Hebrew Text · Translation · Interlinear · Discourse Structure

The Book of Jeremiah, Chapter 6ירמיהו 6

Each verse opens with the running Hebrew, an English translation, and a discourse note (its connective, relation, and role in the argument). Below follows the word-by-word breakdown in six tiers: gloss, case/state or parsing, syntax, semantic force, and a lexical note.

Case Nominative Genitive Dative Accusative Vocative Verb (no case) Indeclinable

Discourse notes head each verse: relation · connective · clause-flow. Indentation marks prominence — flush-left = main line of argument; indented = supporting / subordinate material.

Theme

Jeremiah 6 (30 verses in the MT) opens: O you children of Benjamin, gather yourselves to flee out of the midst of Jerusalem, and blow the trumpet in Tekoa, and set up a sign of fire in Bethhaccerem: for evil appeareth out of the north, and great destruction. The middle of the chapter continues: Thus says YHWH, Stand you in the ways, and see, and ask for the old paths, where the good way, and walk therein, and you shall find rest for your souls. But they said, We will not walk . It closes: Reprobate silver shall call them, because YHWH has rejected them.

Translation & textual notes

The Hebrew base text here follows the Masoretic Text in the Leningrad tradition as represented by the Westminster Leningrad Codex / MorphHB diplomatic stream imported from OSHB; distinctively copyrighted apparatus from BHS or BHQ is not reproduced. Jeremiah 6 comprises 30 verses in MT order. Movement I (vv. 1-6) — O you children of Benjamin, gather yourselves to flee out of the midst o. O you children of Benjamin, gather yourselves to flee out of the midst of Jerusalem, and blow the trumpet in Tekoa, and set up a sign of fire in Bethhaccerem: for evil appeareth out of the north, and great destruction. I have likened the daughter of Zion to a comely and delicate . The shepherds with their flocks shall come to her; they shall pitch tents. Movement II (vv. 7-12) — As a fountain casteth out her waters, so she casteth out her wickedness:. As a fountain casteth out her waters, so she casteth out her wickedness: violence and spoil is heard in her; before me continually grief and wounds. Be you instructed, O Jerusalem, lest my soul depart from you; lest I make you desolate, a land not inhabited. Thus says YHWH of hosts, They shall throughly glean the remnant of Israel as a vine: turn back your. Movement III (vv. 13-18) — For from the least of them even to the greatest of them every one given. For from the least of them even to the greatest of them every one given to covetousness; and from the prophet even to the priest every one dealeth falsely. They have healed also the hurt of my people slightly, saying, Peace, peace; when no peace. Were they ashamed when they had committed abomination? nay, they were not at all ashamed, neither could they. Movement IV (vv. 19-24) — Hear, O earth: behold, I will bring evil upon this people, the fruit of. Hear, O earth: behold, I will bring evil upon this people, the fruit of their thoughts, because they have not hearkened to my words, nor to my law, but rejected it. To what purpose cometh there to me incense from Sheba, and the sweet cane from a far country? your burnt offerings not acceptable, nor your sacrifices sweet to me. Therefore thus says YHWH,. Movement V (vv. 25-30) — Go not forth into the field, nor walk by the way; for the sword of the e. Go not forth into the field, nor walk by the way; for the sword of the enemy fear on every side. O daughter of my people, gird with sackcloth, and wallow thyself in ashes: make you mourning, an only son, most bitter lamentation: for the spoiler shall suddenly come upon us. I have set you a tower a fortress among my people, that you mayest know and try their. Where English printed Bibles divide verses differently, this annotation follows MT versification throughout.

1

הָעִ֣זוּ בְּנֵ֣י בִניָמִ֗ן מִקֶּ֨רֶב֙ יְר֣וּשָׁלִַ֔ם וּבִתְק֨וֹעַ֙ תִּקְע֣וּ שׁוֹפָ֔ר וְעַל בֵּ֥ית הַכֶּ֖רֶם שְׂא֣וּ מַשְׂאֵ֑ת כִּ֥י רָעָ֛ה נִשְׁקְפָ֥ה מִצָּפ֖וֹן וְשֶׁ֥בֶר גָּדֽוֹל

O you children of Benjamin, gather yourselves to flee out of the midst of Jerusalem, and blow the trumpet in Tekoa, and set up a sign of fire in Bethhaccerem: for evil appeareth out of the north, and great destruction.

Imperative — volitional addressasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Imperative — volitional address. Lead predicate is 'bring to safety'. Opens the chapter.
Word-by-word analysis· 19 words
הָעִ֣זוּbring to safetyHiphil impv 2mp · עוּז (H5756)Predicate verb (imperative)→ Volitional: imperativeעוּז (H5756) 'bring to safety'.
בְּנֵ֣יthe sons ofN c · בֵּן (H1121)Construct chain (genitival)בֵּן (H1121) 'the sons of'.
בִניָמִ֗ןBenjaminN · בִּנְיָמִן (H1144)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)בִּנְיָמִן (H1144) 'Benjamin'.
מִקֶּ֨רֶב֙from the midst ofprep + N com m sg constr · קֶרֶב (H7130)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)קֶרֶב (H7130) 'from the midst of'.
יְר֣וּשָׁלִַ֔םJerusalemN · יְרוּשָׁלִַם (H3389)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְרוּשָׁלִַם (H3389) 'Jerusalem'.
וּבִתְק֨וֹעַ֙Tekoaconj וְ + prep + N proper · תְּקוֹעַ (H8620)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)תְּקוֹעַ (H8620) 'Tekoa'.
תִּקְע֣וּblewQal impv 2mp · תָּקַע (H8628)Predicate verb (imperative)→ Volitional: imperativeתָּקַע (H8628) 'blew'.
שׁוֹפָ֔רthe horn ofN c · שׁוֹפָר (H7782)Construct chain (genitival)שׁוֹפָר (H7782) 'the horn of'.
וְעַלand onconj וְ + prep · עַל (H5921)Particle or relational elementעַל (H5921) 'and on'.
בֵּ֥יתBeth-hacceremN · בֵּית הַכֶּרֶם (H1021)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)בֵּית הַכֶּרֶם (H1021) 'Beth-haccerem'.
הַכֶּ֖רֶםBeth-hacceremN · בֵּית הַכֶּרֶם (H1021)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)בֵּית הַכֶּרֶם (H1021) 'Beth-haccerem'.
שְׂא֣וּtake upQal impv 2mp · נָשָׂא (H5375)Predicate verb (imperative)→ Volitional: imperativeנָשָׂא (H5375) 'take up'.
מַשְׂאֵ֑תportionsN c · מַשְׂאֵת (H4864)Construct chain (genitival)מַשְׂאֵת (H4864) 'portions'.
כִּ֥יforconj וְ · כִּי (H3588)Particle or relational elementכִּי (H3588) 'for'.
רָעָ֛הevilN c · רַע (H7451)Construct chain (genitival)רַע (H7451) 'evil'.
נִשְׁקְפָ֥הshe looked outN · שָׁקַף (H8259)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שָׁקַף (H8259) 'she looked out'.
מִצָּפ֖וֹןnorth ofprep + N com f sg abs · צָפוֹן (H6828)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)צָפוֹן (H6828) 'north of'.
וְשֶׁ֥בֶרa fracture ofconj וְ + N com m sg abs · שֶׁבֶר (H7667)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שֶׁבֶר (H7667) 'a fracture of'.
גָּדֽוֹלgreatAdj · גָּדוֹל (H1419)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)גָּדוֹל (H1419) 'great'.
2

הַנָּוָה֙ וְהַמְּעֻנָּגָ֔ה דָּמִ֖יתִי בַּת צִיּֽוֹן

I have likened the daughter of Zion to a comely and delicate .

Participle — attendant circumstance or substantival actorasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Participle — attendant circumstance or substantival actor. Lead predicate is 'from delicateness'.
Word-by-word analysis· 5 words
הַנָּוָה֙becomethart + Adj · נָאוֶה (H5000)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)נָאוֶה (H5000) 'becometh'.
וְהַמְּעֻנָּגָ֔הfrom delicatenessconj וְ + art + Pual ptc fs · עָנַג (H6026)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorעָנַג (H6026) 'from delicateness'.
דָּמִ֖יתִיceaseQal perf 1cs · דָּמָה (H1820)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actדָּמָה (H1820) 'cease'.
בַּתdaughter ofN c · בַּת (H1323)Construct chain (genitival)בַּת (H1323) 'daughter of'.
צִיּֽוֹןZionN · צִיּוֹן (H6726)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)צִיּוֹן (H6726) 'Zion'.
3

אֵלֶ֛יהָ יָבֹ֥אוּ רֹעִ֖ים וְעֶדְרֵיהֶ֑ם תָּקְע֨וּ עָלֶ֤יהָ אֹהָלִים֙ סָבִ֔יב רָע֖וּ אִ֥ישׁ אֶת יָדֽוֹ

The shepherds with their flocks shall come to her; they shall pitch tents against her round about; they shall feed every one in his place.

Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-orientedasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'shall go in'.
Word-by-word analysis· 12 words
אֵלֶ֛יהָto herprep + sfx 3fs · אֶל (H413)Particle or relational elementאֶל (H413) 'to her'.
יָבֹ֥אוּshall go inQal impf 3mp · בּוֹא (H935)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalבּוֹא (H935) 'shall go in'.
רֹעִ֖יםpasturingQal ptc mp · רָעָה (H7462)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorרָעָה (H7462) 'pasturing'.
וְעֶדְרֵיהֶ֑םdroveconj וְ + N com m pl constr + sfx 3mp · עֵדֶר (H5739)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עֵדֶר (H5739) 'drove'.
תָּקְע֨וּblewQal perf 3cp · תָּקַע (H8628)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actתָּקַע (H8628) 'blew'.
עָלֶ֤יהָon itprep + sfx 3fs · עַל (H5921)Particle or relational elementעַל (H5921) 'on it'.
אֹהָלִים֙tentsN c · אֹהֶל (H168)Construct chain (genitival)אֹהֶל (H168) 'tents'.
סָבִ֔יבall aroundN c · סָבִיב (H5439)Construct chain (genitival)סָבִיב (H5439) 'all around'.
רָע֖וּpasture themQal perf 3cp · רָעָה (H7462)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actרָעָה (H7462) 'pasture them'.
אִ֥ישׁa manN c · אִישׁ (H376)Construct chain (genitival)אִישׁ (H376) 'a man'.
אֶת(obj)obj marker · אֵת (H853)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H853) '(obj)'.
יָדֽוֹhis handN c · יָד (H3027)Construct chain (genitival)יָד (H3027) 'his hand'.
4

קַדְּשׁ֤וּ עָלֶ֨יהָ֙ מִלְחָמָ֔ה ק֖וּמוּ וְנַעֲלֶ֣ה בַֽצָּהֳרָ֑יִם א֥וֹי לָ֨נוּ֙ כִּי פָנָ֣ה הַיּ֔וֹם כִּ֥י יִנָּט֖וּ צִלְלֵי עָֽרֶב

Prepare you war against her; arise, and let us go up at noon. Woe to us! for the day goeth away, for the shadows of the evening are stretched out.

