Hebrew Text · Translation · Interlinear · Discourse Structure

The Book of Isaiah, Chapter 57ישעיהו 57

Each verse opens with the running Hebrew, an English translation, and a discourse note (its connective, relation, and role in the argument). Below follows the word-by-word breakdown in six tiers: gloss, case/state or parsing, syntax, semantic force, and a lexical note.

Case Nominative Genitive Dative Accusative Vocative Verb (no case) Indeclinable

Discourse notes head each verse: relation · connective · clause-flow. Indentation marks prominence — flush-left = main line of argument; indented = supporting / subordinate material.

Theme

Isaiah 57 (21 verses in the MT) opens: The righteous perisheth, and no man layeth to heart: and merciful men taken away, none considering that the righteous is taken away from the evil . The middle of the chapter continues: And of whom have you been afraid or feared, that you have lied, and have not remembered me, nor laid to your heart? have not I held my peace even of old, and you fearest me not? It closes: no peace, says my God, to the wicked.

Translation & textual notes

The Hebrew base text here follows the Masoretic Text in the Leningrad tradition as represented by the Westminster Leningrad Codex / MorphHB diplomatic stream imported from OSHB; distinctively copyrighted apparatus from BHS or BHQ is not reproduced. Isaiah 57 comprises 21 verses in MT order. Movement I (vv. 1-5) — The righteous perisheth, and no man layeth to heart: and merciful men ta. The righteous perisheth, and no man layeth to heart: and merciful men taken away, none considering that the righteous is taken away from the evil . He shall enter into peace: they shall rest in their beds, walking his uprightness. But draw near hither, you sons of the sorceress, the seed of the adulterer and the whore. Against whom do you sport yourselves?. Movement II (vv. 6-10) — Among the smooth of the stream your portion; they, they your lot: even t. Among the smooth of the stream your portion; they, they your lot: even to them have you poured a drink offering, you have offered a meat offering. Should I receive comfort in these? Upon a lofty and high mountain have you set your bed: even thither wentest you up to offer sacrifice. Behind the doors also and the posts have you set up your remembrance: for. Movement III (vv. 11-15) — And of whom have you been afraid or feared, that you have lied, and have. And of whom have you been afraid or feared, that you have lied, and have not remembered me, nor laid to your heart? have not I held my peace even of old, and you fearest me not? I will declare your righteousness, and your works; for they shall not profit you. When you criest, let your companies deliver you; but the wind shall carry them all away; vanity. Movement IV (vv. 16-20) — For I will not contend for ever, neither will I be always wroth: for the. For I will not contend for ever, neither will I be always wroth: for the spirit should fail before me, and the souls I have made. For the iniquity of his covetousness was I wroth, and smote him: I hid me, and was wroth, and he went on frowardly in the way of his heart. I have seen his ways, and will heal him: I will lead him also, and restore comforts to. Movement V (vv. 21) — no peace, says my God, to the wicked. no peace, says my God, to the wicked. Where English printed Bibles divide verses differently, this annotation follows MT versification throughout.

1

הַצַּדִּ֣יק אָבָ֔ד וְאֵ֥ין אִ֖ישׁ שָׂ֣ם עַל לֵ֑ב וְאַנְשֵׁי חֶ֤סֶד נֶֽאֱסָפִים֙ בְּאֵ֣ין מֵבִ֔ין כִּֽי מִפְּנֵ֥י הָרָעָ֖ה נֶאֱסַ֥ף הַצַּדִּֽיק

The righteous perisheth, and no man layeth to heart: and merciful men taken away, none considering that the righteous is taken away from the evil .

Qatal — perfective or stative predicationasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Qatal — perfective or stative predication. Lead predicate is 'utterly'. Opens the chapter.
Word-by-word analysis· 17 words
הַצַּדִּ֣יקthe righteous [one]art + Adj · צַדִּיק (H6662)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)צַדִּיק (H6662) 'the righteous [one]'.
אָבָ֔דutterlyQal perf 3ms · אָבַד (H6)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actאָבַד (H6) 'utterly'.
וְאֵ֥יןand there is noconj וְ + neg. · אַיִן (H369)Particle or relational elementאַיִן (H369) 'and there is no'.
אִ֖ישׁa manN c · אִישׁ (H376)Construct chain (genitival)אִישׁ (H376) 'a man'.
שָׂ֣םsetQal ptc ms · שִׂים (H7760)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorשִׂים (H7760) 'set'.
עַלonprep · עַל (H5921)Particle or relational elementעַל (H5921) 'on'.
לֵ֑בthe heart ofN c · לֵב (H3820)Construct chain (genitival)לֵב (H3820) 'the heart of'.
וְאַנְשֵׁיand the men ofconj וְ + N com m pl constr · אִישׁ (H376)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אִישׁ (H376) 'and the men of'.
חֶ֤סֶדkindnessN c · חֶסֶד (H2617)Construct chain (genitival)חֶסֶד (H2617) 'kindness'.
נֶֽאֱסָפִים֙and he gatheredN · אָסַף (H622)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אָסַף (H622) 'and he gathered'.
בְּאֵ֣יןthere is notprep + neg. · אַיִן (H369)Particle or relational elementאַיִן (H369) 'there is not'.
מֵבִ֔יןdiscerningHiphil ptc ms · בִּין (H995)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorבִּין (H995) 'discerning'.
כִּֽיforconj וְ · כִּי (H3588)Particle or relational elementכִּי (H3588) 'for'.
מִפְּנֵ֥יbecause ofprep + N com c pl constr · פָּנִים (H6440)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)פָּנִים (H6440) 'because of'.
הָרָעָ֖הthe evilart + N com f sg abs · רַע (H7451)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)רַע (H7451) 'the evil'.
נֶאֱסַ֥ףam being gatheredN · אָסַף (H622)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אָסַף (H622) 'am being gathered'.
הַצַּדִּֽיקthe righteous [one]art + Adj · צַדִּיק (H6662)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)צַדִּיק (H6662) 'the righteous [one]'.
2

יָב֣וֹא שָׁל֔וֹם יָנ֖וּחוּ עַל מִשְׁכְּבוֹתָ֑ם הֹלֵ֖ךְ נְכֹחֽוֹ

He shall enter into peace: they shall rest in their beds, walking his uprightness.

Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-orientedasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'he may come'.
Word-by-word analysis· 7 words
יָב֣וֹאhe may comeQal impf 3ms · בּוֹא (H935)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalבּוֹא (H935) 'he may come'.
שָׁל֔וֹםpeaceN c · שָׁלוֹם (H7965)Construct chain (genitival)שָׁלוֹם (H7965) 'peace'.
יָנ֖וּחוּgives restQal impf 3mp · נוּחַ (H5117)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalנוּחַ (H5117) 'gives rest'.
עַלonprep · עַל (H5921)Particle or relational elementעַל (H5921) 'on'.
מִשְׁכְּבוֹתָ֑םthe bedN c · מִשְׁכָּב (H4904)Construct chain (genitival)מִשְׁכָּב (H4904) 'the bed'.
הֹלֵ֖ךְwentQal ptc ms · הָלַךְ (H1980)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorהָלַךְ (H1980) 'went'.
נְכֹחֽוֹandAdj · נָכֹחַ (H5228)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)נָכֹחַ (H5228) 'and'.
3

וְאַתֶּ֥ם קִרְבוּ הֵ֖נָּה בְּנֵ֣י עֹנְנָ֑ה זֶ֥רַע מְנָאֵ֖ף וַתִּזְנֶֽה

But draw near hither, you sons of the sorceress, the seed of the adulterer and the whore.

Imperative — volitional address
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Imperative — volitional address. Lead predicate is 'come near'.
Word-by-word analysis· 8 words
וְאַתֶּ֥םand youconj וְ + pron 2mp · אַתָּה (H859)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אַתָּה (H859) 'and you'.
קִרְבוּcome nearQal impv 2mp · קָרַב (H7126)Predicate verb (imperative)→ Volitional: imperativeקָרַב (H7126) 'come near'.
הֵ֖נָּהhereart · הֵנָּה (H2008)Particle or relational elementהֵנָּה (H2008) 'here'.
בְּנֵ֣יthe sons ofN c · בֵּן (H1121)Construct chain (genitival)בֵּן (H1121) 'the sons of'.
עֹנְנָ֑הa soothsayerPolel ptc fs · עָנַן (H6049)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorעָנַן (H6049) 'a soothsayer'.
זֶ֥רַעseedN c · זֶרַע (H2233)Construct chain (genitival)זֶרַע (H2233) 'seed'.
מְנָאֵ֖ףyou shall commit adulteryPiel ptc ms · נָאַף (H5003)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorנָאַף (H5003) 'you shall commit adultery'.
וַתִּזְנֶֽהa prostituteconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3fs · זָנָה (H2181)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceזָנָה (H2181) 'a prostitute'.
4

עַל מִי֙ תִּתְעַנָּ֔גוּ עַל מִ֛י תַּרְחִ֥יבוּ פֶ֖ה תַּאֲרִ֣יכוּ לָשׁ֑וֹן הֲלֽוֹא אַתֶּ֥ם יִלְדֵי פֶ֖שַׁע זֶ֥רַע שָֽׁקֶר

Against whom do you sport yourselves? against whom make you a wide mouth, draw out the tongue? you not children of transgression, a seed of falsehood,

Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-orientedasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'from delicateness'.
Word-by-word analysis· 15 words
עַלonprep · עַל (H5921)Particle or relational elementעַל (H5921) 'on'.
מִי֙whointerrog. · מִי (H4310)Particle or relational elementמִי (H4310) 'who'.
תִּתְעַנָּ֔גוּfrom delicatenessHithpael impf 2mp · עָנַג (H6026)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalעָנַג (H6026) 'from delicateness'.
עַלonprep · עַל (H5921)Particle or relational elementעַל (H5921) 'on'.
מִ֛יwhointerrog. · מִי (H4310)Particle or relational elementמִי (H4310) 'who'.
תַּרְחִ֥יבוּhe enlargesHiphil impf 2mp · רָחַב (H7337)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalרָחַב (H7337) 'he enlarges'.
פֶ֖הmouthN c · פֶּה (H6310)Construct chain (genitival)פֶּה (H6310) 'mouth'.
תַּאֲרִ֣יכוּyou may prolongHiphil impf 2mp · אָרַךְ (H748)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalאָרַךְ (H748) 'you may prolong'.
לָשׁ֑וֹןtongueN c · לָשׁוֹן (H3956)Construct chain (genitival)לָשׁוֹן (H3956) 'tongue'.
הֲלֽוֹאis it notinterrog. + neg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'is it not'.
אַתֶּ֥םyoupron 2mp · אַתָּה (H859)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אַתָּה (H859) 'you'.
יִלְדֵיmy childrenN c · יֶלֶד (H3206)Construct chain (genitival)יֶלֶד (H3206) 'my children'.
פֶ֖שַׁעtransgression/disputed claimN c · פֶשַע (H6588)Construct chain (genitival)פֶשַע (H6588) 'transgression/disputed claim'.
זֶ֥רַעseedN c · זֶרַע (H2233)Construct chain (genitival)זֶרַע (H2233) 'seed'.
שָֽׁקֶרfalsehoodN c · שֶׁקֶר (H8267)Construct chain (genitival)שֶׁקֶר (H8267) 'falsehood'.
5

הַנֵּֽחָמִים֙ בָּֽאֵלִ֔ים תַּ֖חַת כָּל עֵ֣ץ רַעֲנָ֑ן שֹׁחֲטֵ֤י הַיְלָדִים֙ בַּנְּחָלִ֔ים תַּ֖חַת סְעִפֵ֥י הַסְּלָעִֽים

Enflaming yourselves with idols under every green tree, slaying the children in the valleys under the clifts of the rocks?

Participle — attendant circumstance or substantival actor
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Participle — attendant circumstance or substantival actor. Lead predicate is 'and grew hot'.
Word-by-word analysis· 12 words
הַנֵּֽחָמִים֙and grew hotart + Niphal ptc mp · חַם/חָמַם (H2552)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorחַם/חָמַם (H2552) 'and grew hot'.
בָּֽאֵלִ֔יםGodprep + art + N com m pl abs · אֵל (H410)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֵל (H410) 'God'.
תַּ֖חַתunderprep · תַּחַת (H8478)Particle or relational elementתַּחַת (H8478) 'under'.
כָּלallN c · כֹּל (H3605)Construct chain (genitival)כֹּל (H3605) 'all'.
עֵ֣ץwoodN c · עֵץ (H6086)Construct chain (genitival)עֵץ (H6086) 'wood'.
רַעֲנָ֑ןgreen/luxuriantAdj · רַעֲנָן (H7488)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)רַעֲנָן (H7488) 'green/luxuriant'.
שֹׁחֲטֵ֤יand he shall slaughterQal ptc mp · שָׁחַט (H7819)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorשָׁחַט (H7819) 'and he shall slaughter'.
הַיְלָדִים֙the childrenart + N com m pl abs · יֶלֶד (H3206)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יֶלֶד (H3206) 'the children'.
בַּנְּחָלִ֔יםthe brook ofprep + art + N com m pl abs · נַחַל (H5158)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)נַחַל (H5158) 'the brook of'.
תַּ֖חַתunderprep · תַּחַת (H8478)Particle or relational elementתַּחַת (H8478) 'under'.
סְעִפֵ֥יinN c · סָעִיף (H5585)Construct chain (genitival)סָעִיף (H5585) 'in'.
הַסְּלָעִֽיםthe rockart + N com m pl abs · סֶלַע (H5553)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)סֶלַע (H5553) 'the rock'.
6

