Hebrew Text · Translation · Interlinear · Discourse Structure

The Book of Jeremiah, Chapter 47ירמיהו 47

Each verse opens with the running Hebrew, an English translation, and a discourse note (its connective, relation, and role in the argument). Below follows the word-by-word breakdown in six tiers: gloss, case/state or parsing, syntax, semantic force, and a lexical note.

Case Nominative Genitive Dative Accusative Vocative Verb (no case) Indeclinable

Discourse notes head each verse: relation · connective · clause-flow. Indentation marks prominence — flush-left = main line of argument; indented = supporting / subordinate material.

Theme

Jeremiah 47 (7 verses in the MT) opens: The word of YHWH that came to Jeremiah the prophet against the Philistines, before that Pharaoh smote Gaza. The middle of the chapter continues: Because of the day that cometh to spoil all the Philistines, to cut off from Tyrus and Zidon every helper that remaineth: for YHWH will spoil the Philistines, the remnant of the country of Caphtor. It closes: How can it be quiet, seeing YHWH has given it a charge against Ashkelon, and against the sea shore? there has he appointed it.

Translation & textual notes

The Hebrew base text here follows the Masoretic Text in the Leningrad tradition as represented by the Westminster Leningrad Codex / MorphHB diplomatic stream imported from OSHB; distinctively copyrighted apparatus from BHS or BHQ is not reproduced. Jeremiah 47 comprises 7 verses in MT order. Movement I (vv. 1-4) — The word of YHWH that came to Jeremiah the prophet against the Philistin. The word of YHWH that came to Jeremiah the prophet against the Philistines, before that Pharaoh smote Gaza. Thus says YHWH; Behold, waters rise up out of the north, and shall be an overflowing flood, and shall overflow the land, and all that is therein; the city, and them that dwell therein: then the men shall cry, and all the inhabitants of the land shall. Movement II (vv. 5-7) — Baldness is come upon Gaza; Ashkelon is cut off the remnant of their val. Baldness is come upon Gaza; Ashkelon is cut off the remnant of their valley: how long will you cut thyself? O you sword of YHWH, how long ere you be quiet? put up thyself into your scabbard, rest, and be still. How can it be quiet, seeing YHWH has given it a charge against Ashkelon, and against the sea shore? there has he appointed it. Where English printed Bibles divide verses differently, this annotation follows MT versification throughout.

1

אֲשֶׁ֨ר הָיָ֧ה דְבַר יְהוָ֛ה אֶל יִרְמְיָ֥הוּ הַנָּבִ֖יא אֶל פְּלִשְׁתִּ֑ים בְּטֶ֛רֶם יַכֶּ֥ה פַרְעֹ֖ה אֶת עַזָּֽה

The word of YHWH that came to Jeremiah the prophet against the Philistines, before that Pharaoh smote Gaza.

Qatal — perfective or stative predicationasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Qatal — perfective or stative predication. Lead predicate is 'was'. Opens the chapter.
Word-by-word analysis· 14 words
אֲשֶׁ֨רthatrel. שֶׁ · אֲשֶׁר (H834)Particle or relational elementאֲשֶׁר (H834) 'that'.
הָיָ֧הwasQal perf 3ms · הָיָה (H1961)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actהָיָה (H1961) 'was'.
דְבַרthe matter ofN c · דָּבָר (H1697)Construct chain (genitival)דָּבָר (H1697) 'the matter of'.
יְהוָ֛הYHWHN · יְהוָה (H3068)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוָה (H3068) 'YHWH'.
אֶלtoprep · אֶל (H413)Particle or relational elementאֶל (H413) 'to'.
יִרְמְיָ֥הוּJeremiahN · יִרְמְיָה (H3414)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יִרְמְיָה (H3414) 'Jeremiah'.
הַנָּבִ֖יאthe prophetart + N com m sg abs · נָבִיא (H5030)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)נָבִיא (H5030) 'the prophet'.
אֶלtoprep · אֶל (H413)Particle or relational elementאֶל (H413) 'to'.
פְּלִשְׁתִּ֑יםthe PhilistinesN · פְּלִשְׁתִּי (H6430)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)פְּלִשְׁתִּי (H6430) 'the Philistines'.
בְּטֶ֛רֶםbeforeprep + art · טֶרֶם (H2962)Particle or relational elementטֶרֶם (H2962) 'before'.
יַכֶּ֥הstrikesHiphil impf 3ms · הִכָּה (H5221)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalהִכָּה (H5221) 'strikes'.
פַרְעֹ֖הPharaohN · פַּרְעֹה (H6547)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)פַּרְעֹה (H6547) 'Pharaoh'.
אֶת(obj)obj marker · אֵת (H853)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H853) '(obj)'.
עַזָּֽהGazaN · עַזָּה (H5804)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עַזָּה (H5804) 'Gaza'.
2

