Hebrew Text · Translation · Interlinear · Discourse Structure

The Book of Isaiah, Chapter 3ישעיהו 3

Each verse opens with the running Hebrew, an English translation, and a discourse note (its connective, relation, and role in the argument). Below follows the word-by-word breakdown in six tiers: gloss, case/state or parsing, syntax, semantic force, and a lexical note.

Case Nominative Genitive Dative Accusative Vocative Verb (no case) Indeclinable

Discourse notes head each verse: relation · connective · clause-flow. Indentation marks prominence — flush-left = main line of argument; indented = supporting / subordinate material.

Theme

Removed supports, failed leadership, shameless rebellion, judicial indictment, stripped finery, and a mourning Zion seated on the ground expose Judah's pride through social collapse from top to bottom. The opening movement is one of subtraction. The Lord, YHWH of hosts, removes from Jerusalem and Judah every kind of support: bread and water, warrior and judge, prophet and elder, captain and counselor, craftsman and expert. What follows is not a dignified transition but civic disintegration. Boys become rulers, capricious children govern, the people press against one another, and ordinary social honor is inverted until youth behaves arrogantly against elders and the contemptible against the honored. The scene of a man being seized merely because he still possesses a cloak, only to refuse the impossible burden of rule because he cannot heal the ruin, captures the oracle's bitter political irony. Judah does not merely lack ideal leaders; it has reached the point where nobody with even symbolic resources believes leadership can repair the collapse. Isaiah then makes clear that this collapse is morally deserved. Jerusalem has stumbled and Judah has fallen because their tongue and their deeds are against YHWH, and their faces proclaim sin as openly as Sodom. Yet even in this broader unraveling, moral distinction remains: the righteous will eat the fruit of their deeds, while the wicked receive the recompense of their hands. The center is YHWH's lawsuit against the elders and princes who have devoured the vineyard and crushed the poor. Social corruption is not treated as incidental politics but as affront against YHWH's own people. From there the focus narrows to the daughters of Zion, whose lofty carriage, cultivated beauty, and ornamental abundance become emblematic of elite complacency. The long inventory of adornments is not decorative excess in the narrative; it is a rhetorical countdown to reversal. Perfume becomes rottenness, hairstyle becomes baldness, finery becomes sackcloth and branding, and the city's men fall by the sword. The oracle closes with Zion's gates lamenting while the emptied city sits on the ground. Taken together, the passage binds failed provision, predatory rule, public shamelessness, threatened beauty, and civic mourning into a vision of judgment where human height collapses not only in temples or battlefields, but in bread, government, class, gender display, and the life of the streets themselves.

Translation & textual notes

The Hebrew base text here follows the Masoretic Text in the Leningrad tradition as represented by the Westminster Leningrad Codex / MorphHB diplomatic stream imported from OSHB; distinctively copyrighted apparatus from BHS or BHQ is not reproduced. Eight linked movements shape the chapter: removal of all support and leadership (vv. 1-3), immature rule and civic desperation (vv. 4-7), explanation of Jerusalem's fall (vv. 8-12), YHWH's formal lawsuit against the leaders (vv. 13-15), accusation against the daughters of Zion (vv. 16-17), the inventory of finery to be removed (vv. 18-23), the exchange of beauty for disgrace together with the fall of the city's men (vv. 24-25), and the closing lament over Zion's gates (v. 26). Verses 1-3 should preserve the repeated support language in verse 1. The paired nouns מַשְׁעֵן וּמַשְׁעֵנָה and the elaboration into every support of bread and water are a deliberate way of saying that YHWH is removing the city's sustaining structures at the most basic and the most elevated levels. The following catalog of warrior, judge, prophet, elder, captain, counselor, craftsman, and discerning whisperer should remain concrete rather than being generalized into generic leadership. Verses 4-7 turn from removal to inversion and should keep their social force. The installation of boys and capricious children as rulers is not sentimental but judicially absurd. Verse 5's mutual oppression and contempt between young and old, lowly and honored, should remain sharp. The scene in verses 6-7 where a man is seized because he has a cloak and is asked to rule over the ruin is one of the chapter's most memorable pictures of political collapse; the line about not being a healer should remain visible if possible, because the city is being treated as a wounded body no one can cure. Verses 8-15 are the moral and forensic center of the chapter. Verse 8's explanation that Jerusalem has stumbled because tongue and deeds are against YHWH should remain explicit, as should the phrase about rebelling against the eyes of his glory. Verse 9's comparison with Sodom is again important in Isaiah's opening chapters and should not be softened. Verses 10-11 briefly distinguish righteous and wicked outcomes, and that distinction should remain plain amid the wider judgment. Verses 13-15 then stage YHWH's lawsuit. The verbs of standing to contend and standing to judge give the section courtroom force, and the accusation that the leaders have devoured the vineyard and stored the plunder of the poor in their houses should remain concrete. Verse 15's grinding of the face of the poor is intentionally brutal imagery and should retain that edge. Verses 16-26 move into the daughters-of-Zion oracle and should be translated with sensitivity to both social detail and rhetorical reversal. Verse 16's haughty daughters, outstretched necks, and flirtatious or deceptive eyes should remain vivid without flattening the bodily imagery. Verse 17's threatened exposure is severe and should not be euphemized away so far that the humiliation disappears. The long list in verses 18-23 should be allowed to accumulate item by item. Some individual terms are difficult and have generated variant renderings, but the larger point is unmistakable: every visible sign of cultivated elite beauty and status is being stripped away. Verse 24 resolves the whole list into sharp exchanges - perfume for rottenness, belt for rope, coiffure for baldness, luxury robe for sackcloth, beauty for branding. Those antitheses should remain as compact and cutting as possible. Verse 25 then connects feminine humiliation with male military loss, and verse 26 closes by personifying the city in lament. Taken together, the passage should therefore be translated as the chapter where YHWH removes Judah's supports, exposes its rulers in court, strips away Zion's proud display, and leaves the city emptied and mourning on the ground. Versification follows the MT. **Cruxes.** | Verse | Issue | | --- | --- | | none | none of note |

1

כִּי֩ הִנֵּ֨ה הָאָד֜וֹן יְהוָ֣ה צְבָא֗וֹת מֵסִ֤יר מִירוּשָׁלִַ֨ם֙ וּמִ֣יהוּדָ֔ה מַשְׁעֵ֖ן וּמַשְׁעֵנָ֑ה כֹּ֚ל מִשְׁעַן לֶ֔חֶם וְכֹ֖ל מִשְׁעַן מָֽיִם

For, behold, YHWH, YHWH of hosts, does take away from Jerusalem and from Judah the stay and the staff, the whole stay of bread, and the whole stay of water,

