Hebrew Text · Translation · Interlinear · Discourse Structure

The Book of Job, Chapter 15איוב 15

Each verse opens with the running Hebrew, an English translation, and a discourse note (its connective, relation, and role in the argument). Below follows the word-by-word breakdown in six tiers: gloss, case/state or parsing, syntax, semantic force, and a lexical note.

Case Nominative Genitive Dative Accusative Vocative Verb (no case) Indeclinable

Discourse notes head each verse: relation · connective · clause-flow. Indentation marks prominence — flush-left = main line of argument; indented = supporting / subordinate material.

Theme

Job 15 (35 verses in the MT) opens: Then answered Eliphaz the Temanite, and said, The middle of the chapter continues: Which wise men have told from their fathers, and have not hid : It closes: They conceive mischief, and bring forth vanity, and their belly prepareth deceit.

Translation & textual notes

The Hebrew base text here follows the Masoretic Text in the Leningrad tradition as represented by the Westminster Leningrad Codex / MorphHB diplomatic stream imported from OSHB; distinctively copyrighted apparatus from BHS or BHQ is not reproduced. Job 15 comprises 35 verses in MT order. Movement I (vv. 1-7) — Then answered Eliphaz the Temanite, and said. Then answered Eliphaz the Temanite, and said, Should a wise man utter vain knowledge, and fill his belly with the east wind? Should he reason with unprofitable talk? or with speeches wherewith he can do no good? Yea, you castest off fear, and restrainest prayer before God. For your mouth uttereth your iniquity, and you choosest the tongue of the crafty.. Movement II (vv. 8-14) — Hast you heard the secret of God? and dost you restrain wisdom to thysel. Hast you heard the secret of God? and dost you restrain wisdom to thyself? What knowest you, that we know not? understandest you, which not in us? With us both the grayheaded and very aged men, much elder than your father. the consolations of God small with you? is there any secret thing with you? Why does your heart carry you away? and what do your eyes. Movement III (vv. 15-21) — Behold, he putteth no trust in his saints; yea, the heavens are not clea. Behold, he putteth no trust in his saints; yea, the heavens are not clean in his sight. How much more abominable and filthy man, which drinketh iniquity like water? I will shew you, hear me; and that I have seen I will declare; Which wise men have told from their fathers, and have not hid : To whom alone the earth was given, and no stranger passed among. Movement IV (vv. 22-28) — He believeth not that he shall return out of darkness, and he is waited. He believeth not that he shall return out of darkness, and he is waited for of the sword. He wandereth abroad for bread, , Where ? he knoweth that the day of darkness is ready at his hand. Trouble and anguish shall make him afraid; they shall prevail against him, as a king ready to the battle. For he stretcheth out his hand against God, and strengtheneth. Movement V (vv. 29-35) — He shall not be rich, neither shall his substance continue, neither shal. He shall not be rich, neither shall his substance continue, neither shall he prolong the perfection thereof upon the earth. He shall not depart out of darkness; the flame shall dry up his branches, and by the breath of his mouth shall he go away. Let not him that is deceived trust in vanity: for vanity shall be his recompence. It shall be accomplished. Where English printed Bibles divide verses differently, this annotation follows MT versification throughout.

1

וַ֭יַּעַן אֱלִיפַ֥ז הַֽתֵּימָנִ֗י וַיֹּאמַֽר

Then answered Eliphaz the Temanite, and said,

Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action. Lead predicate is 'and answered'. Opens the chapter. Speech formula or quoted address.
Word-by-word analysis· 4 words
וַ֭יַּעַןand answeredconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · עָנָה (H6030)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceעָנָה (H6030) 'and answered'.
אֱלִיפַ֥זEliphazN · אֱלִיפַז (H464)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֱלִיפַז (H464) 'Eliphaz'.
הַֽתֵּימָנִ֗יthe Temaniteart + N gentilic m sg abs · תֵּימָנִי (H8489)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)תֵּימָנִי (H8489) 'the Temanite'.
וַיֹּאמַֽרand he saidconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · אָמַר (H559)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceאָמַר (H559) 'and he said'.
2

הֶֽחָכָ֗ם יַעֲנֶ֥ה דַֽעַת ר֑וּחַ וִֽימַלֵּ֖א קָדִ֣ים בִּטְנֽוֹ

Should a wise man utter vain knowledge, and fill his belly with the east wind?

Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-orientedasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'will answer'.
Word-by-word analysis· 7 words
הֶֽחָכָ֗םwise [of]interrog. + Adj · חָכָם (H2450)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)חָכָם (H2450) 'wise [of]'.
יַעֲנֶ֥הwill answerQal impf 3ms · עָנָה (H6030)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalעָנָה (H6030) 'will answer'.
דַֽעַתknowledgeN c · דַּעַת (H1847)Construct chain (genitival)דַּעַת (H1847) 'knowledge'.
ר֑וּחַa spirit ofN c · רוּחַ (H7307)Construct chain (genitival)רוּחַ (H7307) 'a spirit of'.
וִֽימַלֵּ֖אand he filledconj וְ + Piel impf 3ms · מָלֵא (H4390)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalמָלֵא (H4390) 'and he filled'.
קָדִ֣יםeastN c · קָדִים (H6921)Construct chain (genitival)קָדִים (H6921) 'east'.
בִּטְנֽוֹyour wombN c · בֶּטֶן (H990)Construct chain (genitival)בֶּטֶן (H990) 'your womb'.
3

הוֹכֵ֣חַ בְּ֭דָבָר לֹ֣א יִסְכּ֑וֹן וּ֝מִלִּ֗ים לֹא יוֹעִ֥יל בָּֽם

Should he reason with unprofitable talk? or with speeches wherewith he can do no good?

Infinitive absolute — emphasis or attendant actionasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Infinitive absolute — emphasis or attendant action. Lead predicate is 'surely'.
Word-by-word analysis· 8 words
הוֹכֵ֣חַsurelyHiphil inf abs · יָכַח (H3198)Infinitive absolute→ Infinitive absolute: emphasis or attendant actionיָכַח (H3198) 'surely'.
בְּ֭דָבָרabout the matterprep + N com m sg abs · דָּבָר (H1697)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)דָּבָר (H1697) 'about the matter'.
לֹ֣אnotneg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'not'.
יִסְכּ֑וֹןhave I everQal impf 3ms · סָכַן (H5532)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalסָכַן (H5532) 'have I ever'.
וּ֝מִלִּ֗יםwith wordsconj וְ + N com f pl abs · מִלָּה (H4405)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מִלָּה (H4405) 'with words'.
לֹאnotneg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'not'.
יוֹעִ֥ילat allHiphil impf 3ms · יָעַל (H3276)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalיָעַל (H3276) 'at all'.
בָּֽםagainst themprep + sfx 3mpParticle or relational elementFunction word: 'against them'.
4

אַף אַ֭תָּה תָּפֵ֣ר יִרְאָ֑ה וְתִגְרַ֥ע שִׂ֝יחָ֗ה לִפְנֵי אֵֽל

Yea, you castest off fear, and restrainest prayer before God.

Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-orientedasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'he has broken'.
Word-by-word analysis· 8 words
אַףalsoparticle · אַף (H637)Particle or relational elementאַף (H637) 'also'.
אַ֭תָּהyoupron 2ms · אַתָּה (H859)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אַתָּה (H859) 'you'.
תָּפֵ֣רhe has brokenHiphil impf 2ms · פָּרַר (H6565)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalפָּרַר (H6565) 'he has broken'.
יִרְאָ֑הfear ofN c · יִרְאָה (H3374)Construct chain (genitival)יִרְאָה (H3374) 'fear of'.
וְתִגְרַ֥עyou shall diminishconj וְ + Qal impf 2ms · גָּרַע (H1639)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalגָּרַע (H1639) 'you shall diminish'.
שִׂ֝יחָ֗הmeditationN c · שִׂיחָה (H7881)Construct chain (genitival)שִׂיחָה (H7881) 'meditation'.
לִפְנֵיbeforeprep + N com c pl constr · פָּנִים (H6440)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)פָּנִים (H6440) 'before'.
אֵֽלGodN c · אֵל (H410)Construct chain (genitival)אֵל (H410) 'God'.
5

כִּ֤י יְאַלֵּ֣ף עֲוֺנְךָ֣ פִ֑יךָ וְ֝תִבְחַ֗ר לְשׁ֣וֹן עֲרוּמִֽים

For your mouth uttereth your iniquity, and you choosest the tongue of the crafty.

Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented
kî-clause (causal, recitative, or evidential). Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'learn'.
Word-by-word analysis· 7 words
כִּ֤יforconj וְ · כִּי (H3588)Particle or relational elementכִּי (H3588) 'for'.
יְאַלֵּ֣ףlearnPiel impf 3ms · אָלַף (H502)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalאָלַף (H502) 'learn'.
עֲוֺנְךָ֣the iniquity ofN c · עָוֹן (H5771)Construct chain (genitival)עָוֹן (H5771) 'the iniquity of'.
פִ֑יךָyour mouthN c · פֶּה (H6310)Construct chain (genitival)פֶּה (H6310) 'your mouth'.
וְ֝תִבְחַ֗רhe will chooseconj וְ + Qal impf 2ms · בָּחַר (H977)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalבָּחַר (H977) 'he will choose'.
לְשׁ֣וֹןtongueN c · לָשׁוֹן (H3956)Construct chain (genitival)לָשׁוֹן (H3956) 'tongue'.
עֲרוּמִֽיםcraftyAdj · עָרוּם (H6175)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עָרוּם (H6175) 'crafty'.
6

יַרְשִֽׁיעֲךָ֣ פִ֣יךָ וְלֹא אָ֑נִי וּ֝שְׂפָתֶ֗יךָ יַעֲנוּ בָֽךְ

Your own mouth condemneth you, and not I: yea, your own lips testify against you.

Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'and they condemn'. Speech formula or quoted address.
Word-by-word analysis· 7 words
יַרְשִֽׁיעֲךָ֣and they condemnHiphil impf 3ms + sfx 2ms · רָשַׁע (H7561)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalרָשַׁע (H7561) 'and they condemn'.
פִ֣יךָyour mouthN c · פֶּה (H6310)Construct chain (genitival)פֶּה (H6310) 'your mouth'.
וְלֹאand notconj וְ + neg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'and not'.
אָ֑נִיIpron 1cs · אֲנִי (H589)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֲנִי (H589) 'I'.
וּ֝שְׂפָתֶ֗יךָthe edge ofconj וְ + N com f du constr + sfx 2ms · שָׂפָה (H8193)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שָׂפָה (H8193) 'the edge of'.
יַעֲנוּand answeredQal impf 3mp · עָנָה (H6030)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalעָנָה (H6030) 'and answered'.
בָֽךְamong youprep + sfx 2fsParticle or relational elementFunction word: 'among you'.
7

הֲרִאישׁ֣וֹן אָ֭דָם תִּוָּלֵ֑ד וְלִפְנֵ֖י גְבָע֣וֹת חוֹלָֽלְתָּ

you the first man was born? or wast you made before the hills?

Qatal — perfective or stative predicationasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Qatal — perfective or stative predication. Lead predicate is 'and be in anguish'.
Word-by-word analysis· 6 words
הֲרִאישׁ֣וֹןthe firstinterrog. + Adj · רִאשׁוֹן (H7223)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)רִאשׁוֹן (H7223) 'the first'.
אָ֭דָםmanN c · אָדָם (H120)Construct chain (genitival)אָדָם (H120) 'man'.
תִּוָּלֵ֑דand he fatheredN · יָלַד (H3205)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יָלַד (H3205) 'and he fathered'.
וְלִפְנֵ֖יand beforeconj וְ + prep + N com c pl constr · פָּנִים (H6440)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)פָּנִים (H6440) 'and before'.
גְבָע֣וֹתthe hills ofN c · גִּבְעָה (H1389)Construct chain (genitival)גִּבְעָה (H1389) 'the hills of'.
חוֹלָֽלְתָּand be in anguishPolal perf 2ms · חוּל (H2342)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actחוּל (H2342) 'and be in anguish'.
8

הַבְס֣וֹד אֱל֣וֹהַ תִּשְׁמָ֑ע וְתִגְרַ֖ע אֵלֶ֣יךָ חָכְמָֽה

Hast you heard the secret of God? and dost you restrain wisdom to thyself?

Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-orientedasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'you listen'.
Word-by-word analysis· 6 words
הַבְס֣וֹדin their councilinterrog. + prep + N com m sg constr · סוֹד (H5475)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)סוֹד (H5475) 'in their council'.
אֱל֣וֹהַGodN c · אֱלוֹהַּ (H433)Construct chain (genitival)אֱלוֹהַּ (H433) 'God'.
תִּשְׁמָ֑עyou listenQal impf 2ms · שָׁמַע (H8085)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalשָׁמַע (H8085) 'you listen'.
וְתִגְרַ֖עyou shall diminishconj וְ + Qal impf 2ms · גָּרַע (H1639)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalגָּרַע (H1639) 'you shall diminish'.
אֵלֶ֣יךָto youprep + sfx 2ms · אֶל (H413)Particle or relational elementאֶל (H413) 'to you'.
חָכְמָֽהwisdomN c · חָכְמָה (H2451)Construct chain (genitival)חָכְמָה (H2451) 'wisdom'.
9

מַה יָּ֭דַעְתָּ וְלֹ֣א נֵדָ֑ע תָּ֝בִ֗ין וְֽלֹא עִמָּ֥נוּ הֽוּא

What knowest you, that we know not? understandest you, which not in us?

