Hebrew Text · Translation · Interlinear · Discourse Structure

The Book of Jeremiah, Chapter 10ירמיהו 10

Each verse opens with the running Hebrew, an English translation, and a discourse note (its connective, relation, and role in the argument). Below follows the word-by-word breakdown in six tiers: gloss, case/state or parsing, syntax, semantic force, and a lexical note.

Case Nominative Genitive Dative Accusative Vocative Verb (no case) Indeclinable

Discourse notes head each verse: relation · connective · clause-flow. Indentation marks prominence — flush-left = main line of argument; indented = supporting / subordinate material.

Theme

Jeremiah 10 (25 verses in the MT) opens: Hear you the word which YHWH speaketh to you, O house of Israel: The middle of the chapter continues: When he uttereth his voice, a multitude of waters in the heavens, and he causeth the vapours to ascend from the ends of the earth; he maketh lightnings with rain, and bringeth forth the wind out of his treasures. It closes: Pour out your fury upon the heathen that know you not, and upon the families that call not on your name: for they have eaten up Jacob, and devoured him, and consumed him, and have made his habitation desolate.

Translation & textual notes

The Hebrew base text here follows the Masoretic Text in the Leningrad tradition as represented by the Westminster Leningrad Codex / MorphHB diplomatic stream imported from OSHB; distinctively copyrighted apparatus from BHS or BHQ is not reproduced. Jeremiah 10 comprises 25 verses in MT order. Movement I (vv. 1-5) — Hear you the word which YHWH speaketh to you, O house of Israel:. Hear you the word which YHWH speaketh to you, O house of Israel: Thus says YHWH, Learn not the way of the heathen, and be not dismayed at the signs of heaven; for the heathen are dismayed at them. For the customs of the people vain: for cutteth a tree out of the forest, the work of the hands of the workman, with the axe. They deck it with silver and with. Movement II (vv. 6-10) — Forasmuch as none like to you, O YHWH; you great, and your name great in. Forasmuch as none like to you, O YHWH; you great, and your name great in might. Who would not fear you, O King of nations? for to you does it appertain: forasmuch as among all the wise of the nations, and in all their kingdoms, none like to you. But they are altogether brutish and foolish: the stock a doctrine of vanities. Silver spread into plates is. Movement III (vv. 11-15) — Thus shall you say to them, The gods that have not made the heavens and. Thus shall you say to them, The gods that have not made the heavens and the earth, they shall perish from the earth, and from under these heavens. He has made the earth by his power, he has established the world by his wisdom, and has stretched out the heavens by his discretion. When he uttereth his voice, a multitude of waters in the heavens, and he. Movement IV (vv. 16-20) — The portion of Jacob not like them: for he the former of all ; and Israe. The portion of Jacob not like them: for he the former of all ; and Israel the rod of his inheritance: YHWH of hosts his name. Gather up your wares out of the land, O inhabitant of the fortress. For thus says YHWH, Behold, I will sling out the inhabitants of the land at this once, and will distress them, that they may find . Woe is me for my hurt! my wound. Movement V (vv. 21-25) — For the pastors are become brutish, and have not sought YHWH: therefore. For the pastors are become brutish, and have not sought YHWH: therefore they shall not prosper, and all their flocks shall be scattered. Behold, the noise of the bruit is come, and a great commotion out of the north country, to make the cities of Judah desolate, a den of dragons. O YHWH, I know that the way of man not in himself: not in man that walketh to. Where English printed Bibles divide verses differently, this annotation follows MT versification throughout.

1

שִׁמְע֣וּ אֶת הַדָּבָ֗ר אֲשֶׁ֨ר דִּבֶּ֧ר יְהוָ֛ה עֲלֵיכֶ֖ם בֵּ֥ית יִשְׂרָאֵֽל

Hear you the word which YHWH speaketh to you, O house of Israel:

Imperative — volitional addressasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Imperative — volitional address. Lead predicate is 'his hearing'. Opens the chapter.
Word-by-word analysis· 9 words
שִׁמְע֣וּhis hearingQal impv 2mp · שָׁמַע (H8085)Predicate verb (imperative)→ Volitional: imperativeשָׁמַע (H8085) 'his hearing'.
אֶת(obj)obj marker · אֵת (H853)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H853) '(obj)'.
הַדָּבָ֗רthe wordart + N com m sg abs · דָּבָר (H1697)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)דָּבָר (H1697) 'the word'.
אֲשֶׁ֨רthatrel. שֶׁ · אֲשֶׁר (H834)Particle or relational elementאֲשֶׁר (H834) 'that'.
דִּבֶּ֧רspeakPiel perf 3ms · דִּבֶּר (H1696)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actדִּבֶּר (H1696) 'speak'.
יְהוָ֛הYHWHN · יְהוָה (H3068)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוָה (H3068) 'YHWH'.
עֲלֵיכֶ֖םagainst youprep + sfx 2mp · עַל (H5921)Particle or relational elementעַל (H5921) 'against you'.
בֵּ֥יתthe house ofN c · בַּיִת (H1004)Construct chain (genitival)בַּיִת (H1004) 'the house of'.
יִשְׂרָאֵֽלIsraelN · יִשְׂרָאֵל (H3478)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יִשְׂרָאֵל (H3478) 'Israel'.
2

כֹּ֣ה אָמַ֣ר יְהוָ֗ה אֶל דֶּ֤רֶךְ הַגּוֹיִם֙ אַל תִּלְמָ֔דוּ וּמֵאֹת֥וֹת הַשָּׁמַ֖יִם אַל תֵּחָ֑תּוּ כִּֽי יֵחַ֥תּוּ הַגּוֹיִ֖ם מֵהֵֽמָּה

Thus says YHWH, Learn not the way of the heathen, and be not dismayed at the signs of heaven; for the heathen are dismayed at them.

Qatal — perfective or stative predicationasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Qatal — perfective or stative predication. Lead predicate is 'he said'. Speech formula or quoted address.
Word-by-word analysis· 16 words
כֹּ֣הthusart · כֹּה (H3541)Particle or relational elementכֹּה (H3541) 'thus'.
אָמַ֣רhe saidQal perf 3ms · אָמַר (H559)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actאָמַר (H559) 'he said'.
יְהוָ֗הYHWHN · יְהוָה (H3068)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוָה (H3068) 'YHWH'.
אֶלtoprep · אֶל (H413)Particle or relational elementאֶל (H413) 'to'.
דֶּ֤רֶךְthe way ofN c · דֶּרֶךְ (H1870)Construct chain (genitival)דֶּרֶךְ (H1870) 'the way of'.
הַגּוֹיִם֙the nationsart + N com m pl abs · גּוֹי (H1471)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)גּוֹי (H1471) 'the nations'.
אַלdo notneg. · אַל (H408)Particle or relational elementאַל (H408) 'do not'.
תִּלְמָ֔דוּto teachQal jussive 2mp · לִמַּד (H3925)Predicate verb (jussive)→ Jussive: volitionalלִמַּד (H3925) 'to teach'.
וּמֵאֹת֥וֹתthe signsconj וְ + prep + N com c pl constr · אוֹת (H226)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אוֹת (H226) 'the signs'.
הַשָּׁמַ֖יִםthe heavensart + N com m pl abs · שָׁמַיִם (H8064)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שָׁמַיִם (H8064) 'the heavens'.
אַלdo notneg. · אַל (H408)Particle or relational elementאַל (H408) 'do not'.
תֵּחָ֑תּוּbe dismayedN · חָתַת (H2865)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)חָתַת (H2865) 'be dismayed'.
כִּֽיforconj וְ · כִּי (H3588)Particle or relational elementכִּי (H3588) 'for'.
יֵחַ֥תּוּbe dismayedQal impf 3mp · חָתַת (H2865)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalחָתַת (H2865) 'be dismayed'.
הַגּוֹיִ֖םthe nationsart + N com m pl abs · גּוֹי (H1471)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)גּוֹי (H1471) 'the nations'.
מֵהֵֽמָּהtheyprep + pron 3mp · הֵמָּה (H1992)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)הֵמָּה (H1992) 'they'.
3

כִּֽי חֻקּ֥וֹת הָֽעַמִּ֖ים הֶ֣בֶל ה֑וּא כִּֽי עֵץ֙ מִיַּ֣עַר כְּרָת֔וֹ מַעֲשֵׂ֥ה יְדֵ֥י חָרָ֖שׁ בַּֽמַּעֲצָֽד

For the customs of the people vain: for cutteth a tree out of the forest, the work of the hands of the workman, with the axe.

