Hebrew Text · Translation · Interlinear · Discourse Structure

The Book of Job, Chapter 14איוב 14

Each verse opens with the running Hebrew, an English translation, and a discourse note (its connective, relation, and role in the argument). Below follows the word-by-word breakdown in six tiers: gloss, case/state or parsing, syntax, semantic force, and a lexical note.

Case Nominative Genitive Dative Accusative Vocative Verb (no case) Indeclinable

Discourse notes head each verse: relation · connective · clause-flow. Indentation marks prominence — flush-left = main line of argument; indented = supporting / subordinate material.

Theme

Job 14 (22 verses in the MT) opens: Man born of a woman of few days, and full of trouble. The middle of the chapter continues: So man lieth down, and riseth not: till the heavens no more, they shall not awake, nor be raised out of their sleep. It closes: But his flesh upon him shall have pain, and his soul within him shall mourn.

Translation & textual notes

The Hebrew base text here follows the Masoretic Text in the Leningrad tradition as represented by the Westminster Leningrad Codex / MorphHB diplomatic stream imported from OSHB; distinctively copyrighted apparatus from BHS or BHQ is not reproduced. Job 14 comprises 22 verses in MT order. Movement I (vv. 1-5) — Man born of a woman of few days, and full of trouble. Man born of a woman of few days, and full of trouble. He cometh forth like a flower, and is cut down: he fleeth also as a shadow, and continueth not. And dost you open your eyes upon such an one, and bringest me into judgment with you? Who can bring a clean out of an unclean? not one. Seeing his days determined, the number of his months with you, you have. Movement II (vv. 6-10) — Turn from him, that he may rest, till he shall accomplish, as an hirelin. Turn from him, that he may rest, till he shall accomplish, as an hireling, his day. For there is hope of a tree, if it be cut down, that it will sprout again, and that the tender branch thereof will not cease. Though the root thereof wax old in the earth, and the stock thereof die in the ground; through the scent of water it will bud, and bring forth boughs. Movement III (vv. 11-15) — the waters fail from the sea, and the flood decayeth and drieth up:. the waters fail from the sea, and the flood decayeth and drieth up: So man lieth down, and riseth not: till the heavens no more, they shall not awake, nor be raised out of their sleep. O that you wouldest hide me in the grave, that you wouldest keep me secret, until your wrath be past, that you wouldest appoint me a set time, and remember me! If a man die,. Movement IV (vv. 16-20) — For now you numberest my steps: dost you not watch over my sin?. For now you numberest my steps: dost you not watch over my sin? My transgression sealed up in a bag, and you sewest up mine iniquity. And surely the mountain falling cometh to nought, and the rock is removed out of his place. The waters wear the stones: you washest away the things which grow of the dust of the earth; and you destroyest the hope of man. You. Movement V (vv. 21-22) — His sons come to honour, and he knoweth not; and they are brought low, b. His sons come to honour, and he knoweth not; and they are brought low, but he perceiveth not of them. But his flesh upon him shall have pain, and his soul within him shall mourn. Where English printed Bibles divide verses differently, this annotation follows MT versification throughout.

1

אָ֭דָם יְל֣וּד אִשָּׁ֑ה קְצַ֥ר יָ֝מִ֗ים וּֽשְׂבַֽע רֹֽגֶז

Man born of a woman of few days, and full of trouble.

Participle — attendant circumstance or substantival actorasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Participle — attendant circumstance or substantival actor. Lead predicate is 'and he fathered'. Opens the chapter.
Word-by-word analysis· 7 words
אָ֭דָםmanN c · אָדָם (H120)Construct chain (genitival)אָדָם (H120) 'man'.
יְל֣וּדand he fatheredQal ptc ms · יָלַד (H3205)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorיָלַד (H3205) 'and he fathered'.
אִשָּׁ֑הa womanN c · אִשָּׁה (H802)Construct chain (genitival)אִשָּׁה (H802) 'a woman'.
קְצַ֥רfewAdj · קָצֵר (H7116)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)קָצֵר (H7116) 'few'.
יָ֝מִ֗יםdaysN c · יוֹם (H3117)Construct chain (genitival)יוֹם (H3117) 'days'.
וּֽשְׂבַֽעand satisfiedconj וְ + Adj · שָׂבֵעַ (H7649)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שָׂבֵעַ (H7649) 'and satisfied'.
רֹֽגֶזandN c · רֹגֶז (H7267)Construct chain (genitival)רֹגֶז (H7267) 'and'.
2

כְּצִ֣יץ יָ֭צָא וַיִּמָּ֑ל וַיִּבְרַ֥ח כַּ֝צֵּ֗ל וְלֹ֣א יַעֲמֽוֹד

He cometh forth like a flower, and is cut down: he fleeth also as a shadow, and continueth not.

