Hebrew Text · Translation · Interlinear · Discourse Structure

The Book of Isaiah, Chapter 25ישעיהו 25

Each verse opens with the running Hebrew, an English translation, and a discourse note (its connective, relation, and role in the argument). Below follows the word-by-word breakdown in six tiers: gloss, case/state or parsing, syntax, semantic force, and a lexical note.

Case Nominative Genitive Dative Accusative Vocative Verb (no case) Indeclinable

Discourse notes head each verse: relation · connective · clause-flow. Indentation marks prominence — flush-left = main line of argument; indented = supporting / subordinate material.

Theme

Praise for YHWH's long-formed counsels, the reduction of the fortified city to ruin, refuge for the poor against ruthless storm, a mountain feast for all peoples, the swallowing of the world-covering shroud and of death itself, tears wiped away, the jubilant confession of those who waited for salvation, and the humiliation of Moab's pride together make Isaiah 25 one of the most radiant answer-songs to the universal judgment vision of the previous chapter. It opens as direct doxology. YHWH is named as 'my God,' and praise rises because what has happened is not improvisation but the execution of plans formed from long ago in faithfulness and firmness. The ruined city therefore matters not only as political collapse but as proof that the God who judges history does so according to reliable purpose. From there the chapter turns outward. Strong peoples and the city of ruthless nations now honor or fear YHWH precisely because he has shown himself to be a stronghold for the poor and needy in distress. The ruthless had seemed like storm, blast, and desert heat, but their force is answered by divine shelter and by a humbling as decisive as shade breaking oppressive sun. The middle movement then rises into one of Isaiah's great Zion promises. On this mountain YHWH of hosts prepares for all peoples a feast of rich food and well-aged wine, and there he destroys the shroud cast over the nations and swallows up death forever. The world-order threatened in Isaiah 24 is answered not by mere survival but by a renewed communion marked by abundance, unveiled life, and the removal of tears and reproach. The response in verse 9 is therefore central. The saved community identifies YHWH openly as the God for whom it waited and calls one another to rejoice in his salvation. Yet the chapter does not dissolve into generalized triumph. It returns to judgment in a focused and humiliating image of Moab trampled like straw in foul water, spreading its hands like a swimmer only to find its pride brought low. The fortified height of its walls is cast down to dust. Taken together, the chapter binds doxology, anti-imperial reversal, protection for the poor, eschatological feast, victory over death, public confession, and the abasement of proud resistance into a Zion song where YHWH's faithful purpose is shown to end not only in judgment but in the public vindication and joy of his people.

Translation & textual notes

The Hebrew base text here follows the Masoretic Text in the Leningrad tradition as represented by the Westminster Leningrad Codex / MorphHB diplomatic stream imported from OSHB; distinctively copyrighted apparatus from BHS or BHQ is not reproduced. Five linked movements shape the chapter: praise for YHWH's faithful long-planned wonders in the ruin of the city (vv. 1-2), the honoring of YHWH by strong peoples because he shelters the poor and silences the ruthless (vv. 3-5), the mountain feast for all peoples together with the swallowing of the world-covering shroud and of death itself (vv. 6-8), the saved community's confession that it has waited for this God and now rejoices in his salvation (v. 9), and the final humiliation of Moab's pride and fortifications beneath YHWH's resting hand on the mountain (vv. 10-12). Verse 1 should preserve the directness of the address and the compact force of the final pair. YHWH is not praised vaguely but for having enacted marvelous plans from long ago in faithfulness and firmness; translation should keep both the antiquity and the reliability of the divine counsel visible. Verse 2 then grounds the praise in urban overthrow. The city is made a heap, the fortified town a ruin, and the foreign palace is reduced so thoroughly that it will never be rebuilt; the point is less the naming of one locale than the demonstration that hostile civic strength can be unmade by YHWH. Verses 3-5 explain why the nations now respond differently. Strong peoples glorify YHWH because he has proved to be a refuge for the poor and needy in distress. The similes in verses 4-5 should remain vivid: the blast of the ruthless is like a storm against a wall, and their uproar is subdued like desert heat broken by cloud-shadow. The transition matters because the God who overthrows fortified pride is the same God who shelters the vulnerable. Verses 6-8 are among the chapter's theological centerpieces and should be translated with full material and eschatological force. The doubled feast language in verse 6 should keep both abundance and refinement visible: rich food, aged wine, marrow-fatness, and strained or purified wine. Verse 7's twofold image of the covering and the veil spread over all peoples should remain explicit, because the chapter portrays a universal human condition being removed on Zion. Verse 8 must preserve the directness of the triumph: death is swallowed forever, tears are wiped from every face, and the reproach of YHWH's people is removed from all the earth. The closing clause, 'for YHWH has spoken,' seals that promise with prophetic certainty. Verse 9 then gives the fitting communal response and should retain its repeated waiting-language. The point is not generic piety but recognition that the long-awaited salvation has now arrived in the God who has acted. Verses 10-12 return to judgment with difficult but vivid imagery focused on Moab. The hand of YHWH resting on this mountain should be preserved as a settled sign of favor and sovereign presence, while Moab beneath is trampled like straw in the liquid filth of a dung-pit. The exact nuance of the final phrase in verse 10 is debated, but the image's humiliating downwardness should remain unmistakable. Verse 11's swimming simile should likewise stay concrete: Moab stretches out its hands as though to stay afloat, yet YHWH brings low its pride together with the skill or stratagem of those hands. Verse 12 closes with triple abasement language for the high fortification of the walls, carrying the chapter from lofty feast to dust-level humiliation for proud resistance. Taken together, the passage should therefore be translated as a Zion hymn in which YHWH's ancient counsels are vindicated through judgment on the ruthless, shelter for the poor, the abolition of death's covering power, and the public joy of a people whose waiting has not been in vain. Versification follows the MT. **Cruxes.** | Verse | Issue | | --- | --- | | none | none of note |