Qatal — perfective or stative predication
kî-clause (causal, recitative, or evidential). Qatal — perfective or stative predication. Lead predicate is 'cut!'.
Word-by-word analysis· 13 words
כִּֽיforconj וְ · כִּי (H3588)Particle or relational elementכִּי (H3588) 'for'.
חֻקּ֥וֹתa statute ofN c · חֻקָּה (H2708)Construct chain (genitival)חֻקָּה (H2708) 'a statute of'.
הָֽעַמִּ֖יםthe peoplesart + N com m pl abs · עַם (H5971)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עַם (H5971) 'the peoples'.
הֶ֣בֶלwith their idolsN c · הֶבֶל (H1892)Construct chain (genitival)הֶבֶל (H1892) 'with their idols'.
ה֑וּאhepron 3ms · הִיא (H1931)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)הִיא (H1931) 'he'.
כִּֽיforconj וְ · כִּי (H3588)Particle or relational elementכִּי (H3588) 'for'.
עֵץ֙woodN c · עֵץ (H6086)Construct chain (genitival)עֵץ (H6086) 'wood'.
מִיַּ֣עַרinto the forestprep + N com m sg abs · יַעַר (H3293)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יַעַר (H3293) 'into the forest'.
כְּרָת֔וֹcut!Qal perf 3ms + sfx 3ms · כָּרַת (H3772)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actכָּרַת (H3772) 'cut!'.
מַעֲשֵׂ֥הthe work ofN c · מַעֲשֶׂה (H4639)Construct chain (genitival)מַעֲשֶׂה (H4639) 'the work of'.
יְדֵ֥יmy handN c · יָד (H3027)Construct chain (genitival)יָד (H3027) 'my hand'.
חָרָ֖שׁa craftsmanN c · חָרָשׁ (H2796)Construct chain (genitival)חָרָשׁ (H2796) 'a craftsman'.
בַּֽמַּעֲצָֽדaxprep + art + N com m sg abs · מַעֲצָד (H4621)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מַעֲצָד (H4621) 'ax'.
4

בְּכֶ֥סֶף וּבְזָהָ֖ב יְיַפֵּ֑הוּ בְּמַסְמְר֧וֹת וּבְמַקָּב֛וֹת יְחַזְּק֖וּם וְל֥וֹא יָפִֽיק

They deck it with silver and with gold; they fasten it with nails and with hammers, that it move not.

Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-orientedasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'be beautiful'.
Word-by-word analysis· 8 words
בְּכֶ֥סֶףfor silverprep + N com m sg abs · כֶּסֶף (H3701)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)כֶּסֶף (H3701) 'for silver'.
וּבְזָהָ֖בand in goldconj וְ + prep + N com m sg abs · זָהָב (H2091)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)זָהָב (H2091) 'and in gold'.
יְיַפֵּ֑הוּbe beautifulPiel impf 3ms + sfx 3ms · יָפָה (H3302)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalיָפָה (H3302) 'be beautiful'.
בְּמַסְמְר֧וֹתinprep + N com c pl abs · מַסְמֵר (H4548)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מַסְמֵר (H4548) 'in'.
וּבְמַקָּב֛וֹתandconj וְ + prep + N com f pl abs · מַקָּבָה (H4717)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מַקָּבָה (H4717) 'and'.
יְחַזְּק֖וּםbe strongPiel impf 3mp + sfx 3mp · חָזַק (H2388)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalחָזַק (H2388) 'be strong'.
וְל֥וֹאnotconj וְ + neg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'not'.
יָפִֽיקstumbleHiphil impf 3ms · פּוּק (H6328)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalפּוּק (H6328) 'stumble'.
5

כְּתֹ֨מֶר מִקְשָׁ֥ה הֵ֨מָּה֙ וְלֹ֣א יְדַבֵּ֔רוּ נָשׂ֥וֹא יִנָּשׂ֖וּא כִּ֣י לֹ֣א יִצְעָ֑דוּ אַל תִּֽירְא֤וּ מֵהֶם֙ כִּי לֹ֣א יָרֵ֔עוּ וְגַם הֵיטֵ֖יב אֵ֥ין אוֹתָֽם

They upright as the palm tree, but speak not: they must needs be borne, because they cannot go. Be not afraid of them; for they cannot do evil, neither also in them to do good.

Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-orientedasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'and he spoke'. Speech formula or quoted address.
Word-by-word analysis· 20 words
כְּתֹ֨מֶרthe palm ofprep + N com m sg constr · תֹּמֶר (H8560)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)תֹּמֶר (H8560) 'the palm of'.
מִקְשָׁ֥הhammered workN c · מִקְשָׁה (H4749)Construct chain (genitival)מִקְשָׁה (H4749) 'hammered work'.
הֵ֨מָּה֙theypron 3mp · הֵמָּה (H1992)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)הֵמָּה (H1992) 'they'.
וְלֹ֣אand notconj וְ + neg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'and not'.
יְדַבֵּ֔רוּand he spokePiel impf 3mp · דִּבֶּר (H1696)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalדִּבֶּר (H1696) 'and he spoke'.
נָשׂ֥וֹאlifts upQal inf abs · נָשָׂא (H5375)Infinitive absolute→ Infinitive absolute: emphasis or attendant actionנָשָׂא (H5375) 'lifts up'.
יִנָּשׂ֖וּאlifts upN · נָשָׂא (H5375)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)נָשָׂא (H5375) 'lifts up'.
כִּ֣יforconj וְ · כִּי (H3588)Particle or relational elementכִּי (H3588) 'for'.
לֹ֣אnotneg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'not'.
יִצְעָ֑דוּsteppedQal impf 3mp · צָעַד (H6805)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalצָעַד (H6805) 'stepped'.
אַלdo notneg. · אַל (H408)Particle or relational elementאַל (H408) 'do not'.
תִּֽירְא֤וּfearQal jussive 2mp · יָרֵא (H3372)Predicate verb (jussive)→ Jussive: volitionalיָרֵא (H3372) 'fear'.
מֵהֶם֙from themprep + sfx 3mpParticle or relational elementFunction word: 'from them'.
כִּיforconj וְ · כִּי (H3588)Particle or relational elementכִּי (H3588) 'for'.
לֹ֣אnotneg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'not'.
יָרֵ֔עוּand it was displeasingHiphil impf 3mp · רָעַע (H7489)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalרָעַע (H7489) 'and it was displeasing'.
וְגַםand alsoconj וְ + particle · גַּם (H1571)Particle or relational elementגַּם (H1571) 'and also'.
הֵיטֵ֖יבhe dealt wellHiphil inf abs · יָטַב (H3190)Infinitive absolute→ Infinitive absolute: emphasis or attendant actionיָטַב (H3190) 'he dealt well'.
אֵ֥יןthere is notneg. · אַיִן (H369)Particle or relational elementאַיִן (H369) 'there is not'.
אוֹתָֽםthemobj marker + sfx 3mp · אֵת (H853)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H853) 'them'.
6

מֵאֵ֥ין כָּמ֖וֹךָ יְהוָ֑ה גָּד֥וֹל אַתָּ֛ה וְגָד֥וֹל שִׁמְךָ֖ בִּגְבוּרָֽה

Forasmuch as none like to you, O YHWH; you great, and your name great in might.