Qatal — perfective or stative predicationasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Qatal — perfective or stative predication. Lead predicate is 'you know'.
Word-by-word analysis· 8 words
מַהwhatinterrog. · מָה (H4100)Particle or relational elementמָה (H4100) 'what'.
יָּ֭דַעְתָּyou knowQal perf 2ms · יָדַע (H3045)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actיָדַע (H3045) 'you know'.
וְלֹ֣אand notconj וְ + neg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'and not'.
נֵדָ֑עshall we knowQal impf 1cp · יָדַע (H3045)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalיָדַע (H3045) 'shall we know'.
תָּ֝בִ֗יןdiscerningQal impf 2ms · בִּין (H995)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalבִּין (H995) 'discerning'.
וְֽלֹאand notconj וְ + neg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'and not'.
עִמָּ֥נוּwith usprep + sfx 1cp · עִם (H5973)Particle or relational elementעִם (H5973) 'with us'.
הֽוּאhepron 3ms · הִיא (H1931)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)הִיא (H1931) 'he'.
10

גַּם שָׂ֣ב גַּם יָשִׁ֣ישׁ בָּ֑נוּ כַּבִּ֖יר מֵאָבִ֣יךָ יָמִֽים

With us both the grayheaded and very aged men, much elder than your father.

Participle — attendant circumstance or substantival actorasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Participle — attendant circumstance or substantival actor.
Word-by-word analysis· 8 words
גַּםalsoparticle · גַּם (H1571)Particle or relational elementגַּם (H1571) 'also'.
שָׂ֣בandQal ptc ms · שִׂיב (H7867)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorשִׂיב (H7867) 'and'.
גַּםalsoparticle · גַּם (H1571)Particle or relational elementגַּם (H1571) 'also'.
יָשִׁ֣ישׁancientAdj · יָשִׁישׁ (H3453)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יָשִׁישׁ (H3453) 'ancient'.
בָּ֑נוּagainst usprep + sfx 1cpParticle or relational elementFunction word: 'against us'.
כַּבִּ֖ירfeebleAdj · כַּבִּיר (H3524)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)כַּבִּיר (H3524) 'feeble'.
מֵאָבִ֣יךָhis fatherprep + N com m sg constr + sfx 2ms · אָב (H1)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אָב (H1) 'his father'.
יָמִֽיםdaysN c · יוֹם (H3117)Construct chain (genitival)יוֹם (H3117) 'days'.
11

הַמְעַ֣ט מִ֭מְּךָ תַּנְחֻמ֣וֹת אֵ֑ל וְ֝דָבָ֗ר לָאַ֥ט עִמָּֽךְ

the consolations of God small with you? is there any secret thing with you?

Nominal or particle frameasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Nominal or particle frame.
Word-by-word analysis· 7 words
הַמְעַ֣טis it a small thinginterrog. + N com m sg abs · מְעַט (H4592)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מְעַט (H4592) 'is it a small thing'.
מִ֭מְּךָfrom youprep + sfx 2ms · מִן (H4480)Particle or relational elementמִן (H4480) 'from you'.
תַּנְחֻמ֣וֹתcomfortN c · תַּנְחוּם (H8575)Construct chain (genitival)תַּנְחוּם (H8575) 'comfort'.
אֵ֑לGodN c · אֵל (H410)Construct chain (genitival)אֵל (H410) 'God'.
וְ֝דָבָ֗רand the word ofconj וְ + N com m sg abs · דָּבָר (H1697)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)דָּבָר (H1697) 'and the word of'.
לָאַ֥טat my own paceprep + art · אֵט (H328)Particle or relational elementאֵט (H328) 'at my own pace'.
עִמָּֽךְwith youprep + sfx 2fs · עִם (H5973)Particle or relational elementעִם (H5973) 'with you'.
12

מַה יִּקָּחֲךָ֥ לִבֶּ֑ךָ וּֽמַה יִּרְזְמ֥וּן עֵינֶֽיךָ

Why does your heart carry you away? and what do your eyes wink at,

Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-orientedasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'he will take you'.
Word-by-word analysis· 6 words
מַהwhatinterrog. · מָה (H4100)Particle or relational elementמָה (H4100) 'what'.
יִּקָּחֲךָ֥he will take youQal impf 3ms + sfx 2ms · לָקַח (H3947)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalלָקַח (H3947) 'he will take you'.
לִבֶּ֑ךָyour heartN c · לֵב (H3820)Construct chain (genitival)לֵב (H3820) 'your heart'.
וּֽמַהand whatconj וְ + interrog. · מָה (H4100)Particle or relational elementמָה (H4100) 'and what'.
יִּרְזְמ֥וּןwinkQal impf 3mp + Sn · רָזַם (H7335)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalרָזַם (H7335) 'wink'.
עֵינֶֽיךָyour eyesN c · עַיִן (H5869)Construct chain (genitival)עַיִן (H5869) 'your eyes'.
13

כִּֽי תָשִׁ֣יב אֶל אֵ֣ל רוּחֶ֑ךָ וְהֹצֵ֖אתָ מִפִּ֣יךָ מִלִּֽין

That you turnest your spirit against God, and lettest words go out of your mouth?

Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented
kî-clause (causal, recitative, or evidential). Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'you shall return'.
Word-by-word analysis· 8 words
כִּֽיforconj וְ · כִּי (H3588)Particle or relational elementכִּי (H3588) 'for'.
תָשִׁ֣יבyou shall returnHiphil impf 2ms · שׁוּב (H7725)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalשׁוּב (H7725) 'you shall return'.
אֶלtoprep · אֶל (H413)Particle or relational elementאֶל (H413) 'to'.
אֵ֣לGodN c · אֵל (H410)Construct chain (genitival)אֵל (H410) 'God'.
רוּחֶ֑ךָa spirit ofN c · רוּחַ (H7307)Construct chain (genitival)רוּחַ (H7307) 'a spirit of'.
וְהֹצֵ֖אתָand he went outconj וְ + Hiphil q 2ms · יָצָא (H3318)Particle or relational elementיָצָא (H3318) 'and he went out'.
מִפִּ֣יךָfrom your mouthprep + N com m sg constr + sfx 2ms · פֶּה (H6310)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)פֶּה (H6310) 'from your mouth'.
מִלִּֽיןwith wordsN c · מִלָּה (H4405)Construct chain (genitival)מִלָּה (H4405) 'with words'.
14

מָֽה אֱנ֥וֹשׁ כִּֽי יִזְכֶּ֑ה וְכִֽי יִ֝צְדַּ֗ק יְל֣וּד אִשָּֽׁה

What man, that he should be clean? and born of a woman, that he should be righteous?

Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-orientedasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'be (make) clean'.
Word-by-word analysis· 8 words
מָֽהwhatinterrog. · מָה (H4100)Particle or relational elementמָה (H4100) 'what'.
אֱנ֥וֹשׁfrom mankindN c · אֱנוֹשׁ (H582)Construct chain (genitival)אֱנוֹשׁ (H582) 'from mankind'.
כִּֽיforconj וְ · כִּי (H3588)Particle or relational elementכִּי (H3588) 'for'.
יִזְכֶּ֑הbe (make) cleanQal impf 3ms · זָכָה (H2135)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalזָכָה (H2135) 'be (make) clean'.
וְכִֽיand ifconj וְ + conj וְ · כִּי (H3588)Particle or relational elementכִּי (H3588) 'and if'.
יִ֝צְדַּ֗קand they justifyQal impf 3ms · צָדַק (H6663)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalצָדַק (H6663) 'and they justify'.
יְל֣וּדand he fatheredQal ptc ms · יָלַד (H3205)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorיָלַד (H3205) 'and he fathered'.
אִשָּֽׁהa womanN c · אִשָּׁה (H802)Construct chain (genitival)אִשָּׁה (H802) 'a woman'.
15

הֵ֣ן בקדשו בִּ֭קְדֹשָׁיו לֹ֣א יַאֲמִ֑ין וְ֝שָׁמַ֗יִם לֹא זַכּ֥וּ בְעֵינָֽיו

Behold, he putteth no trust in his saints; yea, the heavens are not clean in his sight.

Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-orientedhinneh
Presentative hinneh, putting a new scene or surprise on stage. Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'faithful'.
Word-by-word analysis· 9 words
הֵ֣ןbeholdadv. · הֵן (H2005)Particle or relational elementהֵן (H2005) 'behold'.
בקדשוholyprep + Adj + sfx 3ms · קָדוֹשׁ (H6918)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)קָדוֹשׁ (H6918) 'holy'.
בִּ֭קְדֹשָׁיוholyprep + Adj + sfx 3ms · קָדוֹשׁ (H6918)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)קָדוֹשׁ (H6918) 'holy'.
לֹ֣אnotneg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'not'.
יַאֲמִ֑יןfaithfulHiphil impf 3ms · אָמַן (H539)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalאָמַן (H539) 'faithful'.
וְ֝שָׁמַ֗יִםand heavensconj וְ + N com m pl abs · שָׁמַיִם (H8064)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שָׁמַיִם (H8064) 'and heavens'.
לֹאnotneg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'not'.
זַכּ֥וּbe (make) cleanQal perf 3cp · זָכַךְ (H2141)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actזָכַךְ (H2141) 'be (make) clean'.
בְעֵינָֽיוin his eyesprep + N com c du constr + sfx 3ms · עַיִן (H5869)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עַיִן (H5869) 'in his eyes'.
16

אַ֭ף כִּֽי נִתְעָ֥ב וְֽנֶאֱלָ֑ח אִישׁ שֹׁתֶ֖ה כַמַּ֣יִם עַוְלָֽה

How much more abominable and filthy man, which drinketh iniquity like water?

Participle — attendant circumstance or substantival actorasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Participle — attendant circumstance or substantival actor.
Word-by-word analysis· 8 words
אַ֭ףalsoparticle · אַף (H637)Particle or relational elementאַף (H637) 'also'.
כִּֽיforconj וְ · כִּי (H3588)Particle or relational elementכִּי (H3588) 'for'.
נִתְעָ֥בyou shall abhorN · תָּעַב (H8581)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)תָּעַב (H8581) 'you shall abhor'.
וְֽנֶאֱלָ֑חandconj וְ + Niphal ptc ms · אָלַח (H444)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorאָלַח (H444) 'and'.
אִישׁa manN c · אִישׁ (H376)Construct chain (genitival)אִישׁ (H376) 'a man'.
שֹׁתֶ֖הdrinkQal ptc ms · שָׁתָה (H8354)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorשָׁתָה (H8354) 'drink'.
כַמַּ֣יִםlike waterprep + art + N com m pl abs · מַיִם (H4325)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מַיִם (H4325) 'like water'.
עַוְלָֽהinjusticeN c · עָוֶל (H5766)Construct chain (genitival)עָוֶל (H5766) 'injustice'.
17

אֲחַוְךָ֥ שְֽׁמַֽע לִ֑י וְזֶֽה חָ֝זִ֗יתִי וַאֲסַפֵּֽרָה

I will shew you, hear me; and that I have seen I will declare;

Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-orientedasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'show'.
Word-by-word analysis· 6 words
אֲחַוְךָ֥showPiel impf 1cs + sfx 2ms · חָוָה (H2331)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalחָוָה (H2331) 'show'.
שְֽׁמַֽעlistenQal impv 2ms · שָׁמַע (H8085)Predicate verb (imperative)→ Volitional: imperativeשָׁמַע (H8085) 'listen'.
לִ֑יto meprep + sfx 1csParticle or relational elementFunction word: 'to me'.
וְזֶֽהand thisconj וְ + dem. pron xms · זֶה (H2088)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)זֶה (H2088) 'and this'.
חָ֝זִ֗יתִיhe sees/beholdsQal perf 1cs · חָזָה (H2372)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actחָזָה (H2372) 'he sees/beholds'.
וַאֲסַפֵּֽרָהand he recountedconj וְ + Piel cohortative 1cs · סָפַר (H5608)Predicate verb (weqatal / cohortative)→ Weqatal/cohortative: sequential or volitionalסָפַר (H5608) 'and he recounted'.
18

אֲשֶׁר חֲכָמִ֥ים יַגִּ֑ידוּ וְלֹ֥א כִֽ֝חֲד֗וּ מֵאֲבוֹתָֽם

Which wise men have told from their fathers, and have not hid :

Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-orientedasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'they will declare'.
Word-by-word analysis· 6 words
אֲשֶׁרthatrel. שֶׁ · אֲשֶׁר (H834)Particle or relational elementאֲשֶׁר (H834) 'that'.
חֲכָמִ֥יםwiseAdj · חָכָם (H2450)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)חָכָם (H2450) 'wise'.
יַגִּ֑ידוּthey will declareHiphil impf 3mp · נָגַד (H5046)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalנָגַד (H5046) 'they will declare'.
וְלֹ֥אand notconj וְ + neg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'and not'.
כִֽ֝חֲד֗וּhidePiel perf 3cp · כָּחַד (H3582)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actכָּחַד (H3582) 'hide'.
מֵאֲבוֹתָֽםthan their fathersprep + N com m pl constr + sfx 3mp · אָב (H1)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אָב (H1) 'than their fathers'.
19

לָהֶ֣ם לְ֭בַדָּם נִתְּנָ֣ה הָאָ֑רֶץ וְלֹא עָ֖בַר זָ֣ר בְּתוֹכָֽם

To whom alone the earth was given, and no stranger passed among them.

