Hebrew Text · Translation · Interlinear · Discourse Structure

The Book of Jeremiah, Chapter 5ירמיהו 5

Each verse opens with the running Hebrew, an English translation, and a discourse note (its connective, relation, and role in the argument). Below follows the word-by-word breakdown in six tiers: gloss, case/state or parsing, syntax, semantic force, and a lexical note.

Case Nominative Genitive Dative Accusative Vocative Verb (no case) Indeclinable

Discourse notes head each verse: relation · connective · clause-flow. Indentation marks prominence — flush-left = main line of argument; indented = supporting / subordinate material.

Theme

Jeremiah 5 (31 verses in the MT) opens: Run you to and fro through the streets of Jerusalem, and see now, and know, and seek in the broad places thereof, if you can find a man, if there be that executeth judgment, that seeketh the truth; and I will pardon it. The middle of the chapter continues: Their quiver as an open sepulchre, they all mighty men. It closes: The prophets prophesy falsely, and the priests bear rule by their means; and my people love so: and what will you do in the end thereof?

Translation & textual notes

The Hebrew base text here follows the Masoretic Text in the Leningrad tradition as represented by the Westminster Leningrad Codex / MorphHB diplomatic stream imported from OSHB; distinctively copyrighted apparatus from BHS or BHQ is not reproduced. Jeremiah 5 comprises 31 verses in MT order. Movement I (vv. 1-7) — Run you to and fro through the streets of Jerusalem, and see now, and kn. Run you to and fro through the streets of Jerusalem, and see now, and know, and seek in the broad places thereof, if you can find a man, if there be that executeth judgment, that seeketh the truth; and I will pardon it. And though they say, YHWH liveth; surely they swear falsely. O YHWH, not your eyes upon the truth? you have stricken them, but they have. Movement II (vv. 8-14) — They were fed horses in the morning: every one neighed after his neighbo. They were fed horses in the morning: every one neighed after his neighbour's wife. Shall I not visit for these ? says YHWH: and shall not my soul be avenged on such a nation as this? Go you up upon her walls, and destroy; but make not a full end: take away her battlements; for they not YHWH's. For the house of Israel and the house of Judah have dealt very. Movement III (vv. 15-21) — Lo, I will bring a nation upon you from far, O house of Israel, says YHW. Lo, I will bring a nation upon you from far, O house of Israel, says YHWH: it a mighty nation, it an ancient nation, a nation whose language you knowest not, neither understandest what they say. Their quiver as an open sepulchre, they all mighty men. And they shall eat up your harvest, and your bread, your sons and your daughters should eat: they shall eat. Movement IV (vv. 22-28) — Fear you not me? says YHWH: will you not tremble at my presence, which h. Fear you not me? says YHWH: will you not tremble at my presence, which have placed the sand the bound of the sea by a perpetual decree, that it cannot pass it: and though the waves thereof toss themselves, yet can they not prevail; though they roar, yet can they not pass over it? But this people has a revolting and a rebellious heart; they are revolted and. Movement V (vv. 29-31) — Shall I not visit for these ? says YHWH: shall not my soul be avenged on. Shall I not visit for these ? says YHWH: shall not my soul be avenged on such a nation as this? A wonderful and horrible thing is committed in the land; The prophets prophesy falsely, and the priests bear rule by their means; and my people love so: and what will you do in the end thereof? Where English printed Bibles divide verses differently, this annotation follows MT versification throughout.

1

שׁוֹטְט֞וּ בְּחוּצ֣וֹת יְרוּשָׁלִַ֗ם וּרְאוּ נָ֤א וּדְעוּ֙ וּבַקְשׁ֣וּ בִרְחוֹבוֹתֶ֔יהָ אִם תִּמְצְא֣וּ אִ֔ישׁ אִם יֵ֛שׁ עֹשֶׂ֥ה מִשְׁפָּ֖ט מְבַקֵּ֣שׁ אֱמוּנָ֑ה וְאֶסְלַ֖ח לָֽהּ

Run you to and fro through the streets of Jerusalem, and see now, and know, and seek in the broad places thereof, if you can find a man, if there be that executeth judgment, that seeketh the truth; and I will pardon it.

Imperative — volitional addressasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Imperative — volitional address. Lead predicate is 'from roaming'. Opens the chapter.
Word-by-word analysis· 19 words
שׁוֹטְט֞וּfrom roamingPolel impv 2mp · שׁוּט (H7751)Predicate verb (imperative)→ Volitional: imperativeשׁוּט (H7751) 'from roaming'.
בְּחוּצ֣וֹתoutsideprep + N com m pl constr · חוּץ (H2351)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)חוּץ (H2351) 'outside'.
יְרוּשָׁלִַ֗םJerusalemN · יְרוּשָׁלִַם (H3389)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְרוּשָׁלִַם (H3389) 'Jerusalem'.
וּרְאוּand they will seeconj וְ + Qal impv 2mp · רָאָה (H7200)Predicate verb (imperative)→ Volitional: imperativeרָאָה (H7200) 'and they will see'.
נָ֤אpleaseparticle · נָא (H4994)Particle or relational elementנָא (H4994) 'please'.
וּדְעוּ֙and knowconj וְ + Qal impv 2mp · יָדַע (H3045)Predicate verb (imperative)→ Volitional: imperativeיָדַע (H3045) 'and know'.
וּבַקְשׁ֣וּseekingconj וְ + Piel impv 2mp · בִּקֵּשׁ (H1245)Predicate verb (imperative)→ Volitional: imperativeבִּקֵּשׁ (H1245) 'seeking'.
בִרְחוֹבוֹתֶ֔יהָin the squareprep + N com f pl constr + sfx 3fs · רְחוֹב (H7339)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)רְחוֹב (H7339) 'in the square'.
אִםifconj וְ · אִם (H518)Particle or relational elementאִם (H518) 'if'.
תִּמְצְא֣וּyou findQal impf 2mp · מָצָא (H4672)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalמָצָא (H4672) 'you find'.
אִ֔ישׁa manN c · אִישׁ (H376)Construct chain (genitival)אִישׁ (H376) 'a man'.
אִםifconj וְ · אִם (H518)Particle or relational elementאִם (H518) 'if'.
יֵ֛שׁthere isadv. · יֵשׁ (H3426)Particle or relational elementיֵשׁ (H3426) 'there is'.
עֹשֶׂ֥הhe didQal ptc ms · עָשָׂה (H6213)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorעָשָׂה (H6213) 'he did'.
מִשְׁפָּ֖טjudgmentN c · מִשְׁפָּט (H4941)Construct chain (genitival)מִשְׁפָּט (H4941) 'judgment'.
מְבַקֵּ֣שׁseekingPiel ptc ms · בִּקֵּשׁ (H1245)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorבִּקֵּשׁ (H1245) 'seeking'.
אֱמוּנָ֑הfaithfulnessN c · אֱמוּנָה (H530)Construct chain (genitival)אֱמוּנָה (H530) 'faithfulness'.
וְאֶסְלַ֖חand he shall be forgivenconj וְ + Qal impf 1cs · סָלַח (H5545)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalסָלַח (H5545) 'and he shall be forgiven'.
לָֽהּto herprep + sfx 3fsParticle or relational elementFunction word: 'to her'.
2

וְאִ֥ם חַי יְהֹוָ֖ה יֹאמֵ֑רוּ לָכֵ֥ן לַשֶּׁ֖קֶר יִשָּׁבֵֽעוּ

And though they say, YHWH liveth; surely they swear falsely.

Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'they say'.
Word-by-word analysis· 7 words
וְאִ֥םand ifconj וְ + conj וְ · אִם (H518)Particle or relational elementאִם (H518) 'and if'.
חַיaliveAdj · חַי (H2416)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)חַי (H2416) 'alive'.
יְהֹוָ֖הYHWHN · יְהוָה (H3068)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוָה (H3068) 'YHWH'.
יֹאמֵ֑רוּthey sayQal impf 3mp · אָמַר (H559)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalאָמַר (H559) 'they say'.
לָכֵ֥ןthereforeprep + art · כֵּן (H3651)Particle or relational elementכֵּן (H3651) 'therefore'.
לַשֶּׁ֖קֶרfalselyprep + art + N com m sg abs · שֶׁקֶר (H8267)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שֶׁקֶר (H8267) 'falsely'.
יִשָּׁבֵֽעוּhe sworeN · נִשְׁבַּע (H7650)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)נִשְׁבַּע (H7650) 'he swore'.
3

יְהֹוָ֗ה עֵינֶיךָ֮ הֲל֣וֹא לֶאֱמוּנָה֒ הִכִּ֤יתָה אֹתָם֙ וְֽלֹא חָ֔לוּ כִּלִּיתָ֕ם מֵאֲנ֖וּ קַ֣חַת מוּסָ֑ר חִזְּק֤וּ פְנֵיהֶם֙ מִסֶּ֔לַע מֵאֲנ֖וּ לָשֽׁוּב

O YHWH, not your eyes upon the truth? you have stricken them, but they have not grieved; you have consumed them, they have refused to receive correction: they have made their faces harder than a rock; they have refused to return.

