1
וַ֭יַּעַן בִּלְדַּ֥ד הַשֻּׁחִ֗י וַיֹּאמַֽר
Then answered Bildad the Shuhite, and said,
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action. Lead predicate is 'and answered'. Opens the chapter. Speech formula or quoted address.
Word-by-word analysis· 4 words
וַ֭יַּעַןand answeredconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · עָנָה (H6030)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceעָנָה (H6030) 'and answered'.
בִּלְדַּ֥דBildadN · בִּלְדַּד (H1085)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)בִּלְדַּד (H1085) 'Bildad'.
הַשֻּׁחִ֗יShuhiteart + N gentilic m sg abs · שׁוּחִי (H7747)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שׁוּחִי (H7747) 'Shuhite'.
וַיֹּאמַֽרand he saidconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · אָמַר (H559)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceאָמַר (H559) 'and he said'.
2
הַמְשֵׁ֣ל וָפַ֣חַד עִמּ֑וֹ עֹשֶׂ֥ה שָׁ֝ל֗וֹם בִּמְרוֹמָֽיו
Dominion and fear with him, he maketh peace in his high places.
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Infinitive absolute — emphasis or attendant action. Lead predicate is 'the one ruling'.
Word-by-word analysis· 6 words
הַמְשֵׁ֣לthe one rulingHiphil inf abs · מָשַׁל (H4910)Infinitive absolute→ Infinitive absolute: emphasis or attendant actionמָשַׁל (H4910) 'the one ruling'.
וָפַ֣חַדand dread,conj וְ + N com m sg abs · פַּחַד (H6343)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)פַּחַד (H6343) 'and dread,'.
עִמּ֑וֹwith himprep + sfx 3ms · עִם (H5973)Particle or relational elementעִם (H5973) 'with him'.
עֹשֶׂ֥הhe didQal ptc ms · עָשָׂה (H6213)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorעָשָׂה (H6213) 'he did'.
שָׁ֝ל֗וֹםpeaceN c · שָׁלוֹם (H7965)Construct chain (genitival)שָׁלוֹם (H7965) 'peace'.
בִּמְרוֹמָֽיוthe heights ofprep + N com m pl constr + sfx 3ms · מָרוֹם (H4791)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מָרוֹם (H4791) 'the heights of'.
3
הֲיֵ֣שׁ מִ֭סְפָּר לִגְדוּדָ֑יו וְעַל מִ֝֗י לֹא יָק֥וּם אוֹרֵֽהוּ
Is there any number of his armies? and upon whom does not his light arise?
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'shall stand'.
Word-by-word analysis· 8 words
הֲיֵ֣שׁis thereinterrog. + adv. · יֵשׁ (H3426)Particle or relational elementיֵשׁ (H3426) 'is there'.
מִ֭סְפָּרthe number ofN c · מִסְפָּר (H4557)Construct chain (genitival)מִסְפָּר (H4557) 'the number of'.
לִגְדוּדָ֑יוa troopprep + N com m pl constr + sfx 3ms · גְּדוּד (H1416)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)גְּדוּד (H1416) 'a troop'.
וְעַלand onconj וְ + prep · עַל (H5921)Particle or relational elementעַל (H5921) 'and on'.
מִ֝֗יwhointerrog. · מִי (H4310)Particle or relational elementמִי (H4310) 'who'.
לֹאnotneg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'not'.
יָק֥וּםshall standQal impf 3ms · קוּם (H6965)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalקוּם (H6965) 'shall stand'.
אוֹרֵֽהוּlightN c · אוֹר (H216)Construct chain (genitival)אוֹר (H216) 'light'.
4
וּמַה יִּצְדַּ֣ק אֱנ֣וֹשׁ עִם אֵ֑ל וּמַה יִּ֝זְכֶּ֗ה יְל֣וּד אִשָּֽׁה
How then can man be justified with God? or how can he be clean born of a woman?
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'and they justify'.
Word-by-word analysis· 9 words
וּמַהand whatconj וְ + interrog. · מָה (H4100)Particle or relational elementמָה (H4100) 'and what'.