Qatal — perfective or stative predicationasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Qatal — perfective or stative predication. Lead predicate is 'is crossing'.
Word-by-word analysis· 8 words
לָהֶ֣םto themprep + sfx 3mpParticle or relational elementFunction word: 'to them'.
לְ֭בַדָּםby themselvesprep + N com m sg constr + sfx 3mp · בַּד (H905)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)בַּד (H905) 'by themselves'.
נִתְּנָ֣הgaveN · נָתַן (H5414)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)נָתַן (H5414) 'gave'.
הָאָ֑רֶץthe landart + N com c sg abs · אֶרֶץ (H776)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֶרֶץ (H776) 'the land'.
וְלֹאand notconj וְ + neg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'and not'.
עָ֖בַרis crossingQal perf 3ms · עָבַר (H5674)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actעָבַר (H5674) 'is crossing'.
זָ֣רan outsiderAdj · זָר (H2114)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)זָר (H2114) 'an outsider'.
בְּתוֹכָֽםamong themprep + N com m sg constr + sfx 3mp · תָּוֶךְ (H8432)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)תָּוֶךְ (H8432) 'among them'.
20

כָּל יְמֵ֣י רָ֭שָׁע ה֣וּא מִתְחוֹלֵ֑ל וּמִסְפַּ֥ר שָׁ֝נִ֗ים נִצְפְּנ֥וּ לֶעָרִֽיץ

The wicked man travaileth with pain all days, and the number of years is hidden to the oppressor.

Participle — attendant circumstance or substantival actorasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Participle — attendant circumstance or substantival actor. Lead predicate is 'and be in anguish'.
Word-by-word analysis· 9 words
כָּלallN c · כֹּל (H3605)Construct chain (genitival)כֹּל (H3605) 'all'.
יְמֵ֣יthe days ofN c · יוֹם (H3117)Construct chain (genitival)יוֹם (H3117) 'the days of'.
רָ֭שָׁעthe wickedAdj · רָשָׁע (H7563)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)רָשָׁע (H7563) 'the wicked'.
ה֣וּאhepron 3ms · הִיא (H1931)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)הִיא (H1931) 'he'.
מִתְחוֹלֵ֑לand be in anguishHithpolel ptc ms · חוּל (H2342)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorחוּל (H2342) 'and be in anguish'.
וּמִסְפַּ֥רor the number ofconj וְ + N com m sg constr · מִסְפָּר (H4557)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מִסְפָּר (H4557) 'or the number of'.
שָׁ֝נִ֗יםyearsN c · שָׁנָה (H8141)Construct chain (genitival)שָׁנָה (H8141) 'years'.
נִצְפְּנ֥וּand she hid himN · צָפַן (H6845)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)צָפַן (H6845) 'and she hid him'.
לֶעָרִֽיץmightyprep + art + Adj · עָרִיץ (H6184)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עָרִיץ (H6184) 'mighty'.
21

קוֹל פְּחָדִ֥ים בְּאָזְנָ֑יו בַּ֝שָּׁל֗וֹם שׁוֹדֵ֥ד יְבוֹאֶֽנּוּ

A dreadful sound in his ears: in prosperity the destroyer shall come upon him.

Participle — attendant circumstance or substantival actorasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Participle — attendant circumstance or substantival actor. Lead predicate is 'ruined'.
Word-by-word analysis· 6 words
קוֹלthe sound ofN c · קוֹל (H6963)Construct chain (genitival)קוֹל (H6963) 'the sound of'.
פְּחָדִ֥יםthe dread of youN c · פַּחַד (H6343)Construct chain (genitival)פַּחַד (H6343) 'the dread of you'.
בְּאָזְנָ֑יוin the ears ofprep + N com f du constr + sfx 3ms · אֹזֶן (H241)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֹזֶן (H241) 'in the ears of'.
בַּ֝שָּׁל֗וֹםin peaceprep + art + N com m sg abs · שָׁלוֹם (H7965)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שָׁלוֹם (H7965) 'in peace'.
שׁוֹדֵ֥דruinedQal ptc ms · שָׁדַד (H7703)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorשָׁדַד (H7703) 'ruined'.
יְבוֹאֶֽנּוּand they cameQal impf 3ms + sfx 3ms · בּוֹא (H935)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalבּוֹא (H935) 'and they came'.
22

לֹא יַאֲמִ֣ין שׁ֭וּב מִנִּי חֹ֑שֶׁךְ וצפו וְצָפ֖וּי ה֣וּא אֱלֵי חָֽרֶב

He believeth not that he shall return out of darkness, and he is waited for of the sword.

Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-orientedasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'faithful'.
Word-by-word analysis· 10 words
לֹאnotneg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'not'.
יַאֲמִ֣יןfaithfulHiphil impf 3ms · אָמַן (H539)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalאָמַן (H539) 'faithful'.
שׁ֭וּבreturnQal inf constr · שׁוּב (H7725)Infinitive construct→ Infinitive construct: purpose, result, or complementשׁוּב (H7725) 'return'.
מִנִּיfromprep · מִן (H4480)Particle or relational elementמִן (H4480) 'from'.
חֹ֑שֶׁךְdarknessN c · חֹשֶׁךְ (H2822)Construct chain (genitival)חֹשֶׁךְ (H2822) 'darkness'.
וצפוmay watchconj וְ + Qal ptc ms · צָפָה (H6822)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorצָפָה (H6822) 'may watch'.
וְצָפ֖וּיmay watchconj וְ + Qal ptc ms · צָפָה (H6822)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorצָפָה (H6822) 'may watch'.
ה֣וּאhepron 3ms · הִיא (H1931)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)הִיא (H1931) 'he'.
אֱלֵיto meprep · אֶל (H413)Particle or relational elementאֶל (H413) 'to me'.
חָֽרֶבthe swordN c · חֶרֶב (H2719)Construct chain (genitival)חֶרֶב (H2719) 'the sword'.
23

נֹ֘דֵ֤ד ה֣וּא לַלֶּ֣חֶם אַיֵּ֑ה יָדַ֓ע כִּֽי נָכ֖וֹן בְּיָד֣וֹ יֽוֹם חֹֽשֶׁךְ

He wandereth abroad for bread, , Where ? he knoweth that the day of darkness is ready at his hand.

