Hebrew Text · Translation · Interlinear · Discourse Structure

The Book of Jeremiah, Chapter 45ירמיהו 45

Each verse opens with the running Hebrew, an English translation, and a discourse note (its connective, relation, and role in the argument). Below follows the word-by-word breakdown in six tiers: gloss, case/state or parsing, syntax, semantic force, and a lexical note.

Case Nominative Genitive Dative Accusative Vocative Verb (no case) Indeclinable

Discourse notes head each verse: relation · connective · clause-flow. Indentation marks prominence — flush-left = main line of argument; indented = supporting / subordinate material.

Theme

Jeremiah 45 (5 verses in the MT) opens: The word that Jeremiah the prophet spake to Baruch the son of Neriah, when he had written these words in a book at the mouth of Jeremiah, in the fourth year of Jehoiakim the son of Josiah king of Judah, saying, The middle of the chapter continues: You didst say, Woe is me now! for YHWH has added grief to my sorrow; I fainted in my sighing, and I find no rest. It closes: And seekest you great things for thyself? seek not: for, behold, I will bring evil upon all flesh, says YHWH: but your life will I give to you for a prey in all places whither you goest.

Translation & textual notes

The Hebrew base text here follows the Masoretic Text in the Leningrad tradition as represented by the Westminster Leningrad Codex / MorphHB diplomatic stream imported from OSHB; distinctively copyrighted apparatus from BHS or BHQ is not reproduced. Jeremiah 45 comprises 5 verses in MT order. Movement I (vv. 1-4) — The word that Jeremiah the prophet spake to Baruch the son of Neriah, wh. The word that Jeremiah the prophet spake to Baruch the son of Neriah, when he had written these words in a book at the mouth of Jeremiah, in the fourth year of Jehoiakim the son of Josiah king of Judah, saying, Thus says YHWH, the God of Israel, to you, O Baruch; You didst say, Woe is me now! for YHWH has added grief to my sorrow; I fainted in my sighing,. Movement II (vv. 5) — And seekest you great things for thyself? seek not: for, behold, I will. And seekest you great things for thyself? seek not: for, behold, I will bring evil upon all flesh, says YHWH: but your life will I give to you for a prey in all places whither you goest. Where English printed Bibles divide verses differently, this annotation follows MT versification throughout.

1

הַדָּבָ֗ר אֲשֶׁ֤ר דִּבֶּר֙ יִרְמְיָ֣הוּ הַנָּבִ֔יא אֶל בָּר֖וּךְ בֶּֽן נֵֽרִיָּ֑ה בְּכָתְבוֹ֩ אֶת הַדְּבָרִ֨ים הָאֵ֤לֶּה עַל סֵ֨פֶר֙ מִפִּ֣י יִרְמְיָ֔הוּ בַּשָּׁנָה֙ הָֽרְבִעִ֔ית לִיהוֹיָקִ֧ים בֶּן יֹאשִׁיָּ֛הוּ מֶ֥לֶךְ יְהוּדָ֖ה לֵאמֹֽר

The word that Jeremiah the prophet spake to Baruch the son of Neriah, when he had written these words in a book at the mouth of Jeremiah, in the fourth year of Jehoiakim the son of Josiah king of Judah, saying,