Qatal — perfective or stative predicationasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Qatal — perfective or stative predication. Lead predicate is 'and he struck'.
Word-by-word analysis· 17 words
יְהֹוָ֗הYHWHN · יְהוָה (H3068)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוָה (H3068) 'YHWH'.
עֵינֶיךָ֮your eyesN c · עַיִן (H5869)Construct chain (genitival)עַיִן (H5869) 'your eyes'.
הֲל֣וֹאis it notinterrog. + neg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'is it not'.
לֶאֱמוּנָה֒faithfulnessprep + N com f sg abs · אֱמוּנָה (H530)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֱמוּנָה (H530) 'faithfulness'.
הִכִּ֤יתָהand he struckHiphil perf 2ms · הִכָּה (H5221)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actהִכָּה (H5221) 'and he struck'.
אֹתָם֙themobj marker + sfx 3mp · אֵת (H853)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H853) 'them'.
וְֽלֹאand notconj וְ + neg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'and not'.
חָ֔לוּand be in anguishQal perf 3cp · חוּל (H2342)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actחוּל (H2342) 'and be in anguish'.
כִּלִּיתָ֕םhave you completedPiel perf 2ms + sfx 3mp · כָּלָה (H3615)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actכָּלָה (H3615) 'have you completed'.
מֵאֲנ֖וּand he refusedPiel perf 3cp · מָאֵן (H3985)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actמָאֵן (H3985) 'and he refused'.
קַ֣חַתand he tookQal inf constr · לָקַח (H3947)Infinitive construct→ Infinitive construct: purpose, result, or complementלָקַח (H3947) 'and he took'.
מוּסָ֑רthe discipline ofN c · מוּסָר (H4148)Construct chain (genitival)מוּסָר (H4148) 'the discipline of'.
חִזְּק֤וּbe strongPiel perf 3cp · חָזַק (H2388)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actחָזַק (H2388) 'be strong'.
פְנֵיהֶם֙their facesN c · פָּנִים (H6440)Construct chain (genitival)פָּנִים (H6440) 'their faces'.
מִסֶּ֔לַעfrom the cragprep + N com m sg abs · סֶלַע (H5553)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)סֶלַע (H5553) 'from the crag'.
מֵאֲנ֖וּand he refusedPiel perf 3cp · מָאֵן (H3985)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actמָאֵן (H3985) 'and he refused'.
לָשֽׁוּבto returnprep + Qal inf constr · שׁוּב (H7725)Infinitive construct→ Infinitive construct: purpose, result, or complementשׁוּב (H7725) 'to return'.
4

וַאֲנִ֣י אָמַ֔רְתִּי אַךְ דַּלִּ֖ים הֵ֑ם נוֹאֲל֕וּ כִּ֣י לֹ֤א יָדְעוּ֙ דֶּ֣רֶךְ יְהוָ֔ה מִשְׁפַּ֖ט אֱלֹהֵיהֶֽם

Therefore I said, Surely these poor; they are foolish: for they know not the way of YHWH, the judgment of their God.

Qatal — perfective or stative predication
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Qatal — perfective or stative predication. Lead predicate is 'I said'. Speech formula or quoted address.
Word-by-word analysis· 13 words
וַאֲנִ֣יand Iconj וְ + pron 1cs · אֲנִי (H589)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֲנִי (H589) 'and I'.
אָמַ֔רְתִּיI saidQal perf 1cs · אָמַר (H559)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actאָמַר (H559) 'I said'.
אַךְonlyparticle · אַךְ (H389)Particle or relational elementאַךְ (H389) 'only'.
דַּלִּ֖יםpoorAdj · דַּל (H1800)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)דַּל (H1800) 'poor'.
הֵ֑םtheypron 3mp · הֵמָּה (H1992)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)הֵמָּה (H1992) 'they'.
נוֹאֲל֕וּwe have acted foolishlyN · יָאַל (H2973)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יָאַל (H2973) 'we have acted foolishly'.
כִּ֣יforconj וְ · כִּי (H3588)Particle or relational elementכִּי (H3588) 'for'.
לֹ֤אnotneg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'not'.
יָדְעוּ֙have knownQal perf 3cp · יָדַע (H3045)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actיָדַע (H3045) 'have known'.
דֶּ֣רֶךְthe way ofN c · דֶּרֶךְ (H1870)Construct chain (genitival)דֶּרֶךְ (H1870) 'the way of'.
יְהוָ֔הYHWHN · יְהוָה (H3068)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוָה (H3068) 'YHWH'.
מִשְׁפַּ֖טjudgmentN c · מִשְׁפָּט (H4941)Construct chain (genitival)מִשְׁפָּט (H4941) 'judgment'.
אֱלֹהֵיהֶֽםtheir godsN c · אֱלֹהִים (H430)Construct chain (genitival)אֱלֹהִים (H430) 'their gods'.
5

אֵֽלֲכָה לִּ֤י אֶל הַגְּדֹלִים֙ וַאֲדַבְּרָ֣ה אוֹתָ֔ם כִּ֣י הֵ֗מָּה יָדְעוּ֙ דֶּ֣רֶךְ יְהוָ֔ה מִשְׁפַּ֖ט אֱלֹהֵיהֶ֑ם אַ֣ךְ הֵ֤מָּה יַחְדָּו֙ שָׁ֣בְרוּ עֹ֔ל נִתְּק֖וּ מוֹסֵרֽוֹת

I will get me to the great men, and will speak to them; for they have known the way of YHWH, the judgment of their God: but these have altogether broken the yoke, burst the bonds.

Weqatal / cohortative — sequential or volitionalasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Weqatal / cohortative — sequential or volitional. Lead predicate is 'let me go'.
Word-by-word analysis· 20 words
אֵֽלֲכָהlet me goQal cohortative 1cs · הָלַךְ (H3212)Predicate verb (weqatal / cohortative)→ Weqatal/cohortative: sequential or volitionalהָלַךְ (H3212) 'let me go'.
לִּ֤יto meprep + sfx 1csParticle or relational elementFunction word: 'to me'.
אֶלtoprep · אֶל (H413)Particle or relational elementאֶל (H413) 'to'.
הַגְּדֹלִים֙the greatart + Adj · גָּדוֹל (H1419)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)גָּדוֹל (H1419) 'the great'.
וַאֲדַבְּרָ֣הand I will speakconj וְ + Piel cohortative 1cs · דִּבֶּר (H1696)Predicate verb (weqatal / cohortative)→ Weqatal/cohortative: sequential or volitionalדִּבֶּר (H1696) 'and I will speak'.
אוֹתָ֔םthemobj marker + sfx 3mp · אֵת (H853)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H853) 'them'.
כִּ֣יforconj וְ · כִּי (H3588)Particle or relational elementכִּי (H3588) 'for'.
הֵ֗מָּהtheypron 3mp · הֵמָּה (H1992)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)הֵמָּה (H1992) 'they'.
יָדְעוּ֙have knownQal perf 3cp · יָדַע (H3045)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actיָדַע (H3045) 'have known'.
דֶּ֣רֶךְthe way ofN c · דֶּרֶךְ (H1870)Construct chain (genitival)דֶּרֶךְ (H1870) 'the way of'.
יְהוָ֔הYHWHN · יְהוָה (H3068)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוָה (H3068) 'YHWH'.
מִשְׁפַּ֖טjudgmentN c · מִשְׁפָּט (H4941)Construct chain (genitival)מִשְׁפָּט (H4941) 'judgment'.
אֱלֹהֵיהֶ֑םtheir godsN c · אֱלֹהִים (H430)Construct chain (genitival)אֱלֹהִים (H430) 'their gods'.
אַ֣ךְonlyparticle · אַךְ (H389)Particle or relational elementאַךְ (H389) 'only'.
הֵ֤מָּהtheypron 3mp · הֵמָּה (H1992)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)הֵמָּה (H1992) 'they'.
יַחְדָּו֙togetherart · יַחְדָּו (H3162)Particle or relational elementיַחְדָּו (H3162) 'together'.
שָׁ֣בְרוּyou shall breakQal perf 3cp · שָׁבַר (H7665)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actשָׁבַר (H7665) 'you shall break'.
עֹ֔לa yoke ofN c · עֹל (H5923)Construct chain (genitival)עֹל (H5923) 'a yoke of'.
נִתְּק֖וּwere liftedPiel perf 3cp · נָתַק (H5423)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actנָתַק (H5423) 'were lifted'.
מוֹסֵרֽוֹתbandN c · מוֹסֵר (H4147)Construct chain (genitival)מוֹסֵר (H4147) 'band'.
6

עַל כֵּן֩ הִכָּ֨ם אַרְיֵ֜ה מִיַּ֗עַר זְאֵ֤ב עֲרָבוֹת֙ יְשָׁדְדֵ֔ם נָמֵ֤ר שֹׁקֵד֙ עַל עָ֣רֵיהֶ֔ם כָּל הַיּוֹצֵ֥א מֵהֵ֖נָּה יִטָּרֵ֑ף כִּ֤י רַבּוּ֙ פִּשְׁעֵיהֶ֔ם עָצְמ֖וּ משבותיהם מְשׁוּבוֹתֵיהֶֽם

Wherefore a lion out of the forest shall slay them, a wolf of the evenings shall spoil them, a leopard shall watch over their cities: every one that goeth out thence shall be torn in pieces: because their transgressions are many, their backslidings are increased.

Qatal — perfective or stative predicationasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Qatal — perfective or stative predication. Lead predicate is 'and he struck'.
Word-by-word analysis· 22 words
עַלonprep · עַל (H5921)Particle or relational elementעַל (H5921) 'on'.
כֵּן֩soadv. · כֵּן (H3651)Particle or relational elementכֵּן (H3651) 'so'.
הִכָּ֨םand he struckHiphil perf 3ms + sfx 3mp · הִכָּה (H5221)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actהִכָּה (H5221) 'and he struck'.
אַרְיֵ֜הa lionN c · אַרְיֵה (H738)Construct chain (genitival)אַרְיֵה (H738) 'a lion'.
מִיַּ֗עַרinto the forestprep + N com m sg abs · יַעַר (H3293)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יַעַר (H3293) 'into the forest'.
זְאֵ֤בa wolfN c · זְאֵב (H2061)Construct chain (genitival)זְאֵב (H2061) 'a wolf'.
עֲרָבוֹת֙the plains ofN c · עֲרָבָה (H6160)Construct chain (genitival)עֲרָבָה (H6160) 'the plains of'.
יְשָׁדְדֵ֔םruinedQal impf 3ms + sfx 3mp · שָׁדַד (H7703)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalשָׁדַד (H7703) 'ruined'.
נָמֵ֤רandN c · נָמֵר (H5246)Construct chain (genitival)נָמֵר (H5246) 'and'.
שֹׁקֵד֙hastenQal ptc ms · שָׁקַד (H8245)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorשָׁקַד (H8245) 'hasten'.
עַלonprep · עַל (H5921)Particle or relational elementעַל (H5921) 'on'.
עָ֣רֵיהֶ֔םtheir citiesN c · עִיר (H5892)Construct chain (genitival)עִיר (H5892) 'their cities'.
כָּלallN c · כֹּל (H3605)Construct chain (genitival)כֹּל (H3605) 'all'.
הַיּוֹצֵ֥אand went outart + Qal ptc ms · יָצָא (H3318)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorיָצָא (H3318) 'and went out'.
מֵהֵ֖נָּהof themprep + pron 3fp · הֵנָּה (H2007)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)הֵנָּה (H2007) 'of them'.
יִטָּרֵ֑ףis torn/mauledN · טָרַף (H2963)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)טָרַף (H2963) 'is torn/mauled'.
כִּ֤יforconj וְ · כִּי (H3588)Particle or relational elementכִּי (H3588) 'for'.
רַבּוּ֙and multiplyQal perf 3cp · רָבַב (H7231)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actרָבַב (H7231) 'and multiply'.
פִּשְׁעֵיהֶ֔םtheir transgressionsN c · פֶשַע (H6588)Construct chain (genitival)פֶשַע (H6588) 'their transgressions'.
עָצְמ֖וּand grew strongQal perf 3cp · עָצַם (H6105)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actעָצַם (H6105) 'and grew strong'.
משבותיהםbackslidingN c · מְשׁוּבָה (H4878)Construct chain (genitival)מְשׁוּבָה (H4878) 'backsliding'.
מְשׁוּבוֹתֵיהֶֽםbackslidingN c · מְשׁוּבָה (H4878)Construct chain (genitival)מְשׁוּבָה (H4878) 'backsliding'.
7