בְּחַלְּקֵי נַ֣חַל חֶלְקֵ֔ךְ הֵ֥ם הֵ֖ם גּוֹרָלֵ֑ךְ גַּם לָהֶ֞ם שָׁפַ֥כְתְּ נֶ֨סֶךְ֙ הֶעֱלִ֣ית מִנְחָ֔ה הַ֥עַל אֵ֖לֶּה אֶנָּחֵֽם

Among the smooth of the stream your portion; they, they your lot: even to them have you poured a drink offering, you have offered a meat offering. Should I receive comfort in these?

Qatal — perfective or stative predicationasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Qatal — perfective or stative predication. Lead predicate is 'he shall pour out'.
Word-by-word analysis· 15 words
בְּחַלְּקֵיinprep + Adj · חַלָּק (H2511)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)חַלָּק (H2511) 'in'.
נַ֣חַלthe brook ofN c · נַחַל (H5158)Construct chain (genitival)נַחַל (H5158) 'the brook of'.
חֶלְקֵ֔ךְyour portionN c · חֵלֶק (H2506)Construct chain (genitival)חֵלֶק (H2506) 'your portion'.
הֵ֥םtheypron 3mp · הֵמָּה (H1992)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)הֵמָּה (H1992) 'they'.
הֵ֖םtheypron 3mp · הֵמָּה (H1992)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)הֵמָּה (H1992) 'they'.
גּוֹרָלֵ֑ךְthe lotN c · גּוֹרָל (H1486)Construct chain (genitival)גּוֹרָל (H1486) 'the lot'.
גַּםalsoparticle · גַּם (H1571)Particle or relational elementגַּם (H1571) 'also'.
לָהֶ֞םto themprep + sfx 3mpParticle or relational elementFunction word: 'to them'.
שָׁפַ֥כְתְּhe shall pour outQal perf 2fs · שָׁפַךְ (H8210)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actשָׁפַךְ (H8210) 'he shall pour out'.
נֶ֨סֶךְ֙a libationN c · נֶסֶךְ (H5262)Construct chain (genitival)נֶסֶךְ (H5262) 'a libation'.
הֶעֱלִ֣יתyou brought upHiphil perf 2fs · עָלָה (H5927)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actעָלָה (H5927) 'you brought up'.
מִנְחָ֔הa grain offeringN c · מִנְחָה (H4503)Construct chain (genitival)מִנְחָה (H4503) 'a grain offering'.
הַ֥עַלoninterrog. + prep · עַל (H5921)Particle or relational elementעַל (H5921) 'on'.
אֵ֖לֶּהthesedem. pron xcp · אֵלֶּה (H428)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֵלֶּה (H428) 'these'.
אֶנָּחֵֽםand was comfortedN · נָחַם (H5162)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)נָחַם (H5162) 'and was comforted'.
7

עַ֤ל הַר גָּבֹ֨הַּ֙ וְנִשָּׂ֔א שַׂ֖מְתְּ מִשְׁכָּבֵ֑ךְ גַּם שָׁ֥ם עָלִ֖ית לִזְבֹּ֥חַ זָֽבַח

Upon a lofty and high mountain have you set your bed: even thither wentest you up to offer sacrifice.

Participle — attendant circumstance or substantival actorasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Participle — attendant circumstance or substantival actor. Lead predicate is 'and he shall bear'.
Word-by-word analysis· 11 words
עַ֤לonprep · עַל (H5921)Particle or relational elementעַל (H5921) 'on'.
הַרMountN c · הַר (H2022)Construct chain (genitival)הַר (H2022) 'Mount'.
גָּבֹ֨הַּ֙highAdj · גָּבֹהַ (H1364)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)גָּבֹהַ (H1364) 'high'.
וְנִשָּׂ֔אand he shall bearconj וְ + Niphal ptc ms · נָשָׂא (H5375)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorנָשָׂא (H5375) 'and he shall bear'.
שַׂ֖מְתְּand he setQal perf 2fs · שִׂים (H7760)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actשִׂים (H7760) 'and he set'.
מִשְׁכָּבֵ֑ךְyour bedroomN c · מִשְׁכָּב (H4904)Construct chain (genitival)מִשְׁכָּב (H4904) 'your bedroom'.
גַּםalsoparticle · גַּם (H1571)Particle or relational elementגַּם (H1571) 'also'.
שָׁ֥םthereart · שָׁם (H8033)Particle or relational elementשָׁם (H8033) 'there'.
עָלִ֖יתyou went upQal perf 2fs · עָלָה (H5927)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actעָלָה (H5927) 'you went up'.
לִזְבֹּ֥חַto sacrificeprep + Qal inf constr · זָבַח (H2076)Infinitive construct→ Infinitive construct: purpose, result, or complementזָבַח (H2076) 'to sacrifice'.
זָֽבַחthe sacrifice ofN c · זֶבַח (H2077)Construct chain (genitival)זֶבַח (H2077) 'the sacrifice of'.
8

וְאַחַ֤ר הַדֶּ֨לֶת֙ וְהַמְּזוּזָ֔ה שַׂ֖מְתְּ זִכְרוֹנֵ֑ךְ כִּ֣י מֵאִתִּ֞י גִּלִּ֣ית וַֽתַּעֲלִ֗י הִרְחַ֤בְתְּ מִשְׁכָּבֵךְ֙ וַתִּכְרָת לָ֣ךְ מֵהֶ֔ם אָהַ֥בְתְּ מִשְׁכָּבָ֖ם יָ֥ד חָזִֽית

Behind the doors also and the posts have you set up your remembrance: for you have discovered than me, and are gone up; you have enlarged your bed, and made you with them; you lovedst their bed where you sawest .