Nominal or particle frameasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Nominal or particle frame.
Word-by-word analysis· 8 words
מֵאֵ֥יןthere is notprep + neg. · אַיִן (H369)Particle or relational elementאַיִן (H369) 'there is not'.
כָּמ֖וֹךָlike youprep + sfx 2ms · כְּמוֹ (H3644)Particle or relational elementכְּמוֹ (H3644) 'like you'.
יְהוָ֑הYHWHN · יְהוָה (H3068)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוָה (H3068) 'YHWH'.
גָּד֥וֹלgreatAdj · גָּדוֹל (H1419)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)גָּדוֹל (H1419) 'great'.
אַתָּ֛הyoupron 2ms · אַתָּה (H859)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אַתָּה (H859) 'you'.
וְגָד֥וֹלgreatconj וְ + Adj · גָּדוֹל (H1419)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)גָּדוֹל (H1419) 'great'.
שִׁמְךָ֖your nameN c · שֵׁם (H8034)Construct chain (genitival)שֵׁם (H8034) 'your name'.
בִּגְבוּרָֽהand like your mighty actsprep + N com f sg abs · גְּבוּרָה (H1369)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)גְּבוּרָה (H1369) 'and like your mighty acts'.
7

מִ֣י לֹ֤א יִֽרָאֲךָ֙ מֶ֣לֶךְ הַגּוֹיִ֔ם כִּ֥י לְךָ֖ יָאָ֑תָה כִּ֣י בְכָל חַכְמֵ֧י הַגּוֹיִ֛ם וּבְכָל מַלְכוּתָ֖ם מֵאֵ֥ין כָּמֽוֹךָ

Who would not fear you, O King of nations? for to you does it appertain: forasmuch as among all the wise of the nations, and in all their kingdoms, none like to you.

Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-orientedasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'fear'.
Word-by-word analysis· 16 words
מִ֣יwhointerrog. · מִי (H4310)Particle or relational elementמִי (H4310) 'who'.
לֹ֤אnotneg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'not'.
יִֽרָאֲךָ֙fearQal impf 3ms + sfx 2ms · יָרֵא (H3372)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalיָרֵא (H3372) 'fear'.
מֶ֣לֶךְking ofN c · מֶלֶךְ (H4428)Construct chain (genitival)מֶלֶךְ (H4428) 'king of'.
הַגּוֹיִ֔םthe nationsart + N com m pl abs · גּוֹי (H1471)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)גּוֹי (H1471) 'the nations'.
כִּ֥יforconj וְ · כִּי (H3588)Particle or relational elementכִּי (H3588) 'for'.
לְךָ֖to youprep + sfx 2msParticle or relational elementFunction word: 'to you'.
יָאָ֑תָהappertainQal perf 3fs · יָאָה (H2969)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actיָאָה (H2969) 'appertain'.
כִּ֣יforconj וְ · כִּי (H3588)Particle or relational elementכִּי (H3588) 'for'.
בְכָלin allprep + N com m sg constr · כֹּל (H3605)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)כֹּל (H3605) 'in all'.
חַכְמֵ֧יthe wise (ones) ofAdj · חָכָם (H2450)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)חָכָם (H2450) 'the wise (ones) of'.
הַגּוֹיִ֛םthe nationsart + N com m pl abs · גּוֹי (H1471)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)גּוֹי (H1471) 'the nations'.
וּבְכָלand with allconj וְ + prep + N com m sg constr · כֹּל (H3605)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)כֹּל (H3605) 'and with all'.
מַלְכוּתָ֖םhis kingdomN c · מַלְכוּת (H4438)Construct chain (genitival)מַלְכוּת (H4438) 'his kingdom'.
מֵאֵ֥יןthere is notprep + neg. · אַיִן (H369)Particle or relational elementאַיִן (H369) 'there is not'.
כָּמֽוֹךָlike youprep + sfx 2ms · כְּמוֹ (H3644)Particle or relational elementכְּמוֹ (H3644) 'like you'.
8

וּבְאַחַ֖ת יִבְעֲר֣וּ וְיִכְסָ֑לוּ מוּסַ֥ר הֲבָלִ֖ים עֵ֥ץ הֽוּא

But they are altogether brutish and foolish: the stock a doctrine of vanities.

Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'so you shall purge'.
Word-by-word analysis· 7 words
וּבְאַחַ֖תoneconj וְ + prep + Adj c · אֶחָד (H259)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֶחָד (H259) 'one'.
יִבְעֲר֣וּso you shall purgeQal impf 3mp · בָּעַר (H1197)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalבָּעַר (H1197) 'so you shall purge'.
וְיִכְסָ֑לוּandconj וְ + Qal impf 3mp · כָּסַל (H3688)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalכָּסַל (H3688) 'and'.
מוּסַ֥רthe discipline ofN c · מוּסָר (H4148)Construct chain (genitival)מוּסָר (H4148) 'the discipline of'.
הֲבָלִ֖יםwith their idolsN c · הֶבֶל (H1892)Construct chain (genitival)הֶבֶל (H1892) 'with their idols'.
עֵ֥ץwoodN c · עֵץ (H6086)Construct chain (genitival)עֵץ (H6086) 'wood'.
הֽוּאhepron 3ms · הִיא (H1931)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)הִיא (H1931) 'he'.
9

כֶּ֣סֶף מְרֻקָּ֞ע מִתַּרְשִׁ֣ישׁ יוּבָ֗א וְזָהָב֙ מֵֽאוּפָ֔ז מַעֲשֵׂ֥ה חָרָ֖שׁ וִידֵ֣י צוֹרֵ֑ף תְּכֵ֤לֶת וְאַרְגָּמָן֙ לְבוּשָׁ֔ם מַעֲשֵׂ֥ה חֲכָמִ֖ים כֻּלָּֽם

Silver spread into plates is brought from Tarshish, and gold from Uphaz, the work of the workman, and of the hands of the founder: blue and purple their clothing: they all the work of cunning .

Participle — attendant circumstance or substantival actorasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Participle — attendant circumstance or substantival actor. Lead predicate is 'and they hammered out'.
Word-by-word analysis· 16 words
כֶּ֣סֶףsilverN c · כֶּסֶף (H3701)Construct chain (genitival)כֶּסֶף (H3701) 'silver'.
מְרֻקָּ֞עand they hammered outPual ptc ms · רָקַע (H7554)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorרָקַע (H7554) 'and they hammered out'.
מִתַּרְשִׁ֣ישׁand Tarshishprep + N proper · תַּרְשִׁישׁ (H8659)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)תַּרְשִׁישׁ (H8659) 'and Tarshish'.
יוּבָ֗אit shall be broughtHophal impf 3ms · בּוֹא (H935)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalבּוֹא (H935) 'it shall be brought'.
וְזָהָב֙and goldconj וְ + N com m sg abs · זָהָב (H2091)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)זָהָב (H2091) 'and gold'.
מֵֽאוּפָ֔זfromprep + N proper · אוּפָז (H210)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אוּפָז (H210) 'from'.
מַעֲשֵׂ֥הthe work ofN c · מַעֲשֶׂה (H4639)Construct chain (genitival)מַעֲשֶׂה (H4639) 'the work of'.
חָרָ֖שׁa craftsmanN c · חָרָשׁ (H2796)Construct chain (genitival)חָרָשׁ (H2796) 'a craftsman'.
וִידֵ֣יand the hands ofconj וְ + N com c du constr · יָד (H3027)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יָד (H3027) 'and the hands of'.
צוֹרֵ֑ףandQal ptc ms · צָרַף (H6884)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorצָרַף (H6884) 'and'.
תְּכֵ֤לֶתblueN c · תְּכֵלֶת (H8504)Construct chain (genitival)תְּכֵלֶת (H8504) 'blue'.
וְאַרְגָּמָן֙and purpleconj וְ + N com m sg abs · אַרְגָּמָן (H713)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אַרְגָּמָן (H713) 'and purple'.
לְבוּשָׁ֔םhis garmentN c · לְבוּשׁ (H3830)Construct chain (genitival)לְבוּשׁ (H3830) 'his garment'.
מַעֲשֵׂ֥הthe work ofN c · מַעֲשֶׂה (H4639)Construct chain (genitival)מַעֲשֶׂה (H4639) 'the work of'.
חֲכָמִ֖יםwiseAdj · חָכָם (H2450)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)חָכָם (H2450) 'wise'.
כֻּלָּֽםall of themN c · כֹּל (H3605)Construct chain (genitival)כֹּל (H3605) 'all of them'.
10

