Hebrew Text · Translation · Interlinear · Discourse Structure

The Book of Job, Chapter 32איוב 32

Each verse opens with the running Hebrew, an English translation, and a discourse note (its connective, relation, and role in the argument). Below follows the word-by-word breakdown in six tiers: gloss, case/state or parsing, syntax, semantic force, and a lexical note.

Case Nominative Genitive Dative Accusative Vocative Verb (no case) Indeclinable

Discourse notes head each verse: relation · connective · clause-flow. Indentation marks prominence — flush-left = main line of argument; indented = supporting / subordinate material.

Theme

Job 32 (22 verses in the MT) opens: So these three men ceased to answer Job, because he righteous in his own eyes. The middle of the chapter continues: Yea, I attended to you, and, behold, none of you that convinced Job, that answered his words: It closes: For I know not to give flattering titles; my maker would soon take me away.

Translation & textual notes

The Hebrew base text here follows the Masoretic Text in the Leningrad tradition as represented by the Westminster Leningrad Codex / MorphHB diplomatic stream imported from OSHB; distinctively copyrighted apparatus from BHS or BHQ is not reproduced. Job 32 comprises 22 verses in MT order. Movement I (vv. 1-5) — So these three men ceased to answer Job, because he righteous in his own. So these three men ceased to answer Job, because he righteous in his own eyes. Then was kindled the wrath of Elihu the son of Barachel the Buzite, of the kindred of Ram: against Job was his wrath kindled, because he justified himself rather than God. Also against his three friends was his wrath kindled, because they had found no answer, and had condemned. Movement II (vv. 6-10) — And Elihu the son of Barachel the Buzite answered and said, I young, and. And Elihu the son of Barachel the Buzite answered and said, I young, and you very old; wherefore I was afraid, and durst not shew you mine opinion. I said, Days should speak, and multitude of years should teach wisdom. But a spirit in man: and the inspiration of the Almighty giveth them understanding. Great men are not wise: neither do the aged understand. Movement III (vv. 11-15) — Behold, I waited for your words; I gave ear to your reasons, whilst you. Behold, I waited for your words; I gave ear to your reasons, whilst you searched out what to say. Yea, I attended to you, and, behold, none of you that convinced Job, that answered his words: Lest you should say, We have found out wisdom: God thrusteth him down, not man. Now he has not directed words against me: neither will I answer him with your speeches.. Movement IV (vv. 16-20) — When I had waited, (for they spake not, but stood still, answered no mor. When I had waited, (for they spake not, but stood still, answered no more;) , I will answer also my part, I also will shew mine opinion. For I am full of matter, the spirit within me constraineth me. Behold, my belly as wine has no vent; it is ready to burst like new bottles. I will speak, that I may be refreshed: I will open my lips and answer. Movement V (vv. 21-22) — Let me not, I pray you, accept any man's person, neither let me give fla. Let me not, I pray you, accept any man's person, neither let me give flattering titles to man. For I know not to give flattering titles; my maker would soon take me away. Where English printed Bibles divide verses differently, this annotation follows MT versification throughout.

1

וַֽיִּשְׁבְּת֡וּ שְׁלֹ֤שֶׁת הָאֲנָשִׁ֣ים הָ֭אֵלֶּה מֵעֲנ֣וֹת אֶת אִיּ֑וֹב כִּ֤י ה֖וּא צַדִּ֣יק בְּעֵינָֽיו

So these three men ceased to answer Job, because he righteous in his own eyes.

Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action. Lead predicate is 'so they rested'. Opens the chapter. Speech formula or quoted address.
Word-by-word analysis· 11 words
וַֽיִּשְׁבְּת֡וּso they restedconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3mp · שָׁבַת (H7673)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceשָׁבַת (H7673) 'so they rested'.
שְׁלֹ֤שֶׁתthreeAdj · שָׁלוֹשׁ (H7969)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שָׁלוֹשׁ (H7969) 'three'.
הָאֲנָשִׁ֣יםthe menart + N com m pl abs · אִישׁ (H376)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אִישׁ (H376) 'the men'.
הָ֭אֵלֶּהtheseart + dem. pron xcp · אֵלֶּה (H428)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֵלֶּה (H428) 'these'.
מֵעֲנ֣וֹתand answeredprep + Qal inf constr · עָנָה (H6030)Infinitive construct→ Infinitive construct: purpose, result, or complementעָנָה (H6030) 'and answered'.
אֶת(obj)obj marker · אֵת (H853)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H853) '(obj)'.
אִיּ֑וֹבJobN · אִיּוֹב (H347)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אִיּוֹב (H347) 'Job'.
כִּ֤יforconj וְ · כִּי (H3588)Particle or relational elementכִּי (H3588) 'for'.
ה֖וּאhepron 3ms · הִיא (H1931)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)הִיא (H1931) 'he'.
צַדִּ֣יקrighteousAdj · צַדִּיק (H6662)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)צַדִּיק (H6662) 'righteous'.
בְּעֵינָֽיוin his eyesprep + N com c du constr + sfx 3ms · עַיִן (H5869)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עַיִן (H5869) 'in his eyes'.
2

וַיִּ֤חַר אַ֨ף אֱלִיה֣וּא בֶן בַּרַכְאֵ֣ל הַבּוּזִי֮ מִמִּשְׁפַּ֪חַ֫ת רָ֥ם בְּ֭אִיּוֹב חָרָ֣ה אַפּ֑וֹ עַֽל צַדְּק֥וֹ נַ֝פְשׁ֗וֹ מֵאֱלֹהִֽים

Then was kindled the wrath of Elihu the son of Barachel the Buzite, of the kindred of Ram: against Job was his wrath kindled, because he justified himself rather than God.

Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action. Lead predicate is 'and it burned'.
Word-by-word analysis· 15 words
וַיִּ֤חַרand it burnedconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · חָרָה (H2734)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceחָרָה (H2734) 'and it burned'.
אַ֨ףthe anger ofparticle · אַף (H639)Particle or relational elementאַף (H639) 'the anger of'.
אֱלִיה֣וּאElihuN · אֱלִיהוּ (H453)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֱלִיהוּ (H453) 'Elihu'.
בֶןson ofN c · בֵּן (H1121)Construct chain (genitival)בֵּן (H1121) 'son of'.
בַּרַכְאֵ֣לBarachelN · בָּרַכְאֵל (H1292)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)בָּרַכְאֵל (H1292) 'Barachel'.
הַבּוּזִי֮Buziteart + N gentilic m sg abs · בּוּזִי (H940)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)בּוּזִי (H940) 'Buzite'.
מִמִּשְׁפַּ֪חַ֫תfrom the clans ofprep + N com f sg constr · מִשְׁפָּחָה (H4940)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מִשְׁפָּחָה (H4940) 'from the clans of'.
רָ֥םRam. See alsoN · רָם (H7410)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)רָם (H7410) 'Ram. See also'.
בְּ֭אִיּוֹבJobprep + N proper · אִיּוֹב (H347)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אִיּוֹב (H347) 'Job'.
חָרָ֣הhas it burnedQal perf 3ms · חָרָה (H2734)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actחָרָה (H2734) 'has it burned'.
אַפּ֑וֹhis angerN c · אַף (H639)Construct chain (genitival)אַף (H639) 'his anger'.
עַֽלonprep · עַל (H5921)Particle or relational elementעַל (H5921) 'on'.
צַדְּק֥וֹand they justifyPiel inf constr + sfx 3ms · צָדַק (H6663)Infinitive construct→ Infinitive construct: purpose, result, or complementצָדַק (H6663) 'and they justify'.
נַ֝פְשׁ֗וֹhis soulN c · נֶפֶשׁ (H5315)Construct chain (genitival)נֶפֶשׁ (H5315) 'his soul'.
מֵאֱלֹהִֽיםGodprep + N com m pl abs · אֱלֹהִים (H430)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֱלֹהִים (H430) 'God'.
3

וּבִשְׁלֹ֣שֶׁת רֵעָיו֮ חָרָ֪ה אַ֫פּ֥וֹ עַ֤ל אֲשֶׁ֣ר לֹא מָצְא֣וּ מַעֲנֶ֑ה וַ֝יַּרְשִׁ֗יעוּ אֶת אִיּֽוֹב

Also against his three friends was his wrath kindled, because they had found no answer, and had condemned Job.

Qatal — perfective or stative predication
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Qatal — perfective or stative predication. Lead predicate is 'has it burned'.
Word-by-word analysis· 12 words
וּבִשְׁלֹ֣שֶׁתthreeconj וְ + prep + Adj c · שָׁלוֹשׁ (H7969)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שָׁלוֹשׁ (H7969) 'three'.
רֵעָיו֮his neighborN c · רֵעַ (H7453)Construct chain (genitival)רֵעַ (H7453) 'his neighbor'.
חָרָ֪הhas it burnedQal perf 3ms · חָרָה (H2734)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actחָרָה (H2734) 'has it burned'.
אַ֫פּ֥וֹhis angerN c · אַף (H639)Construct chain (genitival)אַף (H639) 'his anger'.
עַ֤לonprep · עַל (H5921)Particle or relational elementעַל (H5921) 'on'.
אֲשֶׁ֣רthatrel. שֶׁ · אֲשֶׁר (H834)Particle or relational elementאֲשֶׁר (H834) 'that'.
לֹאnotneg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'not'.
מָצְא֣וּthey foundQal perf 3cp · מָצָא (H4672)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actמָצָא (H4672) 'they found'.
מַעֲנֶ֑הanswerN c · מַעֲנֶה (H4617)Construct chain (genitival)מַעֲנֶה (H4617) 'answer'.
וַ֝יַּרְשִׁ֗יעוּand they condemnconj וְ + Hiphil wayyiqtol 3mp · רָשַׁע (H7561)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceרָשַׁע (H7561) 'and they condemn'.
אֶת(obj)obj marker · אֵת (H853)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H853) '(obj)'.
אִיּֽוֹבJobN · אִיּוֹב (H347)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אִיּוֹב (H347) 'Job'.
4

וֶֽאֱלִיה֗וּ חִכָּ֣ה אֶת אִ֭יּוֹב בִּדְבָרִ֑ים כִּ֤י זְֽקֵנִים הֵ֖מָּה מִמֶּ֣נּוּ לְיָמִֽים

Now Elihu had waited till Job had spoken, because they elder than he.