כֹּ֣ה אָמַ֣ר יְהוָ֗ה הִנֵּה מַ֜יִם עֹלִ֤ים מִצָּפוֹן֙ וְהָיוּ֙ לְנַ֣חַל שׁוֹטֵ֔ף וְיִשְׁטְפוּ֙ אֶ֣רֶץ וּמְלוֹאָ֔הּ עִ֖יר וְיֹ֣שְׁבֵי בָ֑הּ וְזָֽעֲקוּ֙ הָֽאָדָ֔ם וְהֵילִ֕ל כֹּ֖ל יוֹשֵׁ֥ב הָאָֽרֶץ

Thus says YHWH; Behold, waters rise up out of the north, and shall be an overflowing flood, and shall overflow the land, and all that is therein; the city, and them that dwell therein: then the men shall cry, and all the inhabitants of the land shall howl.

Qatal — perfective or stative predicationasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Qatal — perfective or stative predication. Lead predicate is 'he said'. Speech formula or quoted address.
Word-by-word analysis· 22 words
כֹּ֣הthusart · כֹּה (H3541)Particle or relational elementכֹּה (H3541) 'thus'.
אָמַ֣רhe saidQal perf 3ms · אָמַר (H559)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actאָמַר (H559) 'he said'.
יְהוָ֗הYHWHN · יְהוָה (H3068)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוָה (H3068) 'YHWH'.
הִנֵּהbeholdadv. · הִנֵּה (H2009)Particle or relational elementהִנֵּה (H2009) 'behold'.
מַ֜יִםwaterN c · מַיִם (H4325)Construct chain (genitival)מַיִם (H4325) 'water'.
עֹלִ֤יםgoing upQal ptc mp · עָלָה (H5927)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorעָלָה (H5927) 'going up'.
מִצָּפוֹן֙north ofprep + N com f sg abs · צָפוֹן (H6828)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)צָפוֹן (H6828) 'north of'.
וְהָיוּ֙and they shall beconj וְ + Qal q 3cp · הָיָה (H1961)Particle or relational elementהָיָה (H1961) 'and they shall be'.
לְנַ֣חַלof the brookprep + N com m sg abs · נַחַל (H5158)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)נַחַל (H5158) 'of the brook'.
שׁוֹטֵ֔ףhe had rinsedQal ptc ms · שָׁטַף (H7857)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorשָׁטַף (H7857) 'he had rinsed'.
וְיִשְׁטְפוּ֙he had rinsedconj וְ + Qal impf 3mp · שָׁטַף (H7857)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalשָׁטַף (H7857) 'he had rinsed'.
אֶ֣רֶץthe land ofN c · אֶרֶץ (H776)Construct chain (genitival)אֶרֶץ (H776) 'the land of'.
וּמְלוֹאָ֔הּthe fullness ofconj וְ + N com m sg constr + sfx 3fs · מְלֹא (H4393)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מְלֹא (H4393) 'the fullness of'.
עִ֖ירthe city ofN c · עִיר (H5892)Construct chain (genitival)עִיר (H5892) 'the city of'.
וְיֹ֣שְׁבֵיand the inhabitants ofconj וְ + Qal ptc mp · יָשַׁב (H3427)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorיָשַׁב (H3427) 'and the inhabitants of'.
בָ֑הּin itprep + sfx 3fsParticle or relational elementFunction word: 'in it'.
וְזָֽעֲקוּ֙and they cried outconj וְ + Qal q 3cp · זָעַק (H2199)Particle or relational elementזָעַק (H2199) 'and they cried out'.
הָֽאָדָ֔םthe humanart + N com m sg abs · אָדָם (H120)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אָדָם (H120) 'the human'.
וְהֵילִ֕ל(make to) howlconj וְ + Hiphil q 3ms · יָלַל (H3213)Particle or relational elementיָלַל (H3213) '(make to) howl'.
כֹּ֖לallN c · כֹּל (H3605)Construct chain (genitival)כֹּל (H3605) 'all'.
יוֹשֵׁ֥בdwellingQal ptc ms · יָשַׁב (H3427)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorיָשַׁב (H3427) 'dwelling'.
הָאָֽרֶץthe landart + N com c sg abs · אֶרֶץ (H776)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֶרֶץ (H776) 'the land'.
3