אֵ֤י לָזֹאת֙ אסלוח אֶֽסְלַֽח לָ֔ךְ בָּנַ֣יִךְ עֲזָב֔וּנִי וַיִּשָּׁבְע֖וּ בְּלֹ֣א אֱלֹהִ֑ים וָאַשְׂבִּ֤עַ אוֹתָם֙ וַיִּנְאָ֔פוּ וּבֵ֥ית זוֹנָ֖ה יִתְגֹּדָֽדוּ

How shall I pardon you for this? your children have forsaken me, and sworn by no gods: when I had fed them to the full, they then committed adultery, and assembled themselves by troops in the harlots' houses.

Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-orientedasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'and he shall be forgiven'.
Word-by-word analysis· 16 words
אֵ֤יwhereinterrog. · אֵי (H335)Particle or relational elementאֵי (H335) 'where'.
לָזֹאת֙to thisprep + dem. pron xfs · זֹאת (H2063)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)זֹאת (H2063) 'to this'.
אסלוחand he shall be forgivenQal impf 1cs · סָלַח (H5545)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalסָלַח (H5545) 'and he shall be forgiven'.
אֶֽסְלַֽחand he shall be forgivenQal impf 1cs · סָלַח (H5545)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalסָלַח (H5545) 'and he shall be forgiven'.
לָ֔ךְand he shall be forgivenprep + sfx 2fs · סָלַח (H5545)Particle or relational elementסָלַח (H5545) 'and he shall be forgiven'.
בָּנַ֣יִךְyour sonsN c · בֵּן (H1121)Construct chain (genitival)בֵּן (H1121) 'your sons'.
עֲזָב֔וּנִיyou forsakeQal perf 3cp + sfx 1cs · עָזַב (H5800)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actעָזַב (H5800) 'you forsake'.
וַיִּשָּׁבְע֖וּand sworeconj וְ + Niphal wayyiqtol 3mp · נִשְׁבַּע (H7650)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceנִשְׁבַּע (H7650) 'and swore'.
בְּלֹ֣אwithoutprep + neg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'without'.
אֱלֹהִ֑יםGodN c · אֱלֹהִים (H430)Construct chain (genitival)אֱלֹהִים (H430) 'God'.
וָאַשְׂבִּ֤עַand be satisfiedconj וְ + Hiphil wayyiqtol 1cs · שָׂבַע (H7646)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceשָׂבַע (H7646) 'and be satisfied'.
אוֹתָם֙themobj marker + sfx 3mp · אֵת (H853)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H853) 'them'.
וַיִּנְאָ֔פוּyou shall commit adulteryconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3mp · נָאַף (H5003)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceנָאַף (H5003) 'you shall commit adultery'.
וּבֵ֥יתand the house ofconj וְ + N com m sg constr · בַּיִת (H1004)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)בַּיִת (H1004) 'and the house of'.
זוֹנָ֖הa prostituteQal ptc fs · זָנָה (H2181)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorזָנָה (H2181) 'a prostitute'.
יִתְגֹּדָֽדוּyou shall gash yourselvesHithpolel impf 3mp · גָּדַד (H1413)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalגָּדַד (H1413) 'you shall gash yourselves'.
8

סוּסִ֥ים מְיֻזָּנִ֖ים מַשְׁכִּ֣ים הָי֑וּ אִ֛ישׁ אֶל אֵ֥שֶׁת רֵעֵ֖הוּ יִצְהָֽלוּ

They were fed horses in the morning: every one neighed after his neighbour's wife.

Participle — attendant circumstance or substantival actorasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Participle — attendant circumstance or substantival actor. Lead predicate is 'feed'.
Word-by-word analysis· 9 words
סוּסִ֥יםhorsesN c · סוּס (H5483)Construct chain (genitival)סוּס (H5483) 'horses'.
מְיֻזָּנִ֖יםfeedPual ptc mp · זוּן (H2109)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorזוּן (H2109) 'feed'.
מַשְׁכִּ֣יםin the morning (by mistake forHiphil ptc mp · שָׁכָה (H7904)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorשָׁכָה (H7904) 'in the morning (by mistake for'.
הָי֑וּwereQal perf 3cp · הָיָה (H1961)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actהָיָה (H1961) 'were'.
אִ֛ישׁa manN c · אִישׁ (H376)Construct chain (genitival)אִישׁ (H376) 'a man'.
אֶלtoprep · אֶל (H413)Particle or relational elementאֶל (H413) 'to'.
אֵ֥שֶׁתwife ofN c · אִשָּׁה (H802)Construct chain (genitival)אִשָּׁה (H802) 'wife of'.
רֵעֵ֖הוּhis neighborN c · רֵעַ (H7453)Construct chain (genitival)רֵעַ (H7453) 'his neighbor'.
יִצְהָֽלוּbellowQal impf 3mp · צָהַל (H6670)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalצָהַל (H6670) 'bellow'.
9

הַֽעַל אֵ֥לֶּה לוֹא אֶפְקֹ֖ד נְאֻם יְהֹוָ֑ה וְאִם֙ בְּג֣וֹי אֲשֶׁר כָּזֶ֔ה לֹ֥א תִתְנַקֵּ֖ם נַפְשִֽׁי

Shall I not visit for these ? says YHWH: and shall not my soul be avenged on such a nation as this?

Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-orientedasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'their mustered (men)'.
Word-by-word analysis· 13 words
הַֽעַלoninterrog. + prep · עַל (H5921)Particle or relational elementעַל (H5921) 'on'.
אֵ֥לֶּהthesedem. pron xcp · אֵלֶּה (H428)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֵלֶּה (H428) 'these'.
לוֹאnotneg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'not'.
אֶפְקֹ֖דtheir mustered (men)Qal impf 1cs · פָּקַד (H6485)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalפָּקַד (H6485) 'their mustered (men)'.
נְאֻםutterance ofN c · נְאֻם (H5002)Construct chain (genitival)נְאֻם (H5002) 'utterance of'.
יְהֹוָ֑הYHWHN · יְהוָה (H3068)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוָה (H3068) 'YHWH'.
וְאִם֙and ifconj וְ + conj וְ · אִם (H518)Particle or relational elementאִם (H518) 'and if'.
בְּג֣וֹיwith a nationprep + N com m sg abs · גּוֹי (H1471)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)גּוֹי (H1471) 'with a nation'.
אֲשֶׁרthatrel. שֶׁ · אֲשֶׁר (H834)Particle or relational elementאֲשֶׁר (H834) 'that'.
כָּזֶ֔הlike thisprep + dem. pron xms · זֶה (H2088)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)זֶה (H2088) 'like this'.
לֹ֥אnotneg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'not'.
תִתְנַקֵּ֖םhe shall be punishedHithpael impf 3fs · נָקַם (H5358)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalנָקַם (H5358) 'he shall be punished'.
נַפְשִֽׁיmy soulN c · נֶפֶשׁ (H5315)Construct chain (genitival)נֶפֶשׁ (H5315) 'my soul'.
10

עֲל֤וּ בְשָׁרוֹתֶ֨יהָ֙ וְשַׁחֵ֔תוּ וְכָלָ֖ה אַֽל תַּעֲשׂ֑וּ הָסִ֨ירוּ֙ נְטִ֣ישׁוֹתֶ֔יהָ כִּ֛י ל֥וֹא לַיהוָ֖ה הֵֽמָּה

Go you up upon her walls, and destroy; but make not a full end: take away her battlements; for they not YHWH's.

Imperative — volitional addressasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Imperative — volitional address. Lead predicate is 'went up'.
Word-by-word analysis· 12 words
עֲל֤וּwent upQal impv 2mp · עָלָה (H5927)Predicate verb (imperative)→ Volitional: imperativeעָלָה (H5927) 'went up'.
בְשָׁרוֹתֶ֨יהָ֙inprep + N com f pl constr + sfx 3fs · שָׁרָה (H8284)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שָׁרָה (H8284) 'in'.
וְשַׁחֵ֔תוּto destroyconj וְ + Piel impv 2mp · שָׁחַת (H7843)Predicate verb (imperative)→ Volitional: imperativeשָׁחַת (H7843) 'to destroy'.
וְכָלָ֖הcompletelyconj וְ + N com f sg abs · כָּלָה (H3617)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)כָּלָה (H3617) 'completely'.
אַֽלdo notneg. · אַל (H408)Particle or relational elementאַל (H408) 'do not'.
תַּעֲשׂ֑וּyou shall doQal jussive 2mp · עָשָׂה (H6213)Predicate verb (jussive)→ Jussive: volitionalעָשָׂה (H6213) 'you shall do'.
הָסִ֨ירוּ֙put awayHiphil impv 2mp · סוּר (H5493)Predicate verb (imperative)→ Volitional: imperativeסוּר (H5493) 'put away'.
נְטִ֣ישׁוֹתֶ֔יהָbattlementN c · נְטִישָׁה (H5189)Construct chain (genitival)נְטִישָׁה (H5189) 'battlement'.
כִּ֛יforconj וְ · כִּי (H3588)Particle or relational elementכִּי (H3588) 'for'.
ל֥וֹאnotneg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'not'.
לַיהוָ֖הto YHWHprep + N proper · יְהוָה (H3068)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוָה (H3068) 'to YHWH'.
הֵֽמָּהtheypron 3mp · הֵמָּה (H1992)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)הֵמָּה (H1992) 'they'.
11

כִּי֩ בָג֨וֹד בָּגְד֜וּ בִּ֗י בֵּ֧ית יִשְׂרָאֵ֛ל וּבֵ֥ית יְהוּדָ֖ה נְאֻם יְהוָֽה

For the house of Israel and the house of Judah have dealt very treacherously against me, says YHWH.