Qatal — perfective or stative predication
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Qatal — perfective or stative predication. Lead predicate is 'and he set'.
Word-by-word analysis· 18 words
וְאַחַ֤רand afterwardconj וְ + prep · אַחַר (H310)Particle or relational elementאַחַר (H310) 'and afterward'.
הַדֶּ֨לֶת֙the doorart + N com f sg abs · דֶּלֶת (H1817)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)דֶּלֶת (H1817) 'the door'.
וְהַמְּזוּזָ֔הthe doorposts ofconj וְ + art + N com f sg abs · מְזוּזָה (H4201)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מְזוּזָה (H4201) 'the doorposts of'.
שַׂ֖מְתְּand he setQal perf 2fs · שִׂים (H7760)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actשִׂים (H7760) 'and he set'.
זִכְרוֹנֵ֑ךְas a remembranceN c · זִכָרוֹן (H2146)Construct chain (genitival)זִכָרוֹן (H2146) 'as a remembrance'.
כִּ֣יforconj וְ · כִּי (H3588)Particle or relational elementכִּי (H3588) 'for'.
מֵאִתִּ֞יfrom meprep + prep + sfx 1cs · אֵת (H854)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H854) 'from me'.
גִּלִּ֣יתshall you uncoverPiel perf 2fs · גָּלָה (H1540)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actגָּלָה (H1540) 'shall you uncover'.
וַֽתַּעֲלִ֗יand he went upconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 2fs · עָלָה (H5927)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceעָלָה (H5927) 'and he went up'.
הִרְחַ֤בְתְּhe enlargesHiphil perf 2fs · רָחַב (H7337)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actרָחַב (H7337) 'he enlarges'.
מִשְׁכָּבֵךְ֙your bedroomN c · מִשְׁכָּב (H4904)Construct chain (genitival)מִשְׁכָּב (H4904) 'your bedroom'.
וַתִּכְרָתand cut offconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 2fs · כָּרַת (H3772)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceכָּרַת (H3772) 'and cut off'.
לָ֣ךְto youprep + sfx 2fsParticle or relational elementFunction word: 'to you'.
מֵהֶ֔םfrom themprep + sfx 3mpParticle or relational elementFunction word: 'from them'.
אָהַ֥בְתְּyou loveQal perf 2fs · אָהַב (H157)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actאָהַב (H157) 'you love'.
מִשְׁכָּבָ֖םthe bedN c · מִשְׁכָּב (H4904)Construct chain (genitival)מִשְׁכָּב (H4904) 'the bed'.
יָ֥דthe hand ofN c · יָד (H3027)Construct chain (genitival)יָד (H3027) 'the hand of'.
חָזִֽיתhe sees/beholdsQal perf 2fs · חָזָה (H2372)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actחָזָה (H2372) 'he sees/beholds'.
9

וַתָּשֻׁ֤רִי לַמֶּ֨לֶךְ֙ בַּשֶּׁ֔מֶן וַתַּרְבִּ֖י רִקֻּחָ֑יִךְ וַתְּשַׁלְּחִ֤י צִרַ֨יִךְ֙ עַד מֵ֣רָחֹ֔ק וַתַּשְׁפִּ֖ילִי עַד שְׁאֽוֹל

And you wentest to the king with ointment, and didst increase your perfumes, and didst send your messengers far off, and didst debase to hell.

Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action.
Word-by-word analysis· 12 words
וַתָּשֻׁ֤רִיandconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 2fs · שׁוּר (H7788)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceשׁוּר (H7788) 'and'.
לַמֶּ֨לֶךְ֙to the king ofprep + art + N com m sg abs · מֶלֶךְ (H4428)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מֶלֶךְ (H4428) 'to the king of'.
בַּשֶּׁ֔מֶןwith oilprep + art + N com m sg abs · שֶׁמֶן (H8081)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שֶׁמֶן (H8081) 'with oil'.
וַתַּרְבִּ֖יgreatlyconj וְ + Hiphil wayyiqtol 2fs · רָבָה (H7235)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceרָבָה (H7235) 'greatly'.
רִקֻּחָ֑יִךְperfumeN c · רַקֻּחַ (H7547)Construct chain (genitival)רַקֻּחַ (H7547) 'perfume'.
וַתְּשַׁלְּחִ֤יand he sentconj וְ + Piel wayyiqtol 2fs · שָׁלַח (H7971)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceשָׁלַח (H7971) 'and he sent'.
צִרַ֨יִךְ֙ambassadorN c · צִיר (H6735)Construct chain (genitival)צִיר (H6735) 'ambassador'.
עַדuntilprep · עַד (H5704)Particle or relational elementעַד (H5704) 'until'.
מֵ֣רָחֹ֔קfrom afarprep + Adj · רָחוֹק (H7350)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)רָחוֹק (H7350) 'from afar'.
וַתַּשְׁפִּ֖ילִיabaseconj וְ + Hiphil wayyiqtol 2fs · שָׁפֵל (H8213)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceשָׁפֵל (H8213) 'abase'.
עַדuntilprep · עַד (H5704)Particle or relational elementעַד (H5704) 'until'.
שְׁאֽוֹלSheolN · שְׁאוֹל (H7585)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שְׁאוֹל (H7585) 'Sheol'.
10

בְּרֹ֤ב דַּרְכֵּךְ֙ יָגַ֔עַתְּ לֹ֥א אָמַ֖רְתְּ נוֹאָ֑שׁ חַיַּ֤ת יָדֵךְ֙ מָצָ֔את עַל כֵּ֖ן לֹ֥א חָלִֽית

You are wearied in the greatness of your way; saidst you not, There is no hope: you have found the life of your hand; therefore you wast not grieved.

Qatal — perfective or stative predicationasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Qatal — perfective or stative predication. Lead predicate is 'you labored'. Speech formula or quoted address.
Word-by-word analysis· 13 words
בְּרֹ֤בfor multitudeprep + N com c sg constr · רֹב (H7230)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)רֹב (H7230) 'for multitude'.
דַּרְכֵּךְ֙your wayN c · דֶּרֶךְ (H1870)Construct chain (genitival)דֶּרֶךְ (H1870) 'your way'.
יָגַ֔עַתְּyou laboredQal perf 2fs · יָגַע (H3021)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actיָגַע (H3021) 'you labored'.
לֹ֥אnotneg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'not'.
אָמַ֖רְתְּhave saidQal perf 2fs · אָמַר (H559)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actאָמַר (H559) 'have said'.
נוֹאָ֑שׁandN · יָאַשׁ (H2976)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יָאַשׁ (H2976) 'and'.
חַיַּ֤תbeast ofN c · חַי (H2416)Construct chain (genitival)חַי (H2416) 'beast of'.
יָדֵךְ֙your handN c · יָד (H3027)Construct chain (genitival)יָד (H3027) 'your hand'.
מָצָ֔אתyou have foundQal perf 2fs · מָצָא (H4672)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actמָצָא (H4672) 'you have found'.
עַלonprep · עַל (H5921)Particle or relational elementעַל (H5921) 'on'.
כֵּ֖ןsoadv. · כֵּן (H3651)Particle or relational elementכֵּן (H3651) 'so'.
לֹ֥אnotneg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'not'.
חָלִֽיתinflictedQal perf 2fs · חָלָה (H2470)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actחָלָה (H2470) 'inflicted'.
11