Qatal — perfective or stative predicationasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Qatal — perfective or stative predication. Lead predicate is 'one going out (to)'.
Word-by-word analysis· 7 words
כְּצִ֣יץthe plate ofprep + N com m sg abs · צִיץ (H6731)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)צִיץ (H6731) 'the plate of'.
יָ֭צָאone going out (to)Qal perf 3ms · יָצָא (H3318)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actיָצָא (H3318) 'one going out (to)'.
וַיִּמָּ֑לyou shall circumciseconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · נָמַל (H5243)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceנָמַל (H5243) 'you shall circumcise'.
וַיִּבְרַ֥חand he fledconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · בָּרַח (H1272)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceבָּרַח (H1272) 'and he fled'.
כַּ֝צֵּ֗לin the shadow ofprep + art + N com m sg abs · צֵל (H6738)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)צֵל (H6738) 'in the shadow of'.
וְלֹ֣אand notconj וְ + neg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'and not'.
יַעֲמֽוֹדstandingQal impf 3ms · עָמַד (H5975)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalעָמַד (H5975) 'standing'.
3

אַף עַל זֶ֭ה פָּקַ֣חְתָּ עֵינֶ֑ךָ וְאֹ֘תִ֤י תָבִ֖יא בְמִשְׁפָּ֣ט עִמָּֽךְ

And dost you open your eyes upon such an one, and bringest me into judgment with you?

Qatal — perfective or stative predicationasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Qatal — perfective or stative predication. Lead predicate is 'and he opened'.
Word-by-word analysis· 9 words
אַףalsoparticle · אַף (H637)Particle or relational elementאַף (H637) 'also'.
עַלonprep · עַל (H5921)Particle or relational elementעַל (H5921) 'on'.
זֶ֭הthisdem. pron xms · זֶה (H2088)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)זֶה (H2088) 'this'.
פָּקַ֣חְתָּand he openedQal perf 2ms · פָּקַח (H6491)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actפָּקַח (H6491) 'and he opened'.
עֵינֶ֑ךָyour eyeN c · עַיִן (H5869)Construct chain (genitival)עַיִן (H5869) 'your eye'.
וְאֹ֘תִ֤יand meconj וְ + obj marker + sfx 1cs · אֵת (H853)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H853) 'and me'.
תָבִ֖יאyou shall bringHiphil impf 2ms · בּוֹא (H935)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalבּוֹא (H935) 'you shall bring'.
בְמִשְׁפָּ֣טin judgmentprep + N com m sg abs · מִשְׁפָּט (H4941)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מִשְׁפָּט (H4941) 'in judgment'.
עִמָּֽךְwith youprep + sfx 2fs · עִם (H5973)Particle or relational elementעִם (H5973) 'with you'.
4

מִֽי יִתֵּ֣ן טָ֭הוֹר מִטָּמֵ֗א לֹ֣א אֶחָֽד

Who can bring a clean out of an unclean? not one.

Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-orientedasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'would give'.
Word-by-word analysis· 6 words
מִֽיwhointerrog. · מִי (H4310)Particle or relational elementמִי (H4310) 'who'.
יִתֵּ֣ןwould giveQal impf 3ms · נָתַן (H5414)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalנָתַן (H5414) 'would give'.
טָ֭הוֹרpureAdj · טָהוֹר (H2889)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)טָהוֹר (H2889) 'pure'.
מִטָּמֵ֗אuncleanprep + Adj · טָמֵא (H2931)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)טָמֵא (H2931) 'unclean'.
לֹ֣אnotneg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'not'.
אֶחָֽדoneAdj · אֶחָד (H259)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֶחָד (H259) 'one'.
5

אִ֥ם חֲרוּצִ֨ים יָמָ֗יו מִֽסְפַּר חֳדָשָׁ֥יו אִתָּ֑ךְ חקו חֻקָּ֥יו עָ֝שִׂ֗יתָ וְלֹ֣א יַעֲבֽוֹר

Seeing his days determined, the number of his months with you, you have appointed his bounds that he cannot pass;