מִקּ֗וֹל שַֽׁעֲטַת֙ פַּרְס֣וֹת אַבִּירָ֔יו מֵרַ֣עַשׁ לְרִכְבּ֔וֹ הֲמ֖וֹן גַּלְגִּלָּ֑יו לֹֽא הִפְנ֤וּ אָבוֹת֙ אֶל בָּנִ֔ים מֵֽרִפְי֖וֹן יָדָֽיִם

At the noise of the stamping of the hoofs of his strong , at the rushing of his chariots, the rumbling of his wheels, the fathers shall not look back to children for feebleness of hands;

Qatal — perfective or stative predicationasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Qatal — perfective or stative predication. Lead predicate is 'and they turned'.
Word-by-word analysis· 15 words
מִקּ֗וֹלfrom the sound ofprep + N com m sg constr · קוֹל (H6963)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)קוֹל (H6963) 'from the sound of'.
שַֽׁעֲטַת֙stampingN c · שַׁעֲטָה (H8161)Construct chain (genitival)שַׁעֲטָה (H8161) 'stamping'.
פַּרְס֣וֹתhoofsN c · פַּרְסָה (H6541)Construct chain (genitival)פַּרְסָה (H6541) 'hoofs'.
אַבִּירָ֔יוhis mighty onesAdj · אַבִּיר (H47)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אַבִּיר (H47) 'his mighty ones'.
מֵרַ֣עַשׁcommotionprep + N com m sg constr · רַעַשׁ (H7494)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)רַעַשׁ (H7494) 'commotion'.
לְרִכְבּ֔וֹchariots ofprep + N com m sg constr + sfx 3ms · רֶכֶב (H7393)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)רֶכֶב (H7393) 'chariots of'.
הֲמ֖וֹןmultitude ofN c · הָמוֹן (H1995)Construct chain (genitival)הָמוֹן (H1995) 'multitude of'.
גַּלְגִּלָּ֑יוandN c · גַּלְגַּל (H1534)Construct chain (genitival)גַּלְגַּל (H1534) 'and'.
לֹֽאnotneg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'not'.
הִפְנ֤וּand they turnedHiphil perf 3cp · פָּנָה (H6437)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actפָּנָה (H6437) 'and they turned'.
אָבוֹת֙fathersN c · אָב (H1)Construct chain (genitival)אָב (H1) 'fathers'.
אֶלtoprep · אֶל (H413)Particle or relational elementאֶל (H413) 'to'.
בָּנִ֔יםsonsN c · בֵּן (H1121)Construct chain (genitival)בֵּן (H1121) 'sons'.
מֵֽרִפְי֖וֹןfromprep + N com m sg constr · רִפְיוֹן (H7510)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)רִפְיוֹן (H7510) 'from'.
יָדָֽיִםhandsN c · יָד (H3027)Construct chain (genitival)יָד (H3027) 'hands'.
4

עַל הַיּ֗וֹם הַבָּא֙ לִשְׁד֣וֹד אֶת כָּל פְּלִשְׁתִּ֔ים לְהַכְרִ֤ית לְצֹר֙ וּלְצִיד֔וֹן כֹּ֖ל שָׂרִ֣יד עֹזֵ֑ר כִּֽי שֹׁדֵ֤ד יְהוָה֙ אֶת פְּלִשְׁתִּ֔ים שְׁאֵרִ֖ית אִ֥י כַפְתּֽוֹר

Because of the day that cometh to spoil all the Philistines, to cut off from Tyrus and Zidon every helper that remaineth: for YHWH will spoil the Philistines, the remnant of the country of Caphtor.