Participle — attendant circumstance or substantival actor
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Participle — attendant circumstance or substantival actor. Lead predicate is 'and fled'.
Word-by-word analysis· 10 words
נֹ֘דֵ֤דand fledQal ptc ms · נָדַד (H5074)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorנָדַד (H5074) 'and fled'.
ה֣וּאhepron 3ms · הִיא (H1931)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)הִיא (H1931) 'he'.
לַלֶּ֣חֶםfor breadprep + art + N com c sg abs · לֶחֶם (H3899)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)לֶחֶם (H3899) 'for bread'.
אַיֵּ֑הwhereinterrog. · אַיֵּה (H346)Particle or relational elementאַיֵּה (H346) 'where'.
יָדַ֓עhe knewQal perf 3ms · יָדַע (H3045)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actיָדַע (H3045) 'he knew'.
כִּֽיforconj וְ · כִּי (H3588)Particle or relational elementכִּי (H3588) 'for'.
נָכ֖וֹןconfirmedN · כּוּן (H3559)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)כּוּן (H3559) 'confirmed'.
בְּיָד֣וֹin his handprep + N com c sg constr + sfx 3ms · יָד (H3027)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יָד (H3027) 'in his hand'.
יֽוֹםdayN c · יוֹם (H3117)Construct chain (genitival)יוֹם (H3117) 'day'.
חֹֽשֶׁךְdarknessN c · חֹשֶׁךְ (H2822)Construct chain (genitival)חֹשֶׁךְ (H2822) 'darkness'.
24

יְֽ֭בַעֲתֻהוּ צַ֣ר וּמְצוּקָ֑ה תִּ֝תְקְפֵ֗הוּ כְּמֶ֤לֶךְ עָתִ֬יד לַכִּידֽוֹר

Trouble and anguish shall make him afraid; they shall prevail against him, as a king ready to the battle.

Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented.
Word-by-word analysis· 7 words
יְֽ֭בַעֲתֻהוּandPiel impf 3mp + sfx 3ms · בָּעַת (H1204)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalבָּעַת (H1204) 'and'.
צַ֣רnarrowAdj · צַר (H6862)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)צַר (H6862) 'narrow'.
וּמְצוּקָ֑הandconj וְ + N com f sg abs · מְצוּקָה (H4691)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מְצוּקָה (H4691) 'and'.
תִּ֝תְקְפֵ֗הוּprevailQal impf 3fs + sfx 3ms · תָּקַף (H8630)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalתָּקַף (H8630) 'prevail'.
כְּמֶ֤לֶךְking ofprep + N com m sg abs · מֶלֶךְ (H4428)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מֶלֶךְ (H4428) 'king of'.
עָתִ֬ידthe things preparedAdj · עָתִיד (H6264)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עָתִיד (H6264) 'the things prepared'.
לַכִּידֽוֹרtoprep + art + N com m sg abs · כִּידוֹר (H3593)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)כִּידוֹר (H3593) 'to'.
25

כִּֽי נָטָ֣ה אֶל אֵ֣ל יָד֑וֹ וְאֶל שַׁ֝דַּ֗י יִתְגַּבָּֽר

For he stretcheth out his hand against God, and strengtheneth himself against the Almighty.

Qatal — perfective or stative predication
kî-clause (causal, recitative, or evidential). Qatal — perfective or stative predication. Lead predicate is 'stretch out'.
Word-by-word analysis· 8 words
כִּֽיforconj וְ · כִּי (H3588)Particle or relational elementכִּי (H3588) 'for'.
נָטָ֣הstretch outQal perf 3ms · נָטָה (H5186)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actנָטָה (H5186) 'stretch out'.
אֶלtoprep · אֶל (H413)Particle or relational elementאֶל (H413) 'to'.
אֵ֣לGodN c · אֵל (H410)Construct chain (genitival)אֵל (H410) 'God'.
יָד֑וֹhis handN c · יָד (H3027)Construct chain (genitival)יָד (H3027) 'his hand'.
וְאֶלand toconj וְ + prep · אֶל (H413)Particle or relational elementאֶל (H413) 'and to'.
שַׁ֝דַּ֗יShaddaiN · שַׁדַּי (H7706)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שַׁדַּי (H7706) 'Shaddai'.
יִתְגַּבָּֽרprevailedHithpael impf 3ms · גָּבַר (H1396)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalגָּבַר (H1396) 'prevailed'.
26

יָר֣וּץ אֵלָ֣יו בְּצַוָּ֑אר בַּ֝עֲבִ֗י גַּבֵּ֥י מָֽגִנָּֽיו

He runneth upon him, on neck, upon the thick bosses of his bucklers:

Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'and he ran'.
Word-by-word analysis· 6 words
יָר֣וּץand he ranQal impf 3ms · רוּץ (H7323)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalרוּץ (H7323) 'and he ran'.
אֵלָ֣יוto himprep + sfx 3ms · אֶל (H413)Particle or relational elementאֶל (H413) 'to him'.
בְּצַוָּ֑ארhis neckprep + N com m sg abs · צַוָּאר (H6677)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)צַוָּאר (H6677) 'his neck'.
בַּ֝עֲבִ֗יandprep + N com m sg constr · עֲבִי (H5672)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עֲבִי (H5672) 'and'.
גַּבֵּ֥יthe ridges ofN c · גַּב (H1354)Construct chain (genitival)גַּב (H1354) 'the ridges of'.
מָֽגִנָּֽיוthe shield ofN c · מָגֵן (H4043)Construct chain (genitival)מָגֵן (H4043) 'the shield of'.
27

כִּֽי כִסָּ֣ה פָנָ֣יו בְּחֶלְבּ֑וֹ וַיַּ֖עַשׂ פִּימָ֣ה עֲלֵי כָֽסֶל

Because he covereth his face with his fatness, and maketh collops of fat on flanks.