וַֽיהוָ֤ה אֱלֹהִים֙ אֱמֶ֔ת הֽוּא אֱלֹהִ֥ים חַיִּ֖ים וּמֶ֣לֶךְ עוֹלָ֑ם מִקִּצְפּוֹ֙ תִּרְעַ֣שׁ הָאָ֔רֶץ וְלֹֽא יָכִ֥לוּ גוֹיִ֖ם זַעְמֽוֹ

But YHWH the true God, he the living God, and an everlasting king: at his wrath the earth shall tremble, and the nations shall not be able to abide his indignation.

Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'shook'.
Word-by-word analysis· 15 words
וַֽיהוָ֤הand YHWHconj וְ + N proper · יְהוָה (H3068)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוָה (H3068) 'and YHWH'.
אֱלֹהִים֙GodN c · אֱלֹהִים (H430)Construct chain (genitival)אֱלֹהִים (H430) 'God'.
אֱמֶ֔תtrueN c · אֱמֶת (H571)Construct chain (genitival)אֱמֶת (H571) 'true'.
הֽוּאhepron 3ms · הִיא (H1931)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)הִיא (H1931) 'he'.
אֱלֹהִ֥יםGodN c · אֱלֹהִים (H430)Construct chain (genitival)אֱלֹהִים (H430) 'God'.
חַיִּ֖יםaliveAdj · חַי (H2416)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)חַי (H2416) 'alive'.
וּמֶ֣לֶךְand the king ofconj וְ + N com m sg constr · מֶלֶךְ (H4428)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מֶלֶךְ (H4428) 'and the king of'.
עוֹלָ֑םperpetuityN c · עוֹלָם (H5769)Construct chain (genitival)עוֹלָם (H5769) 'perpetuity'.
מִקִּצְפּוֹ֙wrathprep + N com m sg constr + sfx 3ms · קֶצֶף (H7110)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)קֶצֶף (H7110) 'wrath'.
תִּרְעַ֣שׁshookQal impf 3fs · רָעַשׁ (H7493)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalרָעַשׁ (H7493) 'shook'.
הָאָ֔רֶץthe landart + N com c sg abs · אֶרֶץ (H776)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֶרֶץ (H776) 'the land'.
וְלֹֽאand notconj וְ + neg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'and not'.
יָכִ֥לוּand I will provideHiphil impf 3mp · כּוּל (H3557)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalכּוּל (H3557) 'and I will provide'.
גוֹיִ֖םnationsN c · גּוֹי (H1471)Construct chain (genitival)גּוֹי (H1471) 'nations'.
זַעְמֽוֹangryN c · זַעַם (H2195)Construct chain (genitival)זַעַם (H2195) 'angry'.
11

כִּדְנָה֙ תֵּאמְר֣וּן לְה֔וֹם אֱלָ֣הַיָּ֔א דִּֽי שְׁמַיָּ֥א וְאַרְקָ֖א לָ֣א עֲבַ֑דוּ יֵאבַ֧דוּ מֵֽאַרְעָ֛א וּמִן תְּח֥וֹת שְׁמַיָּ֖א אֵֽלֶּה

Thus shall you say to them, The gods that have not made the heavens and the earth, they shall perish from the earth, and from under these heavens.

Nominal or particle frameasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Nominal or particle frame.
Word-by-word analysis· 15 words
כִּדְנָה֙as / likeAdj · דֵּן (H1836)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)דֵּן (H1836) 'as / like'.
תֵּאמְר֣וּןcommandAdj · אֲמַר (H560)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֲמַר (H560) 'command'.
לְה֔וֹם[unparsed]AdjNominal (subject, object, or apposition)Function word: '[unparsed]'.
אֱלָ֣הַיָּ֔אGodAdj · אֱלָהּ (H426)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֱלָהּ (H426) 'God'.
דִּֽיnowAdj · דִּי (H1768)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)דִּי (H1768) 'now'.
שְׁמַיָּ֥אheavenAdj · שָׁמַיִן (H8065)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שָׁמַיִן (H8065) 'heaven'.
וְאַרְקָ֖אandAdj · אֲרַק (H778)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֲרַק (H778) 'and'.
לָ֣אor evenAdj · לָא (H3809)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)לָא (H3809) 'or even'.
עֲבַ֑דוּcutAdj · עֲבַד (H5648)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עֲבַד (H5648) 'cut'.
יֵאבַ֧דוּdestroyAdj · אֲבַד (H7)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֲבַד (H7) 'destroy'.
מֵֽאַרְעָ֛אfromAdj · אֲרַע (H772)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֲרַע (H772) 'from'.
וּמִןandAdj · מִן (H4481)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מִן (H4481) 'and'.
תְּח֥וֹתunderAdj · תְּחוֹת (H8460)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)תְּחוֹת (H8460) 'under'.
שְׁמַיָּ֖אheavenAdj · שָׁמַיִן (H8065)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שָׁמַיִן (H8065) 'heaven'.
אֵֽלֶּהtheseAdj · אֵלֶּה (H429)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֵלֶּה (H429) 'these'.
12

עֹשֵׂ֥ה אֶ֨רֶץ֙ בְּכֹח֔וֹ מֵכִ֥ין תֵּבֵ֖ל בְּחָכְמָת֑וֹ וּבִתְבוּנָת֖וֹ נָטָ֥ה שָׁמָֽיִם

He has made the earth by his power, he has established the world by his wisdom, and has stretched out the heavens by his discretion.

Participle — attendant circumstance or substantival actorasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Participle — attendant circumstance or substantival actor. Lead predicate is 'he did'.
Word-by-word analysis· 9 words
עֹשֵׂ֥הhe didQal ptc ms · עָשָׂה (H6213)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorעָשָׂה (H6213) 'he did'.
אֶ֨רֶץ֙the land ofN c · אֶרֶץ (H776)Construct chain (genitival)אֶרֶץ (H776) 'the land of'.
בְּכֹח֔וֹby his powerprep + N com m sg constr + sfx 3ms · כֹּחַ (H3581)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)כֹּחַ (H3581) 'by his power'.
מֵכִ֥יןreadyHiphil ptc ms · כּוּן (H3559)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorכּוּן (H3559) 'ready'.
תֵּבֵ֖לhabitable partN c · תֵּבֵל (H8398)Construct chain (genitival)תֵּבֵל (H8398) 'habitable part'.
בְּחָכְמָת֑וֹwisdomprep + N com f sg constr + sfx 3ms · חָכְמָה (H2451)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)חָכְמָה (H2451) 'wisdom'.
וּבִתְבוּנָת֖וֹand understandingconj וְ + prep + N com f sg constr + sfx 3ms · תְּבוּנָה (H8394)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)תְּבוּנָה (H8394) 'and understanding'.
נָטָ֥הstretch outQal perf 3ms · נָטָה (H5186)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actנָטָה (H5186) 'stretch out'.
שָׁמָֽיִםheavenN c · שָׁמַיִם (H8064)Construct chain (genitival)שָׁמַיִם (H8064) 'heaven'.
13

לְק֨וֹל תִּתּ֜וֹ הֲמ֥וֹן מַ֨יִם֙ בַּשָּׁמַ֔יִם וַיַּעֲלֶ֥ה נְשִׂאִ֖ים מִקְצֵ֣ה ארץ הָאָ֑רֶץ בְּרָקִ֤ים לַמָּטָר֙ עָשָׂ֔ה וַיּ֥וֹצֵא ר֖וּחַ מֵאֹצְרֹתָֽיו

When he uttereth his voice, a multitude of waters in the heavens, and he causeth the vapours to ascend from the ends of the earth; he maketh lightnings with rain, and bringeth forth the wind out of his treasures.