Participle — attendant circumstance or substantival actorasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Participle — attendant circumstance or substantival actor. Lead predicate is 'comes'.
Word-by-word analysis· 21 words
עַלonprep · עַל (H5921)Particle or relational elementעַל (H5921) 'on'.
הַיּ֗וֹםtodayart + N com m sg abs · יוֹם (H3117)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יוֹם (H3117) 'today'.
הַבָּא֙comesart + Qal ptc ms · בּוֹא (H935)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorבּוֹא (H935) 'comes'.
לִשְׁד֣וֹדruinedprep + Qal inf constr · שָׁדַד (H7703)Infinitive construct→ Infinitive construct: purpose, result, or complementשָׁדַד (H7703) 'ruined'.
אֶת(obj)obj marker · אֵת (H853)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H853) '(obj)'.
כָּלallN c · כֹּל (H3605)Construct chain (genitival)כֹּל (H3605) 'all'.
פְּלִשְׁתִּ֔יםthe PhilistinesN · פְּלִשְׁתִּי (H6430)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)פְּלִשְׁתִּי (H6430) 'the Philistines'.
לְהַכְרִ֤יתto cut offprep + Hiphil inf constr · כָּרַת (H3772)Infinitive construct→ Infinitive construct: purpose, result, or complementכָּרַת (H3772) 'to cut off'.
לְצֹר֙Tyreprep + N proper · צֹר (H6865)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)צֹר (H6865) 'Tyre'.
וּלְצִיד֔וֹןSidonconj וְ + prep + N proper · צִידוֹן (H6721)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)צִידוֹן (H6721) 'Sidon'.
כֹּ֖לallN c · כֹּל (H3605)Construct chain (genitival)כֹּל (H3605) 'all'.
שָׂרִ֣ידa survivorN c · שָׂרִיד (H8300)Construct chain (genitival)שָׂרִיד (H8300) 'a survivor'.
עֹזֵ֑רand help youQal ptc ms · עָזַר (H5826)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorעָזַר (H5826) 'and help you'.
כִּֽיforconj וְ · כִּי (H3588)Particle or relational elementכִּי (H3588) 'for'.
שֹׁדֵ֤דruinedQal ptc ms · שָׁדַד (H7703)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorשָׁדַד (H7703) 'ruined'.
יְהוָה֙YHWHN · יְהוָה (H3068)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוָה (H3068) 'YHWH'.
אֶת(obj)obj marker · אֵת (H853)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H853) '(obj)'.
פְּלִשְׁתִּ֔יםthe PhilistinesN · פְּלִשְׁתִּי (H6430)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)פְּלִשְׁתִּי (H6430) 'the Philistines'.
שְׁאֵרִ֖יתa remnantN c · שְׁאֵרִית (H7611)Construct chain (genitival)שְׁאֵרִית (H7611) 'a remnant'.
אִ֥יcoastlands ofparticle · אִי (H339)Particle or relational elementאִי (H339) 'coastlands of'.
כַפְתּֽוֹרfrom CaphtorN · כַּפְתּוֹר (H3731)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)כַּפְתּוֹר (H3731) 'from Caphtor'.
5

בָּ֤אָה קָרְחָה֙ אֶל עַזָּ֔ה נִדְמְתָ֥ה אַשְׁקְל֖וֹן שְׁאֵרִ֣ית עִמְקָ֑ם עַד מָתַ֖י תִּתְגּוֹדָֽדִי

Baldness is come upon Gaza; Ashkelon is cut off the remnant of their valley: how long will you cut thyself?

Qatal — perfective or stative predicationasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Qatal — perfective or stative predication. Lead predicate is 'has come'.
Word-by-word analysis· 11 words
בָּ֤אָהhas comeQal perf 3fs · בּוֹא (H935)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actבּוֹא (H935) 'has come'.
קָרְחָה֙baldnessN c · קָרְחָה (H7144)Construct chain (genitival)קָרְחָה (H7144) 'baldness'.
אֶלtoprep · אֶל (H413)Particle or relational elementאֶל (H413) 'to'.
עַזָּ֔הGazaN · עַזָּה (H5804)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עַזָּה (H5804) 'Gaza'.
נִדְמְתָ֥הceaseN · דָּמָה (H1820)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)דָּמָה (H1820) 'cease'.
אַשְׁקְל֖וֹןAshkelonN · אַשְׁקְלוֹן (H831)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אַשְׁקְלוֹן (H831) 'Ashkelon'.
שְׁאֵרִ֣יתa remnantN c · שְׁאֵרִית (H7611)Construct chain (genitival)שְׁאֵרִית (H7611) 'a remnant'.
עִמְקָ֑םin the valley ofN c · עֵמֶק (H6010)Construct chain (genitival)עֵמֶק (H6010) 'in the valley of'.
עַדuntilprep · עַד (H5704)Particle or relational elementעַד (H5704) 'until'.
מָתַ֖יwheninterrog. · מָתַי (H4970)Particle or relational elementמָתַי (H4970) 'when'.
תִּתְגּוֹדָֽדִיyou shall gash yourselvesHithpolel impf 2fs · גָּדַד (H1413)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalגָּדַד (H1413) 'you shall gash yourselves'.
6