Participle — attendant circumstance or substantival actorʼim
Conditional ʼim. Participle — attendant circumstance or substantival actor. Lead predicate is 'shall sharpen, move'.
Word-by-word analysis· 11 words
אִ֥םifconj וְ · אִם (H518)Particle or relational elementאִם (H518) 'if'.
חֲרוּצִ֨יםshall sharpen, moveQal ptc mp · חָרַץ (H2782)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorחָרַץ (H2782) 'shall sharpen, move'.
יָמָ֗יוhis daysN c · יוֹם (H3117)Construct chain (genitival)יוֹם (H3117) 'his days'.
מִֽסְפַּרthe number ofN c · מִסְפָּר (H4557)Construct chain (genitival)מִסְפָּר (H4557) 'the number of'.
חֳדָשָׁ֥יוof the monthN c · חֹדֶשׁ (H2320)Construct chain (genitival)חֹדֶשׁ (H2320) 'of the month'.
אִתָּ֑ךְwith youprep + sfx 2fs · אֵת (H854)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H854) 'with you'.
חקוthe statutesN c · חֹק (H2706)Construct chain (genitival)חֹק (H2706) 'the statutes'.
חֻקָּ֥יוhis statutesN c · חֹק (H2706)Construct chain (genitival)חֹק (H2706) 'his statutes'.
עָ֝שִׂ֗יתָyou have doneQal perf 2ms · עָשָׂה (H6213)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actעָשָׂה (H6213) 'you have done'.
וְלֹ֣אand notconj וְ + neg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'and not'.
יַעֲבֽוֹרare crossingQal impf 3ms · עָבַר (H5674)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalעָבַר (H5674) 'are crossing'.
6

שְׁעֵ֣ה מֵעָלָ֣יו וְיֶחְדָּ֑ל עַד יִ֝רְצֶ֗ה כְּשָׂכִ֥יר יוֹמֽוֹ

Turn from him, that he may rest, till he shall accomplish, as an hireling, his day.

Imperative — volitional addressasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Imperative — volitional address. Lead predicate is 'he regarded'.
Word-by-word analysis· 7 words
שְׁעֵ֣הhe regardedQal impv 2ms · שָׁעָה (H8159)Predicate verb (imperative)→ Volitional: imperativeשָׁעָה (H8159) 'he regarded'.
מֵעָלָ֣יוfrom upon himprep + prep + sfx 3ms · עַל (H5921)Particle or relational elementעַל (H5921) 'from upon him'.
וְיֶחְדָּ֑לwill ceaseconj וְ + Qal impf 3ms · חָדַל (H2308)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalחָדַל (H2308) 'will cease'.
עַדuntilprep · עַד (H5704)Particle or relational elementעַד (H5704) 'until'.
יִ֝רְצֶ֗הit shall be acceptedQal impf 3ms · רָצָה (H7521)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalרָצָה (H7521) 'it shall be accepted'.
כְּשָׂכִ֥ירlike a hired workerprep + Adj · שָׂכִיר (H7916)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שָׂכִיר (H7916) 'like a hired worker'.
יוֹמֽוֹhis dayN c · יוֹם (H3117)Construct chain (genitival)יוֹם (H3117) 'his day'.
7

כִּ֤י יֵ֥שׁ לָעֵ֗ץ תִּ֫קְוָ֥ה אִֽם יִ֭כָּרֵת וְע֣וֹד יַחֲלִ֑יף וְ֝יֹֽנַקְתּ֗וֹ לֹ֣א תֶחְדָּֽל

For there is hope of a tree, if it be cut down, that it will sprout again, and that the tender branch thereof will not cease.

Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented
kî-clause (causal, recitative, or evidential). Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'and changed'.
Word-by-word analysis· 11 words
כִּ֤יforconj וְ · כִּי (H3588)Particle or relational elementכִּי (H3588) 'for'.
יֵ֥שׁthere isadv. · יֵשׁ (H3426)Particle or relational elementיֵשׁ (H3426) 'there is'.
לָעֵ֗ץwood ofprep + art + N com m sg abs · עֵץ (H6086)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עֵץ (H6086) 'wood of'.
תִּ֫קְוָ֥הthe cord ofN c · תִּקְוָה (H8615)Construct chain (genitival)תִּקְוָה (H8615) 'the cord of'.
אִֽםifconj וְ · אִם (H518)Particle or relational elementאִם (H518) 'if'.
יִ֭כָּרֵתshall be cut offN · כָּרַת (H3772)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)כָּרַת (H3772) 'shall be cut off'.
וְע֣וֹדand stillconj וְ + art · עוֹד (H5750)Particle or relational elementעוֹד (H5750) 'and still'.
יַחֲלִ֑יףand changedHiphil impf 3ms · חָלַף (H2498)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalחָלַף (H2498) 'and changed'.
וְ֝יֹֽנַקְתּ֗וֹ(tender) branchconj וְ + N com f sg constr + sfx 3ms · יוֹנֶקֶת (H3127)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יוֹנֶקֶת (H3127) '(tender) branch'.
לֹ֣אnotneg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'not'.
תֶחְדָּֽלyou refrainQal impf 3fs · חָדַל (H2308)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalחָדַל (H2308) 'you refrain'.
8