Qatal — perfective or stative predicationasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Qatal — perfective or stative predication. Lead predicate is 'speak'. Opens the chapter.
Word-by-word analysis· 25 words
הַדָּבָ֗רthe wordart + N com m sg abs · דָּבָר (H1697)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)דָּבָר (H1697) 'the word'.
אֲשֶׁ֤רthatrel. שֶׁ · אֲשֶׁר (H834)Particle or relational elementאֲשֶׁר (H834) 'that'.
דִּבֶּר֙speakPiel perf 3ms · דִּבֶּר (H1696)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actדִּבֶּר (H1696) 'speak'.
יִרְמְיָ֣הוּJeremiahN · יִרְמְיָה (H3414)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יִרְמְיָה (H3414) 'Jeremiah'.
הַנָּבִ֔יאthe prophetart + N com m sg abs · נָבִיא (H5030)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)נָבִיא (H5030) 'the prophet'.
אֶלtoprep · אֶל (H413)Particle or relational elementאֶל (H413) 'to'.
בָּר֖וּךְBaruchN · בָּרוּךְ (H1263)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)בָּרוּךְ (H1263) 'Baruch'.
בֶּֽןson ofN c · בֵּן (H1121)Construct chain (genitival)בֵּן (H1121) 'son of'.
נֵֽרִיָּ֑הNeriahN · נֵרִיָּה (H5374)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)נֵרִיָּה (H5374) 'Neriah'.
בְּכָתְבוֹ֩and he wroteprep + Qal inf constr + sfx 3ms · כָּתַב (H3789)Infinitive construct→ Infinitive construct: purpose, result, or complementכָּתַב (H3789) 'and he wrote'.
אֶת(obj)obj marker · אֵת (H853)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H853) '(obj)'.
הַדְּבָרִ֨יםthe wordsart + N com m pl abs · דָּבָר (H1697)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)דָּבָר (H1697) 'the words'.
הָאֵ֤לֶּהtheseart + dem. pron xcp · אֵלֶּה (H428)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֵלֶּה (H428) 'these'.
עַלonprep · עַל (H5921)Particle or relational elementעַל (H5921) 'on'.
סֵ֨פֶר֙the book ofN c · סֵפֶר (H5612)Construct chain (genitival)סֵפֶר (H5612) 'the book of'.
מִפִּ֣יfrom the mouth ofprep + N com m sg constr · פֶּה (H6310)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)פֶּה (H6310) 'from the mouth of'.
יִרְמְיָ֔הוּJeremiahN · יִרְמְיָה (H3414)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יִרְמְיָה (H3414) 'Jeremiah'.
בַּשָּׁנָה֙in the yearprep + art + N com f sg abs · שָׁנָה (H8141)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שָׁנָה (H8141) 'in the year'.
הָֽרְבִעִ֔יתthe fourthart + Adj · רְבִיעִי (H7243)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)רְבִיעִי (H7243) 'the fourth'.
לִיהוֹיָקִ֧יםJehoiakim. Compareprep + N proper · יְהוֹיָקִים (H3079)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוֹיָקִים (H3079) 'Jehoiakim. Compare'.
בֶּןson ofN c · בֵּן (H1121)Construct chain (genitival)בֵּן (H1121) 'son of'.
יֹאשִׁיָּ֛הוּJosiahN · יֹאשִׁיָּה (H2977)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יֹאשִׁיָּה (H2977) 'Josiah'.
מֶ֥לֶךְking ofN c · מֶלֶךְ (H4428)Construct chain (genitival)מֶלֶךְ (H4428) 'king of'.
יְהוּדָ֖הJudahN · יְהוּדָה (H3063)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוּדָה (H3063) 'Judah'.
לֵאמֹֽרsayingprep + Qal inf constr · אָמַר (H559)Infinitive construct→ Infinitive construct: purpose, result, or complementאָמַר (H559) 'saying'.
2

כֹּֽה אָמַ֥ר יְהוָ֖ה אֱלֹהֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל עָלֶ֖יךָ בָּרֽוּךְ

Thus says YHWH, the God of Israel, to you, O Baruch;

Qatal — perfective or stative predicationasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Qatal — perfective or stative predication. Lead predicate is 'he said'. Speech formula or quoted address.
Word-by-word analysis· 7 words
כֹּֽהthusart · כֹּה (H3541)Particle or relational elementכֹּה (H3541) 'thus'.
אָמַ֥רhe saidQal perf 3ms · אָמַר (H559)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actאָמַר (H559) 'he said'.
יְהוָ֖הYHWHN · יְהוָה (H3068)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוָה (H3068) 'YHWH'.
אֱלֹהֵ֣יthe God ofN c · אֱלֹהִים (H430)Construct chain (genitival)אֱלֹהִים (H430) 'the God of'.
יִשְׂרָאֵ֑לIsraelN · יִשְׂרָאֵל (H3478)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יִשְׂרָאֵל (H3478) 'Israel'.
עָלֶ֖יךָupon youprep + sfx 2ms · עַל (H5921)Particle or relational elementעַל (H5921) 'upon you'.
בָּרֽוּךְBaruchN · בָּרוּךְ (H1263)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)בָּרוּךְ (H1263) 'Baruch'.
3

אָמַ֨רְתָּ֙ אֽוֹי נָ֣א לִ֔י כִּֽי יָסַ֧ף יְהוָ֛ה יָג֖וֹן עַל מַכְאֹבִ֑י יָגַ֨עְתִּי֙ בְּאַנְחָתִ֔י וּמְנוּחָ֖ה לֹ֥א מָצָֽאתִי

You didst say, Woe is me now! for YHWH has added grief to my sorrow; I fainted in my sighing, and I find no rest.