Imperative — volitional addressasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Imperative — volitional address. Lead predicate is 'they have become holy'.
Word-by-word analysis· 15 words
קַדְּשׁ֤וּthey have become holyPiel impv 2mp · קָדַשׁ (H6942)Predicate verb (imperative)→ Volitional: imperativeקָדַשׁ (H6942) 'they have become holy'.
עָלֶ֨יהָ֙on itprep + sfx 3fs · עַל (H5921)Particle or relational elementעַל (H5921) 'on it'.
מִלְחָמָ֔הwarN c · מִלְחָמָה (H4421)Construct chain (genitival)מִלְחָמָה (H4421) 'war'.
ק֖וּמוּrise up!Qal impv 2mp · קוּם (H6965)Predicate verb (imperative)→ Volitional: imperativeקוּם (H6965) 'rise up!'.
וְנַעֲלֶ֣הand was liftedconj וְ + Qal cohortative 1cp · עָלָה (H5927)Predicate verb (weqatal / cohortative)→ Weqatal/cohortative: sequential or volitionalעָלָה (H5927) 'and was lifted'.
בַֽצָּהֳרָ֑יִםat noonprep + art + N com m pl abs · צָהֳרַיִם (H6672)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)צָהֳרַיִם (H6672) 'at noon'.
א֥וֹיwoeparticle · אוֹי (H188)Particle or relational elementאוֹי (H188) 'woe'.
לָ֨נוּ֙to usprep + sfx 1cpParticle or relational elementFunction word: 'to us'.
כִּיforconj וְ · כִּי (H3588)Particle or relational elementכִּי (H3588) 'for'.
פָנָ֣הturnsQal perf 3ms · פָּנָה (H6437)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actפָּנָה (H6437) 'turns'.
הַיּ֔וֹםtodayart + N com m sg abs · יוֹם (H3117)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יוֹם (H3117) 'today'.
כִּ֥יforconj וְ · כִּי (H3588)Particle or relational elementכִּי (H3588) 'for'.
יִנָּט֖וּstretch outN · נָטָה (H5186)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)נָטָה (H5186) 'stretch out'.
צִלְלֵיshadowN c · צֵלֶל (H6752)Construct chain (genitival)צֵלֶל (H6752) 'shadow'.
עָֽרֶבeveningN c · עֶרֶב (H6153)Construct chain (genitival)עֶרֶב (H6153) 'evening'.
5

ק֚וּמוּ וְנַעֲלֶ֣ה בַלָּ֔יְלָה וְנַשְׁחִ֖יתָה אַרְמְנוֹתֶֽיהָ

Arise, and let us go by night, and let us destroy her palaces.

Imperative — volitional addressasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Imperative — volitional address. Lead predicate is 'rise up!'.
Word-by-word analysis· 5 words
ק֚וּמוּrise up!Qal impv 2mp · קוּם (H6965)Predicate verb (imperative)→ Volitional: imperativeקוּם (H6965) 'rise up!'.
וְנַעֲלֶ֣הand was liftedconj וְ + Qal cohortative 1cp · עָלָה (H5927)Predicate verb (weqatal / cohortative)→ Weqatal/cohortative: sequential or volitionalעָלָה (H5927) 'and was lifted'.
בַלָּ֔יְלָהin the nightprep + art + N com m sg abs · לַיְלָה (H3915)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)לַיְלָה (H3915) 'in the night'.
וְנַשְׁחִ֖יתָהto destroyconj וְ + Hiphil cohortative 1cp · שָׁחַת (H7843)Predicate verb (weqatal / cohortative)→ Weqatal/cohortative: sequential or volitionalשָׁחַת (H7843) 'to destroy'.
אַרְמְנוֹתֶֽיהָcastleN c · אַרְמוֹן (H759)Construct chain (genitival)אַרְמוֹן (H759) 'castle'.
6

כִּ֣י כֹ֤ה אָמַר֙ יְהוָ֣ה צְבָא֔וֹת כִּרְת֣וּ עֵצָ֔ה וְשִׁפְכ֥וּ עַל יְרוּשָׁלִַ֖ם סֹלְלָ֑ה הִ֚יא הָעִ֣יר הָפְקַ֔ד כֻּלָּ֖הּ עֹ֥שֶׁק בְּקִרְבָּֽהּ

For thus has YHWH of hosts said, Hew you down trees, and cast a mount against Jerusalem: this the city to be visited; she wholly oppression in the midst of her.

Qatal — perfective or stative predication
kî-clause (causal, recitative, or evidential). Qatal — perfective or stative predication. Lead predicate is 'he said'. Speech formula or quoted address.
Word-by-word analysis· 17 words
כִּ֣יforconj וְ · כִּי (H3588)Particle or relational elementכִּי (H3588) 'for'.
כֹ֤הthusart · כֹּה (H3541)Particle or relational elementכֹּה (H3541) 'thus'.
אָמַר֙he saidQal perf 3ms · אָמַר (H559)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actאָמַר (H559) 'he said'.
יְהוָ֣הYHWHN · יְהוָה (H3068)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוָה (H3068) 'YHWH'.
צְבָא֔וֹתof troopsN c · צָבָא (H6635)Construct chain (genitival)צָבָא (H6635) 'of troops'.
כִּרְת֣וּcut!Qal impv 2mp · כָּרַת (H3772)Predicate verb (imperative)→ Volitional: imperativeכָּרַת (H3772) 'cut!'.
עֵצָ֔הtreesN c · עֵצָה (H6097)Construct chain (genitival)עֵצָה (H6097) 'trees'.
וְשִׁפְכ֥וּand they shall pour outconj וְ + Qal impv 2mp · שָׁפַךְ (H8210)Predicate verb (imperative)→ Volitional: imperativeשָׁפַךְ (H8210) 'and they shall pour out'.
עַלonprep · עַל (H5921)Particle or relational elementעַל (H5921) 'on'.
יְרוּשָׁלִַ֖םJerusalemN · יְרוּשָׁלִַם (H3389)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְרוּשָׁלִַם (H3389) 'Jerusalem'.
סֹלְלָ֑הbankN c · סֹלְלָה (H5550)Construct chain (genitival)סֹלְלָה (H5550) 'bank'.
הִ֚יאthat ispron 3fs · הִיא (H1931)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)הִיא (H1931) 'that is'.
הָעִ֣ירthe cityart + N com f sg abs · עִיר (H5892)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עִיר (H5892) 'the city'.
הָפְקַ֔דwas entrustedHophal perf 3ms · פָּקַד (H6485)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actפָּקַד (H6485) 'was entrusted'.
כֻּלָּ֖הּall of itN c · כֹּל (H3605)Construct chain (genitival)כֹּל (H3605) 'all of it'.
עֹ֥שֶׁקthe extorted thingN c · עֹשֶׁק (H6233)Construct chain (genitival)עֹשֶׁק (H6233) 'the extorted thing'.
בְּקִרְבָּֽהּwithin herselfprep + N com m sg constr + sfx 3fs · קֶרֶב (H7130)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)קֶרֶב (H7130) 'within herself'.
7

כְּהָקִ֥יר בור בַּ֨יִר֙ מֵימֶ֔יהָ כֵּ֖ן הֵקֵ֣רָה רָעָתָ֑הּ חָמָ֣ס וָ֠שֹׁד יִשָּׁ֨מַע בָּ֧הּ עַל פָּנַ֛י תָּמִ֖יד חֳלִ֥י וּמַכָּֽה

As a fountain casteth out her waters, so she casteth out her wickedness: violence and spoil is heard in her; before me continually grief and wounds.

Infinitive construct — purpose, result, or complement
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Infinitive construct — purpose, result, or complement. Lead predicate is 'and shall tear down'.
Word-by-word analysis· 16 words
כְּהָקִ֥ירand shall tear downprep + Hiphil inf constr · קַרְקַר (H6979)Infinitive construct→ Infinitive construct: purpose, result, or complementקַרְקַר (H6979) 'and shall tear down'.
בורa pitN c · בּוֹר (H953)Construct chain (genitival)בּוֹר (H953) 'a pit'.
בַּ֨יִר֙the pitN c · בּוֹר (H953)Construct chain (genitival)בּוֹר (H953) 'the pit'.
מֵימֶ֔יהָwaterN c · מַיִם (H4325)Construct chain (genitival)מַיִם (H4325) 'water'.
כֵּ֖ןsoadv. · כֵּן (H3651)Particle or relational elementכֵּן (H3651) 'so'.
הֵקֵ֣רָהand shall tear downHiphil perf 3fs · קַרְקַר (H6979)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actקַרְקַר (H6979) 'and shall tear down'.
רָעָתָ֑הּthe evilN c · רַע (H7451)Construct chain (genitival)רַע (H7451) 'the evil'.
חָמָ֣סviolenceN c · חָמָס (H2555)Construct chain (genitival)חָמָס (H2555) 'violence'.
וָ֠שֹׁדdesolationconj וְ + N com m sg abs · שֹׁד (H7701)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שֹׁד (H7701) 'desolation'.
יִשָּׁ֨מַעwill listen/obeyN · שָׁמַע (H8085)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שָׁמַע (H8085) 'will listen/obey'.
בָּ֧הּin itprep + sfx 3fsParticle or relational elementFunction word: 'in it'.
עַלonprep · עַל (H5921)Particle or relational elementעַל (H5921) 'on'.
פָּנַ֛יthe face ofN c · פָּנִים (H6440)Construct chain (genitival)פָּנִים (H6440) 'the face of'.
תָּמִ֖ידcontinuallyN c · תָּמִיד (H8548)Construct chain (genitival)תָּמִיד (H8548) 'continually'.
חֳלִ֥יsicknessN c · חֳלִי (H2483)Construct chain (genitival)חֳלִי (H2483) 'sickness'.
וּמַכָּֽהa blowconj וְ + N com f sg abs · מַכָּה (H4347)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מַכָּה (H4347) 'a blow'.
8

הִוָּסְרִי֙ יְר֣וּשָׁלִַ֔ם פֶּן תֵּקַ֥ע נַפְשִׁ֖י מִמֵּ֑ךְ פֶּן אֲשִׂימֵ֣ךְ שְׁמָמָ֔ה אֶ֖רֶץ ל֥וֹא נוֹשָֽׁבָה

Be you instructed, O Jerusalem, lest my soul depart from you; lest I make you desolate, a land not inhabited.

Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'and was put out of joint'.
Word-by-word analysis· 12 words
הִוָּסְרִי֙and they disciplineN · יָסַר (H3256)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יָסַר (H3256) 'and they discipline'.
יְר֣וּשָׁלִַ֔םJerusalemN · יְרוּשָׁלִַם (H3389)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְרוּשָׁלִַם (H3389) 'Jerusalem'.
פֶּןlestconj וְ · פֶּן (H6435)Particle or relational elementפֶּן (H6435) 'lest'.
תֵּקַ֥עand was put out of jointQal impf 3fs · יָקַע (H3363)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalיָקַע (H3363) 'and was put out of joint'.
נַפְשִׁ֖יmy soulN c · נֶפֶשׁ (H5315)Construct chain (genitival)נֶפֶשׁ (H5315) 'my soul'.
מִמֵּ֑ךְfrom youprep + sfx 2fs · מִן (H4480)Particle or relational elementמִן (H4480) 'from you'.
פֶּןlestconj וְ · פֶּן (H6435)Particle or relational elementפֶּן (H6435) 'lest'.
אֲשִׂימֵ֣ךְI will make youQal impf 1cs + sfx 2fs · שִׂים (H7760)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalשִׂים (H7760) 'I will make you'.
שְׁמָמָ֔הa desolationN c · שְׁמָמָה (H8077)Construct chain (genitival)שְׁמָמָה (H8077) 'a desolation'.
אֶ֖רֶץthe land ofN c · אֶרֶץ (H776)Construct chain (genitival)אֶרֶץ (H776) 'the land of'.
ל֥וֹאnotneg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'not'.
נוֹשָֽׁבָהthe inhabitants ofN · יָשַׁב (H3427)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יָשַׁב (H3427) 'the inhabitants of'.
9

כֹּ֤ה אָמַר֙ יְהֹוָ֣ה צְבָא֔וֹת עוֹלֵ֛ל יְעוֹלְל֥וּ כַגֶּ֖פֶן שְׁאֵרִ֣ית יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל הָשֵׁב֙ יָדְךָ֔ כְּבוֹצֵ֖ר עַל סַלְסִלּֽוֹת

Thus says YHWH of hosts, They shall throughly glean the remnant of Israel as a vine: turn back your hand as a grapegatherer into the baskets.

Qatal — perfective or stative predicationasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Qatal — perfective or stative predication. Lead predicate is 'he said'. Speech formula or quoted address.
Word-by-word analysis· 14 words
כֹּ֤הthusart · כֹּה (H3541)Particle or relational elementכֹּה (H3541) 'thus'.
אָמַר֙he saidQal perf 3ms · אָמַר (H559)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actאָמַר (H559) 'he said'.
יְהֹוָ֣הYHWHN · יְהוָה (H3068)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוָה (H3068) 'YHWH'.
צְבָא֔וֹתof troopsN c · צָבָא (H6635)Construct chain (genitival)צָבָא (H6635) 'of troops'.
עוֹלֵ֛לyou shall glean it a second timePoel inf abs · עָלַל (H5953)Infinitive absolute→ Infinitive absolute: emphasis or attendant actionעָלַל (H5953) 'you shall glean it a second time'.
יְעוֹלְל֥וּyou shall glean it a second timePoel impf 3mp · עָלַל (H5953)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalעָלַל (H5953) 'you shall glean it a second time'.
כַגֶּ֖פֶןfrom the vine ofprep + art + N com c sg abs · גֶּפֶן (H1612)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)גֶּפֶן (H1612) 'from the vine of'.
שְׁאֵרִ֣יתa remnantN c · שְׁאֵרִית (H7611)Construct chain (genitival)שְׁאֵרִית (H7611) 'a remnant'.
יִשְׂרָאֵ֑לIsraelN · יִשְׂרָאֵל (H3478)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יִשְׂרָאֵל (H3478) 'Israel'.
הָשֵׁב֙surelyHiphil impv 2ms · שׁוּב (H7725)Predicate verb (imperative)→ Volitional: imperativeשׁוּב (H7725) 'surely'.
יָדְךָ֔your handN c · יָד (H3027)Construct chain (genitival)יָד (H3027) 'your hand'.
כְּבוֹצֵ֖רfortifiedprep + Qal ptc ms · בָּצוּר (H1219)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorבָּצוּר (H1219) 'fortified'.
עַלonprep · עַל (H5921)Particle or relational elementעַל (H5921) 'on'.
סַלְסִלּֽוֹתbasketN c · סַלְסִלָּה (H5552)Construct chain (genitival)סַלְסִלָּה (H5552) 'basket'.
10

עַל מִ֨י אֲדַבְּרָ֤ה וְאָעִ֨ידָה֙ וְיִשְׁמָ֔עוּ הִנֵּה֙ עֲרֵלָ֣ה אָזְנָ֔ם וְלֹ֥א יוּכְל֖וּ לְהַקְשִׁ֑יב הִנֵּ֣ה דְבַר יְהוָ֗ה הָיָ֥ה לָהֶ֛ם לְחֶרְפָּ֖ה לֹ֥א יַחְפְּצוּ בֽוֹ

To whom shall I speak, and give warning, that they may hear? behold, their ear uncircumcised, and they cannot hearken: behold, the word of YHWH is to them a reproach; they have no delight in it.

Weqatal / cohortative — sequential or volitionalasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Weqatal / cohortative — sequential or volitional. Lead predicate is 'and he spoke'. Speech formula or quoted address.
Word-by-word analysis· 20 words
עַלonprep · עַל (H5921)Particle or relational elementעַל (H5921) 'on'.
מִ֨יwhointerrog. · מִי (H4310)Particle or relational elementמִי (H4310) 'who'.
אֲדַבְּרָ֤הand he spokePiel cohortative 1cs · דִּבֶּר (H1696)Predicate verb (weqatal / cohortative)→ Weqatal/cohortative: sequential or volitionalדִּבֶּר (H1696) 'and he spoke'.
וְאָעִ֨ידָה֙and I may call to witnessconj וְ + Hiphil cohortative 1cs · עוּד (H5749)Predicate verb (weqatal / cohortative)→ Weqatal/cohortative: sequential or volitionalעוּד (H5749) 'and I may call to witness'.
וְיִשְׁמָ֔עוּand they heardconj וְ + Qal impf 3mp · שָׁמַע (H8085)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalשָׁמַע (H8085) 'and they heard'.
הִנֵּה֙beholdadv. · הִנֵּה (H2009)Particle or relational elementהִנֵּה (H2009) 'behold'.
עֲרֵלָ֣הam uncircumcised ofAdj · עָרֵל (H6189)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עָרֵל (H6189) 'am uncircumcised of'.
אָזְנָ֔םtheir earN c · אֹזֶן (H241)Construct chain (genitival)אֹזֶן (H241) 'their ear'.
וְלֹ֥אand notconj וְ + neg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'and not'.
יוּכְל֖וּwere able [Kethiv]Qal impf 3mp · יָכֹל (H3201)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalיָכֹל (H3201) 'were able [Kethiv]'.
לְהַקְשִׁ֑יבtoprep + Hiphil inf constr · קָשַׁב (H7181)Infinitive construct→ Infinitive construct: purpose, result, or complementקָשַׁב (H7181) 'to'.
הִנֵּ֣הbeholdadv. · הִנֵּה (H2009)Particle or relational elementהִנֵּה (H2009) 'behold'.
דְבַרthe matter ofN c · דָּבָר (H1697)Construct chain (genitival)דָּבָר (H1697) 'the matter of'.
יְהוָ֗הYHWHN · יְהוָה (H3068)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוָה (H3068) 'YHWH'.
הָיָ֥הwasQal perf 3ms · הָיָה (H1961)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actהָיָה (H1961) 'was'.
לָהֶ֛םto themprep + sfx 3mpParticle or relational elementFunction word: 'to them'.
לְחֶרְפָּ֖הa reproachprep + N com f sg abs · חֶרְפָּה (H2781)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)חֶרְפָּה (H2781) 'a reproach'.
לֹ֥אnotneg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'not'.
יַחְפְּצוּhe delightedQal impf 3mp · חָפֵץ (H2654)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalחָפֵץ (H2654) 'he delighted'.
בֽוֹin itprep + sfx 3msParticle or relational elementFunction word: 'in it'.
11

וְאֵת֩ חֲמַ֨ת יְהוָ֤ה מָלֵ֨אתִי֙ נִלְאֵ֣יתִי הָכִ֔יל שְׁפֹ֤ךְ עַל עוֹלָל֙ בַּח֔וּץ וְעַ֛ל ס֥וֹד בַּחוּרִ֖ים יַחְדָּ֑ו כִּֽי גַם אִ֤ישׁ עִם אִשָּׁה֙ יִלָּכֵ֔דוּ זָקֵ֖ן עִם מְלֵ֥א יָמִֽים

Therefore I am full of the fury of YHWH; I am weary with holding in: I will pour it out upon the children abroad, and upon the assembly of young men together: for even the husband with the wife shall be taken, the aged with full of days.