Participle — attendant circumstance or substantival actorwə
kî-clause (causal, recitative, or evidential). Participle — attendant circumstance or substantival actor. Lead predicate is 'he shall remove it'. Opens the chapter.
Word-by-word analysis· 16 words
כִּי֩forconj וְ · כִּי (H3588)Particle or relational elementכִּי (H3588) 'for'.
הִנֵּ֨הbeholdadv. · הִנֵּה (H2009)Particle or relational elementהִנֵּה (H2009) 'behold'.
הָאָד֜וֹןmy lordart + N com m sg abs · אָדוֹן (H113)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אָדוֹן (H113) 'my lord'.
יְהוָ֣הYHWHN · יְהוָה (H3068)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוָה (H3068) 'YHWH'.
צְבָא֗וֹתof troopsN c · צָבָא (H6635)Construct chain (genitival)צָבָא (H6635) 'of troops'.
מֵסִ֤ירhe shall remove itHiphil ptc ms · סוּר (H5493)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorסוּר (H5493) 'he shall remove it'.
מִירוּשָׁלִַ֨ם֙Jerusalemprep + N proper · יְרוּשָׁלִַם (H3389)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְרוּשָׁלִַם (H3389) 'Jerusalem'.
וּמִ֣יהוּדָ֔הJudahconj וְ + prep + N proper · יְהוּדָה (H3063)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוּדָה (H3063) 'Judah'.
מַשְׁעֵ֖ןstayN c · מִשְׁעֵן (H4937)Construct chain (genitival)מִשְׁעֵן (H4937) 'stay'.
וּמַשְׁעֵנָ֑הhis staffconj וְ + N com f sg abs · מִשְׁעֶנֶת (H4938)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מִשְׁעֶנֶת (H4938) 'his staff'.
כֹּ֚לallN c · כֹּל (H3605)Construct chain (genitival)כֹּל (H3605) 'all'.
מִשְׁעַןstayN c · מִשְׁעֵן (H4937)Construct chain (genitival)מִשְׁעֵן (H4937) 'stay'.
לֶ֔חֶםbreadN c · לֶחֶם (H3899)Construct chain (genitival)לֶחֶם (H3899) 'bread'.
וְכֹ֖לand allconj וְ + N com m sg constr · כֹּל (H3605)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)כֹּל (H3605) 'and all'.
מִשְׁעַןstayN c · מִשְׁעֵן (H4937)Construct chain (genitival)מִשְׁעֵן (H4937) 'stay'.
מָֽיִםwaterN c · מַיִם (H4325)Construct chain (genitival)מַיִם (H4325) 'water'.
2

גִּבּ֖וֹר וְאִ֣ישׁ מִלְחָמָ֑ה שׁוֹפֵ֥ט וְנָבִ֖יא וְקֹסֵ֥ם וְזָקֵֽן

The mighty man, and the man of war, the judge, and the prophet, and the prudent, and the ancient,

Participle — attendant circumstance or substantival actorasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Participle — attendant circumstance or substantival actor. Lead predicate is 'and judge'.
Word-by-word analysis· 7 words
גִּבּ֖וֹרmightyAdj · גִּבּוֹר (H1368)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)גִּבּוֹר (H1368) 'mighty'.
וְאִ֣ישׁand a manconj וְ + N com m sg constr · אִישׁ (H376)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אִישׁ (H376) 'and a man'.
מִלְחָמָ֑הwarN c · מִלְחָמָה (H4421)Construct chain (genitival)מִלְחָמָה (H4421) 'war'.
שׁוֹפֵ֥טand judgeQal ptc ms · שָׁפַט (H8199)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorשָׁפַט (H8199) 'and judge'.
וְנָבִ֖יאa prophetconj וְ + N com m sg abs · נָבִיא (H5030)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)נָבִיא (H5030) 'a prophet'.
וְקֹסֵ֥םdivinationsconj וְ + Qal ptc ms · קֶסֶם (H7080)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorקֶסֶם (H7080) 'divinations'.
וְזָקֵֽןthe elders ofconj וְ + Adj · זָקֵן (H2205)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)זָקֵן (H2205) 'the elders of'.
3

שַׂר חֲמִשִּׁ֖ים וּנְשׂ֣וּא פָנִ֑ים וְיוֹעֵ֛ץ וַחֲכַ֥ם חֲרָשִׁ֖ים וּנְב֥וֹן לָֽחַשׁ

The captain of fifty, and the honourable man, and the counsellor, and the cunning artificer, and the eloquent orator.

Participle — attendant circumstance or substantival actorasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Participle — attendant circumstance or substantival actor. Lead predicate is 'lifts up'.
Word-by-word analysis· 9 words
שַׂרchief ofN c · שַׂר (H8269)Construct chain (genitival)שַׂר (H8269) 'chief of'.
חֲמִשִּׁ֖יםfiftyAdj · חֲמִשִּׁים (H2572)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)חֲמִשִּׁים (H2572) 'fifty'.
וּנְשׂ֣וּאlifts upconj וְ + Qal ptc ms · נָשָׂא (H5375)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorנָשָׂא (H5375) 'lifts up'.
פָנִ֑יםfaceN c · פָּנִים (H6440)Construct chain (genitival)פָּנִים (H6440) 'face'.
וְיוֹעֵ֛ץlet me advise youconj וְ + Qal ptc ms · יָעַץ (H3289)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorיָעַץ (H3289) 'let me advise you'.
וַחֲכַ֥םand wiseconj וְ + Adj · חָכָם (H2450)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)חָכָם (H2450) 'and wise'.
חֲרָשִׁ֖יםsecretlyN c · חֶרֶשׁ (H2791)Construct chain (genitival)חֶרֶשׁ (H2791) 'secretly'.
וּנְב֥וֹןand understandingconj וְ + Niphal ptc ms · בִּין (H995)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorבִּין (H995) 'and understanding'.
לָֽחַשׁcharmedN c · לַחַשׁ (H3908)Construct chain (genitival)לַחַשׁ (H3908) 'charmed'.
4

וְנָתַתִּ֥י נְעָרִ֖ים שָׂרֵיהֶ֑ם וְתַעֲלוּלִ֖ים יִמְשְׁלוּ בָֽם

And I will give children their princes, and babes shall rule over them.

Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-orientedwə
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'will they rule'.
Word-by-word analysis· 6 words
וְנָתַתִּ֥יand I will giveconj וְ + Qal q 1cs · נָתַן (H5414)Particle or relational elementנָתַן (H5414) 'and I will give'.
נְעָרִ֖יםthe boyN c · נַעַר (H5288)Construct chain (genitival)נַעַר (H5288) 'the boy'.
שָׂרֵיהֶ֑םchief ofN c · שַׂר (H8269)Construct chain (genitival)שַׂר (H8269) 'chief of'.
וְתַעֲלוּלִ֖יםandconj וְ + N com m pl abs · תַּעֲלוּל (H8586)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)תַּעֲלוּל (H8586) 'and'.
יִמְשְׁלוּwill they ruleQal impf 3mp · מָשַׁל (H4910)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalמָשַׁל (H4910) 'will they rule'.
בָֽםagainst themprep + sfx 3mpParticle or relational elementFunction word: 'against them'.
5

וְנִגַּ֣שׂ הָעָ֔ם אִ֥ישׁ בְּאִ֖ישׁ וְאִ֣ישׁ בְּרֵעֵ֑הוּ יִרְהֲב֗וּ הַנַּ֨עַר֙ בַּזָּקֵ֔ן וְהַנִּקְלֶ֖ה בַּנִּכְבָּֽד

And the people shall be oppressed, every one by another, and every one by his neighbour: the child shall behave himself proudly against the ancient, and the base against the honourable.

Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-orientedwə
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'overcome'.
Word-by-word analysis· 11 words
וְנִגַּ֣שׂthe taskmasters ofconj וְ + Niphal q 3ms · נָגַשׂ (H5065)Particle or relational elementנָגַשׂ (H5065) 'the taskmasters of'.
הָעָ֔םthe peopleart + N com m sg abs · עַם (H5971)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עַם (H5971) 'the people'.
אִ֥ישׁa manN c · אִישׁ (H376)Construct chain (genitival)אִישׁ (H376) 'a man'.
בְּאִ֖ישׁagainst the manprep + N com m sg abs · אִישׁ (H376)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אִישׁ (H376) 'against the man'.
וְאִ֣ישׁand a manconj וְ + N com m sg abs · אִישׁ (H376)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אִישׁ (H376) 'and a man'.
בְּרֵעֵ֑הוּto his neighborprep + N com m sg constr + sfx 3ms · רֵעַ (H7453)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)רֵעַ (H7453) 'to his neighbor'.
יִרְהֲב֗וּovercomeQal impf 3mp · רָהַב (H7292)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalרָהַב (H7292) 'overcome'.
הַנַּ֨עַר֙the boyart + N com m sg abs · נַעַר (H5288)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)נַעַר (H5288) 'the boy'.
בַּזָּקֵ֔ןthe elders ofprep + art + Adj · זָקֵן (H2205)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)זָקֵן (H2205) 'the elders of'.
וְהַנִּקְלֶ֖הand be degradedconj וְ + art + Niphal ptc ms · קָלָה (H7034)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorקָלָה (H7034) 'and be degraded'.
בַּנִּכְבָּֽדand he hardenedprep + art + Niphal ptc ms · כָּבֵד (H3513)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorכָּבֵד (H3513) 'and he hardened'.
6

כִּֽי יִתְפֹּ֨שׂ אִ֤ישׁ בְּאָחִיו֙ בֵּ֣ית אָבִ֔יו שִׂמְלָ֣ה לְכָ֔ה קָצִ֖ין תִּֽהְיֶה לָּ֑נוּ וְהַמַּכְשֵׁלָ֥ה הַזֹּ֖את תַּ֥חַת יָדֶֽךָ

When a man shall take hold of his brother of the house of his father, , You have clothing, be you our ruler, and this ruin under your hand:

Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-orientedwə
kî-clause (causal, recitative, or evidential). Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'to capture it'.
Word-by-word analysis· 15 words
כִּֽיforconj וְ · כִּי (H3588)Particle or relational elementכִּי (H3588) 'for'.
יִתְפֹּ֨שׂto capture itQal impf 3ms · תָּפַשׂ (H8610)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalתָּפַשׂ (H8610) 'to capture it'.
אִ֤ישׁa manN c · אִישׁ (H376)Construct chain (genitival)אִישׁ (H376) 'a man'.
בְּאָחִיו֙against his brotherprep + N com m sg constr + sfx 3ms · אָח (H251)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אָח (H251) 'against his brother'.
בֵּ֣יתthe house ofN c · בַּיִת (H1004)Construct chain (genitival)בַּיִת (H1004) 'the house of'.
אָבִ֔יוhis fatherN c · אָב (H1)Construct chain (genitival)אָב (H1) 'his father'.
שִׂמְלָ֣הand clothingN c · שִׂמְלָה (H8071)Construct chain (genitival)שִׂמְלָה (H8071) 'and clothing'.
לְכָ֔הinprep + sfx 2msParticle or relational elementFunction word: 'in'.
קָצִ֖יןthe chiefs ofN c · קָצִין (H7101)Construct chain (genitival)קָצִין (H7101) 'the chiefs of'.
תִּֽהְיֶהshall beQal impf 2ms · הָיָה (H1961)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalהָיָה (H1961) 'shall be'.
לָּ֑נוּto usprep + sfx 1cpParticle or relational elementFunction word: 'to us'.
וְהַמַּכְשֵׁלָ֥הandconj וְ + art + N com f sg abs · מַכְשֵׁלָה (H4384)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מַכְשֵׁלָה (H4384) 'and'.
הַזֹּ֖אתthisart + dem. pron xfs · זֹאת (H2063)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)זֹאת (H2063) 'this'.
תַּ֥חַתunderprep · תַּחַת (H8478)Particle or relational elementתַּחַת (H8478) 'under'.
יָדֶֽךָyour handN c · יָד (H3027)Construct chain (genitival)יָד (H3027) 'your hand'.
7

יִשָּׂא֩ בַיּ֨וֹם הַה֤וּא לֵאמֹר֙ לֹא אֶהְיֶ֣ה חֹבֵ֔שׁ וּבְבֵיתִ֕י אֵ֥ין לֶ֖חֶם וְאֵ֣ין שִׂמְלָ֑ה לֹ֥א תְשִׂימֻ֖נִי קְצִ֥ין עָֽם

In that day shall he swear, saying, I will not be an healer; for in my house neither bread nor clothing: make me not a ruler of the people.

Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-orientedasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'carries'. Speech formula or quoted address.
Word-by-word analysis· 16 words
יִשָּׂא֩carriesQal impf 3ms · נָשָׂא (H5375)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalנָשָׂא (H5375) 'carries'.
בַיּ֨וֹםon the dayprep + art + N com m sg abs · יוֹם (H3117)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יוֹם (H3117) 'on the day'.
הַה֤וּאthatart + pron 3ms · הִיא (H1931)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)הִיא (H1931) 'that'.
לֵאמֹר֙sayingprep + Qal inf constr · אָמַר (H559)Infinitive construct→ Infinitive construct: purpose, result, or complementאָמַר (H559) 'saying'.
לֹאnotneg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'not'.
אֶהְיֶ֣הI will beQal impf 1cs · הָיָה (H1961)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalהָיָה (H1961) 'I will be'.
חֹבֵ֔שׁand he saddledQal ptc ms · חָבַשׁ (H2280)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorחָבַשׁ (H2280) 'and he saddled'.
וּבְבֵיתִ֕יthe house ofconj וְ + prep + N com m sg constr + sfx 1cs · בַּיִת (H1004)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)בַּיִת (H1004) 'the house of'.
אֵ֥יןthere is notneg. · אַיִן (H369)Particle or relational elementאַיִן (H369) 'there is not'.
לֶ֖חֶםbreadN c · לֶחֶם (H3899)Construct chain (genitival)לֶחֶם (H3899) 'bread'.
וְאֵ֣יןand there is noconj וְ + neg. · אַיִן (H369)Particle or relational elementאַיִן (H369) 'and there is no'.
שִׂמְלָ֑הand clothingN c · שִׂמְלָה (H8071)Construct chain (genitival)שִׂמְלָה (H8071) 'and clothing'.
לֹ֥אnotneg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'not'.
תְשִׂימֻ֖נִיand he setQal impf 2mp + sfx 1cs · שִׂים (H7760)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalשִׂים (H7760) 'and he set'.
קְצִ֥יןthe chiefs ofN c · קָצִין (H7101)Construct chain (genitival)קָצִין (H7101) 'the chiefs of'.
עָֽםa peopleN c · עַם (H5971)Construct chain (genitival)עַם (H5971) 'a people'.
8

כִּ֤י כָשְׁלָה֙ יְר֣וּשָׁלִַ֔ם וִיהוּדָ֖ה נָפָ֑ל כִּֽי לְשׁוֹנָ֤ם וּמַֽעַלְלֵיהֶם֙ אֶל יְהוָ֔ה לַמְר֖וֹת עֵנֵ֥י כְבוֹדֽוֹ

For Jerusalem is ruined, and Judah is fallen: because their tongue and their doings against YHWH, to provoke the eyes of his glory.