Qatal — perfective or stative predicationasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Qatal — perfective or stative predication. Lead predicate is 'have said'. Speech formula or quoted address.
Word-by-word analysis· 15 words
אָמַ֨רְתָּ֙have saidQal perf 2ms · אָמַר (H559)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actאָמַר (H559) 'have said'.
אֽוֹיwoeparticle · אוֹי (H188)Particle or relational elementאוֹי (H188) 'woe'.
נָ֣אpleaseparticle · נָא (H4994)Particle or relational elementנָא (H4994) 'please'.
לִ֔יto meprep + sfx 1csParticle or relational elementFunction word: 'to me'.
כִּֽיforconj וְ · כִּי (H3588)Particle or relational elementכִּי (H3588) 'for'.
יָסַ֧ףhe shall addQal perf 3ms · יָסַף (H3254)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actיָסַף (H3254) 'he shall add'.
יְהוָ֛הYHWHN · יְהוָה (H3068)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוָה (H3068) 'YHWH'.
יָג֖וֹןin sorrowN c · יָגוֹן (H3015)Construct chain (genitival)יָגוֹן (H3015) 'in sorrow'.
עַלonprep · עַל (H5921)Particle or relational elementעַל (H5921) 'on'.
מַכְאֹבִ֑יtheir sufferingsN c · מַכְאוֹב (H4341)Construct chain (genitival)מַכְאוֹב (H4341) 'their sufferings'.
יָגַ֨עְתִּי֙you laboredQal perf 1cs · יָגַע (H3021)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actיָגַע (H3021) 'you labored'.
בְּאַנְחָתִ֔יandprep + N com f sg constr + sfx 1cs · אֲנָחָה (H585)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֲנָחָה (H585) 'and'.
וּמְנוּחָ֖הa resting placeconj וְ + N com c sg abs · מְנוּחָה (H4496)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מְנוּחָה (H4496) 'a resting place'.
לֹ֥אnotneg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'not'.
מָצָֽאתִיI have foundQal perf 1cs · מָצָא (H4672)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actמָצָא (H4672) 'I have found'.
4

כֹּ֣ה תֹּאמַ֣ר אֵלָ֗יו כֹּ֚ה אָמַ֣ר יְהוָ֔ה הִנֵּ֤ה אֲשֶׁר בָּנִ֨יתִי֙ אֲנִ֣י הֹרֵ֔ס וְאֵ֥ת אֲשֶׁר נָטַ֖עְתִּי אֲנִ֣י נֹתֵ֑שׁ וְאֶת כָּל הָאָ֖רֶץ הִֽיא

Thus shall you say to him, YHWH says thus; Behold, which I have built will I break down, and that which I have planted I will pluck up, even this whole land.

Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-orientedasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'you shall say'. Speech formula or quoted address.
Word-by-word analysis· 20 words
כֹּ֣הthusart · כֹּה (H3541)Particle or relational elementכֹּה (H3541) 'thus'.
תֹּאמַ֣רyou shall sayQal impf 2ms · אָמַר (H559)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalאָמַר (H559) 'you shall say'.
אֵלָ֗יוto himprep + sfx 3ms · אֶל (H413)Particle or relational elementאֶל (H413) 'to him'.
כֹּ֚הthusart · כֹּה (H3541)Particle or relational elementכֹּה (H3541) 'thus'.
אָמַ֣רhe saidQal perf 3ms · אָמַר (H559)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actאָמַר (H559) 'he said'.
יְהוָ֔הYHWHN · יְהוָה (H3068)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוָה (H3068) 'YHWH'.
הִנֵּ֤הbeholdadv. · הִנֵּה (H2009)Particle or relational elementהִנֵּה (H2009) 'behold'.
אֲשֶׁרthatrel. שֶׁ · אֲשֶׁר (H834)Particle or relational elementאֲשֶׁר (H834) 'that'.
בָּנִ֨יתִי֙and he builtQal perf 1cs · בָּנָה (H1129)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actבָּנָה (H1129) 'and he built'.
אֲנִ֣יIpron 1cs · אֲנִי (H589)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֲנִי (H589) 'I'.
הֹרֵ֔סutterlyQal ptc ms · הָרַס (H2040)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorהָרַס (H2040) 'utterly'.
וְאֵ֥תand [obj]conj וְ + obj marker · אֵת (H853)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H853) 'and [obj]'.
אֲשֶׁרthatrel. שֶׁ · אֲשֶׁר (H834)Particle or relational elementאֲשֶׁר (H834) 'that'.
נָטַ֖עְתִּיyou will plantQal perf 1cs · נָטַע (H5193)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actנָטַע (H5193) 'you will plant'.
אֲנִ֣יIpron 1cs · אֲנִי (H589)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֲנִי (H589) 'I'.
נֹתֵ֑שׁand uprooted themQal ptc ms · נָתַשׁ (H5428)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorנָתַשׁ (H5428) 'and uprooted them'.
וְאֶתand [obj]conj וְ + obj marker · אֵת (H853)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H853) 'and [obj]'.
כָּלallN c · כֹּל (H3605)Construct chain (genitival)כֹּל (H3605) 'all'.
הָאָ֖רֶץthe landart + N com c sg abs · אֶרֶץ (H776)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֶרֶץ (H776) 'the land'.
הִֽיאthat ispron 3fs · הִיא (H1931)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)הִיא (H1931) 'that is'.
5