יִּצְדַּ֣קand they justifyQal impf 3ms · צָדַק (H6663)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalצָדַק (H6663) 'and they justify'.
אֱנ֣וֹשׁfrom mankindN c · אֱנוֹשׁ (H582)Construct chain (genitival)אֱנוֹשׁ (H582) 'from mankind'.
עִםwithprep · עִם (H5973)Particle or relational elementעִם (H5973) 'with'.
אֵ֑לGodN c · אֵל (H410)Construct chain (genitival)אֵל (H410) 'God'.
וּמַהand whatconj וְ + interrog. · מָה (H4100)Particle or relational elementמָה (H4100) 'and what'.
יִּ֝זְכֶּ֗הbe (make) cleanQal impf 3ms · זָכָה (H2135)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalזָכָה (H2135) 'be (make) clean'.
יְל֣וּדand he fatheredQal ptc ms · יָלַד (H3205)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorיָלַד (H3205) 'and he fathered'.
אִשָּֽׁהa womanN c · אִשָּׁה (H802)Construct chain (genitival)אִשָּׁה (H802) 'a woman'.
5
הֵ֣ן עַד יָ֭רֵחַ וְלֹ֣א יַאֲהִ֑יל וְ֝כוֹכָבִ֗ים לֹא זַכּ֥וּ בְעֵינָֽיו
Behold even to the moon, and it shineth not; yea, the stars are not pure in his sight.
Presentative hinneh, putting a new scene or surprise on stage. Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'shine'.
Word-by-word analysis· 9 words
הֵ֣ןbeholdadv. · הֵן (H2005)Particle or relational elementהֵן (H2005) 'behold'.
עַדuntilprep · עַד (H5704)Particle or relational elementעַד (H5704) 'until'.
יָ֭רֵחַand the moonN c · יָרֵחַ (H3394)Construct chain (genitival)יָרֵחַ (H3394) 'and the moon'.
וְלֹ֣אand notconj וְ + neg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'and not'.
יַאֲהִ֑ילshineHiphil impf 3ms · אָהַל (H166)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalאָהַל (H166) 'shine'.
וְ֝כוֹכָבִ֗יםthe starsconj וְ + N com m pl abs · כּוֹכָב (H3556)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)כּוֹכָב (H3556) 'the stars'.
לֹאnotneg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'not'.
זַכּ֥וּbe (make) cleanQal perf 3cp · זָכַךְ (H2141)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actזָכַךְ (H2141) 'be (make) clean'.
בְעֵינָֽיוin his eyesprep + N com c du constr + sfx 3ms · עַיִן (H5869)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עַיִן (H5869) 'in his eyes'.
6
אַ֭ף כִּֽי אֱנ֣וֹשׁ רִמָּ֑ה וּבֶן אָ֝דָ֗ם תּוֹלֵעָֽה
How much less man, a worm? and the son of man, a worm?
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Nominal or particle frame. Closes the chapter.
Word-by-word analysis· 7 words
אַ֭ףalsoparticle · אַף (H637)Particle or relational elementאַף (H637) 'also'.
כִּֽיforconj וְ · כִּי (H3588)Particle or relational elementכִּי (H3588) 'for'.
אֱנ֣וֹשׁfrom mankindN c · אֱנוֹשׁ (H582)Construct chain (genitival)אֱנוֹשׁ (H582) 'from mankind'.
רִמָּ֑הand a wormN c · רִמָּה (H7415)Construct chain (genitival)רִמָּה (H7415) 'and a worm'.
וּבֶןand the son ofconj וְ + N com m sg constr · בֵּן (H1121)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)בֵּן (H1121) 'and the son of'.
אָ֝דָ֗םmanN c · אָדָם (H120)Construct chain (genitival)אָדָם (H120) 'man'.
תּוֹלֵעָֽהand worm ofN c · תּוֹלַעַת (H8438)Construct chain (genitival)תּוֹלַעַת (H8438) 'and worm of'.