Infinitive absolute — emphasis or attendant action
kî-clause (causal, recitative, or evidential). Infinitive absolute — emphasis or attendant action. Lead predicate is 'in his dealing treacherously'.
Word-by-word analysis· 10 words
כִּי֩forconj וְ · כִּי (H3588)Particle or relational elementכִּי (H3588) 'for'.
בָג֨וֹדin his dealing treacherouslyQal inf abs · בָּגַד (H898)Infinitive absolute→ Infinitive absolute: emphasis or attendant actionבָּגַד (H898) 'in his dealing treacherously'.
בָּגְד֜וּin his dealing treacherouslyQal perf 3cp · בָּגַד (H898)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actבָּגַד (H898) 'in his dealing treacherously'.
בִּ֗יagainst meprep + sfx 1csParticle or relational elementFunction word: 'against me'.
בֵּ֧יתthe house ofN c · בַּיִת (H1004)Construct chain (genitival)בַּיִת (H1004) 'the house of'.
יִשְׂרָאֵ֛לIsraelN · יִשְׂרָאֵל (H3478)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יִשְׂרָאֵל (H3478) 'Israel'.
וּבֵ֥יתand the house ofconj וְ + N com m sg constr · בַּיִת (H1004)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)בַּיִת (H1004) 'and the house of'.
יְהוּדָ֖הJudahN · יְהוּדָה (H3063)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוּדָה (H3063) 'Judah'.
נְאֻםutterance ofN c · נְאֻם (H5002)Construct chain (genitival)נְאֻם (H5002) 'utterance of'.
יְהוָֽהYHWHN · יְהוָה (H3068)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוָה (H3068) 'YHWH'.
12

כִּֽחֲשׁוּ֙ בַּיהוָ֔ה וַיֹּאמְר֖וּ לֹא ה֑וּא וְלֹא תָב֤וֹא עָלֵ֨ינוּ֙ רָעָ֔ה וְחֶ֥רֶב וְרָעָ֖ב ל֥וֹא נִרְאֶֽה

They have belied YHWH, and said, not he; neither shall evil come upon us; neither shall we see sword nor famine:

Qatal — perfective or stative predicationasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Qatal — perfective or stative predication. Lead predicate is 'they have deceived'. Speech formula or quoted address.
Word-by-word analysis· 13 words
כִּֽחֲשׁוּ֙they have deceivedPiel perf 3cp · כָּחַשׁ (H3584)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actכָּחַשׁ (H3584) 'they have deceived'.
בַּיהוָ֔הagainst YHWHprep + N proper · יְהוָה (H3068)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוָה (H3068) 'against YHWH'.
וַיֹּאמְר֖וּand they saidconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3mp · אָמַר (H559)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceאָמַר (H559) 'and they said'.
לֹאnotneg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'not'.
ה֑וּאhepron 3ms · הִיא (H1931)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)הִיא (H1931) 'he'.
וְלֹאand notconj וְ + neg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'and not'.
תָב֤וֹאyou comeQal impf 3fs · בּוֹא (H935)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalבּוֹא (H935) 'you come'.
עָלֵ֨ינוּ֙upon usprep + sfx 1cp · עַל (H5921)Particle or relational elementעַל (H5921) 'upon us'.
רָעָ֔הevilN c · רַע (H7451)Construct chain (genitival)רַע (H7451) 'evil'.
וְחֶ֥רֶבand swordconj וְ + N com f sg abs · חֶרֶב (H2719)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)חֶרֶב (H2719) 'and sword'.
וְרָעָ֖בthe famineconj וְ + N com m sg abs · רָעָב (H7458)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)רָעָב (H7458) 'the famine'.
ל֥וֹאnotneg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'not'.
נִרְאֶֽהhas appearedQal impf 1cp · רָאָה (H7200)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalרָאָה (H7200) 'has appeared'.
13

וְהַנְּבִיאִים֙ יִֽהְי֣וּ לְר֔וּחַ וְהַדִּבֵּ֖ר אֵ֣ין בָּהֶ֑ם כֹּ֥ה יֵעָשֶׂ֖ה לָהֶֽם

And the prophets shall become wind, and the word not in them: thus shall it be done to them.

Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'they shall be'.
Word-by-word analysis· 9 words
וְהַנְּבִיאִים֙a prophetconj וְ + art + N com m pl abs · נָבִיא (H5030)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)נָבִיא (H5030) 'a prophet'.
יִֽהְי֣וּthey shall beQal impf 3mp · הָיָה (H1961)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalהָיָה (H1961) 'they shall be'.
לְר֔וּחַat the breeze ofprep + N com c sg abs · רוּחַ (H7307)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)רוּחַ (H7307) 'at the breeze of'.
וְהַדִּבֵּ֖רas / likeconj וְ + art + N com m sg abs · דֹּבֶר (H1699)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)דֹּבֶר (H1699) 'as / like'.
אֵ֣יןthere is notneg. · אַיִן (H369)Particle or relational elementאַיִן (H369) 'there is not'.
בָּהֶ֑םin themprep + sfx 3mpParticle or relational elementFunction word: 'in them'.
כֹּ֥הthusart · כֹּה (H3541)Particle or relational elementכֹּה (H3541) 'thus'.
יֵעָשֶׂ֖הhe shall doN · עָשָׂה (H6213)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עָשָׂה (H6213) 'he shall do'.
לָהֶֽםto themprep + sfx 3mpParticle or relational elementFunction word: 'to them'.
14

לָכֵ֗ן כֹּֽה אָמַ֤ר יְהוָה֙ אֱלֹהֵ֣י צְבָא֔וֹת יַ֚עַן דַּבֶּרְכֶ֔ם אֶת הַדָּבָ֖ר הַזֶּ֑ה הִנְנִ֣י נֹתֵן֩ דְּבָרַ֨י בְּפִ֜יךָ לְאֵ֗שׁ וְהָעָ֥ם הַזֶּ֛ה עֵצִ֖ים וַאֲכָלָֽתַם

Wherefore thus says YHWH God of hosts, Because you speak this word, behold, I will make my words in your mouth fire, and this people wood, and it shall devour them.

Qatal — perfective or stative predicationasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Qatal — perfective or stative predication. Lead predicate is 'he said'. Speech formula or quoted address.
Word-by-word analysis· 20 words
לָכֵ֗ןthereforeprep + art · כֵּן (H3651)Particle or relational elementכֵּן (H3651) 'therefore'.
כֹּֽהthusart · כֹּה (H3541)Particle or relational elementכֹּה (H3541) 'thus'.
אָמַ֤רhe saidQal perf 3ms · אָמַר (H559)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actאָמַר (H559) 'he said'.
יְהוָה֙YHWHN · יְהוָה (H3068)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוָה (H3068) 'YHWH'.
אֱלֹהֵ֣יthe God ofN c · אֱלֹהִים (H430)Construct chain (genitival)אֱלֹהִים (H430) 'the God of'.
צְבָא֔וֹתof troopsN c · צָבָא (H6635)Construct chain (genitival)צָבָא (H6635) 'of troops'.
יַ֚עַןbecauseconj וְ · יַעַן (H3282)Particle or relational elementיַעַן (H3282) 'because'.
דַּבֶּרְכֶ֔םand he spokePiel inf constr + sfx 2mp · דִּבֶּר (H1696)Infinitive construct→ Infinitive construct: purpose, result, or complementדִּבֶּר (H1696) 'and he spoke'.
אֶת(obj)obj marker · אֵת (H853)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H853) '(obj)'.
הַדָּבָ֖רthe wordart + N com m sg abs · דָּבָר (H1697)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)דָּבָר (H1697) 'the word'.
הַזֶּ֑הthisart + dem. pron xms · זֶה (H2088)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)זֶה (H2088) 'this'.
הִנְנִ֣יbehold, Iadv. + sfx 1cs · הֵן (H2005)Particle or relational elementהֵן (H2005) 'behold, I'.
נֹתֵן֩is givingQal ptc ms · נָתַן (H5414)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorנָתַן (H5414) 'is giving'.
דְּבָרַ֨יthe words ofN c · דָּבָר (H1697)Construct chain (genitival)דָּבָר (H1697) 'the words of'.
בְּפִ֜יךָin your mouthprep + N com m sg constr + sfx 2ms · פֶּה (H6310)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)פֶּה (H6310) 'in your mouth'.
לְאֵ֗שׁwith fireprep + N com c sg abs · אֵשׁ (H784)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֵשׁ (H784) 'with fire'.
וְהָעָ֥םand the peopleconj וְ + art + N com m sg abs · עַם (H5971)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עַם (H5971) 'and the people'.
הַזֶּ֛הthisart + dem. pron xms · זֶה (H2088)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)זֶה (H2088) 'this'.
עֵצִ֖יםwoodN c · עֵץ (H6086)Construct chain (genitival)עֵץ (H6086) 'wood'.
וַאֲכָלָֽתַםand you shall eatconj וְ + Qal q 3fs + sfx 3mp · אָכַל (H398)Particle or relational elementאָכַל (H398) 'and you shall eat'.
15

הִנְנִ֣י מֵבִיא֩ עֲלֵיכֶ֨ם גּ֧וֹי מִמֶּרְחָ֛ק בֵּ֥ית יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל נְאֻם יְהֹוָ֑ה גּ֣וֹי אֵיתָ֣ן ה֗וּא גּ֤וֹי מֵעוֹלָם֙ ה֔וּא גּ֚וֹי לֹא תֵדַ֣ע לְשֹׁנ֔וֹ וְלֹ֥א תִשְׁמַ֖ע מַה יְדַבֵּֽר

Lo, I will bring a nation upon you from far, O house of Israel, says YHWH: it a mighty nation, it an ancient nation, a nation whose language you knowest not, neither understandest what they say.