Qatal — perfective or stative predication
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Qatal — perfective or stative predication. Lead predicate is 'full'.
Word-by-word analysis· 24 words
וְאֵת֩and [obj]conj וְ + obj marker · אֵת (H853)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H853) 'and [obj]'.
חֲמַ֨תthe venom ofN c · חֵמָה (H2534)Construct chain (genitival)חֵמָה (H2534) 'the venom of'.
יְהוָ֤הYHWHN · יְהוָה (H3068)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוָה (H3068) 'YHWH'.
מָלֵ֨אתִי֙fullQal perf 1cs · מָלֵא (H4392)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actמָלֵא (H4392) 'full'.
נִלְאֵ֣יתִיand they will be unableN · לָאָה (H3811)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)לָאָה (H3811) 'and they will be unable'.
הָכִ֔ילand I will provideHiphil inf constr · כּוּל (H3557)Infinitive construct→ Infinitive construct: purpose, result, or complementכּוּל (H3557) 'and I will provide'.
שְׁפֹ֤ךְone who shedsQal impv 2ms · שָׁפַךְ (H8210)Predicate verb (imperative)→ Volitional: imperativeשָׁפַךְ (H8210) 'one who sheds'.
עַלonprep · עַל (H5921)Particle or relational elementעַל (H5921) 'on'.
עוֹלָל֙fromN c · עוֹלֵל (H5768)Construct chain (genitival)עוֹלֵל (H5768) 'from'.
בַּח֔וּץoutsideprep + art + N com m sg abs · חוּץ (H2351)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)חוּץ (H2351) 'outside'.
וְעַ֛לand onconj וְ + prep · עַל (H5921)Particle or relational elementעַל (H5921) 'and on'.
ס֥וֹדin their councilN c · סוֹד (H5475)Construct chain (genitival)סוֹד (H5475) 'in their council'.
בַּחוּרִ֖יםyoung manN c · בָּחוּר (H970)Construct chain (genitival)בָּחוּר (H970) 'young man'.
יַחְדָּ֑וtogetherart · יַחְדָּו (H3162)Particle or relational elementיַחְדָּו (H3162) 'together'.
כִּֽיforconj וְ · כִּי (H3588)Particle or relational elementכִּי (H3588) 'for'.
גַםalsoart · גַּם (H1571)Particle or relational elementגַּם (H1571) 'also'.
אִ֤ישׁa manN c · אִישׁ (H376)Construct chain (genitival)אִישׁ (H376) 'a man'.
עִםwithprep · עִם (H5973)Particle or relational elementעִם (H5973) 'with'.
אִשָּׁה֙a womanN c · אִשָּׁה (H802)Construct chain (genitival)אִשָּׁה (H802) 'a woman'.
יִלָּכֵ֔דוּand was takenN · לָכַד (H3920)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)לָכַד (H3920) 'and was taken'.
זָקֵ֖ןoldAdj · זָקֵן (H2205)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)זָקֵן (H2205) 'old'.
עִםwithprep · עִם (H5973)Particle or relational elementעִם (H5973) 'with'.
מְלֵ֥אhe wholly followedAdj · מָלֵא (H4390)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מָלֵא (H4390) 'he wholly followed'.
יָמִֽיםdaysN c · יוֹם (H3117)Construct chain (genitival)יוֹם (H3117) 'days'.
12

וְנָסַ֤בּוּ בָֽתֵּיהֶם֙ לַאֲחֵרִ֔ים שָׂד֥וֹת וְנָשִׁ֖ים יַחְדָּ֑ו כִּֽי אַטֶּ֧ה אֶת יָדִ֛י עַל יֹשְׁבֵ֥י הָאָ֖רֶץ נְאֻם יְהוָֽה

And their houses shall be turned to others, fields and wives together: for I will stretch out my hand upon the inhabitants of the land, says YHWH.

Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'stretch out'.
Word-by-word analysis· 15 words
וְנָסַ֤בּוּand will surroundconj וְ + Niphal q 3cp · סָבַב (H5437)Particle or relational elementסָבַב (H5437) 'and will surround'.
בָֽתֵּיהֶם֙their householdsN c · בַּיִת (H1004)Construct chain (genitival)בַּיִת (H1004) 'their households'.
לַאֲחֵרִ֔יםotherprep + Adj · אַחֵר (H312)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אַחֵר (H312) 'other'.
שָׂד֥וֹתthe fieldN c · שָׂדֶה (H7704)Construct chain (genitival)שָׂדֶה (H7704) 'the field'.
וְנָשִׁ֖יםthe womanconj וְ + N com f pl abs · אִשָּׁה (H802)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אִשָּׁה (H802) 'the woman'.
יַחְדָּ֑וtogetherart · יַחְדָּו (H3162)Particle or relational elementיַחְדָּו (H3162) 'together'.
כִּֽיforconj וְ · כִּי (H3588)Particle or relational elementכִּי (H3588) 'for'.
אַטֶּ֧הstretch outHiphil impf 1cs · נָטָה (H5186)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalנָטָה (H5186) 'stretch out'.
אֶת(obj)obj marker · אֵת (H853)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H853) '(obj)'.
יָדִ֛יmy handN c · יָד (H3027)Construct chain (genitival)יָד (H3027) 'my hand'.
עַלonprep · עַל (H5921)Particle or relational elementעַל (H5921) 'on'.
יֹשְׁבֵ֥יthe inhabitants ofQal ptc mp · יָשַׁב (H3427)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorיָשַׁב (H3427) 'the inhabitants of'.
הָאָ֖רֶץthe landart + N com c sg abs · אֶרֶץ (H776)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֶרֶץ (H776) 'the land'.
נְאֻםutterance ofN c · נְאֻם (H5002)Construct chain (genitival)נְאֻם (H5002) 'utterance of'.
יְהוָֽהYHWHN · יְהוָה (H3068)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוָה (H3068) 'YHWH'.
13

כִּ֤י מִקְּטַנָּם֙ וְעַד גְּדוֹלָ֔ם כֻּלּ֖וֹ בּוֹצֵ֣עַ בָּ֑צַע וּמִנָּבִיא֙ וְעַד כֹּהֵ֔ן כֻּלּ֖וֹ עֹ֥שֶׂה שָּֽׁקֶר

For from the least of them even to the greatest of them every one given to covetousness; and from the prophet even to the priest every one dealeth falsely.

Participle — attendant circumstance or substantival actor
kî-clause (causal, recitative, or evidential). Participle — attendant circumstance or substantival actor. Lead predicate is 'cut'.
Word-by-word analysis· 13 words
כִּ֤יforconj וְ · כִּי (H3588)Particle or relational elementכִּי (H3588) 'for'.
מִקְּטַנָּם֙the youngestprep + Adj + sfx 3mp · קָטֹן (H6996)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)קָטֹן (H6996) 'the youngest'.
וְעַדand toconj וְ + prep · עַד (H5704)Particle or relational elementעַד (H5704) 'and to'.
גְּדוֹלָ֔םgreatAdj · גָּדוֹל (H1419)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)גָּדוֹל (H1419) 'great'.
כֻּלּ֖וֹall of itN c · כֹּל (H3605)Construct chain (genitival)כֹּל (H3605) 'all of it'.
בּוֹצֵ֣עַcutQal ptc ms · בָּצַע (H1214)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorבָּצַע (H1214) 'cut'.
בָּ֑צַעunjust gainN c · בֶּצַע (H1215)Construct chain (genitival)בֶּצַע (H1215) 'unjust gain'.
וּמִנָּבִיא֙a prophetconj וְ + prep + N com m sg abs · נָבִיא (H5030)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)נָבִיא (H5030) 'a prophet'.
וְעַדand toconj וְ + prep · עַד (H5704)Particle or relational elementעַד (H5704) 'and to'.
כֹּהֵ֔ןpriest ofN c · כֹּהֵן (H3548)Construct chain (genitival)כֹּהֵן (H3548) 'priest of'.
כֻּלּ֖וֹall of itN c · כֹּל (H3605)Construct chain (genitival)כֹּל (H3605) 'all of it'.
עֹ֥שֶׂהhe didQal ptc ms · עָשָׂה (H6213)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorעָשָׂה (H6213) 'he did'.
שָּֽׁקֶרfalsehoodN c · שֶׁקֶר (H8267)Construct chain (genitival)שֶׁקֶר (H8267) 'falsehood'.
14

וַֽיְרַפְּא֞וּ אֶת שֶׁ֤בֶר עַמִּי֙ עַל נְקַלָּ֔ה לֵאמֹ֖ר שָׁל֣וֹם שָׁל֑וֹם וְאֵ֖ין שָׁלֽוֹם

They have healed also the hurt of my people slightly, saying, Peace, peace; when no peace.

Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action. Lead predicate is 'to be healed'. Speech formula or quoted address.
Word-by-word analysis· 11 words
וַֽיְרַפְּא֞וּto be healedconj וְ + Piel wayyiqtol 3mp · רָפָא (H7495)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceרָפָא (H7495) 'to be healed'.
אֶת(obj)obj marker · אֵת (H853)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H853) '(obj)'.
שֶׁ֤בֶרa fracture ofN c · שֶׁבֶר (H7667)Construct chain (genitival)שֶׁבֶר (H7667) 'a fracture of'.
עַמִּי֙my peopleN c · עַם (H5971)Construct chain (genitival)עַם (H5971) 'my people'.
עַלonprep · עַל (H5921)Particle or relational elementעַל (H5921) 'on'.
נְקַלָּ֔הto curseN · קָלַל (H7043)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)קָלַל (H7043) 'to curse'.
לֵאמֹ֖רsayingprep + Qal inf constr · אָמַר (H559)Infinitive construct→ Infinitive construct: purpose, result, or complementאָמַר (H559) 'saying'.
שָׁל֣וֹםpeaceN c · שָׁלוֹם (H7965)Construct chain (genitival)שָׁלוֹם (H7965) 'peace'.
שָׁל֑וֹםpeaceN c · שָׁלוֹם (H7965)Construct chain (genitival)שָׁלוֹם (H7965) 'peace'.
וְאֵ֖יןand there is noconj וְ + neg. · אַיִן (H369)Particle or relational elementאַיִן (H369) 'and there is no'.
שָׁלֽוֹםpeaceN c · שָׁלוֹם (H7965)Construct chain (genitival)שָׁלוֹם (H7965) 'peace'.
15

הֹבִ֕ישׁוּ כִּ֥י תוֹעֵבָ֖ה עָשׂ֑וּ גַּם בּ֣וֹשׁ לֹֽא יֵב֗וֹשׁוּ גַּם הַכְלִים֙ לֹ֣א יָדָ֔עוּ לָכֵ֞ן יִפְּל֧וּ בַנֹּפְלִ֛ים בְּעֵת פְּקַדְתִּ֥ים יִכָּשְׁל֖וּ אָמַ֥ר יְהוָֽה

Were they ashamed when they had committed abomination? nay, they were not at all ashamed, neither could they blush: therefore they shall fall among them that fall: at the time I visit them they shall be cast down, says YHWH.