Infinitive construct — purpose, result, or complementasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Infinitive construct — purpose, result, or complement. Lead predicate is 'his being given'.
Word-by-word analysis· 16 words
לְק֨וֹלto the voice ofprep + N com m sg constr · קוֹל (H6963)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)קוֹל (H6963) 'to the voice of'.
תִּתּ֜וֹhis being givenQal inf constr + sfx 3ms · נָתַן (H5414)Infinitive construct→ Infinitive construct: purpose, result, or complementנָתַן (H5414) 'his being given'.
הֲמ֥וֹןmultitude ofN c · הָמוֹן (H1995)Construct chain (genitival)הָמוֹן (H1995) 'multitude of'.
מַ֨יִם֙waterN c · מַיִם (H4325)Construct chain (genitival)מַיִם (H4325) 'water'.
בַּשָּׁמַ֔יִםin the heavensprep + art + N com m pl abs · שָׁמַיִם (H8064)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שָׁמַיִם (H8064) 'in the heavens'.
וַיַּעֲלֶ֥הand he went upconj וְ + Hiphil wayyiqtol 3ms · עָלָה (H5927)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceעָלָה (H5927) 'and he went up'.
נְשִׂאִ֖יםchiefsN c · נָשִׂיא (H5387)Construct chain (genitival)נָשִׂיא (H5387) 'chiefs'.
מִקְצֵ֣הfrom the end ofprep + N com c sg constr · קָצֶה (H7097)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)קָצֶה (H7097) 'from the end of'.
ארץthe land ofN c · אֶרֶץ (H776)Construct chain (genitival)אֶרֶץ (H776) 'the land of'.
הָאָ֑רֶץthe landart + N com c sg abs · אֶרֶץ (H776)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֶרֶץ (H776) 'the land'.
בְּרָקִ֤יםthe flash ofN c · בָּרָק (H1300)Construct chain (genitival)בָּרָק (H1300) 'the flash of'.
לַמָּטָר֙from the rain ofprep + art + N com m sg abs · מָטָר (H4306)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מָטָר (H4306) 'from the rain of'.
עָשָׂ֔הhe didQal perf 3ms · עָשָׂה (H6213)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actעָשָׂה (H6213) 'he did'.
וַיּ֥וֹצֵאand brought outconj וְ + Hiphil wayyiqtol 3ms · יָצָא (H3318)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceיָצָא (H3318) 'and brought out'.
ר֖וּחַa spirit ofN c · רוּחַ (H7307)Construct chain (genitival)רוּחַ (H7307) 'a spirit of'.
מֵאֹצְרֹתָֽיוthe treasury ofprep + N com m pl constr + sfx 3ms · אוֹצָר (H214)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אוֹצָר (H214) 'the treasury of'.
14

נִבְעַ֤ר כָּל אָדָם֙ מִדַּ֔עַת הֹבִ֥ישׁ כָּל צוֹרֵ֖ף מִפָּ֑סֶל כִּ֛י שֶׁ֥קֶר נִסְכּ֖וֹ וְלֹא ר֥וּחַ בָּֽם

Every man is brutish in knowledge: every founder is confounded by the graven image: for his molten image falsehood, and no breath in them.

Qatal — perfective or stative predicationasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Qatal — perfective or stative predication. Lead predicate is 'was dry'.
Word-by-word analysis· 14 words
נִבְעַ֤רso you shall purgeN · בָּעַר (H1197)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)בָּעַר (H1197) 'so you shall purge'.
כָּלallN c · כֹּל (H3605)Construct chain (genitival)כֹּל (H3605) 'all'.
אָדָם֙manN c · אָדָם (H120)Construct chain (genitival)אָדָם (H120) 'man'.
מִדַּ֔עַתthe knowledge ofprep + N com f sg abs · דַּעַת (H1847)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)דַּעַת (H1847) 'the knowledge of'.
הֹבִ֥ישׁwas dryHiphil perf 3ms · יָבֵשׁ (H3001)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actיָבֵשׁ (H3001) 'was dry'.
כָּלallN c · כֹּל (H3605)Construct chain (genitival)כֹּל (H3605) 'all'.
צוֹרֵ֖ףandQal ptc ms · צָרַף (H6884)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorצָרַף (H6884) 'and'.
מִפָּ֑סֶלa carved imageprep + N com m sg abs · פֶּסֶל (H6459)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)פֶּסֶל (H6459) 'a carved image'.
כִּ֛יforconj וְ · כִּי (H3588)Particle or relational elementכִּי (H3588) 'for'.
שֶׁ֥קֶרfalsehoodN c · שֶׁקֶר (H8267)Construct chain (genitival)שֶׁקֶר (H8267) 'falsehood'.
נִסְכּ֖וֹits drink offeringN c · נֶסֶךְ (H5262)Construct chain (genitival)נֶסֶךְ (H5262) 'its drink offering'.
וְלֹאand notconj וְ + neg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'and not'.
ר֥וּחַa spirit ofN c · רוּחַ (H7307)Construct chain (genitival)רוּחַ (H7307) 'a spirit of'.
בָּֽםagainst themprep + sfx 3mpParticle or relational elementFunction word: 'against them'.
15

הֶ֣בֶל הֵ֔מָּה מַעֲשֵׂ֖ה תַּעְתֻּעִ֑ים בְּעֵ֥ת פְּקֻדָּתָ֖ם יֹאבֵֽדוּ

They vanity, the work of errors: in the time of their visitation they shall perish.

Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-orientedasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'may they perish'.
Word-by-word analysis· 7 words
הֶ֣בֶלwith their idolsN c · הֶבֶל (H1892)Construct chain (genitival)הֶבֶל (H1892) 'with their idols'.
הֵ֔מָּהtheypron 3mp · הֵמָּה (H1992)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)הֵמָּה (H1992) 'they'.
מַעֲשֵׂ֖הthe work ofN c · מַעֲשֶׂה (H4639)Construct chain (genitival)מַעֲשֶׂה (H4639) 'the work of'.
תַּעְתֻּעִ֑יםerrorN c · תַּעְתֻּעַ (H8595)Construct chain (genitival)תַּעְתֻּעַ (H8595) 'error'.
בְּעֵ֥תat the timeprep + N com c sg constr · עֵת (H6256)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עֵת (H6256) 'at the time'.
פְּקֻדָּתָ֖םand the fate ofN c · פְּקֻדָּה (H6486)Construct chain (genitival)פְּקֻדָּה (H6486) 'and the fate of'.
יֹאבֵֽדוּmay they perishQal impf 3mp · אָבַד (H6)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalאָבַד (H6) 'may they perish'.
16

לֹֽא כְאֵ֜לֶּה חֵ֣לֶק יַעֲקֹ֗ב כִּֽי יוֹצֵ֤ר הַכֹּל֙ ה֔וּא וְיִ֨שְׂרָאֵ֔ל שֵׁ֖בֶט נַֽחֲלָת֑וֹ יְהוָ֥ה צְבָא֖וֹת שְׁמֽוֹ

The portion of Jacob not like them: for he the former of all ; and Israel the rod of his inheritance: YHWH of hosts his name.