Participle — attendant circumstance or substantival actorhinneh
Presentative hinneh, putting a new scene or surprise on stage. Participle — attendant circumstance or substantival actor. Lead predicate is 'am bringing'.
Word-by-word analysis· 23 words
הִנְנִ֣יbehold, Iadv. + sfx 1cs · הֵן (H2005)Particle or relational elementהֵן (H2005) 'behold, I'.
מֵבִיא֩am bringingHiphil ptc ms · בּוֹא (H935)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorבּוֹא (H935) 'am bringing'.
עֲלֵיכֶ֨םagainst youprep + sfx 2mp · עַל (H5921)Particle or relational elementעַל (H5921) 'against you'.
גּ֧וֹיa nationN c · גּוֹי (H1471)Construct chain (genitival)גּוֹי (H1471) 'a nation'.
מִמֶּרְחָ֛קfromprep + N com m sg abs · מֶרְחָק (H4801)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מֶרְחָק (H4801) 'from'.
בֵּ֥יתthe house ofN c · בַּיִת (H1004)Construct chain (genitival)בַּיִת (H1004) 'the house of'.
יִשְׂרָאֵ֖לIsraelN · יִשְׂרָאֵל (H3478)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יִשְׂרָאֵל (H3478) 'Israel'.
נְאֻםutterance ofN c · נְאֻם (H5002)Construct chain (genitival)נְאֻם (H5002) 'utterance of'.
יְהֹוָ֑הYHWHN · יְהוָה (H3068)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוָה (H3068) 'YHWH'.
גּ֣וֹיa nationN c · גּוֹי (H1471)Construct chain (genitival)גּוֹי (H1471) 'a nation'.
אֵיתָ֣ןever-flowingAdj · אֵיתָן (H386)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֵיתָן (H386) 'ever-flowing'.
ה֗וּאhepron 3ms · הִיא (H1931)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)הִיא (H1931) 'he'.
גּ֤וֹיa nationN c · גּוֹי (H1471)Construct chain (genitival)גּוֹי (H1471) 'a nation'.
מֵעוֹלָם֙from of oldprep + N com m sg abs · עוֹלָם (H5769)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עוֹלָם (H5769) 'from of old'.
ה֔וּאhepron 3ms · הִיא (H1931)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)הִיא (H1931) 'he'.
גּ֚וֹיa nationN c · גּוֹי (H1471)Construct chain (genitival)גּוֹי (H1471) 'a nation'.
לֹאnotneg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'not'.
תֵדַ֣עyou may knowQal impf 2ms · יָדַע (H3045)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalיָדַע (H3045) 'you may know'.
לְשֹׁנ֔וֹits languageN c · לָשׁוֹן (H3956)Construct chain (genitival)לָשׁוֹן (H3956) 'its language'.
וְלֹ֥אand notconj וְ + neg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'and not'.
תִשְׁמַ֖עyou listenQal impf 2ms · שָׁמַע (H8085)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalשָׁמַע (H8085) 'you listen'.
מַהwhatinterrog. · מָה (H4100)Particle or relational elementמָה (H4100) 'what'.
יְדַבֵּֽרspeaksPiel impf 3ms · דִּבֶּר (H1696)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalדִּבֶּר (H1696) 'speaks'.
16

אַשְׁפָּת֖וֹ כְּקֶ֣בֶר פָּת֑וּחַ כֻּלָּ֖ם גִּבּוֹרִֽים

Their quiver as an open sepulchre, they all mighty men.

Participle — attendant circumstance or substantival actorasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Participle — attendant circumstance or substantival actor. Lead predicate is 'open'.
Word-by-word analysis· 5 words
אַשְׁפָּת֖וֹquiverN c · אַשְׁפָּה (H827)Construct chain (genitival)אַשְׁפָּה (H827) 'quiver'.
כְּקֶ֣בֶרa graveprep + N com m sg abs · קֶבֶר (H6913)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)קֶבֶר (H6913) 'a grave'.
פָּת֑וּחַopenQal ptc ms · פָּתַח (H6605)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorפָּתַח (H6605) 'open'.
כֻּלָּ֖םall of themN c · כֹּל (H3605)Construct chain (genitival)כֹּל (H3605) 'all of them'.
גִּבּוֹרִֽיםmightyAdj · גִּבּוֹר (H1368)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)גִּבּוֹר (H1368) 'mighty'.
17

וְאָכַ֨ל קְצִֽירְךָ֜ וְלַחְמֶ֗ךָ יֹאכְלוּ֙ בָּנֶ֣יךָ וּבְנוֹתֶ֔יךָ יֹאכַ֤ל צֹאנְךָ֙ וּבְקָרֶ֔ךָ יֹאכַ֥ל גַּפְנְךָ֖ וּתְאֵנָתֶ֑ךָ יְרֹשֵׁ֞שׁ עָרֵ֣י מִבְצָרֶ֗יךָ אֲשֶׁ֥ר אַתָּ֛ה בּוֹטֵ֥חַ בָּהֵ֖נָּה בֶּחָֽרֶב

And they shall eat up your harvest, and your bread, your sons and your daughters should eat: they shall eat up your flocks and your herds: they shall eat up your vines and your fig trees: they shall impoverish your fenced cities, wherein you trustedst, with the sword.

Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'they shall be eaten'.
Word-by-word analysis· 20 words
וְאָכַ֨לand it will eatconj וְ + Qal q 3ms · אָכַל (H398)Particle or relational elementאָכַל (H398) 'and it will eat'.
קְצִֽירְךָ֜your harvestN c · קָצִיר (H7105)Construct chain (genitival)קָצִיר (H7105) 'your harvest'.
וְלַחְמֶ֗ךָbreadconj וְ + N com c sg constr + sfx 2ms · לֶחֶם (H3899)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)לֶחֶם (H3899) 'bread'.
יֹאכְלוּ֙they shall be eatenQal impf 3mp · אָכַל (H398)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalאָכַל (H398) 'they shall be eaten'.
בָּנֶ֣יךָyour sonsN c · בֵּן (H1121)Construct chain (genitival)בֵּן (H1121) 'your sons'.
וּבְנוֹתֶ֔יךָand your daughtersconj וְ + N com f pl constr + sfx 2ms · בַּת (H1323)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)בַּת (H1323) 'and your daughters'.
יֹאכַ֤לshall eatQal impf 3ms · אָכַל (H398)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalאָכַל (H398) 'shall eat'.
צֹאנְךָ֙your flockN c · צֹאן (H6629)Construct chain (genitival)צֹאן (H6629) 'your flock'.
וּבְקָרֶ֔ךָand your herdconj וְ + N com c sg constr + sfx 2ms · בָּקָר (H1241)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)בָּקָר (H1241) 'and your herd'.
יֹאכַ֥לshall eatQal impf 3ms · אָכַל (H398)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalאָכַל (H398) 'shall eat'.
גַּפְנְךָ֖from the vine ofN c · גֶּפֶן (H1612)Construct chain (genitival)גֶּפֶן (H1612) 'from the vine of'.
וּתְאֵנָתֶ֑ךָand fig treeconj וְ + N com f sg constr + sfx 2ms · תְּאֵנָה (H8384)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)תְּאֵנָה (H8384) 'and fig tree'.
יְרֹשֵׁ֞שׁimpoverishPoel impf 3ms · רָשַׁשׁ (H7567)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalרָשַׁשׁ (H7567) 'impoverish'.
עָרֵ֣יthe cities ofN c · עִיר (H5892)Construct chain (genitival)עִיר (H5892) 'the cities of'.
מִבְצָרֶ֗יךָthe fortress ofN c · מִבְצָר (H4013)Construct chain (genitival)מִבְצָר (H4013) 'the fortress of'.
אֲשֶׁ֥רthatrel. שֶׁ · אֲשֶׁר (H834)Particle or relational elementאֲשֶׁר (H834) 'that'.
אַתָּ֛הyoupron 2ms · אַתָּה (H859)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אַתָּה (H859) 'you'.
בּוֹטֵ֥חַtrustingQal ptc ms · בָּטַח (H982)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorבָּטַח (H982) 'trusting'.
בָּהֵ֖נָּהby themprep + pron 3fp · הֵנָּה (H2007)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)הֵנָּה (H2007) 'by them'.
בֶּחָֽרֶבwith the swordprep + art + N com f sg abs · חֶרֶב (H2719)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)חֶרֶב (H2719) 'with the sword'.
18

וְגַ֛ם בַּיָּמִ֥ים הָהֵ֖מָּה נְאֻם יְהֹוָ֑ה לֹֽא אֶעֱשֶׂ֥ה אִתְּכֶ֖ם כָּלָֽה

Nevertheless in those days, says YHWH, I will not make a full end with you.

Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'I will do'.
Word-by-word analysis· 9 words
וְגַ֛םand alsoconj וְ + particle · גַּם (H1571)Particle or relational elementגַּם (H1571) 'and also'.
בַּיָּמִ֥יםin the daysprep + art + N com m pl abs · יוֹם (H3117)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יוֹם (H3117) 'in the days'.
הָהֵ֖מָּהthoseart + pron 3mp · הֵמָּה (H1992)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)הֵמָּה (H1992) 'those'.
נְאֻםutterance ofN c · נְאֻם (H5002)Construct chain (genitival)נְאֻם (H5002) 'utterance of'.
יְהֹוָ֑הYHWHN · יְהוָה (H3068)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוָה (H3068) 'YHWH'.
לֹֽאnotneg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'not'.
אֶעֱשֶׂ֥הI will doQal impf 1cs · עָשָׂה (H6213)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalעָשָׂה (H6213) 'I will do'.
אִתְּכֶ֖םwith youprep + sfx 2mp · אֵת (H854)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H854) 'with you'.
כָּלָֽהcompletelyN c · כָּלָה (H3617)Construct chain (genitival)כָּלָה (H3617) 'completely'.
19

וְהָיָה֙ כִּ֣י תֹאמְר֔וּ תַּ֣חַת מֶ֗ה עָשָׂ֨ה יְהֹוָ֧ה אֱלֹהֵ֛ינוּ לָ֖נוּ אֶת כָּל אֵ֑לֶּה וְאָמַרְתָּ֣ אֲלֵיהֶ֗ם כַּאֲשֶׁ֨ר עֲזַבְתֶּ֤ם אוֹתִי֙ וַתַּעַבְד֞וּ אֱלֹהֵ֤י נֵכָר֙ בְּאַרְצְכֶ֔ם כֵּ֚ן תַּעַבְד֣וּ זָרִ֔ים בְּאֶ֖רֶץ לֹ֥א לָכֶֽם

And it shall come to pass, when you shall say, Wherefore doeth YHWH our God all these to us? then shall you answer them, Like as you have forsaken me, and served strange gods in your land, so shall you serve strangers in a land not yours.

Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'you say'.
Word-by-word analysis· 27 words
וְהָיָה֙and it shall beconj וְ + Qal q 3ms · הָיָה (H1961)Particle or relational elementהָיָה (H1961) 'and it shall be'.
כִּ֣יforconj וְ · כִּי (H3588)Particle or relational elementכִּי (H3588) 'for'.
תֹאמְר֔וּyou sayQal impf 2mp · אָמַר (H559)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalאָמַר (H559) 'you say'.
תַּ֣חַתunderprep · תַּחַת (H8478)Particle or relational elementתַּחַת (H8478) 'under'.
מֶ֗הwhatinterrog. · מָה (H4100)Particle or relational elementמָה (H4100) 'what'.
עָשָׂ֨הhe didQal perf 3ms · עָשָׂה (H6213)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actעָשָׂה (H6213) 'he did'.
יְהֹוָ֧הYHWHN · יְהוָה (H3068)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוָה (H3068) 'YHWH'.
אֱלֹהֵ֛ינוּour GodN c · אֱלֹהִים (H430)Construct chain (genitival)אֱלֹהִים (H430) 'our God'.
לָ֖נוּto usprep + sfx 1cpParticle or relational elementFunction word: 'to us'.
אֶת(obj)obj marker · אֵת (H853)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H853) '(obj)'.
כָּלallN c · כֹּל (H3605)Construct chain (genitival)כֹּל (H3605) 'all'.
אֵ֑לֶּהthesedem. pron xcp · אֵלֶּה (H428)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֵלֶּה (H428) 'these'.
וְאָמַרְתָּ֣and you shall sayconj וְ + Qal q 2ms · אָמַר (H559)Particle or relational elementאָמַר (H559) 'and you shall say'.
אֲלֵיהֶ֗םto themprep + sfx 3mp · אֶל (H413)Particle or relational elementאֶל (H413) 'to them'.
כַּאֲשֶׁ֨רjust asprep + rel. שֶׁ · אֲשֶׁר (H834)Particle or relational elementאֲשֶׁר (H834) 'just as'.
עֲזַבְתֶּ֤םyou have forsakenQal perf 2mp · עָזַב (H5800)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actעָזַב (H5800) 'you have forsaken'.
אוֹתִי֙meobj marker + sfx 1cs · אֵת (H853)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H853) 'me'.
וַתַּעַבְד֞וּto serveconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 2mp · עָבַד (H5647)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceעָבַד (H5647) 'to serve'.
אֱלֹהֵ֤יthe God ofN c · אֱלֹהִים (H430)Construct chain (genitival)אֱלֹהִים (H430) 'the God of'.
נֵכָר֙foreignN c · נֵכָר (H5236)Construct chain (genitival)נֵכָר (H5236) 'foreign'.
בְּאַרְצְכֶ֔םin your landprep + N com c sg constr + sfx 2mp · אֶרֶץ (H776)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֶרֶץ (H776) 'in your land'.
כֵּ֚ןsoadv. · כֵּן (H3651)Particle or relational elementכֵּן (H3651) 'so'.
תַּעַבְד֣וּyou shall serveQal impf 2mp · עָבַד (H5647)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalעָבַד (H5647) 'you shall serve'.
זָרִ֔יםan outsiderAdj · זָר (H2114)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)זָר (H2114) 'an outsider'.
בְּאֶ֖רֶץin the land ofprep + N com c sg abs · אֶרֶץ (H776)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֶרֶץ (H776) 'in the land of'.
לֹ֥אnotneg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'not'.
לָכֶֽםto youprep + sfx 2mpParticle or relational elementFunction word: 'to you'.
20

הַגִּ֥ידוּ זֹ֖את בְּבֵ֣ית יַעֲקֹ֑ב וְהַשְׁמִיע֥וּהָ בִיהוּדָ֖ה לֵאמֹֽר

Declare this in the house of Jacob, and publish it in Judah, saying,

Imperative — volitional addressasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Imperative — volitional address. Lead predicate is 'tell'. Speech formula or quoted address.
Word-by-word analysis· 7 words
הַגִּ֥ידוּtellHiphil impv 2mp · נָגַד (H5046)Predicate verb (imperative)→ Volitional: imperativeנָגַד (H5046) 'tell'.
זֹ֖אתthisdem. pron xfs · זֹאת (H2063)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)זֹאת (H2063) 'this'.
בְּבֵ֣יתin the houseprep + N com m sg constr · בַּיִת (H1004)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)בַּיִת (H1004) 'in the house'.
יַעֲקֹ֑בJacobN · יַעֲקֹב (H3290)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יַעֲקֹב (H3290) 'Jacob'.
וְהַשְׁמִיע֥וּהָand he heardconj וְ + Hiphil impv 2mp + sfx 3fs · שָׁמַע (H8085)Predicate verb (imperative)→ Volitional: imperativeשָׁמַע (H8085) 'and he heard'.
בִיהוּדָ֖הJudahprep + N proper · יְהוּדָה (H3063)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוּדָה (H3063) 'Judah'.
לֵאמֹֽרsayingprep + Qal inf constr · אָמַר (H559)Infinitive construct→ Infinitive construct: purpose, result, or complementאָמַר (H559) 'saying'.
21

שִׁמְעוּ נָ֣א זֹ֔את עַ֥ם סָכָ֖ל וְאֵ֣ין לֵ֑ב עֵינַ֤יִם לָהֶם֙ וְלֹ֣א יִרְא֔וּ אָזְנַ֥יִם לָהֶ֖ם וְלֹ֥א יִשְׁמָֽעוּ

Hear now this, O foolish people, and without understanding; which have eyes, and see not; which have ears, and hear not:

Imperative — volitional addressasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Imperative — volitional address. Lead predicate is 'his hearing'.
Word-by-word analysis· 15 words
שִׁמְעוּhis hearingQal impv 2mp · שָׁמַע (H8085)Predicate verb (imperative)→ Volitional: imperativeשָׁמַע (H8085) 'his hearing'.
נָ֣אpleaseparticle · נָא (H4994)Particle or relational elementנָא (H4994) 'please'.
זֹ֔אתthisdem. pron xfs · זֹאת (H2063)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)זֹאת (H2063) 'this'.
עַ֥םa peopleN c · עַם (H5971)Construct chain (genitival)עַם (H5971) 'a people'.
סָכָ֖לfoolN c · סָכָל (H5530)Construct chain (genitival)סָכָל (H5530) 'fool'.
וְאֵ֣יןand there is noconj וְ + neg. · אַיִן (H369)Particle or relational elementאַיִן (H369) 'and there is no'.
לֵ֑בthe heart ofN c · לֵב (H3820)Construct chain (genitival)לֵב (H3820) 'the heart of'.
עֵינַ֤יִםeyesN c · עַיִן (H5869)Construct chain (genitival)עַיִן (H5869) 'eyes'.
לָהֶם֙to themprep + sfx 3mpParticle or relational elementFunction word: 'to them'.
וְלֹ֣אand notconj וְ + neg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'and not'.
יִרְא֔וּshall they appearQal impf 3mp · רָאָה (H7200)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalרָאָה (H7200) 'shall they appear'.
אָזְנַ֥יִםin the ears ofN c · אֹזֶן (H241)Construct chain (genitival)אֹזֶן (H241) 'in the ears of'.
לָהֶ֖םto themprep + sfx 3mpParticle or relational elementFunction word: 'to them'.
וְלֹ֥אand notconj וְ + neg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'and not'.
יִשְׁמָֽעוּshall hearQal impf 3mp · שָׁמַע (H8085)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalשָׁמַע (H8085) 'shall hear'.
22

הַאוֹתִ֨י לֹא תִירָ֜אוּ נְאֻם יְהֹוָ֗ה אִ֤ם מִפָּנַי֙ לֹ֣א תָחִ֔ילוּ אֲשֶׁר שַׂ֤מְתִּי חוֹל֙ גְּב֣וּל לַיָּ֔ם חָק עוֹלָ֖ם וְלֹ֣א יַעַבְרֶ֑נְהוּ וַיִּֽתְגָּעֲשׁוּ֙ וְלֹ֣א יוּכָ֔לוּ וְהָמ֥וּ גַלָּ֖יו וְלֹ֥א יַעַבְרֻֽנְהוּ

Fear you not me? says YHWH: will you not tremble at my presence, which have placed the sand the bound of the sea by a perpetual decree, that it cannot pass it: and though the waves thereof toss themselves, yet can they not prevail; though they roar, yet can they not pass over it?

Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-orientedasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'fear'.
Word-by-word analysis· 25 words
הַאוֹתִ֨י(obj)interrog. + obj marker + sfx 1cs · אֵת (H853)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H853) '(obj)'.
לֹאnotneg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'not'.
תִירָ֜אוּfearQal impf 2mp · יָרֵא (H3372)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalיָרֵא (H3372) 'fear'.
נְאֻםutterance ofN c · נְאֻם (H5002)Construct chain (genitival)נְאֻם (H5002) 'utterance of'.
יְהֹוָ֗הYHWHN · יְהוָה (H3068)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוָה (H3068) 'YHWH'.
אִ֤םifconj וְ · אִם (H518)Particle or relational elementאִם (H518) 'if'.
מִפָּנַי֙because ofprep + N com c pl constr + sfx 1cs · פָּנִים (H6440)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)פָּנִים (H6440) 'because of'.
לֹ֣אnotneg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'not'.
תָחִ֔ילוּand be in anguishQal impf 2mp · חוּל (H2342)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalחוּל (H2342) 'and be in anguish'.
אֲשֶׁרthatrel. שֶׁ · אֲשֶׁר (H834)Particle or relational elementאֲשֶׁר (H834) 'that'.
שַׂ֤מְתִּיI have setQal perf 1cs · שִׂים (H7760)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actשִׂים (H7760) 'I have set'.
חוֹל֙sandN c · חוֹל (H2344)Construct chain (genitival)חוֹל (H2344) 'sand'.
גְּב֣וּלthe border ofN c · גְּבוּל (H1366)Construct chain (genitival)גְּבוּל (H1366) 'the border of'.
לַיָּ֔םthe seaprep + art + N com m sg abs · יָם (H3220)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יָם (H3220) 'the sea'.
חָקa due ofN c · חֹק (H2706)Construct chain (genitival)חֹק (H2706) 'a due of'.
עוֹלָ֖םperpetuityN c · עוֹלָם (H5769)Construct chain (genitival)עוֹלָם (H5769) 'perpetuity'.
וְלֹ֣אand notconj וְ + neg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'and not'.
יַעַבְרֶ֑נְהוּare crossingQal impf 3ms + sfx 3ms · עָבַר (H5674)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalעָבַר (H5674) 'are crossing'.
וַיִּֽתְגָּעֲשׁוּ֙andconj וְ + Hithpael wayyiqtol 3mp · גָּעַשׁ (H1607)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceגָּעַשׁ (H1607) 'and'.
וְלֹ֣אand notconj וְ + neg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'and not'.
יוּכָ֔לוּwere able [Kethiv]Qal impf 3mp · יָכֹל (H3201)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalיָכֹל (H3201) 'were able [Kethiv]'.
וְהָמ֥וּclamorousconj וְ + Qal q 3cp · הָמָה (H1993)Particle or relational elementהָמָה (H1993) 'clamorous'.
גַלָּ֖יוthe heapN c · גַּל (H1530)Construct chain (genitival)גַּל (H1530) 'the heap'.
וְלֹ֥אand notconj וְ + neg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'and not'.
יַעַבְרֻֽנְהוּare crossingQal impf 3mp + sfx 3ms · עָבַר (H5674)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalעָבַר (H5674) 'are crossing'.
23

וְלָעָ֤ם הַזֶּה֙ הָיָ֔ה לֵ֖ב סוֹרֵ֣ר וּמוֹרֶ֑ה סָ֖רוּ וַיֵּלֵֽכוּ

But this people has a revolting and a rebellious heart; they are revolted and gone.

Qatal — perfective or stative predication
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Qatal — perfective or stative predication. Lead predicate is 'was'.
Word-by-word analysis· 8 words
וְלָעָ֤םthe peopleconj וְ + prep + art + N com m sg abs · עַם (H5971)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עַם (H5971) 'the people'.
הַזֶּה֙thisart + dem. pron xms · זֶה (H2088)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)זֶה (H2088) 'this'.
הָיָ֔הwasQal perf 3ms · הָיָה (H1961)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actהָיָה (H1961) 'was'.
לֵ֖בthe heart ofN c · לֵב (H3820)Construct chain (genitival)לֵב (H3820) 'the heart of'.
סוֹרֵ֣רstubbornQal ptc ms · סָרַר (H5637)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorסָרַר (H5637) 'stubborn'.
וּמוֹרֶ֑הand rebelliousconj וְ + Qal ptc ms · מָרָה (H4784)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorמָרָה (H4784) 'and rebellious'.
סָ֖רוּthey have turned asideQal perf 3cp · סוּר (H5493)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actסוּר (H5493) 'they have turned aside'.
וַיֵּלֵֽכוּand they wentconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3mp · הָלַךְ (H3212)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceהָלַךְ (H3212) 'and they went'.
24

וְלֹֽא אָמְר֣וּ בִלְבָבָ֗ם נִ֤ירָא נָא֙ אֶת יְהוָ֣ה אֱלֹהֵ֔ינוּ הַנֹּתֵ֗ן גֶּ֛שֶׁם וירה יוֹרֶ֥ה וּמַלְק֖וֹשׁ בְּעִתּ֑וֹ שְׁבֻע֛וֹת חֻקּ֥וֹת קָצִ֖יר יִשְׁמָר לָֽנוּ

Neither say they in their heart, Let us now fear YHWH our God, that giveth rain, both the former and the latter, in his season: he reserveth to us the appointed weeks of the harvest.

Qatal — perfective or stative predication
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Qatal — perfective or stative predication. Lead predicate is 'they said'. Speech formula or quoted address.
Word-by-word analysis· 19 words
וְלֹֽאand notconj וְ + neg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'and not'.
אָמְר֣וּthey saidQal perf 3cp · אָמַר (H559)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actאָמַר (H559) 'they said'.
בִלְבָבָ֗םin their heartprep + N com m sg constr + sfx 3mp · לֵבָב (H3824)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)לֵבָב (H3824) 'in their heart'.
נִ֤ירָאfearQal cohortative 1cp · יָרֵא (H3372)Predicate verb (weqatal / cohortative)→ Weqatal/cohortative: sequential or volitionalיָרֵא (H3372) 'fear'.
נָא֙pleaseparticle · נָא (H4994)Particle or relational elementנָא (H4994) 'please'.
אֶת(obj)obj marker · אֵת (H853)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H853) '(obj)'.
יְהוָ֣הYHWHN · יְהוָה (H3068)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוָה (H3068) 'YHWH'.
אֱלֹהֵ֔ינוּour GodN c · אֱלֹהִים (H430)Construct chain (genitival)אֱלֹהִים (H430) 'our God'.
הַנֹּתֵ֗ןwho givesart + Qal ptc ms · נָתַן (H5414)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorנָתַן (H5414) 'who gives'.
גֶּ֛שֶׁםthe rainN c · גֶּשֶׁם (H1653)Construct chain (genitival)גֶּשֶׁם (H1653) 'the rain'.
וירהthe early rainconj וְ + N com m sg abs · יוֹרֶה (H3138)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יוֹרֶה (H3138) 'the early rain'.
יוֹרֶ֥הthe early rainN c · יוֹרֶה (H3138)Construct chain (genitival)יוֹרֶה (H3138) 'the early rain'.
וּמַלְק֖וֹשׁand the later rainconj וְ + N com m sg abs · מַלְקוֹשׁ (H4456)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מַלְקוֹשׁ (H4456) 'and the later rain'.
בְּעִתּ֑וֹin its seasonprep + N com c sg constr + sfx 3ms · עֵת (H6256)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עֵת (H6256) 'in its season'.
שְׁבֻע֛וֹתweeksN c · שָׁבוּעַ (H7620)Construct chain (genitival)שָׁבוּעַ (H7620) 'weeks'.
חֻקּ֥וֹתa statute ofN c · חֻקָּה (H2708)Construct chain (genitival)חֻקָּה (H2708) 'a statute of'.
קָצִ֖ירharvest ofN c · קָצִיר (H7105)Construct chain (genitival)קָצִיר (H7105) 'harvest of'.
יִשְׁמָרand you shall keepQal impf 3ms · שָׁמַר (H8104)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalשָׁמַר (H8104) 'and you shall keep'.
לָֽנוּto usprep + sfx 1cpParticle or relational elementFunction word: 'to us'.
25

עֲוֺנוֹתֵיכֶ֖ם הִטּוּ אֵ֑לֶּה וְחַטֹּ֣אותֵיכֶ֔ם מָנְע֥וּ הַטּ֖וֹב מִכֶּֽם

Your iniquities have turned away these , and your sins have withholden good from you.

Qatal — perfective or stative predicationasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Qatal — perfective or stative predication. Lead predicate is 'stretch out'.
Word-by-word analysis· 7 words
עֲוֺנוֹתֵיכֶ֖םthe iniquity ofN c · עָוֹן (H5771)Construct chain (genitival)עָוֹן (H5771) 'the iniquity of'.
הִטּוּstretch outHiphil perf 3cp · נָטָה (H5186)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actנָטָה (H5186) 'stretch out'.
אֵ֑לֶּהthesedem. pron xcp · אֵלֶּה (H428)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֵלֶּה (H428) 'these'.
וְחַטֹּ֣אותֵיכֶ֔םas a sin offeringconj וְ + N com f pl constr + sfx 2mp · חַטָּאת (H2403)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)חַטָּאת (H2403) 'as a sin offering'.
מָנְע֥וּhas withheld youQal perf 3cp · מָנַע (H4513)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actמָנַע (H4513) 'has withheld you'.
הַטּ֖וֹבthe goodart + Adj · טוֹב (H2896)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)טוֹב (H2896) 'the good'.
מִכֶּֽםof youprep + sfx 2mp · מִן (H4480)Particle or relational elementמִן (H4480) 'of you'.
26

כִּי נִמְצְא֥וּ בְעַמִּ֖י רְשָׁעִ֑ים יָשׁוּר֙ כְּשַׁ֣ךְ יְקוּשִׁ֔ים הִצִּ֥יבוּ מַשְׁחִ֖ית אֲנָשִׁ֥ים יִלְכֹּֽדוּ

For among my people are found wicked : they lay wait, as he that setteth snares; they set a trap, they catch men.

Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented
kî-clause (causal, recitative, or evidential). Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'I behold him'.
Word-by-word analysis· 11 words
כִּיforconj וְ · כִּי (H3588)Particle or relational elementכִּי (H3588) 'for'.
נִמְצְא֥וּwere foundN · מָצָא (H4672)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מָצָא (H4672) 'were found'.
בְעַמִּ֖יagainst my peopleprep + N com m sg constr + sfx 1cs · עַם (H5971)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עַם (H5971) 'against my people'.
רְשָׁעִ֑יםthe wickedAdj · רָשָׁע (H7563)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)רָשָׁע (H7563) 'the wicked'.
יָשׁוּר֙I behold himQal impf 3ms · שׁוּר (H7789)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalשׁוּר (H7789) 'I behold him'.
כְּשַׁ֣ךְand subsidedprep + Qal inf constr · שָׁכַךְ (H7918)Infinitive construct→ Infinitive construct: purpose, result, or complementשָׁכַךְ (H7918) 'and subsided'.
יְקוּשִׁ֔יםfowlerN c · יָקוּשׁ (H3353)Construct chain (genitival)יָקוּשׁ (H3353) 'fowler'.
הִצִּ֥יבוּstandingHiphil perf 3cp · נָצַב (H5324)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actנָצַב (H5324) 'standing'.
מַשְׁחִ֖יתto destroyN c · מַשְׁחִית (H4889)Construct chain (genitival)מַשְׁחִית (H4889) 'to destroy'.
אֲנָשִׁ֥יםmenN c · אִישׁ (H376)Construct chain (genitival)אִישׁ (H376) 'men'.
יִלְכֹּֽדוּand was takenQal impf 3mp · לָכַד (H3920)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalלָכַד (H3920) 'and was taken'.
27

כִּכְלוּב֙ מָ֣לֵא ע֔וֹף כֵּ֥ן בָּתֵּיהֶ֖ם מְלֵאִ֣ים מִרְמָ֑ה עַל כֵּ֥ן גָּדְל֖וּ וַֽיַּעֲשִֽׁירוּ

As a cage is full of birds, so their houses full of deceit: therefore they are become great, and waxen rich.