וְאֶת מִ֞י דָּאַ֤גְתְּ וַתִּֽירְאִי֙ כִּ֣י תְכַזֵּ֔בִי וְאוֹתִי֙ לֹ֣א זָכַ֔רְתְּ לֹא שַׂ֖מְתְּ עַל לִבֵּ֑ךְ הֲלֹ֨א אֲנִ֤י מַחְשֶׁה֙ וּמֵ֣עֹלָ֔ם וְאוֹתִ֖י לֹ֥א תִירָֽאִי

And of whom have you been afraid or feared, that you have lied, and have not remembered me, nor laid to your heart? have not I held my peace even of old, and you fearest me not?

Qatal — perfective or stative predication
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Qatal — perfective or stative predication.
Word-by-word analysis· 20 words
וְאֶתand [obj]conj וְ + obj marker · אֵת (H853)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H853) 'and [obj]'.
מִ֞יwhointerrog. · מִי (H4310)Particle or relational elementמִי (H4310) 'who'.
דָּאַ֤גְתְּandQal perf 2fs · דָּאַג (H1672)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actדָּאַג (H1672) 'and'.
וַתִּֽירְאִי֙fearconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 2fs · יָרֵא (H3372)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceיָרֵא (H3372) 'fear'.
כִּ֣יforconj וְ · כִּי (H3588)Particle or relational elementכִּי (H3588) 'for'.
תְכַזֵּ֔בִיthat he should liePiel impf 2fs · כָּזַב (H3576)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalכָּזַב (H3576) 'that he should lie'.
וְאוֹתִי֙(obj)conj וְ + obj marker + sfx 1cs · אֵת (H853)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H853) '(obj)'.
לֹ֣אnotneg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'not'.
זָכַ֔רְתְּand you shall rememberQal perf 2fs · זָכַר (H2142)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actזָכַר (H2142) 'and you shall remember'.
לֹאnotneg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'not'.
שַׂ֖מְתְּand he setQal perf 2fs · שִׂים (H7760)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actשִׂים (H7760) 'and he set'.
עַלonprep · עַל (H5921)Particle or relational elementעַל (H5921) 'on'.
לִבֵּ֑ךְyour heartN c · לֵב (H3820)Construct chain (genitival)לֵב (H3820) 'your heart'.
הֲלֹ֨אis it notinterrog. + neg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'is it not'.
אֲנִ֤יIpron 1cs · אֲנִי (H589)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֲנִי (H589) 'I'.
מַחְשֶׁה֙keeping silentHiphil ptc ms · חָשָׁה (H2814)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorחָשָׁה (H2814) 'keeping silent'.
וּמֵ֣עֹלָ֔םperpetuityconj וְ + prep + N com m sg abs · עוֹלָם (H5769)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עוֹלָם (H5769) 'perpetuity'.
וְאוֹתִ֖י(obj)conj וְ + obj marker + sfx 1cs · אֵת (H853)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H853) '(obj)'.
לֹ֥אnotneg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'not'.
תִירָֽאִיfearQal impf 2fs · יָרֵא (H3372)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalיָרֵא (H3372) 'fear'.
12

אֲנִ֥י אַגִּ֖יד צִדְקָתֵ֑ךְ וְאֶֽת מַעֲשַׂ֖יִךְ וְלֹ֥א יוֹעִילֽוּךְ

I will declare your righteousness, and your works; for they shall not profit you.

Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-orientedasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'and it was told'.
Word-by-word analysis· 7 words
אֲנִ֥יIpron 1cs · אֲנִי (H589)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֲנִי (H589) 'I'.
אַגִּ֖ידand it was toldHiphil impf 1cs · נָגַד (H5046)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalנָגַד (H5046) 'and it was told'.
צִדְקָתֵ֑ךְrighteousnessN c · צְדָקָה (H6666)Construct chain (genitival)צְדָקָה (H6666) 'righteousness'.
וְאֶֽתand [obj]conj וְ + obj marker · אֵת (H853)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H853) 'and [obj]'.
מַעֲשַׂ֖יִךְyour laborsN c · מַעֲשֶׂה (H4639)Construct chain (genitival)מַעֲשֶׂה (H4639) 'your labors'.
וְלֹ֥אand notconj וְ + neg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'and not'.
יוֹעִילֽוּךְat allHiphil impf 3mp + sfx 2fs · יָעַל (H3276)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalיָעַל (H3276) 'at all'.
13

בְּזַֽעֲקֵךְ֙ יַצִּילֻ֣ךְ קִבּוּצַ֔יִךְ וְאֶת כֻּלָּ֥ם יִשָּׂא ר֖וּחַ יִקַּח הָ֑בֶל וְהַחוֹסֶ֥ה בִי֙ יִנְחַל אֶ֔רֶץ וְיִירַ֖שׁ הַר קָדְשִֽׁי

When you criest, let your companies deliver you; but the wind shall carry them all away; vanity shall take : but he that putteth his trust in me shall possess the land, and shall inherit my holy mountain;

