Hebrew Text · Translation · Interlinear · Discourse Structure

The Book of Isaiah, Chapter 10ישעיהו 10

Each verse opens with the running Hebrew, an English translation, and a discourse note (its connective, relation, and role in the argument). Below follows the word-by-word breakdown in six tiers: gloss, case/state or parsing, syntax, semantic force, and a lexical note.

Case Nominative Genitive Dative Accusative Vocative Verb (no case) Indeclinable

Discourse notes head each verse: relation · connective · clause-flow. Indentation marks prominence — flush-left = main line of argument; indented = supporting / subordinate material.

Theme

Unjust decrees, Assyria as the rod of divine anger, imperial arrogance, remnant return, and the sudden felling of proud height bind Isaiah 10 into one of the book's clearest chapters on the difference between being used by God and fearing God. It opens by returning to the social crimes already exposed earlier in Isaiah. Lawmakers and scribes are denounced because they do not merely commit private wickedness; they engrave oppression into public order, bending judgment away from the poor and turning widows and orphans into legal prey. That first woe then widens quickly into a larger historical argument. Assyria is named as the rod of YHWH's anger, a brutal empire commissioned against a godless nation to seize spoil and trample the streets. Yet the chapter is just as clear that Assyria does not understand its own role. The empire imagines itself acting by native strength and wisdom alone. Its kings and commanders are treated as an unstoppable succession of conquerors, its victories over idol-ridden cities become the pattern for how it thinks Jerusalem must also fall, and its hand gathers nations as easily as abandoned eggs. The central irony is therefore theological: the instrument mistakes itself for the sovereign. The axe boasts over the woodsman, the saw magnifies itself over the one who wields it, and the staff imagines it can lift the one who lifts it. From there the oracle turns in two directions at once. Assyria's pride will be punished once the Lord has completed his work on Zion and Jerusalem: fatness will waste away, forest glory will burn, and the innumerable will be reduced until a child can count what remains. But Judah is not left only with news of Assyria's downfall. It also states one of Isaiah's defining remnant formulas: the survivors of Jacob will no longer lean on the one striking them, but will lean on YHWH, the Holy One of Israel, in truth. Though Israel be as the sand of the sea, only a remnant returns, because a decreed destruction is already moving through the land in righteousness. The closing march scene then lets the threat come almost to Jerusalem's doorstep. Place-name after place-name records the Assyrian advance until the invader stands at Nob shaking a hand at daughter Zion. Yet at that very point the perspective reverses. The Lord YHWH of hosts lops the proud bough, brings down the tall, and cuts the forest with iron so that Lebanon itself falls before a mighty one. Taken together, the passage binds social injustice, imperial vocation, imperial blasphemy, remnant faith, and the felling of worldly loftiness into a chapter where God uses empire without excusing it and saves a remnant without denying judgment.