Qatal — perfective or stative predicationasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Qatal — perfective or stative predication. Lead predicate is 'was dry'.
Word-by-word analysis· 20 words
הֹבִ֕ישׁוּwas dryHiphil perf 3cp · יָבֵשׁ (H3001)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actיָבֵשׁ (H3001) 'was dry'.
כִּ֥יforconj וְ · כִּי (H3588)Particle or relational elementכִּי (H3588) 'for'.
תוֹעֵבָ֖הan abominationN c · תּוֹעֵבָה (H8441)Construct chain (genitival)תּוֹעֵבָה (H8441) 'an abomination'.
עָשׂ֑וּthey didQal perf 3cp · עָשָׂה (H6213)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actעָשָׂה (H6213) 'they did'.
גַּםalsoparticle · גַּם (H1571)Particle or relational elementגַּם (H1571) 'also'.
בּ֣וֹשׁbeing ashamedQal inf abs · בּוּשׁ (H954)Infinitive absolute→ Infinitive absolute: emphasis or attendant actionבּוּשׁ (H954) 'being ashamed'.
לֹֽאnotneg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'not'.
יֵב֗וֹשׁוּwere ashamedQal impf 3mp · בּוּשׁ (H954)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalבּוּשׁ (H954) 'were ashamed'.
גַּםalsoparticle · גַּם (H1571)Particle or relational elementגַּם (H1571) 'also'.
הַכְלִים֙you have humiliated meHiphil inf constr · כָּלַם (H3637)Infinitive construct→ Infinitive construct: purpose, result, or complementכָּלַם (H3637) 'you have humiliated me'.
לֹ֣אnotneg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'not'.
יָדָ֔עוּhave knownQal perf 3cp · יָדַע (H3045)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actיָדַע (H3045) 'have known'.
לָכֵ֞ןthereforeprep + art · כֵּן (H3651)Particle or relational elementכֵּן (H3651) 'therefore'.
יִפְּל֧וּshall fallQal impf 3mp · נָפַל (H5307)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalנָפַל (H5307) 'shall fall'.
בַנֹּפְלִ֛יםand he fellprep + art + Qal ptc mp · נָפַל (H5307)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorנָפַל (H5307) 'and he fell'.
בְּעֵתat the timeprep + N com c sg constr · עֵת (H6256)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עֵת (H6256) 'at the time'.
פְּקַדְתִּ֥יםtheir mustered (men)Qal perf 1cs + sfx 3mp · פָּקַד (H6485)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actפָּקַד (H6485) 'their mustered (men)'.
יִכָּשְׁל֖וּand they shall stumbleN · כָּשַׁל (H3782)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)כָּשַׁל (H3782) 'and they shall stumble'.
אָמַ֥רhe saidQal perf 3ms · אָמַר (H559)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actאָמַר (H559) 'he said'.
יְהוָֽהYHWHN · יְהוָה (H3068)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוָה (H3068) 'YHWH'.
16

כֹּ֣ה אָמַ֣ר יְהוָ֡ה עִמְדוּ֩ עַל דְּרָכִ֨ים וּרְא֜וּ וְשַׁאֲל֣וּ לִנְתִב֣וֹת עוֹלָ֗ם אֵי זֶ֨ה דֶ֤רֶךְ הַטּוֹב֙ וּלְכוּ בָ֔הּ וּמִצְא֥וּ מַרְגּ֖וֹעַ לְנַפְשְׁכֶ֑ם וַיֹּאמְר֖וּ לֹ֥א נֵלֵֽךְ

Thus says YHWH, Stand you in the ways, and see, and ask for the old paths, where the good way, and walk therein, and you shall find rest for your souls. But they said, We will not walk .

Qatal — perfective or stative predicationasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Qatal — perfective or stative predication. Lead predicate is 'he said'. Speech formula or quoted address.
Word-by-word analysis· 22 words
כֹּ֣הthusart · כֹּה (H3541)Particle or relational elementכֹּה (H3541) 'thus'.
אָמַ֣רhe saidQal perf 3ms · אָמַר (H559)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actאָמַר (H559) 'he said'.
יְהוָ֡הYHWHN · יְהוָה (H3068)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוָה (H3068) 'YHWH'.
עִמְדוּ֩his standingQal impv 2mp · עָמַד (H5975)Predicate verb (imperative)→ Volitional: imperativeעָמַד (H5975) 'his standing'.
עַלonprep · עַל (H5921)Particle or relational elementעַל (H5921) 'on'.
דְּרָכִ֨יםwaysN c · דֶּרֶךְ (H1870)Construct chain (genitival)דֶּרֶךְ (H1870) 'ways'.
וּרְא֜וּand they will seeconj וְ + Qal impv 2mp · רָאָה (H7200)Predicate verb (imperative)→ Volitional: imperativeרָאָה (H7200) 'and they will see'.
וְשַׁאֲל֣וּaskconj וְ + Qal impv 2mp · שָׁאַל (H7592)Predicate verb (imperative)→ Volitional: imperativeשָׁאַל (H7592) 'ask'.
לִנְתִב֣וֹתmy pathsprep + N com c pl constr · נְתִיבָה (H5410)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)נְתִיבָה (H5410) 'my paths'.
עוֹלָ֗םperpetuityN c · עוֹלָם (H5769)Construct chain (genitival)עוֹלָם (H5769) 'perpetuity'.
אֵיwhereinterrog. · אֵי (H335)Particle or relational elementאֵי (H335) 'where'.
זֶ֨הthisdem. pron xms · זֶה (H2088)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)זֶה (H2088) 'this'.
דֶ֤רֶךְthe way ofN c · דֶּרֶךְ (H1870)Construct chain (genitival)דֶּרֶךְ (H1870) 'the way of'.
הַטּוֹב֙the goodart + Adj · טוֹב (H2896)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)טוֹב (H2896) 'the good'.
וּלְכוּand goconj וְ + Qal impv 2mp · הָלַךְ (H3212)Predicate verb (imperative)→ Volitional: imperativeהָלַךְ (H3212) 'and go'.
בָ֔הּin itprep + sfx 3fsParticle or relational elementFunction word: 'in it'.
וּמִצְא֥וּI have foundconj וְ + Qal impv 2mp · מָצָא (H4672)Predicate verb (imperative)→ Volitional: imperativeמָצָא (H4672) 'I have found'.
מַרְגּ֖וֹעַrestN c · מַרְגּוֹעַ (H4771)Construct chain (genitival)מַרְגּוֹעַ (H4771) 'rest'.
לְנַפְשְׁכֶ֑םyour soulprep + N com c sg constr + sfx 2mp · נֶפֶשׁ (H5315)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)נֶפֶשׁ (H5315) 'your soul'.
וַיֹּאמְר֖וּand they saidconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3mp · אָמַר (H559)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceאָמַר (H559) 'and they said'.
לֹ֥אnotneg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'not'.
נֵלֵֽךְwe will goQal impf 1cp · הָלַךְ (H3212)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalהָלַךְ (H3212) 'we will go'.
17

וַהֲקִמֹתִ֤י עֲלֵיכֶם֙ צֹפִ֔ים הַקְשִׁ֖יבוּ לְק֣וֹל שׁוֹפָ֑ר וַיֹּאמְר֖וּ לֹ֥א נַקְשִֽׁיב

Also I set watchmen over you, , Hearken to the sound of the trumpet. But they said, We will not hearken.

Participle — attendant circumstance or substantival actor
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Participle — attendant circumstance or substantival actor. Lead predicate is 'may watch'. Speech formula or quoted address.
Word-by-word analysis· 9 words
וַהֲקִמֹתִ֤יand I will establishconj וְ + Hiphil q 1cs · קוּם (H6965)Particle or relational elementקוּם (H6965) 'and I will establish'.
עֲלֵיכֶם֙against youprep + sfx 2mp · עַל (H5921)Particle or relational elementעַל (H5921) 'against you'.
צֹפִ֔יםmay watchQal ptc mp · צָפָה (H6822)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorצָפָה (H6822) 'may watch'.
הַקְשִׁ֖יבוּtoHiphil impv 2mp · קָשַׁב (H7181)Predicate verb (imperative)→ Volitional: imperativeקָשַׁב (H7181) 'to'.
לְק֣וֹלto the voice ofprep + N com m sg constr · קוֹל (H6963)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)קוֹל (H6963) 'to the voice of'.
שׁוֹפָ֑רthe horn ofN c · שׁוֹפָר (H7782)Construct chain (genitival)שׁוֹפָר (H7782) 'the horn of'.
וַיֹּאמְר֖וּand they saidconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3mp · אָמַר (H559)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceאָמַר (H559) 'and they said'.
לֹ֥אnotneg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'not'.
נַקְשִֽׁיבtoHiphil impf 1cp · קָשַׁב (H7181)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalקָשַׁב (H7181) 'to'.
18

לָכֵ֖ן שִׁמְע֣וּ הַגּוֹיִ֑ם וּדְעִ֥י עֵדָ֖ה אֶת אֲשֶׁר בָּֽם

Therefore hear, you nations, and know, O congregation, what among them.