1

יְהוָ֤ה אֱלֹהַי֙ אַתָּ֔ה אֲרֽוֹמִמְךָ֙ אוֹדֶ֣ה שִׁמְךָ֔ כִּ֥י עָשִׂ֖יתָ פֶּ֑לֶא עֵצ֥וֹת מֵֽרָח֖וֹק אֱמ֥וּנָה אֹֽמֶן

O YHWH, you my God; I will exalt you, I will praise your name; for you have done wonderful counsels of old faithfulness truth.

Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-orientedasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'and tall'. Opens the chapter.
Word-by-word analysis· 13 words
יְהוָ֤הYHWHN · יְהוָה (H3068)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוָה (H3068) 'YHWH'.
אֱלֹהַי֙the God ofN c · אֱלֹהִים (H430)Construct chain (genitival)אֱלֹהִים (H430) 'the God of'.
אַתָּ֔הyoupron 2ms · אַתָּה (H859)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אַתָּה (H859) 'you'.
אֲרֽוֹמִמְךָ֙and tallPolel impf 1cs + sfx 2ms · רוּם (H7311)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalרוּם (H7311) 'and tall'.
אוֹדֶ֣הI will praiseHiphil impf 1cs · יָדָה (H3034)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalיָדָה (H3034) 'I will praise'.
שִׁמְךָ֔your nameN c · שֵׁם (H8034)Construct chain (genitival)שֵׁם (H8034) 'your name'.
כִּ֥יforconj וְ · כִּי (H3588)Particle or relational elementכִּי (H3588) 'for'.
עָשִׂ֖יתָyou have doneQal perf 2ms · עָשָׂה (H6213)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actעָשָׂה (H6213) 'you have done'.
פֶּ֑לֶאwonder.N c · פֶּלֶא (H6382)Construct chain (genitival)פֶּלֶא (H6382) 'wonder.'.
עֵצ֥וֹתcounselN c · עֵצָה (H6098)Construct chain (genitival)עֵצָה (H6098) 'counsel'.
מֵֽרָח֖וֹקfrom far awayprep + Adj · רָחוֹק (H7350)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)רָחוֹק (H7350) 'from far away'.
אֱמ֥וּנָהfaithfulnessN c · אֱמוּנָה (H530)Construct chain (genitival)אֱמוּנָה (H530) 'faithfulness'.
אֹֽמֶןtruthN c · אֹמֶן (H544)Construct chain (genitival)אֹמֶן (H544) 'truth'.
2

כִּ֣י שַׂ֤מְתָּ מֵעִיר֙ לַגָּ֔ל קִרְיָ֥ה בְצוּרָ֖ה לְמַפֵּלָ֑ה אַרְמ֤וֹן זָרִים֙ מֵעִ֔יר לְעוֹלָ֖ם לֹ֥א יִבָּנֶֽה

For you have made of a city an heap; a defenced city a ruin: a palace of strangers to be no city; it shall never be built.