Translation & textual notes

The Hebrew base text here follows the Masoretic Text in the Leningrad tradition as represented by the Westminster Leningrad Codex / MorphHB diplomatic stream imported from OSHB; distinctively copyrighted apparatus from BHS or BHQ is not reproduced. Five broad movements shape the chapter: the woe against unjust legislation and the surviving refrain of wrath (vv. 1-4), Assyria as the commissioned rod that misunderstands itself (vv. 5-11), the punishment of Assyrian arrogance by the one who wielded it (vv. 12-19), the remnant's true return to the Holy One of Israel (vv. 20-27), and the vivid approach-and-collapse of the Assyrian advance before Zion (vv. 28-34). Verses 1-4 should be translated with strong forensic and social language. Verse 1's pair of decree-makers and writers should remain concrete, because the point is that injustice is being formalized into public text. Verse 2's turning aside of the poor from justice and robbery of the afflicted's right should remain legal rather than merely emotional, and the widow-orphan pair should stay explicit as the classic measure of covenant failure. Verse 3's questions about the day of visitation and the devastation from afar should preserve their rhetorical force. The issue is not simply that judgment is coming, but that the oppressors will have nowhere to run and nowhere to leave their glory. Verse 4 then closes the unit under the still-stretched hand refrain carried over from the preceding chapter; that refrain should remain exact because it binds Isaiah 9 and 10 into one continuing wave of judgment. Verses 5-19 require especially careful handling because they move through commission, boast, irony, and sentence. Verse 5's identification of Assyria as the rod of YHWH's anger and the staff of his indignation should remain stark and paradoxical. In verse 6 the empire is sent against a godless nation and a people of wrath, and the vocabulary of spoil, prey, and trampling should stay blunt. Yet verses 7-11 immediately expose the difference between divine purpose and imperial intention. Assyria's heart is set on destruction, not obedience, and its sequence of city comparisons should remain cumulative and taunting. Verse 10 is textually and rhetorically important because Assyria measures Jerusalem and Samaria by the scale of defeated idol-kingdoms; the contrast between carved images and living divine election should not be blurred. Verse 12 marks the decisive turn: only after the Lord completes all his work on Mount Zion and in Jerusalem will he punish the fruit of the Assyrian king's proud heart and the beauty of his haughty eyes. Verses 13-14 should preserve the first-person imperial boasts in full. Removal of boundaries, seizure of treasures, and egg-gathering without resistance all dramatize overreaching power. Verse 15 is one of the chapter's central theological lines and should remain pointed: the axe does not boast over the one who chops, nor the saw over the one who wields it. The imagery depends on preserving the absurdity of instrument against agent. Verses 16-19 then answer pride with wasting, fire, and reduction. The Lord sends leanness among the empire's fat ones, Israel's Light becomes a fire, and the forest-glory dwindles until a child can count the trees. Verse 18's difficult closing image should be rendered in a way that preserves wasting collapse rather than pretending greater lexical certainty than the line allows. Verses 20-27 gather the chapter into remnant theology and should be translated with theological precision. Verse 20's turning from the smiter to reliance on YHWH in truth is central and should remain explicit, because the chapter's issue is not bare survival but redirected trust. Verse 21's שאר ישוב intentionally echoes the prophet's son's name from Isaiah 7 and should be allowed to sound that remnant-return theme clearly. Verse 22 is also crucial and later becomes programmatic beyond Isaiah: though Israel be as the sand of the sea, only a remnant returns. The line about a decreed destruction overflowing with righteousness should remain as a statement of judgment executed in moral rightness, not arbitrary devastation. Verse 23 intensifies that with the language of a complete and decided end in the midst of all the land. In verses 24-27 Zion is told not to fear Assyria even though the rod still falls for a little while. The Midian and Egypt comparisons should remain visible, because they place coming deliverance inside older patterns of divine overthrow. Verse 27's final clause is difficult and often translated in different ways; the image about the yoke being ruined because of fatness should remain concrete or minimally interpretive rather than over-smoothed. Verses 28-34 form a rapid approach scene and should be translated with vivid movement. The place-name chain from Aiath to Nob should remain abrupt, because its force lies in how quickly the invader seems to close on Jerusalem. Daughter Zion and the hill of Jerusalem in verse 32 should remain explicit as the threatened focal point. Then verses 33-34 reverse the entire momentum at once. The Lord YHWH of hosts lops the bough with terrifying force, cuts down the tall in stature, brings low the lofty, and hacks through the forest thickets with iron. Lebanon's fall by a mighty one should remain strong and climactic, whether heard as literal forest imagery, imperial metaphor, or both. Taken together, the passage should therefore be translated as the chapter where unjust Judah is warned, Assyria is commissioned yet exposed, a remnant is promised, and the proud forest of imperial might is suddenly felled by the Lord who alone stands above rod, axe, mountain, and empire. Versification follows the MT. **Cruxes.** | Verse | Issue | | --- | --- | | none | none of note |

1

ה֥וֹי הַחֹֽקְקִ֖ים חִקְקֵי אָ֑וֶן וּֽמְכַתְּבִ֥ים עָמָ֖ל כִּתֵּֽבוּ

Woe to them that decree unrighteous decrees, and that write grievousness they have prescribed;