וְאַתָּ֛ה תְּבַקֶּשׁ לְךָ֥ גְדֹל֖וֹת אַל תְּבַקֵּ֑שׁ כִּ֡י הִנְנִי֩ מֵבִ֨יא רָעָ֤ה עַל כָּל בָּשָׂר֙ נְאֻם יְהוָ֔ה וְנָתַתִּ֨י לְךָ֤ אֶֽת נַפְשְׁךָ֙ לְשָׁלָ֔ל עַ֥ל כָּל הַמְּקֹמ֖וֹת אֲשֶׁ֥ר תֵּֽלֶךְ שָֽׁם

And seekest you great things for thyself? seek not: for, behold, I will bring evil upon all flesh, says YHWH: but your life will I give to you for a prey in all places whither you goest.

Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-orientedwə
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'are you seeking'. Closes the chapter.
Word-by-word analysis· 26 words
וְאַתָּ֛הand youconj וְ + pron 2ms · אַתָּה (H859)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אַתָּה (H859) 'and you'.
תְּבַקֶּשׁare you seekingPiel impf 2ms · בִּקֵּשׁ (H1245)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalבִּקֵּשׁ (H1245) 'are you seeking'.
לְךָ֥to youprep + sfx 2msParticle or relational elementFunction word: 'to you'.
גְדֹל֖וֹתgreatAdj · גָּדוֹל (H1419)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)גָּדוֹל (H1419) 'great'.
אַלdo notneg. · אַל (H408)Particle or relational elementאַל (H408) 'do not'.
תְּבַקֵּ֑שׁare you seekingPiel jussive 2ms · בִּקֵּשׁ (H1245)Predicate verb (jussive)→ Jussive: volitionalבִּקֵּשׁ (H1245) 'are you seeking'.
כִּ֡יforconj וְ · כִּי (H3588)Particle or relational elementכִּי (H3588) 'for'.
הִנְנִי֩behold, Iadv. + sfx 1cs · הֵן (H2005)Particle or relational elementהֵן (H2005) 'behold, I'.
מֵבִ֨יאam bringingHiphil ptc ms · בּוֹא (H935)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorבּוֹא (H935) 'am bringing'.
רָעָ֤הevilN c · רַע (H7451)Construct chain (genitival)רַע (H7451) 'evil'.
עַלonprep · עַל (H5921)Particle or relational elementעַל (H5921) 'on'.
כָּלallN c · כֹּל (H3605)Construct chain (genitival)כֹּל (H3605) 'all'.
בָּשָׂר֙fleshN c · בָּשָׂר (H1320)Construct chain (genitival)בָּשָׂר (H1320) 'flesh'.
נְאֻםutterance ofN c · נְאֻם (H5002)Construct chain (genitival)נְאֻם (H5002) 'utterance of'.
יְהוָ֔הYHWHN · יְהוָה (H3068)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוָה (H3068) 'YHWH'.
וְנָתַתִּ֨יand I will giveconj וְ + Qal q 1cs · נָתַן (H5414)Particle or relational elementנָתַן (H5414) 'and I will give'.
לְךָ֤to youprep + sfx 2msParticle or relational elementFunction word: 'to you'.
אֶֽת(obj)obj marker · אֵת (H853)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H853) '(obj)'.
נַפְשְׁךָ֙your soulN c · נֶפֶשׁ (H5315)Construct chain (genitival)נֶפֶשׁ (H5315) 'your soul'.
לְשָׁלָ֔לits spoilprep + N com m sg abs · שָׁלָל (H7998)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שָׁלָל (H7998) 'its spoil'.
עַ֥לonprep · עַל (H5921)Particle or relational elementעַל (H5921) 'on'.
כָּלallN c · כֹּל (H3605)Construct chain (genitival)כֹּל (H3605) 'all'.
הַמְּקֹמ֖וֹתthe placesart + N com m pl abs · מָקוֹם (H4725)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מָקוֹם (H4725) 'the places'.
אֲשֶׁ֥רthatrel. שֶׁ · אֲשֶׁר (H834)Particle or relational elementאֲשֶׁר (H834) 'that'.
תֵּֽלֶךְyou shall goQal impf 2ms · הָלַךְ (H3212)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalהָלַךְ (H3212) 'you shall go'.
שָֽׁםthereart · שָׁם (H8033)Particle or relational elementשָׁם (H8033) 'there'.