Infinitive construct — purpose, result, or complement
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Infinitive construct — purpose, result, or complement. Lead predicate is 'and they cried out'.
Word-by-word analysis· 16 words
בְּזַֽעֲקֵךְ֙and they cried outprep + Qal inf constr + sfx 2fs · זָעַק (H2199)Infinitive construct→ Infinitive construct: purpose, result, or complementזָעַק (H2199) 'and they cried out'.
יַצִּילֻ֣ךְhas deliveredHiphil impf 3mp + sfx 2fs · נָצַל (H5337)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalנָצַל (H5337) 'has delivered'.
קִבּוּצַ֔יִךְcompanyN c · קִבּוּץ (H6899)Construct chain (genitival)קִבּוּץ (H6899) 'company'.
וְאֶתand [obj]conj וְ + obj marker · אֵת (H853)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H853) 'and [obj]'.
כֻּלָּ֥םall of themN c · כֹּל (H3605)Construct chain (genitival)כֹּל (H3605) 'all of them'.
יִשָּׂאcarriesQal impf 3ms · נָשָׂא (H5375)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalנָשָׂא (H5375) 'carries'.
ר֖וּחַa spirit ofN c · רוּחַ (H7307)Construct chain (genitival)רוּחַ (H7307) 'a spirit of'.
יִקַּחhe shall takeQal impf 3ms · לָקַח (H3947)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalלָקַח (H3947) 'he shall take'.
הָ֑בֶלwith their idolsN c · הֶבֶל (H1892)Construct chain (genitival)הֶבֶל (H1892) 'with their idols'.
וְהַחוֹסֶ֥הin which they took refugeconj וְ + art + Qal ptc ms · חָסָה (H2620)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorחָסָה (H2620) 'in which they took refuge'.
בִי֙against meprep + sfx 1csParticle or relational elementFunction word: 'against me'.
יִנְחַלyou will inheritQal impf 3ms · נָחַל (H5157)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalנָחַל (H5157) 'you will inherit'.
אֶ֔רֶץthe land ofN c · אֶרֶץ (H776)Construct chain (genitival)אֶרֶץ (H776) 'the land of'.
וְיִירַ֖שׁmay possessconj וְ + Qal impf 3ms · יָרַשׁ (H3423)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalיָרַשׁ (H3423) 'may possess'.
הַרMountN c · הַר (H2022)Construct chain (genitival)הַר (H2022) 'Mount'.
קָדְשִֽׁיmy holy [name]N c · קֹדֶשׁ (H6944)Construct chain (genitival)קֹדֶשׁ (H6944) 'my holy [name]'.
14

וְאָמַ֥ר סֹֽלּוּ סֹ֖לּוּ פַּנּוּ דָ֑רֶךְ הָרִ֥ימוּ מִכְשׁ֖וֹל מִדֶּ֥רֶךְ עַמִּֽי

And shall say, Cast you up, cast you up, prepare the way, take up the stumblingblock out of the way of my people.

Imperative — volitional address
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Imperative — volitional address. Lead predicate is 'exalting yourself'. Speech formula or quoted address.
Word-by-word analysis· 9 words
וְאָמַ֥רand I saidconj וְ + Qal q 3ms · אָמַר (H559)Particle or relational elementאָמַר (H559) 'and I said'.
סֹֽלּוּexalting yourselfQal impv 2mp · סָלַל (H5549)Predicate verb (imperative)→ Volitional: imperativeסָלַל (H5549) 'exalting yourself'.
סֹ֖לּוּexalting yourselfQal impv 2mp · סָלַל (H5549)Predicate verb (imperative)→ Volitional: imperativeסָלַל (H5549) 'exalting yourself'.
פַּנּוּturn!Piel impv 2mp · פָּנָה (H6437)Predicate verb (imperative)→ Volitional: imperativeפָּנָה (H6437) 'turn!'.
דָ֑רֶךְthe way ofN c · דֶּרֶךְ (H1870)Construct chain (genitival)דֶּרֶךְ (H1870) 'the way of'.
הָרִ֥ימוּthey offeredHiphil impv 2mp · רוּם (H7311)Predicate verb (imperative)→ Volitional: imperativeרוּם (H7311) 'they offered'.
מִכְשׁ֖וֹלa stumbling blockN c · מִכְשׁוֹל (H4383)Construct chain (genitival)מִכְשׁוֹל (H4383) 'a stumbling block'.
מִדֶּ֥רֶךְfrom the way ofprep + N com c sg constr · דֶּרֶךְ (H1870)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)דֶּרֶךְ (H1870) 'from the way of'.
עַמִּֽיmy peopleN c · עַם (H5971)Construct chain (genitival)עַם (H5971) 'my people'.
15

כִּי֩ כֹ֨ה אָמַ֜ר רָ֣ם וְנִשָּׂ֗א שֹׁכֵ֥ן עַד֙ וְקָד֣וֹשׁ שְׁמ֔וֹ מָר֥וֹם וְקָד֖וֹשׁ אֶשְׁכּ֑וֹן וְאֶת דַּכָּא֙ וּשְׁפַל ר֔וּחַ לְהַחֲיוֹת֙ ר֣וּחַ שְׁפָלִ֔ים וּֽלְהַחֲי֖וֹת לֵ֥ב נִדְכָּאִֽים

For thus says the high and lofty One that inhabiteth eternity, whose name Holy; I dwell in the high and holy , with him also of a contrite and humble spirit, to revive the spirit of the humble, and to revive the heart of the contrite ones.

Qatal — perfective or stative predication
kî-clause (causal, recitative, or evidential). Qatal — perfective or stative predication. Lead predicate is 'he said'. Speech formula or quoted address.
Word-by-word analysis· 22 words
כִּי֩forconj וְ · כִּי (H3588)Particle or relational elementכִּי (H3588) 'for'.
כֹ֨הthusart · כֹּה (H3541)Particle or relational elementכֹּה (H3541) 'thus'.
אָמַ֜רhe saidQal perf 3ms · אָמַר (H559)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actאָמַר (H559) 'he said'.
רָ֣םloudQal ptc ms · רוּם (H7311)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorרוּם (H7311) 'loud'.
וְנִשָּׂ֗אand he shall bearconj וְ + Niphal ptc ms · נָשָׂא (H5375)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorנָשָׂא (H5375) 'and he shall bear'.
שֹׁכֵ֥ןdwellQal ptc ms · שָׁכַן (H7931)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorשָׁכַן (H7931) 'dwell'.
עַד֙and ever.N c · עַד (H5703)Construct chain (genitival)עַד (H5703) 'and ever.'.
וְקָד֣וֹשׁholyconj וְ + Adj · קָדוֹשׁ (H6918)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)קָדוֹשׁ (H6918) 'holy'.
שְׁמ֔וֹhis nameN c · שֵׁם (H8034)Construct chain (genitival)שֵׁם (H8034) 'his name'.
מָר֥וֹםthe heights ofN c · מָרוֹם (H4791)Construct chain (genitival)מָרוֹם (H4791) 'the heights of'.
וְקָד֖וֹשׁholyconj וְ + Adj · קָדוֹשׁ (H6918)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)קָדוֹשׁ (H6918) 'holy'.
אֶשְׁכּ֑וֹןto make dwellQal impf 1cs · שָׁכַן (H7931)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalשָׁכַן (H7931) 'to make dwell'.
וְאֶתand withconj וְ + prep · אֵת (H854)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H854) 'and with'.
דַּכָּא֙contriteAdj · דַּכָּא (H1793)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)דַּכָּא (H1793) 'contrite'.
וּשְׁפַלlowerconj וְ + Adj · שָׁפָל (H8217)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שָׁפָל (H8217) 'lower'.
ר֔וּחַa spirit ofN c · רוּחַ (H7307)Construct chain (genitival)רוּחַ (H7307) 'a spirit of'.
לְהַחֲיוֹת֙to keep aliveprep + Hiphil inf constr · חָיָה (H2421)Infinitive construct→ Infinitive construct: purpose, result, or complementחָיָה (H2421) 'to keep alive'.
ר֣וּחַa spirit ofN c · רוּחַ (H7307)Construct chain (genitival)רוּחַ (H7307) 'a spirit of'.
שְׁפָלִ֔יםlowerAdj · שָׁפָל (H8217)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שָׁפָל (H8217) 'lower'.
וּֽלְהַחֲי֖וֹתand to keep aliveconj וְ + prep + Hiphil inf constr · חָיָה (H2421)Infinitive construct→ Infinitive construct: purpose, result, or complementחָיָה (H2421) 'and to keep alive'.
לֵ֥בthe heart ofN c · לֵב (H3820)Construct chain (genitival)לֵב (H3820) 'the heart of'.
נִדְכָּאִֽיםand crush meN · דָּכָא (H1792)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)דָּכָא (H1792) 'and crush me'.
16