Participle — attendant circumstance or substantival actorasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Participle — attendant circumstance or substantival actor. Lead predicate is 'the commander'. Opens the chapter.
Word-by-word analysis· 7 words
ה֥וֹיahparticle · הוֹי (H1945)Particle or relational elementהוֹי (H1945) 'ah'.
הַחֹֽקְקִ֖יםthe commanderart + Qal ptc mp · חָקַק (H2710)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorחָקַק (H2710) 'the commander'.
חִקְקֵיresolutions ofN c · חֵקֶק (H2711)Construct chain (genitival)חֵקֶק (H2711) 'resolutions of'.
אָ֑וֶןiniquityN c · אוֹן (H205)Construct chain (genitival)אוֹן (H205) 'iniquity'.
וּֽמְכַתְּבִ֥יםand he wroteconj וְ + Piel ptc mp · כָּתַב (H3789)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorכָּתַב (H3789) 'and he wrote'.
עָמָ֖לtroubleN c · עָמָל (H5999)Construct chain (genitival)עָמָל (H5999) 'trouble'.
כִּתֵּֽבוּwritePiel perf 3cp · כָּתַב (H3789)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actכָּתַב (H3789) 'write'.
2

לְהַטּ֤וֹת מִדִּין֙ דַּלִּ֔ים וְלִגְזֹ֕ל מִשְׁפַּ֖ט עֲנִיֵּ֣י עַמִּ֑י לִהְי֤וֹת אַלְמָנוֹת֙ שְׁלָלָ֔ם וְאֶת יְתוֹמִ֖ים יָבֹֽזּוּ

To turn aside the needy from judgment, and to take away the right from the poor of my people, that widows may be their prey, and they may rob the fatherless!

Infinitive construct — purpose, result, or complementasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Infinitive construct — purpose, result, or complement. Lead predicate is 'stretch out'.
Word-by-word analysis· 13 words
לְהַטּ֤וֹתstretch outprep + Hiphil inf constr · נָטָה (H5186)Infinitive construct→ Infinitive construct: purpose, result, or complementנָטָה (H5186) 'stretch out'.
מִדִּין֙a pleaprep + N com m sg abs · דִּין (H1779)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)דִּין (H1779) 'a plea'.
דַּלִּ֔יםpoorAdj · דַּל (H1800)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)דַּל (H1800) 'poor'.
וְלִגְזֹ֕לand robbedconj וְ + prep + Qal inf constr · גָּזַל (H1497)Infinitive construct→ Infinitive construct: purpose, result, or complementגָּזַל (H1497) 'and robbed'.
מִשְׁפַּ֖טjudgmentN c · מִשְׁפָּט (H4941)Construct chain (genitival)מִשְׁפָּט (H4941) 'judgment'.
עֲנִיֵּ֣יpoorAdj · עָנִי (H6041)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עָנִי (H6041) 'poor'.
עַמִּ֑יmy peopleN c · עַם (H5971)Construct chain (genitival)עַם (H5971) 'my people'.
לִהְי֤וֹתto beprep + Qal inf constr · הָיָה (H1961)Infinitive construct→ Infinitive construct: purpose, result, or complementהָיָה (H1961) 'to be'.
אַלְמָנוֹת֙widowsN c · אַלְמָנָה (H490)Construct chain (genitival)אַלְמָנָה (H490) 'widows'.
שְׁלָלָ֔םits spoilN c · שָׁלָל (H7998)Construct chain (genitival)שָׁלָל (H7998) 'its spoil'.
וְאֶתand [obj]conj וְ + obj marker · אֵת (H853)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H853) 'and [obj]'.
יְתוֹמִ֖יםand the orphanN c · יָתוֹם (H3490)Construct chain (genitival)יָתוֹם (H3490) 'and the orphan'.
יָבֹֽזּוּthey plunderedQal impf 3mp · בָּזַז (H962)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalבָּזַז (H962) 'they plundered'.
3

וּמַֽה תַּעֲשׂוּ֙ לְי֣וֹם פְּקֻדָּ֔ה וּלְשׁוֹאָ֖ה מִמֶּרְחָ֣ק תָּב֑וֹא עַל מִי֙ תָּנ֣וּסוּ לְעֶזְרָ֔ה וְאָ֥נָה תַעַזְב֖וּ כְּבוֹדְכֶֽם

And what will you do in the day of visitation, and in the desolation shall come from far? to whom will you flee for help? and where will you leave your glory?

Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'you shall do'.
Word-by-word analysis· 14 words
וּמַֽהand whatconj וְ + interrog. · מָה (H4100)Particle or relational elementמָה (H4100) 'and what'.
תַּעֲשׂוּ֙you shall doQal impf 2mp · עָשָׂה (H6213)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalעָשָׂה (H6213) 'you shall do'.
לְי֣וֹםfor the dayprep + N com m sg constr · יוֹם (H3117)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יוֹם (H3117) 'for the day'.
פְּקֻדָּ֔הand the fate ofN c · פְּקֻדָּה (H6486)Construct chain (genitival)פְּקֻדָּה (H6486) 'and the fate of'.
וּלְשׁוֹאָ֖הandconj וְ + prep + N com f sg abs · שׁוֹא (H7722)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שׁוֹא (H7722) 'and'.
מִמֶּרְחָ֣קfromprep + N com m sg abs · מֶרְחָק (H4801)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מֶרְחָק (H4801) 'from'.
תָּב֑וֹאyou comeQal impf 3fs · בּוֹא (H935)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalבּוֹא (H935) 'you come'.
עַלonprep · עַל (H5921)Particle or relational elementעַל (H5921) 'on'.
מִי֙whointerrog. · מִי (H4310)Particle or relational elementמִי (H4310) 'who'.
תָּנ֣וּסוּand they fledQal impf 2mp · נוּס (H5127)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalנוּס (H5127) 'and they fled'.
לְעֶזְרָ֔הto the help ofprep + N com f sg abs · עֶזְרָה (H5833)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עֶזְרָה (H5833) 'to the help of'.
וְאָ֥נָהand whereconj וְ + interrog. · אָנָה (H575)Particle or relational elementאָנָה (H575) 'and where'.
תַעַזְב֖וּyou forsakeQal impf 2mp · עָזַב (H5800)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalעָזַב (H5800) 'you forsake'.
כְּבוֹדְכֶֽםthe glory ofN c · כָּבוֹד (H3519)Construct chain (genitival)כָּבוֹד (H3519) 'the glory of'.
4

בִּלְתִּ֤י כָרַע֙ תַּ֣חַת אַסִּ֔יר וְתַ֥חַת הֲרוּגִ֖ים יִפֹּ֑לוּ בְּכָל זֹאת֙ לֹא שָׁ֣ב אַפּ֔וֹ וְע֖וֹד יָד֥וֹ נְטוּיָֽה

Without me they shall bow down under the prisoners, and they shall fall under the slain. For all this his anger is not turned away, but his hand stretched out still.