Imperative — volitional addressasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Imperative — volitional address. Lead predicate is 'his hearing'.
Word-by-word analysis· 8 words
לָכֵ֖ןthereforeprep + art · כֵּן (H3651)Particle or relational elementכֵּן (H3651) 'therefore'.
שִׁמְע֣וּhis hearingQal impv 2mp · שָׁמַע (H8085)Predicate verb (imperative)→ Volitional: imperativeשָׁמַע (H8085) 'his hearing'.
הַגּוֹיִ֑םthe nationsart + N com m pl abs · גּוֹי (H1471)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)גּוֹי (H1471) 'the nations'.
וּדְעִ֥יI knowconj וְ + Qal impv 2fs · יָדַע (H3045)Predicate verb (imperative)→ Volitional: imperativeיָדַע (H3045) 'I know'.
עֵדָ֖הcongregationN c · עֵדָה (H5712)Construct chain (genitival)עֵדָה (H5712) 'congregation'.
אֶת(obj)obj marker · אֵת (H853)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H853) '(obj)'.
אֲשֶׁרthatrel. שֶׁ · אֲשֶׁר (H834)Particle or relational elementאֲשֶׁר (H834) 'that'.
בָּֽםagainst themprep + sfx 3mpParticle or relational elementFunction word: 'against them'.
19

שִׁמְעִ֣י הָאָ֔רֶץ הִנֵּ֨ה אָנֹכִ֜י מֵבִ֥יא רָעָ֛ה אֶל הָעָ֥ם הַזֶּ֖ה פְּרִ֣י מַחְשְׁבוֹתָ֑ם כִּ֤י עַל דְּבָרַי֙ לֹ֣א הִקְשִׁ֔יבוּ וְתוֹרָתִ֖י וַיִּמְאֲסוּ בָֽהּ

Hear, O earth: behold, I will bring evil upon this people, the fruit of their thoughts, because they have not hearkened to my words, nor to my law, but rejected it.

Imperative — volitional address
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Imperative — volitional address. Lead predicate is 'and he heard'.
Word-by-word analysis· 19 words
שִׁמְעִ֣יand he heardQal impv 2fs · שָׁמַע (H8085)Predicate verb (imperative)→ Volitional: imperativeשָׁמַע (H8085) 'and he heard'.
הָאָ֔רֶץthe landart + N com c sg abs · אֶרֶץ (H776)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֶרֶץ (H776) 'the land'.
הִנֵּ֨הbeholdadv. · הִנֵּה (H2009)Particle or relational elementהִנֵּה (H2009) 'behold'.
אָנֹכִ֜יIpron 1cs · אָנֹכִי (H595)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אָנֹכִי (H595) 'I'.
מֵבִ֥יאam bringingHiphil ptc ms · בּוֹא (H935)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorבּוֹא (H935) 'am bringing'.
רָעָ֛הevilN c · רַע (H7451)Construct chain (genitival)רַע (H7451) 'evil'.
אֶלtoprep · אֶל (H413)Particle or relational elementאֶל (H413) 'to'.
הָעָ֥םthe peopleart + N com m sg abs · עַם (H5971)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עַם (H5971) 'the people'.
הַזֶּ֖הthisart + dem. pron xms · זֶה (H2088)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)זֶה (H2088) 'this'.
פְּרִ֣יthe fruit ofN c · פְּרִי (H6529)Construct chain (genitival)פְּרִי (H6529) 'the fruit of'.
מַחְשְׁבוֹתָ֑םdesignsN c · מַחֲשָׁבָה (H4284)Construct chain (genitival)מַחֲשָׁבָה (H4284) 'designs'.
כִּ֤יforconj וְ · כִּי (H3588)Particle or relational elementכִּי (H3588) 'for'.
עַלonprep · עַל (H5921)Particle or relational elementעַל (H5921) 'on'.
דְּבָרַי֙the words ofN c · דָּבָר (H1697)Construct chain (genitival)דָּבָר (H1697) 'the words of'.
לֹ֣אnotneg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'not'.
הִקְשִׁ֔יבוּtoHiphil perf 3cp · קָשַׁב (H7181)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actקָשַׁב (H7181) 'to'.
וְתוֹרָתִ֖יand my lawsconj וְ + N com f sg constr + sfx 1cs · תּוֹרָה (H8451)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)תּוֹרָה (H8451) 'and my laws'.
וַיִּמְאֲסוּdespiseconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3mp · מָאַס (H3988)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceמָאַס (H3988) 'despise'.
בָֽהּin itprep + sfx 3fsParticle or relational elementFunction word: 'in it'.
20

לָמָּה זֶּ֨ה לִ֤י לְבוֹנָה֙ מִשְּׁבָ֣א תָב֔וֹא וְקָנֶ֥ה הַטּ֖וֹב מֵאֶ֣רֶץ מֶרְחָ֑ק עֹלֽוֹתֵיכֶם֙ לֹ֣א לְרָצ֔וֹן וְזִבְחֵיכֶ֖ם לֹא עָ֥רְבוּ לִֽי

To what purpose cometh there to me incense from Sheba, and the sweet cane from a far country? your burnt offerings not acceptable, nor your sacrifices sweet to me.

Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-orientedasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'you come'.
Word-by-word analysis· 17 words
לָמָּהwhyprep + interrog. · מָה (H4100)Particle or relational elementמָה (H4100) 'why'.
זֶּ֨הthisdem. pron xms · זֶה (H2088)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)זֶה (H2088) 'this'.
לִ֤יto meprep + sfx 1csParticle or relational elementFunction word: 'to me'.
לְבוֹנָה֙frankincenseN c · לְבֹנָה (H3828)Construct chain (genitival)לְבֹנָה (H3828) 'frankincense'.
מִשְּׁבָ֣אShebaprep + N proper · שְׁבָא (H7614)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שְׁבָא (H7614) 'Sheba'.
תָב֔וֹאyou comeQal impf 3fs · בּוֹא (H935)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalבּוֹא (H935) 'you come'.
וְקָנֶ֥הand its shaftconj וְ + N com m sg abs · קָנֶה (H7070)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)קָנֶה (H7070) 'and its shaft'.
הַטּ֖וֹבthe goodart + Adj · טוֹב (H2896)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)טוֹב (H2896) 'the good'.
מֵאֶ֣רֶץfrom the land ofprep + N com c sg constr · אֶרֶץ (H776)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֶרֶץ (H776) 'from the land of'.
מֶרְחָ֑ק(a-N c · מֶרְחָק (H4801)Construct chain (genitival)מֶרְחָק (H4801) '(a-'.
עֹלֽוֹתֵיכֶם֙the burnt offeringN c · עֹלָה (H5930)Construct chain (genitival)עֹלָה (H5930) 'the burnt offering'.
לֹ֣אnotneg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'not'.
לְרָצ֔וֹןfor acceptanceprep + N com m sg abs · רָצוֹן (H7522)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)רָצוֹן (H7522) 'for acceptance'.
וְזִבְחֵיכֶ֖םand your sacrificesconj וְ + N com m pl constr + sfx 2mp · זֶבַח (H2077)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)זֶבַח (H2077) 'and your sacrifices'.
לֹאnotneg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'not'.
עָ֥רְבוּbe pleasantQal perf 3cp · עָרֵב (H6149)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actעָרֵב (H6149) 'be pleasant'.
לִֽיto meprep + sfx 1csParticle or relational elementFunction word: 'to me'.
21

לָכֵ֗ן כֹּ֚ה אָמַ֣ר יְהוָ֔ה הִנְנִ֥י נֹתֵ֛ן אֶל הָעָ֥ם הַזֶּ֖ה מִכְשֹׁלִ֑ים וְכָ֣שְׁלוּ בָ֠ם אָב֨וֹת וּבָנִ֥ים יַחְדָּ֛ו שָׁכֵ֥ן וְרֵע֖וֹ יאבדו וְאָבָֽדוּ

Therefore thus says YHWH, Behold, I will lay stumblingblocks before this people, and the fathers and the sons together shall fall upon them; the neighbour and his friend shall perish.

Qatal — perfective or stative predicationasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Qatal — perfective or stative predication. Lead predicate is 'he said'. Speech formula or quoted address.
Word-by-word analysis· 19 words
לָכֵ֗ןthereforeprep + art · כֵּן (H3651)Particle or relational elementכֵּן (H3651) 'therefore'.
כֹּ֚הthusart · כֹּה (H3541)Particle or relational elementכֹּה (H3541) 'thus'.
אָמַ֣רhe saidQal perf 3ms · אָמַר (H559)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actאָמַר (H559) 'he said'.
יְהוָ֔הYHWHN · יְהוָה (H3068)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוָה (H3068) 'YHWH'.
הִנְנִ֥יbehold, Iadv. + sfx 1cs · הֵן (H2005)Particle or relational elementהֵן (H2005) 'behold, I'.
נֹתֵ֛ןis givingQal ptc ms · נָתַן (H5414)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorנָתַן (H5414) 'is giving'.
אֶלtoprep · אֶל (H413)Particle or relational elementאֶל (H413) 'to'.
הָעָ֥םthe peopleart + N com m sg abs · עַם (H5971)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עַם (H5971) 'the people'.
הַזֶּ֖הthisart + dem. pron xms · זֶה (H2088)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)זֶה (H2088) 'this'.
מִכְשֹׁלִ֑יםa stumbling blockN c · מִכְשׁוֹל (H4383)Construct chain (genitival)מִכְשׁוֹל (H4383) 'a stumbling block'.
וְכָ֣שְׁלוּand they shall stumbleconj וְ + Qal q 3cp · כָּשַׁל (H3782)Particle or relational elementכָּשַׁל (H3782) 'and they shall stumble'.
בָ֠םagainst themprep + sfx 3mpParticle or relational elementFunction word: 'against them'.
אָב֨וֹתfathersN c · אָב (H1)Construct chain (genitival)אָב (H1) 'fathers'.
וּבָנִ֥יםand sonsconj וְ + N com m pl abs · בֵּן (H1121)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)בֵּן (H1121) 'and sons'.
יַחְדָּ֛וtogetherart · יַחְדָּו (H3162)Particle or relational elementיַחְדָּו (H3162) 'together'.
שָׁכֵ֥ןtheir neighborsAdj · שָׁכֵן (H7934)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שָׁכֵן (H7934) 'their neighbors'.
וְרֵע֖וֹhis neighborconj וְ + N com m sg constr + sfx 3ms · רֵעַ (H7453)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)רֵעַ (H7453) 'his neighbor'.
יאבדוmay they perishQal impf 3mp · אָבַד (H6)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalאָבַד (H6) 'may they perish'.
וְאָבָֽדוּyour perishingconj וְ + Qal q 3cp · אָבַד (H6)Particle or relational elementאָבַד (H6) 'your perishing'.
22

כֹּ֚ה אָמַ֣ר יְהוָ֔ה הִנֵּ֛ה עַ֥ם בָּ֖א מֵאֶ֣רֶץ צָפ֑וֹן וְג֣וֹי גָּד֔וֹל יֵע֖וֹר מִיַּרְכְּתֵי אָֽרֶץ

Thus says YHWH, Behold, a people cometh from the north country, and a great nation shall be raised from the sides of the earth.