אִם יַזְקִ֣ין בָּאָ֣רֶץ שָׁרְשׁ֑וֹ וּ֝בֶעָפָ֗ר יָמ֥וּת גִּזְעֽוֹ

Though the root thereof wax old in the earth, and the stock thereof die in the ground;

Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-orientedʼim
Conditional ʼim. Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'was old'.
Word-by-word analysis· 7 words
אִםifconj וְ · אִם (H518)Particle or relational elementאִם (H518) 'if'.
יַזְקִ֣יןwas oldHiphil impf 3ms · זָקֵן (H2204)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalזָקֵן (H2204) 'was old'.
בָּאָ֣רֶץin the land ofprep + art + N com c sg abs · אֶרֶץ (H776)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֶרֶץ (H776) 'in the land of'.
שָׁרְשׁ֑וֹa rootN c · שֹׁרֶשׁ (H8328)Construct chain (genitival)שֹׁרֶשׁ (H8328) 'a root'.
וּ֝בֶעָפָ֗רdustconj וְ + prep + art + N com m sg abs · עָפָר (H6083)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עָפָר (H6083) 'dust'.
יָמ֥וּתhe dieQal impf 3ms · מוּת (H4191)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalמוּת (H4191) 'he die'.
גִּזְעֽוֹfromN c · גֶּזַע (H1503)Construct chain (genitival)גֶּזַע (H1503) 'from'.
9

מֵרֵ֣יחַ מַ֣יִם יַפְרִ֑חַ וְעָשָׂ֖ה קָצִ֣יר כְּמוֹ נָֽטַע

through the scent of water it will bud, and bring forth boughs like a plant.

Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-orientedasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'will sprout'.
Word-by-word analysis· 7 words
מֵרֵ֣יחַan aroma ofprep + N com m sg constr · רֵיחַ (H7381)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)רֵיחַ (H7381) 'an aroma of'.
מַ֣יִםwaterN c · מַיִם (H4325)Construct chain (genitival)מַיִם (H4325) 'water'.
יַפְרִ֑חַwill sproutHiphil impf 3ms · פָּרַח (H6524)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalפָּרַח (H6524) 'will sprout'.
וְעָשָׂ֖הand makeconj וְ + Qal q 3ms · עָשָׂה (H6213)Particle or relational elementעָשָׂה (H6213) 'and make'.
קָצִ֣ירharvest ofN c · קָצִיר (H7105)Construct chain (genitival)קָצִיר (H7105) 'harvest of'.
כְּמוֹlikeprep · כְּמוֹ (H3644)Particle or relational elementכְּמוֹ (H3644) 'like'.
נָֽטַעplantN c · נֶטַע (H5194)Construct chain (genitival)נֶטַע (H5194) 'plant'.
10

וְגֶ֣בֶר יָ֭מוּת וַֽיֶּחֱלָ֑שׁ וַיִּגְוַ֖ע אָדָ֣ם וְאַיּֽוֹ

But man dieth, and wasteth away: yea, man giveth up the ghost, and where he?

Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'he die'.
Word-by-word analysis· 6 words
וְגֶ֣בֶרa manconj וְ + N com m sg abs · גֶּבֶר (H1397)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)גֶּבֶר (H1397) 'a man'.
יָ֭מוּתhe dieQal impf 3ms · מוּת (H4191)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalמוּת (H4191) 'he die'.
וַֽיֶּחֱלָ֑שׁand ... overwhelmedconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · חָלַשׁ (H2522)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceחָלַשׁ (H2522) 'and ... overwhelmed'.
וַיִּגְוַ֖עbreathed his lastconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · גָּוַע (H1478)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceגָּוַע (H1478) 'breathed his last'.
אָדָ֣םmanN c · אָדָם (H120)Construct chain (genitival)אָדָם (H120) 'man'.
וְאַיּֽוֹand where is heconj וְ + interrog. + sfx 3ms · אַיֵּה (H346)Particle or relational elementאַיֵּה (H346) 'and where is he'.
11

אָֽזְלוּ מַ֭יִם מִנִּי יָ֑ם וְ֝נָהָ֗ר יֶחֱרַ֥ב וְיָבֵֽשׁ

the waters fail from the sea, and the flood decayeth and drieth up:

Qatal — perfective or stative predicationasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Qatal — perfective or stative predication. Lead predicate is 'is gone'.
Word-by-word analysis· 7 words
אָֽזְלוּis goneQal perf 3cp · אָזַל (H235)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actאָזַל (H235) 'is gone'.
מַ֭יִםwaterN c · מַיִם (H4325)Construct chain (genitival)מַיִם (H4325) 'water'.
מִנִּיfromprep · מִן (H4480)Particle or relational elementמִן (H4480) 'from'.
יָ֑םsea ofN c · יָם (H3220)Construct chain (genitival)יָם (H3220) 'sea of'.
וְ֝נָהָ֗רa riverconj וְ + N com m sg abs · נָהָר (H5104)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)נָהָר (H5104) 'a river'.
יֶחֱרַ֥בhad dried upQal impf 3ms · חָרַב (H2717)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalחָרַב (H2717) 'had dried up'.
וְיָבֵֽשׁwas dryconj וְ + Qal q 3ms · יָבֵשׁ (H3001)Particle or relational elementיָבֵשׁ (H3001) 'was dry'.
12

וְאִ֥ישׁ שָׁכַ֗ב וְֽלֹא יָ֫ק֥וּם עַד בִּלְתִּ֣י שָׁ֭מַיִם לֹ֣א יָקִ֑יצוּ וְלֹֽא יֵ֝עֹ֗רוּ מִשְּׁנָתָֽם

So man lieth down, and riseth not: till the heavens no more, they shall not awake, nor be raised out of their sleep.

Qatal — perfective or stative predication
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Qatal — perfective or stative predication. Lead predicate is 'who lies'.
Word-by-word analysis· 12 words
וְאִ֥ישׁand a manconj וְ + N com m sg abs · אִישׁ (H376)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אִישׁ (H376) 'and a man'.
שָׁכַ֗בwho liesQal perf 3ms · שָׁכַב (H7901)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actשָׁכַב (H7901) 'who lies'.
וְֽלֹאand notconj וְ + neg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'and not'.
יָ֫ק֥וּםshall standQal impf 3ms · קוּם (H6965)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalקוּם (H6965) 'shall stand'.
עַדuntilprep · עַד (H5704)Particle or relational elementעַד (H5704) 'until'.
בִּלְתִּ֣יexceptconj וְ · בִּלְתִּי (H1115)Particle or relational elementבִּלְתִּי (H1115) 'except'.
שָׁ֭מַיִםheavenN c · שָׁמַיִם (H8064)Construct chain (genitival)שָׁמַיִם (H8064) 'heaven'.
לֹ֣אnotneg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'not'.
יָקִ֑יצוּariseHiphil impf 3mp · קוּץ (H6974)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalקוּץ (H6974) 'arise'.
וְלֹֽאand notconj וְ + neg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'and not'.
יֵ֝עֹ֗רוּawakeN · עוּר (H5782)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עוּר (H5782) 'awake'.
מִשְּׁנָתָֽםfrom his sleepprep + N com f sg constr + sfx 3mp · שֵׁנָה (H8142)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שֵׁנָה (H8142) 'from his sleep'.
13

מִ֤י יִתֵּ֨ן בִּשְׁא֬וֹל תַּצְפִּנֵ֗נִי תַּ֭סְתִּירֵנִי עַד שׁ֣וּב אַפֶּ֑ךָ תָּ֤שִׁ֥ית לִ֖י חֹ֣ק וְתִזְכְּרֵֽנִי

O that you wouldest hide me in the grave, that you wouldest keep me secret, until your wrath be past, that you wouldest appoint me a set time, and remember me!

Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-orientedasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'would give'.
Word-by-word analysis· 12 words
מִ֤יwhointerrog. · מִי (H4310)Particle or relational elementמִי (H4310) 'who'.
יִתֵּ֨ןwould giveQal impf 3ms · נָתַן (H5414)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalנָתַן (H5414) 'would give'.
בִּשְׁא֬וֹלSheolprep + N proper · שְׁאוֹל (H7585)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שְׁאוֹל (H7585) 'Sheol'.
תַּצְפִּנֵ֗נִיand she hid himHiphil impf 2ms + sfx 1cs · צָפַן (H6845)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalצָפַן (H6845) 'and she hid him'.
תַּ֭סְתִּירֵנִיI will hideHiphil impf 2ms + sfx 1cs · סָתַר (H5641)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalסָתַר (H5641) 'I will hide'.
עַדuntilprep · עַד (H5704)Particle or relational elementעַד (H5704) 'until'.
שׁ֣וּבreturnQal inf constr · שׁוּב (H7725)Infinitive construct→ Infinitive construct: purpose, result, or complementשׁוּב (H7725) 'return'.
אַפֶּ֑ךָyour angerN c · אַף (H639)Construct chain (genitival)אַף (H639) 'your anger'.
תָּ֤שִׁ֥יתis imposedQal impf 2ms · שִׁית (H7896)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalשִׁית (H7896) 'is imposed'.
לִ֖יto meprep + sfx 1csParticle or relational elementFunction word: 'to me'.
חֹ֣קa due ofN c · חֹק (H2706)Construct chain (genitival)חֹק (H2706) 'a due of'.
וְתִזְכְּרֵֽנִיand you shall rememberconj וְ + Qal impf 2ms + sfx 1cs · זָכַר (H2142)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalזָכַר (H2142) 'and you shall remember'.
14