Qatal — perfective or stative predication
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Qatal — perfective or stative predication. Lead predicate is 'he knelt'.
Word-by-word analysis· 15 words
בִּלְתִּ֤יexceptconj וְ · בִּלְתִּי (H1115)Particle or relational elementבִּלְתִּי (H1115) 'except'.
כָרַע֙he kneltQal perf 3ms · כָּרַע (H3766)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actכָּרַע (H3766) 'he knelt'.
תַּ֣חַתunderprep · תַּחַת (H8478)Particle or relational elementתַּחַת (H8478) 'under'.
אַסִּ֔ירprisonerN c · אַסִּיר (H616)Construct chain (genitival)אַסִּיר (H616) 'prisoner'.
וְתַ֥חַתand underconj וְ + prep · תַּחַת (H8478)Particle or relational elementתַּחַת (H8478) 'and under'.
הֲרוּגִ֖יםthey killedQal ptc mp · הָרַג (H2026)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorהָרַג (H2026) 'they killed'.
יִפֹּ֑לוּshall fallQal impf 3mp · נָפַל (H5307)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalנָפַל (H5307) 'shall fall'.
בְּכָלin allprep + N com m sg constr · כֹּל (H3605)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)כֹּל (H3605) 'in all'.
זֹאת֙thisdem. pron xfs · זֹאת (H2063)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)זֹאת (H2063) 'this'.
לֹאnotneg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'not'.
שָׁ֣בreturn!Qal perf 3ms · שׁוּב (H7725)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actשׁוּב (H7725) 'return!'.
אַפּ֔וֹhis angerN c · אַף (H639)Construct chain (genitival)אַף (H639) 'his anger'.
וְע֖וֹדand stillconj וְ + art · עוֹד (H5750)Particle or relational elementעוֹד (H5750) 'and still'.
יָד֥וֹhis handN c · יָד (H3027)Construct chain (genitival)יָד (H3027) 'his hand'.
נְטוּיָֽהoutstretchedQal ptc fs · נָטָה (H5186)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorנָטָה (H5186) 'outstretched'.
5

ה֥וֹי אַשּׁ֖וּר שֵׁ֣בֶט אַפִּ֑י וּמַטֶּה ה֥וּא בְיָדָ֖ם זַעְמִֽי

O Assyrian, the rod of mine anger, and the staff in their hand is mine indignation.

Nominal or particle frameasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Nominal or particle frame.
Word-by-word analysis· 8 words
ה֥וֹיahparticle · הוֹי (H1945)Particle or relational elementהוֹי (H1945) 'ah'.
אַשּׁ֖וּרAsshurN · אַשּׁוּר (H804)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אַשּׁוּר (H804) 'Asshur'.
שֵׁ֣בֶטthe tribe ofN c · שֵׁבֶט (H7626)Construct chain (genitival)שֵׁבֶט (H7626) 'the tribe of'.
אַפִּ֑יmy angerN c · אַף (H639)Construct chain (genitival)אַף (H639) 'my anger'.
וּמַטֶּהand the tribe ofconj וְ + N com m sg abs · מַטֶּה (H4294)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מַטֶּה (H4294) 'and the tribe of'.
ה֥וּאhepron 3ms · הִיא (H1931)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)הִיא (H1931) 'he'.
בְיָדָ֖םin their handprep + N com c sg constr + sfx 3mp · יָד (H3027)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יָד (H3027) 'in their hand'.
זַעְמִֽיangryN c · זַעַם (H2195)Construct chain (genitival)זַעַם (H2195) 'angry'.
6

בְּג֤וֹי חָנֵף֙ אֲשַׁלְּחֶ֔נּוּ וְעַל עַ֥ם עֶבְרָתִ֖י אֲצַוֶּ֑נּוּ לִשְׁלֹ֤ל שָׁלָל֙ וְלָבֹ֣ז בַּ֔ז ולשימו וּלְשׂוּמ֥וֹ מִרְמָ֖ס כְּחֹ֥מֶר חוּצֽוֹת

I will send him against an hypocritical nation, and against the people of my wrath will I give him a charge, to take the spoil, and to take the prey, and to tread them down like the mire of the streets.

Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-orientedasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'and he sent'.
Word-by-word analysis· 16 words
בְּג֤וֹיwith a nationprep + N com m sg abs · גּוֹי (H1471)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)גּוֹי (H1471) 'with a nation'.
חָנֵף֙hypocriteAdj · חָנֵף (H2611)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)חָנֵף (H2611) 'hypocrite'.
אֲשַׁלְּחֶ֔נּוּand he sentPiel impf 1cs + sfx 3ms · שָׁלַח (H7971)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalשָׁלַח (H7971) 'and he sent'.
וְעַלand onconj וְ + prep · עַל (H5921)Particle or relational elementעַל (H5921) 'and on'.
עַ֥םa peopleN c · עַם (H5971)Construct chain (genitival)עַם (H5971) 'a people'.
עֶבְרָתִ֖יand their wrathN c · עֶבְרָה (H5678)Construct chain (genitival)עֶבְרָה (H5678) 'and their wrath'.
אֲצַוֶּ֑נּוּI command himPiel impf 1cs + sfx 3ms · צִוָּה (H6680)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalצִוָּה (H6680) 'I command him'.
לִשְׁלֹ֤לtoprep + Qal inf constr · שָׁלַל (H7997)Infinitive construct→ Infinitive construct: purpose, result, or complementשָׁלַל (H7997) 'to'.
שָׁלָל֙the spoil ofN c · שָׁלָל (H7998)Construct chain (genitival)שָׁלָל (H7998) 'the spoil of'.
וְלָבֹ֣זthey plunderedconj וְ + prep + Qal inf constr · בָּזַז (H962)Infinitive construct→ Infinitive construct: purpose, result, or complementבָּזַז (H962) 'they plundered'.
בַּ֔זfor plunderN c · בַּז (H957)Construct chain (genitival)בַּז (H957) 'for plunder'.
ולשימוand he setconj וְ + prep + Qal inf constr + sfx 3ms · שִׂים (H7760)Infinitive construct→ Infinitive construct: purpose, result, or complementשִׂים (H7760) 'and he set'.
וּלְשׂוּמ֥וֹand he setconj וְ + prep + Qal inf constr + sfx 3ms · שִׂים (H7760)Infinitive construct→ Infinitive construct: purpose, result, or complementשִׂים (H7760) 'and he set'.
מִרְמָ֖סtread (down) -ingN c · מִרְמָס (H4823)Construct chain (genitival)מִרְמָס (H4823) 'tread (down) -ing'.
כְּחֹ֥מֶרwith mortarprep + N com m sg constr · חֹמֶר (H2563)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)חֹמֶר (H2563) 'with mortar'.
חוּצֽוֹתoutsideN c · חוּץ (H2351)Construct chain (genitival)חוּץ (H2351) 'outside'.
7

וְהוּא֙ לֹא כֵ֣ן יְדַמֶּ֔ה וּלְבָב֖וֹ לֹא כֵ֣ן יַחְשֹׁ֑ב כִּ֚י לְהַשְׁמִ֣יד בִּלְבָב֔וֹ וּלְהַכְרִ֥ית גּוֹיִ֖ם לֹ֥א מְעָֽט

Howbeit he meaneth not so, neither does his heart think so; but in his heart to destroy and cut off nations not a few.

Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'I planned'.
Word-by-word analysis· 15 words
וְהוּא֙and heconj וְ + pron 3ms · הִיא (H1931)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)הִיא (H1931) 'and he'.
לֹאnotneg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'not'.
כֵ֣ןsoart · כֵּן (H3651)Particle or relational elementכֵּן (H3651) 'so'.
יְדַמֶּ֔הI plannedPiel impf 3ms · דָּמָה (H1819)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalדָּמָה (H1819) 'I planned'.
וּלְבָב֖וֹyour heartconj וְ + N com m sg constr + sfx 3ms · לֵבָב (H3824)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)לֵבָב (H3824) 'your heart'.
לֹאnotneg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'not'.
כֵ֣ןsoart · כֵּן (H3651)Particle or relational elementכֵּן (H3651) 'so'.
יַחְשֹׁ֑בshall be reckonedQal impf 3ms · חָשַׁב (H2803)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalחָשַׁב (H2803) 'shall be reckoned'.
כִּ֚יforconj וְ · כִּי (H3588)Particle or relational elementכִּי (H3588) 'for'.
לְהַשְׁמִ֣ידto destroyprep + Hiphil inf constr · שָׁמַד (H8045)Infinitive construct→ Infinitive construct: purpose, result, or complementשָׁמַד (H8045) 'to destroy'.
בִּלְבָב֔וֹin his heartprep + N com m sg constr + sfx 3ms · לֵבָב (H3824)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)לֵבָב (H3824) 'in his heart'.
וּלְהַכְרִ֥יתshall be cut offconj וְ + prep + Hiphil inf constr · כָּרַת (H3772)Infinitive construct→ Infinitive construct: purpose, result, or complementכָּרַת (H3772) 'shall be cut off'.
גּוֹיִ֖םnationsN c · גּוֹי (H1471)Construct chain (genitival)גּוֹי (H1471) 'nations'.
לֹ֥אnotneg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'not'.
מְעָֽטa littleN c · מְעַט (H4592)Construct chain (genitival)מְעַט (H4592) 'a little'.
8