Qatal — perfective or stative predicationasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Qatal — perfective or stative predication. Lead predicate is 'he said'. Speech formula or quoted address.
Word-by-word analysis· 13 words
כֹּ֚הthusart · כֹּה (H3541)Particle or relational elementכֹּה (H3541) 'thus'.
אָמַ֣רhe saidQal perf 3ms · אָמַר (H559)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actאָמַר (H559) 'he said'.
יְהוָ֔הYHWHN · יְהוָה (H3068)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוָה (H3068) 'YHWH'.
הִנֵּ֛הbeholdadv. · הִנֵּה (H2009)Particle or relational elementהִנֵּה (H2009) 'behold'.
עַ֥םa peopleN c · עַם (H5971)Construct chain (genitival)עַם (H5971) 'a people'.
בָּ֖אcameQal perf 3ms · בּוֹא (H935)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actבּוֹא (H935) 'came'.
מֵאֶ֣רֶץfrom the land ofprep + N com c sg constr · אֶרֶץ (H776)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֶרֶץ (H776) 'from the land of'.
צָפ֑וֹןnorthN c · צָפוֹן (H6828)Construct chain (genitival)צָפוֹן (H6828) 'north'.
וְג֣וֹיand a nationconj וְ + N com m sg abs · גּוֹי (H1471)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)גּוֹי (H1471) 'and a nation'.
גָּד֔וֹלgreatAdj · גָּדוֹל (H1419)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)גָּדוֹל (H1419) 'great'.
יֵע֖וֹרawakeN · עוּר (H5782)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עוּר (H5782) 'awake'.
מִיַּרְכְּתֵיat the rearprep + N com f du constr · יְרֵכָה (H3411)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְרֵכָה (H3411) 'at the rear'.
אָֽרֶץthe land ofN c · אֶרֶץ (H776)Construct chain (genitival)אֶרֶץ (H776) 'the land of'.
23

קֶ֣שֶׁת וְכִיד֞וֹן יַחֲזִ֗יקוּ אַכְזָרִ֥י הוּא֙ וְלֹ֣א יְרַחֵ֔מוּ קוֹלָם֙ כַּיָּ֣ם יֶהֱמֶ֔ה וְעַל סוּסִ֖ים יִרְכָּ֑בוּ עָר֗וּךְ כְּאִישׁ֙ לַמִּלְחָמָ֔ה עָלַ֖יִךְ בַּת צִיּֽוֹן

They shall lay hold on bow and spear; they cruel, and have no mercy; their voice roareth like the sea; and they ride upon horses, set in array as men for war against you, O daughter of Zion.

Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-orientedasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'be strong'.
Word-by-word analysis· 19 words
קֶ֣שֶׁתa bowN c · קֶשֶׁת (H7198)Construct chain (genitival)קֶשֶׁת (H7198) 'a bow'.
וְכִיד֞וֹןwith the javelinconj וְ + N com m sg abs · כִּידוֹן (H3591)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)כִּידוֹן (H3591) 'with the javelin'.
יַחֲזִ֗יקוּbe strongHiphil impf 3mp · חָזַק (H2388)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalחָזַק (H2388) 'be strong'.
אַכְזָרִ֥יcruelAdj · אַכְזָרִי (H394)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אַכְזָרִי (H394) 'cruel'.
הוּא֙hepron 3ms · הִיא (H1931)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)הִיא (H1931) 'he'.
וְלֹ֣אand notconj וְ + neg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'and not'.
יְרַחֵ֔מוּand have compassion on youPiel impf 3mp · רָחַם (H7355)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalרָחַם (H7355) 'and have compassion on you'.
קוֹלָם֙their voiceN c · קוֹל (H6963)Construct chain (genitival)קוֹל (H6963) 'their voice'.
כַּיָּ֣םthe seaprep + art + N com m sg abs · יָם (H3220)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יָם (H3220) 'the sea'.
יֶהֱמֶ֔הclamorousQal impf 3ms · הָמָה (H1993)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalהָמָה (H1993) 'clamorous'.
וְעַלand onconj וְ + prep · עַל (H5921)Particle or relational elementעַל (H5921) 'and on'.
סוּסִ֖יםhorsesN c · סוּס (H5483)Construct chain (genitival)סוּס (H5483) 'horses'.
יִרְכָּ֑בוּand its riderQal impf 3mp · רָכַב (H7392)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalרָכַב (H7392) 'and its rider'.
עָר֗וּךְand he arrangedQal ptc ms · עָרַךְ (H6186)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorעָרַךְ (H6186) 'and he arranged'.
כְּאִישׁ֙as a manprep + N com m sg abs · אִישׁ (H376)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אִישׁ (H376) 'as a man'.
לַמִּלְחָמָ֔הfor battleprep + art + N com f sg abs · מִלְחָמָה (H4421)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מִלְחָמָה (H4421) 'for battle'.
עָלַ֖יִךְupon youprep + sfx 2fs · עַל (H5921)Particle or relational elementעַל (H5921) 'upon you'.
בַּתdaughter ofN c · בַּת (H1323)Construct chain (genitival)בַּת (H1323) 'daughter of'.
צִיּֽוֹןZionN · צִיּוֹן (H6726)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)צִיּוֹן (H6726) 'Zion'.
24

שָׁמַ֥עְנוּ אֶת שָׁמְע֖וֹ רָפ֣וּ יָדֵ֑ינוּ צָרָה֙ הֶחֱזִיקַ֔תְנוּ חִ֖יל כַּיּוֹלֵדָֽה

We have heard the fame thereof: our hands wax feeble: anguish has taken hold of us, pain, as of a woman in travail.

Qatal — perfective or stative predicationasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Qatal — perfective or stative predication. Lead predicate is 'we have heard'.
Word-by-word analysis· 9 words
שָׁמַ֥עְנוּwe have heardQal perf 1cp · שָׁמַע (H8085)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actשָׁמַע (H8085) 'we have heard'.
אֶת(obj)obj marker · אֵת (H853)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H853) '(obj)'.
שָׁמְע֖וֹhis fameN c · שֹׁמַע (H8089)Construct chain (genitival)שֹׁמַע (H8089) 'his fame'.
רָפ֣וּidleQal perf 3cp · רָפָה (H7503)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actרָפָה (H7503) 'idle'.
יָדֵ֑ינוּour handsN c · יָד (H3027)Construct chain (genitival)יָד (H3027) 'our hands'.
צָרָה֙and troublesN c · צָרָה (H6869)Construct chain (genitival)צָרָה (H6869) 'and troubles'.
הֶחֱזִיקַ֔תְנוּbe strongHiphil perf 3fs + sfx 1cp · חָזַק (H2388)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actחָזַק (H2388) 'be strong'.
חִ֖ילanguishN c · חִיל (H2427)Construct chain (genitival)חִיל (H2427) 'anguish'.
כַּיּוֹלֵדָֽהand he fatheredprep + art + Qal ptc fs · יָלַד (H3205)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorיָלַד (H3205) 'and he fathered'.
25

אַל תצאי תֵּֽצְאוּ֙ הַשָּׂדֶ֔ה וּבַדֶּ֖רֶךְ אַל תלכי תֵּלֵ֑כוּ כִּ֚י חֶ֣רֶב לְאֹיֵ֔ב מָג֖וֹר מִסָּבִֽיב

Go not forth into the field, nor walk by the way; for the sword of the enemy fear on every side.

Jussive — volitionalasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Jussive — volitional. Lead predicate is 'and he went out'.
Word-by-word analysis· 13 words
אַלdo notneg. · אַל (H408)Particle or relational elementאַל (H408) 'do not'.
תצאיand he went outQal jussive 2fs · יָצָא (H3318)Predicate verb (jussive)→ Jussive: volitionalיָצָא (H3318) 'and he went out'.
תֵּֽצְאוּ֙you shall go outQal jussive 2mp · יָצָא (H3318)Predicate verb (jussive)→ Jussive: volitionalיָצָא (H3318) 'you shall go out'.
הַשָּׂדֶ֔הthe fieldart + N com m sg abs · שָׂדֶה (H7704)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שָׂדֶה (H7704) 'the field'.
וּבַדֶּ֖רֶךְand on a journeyconj וְ + prep + art + N com c sg abs · דֶּרֶךְ (H1870)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)דֶּרֶךְ (H1870) 'and on a journey'.
אַלdo notneg. · אַל (H408)Particle or relational elementאַל (H408) 'do not'.
תלכיyou goQal jussive 2fs · הָלַךְ (H3212)Predicate verb (jussive)→ Jussive: volitionalהָלַךְ (H3212) 'you go'.
תֵּלֵ֑כוּwentQal jussive 2mp · הָלַךְ (H1980)Predicate verb (jussive)→ Jussive: volitionalהָלַךְ (H1980) 'went'.
כִּ֚יforconj וְ · כִּי (H3588)Particle or relational elementכִּי (H3588) 'for'.
חֶ֣רֶבthe swordN c · חֶרֶב (H2719)Construct chain (genitival)חֶרֶב (H2719) 'the sword'.
לְאֹיֵ֔בyour enemiesprep + Qal ptc ms · אֹיֵב (H341)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorאֹיֵב (H341) 'your enemies'.
מָג֖וֹרfromN c · מָגוֹר (H4032)Construct chain (genitival)מָגוֹר (H4032) 'from'.
מִסָּבִֽיבfrom aroundprep + N com c sg abs · סָבִיב (H5439)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)סָבִיב (H5439) 'from around'.
26

בַּת עַמִּ֤י חִגְרִי שָׂק֙ וְהִתְפַּלְּשִׁ֣י בָאֵ֔פֶר אֵ֤בֶל יָחִיד֙ עֲשִׂ֣י לָ֔ךְ מִסְפַּ֖ד תַּמְרוּרִ֑ים כִּ֣י פִתְאֹ֔ם יָבֹ֥א הַשֹּׁדֵ֖ד עָלֵֽינוּ

O daughter of my people, gird with sackcloth, and wallow thyself in ashes: make you mourning, an only son, most bitter lamentation: for the spoiler shall suddenly come upon us.