Qatal — perfective or stative predicationwə
kî-clause (causal, recitative, or evidential). Qatal — perfective or stative predication. Lead predicate is 'and he set'.
Word-by-word analysis· 13 words
כִּ֣יforconj וְ · כִּי (H3588)Particle or relational elementכִּי (H3588) 'for'.
שַׂ֤מְתָּand he setQal perf 2ms · שִׂים (H7760)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actשִׂים (H7760) 'and he set'.
מֵעִיר֙from the city ofprep + N com f sg abs · עִיר (H5892)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עִיר (H5892) 'from the city of'.
לַגָּ֔לthe heapprep + art + N com m sg abs · גַּל (H1530)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)גַּל (H1530) 'the heap'.
קִרְיָ֥הa cityN c · קִרְיָה (H7151)Construct chain (genitival)קִרְיָה (H7151) 'a city'.
בְצוּרָ֖הfortifiedAdj · בָּצוּר (H1219)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)בָּצוּר (H1219) 'fortified'.
לְמַפֵּלָ֑הtoprep + N com f sg abs · מַפָּלָה (H4654)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מַפָּלָה (H4654) 'to'.
אַרְמ֤וֹןcastleN c · אַרְמוֹן (H759)Construct chain (genitival)אַרְמוֹן (H759) 'castle'.
זָרִים֙an outsiderAdj · זָר (H2114)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)זָר (H2114) 'an outsider'.
מֵעִ֔ירfrom the city ofprep + N com f sg abs · עִיר (H5892)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עִיר (H5892) 'from the city of'.
לְעוֹלָ֖םforeverprep + N com m sg abs · עוֹלָם (H5769)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עוֹלָם (H5769) 'forever'.
לֹ֥אnotneg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'not'.
יִבָּנֶֽהhe builds upN · בָּנָה (H1129)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)בָּנָה (H1129) 'he builds up'.
3

עַל כֵּ֖ן יְכַבְּד֣וּךָ עַם עָ֑ז קִרְיַ֛ת גּוֹיִ֥ם עָרִיצִ֖ים יִירָאֽוּךָ

Therefore shall the strong people glorify you, the city of the terrible nations shall fear you.

Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-orientedasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'and he hardened'.
Word-by-word analysis· 9 words
עַלonprep · עַל (H5921)Particle or relational elementעַל (H5921) 'on'.
כֵּ֖ןsoadv. · כֵּן (H3651)Particle or relational elementכֵּן (H3651) 'so'.
יְכַבְּד֣וּךָand he hardenedPiel impf 3mp + sfx 2ms · כָּבֵד (H3513)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalכָּבֵד (H3513) 'and he hardened'.
עַםa peopleN c · עַם (H5971)Construct chain (genitival)עַם (H5971) 'a people'.
עָ֑זstrongAdj · עַז (H5794)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עַז (H5794) 'strong'.
קִרְיַ֛תa cityN c · קִרְיָה (H7151)Construct chain (genitival)קִרְיָה (H7151) 'a city'.
גּוֹיִ֥םnationsN c · גּוֹי (H1471)Construct chain (genitival)גּוֹי (H1471) 'nations'.
עָרִיצִ֖יםmightyAdj · עָרִיץ (H6184)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עָרִיץ (H6184) 'mighty'.
יִירָאֽוּךָfearQal impf 3mp + sfx 2ms · יָרֵא (H3372)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalיָרֵא (H3372) 'fear'.
4

כִּֽי הָיִ֨יתָ מָע֥וֹז לַדָּ֛ל מָע֥וֹז לָאֶבְי֖וֹן בַּצַּר ל֑וֹ מַחְסֶ֤ה מִזֶּ֨רֶם֙ צֵ֣ל מֵחֹ֔רֶב כִּ֛י ר֥וּחַ עָרִיצִ֖ים כְּזֶ֥רֶם קִֽיר

For you have been a strength to the poor, a strength to the needy in his distress, a refuge from the storm, a shadow from the heat, when the blast of the terrible ones as a storm the wall.