Participle — attendant circumstance or substantival actorasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Participle — attendant circumstance or substantival actor. Lead predicate is 'formed'.
Word-by-word analysis· 14 words
לֹֽאnotneg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'not'.
כְאֵ֜לֶּהlike theseprep + dem. pron xcp · אֵלֶּה (H428)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֵלֶּה (H428) 'like these'.
חֵ֣לֶקportionN c · חֵלֶק (H2506)Construct chain (genitival)חֵלֶק (H2506) 'portion'.
יַעֲקֹ֗בJacobN · יַעֲקֹב (H3290)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יַעֲקֹב (H3290) 'Jacob'.
כִּֽיforconj וְ · כִּי (H3588)Particle or relational elementכִּי (H3588) 'for'.
יוֹצֵ֤רformedQal ptc ms · יָצַר (H3335)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorיָצַר (H3335) 'formed'.
הַכֹּל֙everythingart + N com m sg abs · כֹּל (H3605)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)כֹּל (H3605) 'everything'.
ה֔וּאhepron 3ms · הִיא (H1931)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)הִיא (H1931) 'he'.
וְיִ֨שְׂרָאֵ֔לnow Israelconj וְ + N proper · יִשְׂרָאֵל (H3478)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יִשְׂרָאֵל (H3478) 'now Israel'.
שֵׁ֖בֶטthe tribe ofN c · שֵׁבֶט (H7626)Construct chain (genitival)שֵׁבֶט (H7626) 'the tribe of'.
נַֽחֲלָת֑וֹhis inheritanceN c · נַחֲלָה (H5159)Construct chain (genitival)נַחֲלָה (H5159) 'his inheritance'.
יְהוָ֥הYHWHN · יְהוָה (H3068)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוָה (H3068) 'YHWH'.
צְבָא֖וֹתof troopsN c · צָבָא (H6635)Construct chain (genitival)צָבָא (H6635) 'of troops'.
שְׁמֽוֹhis nameN c · שֵׁם (H8034)Construct chain (genitival)שֵׁם (H8034) 'his name'.
17

אִסְפִּ֥י מֵאֶ֖רֶץ כִּנְעָתֵ֑ךְ ישבתי יֹשֶׁ֖בֶת בַּמָּצֽוֹר

Gather up your wares out of the land, O inhabitant of the fortress.

Imperative — volitional address
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Imperative — volitional address. Lead predicate is 'and he gathered'.
Word-by-word analysis· 6 words
אִסְפִּ֥יand he gatheredQal impv 2fs · אָסַף (H622)Predicate verb (imperative)→ Volitional: imperativeאָסַף (H622) 'and he gathered'.
מֵאֶ֖רֶץfrom the land ofprep + N com c sg constr · אֶרֶץ (H776)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֶרֶץ (H776) 'from the land of'.
כִּנְעָתֵ֑ךְwaresN c · כִּנְעָה (H3666)Construct chain (genitival)כִּנְעָה (H3666) 'wares'.
ישבתיthe inhabitants ofQal ptc fs · יָשַׁב (H3427)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorיָשַׁב (H3427) 'the inhabitants of'.
יֹשֶׁ֖בֶתdid you sitQal ptc fs · יָשַׁב (H3427)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorיָשַׁב (H3427) 'did you sit'.
בַּמָּצֽוֹרin the siegeprep + art + N com m sg abs · מָצוֹר (H4692)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מָצוֹר (H4692) 'in the siege'.
18

כִּֽי כֹה֙ אָמַ֣ר יְהוָ֔ה הִנְנִ֥י קוֹלֵ֛עַ אֶת יוֹשְׁבֵ֥י הָאָ֖רֶץ בַּפַּ֣עַם הַזֹּ֑את וַהֲצֵר֥וֹתִי לָהֶ֖ם לְמַ֥עַן יִמְצָֽאוּ

For thus says YHWH, Behold, I will sling out the inhabitants of the land at this once, and will distress them, that they may find .

Qatal — perfective or stative predication
kî-clause (causal, recitative, or evidential). Qatal — perfective or stative predication. Lead predicate is 'he said'. Speech formula or quoted address.
Word-by-word analysis· 15 words
כִּֽיforconj וְ · כִּי (H3588)Particle or relational elementכִּי (H3588) 'for'.
כֹה֙thusart · כֹּה (H3541)Particle or relational elementכֹּה (H3541) 'thus'.
אָמַ֣רhe saidQal perf 3ms · אָמַר (H559)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actאָמַר (H559) 'he said'.
יְהוָ֔הYHWHN · יְהוָה (H3068)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוָה (H3068) 'YHWH'.
הִנְנִ֥יbehold, Iadv. + sfx 1cs · הֵן (H2005)Particle or relational elementהֵן (H2005) 'behold, I'.
קוֹלֵ֛עַslingQal ptc ms · קָלַע (H7049)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorקָלַע (H7049) 'sling'.
אֶת(obj)obj marker · אֵת (H853)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H853) '(obj)'.
יוֹשְׁבֵ֥יthe inhabitants ofQal ptc mp · יָשַׁב (H3427)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorיָשַׁב (H3427) 'the inhabitants of'.
הָאָ֖רֶץthe landart + N com c sg abs · אֶרֶץ (H776)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֶרֶץ (H776) 'the land'.
בַּפַּ֣עַםat the timeprep + art + N com f sg abs · פַּעַם (H6471)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)פַּעַם (H6471) 'at the time'.
הַזֹּ֑אתthisart + dem. pron xfs · זֹאת (H2063)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)זֹאת (H2063) 'this'.
וַהֲצֵר֥וֹתִיand it will besiegeconj וְ + Hiphil q 1cs · צָרַר (H6887)Particle or relational elementצָרַר (H6887) 'and it will besiege'.
לָהֶ֖םto themprep + sfx 3mpParticle or relational elementFunction word: 'to them'.
לְמַ֥עַןso thatprep · לְמַעַן (H4616)Particle or relational elementלְמַעַן (H4616) 'so that'.
יִמְצָֽאוּthey are findingQal impf 3mp · מָצָא (H4672)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalמָצָא (H4672) 'they are finding'.
19

א֥וֹי לִי֙ עַל שִׁבְרִ֔י נַחְלָ֖ה מַכָּתִ֑י וַאֲנִ֣י אָמַ֔רְתִּי אַ֛ךְ זֶ֥ה חֳלִ֖י וְאֶשָּׂאֶֽנּוּ

Woe is me for my hurt! my wound is grievous: but I said, Truly this a grief, and I must bear it.

Qatal — perfective or stative predicationasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Qatal — perfective or stative predication. Lead predicate is 'I said'. Speech formula or quoted address.
Word-by-word analysis· 12 words
א֥וֹיwoeparticle · אוֹי (H188)Particle or relational elementאוֹי (H188) 'woe'.
לִי֙to meprep + sfx 1csParticle or relational elementFunction word: 'to me'.
עַלonprep · עַל (H5921)Particle or relational elementעַל (H5921) 'on'.
שִׁבְרִ֔יa fracture ofN c · שֶׁבֶר (H7667)Construct chain (genitival)שֶׁבֶר (H7667) 'a fracture of'.
נַחְלָ֖הinflictedN · חָלָה (H2470)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)חָלָה (H2470) 'inflicted'.
מַכָּתִ֑יa blowN c · מַכָּה (H4347)Construct chain (genitival)מַכָּה (H4347) 'a blow'.
וַאֲנִ֣יand Iconj וְ + pron 1cs · אֲנִי (H589)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֲנִי (H589) 'and I'.
אָמַ֔רְתִּיI saidQal perf 1cs · אָמַר (H559)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actאָמַר (H559) 'I said'.
אַ֛ךְonlyparticle · אַךְ (H389)Particle or relational elementאַךְ (H389) 'only'.
זֶ֥הthisdem. pron xms · זֶה (H2088)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)זֶה (H2088) 'this'.
חֳלִ֖יsicknessN c · חֳלִי (H2483)Construct chain (genitival)חֳלִי (H2483) 'sickness'.
וְאֶשָּׂאֶֽנּוּlifts upconj וְ + Qal impf 1cs + sfx 3ms · נָשָׂא (H5375)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalנָשָׂא (H5375) 'lifts up'.
20

אָהֳלִ֣י שֻׁדָּ֔ד וְכָל מֵיתָרַ֖י נִתָּ֑קוּ בָּנַ֤י יְצָאֻ֨נִי֙ וְאֵינָ֔ם אֵין נֹטֶ֥ה עוֹד֙ אָהֳלִ֔י וּמֵקִ֖ים יְרִיעוֹתָֽי

My tabernacle is spoiled, and all my cords are broken: my children are gone forth of me, and they not: none to stretch forth my tent any more, and to set up my curtains.