Qatal — perfective or stative predicationasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Qatal — perfective or stative predication. Lead predicate is 'and he grew'.
Word-by-word analysis· 11 words
כִּכְלוּב֙as / likeprep + N com m sg abs · כְּלוּב (H3619)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)כְּלוּב (H3619) 'as / like'.
מָ֣לֵאfull ofAdj · מָלֵא (H4392)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מָלֵא (H4392) 'full of'.
ע֔וֹףbird ofN c · עוֹף (H5775)Construct chain (genitival)עוֹף (H5775) 'bird of'.
כֵּ֥ןsoadv. · כֵּן (H3651)Particle or relational elementכֵּן (H3651) 'so'.
בָּתֵּיהֶ֖םtheir householdsN c · בַּיִת (H1004)Construct chain (genitival)בַּיִת (H1004) 'their households'.
מְלֵאִ֣יםfullAdj · מָלֵא (H4392)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מָלֵא (H4392) 'full'.
מִרְמָ֑הwith deceitN c · מִרְמָה (H4820)Construct chain (genitival)מִרְמָה (H4820) 'with deceit'.
עַלonprep · עַל (H5921)Particle or relational elementעַל (H5921) 'on'.
כֵּ֥ןsoadv. · כֵּן (H3651)Particle or relational elementכֵּן (H3651) 'so'.
גָּדְל֖וּand he grewQal perf 3cp · גָּדַל (H1431)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actגָּדַל (H1431) 'and he grew'.
וַֽיַּעֲשִֽׁירוּmade richconj וְ + Hiphil wayyiqtol 3mp · עָשַׁר (H6238)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceעָשַׁר (H6238) 'made rich'.
28

שָׁמְנ֣וּ עָשְׁת֗וּ גַּ֚ם עָֽבְר֣וּ דִבְרֵי רָ֔ע דִּ֣ין לֹא דָ֔נוּ דִּ֥ין יָת֖וֹם וְיַצְלִ֑יחוּ וּמִשְׁפַּ֥ט אֶבְיוֹנִ֖ים לֹ֥א שָׁפָֽטוּ

They are waxen fat, they shine: yea, they overpass the deeds of the wicked: they judge not the cause, the cause of the fatherless, yet they prosper; and the right of the needy do they not judge.

Qatal — perfective or stative predication
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Qatal — perfective or stative predication. Lead predicate is 'and grew fat'.
Word-by-word analysis· 16 words
שָׁמְנ֣וּand grew fatQal perf 3cp · שָׁמַן (H8080)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actשָׁמַן (H8080) 'and grew fat'.
עָשְׁת֗וּshineQal perf 3cp · עָשַׁת (H6245)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actעָשַׁת (H6245) 'shine'.
גַּ֚םalsoparticle · גַּם (H1571)Particle or relational elementגַּם (H1571) 'also'.
עָֽבְר֣וּcross overQal perf 3cp · עָבַר (H5674)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actעָבַר (H5674) 'cross over'.
דִבְרֵיthe words ofN c · דָּבָר (H1697)Construct chain (genitival)דָּבָר (H1697) 'the words of'.
רָ֔עbadAdj · רַע (H7451)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)רַע (H7451) 'bad'.
דִּ֣יןa pleaN c · דִּין (H1779)Construct chain (genitival)דִּין (H1779) 'a plea'.
לֹאnotneg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'not'.
דָ֔נוּwill vindicateQal perf 3cp · דִּין (H1777)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actדִּין (H1777) 'will vindicate'.
דִּ֥יןa pleaN c · דִּין (H1779)Construct chain (genitival)דִּין (H1779) 'a plea'.
יָת֖וֹםorphanN c · יָתוֹם (H3490)Construct chain (genitival)יָתוֹם (H3490) 'orphan'.
וְיַצְלִ֑יחוּmakes prosperconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3mp · צָלַח (H6743)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceצָלַח (H6743) 'makes prosper'.
וּמִשְׁפַּ֥טand an ordinance,conj וְ + N com m sg constr · מִשְׁפָּט (H4941)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מִשְׁפָּט (H4941) 'and an ordinance,'.
אֶבְיוֹנִ֖יםpoorAdj · אֶבְיוֹן (H34)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֶבְיוֹן (H34) 'poor'.
לֹ֥אnotneg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'not'.
שָׁפָֽטוּand judgeQal perf 3cp · שָׁפַט (H8199)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actשָׁפַט (H8199) 'and judge'.
29

הַֽעַל אֵ֥לֶּה לֹֽא אֶפְקֹ֖ד נְאֻם יְהֹוָ֑ה אִ֚ם בְּג֣וֹי אֲשֶׁר כָּזֶ֔ה לֹ֥א תִתְנַקֵּ֖ם נַפְשִֽׁי

Shall I not visit for these ? says YHWH: shall not my soul be avenged on such a nation as this?

Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-orientedasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'their mustered (men)'.
Word-by-word analysis· 13 words
הַֽעַלoninterrog. + prep · עַל (H5921)Particle or relational elementעַל (H5921) 'on'.
אֵ֥לֶּהthesedem. pron xcp · אֵלֶּה (H428)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֵלֶּה (H428) 'these'.
לֹֽאnotneg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'not'.
אֶפְקֹ֖דtheir mustered (men)Qal impf 1cs · פָּקַד (H6485)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalפָּקַד (H6485) 'their mustered (men)'.
נְאֻםutterance ofN c · נְאֻם (H5002)Construct chain (genitival)נְאֻם (H5002) 'utterance of'.
יְהֹוָ֑הYHWHN · יְהוָה (H3068)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוָה (H3068) 'YHWH'.
אִ֚םifconj וְ · אִם (H518)Particle or relational elementאִם (H518) 'if'.
בְּג֣וֹיwith a nationprep + N com m sg abs · גּוֹי (H1471)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)גּוֹי (H1471) 'with a nation'.
אֲשֶׁרthatrel. שֶׁ · אֲשֶׁר (H834)Particle or relational elementאֲשֶׁר (H834) 'that'.
כָּזֶ֔הlike thisprep + dem. pron xms · זֶה (H2088)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)זֶה (H2088) 'like this'.
לֹ֥אnotneg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'not'.
תִתְנַקֵּ֖םhe shall be punishedHithpael impf 3fs · נָקַם (H5358)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalנָקַם (H5358) 'he shall be punished'.
נַפְשִֽׁיmy soulN c · נֶפֶשׁ (H5315)Construct chain (genitival)נֶפֶשׁ (H5315) 'my soul'.
30

שַׁמָּה֙ וְשַׁ֣עֲרוּרָ֔ה נִהְיְתָ֖ה בָּאָֽרֶץ

A wonderful and horrible thing is committed in the land;

Nominal or particle frameasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Nominal or particle frame.
Word-by-word analysis· 4 words
שַׁמָּה֙a horrorN c · שַׁמָּה (H8047)Construct chain (genitival)שַׁמָּה (H8047) 'a horror'.
וְשַׁ֣עֲרוּרָ֔הandconj וְ + N com f sg abs · שַׁעֲרוּרָה (H8186)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שַׁעֲרוּרָה (H8186) 'and'.
נִהְיְתָ֖הhas [not] been, happenedN · הָיָה (H1961)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)הָיָה (H1961) 'has [not] been, happened'.
בָּאָֽרֶץin the land ofprep + art + N com c sg abs · אֶרֶץ (H776)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֶרֶץ (H776) 'in the land of'.
31

הַנְּבִיאִ֞ים נִבְּא֣וּ בַשֶּׁ֗קֶר וְהַכֹּהֲנִים֙ יִרְדּ֣וּ עַל יְדֵיהֶ֔ם וְעַמִּ֖י אָ֣הֲבוּ כֵ֑ן וּמַֽה תַּעֲשׂ֖וּ לְאַחֲרִיתָֽהּ

The prophets prophesy falsely, and the priests bear rule by their means; and my people love so: and what will you do in the end thereof?

Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-orientedasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'and let them rule'. Closes the chapter.
Word-by-word analysis· 13 words
הַנְּבִיאִ֞יםa prophetart + N com m pl abs · נָבִיא (H5030)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)נָבִיא (H5030) 'a prophet'.
נִבְּא֣וּand they prophesiedN · נָבָא (H5012)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)נָבָא (H5012) 'and they prophesied'.
בַשֶּׁ֗קֶרfalsehoodprep + art + N com m sg abs · שֶׁקֶר (H8267)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שֶׁקֶר (H8267) 'falsehood'.
וְהַכֹּהֲנִים֙and the priestsconj וְ + art + N com m pl abs · כֹּהֵן (H3548)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)כֹּהֵן (H3548) 'and the priests'.
יִרְדּ֣וּand let them ruleQal impf 3mp · רָדָה (H7287)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalרָדָה (H7287) 'and let them rule'.
עַלonprep · עַל (H5921)Particle or relational elementעַל (H5921) 'on'.
יְדֵיהֶ֔םtheir handsN c · יָד (H3027)Construct chain (genitival)יָד (H3027) 'their hands'.
וְעַמִּ֖יand my peopleconj וְ + N com m sg constr + sfx 1cs · עַם (H5971)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עַם (H5971) 'and my people'.
אָ֣הֲבוּloves himQal perf 3cp · אָהַב (H157)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actאָהַב (H157) 'loves him'.
כֵ֑ןsoart · כֵּן (H3651)Particle or relational elementכֵּן (H3651) 'so'.
וּמַֽהand whatconj וְ + interrog. · מָה (H4100)Particle or relational elementמָה (H4100) 'and what'.
תַּעֲשׂ֖וּyou shall doQal impf 2mp · עָשָׂה (H6213)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalעָשָׂה (H6213) 'you shall do'.
לְאַחֲרִיתָֽהּin the latterprep + N com f sg constr + sfx 3fs · אַחֲרִית (H319)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אַחֲרִית (H319) 'in the latter'.