אִם יָמ֥וּת גֶּ֗בֶר הֲיִ֫חְיֶ֥ה כָּל יְמֵ֣י צְבָאִ֣י אֲיַחֵ֑ל עַד בּ֝֗וֹא חֲלִיפָתִֽי

If a man die, shall he live ? all the days of my appointed time will I wait, till my change come.

Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-orientedʼim
Conditional ʼim. Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'he die'.
Word-by-word analysis· 11 words
אִםifconj וְ · אִם (H518)Particle or relational elementאִם (H518) 'if'.
יָמ֥וּתhe dieQal impf 3ms · מוּת (H4191)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalמוּת (H4191) 'he die'.
גֶּ֗בֶרa manN c · גֶּבֶר (H1397)Construct chain (genitival)גֶּבֶר (H1397) 'a man'.
הֲיִ֫חְיֶ֥הand he livedinterrog. + Qal impf 3ms · חָיָה (H2421)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalחָיָה (H2421) 'and he lived'.
כָּלallN c · כֹּל (H3605)Construct chain (genitival)כֹּל (H3605) 'all'.
יְמֵ֣יthe days ofN c · יוֹם (H3117)Construct chain (genitival)יוֹם (H3117) 'the days of'.
צְבָאִ֣יof troopsN c · צָבָא (H6635)Construct chain (genitival)צָבָא (H6635) 'of troops'.
אֲיַחֵ֑לand he waitedPiel impf 1cs · יָחַל (H3176)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalיָחַל (H3176) 'and he waited'.
עַדuntilprep · עַד (H5704)Particle or relational elementעַד (H5704) 'until'.
בּ֝֗וֹאcome inQal inf constr · בּוֹא (H935)Infinitive construct→ Infinitive construct: purpose, result, or complementבּוֹא (H935) 'come in'.
חֲלִיפָתִֽיchanges ofN c · חֲלִיפָה (H2487)Construct chain (genitival)חֲלִיפָה (H2487) 'changes of'.
15

תִּ֭קְרָא וְאָנֹכִ֣י אֶֽעֱנֶ֑ךָּ לְֽמַעֲשֵׂ֖ה יָדֶ֣יךָ תִכְסֹֽף

You shall call, and I will answer you: you will have a desire to the work of your hands.

Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-orientedasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'you shall read'. Speech formula or quoted address.
Word-by-word analysis· 6 words
תִּ֭קְרָאyou shall readQal impf 2ms · קָרָא (H7121)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalקָרָא (H7121) 'you shall read'.
וְאָנֹכִ֣יand Iconj וְ + pron 1cs · אָנֹכִי (H595)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אָנֹכִי (H595) 'and I'.
אֶֽעֱנֶ֑ךָּand answeredQal impf 1cs + sfx 2ms · עָנָה (H6030)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalעָנָה (H6030) 'and answered'.
לְֽמַעֲשֵׂ֖הthe work ofprep + N com m sg constr · מַעֲשֶׂה (H4639)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מַעֲשֶׂה (H4639) 'the work of'.
יָדֶ֣יךָyour handsN c · יָד (H3027)Construct chain (genitival)יָד (H3027) 'your hands'.
תִכְסֹֽףgreatly longingQal impf 2ms · כָּסַף (H3700)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalכָּסַף (H3700) 'greatly longing'.
16

כִּֽי עַ֭תָּה צְעָדַ֣י תִּסְפּ֑וֹר לֹֽא תִ֝שְׁמ֗וֹר עַל חַטָּאתִֽי

For now you numberest my steps: dost you not watch over my sin?

Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented
kî-clause (causal, recitative, or evidential). Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'and he recounted'.
Word-by-word analysis· 8 words
כִּֽיforconj וְ · כִּי (H3588)Particle or relational elementכִּי (H3588) 'for'.
עַ֭תָּהnowart · עַתָּה (H6258)Particle or relational elementעַתָּה (H6258) 'now'.
צְעָדַ֣יpaceN c · צַעַד (H6806)Construct chain (genitival)צַעַד (H6806) 'pace'.
תִּסְפּ֑וֹרand he recountedQal impf 2ms · סָפַר (H5608)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalסָפַר (H5608) 'and he recounted'.
לֹֽאnotneg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'not'.
תִ֝שְׁמ֗וֹרand you shall keepQal impf 2ms · שָׁמַר (H8104)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalשָׁמַר (H8104) 'and you shall keep'.
עַלonprep · עַל (H5921)Particle or relational elementעַל (H5921) 'on'.
חַטָּאתִֽיmy sinN c · חַטָּאת (H2403)Construct chain (genitival)חַטָּאת (H2403) 'my sin'.
17

חָתֻ֣ם בִּצְר֣וֹר פִּשְׁעִ֑י וַ֝תִּטְפֹּ֗ל עַל עֲוֺנִֽי

My transgression sealed up in a bag, and you sewest up mine iniquity.