Qatal — perfective or stative predication
kî-clause (causal, recitative, or evidential). Qatal — perfective or stative predication. Lead predicate is 'it covers'.
Word-by-word analysis· 8 words
כִּֽיforconj וְ · כִּי (H3588)Particle or relational elementכִּי (H3588) 'for'.
כִסָּ֣הit coversPiel perf 3ms · כָּסָה (H3680)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actכָּסָה (H3680) 'it covers'.
פָנָ֣יוhis faceN c · פָּנִים (H6440)Construct chain (genitival)פָּנִים (H6440) 'his face'.
בְּחֶלְבּ֑וֹthe fatprep + N com m sg constr + sfx 3ms · חֵלֶב (H2459)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)חֵלֶב (H2459) 'the fat'.
וַיַּ֖עַשׂand he madeconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · עָשָׂה (H6213)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceעָשָׂה (H6213) 'and he made'.
פִּימָ֣הcollopsN c · פִּימָה (H6371)Construct chain (genitival)פִּימָה (H6371) 'collops'.
עֲלֵיagainst meprep · עַל (H5921)Particle or relational elementעַל (H5921) 'against me'.
כָֽסֶלthe loinsN c · כֶּסֶל (H3689)Construct chain (genitival)כֶּסֶל (H3689) 'the loins'.
28

וַיִּשְׁכּ֤וֹן עָ֘רִ֤ים נִכְחָד֗וֹת בָּ֭תִּים לֹא יֵ֣שְׁבוּ לָ֑מוֹ אֲשֶׁ֖ר הִתְעַתְּד֣וּ לְגַלִּֽים

And he dwelleth in desolate cities, in houses which no man inhabiteth, which are ready to become heaps.

Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action. Lead predicate is 'to make dwell'.
Word-by-word analysis· 10 words
וַיִּשְׁכּ֤וֹןto make dwellconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · שָׁכַן (H7931)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceשָׁכַן (H7931) 'to make dwell'.
עָ֘רִ֤יםcitiesN c · עִיר (H5892)Construct chain (genitival)עִיר (H5892) 'cities'.
נִכְחָד֗וֹתhideN · כָּחַד (H3582)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)כָּחַד (H3582) 'hide'.
בָּ֭תִּיםholdersN c · בַּיִת (H1004)Construct chain (genitival)בַּיִת (H1004) 'holders'.
לֹאnotneg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'not'.
יֵ֣שְׁבוּlivedQal impf 3mp · יָשַׁב (H3427)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalיָשַׁב (H3427) 'lived'.
לָ֑מוֹfor themprep + sfx 3mpParticle or relational elementFunction word: 'for them'.
אֲשֶׁ֖רthatrel. שֶׁ · אֲשֶׁר (H834)Particle or relational elementאֲשֶׁר (H834) 'that'.
הִתְעַתְּד֣וּmake fitHithpael perf 3cp · עָתַד (H6257)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actעָתַד (H6257) 'make fit'.
לְגַלִּֽיםthe heapprep + N com m pl abs · גַּל (H1530)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)גַּל (H1530) 'the heap'.
29

לֹֽא יֶ֭עְשַׁר וְלֹא יָק֣וּם חֵיל֑וֹ וְלֹֽא יִטֶּ֖ה לָאָ֣רֶץ מִנְלָֽם

He shall not be rich, neither shall his substance continue, neither shall he prolong the perfection thereof upon the earth.

Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-orientedasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'made rich'.
Word-by-word analysis· 9 words
לֹֽאnotneg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'not'.
יֶ֭עְשַׁרmade richQal impf 3ms · עָשַׁר (H6238)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalעָשַׁר (H6238) 'made rich'.
וְלֹאand notconj וְ + neg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'and not'.
יָק֣וּםshall standQal impf 3ms · קוּם (H6965)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalקוּם (H6965) 'shall stand'.
חֵיל֑וֹhis armyN c · חַיִל (H2428)Construct chain (genitival)חַיִל (H2428) 'his army'.
וְלֹֽאand notconj וְ + neg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'and not'.
יִטֶּ֖הstretch outQal impf 3ms · נָטָה (H5186)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalנָטָה (H5186) 'stretch out'.
לָאָ֣רֶץfor the landprep + art + N com c sg abs · אֶרֶץ (H776)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֶרֶץ (H776) 'for the land'.
מִנְלָֽםperfectionN c · מִנְלֶה (H4512)Construct chain (genitival)מִנְלֶה (H4512) 'perfection'.
30

לֹֽא יָס֨וּר מִנִּי חֹ֗שֶׁךְ יֹֽ֭נַקְתּוֹ תְּיַבֵּ֣שׁ שַׁלְהָ֑בֶת וְ֝יָס֗וּר בְּר֣וּחַ פִּֽיו

He shall not depart out of darkness; the flame shall dry up his branches, and by the breath of his mouth shall he go away.

Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-orientedasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'turn aside'.
Word-by-word analysis· 10 words
לֹֽאnotneg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'not'.
יָס֨וּרturn asideQal impf 3ms · סוּר (H5493)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalסוּר (H5493) 'turn aside'.
מִנִּיfromprep · מִן (H4480)Particle or relational elementמִן (H4480) 'from'.
חֹ֗שֶׁךְdarknessN c · חֹשֶׁךְ (H2822)Construct chain (genitival)חֹשֶׁךְ (H2822) 'darkness'.
יֹֽ֭נַקְתּוֹ(tender) branchN c · יוֹנֶקֶת (H3127)Construct chain (genitival)יוֹנֶקֶת (H3127) '(tender) branch'.
תְּיַבֵּ֣שׁwas dryPiel impf 3fs · יָבֵשׁ (H3001)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalיָבֵשׁ (H3001) 'was dry'.
שַׁלְהָ֑בֶת(flaming) flameN c · שַׁלְהֶבֶת (H7957)Construct chain (genitival)שַׁלְהֶבֶת (H7957) '(flaming) flame'.
וְ֝יָס֗וּרhe shall remove itconj וְ + Qal impf 3ms · סוּר (H5493)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalסוּר (H5493) 'he shall remove it'.
בְּר֣וּחַby a wind ofprep + N com c sg constr · רוּחַ (H7307)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)רוּחַ (H7307) 'by a wind of'.
פִּֽיוhis wordN c · פֶּה (H6310)Construct chain (genitival)פֶּה (H6310) 'his word'.
31

אַל יַאֲמֵ֣ן בשו בַּשָּׁ֣יו נִתְעָ֑ה כִּי שָׁ֝֗וְא תִּהְיֶ֥ה תְמוּרָתֽוֹ

Let not him that is deceived trust in vanity: for vanity shall be his recompence.