Qatal — perfective or stative predicationwə
kî-clause (causal, recitative, or evidential). Qatal — perfective or stative predication. Lead predicate is 'you were'.
Word-by-word analysis· 17 words
כִּֽיforconj וְ · כִּי (H3588)Particle or relational elementכִּי (H3588) 'for'.
הָיִ֨יתָyou wereQal perf 2ms · הָיָה (H1961)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actהָיָה (H1961) 'you were'.
מָע֥וֹזstrongholdN c · מָעוֹז (H4581)Construct chain (genitival)מָעוֹז (H4581) 'stronghold'.
לַדָּ֛לpoorprep + art + Adj · דַּל (H1800)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)דַּל (H1800) 'poor'.
מָע֥וֹזstrongholdN c · מָעוֹז (H4581)Construct chain (genitival)מָעוֹז (H4581) 'stronghold'.
לָאֶבְי֖וֹןpoorprep + art + Adj · אֶבְיוֹן (H34)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֶבְיוֹן (H34) 'poor'.
בַּצַּרwhen in distressprep + art + Adj · צַר (H6862)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)צַר (H6862) 'when in distress'.
ל֑וֹto himprep + sfx 3msParticle or relational elementFunction word: 'to him'.
מַחְסֶ֤הhopeN c · מַחֲסֶה (H4268)Construct chain (genitival)מַחֲסֶה (H4268) 'hope'.
מִזֶּ֨רֶם֙fromprep + N com m sg abs · זֶרֶם (H2230)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)זֶרֶם (H2230) 'from'.
צֵ֣לin the shadow ofN c · צֵל (H6738)Construct chain (genitival)צֵל (H6738) 'in the shadow of'.
מֵחֹ֔רֶבthe heatprep + N com m sg abs · חֹרֶב (H2721)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)חֹרֶב (H2721) 'the heat'.
כִּ֛יforconj וְ · כִּי (H3588)Particle or relational elementכִּי (H3588) 'for'.
ר֥וּחַa spirit ofN c · רוּחַ (H7307)Construct chain (genitival)רוּחַ (H7307) 'a spirit of'.
עָרִיצִ֖יםmightyAdj · עָרִיץ (H6184)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עָרִיץ (H6184) 'mighty'.
כְּזֶ֥רֶםas / likeprep + N com m sg constr · זֶרֶם (H2230)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)זֶרֶם (H2230) 'as / like'.
קִֽירthe wall ofN c · קִיר (H7023)Construct chain (genitival)קִיר (H7023) 'the wall of'.
5

כְּחֹ֣רֶב בְּצָי֔וֹן שְׁא֥וֹן זָרִ֖ים תַּכְנִ֑יעַ חֹ֚רֶב בְּצֵ֣ל עָ֔ב זְמִ֥יר עָֽרִיצִ֖ים יַעֲנֶֽה

You shall bring down the noise of strangers, as the heat in a dry place; the heat with the shadow of a cloud: the branch of the terrible ones shall be brought low.

Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-orientedasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'subdued'.
Word-by-word analysis· 11 words
כְּחֹ֣רֶבthe heatprep + N com m sg abs · חֹרֶב (H2721)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)חֹרֶב (H2721) 'the heat'.
בְּצָי֔וֹןinprep + N com m sg abs · צִיוֹן (H6724)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)צִיוֹן (H6724) 'in'.
שְׁא֥וֹןhorribleN c · שָׁאוֹן (H7588)Construct chain (genitival)שָׁאוֹן (H7588) 'horrible'.
זָרִ֖יםan outsiderAdj · זָר (H2114)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)זָר (H2114) 'an outsider'.
תַּכְנִ֑יעַsubduedHiphil impf 2ms · כָּנַע (H3665)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalכָּנַע (H3665) 'subdued'.
חֹ֚רֶבthe heatN c · חֹרֶב (H2721)Construct chain (genitival)חֹרֶב (H2721) 'the heat'.
בְּצֵ֣לin the shadow ofprep + N com m sg constr · צֵל (H6738)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)צֵל (H6738) 'in the shadow of'.
עָ֔בin the thickness ofN c · עָב (H5645)Construct chain (genitival)עָב (H5645) 'in the thickness of'.
זְמִ֥ירpsalmN c · זָמִיר (H2158)Construct chain (genitival)זָמִיר (H2158) 'psalm'.
עָֽרִיצִ֖יםmightyAdj · עָרִיץ (H6184)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עָרִיץ (H6184) 'mighty'.
יַעֲנֶֽהwill answerQal impf 3ms · עָנָה (H6030)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalעָנָה (H6030) 'will answer'.
6

וְעָשָׂה֩ יְהוָ֨ה צְבָא֜וֹת לְכָל הָֽעַמִּים֙ בָּהָ֣ר הַזֶּ֔ה מִשְׁתֵּ֥ה שְׁמָנִ֖ים מִשְׁתֵּ֣ה שְׁמָרִ֑ים שְׁמָנִים֙ מְמֻ֣חָיִ֔ם שְׁמָרִ֖ים מְזֻקָּקִֽים

And in this mountain shall YHWH of hosts make to all people a feast of fat things, a feast of wines on the lees, of fat things full of marrow, of wines on the lees well refined.