ה֗וֹי חֶ֚רֶב לַֽיהוָ֔ה עַד אָ֖נָה לֹ֣א תִשְׁקֹ֑טִי הֵאָֽסְפִי֙ אַל תַּעְרֵ֔ךְ הֵרָגְעִ֖י וָדֹֽמִּי

O you sword of YHWH, how long ere you be quiet? put up thyself into your scabbard, rest, and be still.

Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-orientedasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'and it had rest'.
Word-by-word analysis· 12 words
ה֗וֹיahparticle · הוֹי (H1945)Particle or relational elementהוֹי (H1945) 'ah'.
חֶ֚רֶבthe swordN c · חֶרֶב (H2719)Construct chain (genitival)חֶרֶב (H2719) 'the sword'.
לַֽיהוָ֔הto YHWHprep + N proper · יְהוָה (H3068)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוָה (H3068) 'to YHWH'.
עַדuntilprep · עַד (H5704)Particle or relational elementעַד (H5704) 'until'.
אָ֖נָהwhereart · אָנָה (H575)Particle or relational elementאָנָה (H575) 'where'.
לֹ֣אnotneg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'not'.
תִשְׁקֹ֑טִיand it had restQal impf 2fs · שָׁקַט (H8252)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalשָׁקַט (H8252) 'and it had rest'.
הֵאָֽסְפִי֙and he gatheredN · אָסַף (H622)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אָסַף (H622) 'and he gathered'.
אַלtoneg. · אֶל (H413)Particle or relational elementאֶל (H413) 'to'.
תַּעְרֵ֔ךְa razorN c · תַּעַר (H8593)Construct chain (genitival)תַּעַר (H8593) 'a razor'.
הֵרָגְעִ֖יyou will find reposeN · רָגַע (H7280)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)רָגַע (H7280) 'you will find repose'.
וָדֹֽמִּיthey are stillconj וְ + Qal impv 2fs · דָּמַם (H1826)Predicate verb (imperative)→ Volitional: imperativeדָּמַם (H1826) 'they are still'.
7

אֵ֣יךְ תִּשְׁקֹ֔טִי וַֽיהוָ֖ה צִוָּה לָ֑הּ אֶֽל אַשְׁקְל֛וֹן וְאֶל ח֥וֹף הַיָּ֖ם שָׁ֥ם יְעָדָֽהּ

How can it be quiet, seeing YHWH has given it a charge against Ashkelon, and against the sea shore? there has he appointed it.

Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-orientedasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'and it had rest'. Closes the chapter.
Word-by-word analysis· 12 words
אֵ֣יךְhowinterrog. · אֵיכָה (H349)Particle or relational elementאֵיכָה (H349) 'how'.
תִּשְׁקֹ֔טִיand it had restQal impf 2fs · שָׁקַט (H8252)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalשָׁקַט (H8252) 'and it had rest'.
וַֽיהוָ֖הand YHWHconj וְ + N proper · יְהוָה (H3068)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוָה (H3068) 'and YHWH'.
צִוָּהcommandedPiel perf 3ms · צִוָּה (H6680)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actצִוָּה (H6680) 'commanded'.
לָ֑הּto herprep + sfx 3fsParticle or relational elementFunction word: 'to her'.
אֶֽלtoprep · אֶל (H413)Particle or relational elementאֶל (H413) 'to'.
אַשְׁקְל֛וֹןAshkelonN · אַשְׁקְלוֹן (H831)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אַשְׁקְלוֹן (H831) 'Ashkelon'.
וְאֶלand toconj וְ + prep · אֶל (H413)Particle or relational elementאֶל (H413) 'and to'.
ח֥וֹףcoast ofN c · חוֹף (H2348)Construct chain (genitival)חוֹף (H2348) 'coast of'.
הַיָּ֖םthe seaart + N com m sg abs · יָם (H3220)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יָם (H3220) 'the sea'.
שָׁ֥םthereart · שָׁם (H8033)Particle or relational elementשָׁם (H8033) 'there'.
יְעָדָֽהּhe designated herQal perf 3ms + sfx 3fs · יָעַד (H3259)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actיָעַד (H3259) 'he designated her'.