Qatal — perfective or stative predicationasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Qatal — perfective or stative predication. Lead predicate is 'ruined'.
Word-by-word analysis· 14 words
אָהֳלִ֣יthe tents ofN c · אֹהֶל (H168)Construct chain (genitival)אֹהֶל (H168) 'the tents of'.
שֻׁדָּ֔דruinedPual perf 3ms · שָׁדַד (H7703)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actשָׁדַד (H7703) 'ruined'.
וְכָלand allconj וְ + N com m sg constr · כֹּל (H3605)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)כֹּל (H3605) 'and all'.
מֵיתָרַ֖יtheir cordsN c · מֵיתָר (H4340)Construct chain (genitival)מֵיתָר (H4340) 'their cords'.
נִתָּ֑קוּwere liftedN · נָתַק (H5423)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)נָתַק (H5423) 'were lifted'.
בָּנַ֤יthe sons ofN c · בֵּן (H1121)Construct chain (genitival)בֵּן (H1121) 'the sons of'.
יְצָאֻ֨נִי֙and he went outQal perf 3cp + sfx 1cs · יָצָא (H3318)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actיָצָא (H3318) 'and he went out'.
וְאֵינָ֔םthere is notconj וְ + neg. + sfx 3mp · אַיִן (H369)Particle or relational elementאַיִן (H369) 'there is not'.
אֵיןthere is notneg. · אַיִן (H369)Particle or relational elementאַיִן (H369) 'there is not'.
נֹטֶ֥הstretch outQal ptc ms · נָטָה (H5186)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorנָטָה (H5186) 'stretch out'.
עוֹד֙againart · עוֹד (H5750)Particle or relational elementעוֹד (H5750) 'again'.
אָהֳלִ֔יthe tents ofN c · אֹהֶל (H168)Construct chain (genitival)אֹהֶל (H168) 'the tents of'.
וּמֵקִ֖יםand he aroseconj וְ + Hiphil ptc ms · קוּם (H6965)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorקוּם (H6965) 'and he arose'.
יְרִיעוֹתָֽיthe curtainN c · יְרִיעָה (H3407)Construct chain (genitival)יְרִיעָה (H3407) 'the curtain'.
21

כִּ֤י נִבְעֲרוּ֙ הָֽרֹעִ֔ים וְאֶת יְהוָ֖ה לֹ֣א דָרָ֑שׁוּ עַל כֵּן֙ לֹ֣א הִשְׂכִּ֔ילוּ וְכָל מַרְעִיתָ֖ם נָפֽוֹצָה

For the pastors are become brutish, and have not sought YHWH: therefore they shall not prosper, and all their flocks shall be scattered.

Participle — attendant circumstance or substantival actor
kî-clause (causal, recitative, or evidential). Participle — attendant circumstance or substantival actor. Lead predicate is 'the shepherds'.
Word-by-word analysis· 14 words
כִּ֤יforconj וְ · כִּי (H3588)Particle or relational elementכִּי (H3588) 'for'.
נִבְעֲרוּ֙so you shall purgeN · בָּעַר (H1197)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)בָּעַר (H1197) 'so you shall purge'.
הָֽרֹעִ֔יםthe shepherdsart + Qal ptc mp · רָעָה (H7462)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorרָעָה (H7462) 'the shepherds'.
וְאֶתand [obj]conj וְ + obj marker · אֵת (H853)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H853) 'and [obj]'.
יְהוָ֖הYHWHN · יְהוָה (H3068)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוָה (H3068) 'YHWH'.
לֹ֣אnotneg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'not'.
דָרָ֑שׁוּI will requireQal perf 3cp · דָּרַשׁ (H1875)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actדָּרַשׁ (H1875) 'I will require'.
עַלonprep · עַל (H5921)Particle or relational elementעַל (H5921) 'on'.
כֵּן֙soadv. · כֵּן (H3651)Particle or relational elementכֵּן (H3651) 'so'.
לֹ֣אnotneg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'not'.
הִשְׂכִּ֔ילוּyou may prosperHiphil perf 3cp · שָׂכַל (H7919)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actשָׂכַל (H7919) 'you may prosper'.
וְכָלand allconj וְ + N com m sg constr · כֹּל (H3605)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)כֹּל (H3605) 'and all'.
מַרְעִיתָ֖םflockN c · מִרְעִית (H4830)Construct chain (genitival)מִרְעִית (H4830) 'flock'.
נָפֽוֹצָהand let be scatteredN · פוּץ (H6327)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)פוּץ (H6327) 'and let be scattered'.
22

ק֤וֹל שְׁמוּעָה֙ הִנֵּ֣ה בָאָ֔ה וְרַ֥עַשׁ גָּד֖וֹל מֵאֶ֣רֶץ צָפ֑וֹן לָשׂ֞וּם אֶת עָרֵ֧י יְהוּדָ֛ה שְׁמָמָ֖ה מְע֥וֹן תַּנִּֽים

Behold, the noise of the bruit is come, and a great commotion out of the north country, to make the cities of Judah desolate, a den of dragons.

Participle — attendant circumstance or substantival actorasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Participle — attendant circumstance or substantival actor. Lead predicate is 'has come'.
Word-by-word analysis· 15 words
ק֤וֹלthe sound ofN c · קוֹל (H6963)Construct chain (genitival)קוֹל (H6963) 'the sound of'.
שְׁמוּעָה֙bruitN c · שְׁמוּעָה (H8052)Construct chain (genitival)שְׁמוּעָה (H8052) 'bruit'.
הִנֵּ֣הbeholdadv. · הִנֵּה (H2009)Particle or relational elementהִנֵּה (H2009) 'behold'.
בָאָ֔הhas comeQal ptc fs · בּוֹא (H935)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorבּוֹא (H935) 'has come'.
וְרַ֥עַשׁcommotionconj וְ + N com m sg abs · רַעַשׁ (H7494)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)רַעַשׁ (H7494) 'commotion'.
גָּד֖וֹלgreatAdj · גָּדוֹל (H1419)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)גָּדוֹל (H1419) 'great'.
מֵאֶ֣רֶץfrom the land ofprep + N com c sg constr · אֶרֶץ (H776)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֶרֶץ (H776) 'from the land of'.
צָפ֑וֹןnorthN c · צָפוֹן (H6828)Construct chain (genitival)צָפוֹן (H6828) 'north'.
לָשׂ֞וּםto putprep + Qal inf constr · שִׂים (H7760)Infinitive construct→ Infinitive construct: purpose, result, or complementשִׂים (H7760) 'to put'.
אֶת(obj)obj marker · אֵת (H853)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H853) '(obj)'.
עָרֵ֧יthe cities ofN c · עִיר (H5892)Construct chain (genitival)עִיר (H5892) 'the cities of'.
יְהוּדָ֛הJudahN · יְהוּדָה (H3063)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוּדָה (H3063) 'Judah'.
שְׁמָמָ֖הa desolationN c · שְׁמָמָה (H8077)Construct chain (genitival)שְׁמָמָה (H8077) 'a desolation'.
מְע֥וֹןfrom the dwelling ofN c · מָעוֹן (H4583)Construct chain (genitival)מָעוֹן (H4583) 'from the dwelling of'.
תַּנִּֽיםserpentsN c · תַּנִּין (H8577)Construct chain (genitival)תַּנִּין (H8577) 'serpents'.
23

יָדַ֣עְתִּי יְהוָ֔ה כִּ֛י לֹ֥א לָאָדָ֖ם דַּרְכּ֑וֹ לֹֽא לְאִ֣ישׁ הֹלֵ֔ךְ וְהָכִ֖ין אֶֽת צַעֲדֽוֹ

O YHWH, I know that the way of man not in himself: not in man that walketh to direct his steps.