Jussive — volitionalasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Jussive — volitional. Lead predicate is 'faithful'.
Word-by-word analysis· 9 words
אַלdo notneg. · אַל (H408)Particle or relational elementאַל (H408) 'do not'.
יַאֲמֵ֣ןfaithfulHiphil jussive 3ms · אָמַן (H539)Predicate verb (jussive)→ Jussive: volitionalאָמַן (H539) 'faithful'.
בשוfalsehoodprep + art + N com m sg abs · שָׁוְא (H7723)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שָׁוְא (H7723) 'falsehood'.
בַּשָּׁ֣יוfalsehoodprep + art + N com m sg abs · שָׁוְא (H7723)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שָׁוְא (H7723) 'falsehood'.
נִתְעָ֑הwanderingN · תָּעָה (H8582)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)תָּעָה (H8582) 'wandering'.
כִּיforconj וְ · כִּי (H3588)Particle or relational elementכִּי (H3588) 'for'.
שָׁ֝֗וְאfalsehoodN c · שָׁוְא (H7723)Construct chain (genitival)שָׁוְא (H7723) 'falsehood'.
תִּהְיֶ֥הshall beQal impf 3fs · הָיָה (H1961)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalהָיָה (H1961) 'shall be'.
תְמוּרָתֽוֹand its substituteN c · תְּמוּרָה (H8545)Construct chain (genitival)תְּמוּרָה (H8545) 'and its substitute'.
32

בְּֽלֹא י֭וֹמוֹ תִּמָּלֵ֑א וְ֝כִפָּת֗וֹ לֹ֣א רַעֲנָֽנָה

It shall be accomplished before his time, and his branch shall not be green.

Qatal — perfective or stative predicationasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Qatal — perfective or stative predication. Lead predicate is 'green/luxuriant'.
Word-by-word analysis· 6 words
בְּֽלֹאwithoutprep + neg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'without'.
י֭וֹמוֹhis dayN c · יוֹם (H3117)Construct chain (genitival)יוֹם (H3117) 'his day'.
תִּמָּלֵ֑אyou shall ordainN · מָלֵא (H4390)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מָלֵא (H4390) 'you shall ordain'.
וְ֝כִפָּת֗וֹbranchconj וְ + N com f sg constr + sfx 3ms · כִּפָּה (H3712)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)כִּפָּה (H3712) 'branch'.
לֹ֣אnotneg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'not'.
רַעֲנָֽנָהgreen/luxuriantPalel perf 3fs · רַעֲנָן (H7488)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actרַעֲנָן (H7488) 'green/luxuriant'.
33

יַחְמֹ֣ס כַּגֶּ֣פֶן בִּסְר֑וֹ וְיַשְׁלֵ֥ךְ כַּ֝זַּ֗יִת נִצָּתֽוֹ

He shall shake off his unripe grape as the vine, and shall cast off his flower as the olive.

Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-orientedasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'make bare'.
Word-by-word analysis· 6 words
יַחְמֹ֣סmake bareQal impf 3ms · חָמַס (H2554)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalחָמַס (H2554) 'make bare'.
כַּגֶּ֣פֶןfrom the vine ofprep + art + N com c sg abs · גֶּפֶן (H1612)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)גֶּפֶן (H1612) 'from the vine of'.
בִּסְר֑וֹunripe grapeN c · בֶּסֶר (H1154)Construct chain (genitival)בֶּסֶר (H1154) 'unripe grape'.
וְיַשְׁלֵ֥ךְand he threw [it]conj וְ + Hiphil impf 3ms · שָׁלַךְ (H7993)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalשָׁלַךְ (H7993) 'and he threw [it]'.
כַּ֝זַּ֗יִתoliveprep + art + N com m sg abs · זַיִת (H2132)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)זַיִת (H2132) 'olive'.
נִצָּתֽוֹflowerN c · נִצָּה (H5328)Construct chain (genitival)נִצָּה (H5328) 'flower'.
34

כִּֽי עֲדַ֣ת חָנֵ֣ף גַּלְמ֑וּד וְ֝אֵ֗שׁ אָכְלָ֥ה אָֽהֳלֵי שֹֽׁחַד

For the congregation of hypocrites desolate, and fire shall consume the tabernacles of bribery.

Qatal — perfective or stative predication
kî-clause (causal, recitative, or evidential). Qatal — perfective or stative predication. Lead predicate is 'consuming'.
Word-by-word analysis· 8 words
כִּֽיforconj וְ · כִּי (H3588)Particle or relational elementכִּי (H3588) 'for'.
עֲדַ֣תthe congregation ofN c · עֵדָה (H5712)Construct chain (genitival)עֵדָה (H5712) 'the congregation of'.
חָנֵ֣ףhypocriteAdj · חָנֵף (H2611)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)חָנֵף (H2611) 'hypocrite'.
גַּלְמ֑וּדandAdj · גַּלְמוּד (H1565)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)גַּלְמוּד (H1565) 'and'.
וְ֝אֵ֗שׁand fireconj וְ + N com c sg abs · אֵשׁ (H784)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֵשׁ (H784) 'and fire'.
אָכְלָ֥הconsumingQal perf 3fs · אָכַל (H398)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actאָכַל (H398) 'consuming'.
אָֽהֳלֵיthe tents ofN c · אֹהֶל (H168)Construct chain (genitival)אֹהֶל (H168) 'the tents of'.
שֹֽׁחַדa bribeN c · שֹׁחַד (H7810)Construct chain (genitival)שֹׁחַד (H7810) 'a bribe'.
35

הָרֹ֣ה עָ֭מָל וְיָ֣לֹד אָ֑וֶן וּ֝בִטְנָ֗ם תָּכִ֥ין מִרְמָֽה

They conceive mischief, and bring forth vanity, and their belly prepareth deceit.

Infinitive absolute — emphasis or attendant action
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Infinitive absolute — emphasis or attendant action. Lead predicate is 'and she conceived'. Closes the chapter.
Word-by-word analysis· 7 words
הָרֹ֣הand she conceivedQal inf abs · הָרָה (H2029)Infinitive absolute→ Infinitive absolute: emphasis or attendant actionהָרָה (H2029) 'and she conceived'.
עָ֭מָלtroubleN c · עָמָל (H5999)Construct chain (genitival)עָמָל (H5999) 'trouble'.
וְיָ֣לֹדand he fatheredconj וְ + Qal inf abs · יָלַד (H3205)Infinitive absolute→ Infinitive absolute: emphasis or attendant actionיָלַד (H3205) 'and he fathered'.
אָ֑וֶןiniquityN c · אוֹן (H205)Construct chain (genitival)אוֹן (H205) 'iniquity'.
וּ֝בִטְנָ֗םyour wombconj וְ + N com f sg constr + sfx 3mp · בֶּטֶן (H990)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)בֶּטֶן (H990) 'your womb'.
תָּכִ֥יןyou shall prepareHiphil impf 3fs · כּוּן (H3559)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalכּוּן (H3559) 'you shall prepare'.
מִרְמָֽהwith deceitN c · מִרְמָה (H4820)Construct chain (genitival)מִרְמָה (H4820) 'with deceit'.