Qatal — perfective or stative predicationwə
kî-clause (causal, recitative, or evidential). Qatal — perfective or stative predication. Lead predicate is 'and they shall stumble'.
Word-by-word analysis· 13 words
כִּ֤יforconj וְ · כִּי (H3588)Particle or relational elementכִּי (H3588) 'for'.
כָשְׁלָה֙and they shall stumbleQal perf 3fs · כָּשַׁל (H3782)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actכָּשַׁל (H3782) 'and they shall stumble'.
יְר֣וּשָׁלִַ֔םJerusalemN · יְרוּשָׁלִַם (H3389)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְרוּשָׁלִַם (H3389) 'Jerusalem'.
וִיהוּדָ֖הand Judahconj וְ + N proper · יְהוּדָה (H3063)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוּדָה (H3063) 'and Judah'.
נָפָ֑לfallenQal perf 3ms · נָפַל (H5307)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actנָפַל (H5307) 'fallen'.
כִּֽיforconj וְ · כִּי (H3588)Particle or relational elementכִּי (H3588) 'for'.
לְשׁוֹנָ֤םby their languagesN c · לָשׁוֹן (H3956)Construct chain (genitival)לָשׁוֹן (H3956) 'by their languages'.
וּמַֽעַלְלֵיהֶם֙your deedsconj וְ + N com m pl constr + sfx 3mp · מַעֲלָל (H4611)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מַעֲלָל (H4611) 'your deeds'.
אֶלtoprep · אֶל (H413)Particle or relational elementאֶל (H413) 'to'.
יְהוָ֔הYHWHN · יְהוָה (H3068)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוָה (H3068) 'YHWH'.
לַמְר֖וֹתyou rebelledprep + Hiphil inf constr · מָרָה (H4784)Infinitive construct→ Infinitive construct: purpose, result, or complementמָרָה (H4784) 'you rebelled'.
עֵנֵ֥יin the eyes ofN c · עַיִן (H5869)Construct chain (genitival)עַיִן (H5869) 'in the eyes of'.
כְבוֹדֽוֹthe glory ofN c · כָּבוֹד (H3519)Construct chain (genitival)כָּבוֹד (H3519) 'the glory of'.
9

הַכָּרַ֤ת פְּנֵיהֶם֙ עָ֣נְתָה בָּ֔ם וְחַטָּאתָ֛ם כִּסְדֹ֥ם הִגִּ֖ידוּ לֹ֣א כִחֵ֑דוּ א֣וֹי לְנַפְשָׁ֔ם כִּֽי גָמְל֥וּ לָהֶ֖ם רָעָֽה

The shew of their countenance does witness against them; and they declare their sin as Sodom, they hide not. Woe to their soul! for they have rewarded evil to themselves.

Qatal — perfective or stative predicationasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Qatal — perfective or stative predication. Lead predicate is 'and answered'. Speech formula or quoted address.
Word-by-word analysis· 15 words
הַכָּרַ֤תshewN c · הַכָּרָה (H1971)Construct chain (genitival)הַכָּרָה (H1971) 'shew'.
פְּנֵיהֶם֙their facesN c · פָּנִים (H6440)Construct chain (genitival)פָּנִים (H6440) 'their faces'.
עָ֣נְתָהand answeredQal perf 3fs · עָנָה (H6030)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actעָנָה (H6030) 'and answered'.
בָּ֔םagainst themprep + sfx 3mpParticle or relational elementFunction word: 'against them'.
וְחַטָּאתָ֛םand their sinconj וְ + N com f sg constr + sfx 3mp · חַטָּאת (H2403)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)חַטָּאת (H2403) 'and their sin'.
כִּסְדֹ֥םSodomprep + N proper · סְדֹם (H5467)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)סְדֹם (H5467) 'Sodom'.
הִגִּ֖ידוּtellHiphil perf 3cp · נָגַד (H5046)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actנָגַד (H5046) 'tell'.
לֹ֣אnotneg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'not'.
כִחֵ֑דוּhidePiel perf 3cp · כָּחַד (H3582)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actכָּחַד (H3582) 'hide'.
א֣וֹיwoeparticle · אוֹי (H188)Particle or relational elementאוֹי (H188) 'woe'.
לְנַפְשָׁ֔םyour soulprep + N com c sg constr + sfx 3mp · נֶפֶשׁ (H5315)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)נֶפֶשׁ (H5315) 'your soul'.
כִּֽיforconj וְ · כִּי (H3588)Particle or relational elementכִּי (H3588) 'for'.
גָמְל֥וּdo you repayQal perf 3cp · גָּמַל (H1580)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actגָּמַל (H1580) 'do you repay'.
לָהֶ֖םto themprep + sfx 3mpParticle or relational elementFunction word: 'to them'.
רָעָֽהevilN c · רַע (H7451)Construct chain (genitival)רַע (H7451) 'evil'.
10

אִמְר֥וּ צַדִּ֖יק כִּי ט֑וֹב כִּֽי פְרִ֥י מַעַלְלֵיהֶ֖ם יֹאכֵֽלוּ

Say you to the righteous, that well : for they shall eat the fruit of their doings.

Imperative — volitional addressasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Imperative — volitional address. Lead predicate is 'they said'. Speech formula or quoted address.
Word-by-word analysis· 8 words
אִמְר֥וּthey saidQal impv 2mp · אָמַר (H559)Predicate verb (imperative)→ Volitional: imperativeאָמַר (H559) 'they said'.
צַדִּ֖יקrighteousAdj · צַדִּיק (H6662)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)צַדִּיק (H6662) 'righteous'.
כִּיforconj וְ · כִּי (H3588)Particle or relational elementכִּי (H3588) 'for'.
ט֑וֹבgoodAdj · טוֹב (H2896)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)טוֹב (H2896) 'good'.
כִּֽיforconj וְ · כִּי (H3588)Particle or relational elementכִּי (H3588) 'for'.
פְרִ֥יthe fruit ofN c · פְּרִי (H6529)Construct chain (genitival)פְּרִי (H6529) 'the fruit of'.
מַעַלְלֵיהֶ֖םyour deedsN c · מַעֲלָל (H4611)Construct chain (genitival)מַעֲלָל (H4611) 'your deeds'.
יֹאכֵֽלוּthey shall be eatenQal impf 3mp · אָכַל (H398)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalאָכַל (H398) 'they shall be eaten'.
11

א֖וֹי לְרָשָׁ֣ע רָ֑ע כִּֽי גְמ֥וּל יָדָ֖יו יֵעָ֥שֶׂה לּֽוֹ

Woe to the wicked! ill : for the reward of his hands shall be given him.