Participle — attendant circumstance or substantival actorwə
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Participle — attendant circumstance or substantival actor. Lead predicate is 'be wiped out'.
Word-by-word analysis· 15 words
וְעָשָׂה֩and makeconj וְ + Qal q 3ms · עָשָׂה (H6213)Particle or relational elementעָשָׂה (H6213) 'and make'.
יְהוָ֨הYHWHN · יְהוָה (H3068)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוָה (H3068) 'YHWH'.
צְבָא֜וֹתof troopsN c · צָבָא (H6635)Construct chain (genitival)צָבָא (H6635) 'of troops'.
לְכָלto allprep + N com m sg constr · כֹּל (H3605)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)כֹּל (H3605) 'to all'.
הָֽעַמִּים֙the peoplesart + N com m pl abs · עַם (H5971)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עַם (H5971) 'the peoples'.
בָּהָ֣רon the mountainprep + art + N com m sg abs · הַר (H2022)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)הַר (H2022) 'on the mountain'.
הַזֶּ֔הthisart + dem. pron xms · זֶה (H2088)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)זֶה (H2088) 'this'.
מִשְׁתֵּ֥הa feastN c · מִשְׁתֶּה (H4960)Construct chain (genitival)מִשְׁתֶּה (H4960) 'a feast'.
שְׁמָנִ֖יםwith oilN c · שֶׁמֶן (H8081)Construct chain (genitival)שֶׁמֶן (H8081) 'with oil'.
מִשְׁתֵּ֣הa feastN c · מִשְׁתֶּה (H4960)Construct chain (genitival)מִשְׁתֶּה (H4960) 'a feast'.
שְׁמָרִ֑יםdregsN c · שֶׁמֶר (H8105)Construct chain (genitival)שֶׁמֶר (H8105) 'dregs'.
שְׁמָנִים֙with oilN c · שֶׁמֶן (H8081)Construct chain (genitival)שֶׁמֶן (H8081) 'with oil'.
מְמֻ֣חָיִ֔םbe wiped outPual ptc mp · מָחָה (H4229)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorמָחָה (H4229) 'be wiped out'.
שְׁמָרִ֖יםdregsN c · שֶׁמֶר (H8105)Construct chain (genitival)שֶׁמֶר (H8105) 'dregs'.
מְזֻקָּקִֽיםfinePual ptc mp · זָקַק (H2212)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorזָקַק (H2212) 'fine'.
7

וּבִלַּע֙ בָּהָ֣ר הַזֶּ֔ה פְּנֵֽי הַלּ֥וֹט הַלּ֖וֹט עַל כָּל הָֽעַמִּ֑ים וְהַמַּסֵּכָ֥ה הַנְּסוּכָ֖ה עַל כָּל הַגּוֹיִֽם

And he will destroy in this mountain the face of the covering cast over all people, and the vail that is spread over all nations.

Participle — attendant circumstance or substantival actorwə
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Participle — attendant circumstance or substantival actor. Lead predicate is 'covering'.
Word-by-word analysis· 14 words
וּבִלַּע֙and it swallowedconj וְ + Piel q 3ms · בָּלַע (H1104)Particle or relational elementבָּלַע (H1104) 'and it swallowed'.
בָּהָ֣רon the mountainprep + art + N com m sg abs · הַר (H2022)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)הַר (H2022) 'on the mountain'.
הַזֶּ֔הthisart + dem. pron xms · זֶה (H2088)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)זֶה (H2088) 'this'.
פְּנֵֽיthe face ofN c · פָּנִים (H6440)Construct chain (genitival)פָּנִים (H6440) 'the face of'.
הַלּ֥וֹטcoveringart + Qal ptc ms · לוֹט (H3875)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorלוֹט (H3875) 'covering'.
הַלּ֖וֹטcastart + Qal ptc ms · לוּט (H3874)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorלוּט (H3874) 'cast'.
עַלonprep · עַל (H5921)Particle or relational elementעַל (H5921) 'on'.
כָּלallN c · כֹּל (H3605)Construct chain (genitival)כֹּל (H3605) 'all'.
הָֽעַמִּ֑יםthe peoplesart + N com m pl abs · עַם (H5971)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עַם (H5971) 'the peoples'.
וְהַמַּסֵּכָ֥הor a molten imageconj וְ + art + N com f sg abs · מַסֵּכָה (H4541)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מַסֵּכָה (H4541) 'or a molten image'.
הַנְּסוּכָ֖הthat is spreadart + Qal ptc fs · נָסַךְ (H5259)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorנָסַךְ (H5259) 'that is spread'.
עַלonprep · עַל (H5921)Particle or relational elementעַל (H5921) 'on'.
כָּלallN c · כֹּל (H3605)Construct chain (genitival)כֹּל (H3605) 'all'.
הַגּוֹיִֽםthe nationsart + N com m pl abs · גּוֹי (H1471)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)גּוֹי (H1471) 'the nations'.
8

בִּלַּ֤ע הַמָּ֨וֶת֙ לָנֶ֔צַח וּמָחָ֨ה אֲדֹנָ֧י יְהוִ֛ה דִּמְעָ֖ה מֵעַ֣ל כָּל פָּנִ֑ים וְחֶרְפַּ֣ת עַמּ֗וֹ יָסִיר֙ מֵעַ֣ל כָּל הָאָ֔רֶץ כִּ֥י יְהוָ֖ה דִּבֵּֽר

He will swallow up death in victory; and YHWH YHWH will wipe away tears from off all faces; and the rebuke of his people shall he take away from off all the earth: for YHWH has spoken .