Participle — attendant circumstance or substantival actorasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Participle — attendant circumstance or substantival actor. Lead predicate is 'sealed'.
Word-by-word analysis· 6 words
חָתֻ֣םsealedQal ptc ms · חָתַם (H2856)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorחָתַם (H2856) 'sealed'.
בִּצְר֣וֹרbundle ofprep + N com m sg abs · צְרוֹר (H6872)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)צְרוֹר (H6872) 'bundle of'.
פִּשְׁעִ֑יmy transgressionN c · פֶשַע (H6588)Construct chain (genitival)פֶשַע (H6588) 'my transgression'.
וַ֝תִּטְפֹּ֗לandconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 2ms · טָפַל (H2950)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceטָפַל (H2950) 'and'.
עַלonprep · עַל (H5921)Particle or relational elementעַל (H5921) 'on'.
עֲוֺנִֽיmy punishmentN c · עָוֹן (H5771)Construct chain (genitival)עָוֹן (H5771) 'my punishment'.
18

וְ֭אוּלָם הַר נוֹפֵ֣ל יִבּ֑וֹל וְ֝צ֗וּר יֶעְתַּ֥ק מִמְּקֹמֽוֹ

And surely the mountain falling cometh to nought, and the rock is removed out of his place.

Participle — attendant circumstance or substantival actor
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Participle — attendant circumstance or substantival actor. Lead predicate is 'and he fell'.
Word-by-word analysis· 7 words
וְ֭אוּלָםbutconj וְ + art · אוּלָם (H199)Particle or relational elementאוּלָם (H199) 'but'.
הַרMountN c · הַר (H2022)Construct chain (genitival)הַר (H2022) 'Mount'.
נוֹפֵ֣לand he fellQal ptc ms · נָפַל (H5307)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorנָפַל (H5307) 'and he fell'.
יִבּ֑וֹלand he scornedQal impf 3ms · נָבַל (H5034)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalנָבַל (H5034) 'and he scorned'.
וְ֝צ֗וּרthe rockconj וְ + N com m sg abs · צוּר (H6697)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)צוּר (H6697) 'the rock'.
יֶעְתַּ֥קand he moved onQal impf 3ms · עָתַק (H6275)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalעָתַק (H6275) 'and he moved on'.
מִמְּקֹמֽוֹfrom his placeprep + N com m sg constr + sfx 3ms · מָקוֹם (H4725)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מָקוֹם (H4725) 'from his place'.
19

אֲבָנִ֤ים שָׁ֥חֲקוּ מַ֗יִם תִּשְׁטֹֽף סְפִיחֶ֥יהָ עֲפַר אָ֑רֶץ וְתִקְוַ֖ת אֱנ֣וֹשׁ הֶאֱבַֽדְתָּ

The waters wear the stones: you washest away the things which grow of the dust of the earth; and you destroyest the hope of man.

Qatal — perfective or stative predicationasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Qatal — perfective or stative predication. Lead predicate is 'and you shall pound'.
Word-by-word analysis· 10 words
אֲבָנִ֤יםstonesN c · אֶבֶן (H68)Construct chain (genitival)אֶבֶן (H68) 'stones'.
שָׁ֥חֲקוּand you shall poundQal perf 3cp · שָׁחַק (H7833)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actשָׁחַק (H7833) 'and you shall pound'.
מַ֗יִםwaterN c · מַיִם (H4325)Construct chain (genitival)מַיִם (H4325) 'water'.
תִּשְׁטֹֽףhe had rinsedQal impf 3fs · שָׁטַף (H7857)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalשָׁטַף (H7857) 'he had rinsed'.
סְפִיחֶ֥יהָits aftergrowthN c · סָפִיחַ (H5599)Construct chain (genitival)סָפִיחַ (H5599) 'its aftergrowth'.
עֲפַרdustN c · עָפָר (H6083)Construct chain (genitival)עָפָר (H6083) 'dust'.
אָ֑רֶץthe land ofN c · אֶרֶץ (H776)Construct chain (genitival)אֶרֶץ (H776) 'the land of'.
וְתִקְוַ֖תthe cord ofconj וְ + N com f sg constr · תִּקְוָה (H8615)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)תִּקְוָה (H8615) 'the cord of'.
אֱנ֣וֹשׁfrom mankindN c · אֱנוֹשׁ (H582)Construct chain (genitival)אֱנוֹשׁ (H582) 'from mankind'.
הֶאֱבַֽדְתָּyour perishingHiphil perf 2ms · אָבַד (H6)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actאָבַד (H6) 'your perishing'.
20