Qatal — perfective or stative predicationasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Qatal — perfective or stative predication. Lead predicate is 'bad'.
Word-by-word analysis· 8 words
א֖וֹיwoeparticle · אוֹי (H188)Particle or relational elementאוֹי (H188) 'woe'.
לְרָשָׁ֣עto the wicked oneprep + Adj · רָשָׁע (H7563)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)רָשָׁע (H7563) 'to the wicked one'.
רָ֑עbadQal perf 3ms · רַע (H7451)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actרַע (H7451) 'bad'.
כִּֽיforconj וְ · כִּי (H3588)Particle or relational elementכִּי (H3588) 'for'.
גְמ֥וּלas / likeN c · גְּמוּל (H1576)Construct chain (genitival)גְּמוּל (H1576) 'as / like'.
יָדָ֖יוhis handsN c · יָד (H3027)Construct chain (genitival)יָד (H3027) 'his hands'.
יֵעָ֥שֶׂהhe shall doN · עָשָׂה (H6213)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עָשָׂה (H6213) 'he shall do'.
לּֽוֹto himprep + sfx 3msParticle or relational elementFunction word: 'to him'.
12

עַמִּי֙ נֹגְשָׂ֣יו מְעוֹלֵ֔ל וְנָשִׁ֖ים מָ֣שְׁלוּ ב֑וֹ עַמִּי֙ מְאַשְּׁרֶ֣יךָ מַתְעִ֔ים וְדֶ֥רֶךְ אֹֽרְחֹתֶ֖יךָ בִּלֵּֽעוּ

my people, children their oppressors, and women rule over them. O my people, they which lead you cause to err, and destroy the way of your paths.

Participle — attendant circumstance or substantival actorasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Participle — attendant circumstance or substantival actor. Lead predicate is 'their taskmasters'.
Word-by-word analysis· 12 words
עַמִּי֙my peopleN c · עַם (H5971)Construct chain (genitival)עַם (H5971) 'my people'.
נֹגְשָׂ֣יוtheir taskmastersQal ptc mp + sfx 3ms · נָגַשׂ (H5065)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorנָגַשׂ (H5065) 'their taskmasters'.
מְעוֹלֵ֔לyou shall glean it a second timePoel ptc ms · עָלַל (H5953)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorעָלַל (H5953) 'you shall glean it a second time'.
וְנָשִׁ֖יםthe womanconj וְ + N com f pl abs · אִשָּׁה (H802)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אִשָּׁה (H802) 'the woman'.
מָ֣שְׁלוּrulingQal perf 3cp · מָשַׁל (H4910)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actמָשַׁל (H4910) 'ruling'.
ב֑וֹin itprep + sfx 3msParticle or relational elementFunction word: 'in it'.
עַמִּי֙my peopleN c · עַם (H5971)Construct chain (genitival)עַם (H5971) 'my people'.
מְאַשְּׁרֶ֣יךָthey will call me blessedPiel ptc mp + sfx 2ms · אָשַׁר (H833)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorאָשַׁר (H833) 'they will call me blessed'.
מַתְעִ֔יםwanderingHiphil ptc mp · תָּעָה (H8582)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorתָּעָה (H8582) 'wandering'.
וְדֶ֥רֶךְon the wayconj וְ + N com c sg constr · דֶּרֶךְ (H1870)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)דֶּרֶךְ (H1870) 'on the way'.
אֹֽרְחֹתֶ֖יךָthe way ofN c · אֹרַח (H734)Construct chain (genitival)אֹרַח (H734) 'the way of'.
בִּלֵּֽעוּand it swallowedPiel perf 3cp · בָּלַע (H1104)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actבָּלַע (H1104) 'and it swallowed'.
13

נִצָּ֥ב לָרִ֖יב יְהוָ֑ה וְעֹמֵ֖ד לָדִ֥ין עַמִּֽים

YHWH standeth up to plead, and standeth to judge the people.

Infinitive construct — purpose, result, or complementasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Infinitive construct — purpose, result, or complement. Lead predicate is 'and quarreled'.
Word-by-word analysis· 6 words
נִצָּ֥בstandingN · נָצַב (H5324)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)נָצַב (H5324) 'standing'.
לָרִ֖יבand quarreledprep + Qal inf constr · רִיב (H7378)Infinitive construct→ Infinitive construct: purpose, result, or complementרִיב (H7378) 'and quarreled'.
יְהוָ֑הYHWHN · יְהוָה (H3068)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוָה (H3068) 'YHWH'.
וְעֹמֵ֖דand he standsconj וְ + Qal ptc ms · עָמַד (H5975)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorעָמַד (H5975) 'and he stands'.
לָדִ֥יןwill vindicateprep + Qal inf constr · דִּין (H1777)Infinitive construct→ Infinitive construct: purpose, result, or complementדִּין (H1777) 'will vindicate'.
עַמִּֽיםpeoplesN c · עַם (H5971)Construct chain (genitival)עַם (H5971) 'peoples'.
14

יְהוָה֙ בְּמִשְׁפָּ֣ט יָב֔וֹא עִם זִקְנֵ֥י עַמּ֖וֹ וְשָׂרָ֑יו וְאַתֶּם֙ בִּֽעַרְתֶּ֣ם הַכֶּ֔רֶם גְּזֵלַ֥ת הֶֽעָנִ֖י בְּבָתֵּיכֶֽם

YHWH will enter into judgment with the ancients of his people, and the princes thereof: for you have eaten up the vineyard; the spoil of the poor in your houses.

Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-orientedasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'he may come'.
Word-by-word analysis· 13 words
יְהוָה֙YHWHN · יְהוָה (H3068)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוָה (H3068) 'YHWH'.
בְּמִשְׁפָּ֣טin judgmentprep + N com m sg abs · מִשְׁפָּט (H4941)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מִשְׁפָּט (H4941) 'in judgment'.
יָב֔וֹאhe may comeQal impf 3ms · בּוֹא (H935)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalבּוֹא (H935) 'he may come'.
עִםwithprep · עִם (H5973)Particle or relational elementעִם (H5973) 'with'.
זִקְנֵ֥יthe elders ofAdj · זָקֵן (H2205)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)זָקֵן (H2205) 'the elders of'.
עַמּ֖וֹhis peopleN c · עַם (H5971)Construct chain (genitival)עַם (H5971) 'his people'.
וְשָׂרָ֑יוchief ofconj וְ + N com m pl constr + sfx 3ms · שַׂר (H8269)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שַׂר (H8269) 'chief of'.
וְאַתֶּם֙and youconj וְ + pron 2mp · אַתָּה (H859)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אַתָּה (H859) 'and you'.
בִּֽעַרְתֶּ֣םso you shall purgePiel perf 2mp · בָּעַר (H1197)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actבָּעַר (H1197) 'so you shall purge'.
הַכֶּ֔רֶםthe vineyardart + N com c sg abs · כֶּרֶם (H3754)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)כֶּרֶם (H3754) 'the vineyard'.
גְּזֵלַ֥תthe stolen propertyN c · גְּזֵלָה (H1500)Construct chain (genitival)גְּזֵלָה (H1500) 'the stolen property'.
הֶֽעָנִ֖יthe poor (one)art + Adj · עָנִי (H6041)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עָנִי (H6041) 'the poor (one)'.
בְּבָתֵּיכֶֽםin your housesprep + N com m pl constr + sfx 2mp · בַּיִת (H1004)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)בַּיִת (H1004) 'in your houses'.
15

מלכם מַה לָּכֶם֙ תְּדַכְּא֣וּ עַמִּ֔י וּפְנֵ֥י עֲנִיִּ֖ים תִּטְחָ֑נוּ נְאֻם אֲדֹנָ֥י יְהוִ֖ה צְבָאֽוֹת

What mean you you beat my people to pieces, and grind the faces of the poor? says YHWH YHWH of hosts.

Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-orientedasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'and crush me'.
Word-by-word analysis· 12 words
מלכםinprep + prep + sfx 2mpParticle or relational elementFunction word: 'in'.
מַהwhatinterrog. · מָה (H4100)Particle or relational elementמָה (H4100) 'what'.
לָּכֶם֙to youprep + sfx 2mpParticle or relational elementFunction word: 'to you'.
תְּדַכְּא֣וּand crush mePiel impf 2mp · דָּכָא (H1792)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalדָּכָא (H1792) 'and crush me'.
עַמִּ֔יmy peopleN c · עַם (H5971)Construct chain (genitival)עַם (H5971) 'my people'.
וּפְנֵ֥יbut my faceconj וְ + N com c pl constr · פָּנִים (H6440)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)פָּנִים (H6440) 'but my face'.
עֲנִיִּ֖יםpoorAdj · עָנִי (H6041)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עָנִי (H6041) 'poor'.
תִּטְחָ֑נוּgrindingQal impf 2mp · טָחַן (H2912)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalטָחַן (H2912) 'grinding'.
נְאֻםutterance ofN c · נְאֻם (H5002)Construct chain (genitival)נְאֻם (H5002) 'utterance of'.
אֲדֹנָ֥יmy LordN c · אֲדֹנָי (H136)Construct chain (genitival)אֲדֹנָי (H136) 'my Lord'.
יְהוִ֖הYHWHN · יְהוִה (H3069)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוִה (H3069) 'YHWH'.
צְבָאֽוֹתof troopsN c · צָבָא (H6635)Construct chain (genitival)צָבָא (H6635) 'of troops'.
16

וַיֹּ֣אמֶר יְהוָ֗ה יַ֚עַן כִּ֤י גָֽבְהוּ֙ בְּנ֣וֹת צִיּ֔וֹן וַתֵּלַ֨כְנָה֙ נטוות נְטוּי֣וֹת גָּר֔וֹן וּֽמְשַׂקְּר֖וֹת עֵינָ֑יִם הָל֤וֹךְ וְטָפֹף֙ תֵּלַ֔כְנָה וּבְרַגְלֵיהֶ֖ם תְּעַכַּֽסְנָה

Moreover YHWH says, Because the daughters of Zion are haughty, and walk with stretched forth necks and wanton eyes, walking and mincing they go, and making a tinkling with their feet:

Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential actionwə
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action. Lead predicate is 'and he said'. Speech formula or quoted address.
Word-by-word analysis· 18 words
וַיֹּ֣אמֶרand he saidconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · אָמַר (H559)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceאָמַר (H559) 'and he said'.
יְהוָ֗הYHWHN · יְהוָה (H3068)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוָה (H3068) 'YHWH'.
יַ֚עַןbecauseconj וְ · יַעַן (H3282)Particle or relational elementיַעַן (H3282) 'because'.
כִּ֤יforconj וְ · כִּי (H3588)Particle or relational elementכִּי (H3588) 'for'.
גָֽבְהוּ֙andQal perf 3cp · גָּבַהּ (H1361)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actגָּבַהּ (H1361) 'and'.
בְּנ֣וֹתdaughtersN c · בַּת (H1323)Construct chain (genitival)בַּת (H1323) 'daughters'.
צִיּ֔וֹןZionN · צִיּוֹן (H6726)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)צִיּוֹן (H6726) 'Zion'.
וַתֵּלַ֨כְנָה֙and wentconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3fp · הָלַךְ (H3212)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceהָלַךְ (H3212) 'and went'.
נטוותstretch outQal ptc fp · נָטָה (H5186)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorנָטָה (H5186) 'stretch out'.
נְטוּי֣וֹתstretch outQal ptc fp · נָטָה (H5186)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorנָטָה (H5186) 'stretch out'.
גָּר֔וֹןaloudN c · גָּרוֹן (H1627)Construct chain (genitival)גָּרוֹן (H1627) 'aloud'.
וּֽמְשַׂקְּר֖וֹתandconj וְ + Piel ptc fp · שָׂקַר (H8265)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorשָׂקַר (H8265) 'and'.
עֵינָ֑יִםeyesN c · עַיִן (H5869)Construct chain (genitival)עַיִן (H5869) 'eyes'.
הָל֤וֹךְgoingQal inf abs · הָלַךְ (H1980)Infinitive absolute→ Infinitive absolute: emphasis or attendant actionהָלַךְ (H1980) 'going'.
וְטָפֹף֙andconj וְ + Qal inf abs · טָפַף (H2952)Infinitive absolute→ Infinitive absolute: emphasis or attendant actionטָפַף (H2952) 'and'.
תֵּלַ֔כְנָהand he wentQal impf 3fp · הָלַךְ (H3212)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalהָלַךְ (H3212) 'and he went'.
וּבְרַגְלֵיהֶ֖םhis feetconj וְ + prep + N com f du constr + sfx 3mp · רֶגֶל (H7272)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)רֶגֶל (H7272) 'his feet'.
תְּעַכַּֽסְנָהmake a tinkling ornamentPiel impf 3fp · עָכַס (H5913)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalעָכַס (H5913) 'make a tinkling ornament'.
17

וְשִׂפַּ֣ח אֲדֹנָ֔י קָדְקֹ֖ד בְּנ֣וֹת צִיּ֑וֹן וַיהוָ֖ה פָּתְהֵ֥ן יְעָרֶֽה

Therefore YHWH will smite with a scab the crown of the head of the daughters of Zion, and YHWH will discover their secret parts.

Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-orientedwə
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'he has laid bare'.
Word-by-word analysis· 8 words
וְשִׂפַּ֣חabidingconj וְ + Piel q 3ms · סָפַח (H5596)Particle or relational elementסָפַח (H5596) 'abiding'.
אֲדֹנָ֔יmy LordN c · אֲדֹנָי (H136)Construct chain (genitival)אֲדֹנָי (H136) 'my Lord'.
קָדְקֹ֖דthe crown of the headN c · קָדְקֹד (H6936)Construct chain (genitival)קָדְקֹד (H6936) 'the crown of the head'.
בְּנ֣וֹתdaughtersN c · בַּת (H1323)Construct chain (genitival)בַּת (H1323) 'daughters'.
צִיּ֑וֹןZionN · צִיּוֹן (H6726)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)צִיּוֹן (H6726) 'Zion'.
וַיהוָ֖הand YHWHconj וְ + N proper · יְהוָה (H3068)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוָה (H3068) 'and YHWH'.
פָּתְהֵ֥ןandN c · פֹּת (H6596)Construct chain (genitival)פֹּת (H6596) 'and'.
יְעָרֶֽהhe has laid barePiel impf 3ms · עָרָה (H6168)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalעָרָה (H6168) 'he has laid bare'.
18

בַּיּ֨וֹם הַה֜וּא יָסִ֣יר אֲדֹנָ֗י אֵ֣ת תִּפְאֶ֧רֶת הָעֲכָסִ֛ים וְהַשְּׁבִיסִ֖ים וְהַשַּׂהֲרֹנִֽים

In that day YHWH will take away the bravery of tinkling ornaments , and cauls, and round tires like the moon,

Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-orientedasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'he shall remove'.
Word-by-word analysis· 9 words
בַּיּ֨וֹםon the dayprep + art + N com m sg abs · יוֹם (H3117)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יוֹם (H3117) 'on the day'.
הַה֜וּאthatart + pron 3ms · הִיא (H1931)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)הִיא (H1931) 'that'.
יָסִ֣ירhe shall removeHiphil impf 3ms · סוּר (H5493)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalסוּר (H5493) 'he shall remove'.
אֲדֹנָ֗יmy LordN c · אֲדֹנָי (H136)Construct chain (genitival)אֲדֹנָי (H136) 'my Lord'.
אֵ֣ת(obj)obj marker · אֵת (H853)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H853) '(obj)'.
תִּפְאֶ֧רֶתand for beautyN c · תִּפְאֶרֶת (H8597)Construct chain (genitival)תִּפְאֶרֶת (H8597) 'and for beauty'.
הָעֲכָסִ֛יםstocksart + N com m pl abs · עֶכֶס (H5914)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עֶכֶס (H5914) 'stocks'.
וְהַשְּׁבִיסִ֖יםandconj וְ + art + N com m pl abs · שָׁבִיס (H7636)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שָׁבִיס (H7636) 'and'.
וְהַשַּׂהֲרֹנִֽיםcrescentsconj וְ + art + N com m pl abs · שַׂהֲרֹן (H7720)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שַׂהֲרֹן (H7720) 'crescents'.
19

הַנְּטִיפ֥וֹת וְהַשֵּׁיר֖וֹת וְהָֽרְעָלֽוֹת

The chains, and the bracelets, and the mufflers,

Linked non-verbal clausewə
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Linked non-verbal clause.
Word-by-word analysis· 3 words
הַנְּטִיפ֥וֹתandart + N com f pl abs · נְטִיפָה (H5188)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)נְטִיפָה (H5188) 'and'.
וְהַשֵּׁיר֖וֹתandconj וְ + art + N com c pl abs · שֵׁרָה (H8285)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שֵׁרָה (H8285) 'and'.
וְהָֽרְעָלֽוֹתandconj וְ + art + N com f pl abs · רַעֲלָה (H7479)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)רַעֲלָה (H7479) 'and'.
20

הַפְּאֵרִ֤ים וְהַצְּעָדוֹת֙ וְהַקִּשֻּׁרִ֔ים וּבָתֵּ֥י הַנֶּ֖פֶשׁ וְהַלְּחָשִֽׁים

The bonnets, and the ornaments of the legs, and the headbands, and the tablets, and the earrings,

Nominal or particle frameasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Nominal or particle frame.
Word-by-word analysis· 6 words
הַפְּאֵרִ֤יםthe ornamental caps ofart + N com m pl abs · פְּאֵר (H6287)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)פְּאֵר (H6287) 'the ornamental caps of'.
וְהַצְּעָדוֹת֙goingconj וְ + art + N com f pl abs · צְעָדָה (H6807)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)צְעָדָה (H6807) 'going'.
וְהַקִּשֻּׁרִ֔יםandconj וְ + art + N com m pl abs · קִשֻּׁר (H7196)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)קִשֻּׁר (H7196) 'and'.
וּבָתֵּ֥יand the houses ofconj וְ + N com m pl constr · בַּיִת (H1004)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)בַּיִת (H1004) 'and the houses of'.
הַנֶּ֖פֶשׁthe personart + N com c sg abs · נֶפֶשׁ (H5315)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)נֶפֶשׁ (H5315) 'the person'.
וְהַלְּחָשִֽׁיםandconj וְ + art + N com m pl abs · לַחַשׁ (H3908)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)לַחַשׁ (H3908) 'and'.
21

הַטַּבָּע֖וֹת וְנִזְמֵ֥י הָאָֽף

The rings, and nose jewels,

Nominal or particle frameasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Nominal or particle frame.
Word-by-word analysis· 3 words
הַטַּבָּע֖וֹתthe ringsart + N com f pl abs · טַבַּעַת (H2885)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)טַבַּעַת (H2885) 'the rings'.
וְנִזְמֵ֥יand a ringconj וְ + N com m pl constr · נֶזֶם (H5141)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)נֶזֶם (H5141) 'and a ring'.
הָאָֽףthe angerart + N com m sg abs · אַף (H639)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אַף (H639) 'the anger'.
22

הַמַּֽחֲלָצוֹת֙ וְהַמַּ֣עֲטָפ֔וֹת וְהַמִּטְפָּח֖וֹת וְהָחֲרִיטִֽים

The changeable suits of apparel, and the mantles, and the wimples, and the crisping pins,

Nominal or particle frameasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Nominal or particle frame.
Word-by-word analysis· 4 words
הַמַּֽחֲלָצוֹת֙changeable suit of apparelart + N com f pl abs · מַחֲלָצָה (H4254)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מַחֲלָצָה (H4254) 'changeable suit of apparel'.
וְהַמַּ֣עֲטָפ֔וֹתandconj וְ + art + N com f pl abs · מַעֲטָפָה (H4595)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מַעֲטָפָה (H4595) 'and'.
וְהַמִּטְפָּח֖וֹתandconj וְ + art + N com f pl abs · מִטְפַּחַת (H4304)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מִטְפַּחַת (H4304) 'and'.
וְהָחֲרִיטִֽיםbagconj וְ + art + N com m pl abs · חָרִיט (H2754)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)חָרִיט (H2754) 'bag'.
23

וְהַגִּלְיֹנִים֙ וְהַסְּדִינִ֔ים וְהַצְּנִיפ֖וֹת וְהָרְדִידִֽים

The glasses, and the fine linen, and the hoods, and the vails.