Qatal — perfective or stative predicationwə
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Qatal — perfective or stative predication. Lead predicate is 'and it swallowed'.
Word-by-word analysis· 19 words
בִּלַּ֤עand it swallowedPiel perf 3ms · בָּלַע (H1104)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actבָּלַע (H1104) 'and it swallowed'.
הַמָּ֨וֶת֙deathart + N com m sg abs · מָוֶת (H4194)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מָוֶת (H4194) 'death'.
לָנֶ֔צַחalwayprep + N com m sg abs · נֶצַח (H5331)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)נֶצַח (H5331) 'alway'.
וּמָחָ֨הand will wipe outconj וְ + Qal q 3ms · מָחָה (H4229)Particle or relational elementמָחָה (H4229) 'and will wipe out'.
אֲדֹנָ֧יmy LordN c · אֲדֹנָי (H136)Construct chain (genitival)אֲדֹנָי (H136) 'my Lord'.
יְהוִ֛הYHWHN · יְהוִה (H3069)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוִה (H3069) 'YHWH'.
דִּמְעָ֖הtearsN c · דִּמְעָה (H1832)Construct chain (genitival)דִּמְעָה (H1832) 'tears'.
מֵעַ֣לfrom uponprep + prep · עַל (H5921)Particle or relational elementעַל (H5921) 'from upon'.
כָּלallN c · כֹּל (H3605)Construct chain (genitival)כֹּל (H3605) 'all'.
פָּנִ֑יםfaceN c · פָּנִים (H6440)Construct chain (genitival)פָּנִים (H6440) 'face'.
וְחֶרְפַּ֣תa reproachconj וְ + N com f sg constr · חֶרְפָּה (H2781)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)חֶרְפָּה (H2781) 'a reproach'.
עַמּ֗וֹhis peopleN c · עַם (H5971)Construct chain (genitival)עַם (H5971) 'his people'.
יָסִיר֙he shall removeHiphil impf 3ms · סוּר (H5493)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalסוּר (H5493) 'he shall remove'.
מֵעַ֣לfrom uponprep + prep · עַל (H5921)Particle or relational elementעַל (H5921) 'from upon'.
כָּלallN c · כֹּל (H3605)Construct chain (genitival)כֹּל (H3605) 'all'.
הָאָ֔רֶץthe landart + N com c sg abs · אֶרֶץ (H776)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֶרֶץ (H776) 'the land'.
כִּ֥יforconj וְ · כִּי (H3588)Particle or relational elementכִּי (H3588) 'for'.
יְהוָ֖הYHWHN · יְהוָה (H3068)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוָה (H3068) 'YHWH'.
דִּבֵּֽרspeakPiel perf 3ms · דִּבֶּר (H1696)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actדִּבֶּר (H1696) 'speak'.
9

וְאָמַר֙ בַּיּ֣וֹם הַה֔וּא הִנֵּ֨ה אֱלֹהֵ֥ינוּ זֶ֛ה קִוִּ֥ינוּ ל֖וֹ וְיֽוֹשִׁיעֵ֑נוּ זֶ֤ה יְהוָה֙ קִוִּ֣ינוּ ל֔וֹ נָגִ֥ילָה וְנִשְׂמְחָ֖ה בִּישׁוּעָתֽוֹ

And it shall be said in that day, Lo, this our God; we have waited for him, and he will save us: this YHWH; we have waited for him, we will be glad and rejoice in his salvation.