Imperative — volitional addressasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Imperative — volitional address. Lead predicate is 'girded'.
Word-by-word analysis· 17 words
בַּתdaughter ofN c · בַּת (H1323)Construct chain (genitival)בַּת (H1323) 'daughter of'.
עַמִּ֤יmy peopleN c · עַם (H5971)Construct chain (genitival)עַם (H5971) 'my people'.
חִגְרִיgirdedQal impv 2fs · חָגַר (H2296)Predicate verb (imperative)→ Volitional: imperativeחָגַר (H2296) 'girded'.
שָׂק֙sackclothN c · שַׂק (H8242)Construct chain (genitival)שַׂק (H8242) 'sackcloth'.
וְהִתְפַּלְּשִׁ֣יandconj וְ + Hithpael impv 2fs · פָּלַשׁ (H6428)Predicate verb (imperative)→ Volitional: imperativeפָּלַשׁ (H6428) 'and'.
בָאֵ֔פֶרthe ashes ofprep + art + N com m sg abs · אֵפֶר (H665)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֵפֶר (H665) 'the ashes of'.
אֵ֤בֶלmourningN c · אֵבֶל (H60)Construct chain (genitival)אֵבֶל (H60) 'mourning'.
יָחִיד֙your only oneAdj · יָחִיד (H3173)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יָחִיד (H3173) 'your only one'.
עֲשִׂ֣יmakers ofQal impv 2fs · עָשָׂה (H6213)Predicate verb (imperative)→ Volitional: imperativeעָשָׂה (H6213) 'makers of'.
לָ֔ךְto youprep + sfx 2fsParticle or relational elementFunction word: 'to you'.
מִסְפַּ֖דlamentationN c · מִסְפֵּד (H4553)Construct chain (genitival)מִסְפֵּד (H4553) 'lamentation'.
תַּמְרוּרִ֑יםmost bitterN c · תַּמְרוּר (H8563)Construct chain (genitival)תַּמְרוּר (H8563) 'most bitter'.
כִּ֣יforconj וְ · כִּי (H3588)Particle or relational elementכִּי (H3588) 'for'.
פִתְאֹ֔םsuddenlyart · פִּתְאֹם (H6597)Particle or relational elementפִּתְאֹם (H6597) 'suddenly'.
יָבֹ֥אshall enterQal impf 3ms · בּוֹא (H935)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalבּוֹא (H935) 'shall enter'.
הַשֹּׁדֵ֖דruinedart + Qal ptc ms · שָׁדַד (H7703)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorשָׁדַד (H7703) 'ruined'.
עָלֵֽינוּupon usprep + sfx 1cp · עַל (H5921)Particle or relational elementעַל (H5921) 'upon us'.
27

בָּח֛וֹן נְתַתִּ֥יךָ בְעַמִּ֖י מִבְצָ֑ר וְתֵדַ֕ע וּבָחַנְתָּ֖ אֶת דַּרְכָּֽם

I have set you a tower a fortress among my people, that you mayest know and try their way.

Qatal — perfective or stative predicationasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Qatal — perfective or stative predication. Lead predicate is 'I have made you'.
Word-by-word analysis· 8 words
בָּח֛וֹןtowerN c · בָּחוֹן (H969)Construct chain (genitival)בָּחוֹן (H969) 'tower'.
נְתַתִּ֥יךָI have made youQal perf 1cs + sfx 2ms · נָתַן (H5414)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actנָתַן (H5414) 'I have made you'.
בְעַמִּ֖יagainst my peopleprep + N com m sg constr + sfx 1cs · עַם (H5971)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עַם (H5971) 'against my people'.
מִבְצָ֑רthe fortress ofN c · מִבְצָר (H4013)Construct chain (genitival)מִבְצָר (H4013) 'the fortress of'.
וְתֵדַ֕עI knowconj וְ + Qal impf 2ms · יָדַע (H3045)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalיָדַע (H3045) 'I know'.
וּבָחַנְתָּ֖you will be testedconj וְ + Qal q 2ms · בָּחַן (H974)Particle or relational elementבָּחַן (H974) 'you will be tested'.
אֶת(obj)obj marker · אֵת (H853)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H853) '(obj)'.
דַּרְכָּֽםtheir siege-roadN c · דֶּרֶךְ (H1870)Construct chain (genitival)דֶּרֶךְ (H1870) 'their siege-road'.
28

כֻּלָּם֙ סָרֵ֣י סֽוֹרְרִ֔ים הֹלְכֵ֥י רָכִ֖יל נְחֹ֣שֶׁת וּבַרְזֶ֑ל כֻּלָּ֥ם מַשְׁחִיתִ֖ים הֵֽמָּה

They all grievous revolters, walking with slanders: brass and iron; they all corrupters.

Participle — attendant circumstance or substantival actorasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Participle — attendant circumstance or substantival actor. Lead predicate is 'he shall remove it'.
Word-by-word analysis· 10 words
כֻּלָּם֙all of themN c · כֹּל (H3605)Construct chain (genitival)כֹּל (H3605) 'all of them'.
סָרֵ֣יhe shall remove itQal ptc ms · סוּר (H5493)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorסוּר (H5493) 'he shall remove it'.
סֽוֹרְרִ֔יםstubbornQal ptc mp · סָרַר (H5637)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorסָרַר (H5637) 'stubborn'.
הֹלְכֵ֥יwentQal ptc mp · הָלַךְ (H1980)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorהָלַךְ (H1980) 'went'.
רָכִ֖ילas a talebearerN c · רָכִיל (H7400)Construct chain (genitival)רָכִיל (H7400) 'as a talebearer'.
נְחֹ֣שֶׁתbronzeN c · נְחֹשֶׁת (H5178)Construct chain (genitival)נְחֹשֶׁת (H5178) 'bronze'.
וּבַרְזֶ֑לand ironconj וְ + N com m sg abs · בַּרְזֶל (H1270)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)בַּרְזֶל (H1270) 'and iron'.
כֻּלָּ֥םall of themN c · כֹּל (H3605)Construct chain (genitival)כֹּל (H3605) 'all of them'.
מַשְׁחִיתִ֖יםto destroyHiphil ptc mp · שָׁחַת (H7843)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorשָׁחַת (H7843) 'to destroy'.
הֵֽמָּהtheypron 3mp · הֵמָּה (H1992)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)הֵמָּה (H1992) 'they'.
29

נָחַ֣ר מַפֻּ֔חַ מאשתם מֵאֵ֖שׁ תַּ֣ם עֹפָ֑רֶת לַשָּׁוְא֙ צָרַ֣ף צָר֔וֹף וְרָעִ֖ים לֹ֥א נִתָּֽקוּ

The bellows are burned, the lead is consumed of the fire; the founder melteth in vain: for the wicked are not plucked away.

Qatal — perfective or stative predicationasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Qatal — perfective or stative predication. Lead predicate is 'be angry'.
Word-by-word analysis· 12 words
נָחַ֣רbe angryQal perf 3ms · חָרַר (H2787)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actחָרַר (H2787) 'be angry'.
מַפֻּ֔חַbellowsN c · מַפֻּחַ (H4647)Construct chain (genitival)מַפֻּחַ (H4647) 'bellows'.
מאשתםfromprep + N com f sg constr + sfx 3mp · אֶשָּׁה (H800)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֶשָּׁה (H800) 'from'.
מֵאֵ֖שׁwith fireprep + N com c sg abs · אֵשׁ (H784)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֵשׁ (H784) 'with fire'.
תַּ֣םthe perishing ofQal perf 3ms · תָּמַם (H8552)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actתָּמַם (H8552) 'the perishing of'.
עֹפָ֑רֶתlike lead,N c · עוֹפֶרֶת (H5777)Construct chain (genitival)עוֹפֶרֶת (H5777) 'like lead,'.
לַשָּׁוְא֙for emptinessprep + art + N com m sg abs · שָׁוְא (H7723)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שָׁוְא (H7723) 'for emptiness'.
צָרַ֣ףandQal perf 3ms · צָרַף (H6884)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actצָרַף (H6884) 'and'.
צָר֔וֹףandQal inf abs · צָרַף (H6884)Infinitive absolute→ Infinitive absolute: emphasis or attendant actionצָרַף (H6884) 'and'.
וְרָעִ֖יםand grievousconj וְ + Adj · רַע (H7451)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)רַע (H7451) 'and grievous'.
לֹ֥אnotneg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'not'.
נִתָּֽקוּwere liftedN · נָתַק (H5423)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)נָתַק (H5423) 'were lifted'.
30

כֶּ֣סֶף נִמְאָ֔ס קָרְא֖וּ לָהֶ֑ם כִּֽי מָאַ֥ס יְהוָ֖ה בָּהֶֽם

Reprobate silver shall call them, because YHWH has rejected them.

Qatal — perfective or stative predicationasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Qatal — perfective or stative predication. Lead predicate is 'and he called'. Closes the chapter. Speech formula or quoted address.
Word-by-word analysis· 8 words
כֶּ֣סֶףsilverN c · כֶּסֶף (H3701)Construct chain (genitival)כֶּסֶף (H3701) 'silver'.
נִמְאָ֔סdespiseN · מָאַס (H3988)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מָאַס (H3988) 'despise'.
קָרְא֖וּand he calledQal perf 3cp · קָרָא (H7121)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actקָרָא (H7121) 'and he called'.
לָהֶ֑םto themprep + sfx 3mpParticle or relational elementFunction word: 'to them'.
כִּֽיforconj וְ · כִּי (H3588)Particle or relational elementכִּי (H3588) 'for'.
מָאַ֥סdespiseQal perf 3ms · מָאַס (H3988)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actמָאַס (H3988) 'despise'.
יְהוָ֖הYHWHN · יְהוָה (H3068)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוָה (H3068) 'YHWH'.
בָּהֶֽםin themprep + sfx 3mpParticle or relational elementFunction word: 'in them'.