְמָֽהwisdomN c · חָכְמָה (H2451)Construct chain (genitival)חָכְמָה (H2451) 'wisdom'.