Qatal — perfective or stative predicationwə
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Qatal — perfective or stative predication. Lead predicate is 'let be gathered'. Speech formula or quoted address.
Word-by-word analysis· 16 words
וְאָמַר֙and I saidconj וְ + Qal q 3ms · אָמַר (H559)Particle or relational elementאָמַר (H559) 'and I said'.
בַּיּ֣וֹםon the dayprep + art + N com m sg abs · יוֹם (H3117)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יוֹם (H3117) 'on the day'.
הַה֔וּאthatart + pron 3ms · הִיא (H1931)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)הִיא (H1931) 'that'.
הִנֵּ֨הbeholdadv. · הִנֵּה (H2009)Particle or relational elementהִנֵּה (H2009) 'behold'.
אֱלֹהֵ֥ינוּour GodN c · אֱלֹהִים (H430)Construct chain (genitival)אֱלֹהִים (H430) 'our God'.
זֶ֛הthisdem. pron xms · זֶה (H2088)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)זֶה (H2088) 'this'.
קִוִּ֥ינוּlet be gatheredPiel perf 1cp · קָוָה (H6960)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actקָוָה (H6960) 'let be gathered'.
ל֖וֹto himprep + sfx 3msParticle or relational elementFunction word: 'to him'.
וְיֽוֹשִׁיעֵ֑נוּone to saveconj וְ + Hiphil impf 3ms + sfx 1cp · יָשַׁע (H3467)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalיָשַׁע (H3467) 'one to save'.
זֶ֤הthisdem. pron xms · זֶה (H2088)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)זֶה (H2088) 'this'.
יְהוָה֙YHWHN · יְהוָה (H3068)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוָה (H3068) 'YHWH'.
קִוִּ֣ינוּlet be gatheredPiel perf 1cp · קָוָה (H6960)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actקָוָה (H6960) 'let be gathered'.
ל֔וֹto himprep + sfx 3msParticle or relational elementFunction word: 'to him'.
נָגִ֥ילָהbe gladQal cohortative 1cp · גִּיל (H1523)Predicate verb (weqatal / cohortative)→ Weqatal/cohortative: sequential or volitionalגִּיל (H1523) 'be glad'.
וְנִשְׂמְחָ֖הand you shall rejoiceconj וְ + Qal cohortative 1cp · שָׂמַח (H8055)Predicate verb (weqatal / cohortative)→ Weqatal/cohortative: sequential or volitionalשָׂמַח (H8055) 'and you shall rejoice'.
בִּישׁוּעָתֽוֹhis salvationprep + N com f sg constr + sfx 3ms · יְשׁוּעָה (H3444)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְשׁוּעָה (H3444) 'his salvation'.
10

כִּֽי תָנ֥וּחַ יַד יְהוָ֖ה בָּהָ֣ר הַזֶּ֑ה וְנָ֤דוֹשׁ מוֹאָב֙ תַּחְתָּ֔יו כְּהִדּ֥וּשׁ מַתְבֵּ֖ן במי בְּמ֥וֹ מַדְמֵנָֽה

For in this mountain shall the hand of YHWH rest, and Moab shall be trodden down under him, even as straw is trodden down for the dunghill.

Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-orientedwə
kî-clause (causal, recitative, or evidential). Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'gives rest'.
Word-by-word analysis· 14 words
כִּֽיforconj וְ · כִּי (H3588)Particle or relational elementכִּי (H3588) 'for'.
תָנ֥וּחַgives restQal impf 3fs · נוּחַ (H5117)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalנוּחַ (H5117) 'gives rest'.
יַדthe hand ofN c · יָד (H3027)Construct chain (genitival)יָד (H3027) 'the hand of'.
יְהוָ֖הYHWHN · יְהוָה (H3068)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוָה (H3068) 'YHWH'.
בָּהָ֣רon the mountainprep + art + N com m sg abs · הַר (H2022)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)הַר (H2022) 'on the mountain'.
הַזֶּ֑הthisart + dem. pron xms · זֶה (H2088)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)זֶה (H2088) 'this'.
וְנָ֤דוֹשׁwhile it threshesconj וְ + Niphal q 3ms · דּוּשׁ (H1758)Particle or relational elementדּוּשׁ (H1758) 'while it threshes'.
מוֹאָב֙MoabN · מוֹאָב (H4124)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מוֹאָב (H4124) 'Moab'.
תַּחְתָּ֔יוin his placeprep + sfx 3ms · תַּחַת (H8478)Particle or relational elementתַּחַת (H8478) 'in his place'.
כְּהִדּ֥וּשׁwhile it threshesprep + Niphal inf constr · דּוּשׁ (H1758)Infinitive construct→ Infinitive construct: purpose, result, or complementדּוּשׁ (H1758) 'while it threshes'.
מַתְבֵּ֖ןstrawN c · מַתְבֵּן (H4963)Construct chain (genitival)מַתְבֵּן (H4963) 'straw'.
במיwithprep + N com m pl constr · בְּמוֹ (H1119)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)בְּמוֹ (H1119) 'with'.
בְּמ֥וֹwithprep · בְּמוֹ (H1119)Particle or relational elementבְּמוֹ (H1119) 'with'.
מַדְמֵנָֽהdunghillN c · מַדְמֵנָה (H4087)Construct chain (genitival)מַדְמֵנָה (H4087) 'dunghill'.
11

וּפֵרַ֤שׂ יָדָיו֙ בְּקִרְבּ֔וֹ כַּאֲשֶׁ֛ר יְפָרֵ֥שׂ הַשֹּׂחֶ֖ה לִשְׂח֑וֹת וְהִשְׁפִּיל֙ גַּֽאֲוָת֔וֹ עִ֖ם אָרְבּ֥וֹת יָדָֽיו

And he shall spread forth his hands in the midst of them, as he that swimmeth spreadeth forth to swim: and he shall bring down their pride together with the spoils of their hands.

Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-orientedwə
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'spreads out'.
Word-by-word analysis· 12 words
וּפֵרַ֤שׂand they shall spreadconj וְ + Piel q 3ms · פָּרַשׂ (H6566)Particle or relational elementפָּרַשׂ (H6566) 'and they shall spread'.
יָדָיו֙his handsN c · יָד (H3027)Construct chain (genitival)יָד (H3027) 'his hands'.
בְּקִרְבּ֔וֹin its midstprep + N com m sg constr + sfx 3ms · קֶרֶב (H7130)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)קֶרֶב (H7130) 'in its midst'.
כַּאֲשֶׁ֛רjust asprep + rel. שֶׁ · אֲשֶׁר (H834)Particle or relational elementאֲשֶׁר (H834) 'just as'.
יְפָרֵ֥שׂspreads outPiel impf 3ms · פָּרַשׂ (H6566)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalפָּרַשׂ (H6566) 'spreads out'.
הַשֹּׂחֶ֖ה(make to) swimart + Qal ptc ms · שָׂחָה (H7811)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorשָׂחָה (H7811) '(make to) swim'.
לִשְׂח֑וֹתtoprep + Qal inf constr · שָׂחָה (H7811)Infinitive construct→ Infinitive construct: purpose, result, or complementשָׂחָה (H7811) 'to'.
וְהִשְׁפִּיל֙abaseconj וְ + Hiphil q 3ms · שָׁפֵל (H8213)Particle or relational elementשָׁפֵל (H8213) 'abase'.
גַּֽאֲוָת֔וֹand in his majestyN c · גַּאֲוָה (H1346)Construct chain (genitival)גַּאֲוָה (H1346) 'and in his majesty'.
עִ֖םwithprep · עִם (H5973)Particle or relational elementעִם (H5973) 'with'.
אָרְבּ֥וֹתspoilsN c · אׇרֳבָה (H698)Construct chain (genitival)אׇרֳבָה (H698) 'spoils'.
יָדָֽיוhis handsN c · יָד (H3027)Construct chain (genitival)יָד (H3027) 'his hands'.
12

וּמִבְצַ֞ר מִשְׂגַּ֣ב חוֹמֹתֶ֗יךָ הֵשַׁ֥ח הִשְׁפִּ֛יל הִגִּ֥יעַ לָאָ֖רֶץ עַד עָפָֽר

And the fortress of the high fort of your walls shall he bring down, lay low, bring to the ground, to the dust.

Qatal — perfective or stative predicationwə
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Qatal — perfective or stative predication. Lead predicate is 'bend'. Closes the chapter.
Word-by-word analysis· 9 words
וּמִבְצַ֞רthe fortress ofconj וְ + N com m sg constr · מִבְצָר (H4013)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מִבְצָר (H4013) 'the fortress of'.
מִשְׂגַּ֣בdefenceN c · מִשְׂגָּב (H4869)Construct chain (genitival)מִשְׂגָּב (H4869) 'defence'.
חוֹמֹתֶ֗יךָthe city-wallN c · חוֹמָה (H2346)Construct chain (genitival)חוֹמָה (H2346) 'the city-wall'.
הֵשַׁ֥חbendHiphil perf 3ms · שָׁחַח (H7817)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actשָׁחַח (H7817) 'bend'.
הִשְׁפִּ֛ילabaseHiphil perf 3ms · שָׁפֵל (H8213)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actשָׁפֵל (H8213) 'abase'.
הִגִּ֥יעַtouchesHiphil perf 3ms · נָגַע (H5060)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actנָגַע (H5060) 'touches'.
לָאָ֖רֶץfor the landprep + art + N com c sg abs · אֶרֶץ (H776)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֶרֶץ (H776) 'for the land'.
עַדuntilprep · עַד (H5704)Particle or relational elementעַד (H5704) 'until'.
עָפָֽרdustN c · עָפָר (H6083)Construct chain (genitival)עָפָר (H6083) 'dust'.