Qatal — perfective or stative predication
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Qatal — perfective or stative predication.
Word-by-word analysis· 10 words
וֶֽאֱלִיה֗וּElihuconj וְ + N proper · אֱלִיהוּ (H453)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֱלִיהוּ (H453) 'Elihu'.
חִכָּ֣הandPiel perf 3ms · חָכָה (H2442)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actחָכָה (H2442) 'and'.
אֶת(obj)obj marker · אֵת (H853)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H853) '(obj)'.
אִ֭יּוֹבJobN · אִיּוֹב (H347)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אִיּוֹב (H347) 'Job'.
בִּדְבָרִ֑יםthe words ofprep + N com m pl abs · דָּבָר (H1697)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)דָּבָר (H1697) 'the words of'.
כִּ֤יforconj וְ · כִּי (H3588)Particle or relational elementכִּי (H3588) 'for'.
זְֽקֵנִיםoldAdj · זָקֵן (H2205)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)זָקֵן (H2205) 'old'.
הֵ֖מָּהtheypron 3mp · הֵמָּה (H1992)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)הֵמָּה (H1992) 'they'.
מִמֶּ֣נּוּfrom itprep + sfx 1cp · מִן (H4480)Particle or relational elementמִן (H4480) 'from it'.
לְיָמִֽיםabout the daysprep + N com m pl abs · יוֹם (H3117)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יוֹם (H3117) 'about the days'.
5

וַיַּ֤רְא אֱלִיה֗וּא כִּ֘י אֵ֤ין מַעֲנֶ֗ה בְּ֭פִי שְׁלֹ֥שֶׁת הָאֲנָשִׁ֗ים וַיִּ֥חַר אַפּֽוֹ

When Elihu saw that no answer in the mouth of three men, then his wrath was kindled.

Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action. Lead predicate is 'and he saw'.
Word-by-word analysis· 10 words
וַיַּ֤רְאand he sawconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · רָאָה (H7200)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceרָאָה (H7200) 'and he saw'.
אֱלִיה֗וּאElihuN · אֱלִיהוּ (H453)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֱלִיהוּ (H453) 'Elihu'.
כִּ֘יforconj וְ · כִּי (H3588)Particle or relational elementכִּי (H3588) 'for'.
אֵ֤יןthere is notneg. · אַיִן (H369)Particle or relational elementאַיִן (H369) 'there is not'.
מַעֲנֶ֗הanswerN c · מַעֲנֶה (H4617)Construct chain (genitival)מַעֲנֶה (H4617) 'answer'.
בְּ֭פִיin the mouth ofprep + N com m sg constr · פֶּה (H6310)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)פֶּה (H6310) 'in the mouth of'.
שְׁלֹ֥שֶׁתthreeAdj · שָׁלוֹשׁ (H7969)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שָׁלוֹשׁ (H7969) 'three'.
הָאֲנָשִׁ֗יםthe menart + N com m pl abs · אִישׁ (H376)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אִישׁ (H376) 'the men'.
וַיִּ֥חַרand it burnedconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · חָרָה (H2734)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceחָרָה (H2734) 'and it burned'.
אַפּֽוֹhis angerN c · אַף (H639)Construct chain (genitival)אַף (H639) 'his anger'.
6

וַיַּ֤עַן אֱלִיה֖וּא בֶן בַּֽרַכְאֵ֥ל הַבּוּזִ֗י וַיֹּ֫אמַ֥ר צָ֘עִ֤יר אֲנִ֣י לְ֭יָמִים וְאַתֶּ֣ם יְשִׁישִׁ֑ים עַל כֵּ֖ן זָחַ֥לְתִּי וָֽאִירָ֓א מֵחַוֺּ֖ת דֵּעִ֣י אֶתְכֶֽם

And Elihu the son of Barachel the Buzite answered and said, I young, and you very old; wherefore I was afraid, and durst not shew you mine opinion.

Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action. Lead predicate is 'and answered'. Speech formula or quoted address.
Word-by-word analysis· 18 words
וַיַּ֤עַןand answeredconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · עָנָה (H6030)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceעָנָה (H6030) 'and answered'.
אֱלִיה֖וּאElihuN · אֱלִיהוּ (H453)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֱלִיהוּ (H453) 'Elihu'.
בֶןson ofN c · בֵּן (H1121)Construct chain (genitival)בֵּן (H1121) 'son of'.
בַּֽרַכְאֵ֥לBarachelN · בָּרַכְאֵל (H1292)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)בָּרַכְאֵל (H1292) 'Barachel'.
הַבּוּזִ֗יBuziteart + N gentilic m sg abs · בּוּזִי (H940)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)בּוּזִי (H940) 'Buzite'.
וַיֹּ֫אמַ֥רand he saidconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · אָמַר (H559)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceאָמַר (H559) 'and he said'.
צָ֘עִ֤ירthe youngerAdj · צְעִירָה (H6810)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)צְעִירָה (H6810) 'the younger'.
אֲנִ֣יIpron 1cs · אֲנִי (H589)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֲנִי (H589) 'I'.
לְ֭יָמִיםabout the daysprep + N com m pl abs · יוֹם (H3117)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יוֹם (H3117) 'about the days'.
וְאַתֶּ֣םand youconj וְ + pron 2mp · אַתָּה (H859)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אַתָּה (H859) 'and you'.
יְשִׁישִׁ֑יםancientAdj · יָשִׁישׁ (H3453)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יָשִׁישׁ (H3453) 'ancient'.
עַלonprep · עַל (H5921)Particle or relational elementעַל (H5921) 'on'.
כֵּ֖ןsoadv. · כֵּן (H3651)Particle or relational elementכֵּן (H3651) 'so'.
זָחַ֥לְתִּיcreeping things ofQal perf 1cs · זָחַל (H2119)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actזָחַל (H2119) 'creeping things of'.
וָֽאִירָ֓אand I was afraidconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 1cs · יָרֵא (H3372)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceיָרֵא (H3372) 'and I was afraid'.
מֵחַוֺּ֖תfromprep + Piel inf constr · חָוָה (H2331)Infinitive construct→ Infinitive construct: purpose, result, or complementחָוָה (H2331) 'from'.
דֵּעִ֣יknowledgeN c · דֵּעַ (H1843)Construct chain (genitival)דֵּעַ (H1843) 'knowledge'.
אֶתְכֶֽםyouobj marker + sfx 2mp · אֵת (H853)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H853) 'you'.
7

אָ֭מַרְתִּי יָמִ֣ים יְדַבֵּ֑רוּ וְרֹ֥ב שָׁ֝נִ֗ים יֹדִ֥יעוּ חָכְמָֽה

I said, Days should speak, and multitude of years should teach wisdom.

Qatal — perfective or stative predicationasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Qatal — perfective or stative predication. Lead predicate is 'I said'. Speech formula or quoted address.
Word-by-word analysis· 7 words
אָ֭מַרְתִּיI saidQal perf 1cs · אָמַר (H559)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actאָמַר (H559) 'I said'.
יָמִ֣יםdaysN c · יוֹם (H3117)Construct chain (genitival)יוֹם (H3117) 'days'.
יְדַבֵּ֑רוּand he spokePiel impf 3mp · דִּבֶּר (H1696)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalדִּבֶּר (H1696) 'and he spoke'.
וְרֹ֥בand abundance ofconj וְ + N com c sg constr · רֹב (H7230)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)רֹב (H7230) 'and abundance of'.
שָׁ֝נִ֗יםyearsN c · שָׁנָה (H8141)Construct chain (genitival)שָׁנָה (H8141) 'years'.
יֹדִ֥יעוּI knowHiphil impf 3mp · יָדַע (H3045)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalיָדַע (H3045) 'I know'.
חָכְמָֽהwisdomN c · חָכְמָה (H2451)Construct chain (genitival)חָכְמָה (H2451) 'wisdom'.
8

אָ֭כֵן רֽוּחַ הִ֣יא בֶאֱנ֑וֹשׁ וְנִשְׁמַ֖ת שַׁדַּ֣י תְּבִינֵֽם

But a spirit in man: and the inspiration of the Almighty giveth them understanding.

Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-orientedasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'discerning'.
Word-by-word analysis· 7 words
אָ֭כֵןsurelyart · אָכֵן (H403)Particle or relational elementאָכֵן (H403) 'surely'.
רֽוּחַa spirit ofN c · רוּחַ (H7307)Construct chain (genitival)רוּחַ (H7307) 'a spirit of'.
הִ֣יאthat ispron 3fs · הִיא (H1931)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)הִיא (H1931) 'that is'.
בֶאֱנ֑וֹשׁfrom mankindprep + N com m sg abs · אֱנוֹשׁ (H582)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֱנוֹשׁ (H582) 'from mankind'.
וְנִשְׁמַ֖תbreathing thingconj וְ + N com f sg constr · נְשָׁמָה (H5397)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)נְשָׁמָה (H5397) 'breathing thing'.
שַׁדַּ֣יShaddaiN · שַׁדַּי (H7706)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שַׁדַּי (H7706) 'Shaddai'.
תְּבִינֵֽםdiscerningHiphil impf 3fs + sfx 3mp · בִּין (H995)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalבִּין (H995) 'discerning'.
9

לֹֽא רַבִּ֥ים יֶחְכָּ֑מוּ וּ֝זְקֵנִ֗ים יָבִ֥ינוּ מִשְׁפָּֽט

Great men are not wise: neither do the aged understand judgment.

Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-orientedasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'they were wise'.
Word-by-word analysis· 6 words
לֹֽאnotneg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'not'.
רַבִּ֥יםmanyAdj · רַב (H7227)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)רַב (H7227) 'many'.
יֶחְכָּ֑מוּthey were wiseQal impf 3mp · חָכַם (H2449)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalחָכַם (H2449) 'they were wise'.
וּ֝זְקֵנִ֗יםthe elders ofconj וְ + Adj · זָקֵן (H2205)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)זָקֵן (H2205) 'the elders of'.
יָבִ֥ינוּthey would discernQal impf 3mp · בִּין (H995)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalבִּין (H995) 'they would discern'.
מִשְׁפָּֽטjudgmentN c · מִשְׁפָּט (H4941)Construct chain (genitival)מִשְׁפָּט (H4941) 'judgment'.
10

לָכֵ֣ן אָ֭מַרְתִּי שִׁמְעָה לִּ֑י אֲחַוֶּ֖ה דֵּעִ֣י אַף אָֽנִי

Therefore I said, Hearken to me; I also will shew mine opinion.

Qatal — perfective or stative predicationasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Qatal — perfective or stative predication. Lead predicate is 'I said'. Speech formula or quoted address.
Word-by-word analysis· 8 words
לָכֵ֣ןthereforeprep + art · כֵּן (H3651)Particle or relational elementכֵּן (H3651) 'therefore'.
אָ֭מַרְתִּיI saidQal perf 1cs · אָמַר (H559)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actאָמַר (H559) 'I said'.
שִׁמְעָהhas heardQal impv 2ms + Sh · שָׁמַע (H8085)Predicate verb (imperative)→ Volitional: imperativeשָׁמַע (H8085) 'has heard'.
לִּ֑יto meprep + sfx 1csParticle or relational elementFunction word: 'to me'.
אֲחַוֶּ֖הshowPiel impf 1cs · חָוָה (H2331)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalחָוָה (H2331) 'show'.
דֵּעִ֣יknowledgeN c · דֵּעַ (H1843)Construct chain (genitival)דֵּעַ (H1843) 'knowledge'.
אַףalsoparticle · אַף (H637)Particle or relational elementאַף (H637) 'also'.
אָֽנִיIpron 1cs · אֲנִי (H589)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֲנִי (H589) 'I'.
11

הֵ֤ן הוֹחַ֨לְתִּי לְֽדִבְרֵיכֶ֗ם אָ֭זִין עַד תְּב֥וּנֹֽתֵיכֶ֑ם עַֽד תַּחְקְר֥וּן מִלִּֽין

Behold, I waited for your words; I gave ear to your reasons, whilst you searched out what to say.

Qatal — perfective or stative predicationhinneh
Presentative hinneh, putting a new scene or surprise on stage. Qatal — perfective or stative predication. Lead predicate is 'and he waited'.
Word-by-word analysis· 9 words
הֵ֤ןbeholdadv. · הֵן (H2005)Particle or relational elementהֵן (H2005) 'behold'.
הוֹחַ֨לְתִּיand he waitedHiphil perf 1cs · יָחַל (H3176)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actיָחַל (H3176) 'and he waited'.
לְֽדִבְרֵיכֶ֗םthe matter ofprep + N com m pl constr + sfx 2mp · דָּבָר (H1697)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)דָּבָר (H1697) 'the matter of'.
אָ֭זִיןgive earHiphil impf 1cs · אָזַן (H238)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalאָזַן (H238) 'give ear'.
עַדuntilprep · עַד (H5704)Particle or relational elementעַד (H5704) 'until'.
תְּב֥וּנֹֽתֵיכֶ֑םand understandingN c · תְּבוּנָה (H8394)Construct chain (genitival)תְּבוּנָה (H8394) 'and understanding'.
עַֽדuntilprep · עַד (H5704)Particle or relational elementעַד (H5704) 'until'.
תַּחְקְר֥וּןand searchQal impf 2mp + Sn · חָקַר (H2713)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalחָקַר (H2713) 'and search'.
מִלִּֽיןwith wordsN c · מִלָּה (H4405)Construct chain (genitival)מִלָּה (H4405) 'with words'.
12

וְעָֽדֵיכֶ֗ם אֶתְבּ֫וֹנָ֥ן וְהִנֵּ֤ה אֵ֣ין לְאִיּ֣וֹב מוֹכִ֑יחַ עוֹנֶ֖ה אֲמָרָ֣יו מִכֶּֽם

Yea, I attended to you, and, behold, none of you that convinced Job, that answered his words:

Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'discerning'. Speech formula or quoted address.
Word-by-word analysis· 9 words
וְעָֽדֵיכֶ֗םuntilconj וְ + prep + sfx 2mp · עַד (H5704)Particle or relational elementעַד (H5704) 'until'.
אֶתְבּ֫וֹנָ֥ןdiscerningHithpolel impf 1cs · בִּין (H995)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalבִּין (H995) 'discerning'.
וְהִנֵּ֤הand beholdconj וְ + adv. · הִנֵּה (H2009)Particle or relational elementהִנֵּה (H2009) 'and behold'.
אֵ֣יןthere is notneg. · אַיִן (H369)Particle or relational elementאַיִן (H369) 'there is not'.
לְאִיּ֣וֹבJobprep + N proper · אִיּוֹב (H347)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אִיּוֹב (H347) 'Job'.
מוֹכִ֑יחַand you are vindicatedHiphil ptc ms · יָכַח (H3198)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorיָכַח (H3198) 'and you are vindicated'.
עוֹנֶ֖הand answeredQal ptc ms · עָנָה (H6030)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorעָנָה (H6030) 'and answered'.
אֲמָרָ֣יוthe words ofN c · אֵמֶר (H561)Construct chain (genitival)אֵמֶר (H561) 'the words of'.
מִכֶּֽםof youprep + sfx 2mp · מִן (H4480)Particle or relational elementמִן (H4480) 'of you'.
13

פֶּן תֹּ֣֭אמְרוּ מָצָ֣אנוּ חָכְמָ֑ה אֵ֖ל יִדְּפֶ֣נּוּ לֹא אִֽישׁ

Lest you should say, We have found out wisdom: God thrusteth him down, not man.

Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'you say'.
Word-by-word analysis· 8 words
פֶּןlestconj וְ · פֶּן (H6435)Particle or relational elementפֶּן (H6435) 'lest'.
תֹּ֣֭אמְרוּyou sayQal impf 2mp · אָמַר (H559)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalאָמַר (H559) 'you say'.
מָצָ֣אנוּwe have foundQal perf 1cp · מָצָא (H4672)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actמָצָא (H4672) 'we have found'.
חָכְמָ֑הwisdomN c · חָכְמָה (H2451)Construct chain (genitival)חָכְמָה (H2451) 'wisdom'.
אֵ֖לGodN c · אֵל (H410)Construct chain (genitival)אֵל (H410) 'God'.
יִדְּפֶ֣נּוּdrivenQal impf 3ms + sfx 3ms · נָדַף (H5086)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalנָדַף (H5086) 'driven'.
לֹאnotneg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'not'.
אִֽישׁa manN c · אִישׁ (H376)Construct chain (genitival)אִישׁ (H376) 'a man'.
14

וְלֹא עָרַ֣ךְ אֵלַ֣י מִלִּ֑ין וּ֝בְאִמְרֵיכֶ֗ם לֹ֣א אֲשִׁיבֶֽנּוּ

Now he has not directed words against me: neither will I answer him with your speeches.

Qatal — perfective or stative predication
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Qatal — perfective or stative predication. Lead predicate is 'and he arranged'.
Word-by-word analysis· 7 words
וְלֹאand notconj וְ + neg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'and not'.
עָרַ֣ךְand he arrangedQal perf 3ms · עָרַךְ (H6186)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actעָרַךְ (H6186) 'and he arranged'.
אֵלַ֣יto meprep + sfx 1cs · אֶל (H413)Particle or relational elementאֶל (H413) 'to me'.
מִלִּ֑יןwith wordsN c · מִלָּה (H4405)Construct chain (genitival)מִלָּה (H4405) 'with words'.
וּ֝בְאִמְרֵיכֶ֗םthe words ofconj וְ + prep + N com m pl constr + sfx 2mp · אֵמֶר (H561)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֵמֶר (H561) 'the words of'.
לֹ֣אnotneg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'not'.
אֲשִׁיבֶֽנּוּwill bring him backHiphil impf 1cs + sfx 3ms · שׁוּב (H7725)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalשׁוּב (H7725) 'will bring him back'.
15

חַ֭תּוּ לֹא עָ֣נוּ ע֑וֹד הֶעְתִּ֖יקוּ מֵהֶ֣ם מִלִּֽים

They were amazed, they answered no more: they left off speaking.

Qatal — perfective or stative predicationasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Qatal — perfective or stative predication. Lead predicate is 'be dismayed'.
Word-by-word analysis· 7 words
חַ֭תּוּbe dismayedQal perf 3cp · חָתַת (H2865)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actחָתַת (H2865) 'be dismayed'.
לֹאnotneg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'not'.
עָ֣נוּsing toQal perf 3cp · עָנָה (H6030)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actעָנָה (H6030) 'sing to'.
ע֑וֹדagainart · עוֹד (H5750)Particle or relational elementעוֹד (H5750) 'again'.
הֶעְתִּ֖יקוּand he moved onHiphil perf 3cp · עָתַק (H6275)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actעָתַק (H6275) 'and he moved on'.
מֵהֶ֣םfrom themprep + sfx 3mpParticle or relational elementFunction word: 'from them'.
מִלִּֽיםwith wordsN c · מִלָּה (H4405)Construct chain (genitival)מִלָּה (H4405) 'with words'.
16