כִּ֣י לֹ֤א לְעוֹלָם֙ אָרִ֔יב וְלֹ֥א לָנֶ֖צַח אֶקְּצ֑וֹף כִּי ר֨וּחַ֙ מִלְּפָנַ֣י יַֽעֲט֔וֹף וּנְשָׁמ֖וֹת אֲנִ֥י עָשִֽׂיתִי

For I will not contend for ever, neither will I be always wroth: for the spirit should fail before me, and the souls I have made.

Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented
kî-clause (causal, recitative, or evidential). Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'and quarreled'.
Word-by-word analysis· 14 words
כִּ֣יforconj וְ · כִּי (H3588)Particle or relational elementכִּי (H3588) 'for'.
לֹ֤אnotneg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'not'.
לְעוֹלָם֙foreverprep + N com m sg abs · עוֹלָם (H5769)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עוֹלָם (H5769) 'forever'.
אָרִ֔יבand quarreledQal impf 1cs · רִיב (H7378)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalרִיב (H7378) 'and quarreled'.
וְלֹ֥אand notconj וְ + neg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'and not'.
לָנֶ֖צַחalwayprep + N com m sg abs · נֶצַח (H5331)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)נֶצַח (H5331) 'alway'.
אֶקְּצ֑וֹףand he was angryQal impf 1cs · קָצַף (H7107)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalקָצַף (H7107) 'and he was angry'.
כִּיforconj וְ · כִּי (H3588)Particle or relational elementכִּי (H3588) 'for'.
ר֨וּחַ֙a spirit ofN c · רוּחַ (H7307)Construct chain (genitival)רוּחַ (H7307) 'a spirit of'.
מִלְּפָנַ֣יfrom beforeprep + prep + N com c pl constr + sfx 1cs · פָּנִים (H6440)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)פָּנִים (H6440) 'from before'.
יַֽעֲט֔וֹףbut when feebleQal impf 3ms · עָטַף (H5848)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalעָטַף (H5848) 'but when feeble'.
וּנְשָׁמ֖וֹתbreathing thingconj וְ + N com f pl abs · נְשָׁמָה (H5397)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)נְשָׁמָה (H5397) 'breathing thing'.
אֲנִ֥יIpron 1cs · אֲנִי (H589)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֲנִי (H589) 'I'.
עָשִֽׂיתִיI have doneQal perf 1cs · עָשָׂה (H6213)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actעָשָׂה (H6213) 'I have done'.
17

בַּעֲוֺ֥ן בִּצְע֛וֹ קָצַ֥פְתִּי וְאַכֵּ֖הוּ הַסְתֵּ֣ר וְאֶקְצֹ֑ף וַיֵּ֥לֶךְ שׁוֹבָ֖ב בְּדֶ֥רֶךְ לִבּֽוֹ

For the iniquity of his covetousness was I wroth, and smote him: I hid me, and was wroth, and he went on frowardly in the way of his heart.

Qatal — perfective or stative predicationasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Qatal — perfective or stative predication. Lead predicate is 'and he was angry'.
Word-by-word analysis· 10 words
בַּעֲוֺ֥ןin the punishment ofprep + N com c sg constr · עָוֹן (H5771)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עָוֹן (H5771) 'in the punishment of'.
בִּצְע֛וֹunjust gainN c · בֶּצַע (H1215)Construct chain (genitival)בֶּצַע (H1215) 'unjust gain'.
קָצַ֥פְתִּיand he was angryQal perf 1cs · קָצַף (H7107)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actקָצַף (H7107) 'and he was angry'.
וְאַכֵּ֖הוּand he struckconj וְ + Hiphil impf 1cs + sfx 3ms · הִכָּה (H5221)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalהִכָּה (H5221) 'and he struck'.
הַסְתֵּ֣רsurelyHiphil inf abs · סָתַר (H5641)Infinitive absolute→ Infinitive absolute: emphasis or attendant actionסָתַר (H5641) 'surely'.
וְאֶקְצֹ֑ףand he was angryconj וְ + Qal impf 1cs · קָצַף (H7107)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalקָצַף (H7107) 'and he was angry'.
וַיֵּ֥לֶךְand he wentconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · הָלַךְ (H3212)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceהָלַךְ (H3212) 'and he went'.
שׁוֹבָ֖בbackslidingAdj · שׁוֹבָב (H7726)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שׁוֹבָב (H7726) 'backsliding'.
בְּדֶ֥רֶךְon the wayprep + N com c sg constr · דֶּרֶךְ (H1870)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)דֶּרֶךְ (H1870) 'on the way'.
לִבּֽוֹhis heartN c · לֵב (H3820)Construct chain (genitival)לֵב (H3820) 'his heart'.
18

דְּרָכָ֥יו רָאִ֖יתִי וְאֶרְפָּאֵ֑הוּ וְאַנְחֵ֕הוּ וַאֲשַׁלֵּ֧ם נִֽחֻמִ֛ים ל֖וֹ וְלַאֲבֵלָֽיו

I have seen his ways, and will heal him: I will lead him also, and restore comforts to him and to his mourners.