תִּתְקְפֵ֣הוּ לָ֭נֶצַח וַֽיַּהֲלֹ֑ךְ מְשַׁנֶּ֥ה פָ֝נָ֗יו וַֽתְּשַׁלְּחֵֽהוּ

You prevailest for ever against him, and he passeth: you changest his countenance, and sendest him away.

Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-orientedasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'prevail'.
Word-by-word analysis· 6 words
תִּתְקְפֵ֣הוּprevailQal impf 2ms + sfx 3ms · תָּקַף (H8630)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalתָּקַף (H8630) 'prevail'.
לָ֭נֶצַחalwayprep + N com m sg abs · נֶצַח (H5331)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)נֶצַח (H5331) 'alway'.
וַֽיַּהֲלֹ֑ךְgoingconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · הָלַךְ (H1980)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceהָלַךְ (H1980) 'going'.
מְשַׁנֶּ֥הbeing repeatedPiel ptc ms · שָׁנָה (H8138)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorשָׁנָה (H8138) 'being repeated'.
פָ֝נָ֗יוhis faceN c · פָּנִים (H6440)Construct chain (genitival)פָּנִים (H6440) 'his face'.
וַֽתְּשַׁלְּחֵֽהוּand he sentconj וְ + Piel wayyiqtol 2ms + sfx 3ms · שָׁלַח (H7971)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceשָׁלַח (H7971) 'and he sent'.
21

יִכְבְּד֣וּ בָ֭נָיו וְלֹ֣א יֵדָ֑ע וְ֝יִצְעֲר֗וּ וְֽלֹא יָבִ֥ין לָֽמוֹ

His sons come to honour, and he knoweth not; and they are brought low, but he perceiveth not of them.

Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'and he hardened'.
Word-by-word analysis· 8 words
יִכְבְּד֣וּand he hardenedQal impf 3mp · כָּבֵד (H3513)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalכָּבֵד (H3513) 'and he hardened'.
בָ֭נָיוhis sonsN c · בֵּן (H1121)Construct chain (genitival)בֵּן (H1121) 'his sons'.
וְלֹ֣אand notconj וְ + neg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'and not'.
יֵדָ֑עhe knewQal impf 3ms · יָדַע (H3045)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalיָדַע (H3045) 'he knew'.
וְ֝יִצְעֲר֗וּbe brought lowconj וְ + Qal impf 3mp · צָעַר (H6819)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalצָעַר (H6819) 'be brought low'.
וְֽלֹאand notconj וְ + neg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'and not'.
יָבִ֥יןdiscerningQal impf 3ms · בִּין (H995)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalבִּין (H995) 'discerning'.
לָֽמוֹfor themprep + sfx 3mpParticle or relational elementFunction word: 'for them'.
22

אַךְ בְּ֭שָׂרוֹ עָלָ֣יו יִכְאָ֑ב וְ֝נַפְשׁ֗וֹ עָלָ֥יו תֶּאֱבָֽל

But his flesh upon him shall have pain, and his soul within him shall mourn.

Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-orientedasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'in pain'. Closes the chapter.
Word-by-word analysis· 7 words
אַךְonlyparticle · אַךְ (H389)Particle or relational elementאַךְ (H389) 'only'.
בְּ֭שָׂרוֹhis bodyN c · בָּשָׂר (H1320)Construct chain (genitival)בָּשָׂר (H1320) 'his body'.
עָלָ֣יוon itprep + sfx 3ms · עַל (H5921)Particle or relational elementעַל (H5921) 'on it'.
יִכְאָ֑בin painQal impf 3ms · כָּאַב (H3510)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalכָּאַב (H3510) 'in pain'.
וְ֝נַפְשׁ֗וֹand his lifeconj וְ + N com c sg constr + sfx 3ms · נֶפֶשׁ (H5315)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)נֶפֶשׁ (H5315) 'and his life'.
עָלָ֥יוon itprep + sfx 3ms · עַל (H5921)Particle or relational elementעַל (H5921) 'on it'.
תֶּאֱבָֽלand they mournedQal impf 3fs · אָבַל (H56)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalאָבַל (H56) 'and they mourned'.