כִּ֖י יֹאמַ֑ר הֲלֹ֥א שָׂרַ֛י יַחְדָּ֖ו מְלָכִֽים

For he says, not my princes altogether kings?

Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented
kî-clause (causal, recitative, or evidential). Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'he says'. Speech formula or quoted address.
Word-by-word analysis· 6 words
כִּ֖יforconj וְ · כִּי (H3588)Particle or relational elementכִּי (H3588) 'for'.
יֹאמַ֑רhe saysQal impf 3ms · אָמַר (H559)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalאָמַר (H559) 'he says'.
הֲלֹ֥אis it notinterrog. + neg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'is it not'.
שָׂרַ֛יrulers ofN c · שַׂר (H8269)Construct chain (genitival)שַׂר (H8269) 'rulers of'.
יַחְדָּ֖וtogetherart · יַחְדָּו (H3162)Particle or relational elementיַחְדָּו (H3162) 'together'.
מְלָכִֽיםkingsN c · מֶלֶךְ (H4428)Construct chain (genitival)מֶלֶךְ (H4428) 'kings'.
9

הֲלֹ֥א כְּכַרְכְּמִ֖ישׁ כַּלְנ֑וֹ אִם לֹ֤א כְאַרְפַּד֙ חֲמָ֔ת אִם לֹ֥א כְדַמֶּ֖שֶׂק שֹׁמְרֽוֹן

not Calno as Carchemish? not Hamath as Arpad? not Samaria as Damascus?

Nominal or particle frameasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Nominal or particle frame.
Word-by-word analysis· 11 words
הֲלֹ֥אis it notinterrog. + neg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'is it not'.
כְּכַרְכְּמִ֖ישׁas / likeprep + N proper · כַּרְכְּמִישׁ (H3751)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)כַּרְכְּמִישׁ (H3751) 'as / like'.
כַּלְנ֑וֹand CalnehN · כַּלְנֵה (H3641)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)כַּלְנֵה (H3641) 'and Calneh'.
אִםifconj וְ · אִם (H518)Particle or relational elementאִם (H518) 'if'.
לֹ֤אnotneg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'not'.
כְאַרְפַּד֙andprep + N proper · אַרְפָּד (H774)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אַרְפָּד (H774) 'and'.
חֲמָ֔תHamathN · חֲמָת (H2574)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)חֲמָת (H2574) 'Hamath'.
אִםifconj וְ · אִם (H518)Particle or relational elementאִם (H518) 'if'.
לֹ֥אnotneg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'not'.
כְדַמֶּ֖שֶׂקDamascusprep + N proper · דַּמֶּשֶׂק (H1834)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)דַּמֶּשֶׂק (H1834) 'Damascus'.
שֹׁמְרֽוֹןSamariaN · שֹׁמְרוֹן (H8111)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שֹׁמְרוֹן (H8111) 'Samaria'.
10

כַּאֲשֶׁר֙ מָצְאָ֣ה יָדִ֔י לְמַמְלְכֹ֖ת הָאֱלִ֑יל וּפְסִ֣ילֵיהֶ֔ם מִירֽוּשָׁלִַ֖ם וּמִשֹּׁמְרֽוֹן

As my hand has found the kingdoms of the idols, and whose graven images did excel them of Jerusalem and of Samaria;