Qatal — perfective or stative predicationasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Qatal — perfective or stative predication. Lead predicate is 'I have seen'.
Word-by-word analysis· 8 words
דְּרָכָ֥יוhis waysN c · דֶּרֶךְ (H1870)Construct chain (genitival)דֶּרֶךְ (H1870) 'his ways'.
רָאִ֖יתִיI have seenQal perf 1cs · רָאָה (H7200)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actרָאָה (H7200) 'I have seen'.
וְאֶרְפָּאֵ֑הוּto be healedconj וְ + Qal impf 1cs + sfx 3ms · רָפָא (H7495)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalרָפָא (H7495) 'to be healed'.
וְאַנְחֵ֕הוּled himconj וְ + Hiphil impf 1cs + sfx 3ms · נָחָה (H5148)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalנָחָה (H5148) 'led him'.
וַאֲשַׁלֵּ֧םhe shall payconj וְ + Piel impf 1cs · שָׁלַם (H7999)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalשָׁלַם (H7999) 'he shall pay'.
נִֽחֻמִ֛יםcomfortN c · נִחוּם (H5150)Construct chain (genitival)נִחוּם (H5150) 'comfort'.
ל֖וֹto himprep + sfx 3msParticle or relational elementFunction word: 'to him'.
וְלַאֲבֵלָֽיוmourningconj וְ + prep + Adj + sfx 3ms · אָבֵל (H57)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אָבֵל (H57) 'mourning'.
19

בּוֹרֵ֖א נוב נִ֣יב שְׂפָתָ֑יִם שָׁל֨וֹם שָׁל֜וֹם לָרָח֧וֹק וְלַקָּר֛וֹב אָמַ֥ר יְהוָ֖ה וּרְפָאתִֽיו

I create the fruit of the lips; Peace, peace to far off, and to near, says YHWH; and I will heal him.

Participle — attendant circumstance or substantival actorasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Participle — attendant circumstance or substantival actor. Lead predicate is 'created'. Speech formula or quoted address.
Word-by-word analysis· 11 words
בּוֹרֵ֖אcreatedQal ptc ms · בָּרָא (H1254)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorבָּרָא (H1254) 'created'.
נובfruitN c · נוֹב (H5108)Construct chain (genitival)נוֹב (H5108) 'fruit'.
נִ֣יבfruitN c · נוֹב (H5108)Construct chain (genitival)נוֹב (H5108) 'fruit'.
שְׂפָתָ֑יִםlipsN c · שָׂפָה (H8193)Construct chain (genitival)שָׂפָה (H8193) 'lips'.
שָׁל֨וֹםpeaceN c · שָׁלוֹם (H7965)Construct chain (genitival)שָׁלוֹם (H7965) 'peace'.
שָׁל֜וֹםpeaceN c · שָׁלוֹם (H7965)Construct chain (genitival)שָׁלוֹם (H7965) 'peace'.
לָרָח֧וֹקdistantprep + art + Adj · רָחוֹק (H7350)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)רָחוֹק (H7350) 'distant'.
וְלַקָּר֛וֹבnearconj וְ + prep + art + Adj · קָרוֹב (H7138)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)קָרוֹב (H7138) 'near'.
אָמַ֥רhe saidQal perf 3ms · אָמַר (H559)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actאָמַר (H559) 'he said'.
יְהוָ֖הYHWHN · יְהוָה (H3068)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוָה (H3068) 'YHWH'.
וּרְפָאתִֽיוto be healedconj וְ + Qal q 1cs + sfx 3ms · רָפָא (H7495)Particle or relational elementרָפָא (H7495) 'to be healed'.
20

וְהָרְשָׁעִ֖ים כַּיָּ֣ם נִגְרָ֑שׁ כִּ֤י הַשְׁקֵט֙ לֹ֣א יוּכָ֔ל וַיִּגְרְשׁ֥וּ מֵימָ֖יו רֶ֥פֶשׁ וָטִֽיט

But the wicked like the troubled sea, when it cannot rest, whose waters cast up mire and dirt.

Infinitive absolute — emphasis or attendant action
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Infinitive absolute — emphasis or attendant action. Lead predicate is 'and it had rest'.
Word-by-word analysis· 11 words
וְהָרְשָׁעִ֖יםthe wickedconj וְ + art + Adj · רָשָׁע (H7563)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)רָשָׁע (H7563) 'the wicked'.
כַּיָּ֣םthe seaprep + art + N com m sg abs · יָם (H3220)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יָם (H3220) 'the sea'.
נִגְרָ֑שׁand he drove outN · גָּרַשׁ (H1644)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)גָּרַשׁ (H1644) 'and he drove out'.
כִּ֤יforconj וְ · כִּי (H3588)Particle or relational elementכִּי (H3588) 'for'.
הַשְׁקֵט֙and it had restHiphil inf abs · שָׁקַט (H8252)Infinitive absolute→ Infinitive absolute: emphasis or attendant actionשָׁקַט (H8252) 'and it had rest'.
לֹ֣אnotneg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'not'.
יוּכָ֔לhe mayQal impf 3ms · יָכֹל (H3201)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalיָכֹל (H3201) 'he may'.
וַיִּגְרְשׁ֥וּand he drove outconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3mp · גָּרַשׁ (H1644)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceגָּרַשׁ (H1644) 'and he drove out'.
מֵימָ֖יוits waterN c · מַיִם (H4325)Construct chain (genitival)מַיִם (H4325) 'its water'.
רֶ֥פֶשׁmireN c · רֶפֶשׁ (H7516)Construct chain (genitival)רֶפֶשׁ (H7516) 'mire'.
וָטִֽיטas / likeconj וְ + N com m sg abs · טִיט (H2916)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)טִיט (H2916) 'as / like'.
21

אֵ֣ין שָׁל֔וֹם אָמַ֥ר אֱלֹהַ֖י לָרְשָׁעִֽים

no peace, says my God, to the wicked.

Qatal — perfective or stative predicationasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Qatal — perfective or stative predication. Lead predicate is 'he said'. Closes the chapter. Speech formula or quoted address.
Word-by-word analysis· 5 words
אֵ֣יןthere is notneg. · אַיִן (H369)Particle or relational elementאַיִן (H369) 'there is not'.
שָׁל֔וֹםpeaceN c · שָׁלוֹם (H7965)Construct chain (genitival)שָׁלוֹם (H7965) 'peace'.
אָמַ֥רhe saidQal perf 3ms · אָמַר (H559)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actאָמַר (H559) 'he said'.
אֱלֹהַ֖יthe God ofN c · אֱלֹהִים (H430)Construct chain (genitival)אֱלֹהִים (H430) 'the God of'.
לָרְשָׁעִֽיםthe wickedprep + art + Adj · רָשָׁע (H7563)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)רָשָׁע (H7563) 'the wicked'.