Linked non-verbal clausewə
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Linked non-verbal clause.
Word-by-word analysis· 4 words
וְהַגִּלְיֹנִים֙andconj וְ + art + N com m pl abs · גִּלָּיוֹן (H1549)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)גִּלָּיוֹן (H1549) 'and'.
וְהַסְּדִינִ֔יםlinen wrappersconj וְ + art + N com m pl abs · סָדִין (H5466)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)סָדִין (H5466) 'linen wrappers'.
וְהַצְּנִיפ֖וֹתandconj וְ + art + N com c pl abs · צָנִיף (H6797)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)צָנִיף (H6797) 'and'.
וְהָרְדִידִֽיםandconj וְ + art + N com m pl abs · רָדִיד (H7289)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)רָדִיד (H7289) 'and'.
24

וְהָיָה֩ תַ֨חַת בֹּ֜שֶׂם מַ֣ק יִֽהְיֶ֗ה וְתַ֨חַת חֲגוֹרָ֤ה נִקְפָּה֙ וְתַ֨חַת מַעֲשֶׂ֤ה מִקְשֶׁה֙ קָרְחָ֔ה וְתַ֥חַת פְּתִיגִ֖יל מַחֲגֹ֣רֶת שָׂ֑ק כִּי תַ֖חַת יֹֽפִי

And it shall come to pass, instead of sweet smell there shall be stink; and instead of a girdle a rent; and instead of well set hair baldness; and instead of a stomacher a girding of sackcloth; burning instead of beauty.

Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-orientedwə
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'shall be'.
Word-by-word analysis· 19 words
וְהָיָה֩and it shall beconj וְ + Qal q 3ms · הָיָה (H1961)Particle or relational elementהָיָה (H1961) 'and it shall be'.
תַ֨חַתunderprep · תַּחַת (H8478)Particle or relational elementתַּחַת (H8478) 'under'.
בֹּ֜שֶׂםfragrantN c · בֶּשֶׂם (H1314)Construct chain (genitival)בֶּשֶׂם (H1314) 'fragrant'.
מַ֣קrottennessN c · מַק (H4716)Construct chain (genitival)מַק (H4716) 'rottenness'.
יִֽהְיֶ֗הshall beQal impf 3ms · הָיָה (H1961)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalהָיָה (H1961) 'shall be'.
וְתַ֨חַתand underconj וְ + prep · תַּחַת (H8478)Particle or relational elementתַּחַת (H8478) 'and under'.
חֲגוֹרָ֤הloinclothsN c · חֲגֹרָה (H2290)Construct chain (genitival)חֲגֹרָה (H2290) 'loincloths'.
נִקְפָּה֙rentN c · נִקְפָּה (H5364)Construct chain (genitival)נִקְפָּה (H5364) 'rent'.
וְתַ֨חַתand underconj וְ + prep · תַּחַת (H8478)Particle or relational elementתַּחַת (H8478) 'and under'.
מַעֲשֶׂ֤הthe work ofN c · מַעֲשֶׂה (H4639)Construct chain (genitival)מַעֲשֶׂה (H4639) 'the work of'.
מִקְשֶׁה֙well (set) hairN c · מִקְשֶׁה (H4748)Construct chain (genitival)מִקְשֶׁה (H4748) 'well (set) hair'.
קָרְחָ֔הbaldnessN c · קָרְחָה (H7144)Construct chain (genitival)קָרְחָה (H7144) 'baldness'.
וְתַ֥חַתand underconj וְ + prep · תַּחַת (H8478)Particle or relational elementתַּחַת (H8478) 'and under'.
פְּתִיגִ֖ילstomacherN c · פְּתִיגִיל (H6614)Construct chain (genitival)פְּתִיגִיל (H6614) 'stomacher'.
מַחֲגֹ֣רֶתgirdingN c · מַחֲגֹרֶת (H4228)Construct chain (genitival)מַחֲגֹרֶת (H4228) 'girding'.
שָׂ֑קsackclothN c · שַׂק (H8242)Construct chain (genitival)שַׂק (H8242) 'sackcloth'.
כִּיandconj וְ · כִּי (H3587)Particle or relational elementכִּי (H3587) 'and'.
תַ֖חַתunderprep · תַּחַת (H8478)Particle or relational elementתַּחַת (H8478) 'under'.
יֹֽפִיbeautyN c · יֳפִי (H3308)Construct chain (genitival)יֳפִי (H3308) 'beauty'.
25

מְתַ֖יִךְ בַּחֶ֣רֶב יִפֹּ֑לוּ וּגְבוּרָתֵ֖ךְ בַּמִּלְחָמָֽה

Your men shall fall by the sword, and your mighty in the war.

Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-orientedasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'shall fall'.
Word-by-word analysis· 5 words
מְתַ֖יִךְmenN c · מַת (H4962)Construct chain (genitival)מַת (H4962) 'men'.
בַּחֶ֣רֶבwith the swordprep + art + N com f sg abs · חֶרֶב (H2719)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)חֶרֶב (H2719) 'with the sword'.
יִפֹּ֑לוּshall fallQal impf 3mp · נָפַל (H5307)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalנָפַל (H5307) 'shall fall'.
וּגְבוּרָתֵ֖ךְand like your mighty actsconj וְ + N com f sg constr + sfx 2fs · גְּבוּרָה (H1369)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)גְּבוּרָה (H1369) 'and like your mighty acts'.
בַּמִּלְחָמָֽהin the battleprep + art + N com f sg abs · מִלְחָמָה (H4421)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מִלְחָמָה (H4421) 'in the battle'.
26

וְאָנ֥וּ וְאָבְל֖וּ פְּתָחֶ֑יהָ וְנִקָּ֖תָה לָאָ֥רֶץ תֵּשֵֽׁב

And her gates shall lament and mourn; and she desolate shall sit upon the ground.

Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-orientedwə
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'she shall remain'. Closes the chapter.
Word-by-word analysis· 6 words
וְאָנ֥וּandconj וְ + art · אָנָה (H578)Particle or relational elementאָנָה (H578) 'and'.
וְאָבְל֖וּand they mournedconj וְ + Qal q 3cp · אָבַל (H56)Particle or relational elementאָבַל (H56) 'and they mourned'.
פְּתָחֶ֑יהָthe entrance ofN c · פֶּתַח (H6607)Construct chain (genitival)פֶּתַח (H6607) 'the entrance of'.
וְנִקָּ֖תָהthen she shall be freeconj וְ + Niphal q 3fs · נָקָה (H5352)Particle or relational elementנָקָה (H5352) 'then she shall be free'.
לָאָ֥רֶץfor the landprep + art + N com c sg abs · אֶרֶץ (H776)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֶרֶץ (H776) 'for the land'.
תֵּשֵֽׁבshe shall remainQal impf 3fs · יָשַׁב (H3427)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalיָשַׁב (H3427) 'she shall remain'.