וְ֭הוֹחַלְתִּי כִּי לֹ֣א יְדַבֵּ֑רוּ כִּ֥י עָ֝מְד֗וּ לֹא עָ֥נוּ עֽוֹד

When I had waited, (for they spake not, but stood still, answered no more;)

Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'and he spoke'. Speech formula or quoted address.
Word-by-word analysis· 9 words
וְ֭הוֹחַלְתִּיand he waitedconj וְ + Hiphil q 1cs · יָחַל (H3176)Particle or relational elementיָחַל (H3176) 'and he waited'.
כִּיforconj וְ · כִּי (H3588)Particle or relational elementכִּי (H3588) 'for'.
לֹ֣אnotneg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'not'.
יְדַבֵּ֑רוּand he spokePiel impf 3mp · דִּבֶּר (H1696)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalדִּבֶּר (H1696) 'and he spoke'.
כִּ֥יforconj וְ · כִּי (H3588)Particle or relational elementכִּי (H3588) 'for'.
עָ֝מְד֗וּhis standingQal perf 3cp · עָמַד (H5975)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actעָמַד (H5975) 'his standing'.
לֹאnotneg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'not'.
עָ֥נוּsing toQal perf 3cp · עָנָה (H6030)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actעָנָה (H6030) 'sing to'.
עֽוֹדagainart · עוֹד (H5750)Particle or relational elementעוֹד (H5750) 'again'.
17

אַעֲנֶ֣ה אַף אֲנִ֣י חֶלְקִ֑י אֲחַוֶּ֖ה דֵעִ֣י אַף אָֽנִי

, I will answer also my part, I also will shew mine opinion.

Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-orientedasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'I am answered'. Speech formula or quoted address.
Word-by-word analysis· 8 words
אַעֲנֶ֣הI am answeredQal impf 1cs · עָנָה (H6030)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalעָנָה (H6030) 'I am answered'.
אַףalsoparticle · אַף (H637)Particle or relational elementאַף (H637) 'also'.
אֲנִ֣יIpron 1cs · אֲנִי (H589)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֲנִי (H589) 'I'.
חֶלְקִ֑יportionN c · חֵלֶק (H2506)Construct chain (genitival)חֵלֶק (H2506) 'portion'.
אֲחַוֶּ֖הshowPiel impf 1cs · חָוָה (H2331)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalחָוָה (H2331) 'show'.
דֵעִ֣יknowledgeN c · דֵּעַ (H1843)Construct chain (genitival)דֵּעַ (H1843) 'knowledge'.
אַףalsoparticle · אַף (H637)Particle or relational elementאַף (H637) 'also'.
אָֽנִיIpron 1cs · אֲנִי (H589)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֲנִי (H589) 'I'.
18

כִּ֭י מָלֵ֣תִי מִלִּ֑ים הֱ֝צִיקַ֗תְנִי ר֣וּחַ בִּטְנִֽי

For I am full of matter, the spirit within me constraineth me.

Qatal — perfective or stative predication
kî-clause (causal, recitative, or evidential). Qatal — perfective or stative predication. Lead predicate is 'he wholly followed'.
Word-by-word analysis· 6 words
כִּ֭יforconj וְ · כִּי (H3588)Particle or relational elementכִּי (H3588) 'for'.
מָלֵ֣תִיhe wholly followedQal perf 1cs · מָלֵא (H4390)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actמָלֵא (H4390) 'he wholly followed'.
מִלִּ֑יםwith wordsN c · מִלָּה (H4405)Construct chain (genitival)מִלָּה (H4405) 'with words'.
הֱ֝צִיקַ֗תְנִיhe will oppressHiphil perf 3fs + sfx 1cs · צוּק (H6693)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actצוּק (H6693) 'he will oppress'.
ר֣וּחַa spirit ofN c · רוּחַ (H7307)Construct chain (genitival)רוּחַ (H7307) 'a spirit of'.
בִּטְנִֽיmy bodyN c · בֶּטֶן (H990)Construct chain (genitival)בֶּטֶן (H990) 'my body'.
19

הִנֵּֽה בִטְנִ֗י כְּיַ֥יִן לֹא יִפָּתֵ֑חַ כְּאֹב֥וֹת חֲ֝דָשִׁ֗ים יִבָּקֵֽעַ

Behold, my belly as wine has no vent; it is ready to burst like new bottles.