Qatal — perfective or stative predicationasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Qatal — perfective or stative predication. Lead predicate is 'I know'.
Word-by-word analysis· 12 words
יָדַ֣עְתִּיI knowQal perf 1cs · יָדַע (H3045)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actיָדַע (H3045) 'I know'.
יְהוָ֔הYHWHN · יְהוָה (H3068)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוָה (H3068) 'YHWH'.
כִּ֛יforconj וְ · כִּי (H3588)Particle or relational elementכִּי (H3588) 'for'.
לֹ֥אnotneg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'not'.
לָאָדָ֖םto manprep + art + N com m sg abs · אָדָם (H120)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אָדָם (H120) 'to man'.
דַּרְכּ֑וֹhis journeyN c · דֶּרֶךְ (H1870)Construct chain (genitival)דֶּרֶךְ (H1870) 'his journey'.
לֹֽאnotneg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'not'.
לְאִ֣ישׁto a manprep + N com m sg abs · אִישׁ (H376)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אִישׁ (H376) 'to a man'.
הֹלֵ֔ךְwentQal ptc ms · הָלַךְ (H1980)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorהָלַךְ (H1980) 'went'.
וְהָכִ֖יןreadyconj וְ + Hiphil inf constr · כּוּן (H3559)Infinitive construct→ Infinitive construct: purpose, result, or complementכּוּן (H3559) 'ready'.
אֶֽת(obj)obj marker · אֵת (H853)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H853) '(obj)'.
צַעֲדֽוֹpaceN c · צַעַד (H6806)Construct chain (genitival)צַעַד (H6806) 'pace'.
24

יַסְּרֵ֥נִי יְהוָ֖ה אַךְ בְּמִשְׁפָּ֑ט אַל בְּאַפְּךָ֖ פֶּן תַּמְעִטֵֽנִי

O YHWH, correct me, but with judgment; not in your anger, lest you bring me to nothing.

Imperative — volitional address
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Imperative — volitional address. Lead predicate is 'and they discipline'.
Word-by-word analysis· 8 words
יַסְּרֵ֥נִיand they disciplinePiel impv 2ms + sfx 1cs · יָסַר (H3256)Predicate verb (imperative)→ Volitional: imperativeיָסַר (H3256) 'and they discipline'.
יְהוָ֖הYHWHN · יְהוָה (H3068)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוָה (H3068) 'YHWH'.
אַךְonlyparticle · אַךְ (H389)Particle or relational elementאַךְ (H389) 'only'.
בְּמִשְׁפָּ֑טin judgmentprep + N com m sg abs · מִשְׁפָּט (H4941)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מִשְׁפָּט (H4941) 'in judgment'.
אַלdo notneg. · אַל (H408)Particle or relational elementאַל (H408) 'do not'.
בְּאַפְּךָ֖in your nostrilprep + N com m sg constr + sfx 2ms · אַף (H639)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אַף (H639) 'in your nostril'.
פֶּןlestconj וְ · פֶּן (H6435)Particle or relational elementפֶּן (H6435) 'lest'.
תַּמְעִטֵֽנִיand the one who gathered littleHiphil impf 2ms + sfx 1cs · מָעַט (H4591)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalמָעַט (H4591) 'and the one who gathered little'.
25

שְׁפֹ֣ךְ חֲמָתְךָ֗ עַל הַגּוֹיִם֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר לֹֽא יְדָע֔וּךָ וְעַל֙ מִשְׁפָּח֔וֹת אֲשֶׁ֥ר בְּשִׁמְךָ֖ לֹ֣א קָרָ֑אוּ כִּֽי אָכְל֣וּ אֶֽת יַעֲקֹ֗ב וַאֲכָלֻ֨הוּ֙ וַיְכַלֻּ֔הוּ וְאֶת נָוֵ֖הוּ הֵשַֽׁמּוּ

Pour out your fury upon the heathen that know you not, and upon the families that call not on your name: for they have eaten up Jacob, and devoured him, and consumed him, and have made his habitation desolate.

Imperative — volitional addressasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Imperative — volitional address. Lead predicate is 'one who sheds'. Closes the chapter.
Word-by-word analysis· 22 words
שְׁפֹ֣ךְone who shedsQal impv 2ms · שָׁפַךְ (H8210)Predicate verb (imperative)→ Volitional: imperativeשָׁפַךְ (H8210) 'one who sheds'.
חֲמָתְךָ֗the venom ofN c · חֵמָה (H2534)Construct chain (genitival)חֵמָה (H2534) 'the venom of'.
עַלonprep · עַל (H5921)Particle or relational elementעַל (H5921) 'on'.
הַגּוֹיִם֙the nationsart + N com m pl abs · גּוֹי (H1471)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)גּוֹי (H1471) 'the nations'.
אֲשֶׁ֣רthatrel. שֶׁ · אֲשֶׁר (H834)Particle or relational elementאֲשֶׁר (H834) 'that'.
לֹֽאnotneg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'not'.
יְדָע֔וּךָI knowQal perf 3cp + sfx 2ms · יָדַע (H3045)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actיָדַע (H3045) 'I know'.
וְעַל֙and onconj וְ + prep · עַל (H5921)Particle or relational elementעַל (H5921) 'and on'.
מִשְׁפָּח֔וֹתclans ofN c · מִשְׁפָּחָה (H4940)Construct chain (genitival)מִשְׁפָּחָה (H4940) 'clans of'.
אֲשֶׁ֥רthatrel. שֶׁ · אֲשֶׁר (H834)Particle or relational elementאֲשֶׁר (H834) 'that'.
בְּשִׁמְךָ֖in your nameprep + N com m sg constr + sfx 2ms · שֵׁם (H8034)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שֵׁם (H8034) 'in your name'.
לֹ֣אnotneg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'not'.
קָרָ֑אוּand he calledQal perf 3cp · קָרָא (H7121)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actקָרָא (H7121) 'and he called'.
כִּֽיforconj וְ · כִּי (H3588)Particle or relational elementכִּי (H3588) 'for'.
אָכְל֣וּateQal perf 3cp · אָכַל (H398)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actאָכַל (H398) 'ate'.
אֶֽת(obj)obj marker · אֵת (H853)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H853) '(obj)'.
יַעֲקֹ֗בJacobN · יַעֲקֹב (H3290)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יַעֲקֹב (H3290) 'Jacob'.
וַאֲכָלֻ֨הוּ֙and they shall eat itconj וְ + Qal perf 3cp + sfx 3ms · אָכַל (H398)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actאָכַל (H398) 'and they shall eat it'.
וַיְכַלֻּ֔הוּand he finishedconj וְ + Piel wayyiqtol 3mp + sfx 3ms · כָּלָה (H3615)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceכָּלָה (H3615) 'and he finished'.
וְאֶתand [obj]conj וְ + obj marker · אֵת (H853)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H853) 'and [obj]'.
נָוֵ֖הוּthe abode ofN c · נָוֶה (H5116)Construct chain (genitival)נָוֶה (H5116) 'the abode of'.
הֵשַֽׁמּוּand I will desolateHiphil perf 3cp · שָׁמֵם (H8074)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actשָׁמֵם (H8074) 'and I will desolate'.