Linked non-verbal clausehinneh
Presentative hinneh, putting a new scene or surprise on stage. Linked non-verbal clause.
Word-by-word analysis· 8 words
הִנֵּֽהbeholdadv. · הִנֵּה (H2009)Particle or relational elementהִנֵּה (H2009) 'behold'.
בִטְנִ֗יmy bodyN c · בֶּטֶן (H990)Construct chain (genitival)בֶּטֶן (H990) 'my body'.
כְּיַ֥יִןwineprep + N com m sg abs · יַיִן (H3196)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יַיִן (H3196) 'wine'.
לֹאnotneg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'not'.
יִפָּתֵ֑חַhe will openN · פָּתַח (H6605)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)פָּתַח (H6605) 'he will open'.
כְּאֹב֥וֹתthe mediumsprep + N com m pl abs · אוֹב (H178)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אוֹב (H178) 'the mediums'.
חֲ֝דָשִׁ֗יםnewAdj · חָדָשׁ (H2319)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)חָדָשׁ (H2319) 'new'.
יִבָּקֵֽעַand were dividedN · בָּקַע (H1234)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)בָּקַע (H1234) 'and were divided'.
20

אֲדַבְּרָ֥ה וְיִֽרְוַֽח לִ֑י אֶפְתַּ֖ח שְׂפָתַ֣י וְאֶֽעֱנֶֽה

I will speak, that I may be refreshed: I will open my lips and answer.

Weqatal / cohortative — sequential or volitional
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Weqatal / cohortative — sequential or volitional. Lead predicate is 'and he spoke'. Speech formula or quoted address.
Word-by-word analysis· 6 words
אֲדַבְּרָ֥הand he spokePiel cohortative 1cs · דִּבֶּר (H1696)Predicate verb (weqatal / cohortative)→ Weqatal/cohortative: sequential or volitionalדִּבֶּר (H1696) 'and he spoke'.
וְיִֽרְוַֽחandconj וְ + Qal impf 3ms · רָוַח (H7304)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalרָוַח (H7304) 'and'.
לִ֑יto meprep + sfx 1csParticle or relational elementFunction word: 'to me'.
אֶפְתַּ֖חand he openedQal impf 1cs · פָּתַח (H6605)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalפָּתַח (H6605) 'and he opened'.
שְׂפָתַ֣יthe edge ofN c · שָׂפָה (H8193)Construct chain (genitival)שָׂפָה (H8193) 'the edge of'.
וְאֶֽעֱנֶֽהand answeredconj וְ + Qal impf 1cs · עָנָה (H6030)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalעָנָה (H6030) 'and answered'.
21

אַל נָ֭א אֶשָּׂ֣א פְנֵי אִ֑ישׁ וְאֶל אָ֝דָ֗ם לֹ֣א אֲכַנֶּֽה

Let me not, I pray you, accept any man's person, neither let me give flattering titles to man.

Weqatal / cohortative — sequential or volitionalasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Weqatal / cohortative — sequential or volitional. Lead predicate is 'can I bear'.
Word-by-word analysis· 9 words
אַלdo notneg. · אַל (H408)Particle or relational elementאַל (H408) 'do not'.
נָ֭אpleaseparticle · נָא (H4994)Particle or relational elementנָא (H4994) 'please'.
אֶשָּׂ֣אcan I bearQal cohortative 1cs · נָשָׂא (H5375)Predicate verb (weqatal / cohortative)→ Weqatal/cohortative: sequential or volitionalנָשָׂא (H5375) 'can I bear'.
פְנֵיthe face ofN c · פָּנִים (H6440)Construct chain (genitival)פָּנִים (H6440) 'the face of'.
אִ֑ישׁa manN c · אִישׁ (H376)Construct chain (genitival)אִישׁ (H376) 'a man'.
וְאֶלand toconj וְ + prep · אֶל (H413)Particle or relational elementאֶל (H413) 'and to'.
אָ֝דָ֗םmanN c · אָדָם (H120)Construct chain (genitival)אָדָם (H120) 'man'.
לֹ֣אnotneg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'not'.
אֲכַנֶּֽהgive flattering titlesPiel impf 1cs · כָּנָה (H3655)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalכָּנָה (H3655) 'give flattering titles'.
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כִּ֤י לֹ֣א יָדַ֣עְתִּי אֲכַנֶּ֑ה כִּ֝מְעַ֗ט יִשָּׂאֵ֥נִי עֹשֵֽׂנִי

For I know not to give flattering titles; my maker would soon take me away.

Qatal — perfective or stative predication
kî-clause (causal, recitative, or evidential). Qatal — perfective or stative predication. Lead predicate is 'I know'. Closes the chapter.
Word-by-word analysis· 7 words
כִּ֤יforconj וְ · כִּי (H3588)Particle or relational elementכִּי (H3588) 'for'.
לֹ֣אnotneg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'not'.
יָדַ֣עְתִּיI knowQal perf 1cs · יָדַע (H3045)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actיָדַע (H3045) 'I know'.
אֲכַנֶּ֑הgive flattering titlesPiel impf 1cs · כָּנָה (H3655)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalכָּנָה (H3655) 'give flattering titles'.
כִּ֝מְעַ֗טalmostprep + N com m sg abs · מְעַט (H4592)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מְעַט (H4592) 'almost'.
יִשָּׂאֵ֥נִיlifts upQal impf 3ms + sfx 1cs · נָשָׂא (H5375)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalנָשָׂא (H5375) 'lifts up'.
עֹשֵֽׂנִיhe didQal ptc ms + sfx 1cs · עָשָׂה (H6213)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorעָשָׂה (H6213) 'he did'.