Qatal — perfective or stative predicationasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Qatal — perfective or stative predication. Lead predicate is 'he found her'.
Word-by-word analysis· 8 words
כַּאֲשֶׁר֙just asprep + rel. שֶׁ · אֲשֶׁר (H834)Particle or relational elementאֲשֶׁר (H834) 'just as'.
מָצְאָ֣הhe found herQal perf 3fs · מָצָא (H4672)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actמָצָא (H4672) 'he found her'.
יָדִ֔יmy handN c · יָד (H3027)Construct chain (genitival)יָד (H3027) 'my hand'.
לְמַמְלְכֹ֖תthe kingdomprep + N com f pl constr · מַמְלָכָה (H4467)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מַמְלָכָה (H4467) 'the kingdom'.
הָאֱלִ֑ילthe idolsart + N com m sg abs · אֱלִיל (H457)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֱלִיל (H457) 'the idols'.
וּפְסִ֣ילֵיהֶ֔םand their idolsconj וְ + N com m pl constr + sfx 3mp · פֶּסֶל (H6456)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)פֶּסֶל (H6456) 'and their idols'.
מִירֽוּשָׁלִַ֖םJerusalemprep + N proper · יְרוּשָׁלִַם (H3389)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְרוּשָׁלִַם (H3389) 'Jerusalem'.
וּמִשֹּׁמְרֽוֹןSamariaconj וְ + prep + N proper · שֹׁמְרוֹן (H8111)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שֹׁמְרוֹן (H8111) 'Samaria'.
11

הֲלֹ֗א כַּאֲשֶׁ֥ר עָשִׂ֛יתִי לְשֹׁמְר֖וֹן וְלֶאֱלִילֶ֑יהָ כֵּ֛ן אֶעֱשֶׂ֥ה לִירוּשָׁלִַ֖ם וְלַעֲצַבֶּֽיהָ

Shall I not, as I have done to Samaria and her idols, so do to Jerusalem and her idols?

Qatal — perfective or stative predicationasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Qatal — perfective or stative predication. Lead predicate is 'I have done'.
Word-by-word analysis· 9 words
הֲלֹ֗אis it notinterrog. + neg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'is it not'.
כַּאֲשֶׁ֥רjust asprep + rel. שֶׁ · אֲשֶׁר (H834)Particle or relational elementאֲשֶׁר (H834) 'just as'.
עָשִׂ֛יתִיI have doneQal perf 1cs · עָשָׂה (H6213)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actעָשָׂה (H6213) 'I have done'.
לְשֹׁמְר֖וֹןSamariaprep + N proper · שֹׁמְרוֹן (H8111)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שֹׁמְרוֹן (H8111) 'Samaria'.
וְלֶאֱלִילֶ֑יהָthe idolsconj וְ + prep + N com m pl constr + sfx 3fs · אֱלִיל (H457)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֱלִיל (H457) 'the idols'.
כֵּ֛ןsoadv. · כֵּן (H3651)Particle or relational elementכֵּן (H3651) 'so'.
אֶעֱשֶׂ֥הI will doQal impf 1cs · עָשָׂה (H6213)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalעָשָׂה (H6213) 'I will do'.
לִירוּשָׁלִַ֖םJerusalemprep + N proper · יְרוּשָׁלִַם (H3389)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְרוּשָׁלִַם (H3389) 'Jerusalem'.
וְלַעֲצַבֶּֽיהָidolconj וְ + prep + N com m pl constr + sfx 3fs · עָצָב (H6091)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עָצָב (H6091) 'idol'.
12

וְהָיָ֗ה כִּֽי יְבַצַּ֤ע אֲדֹנָי֙ אֶת כָּל מַֽעֲשֵׂ֔הוּ בְּהַ֥ר צִיּ֖וֹן וּבִירוּשָׁלִָ֑ם אֶפְקֹ֗ד עַל פְּרִי גֹ֨דֶל֙ לְבַ֣ב מֶֽלֶךְ אַשּׁ֔וּר וְעַל תִּפְאֶ֖רֶת ר֥וּם עֵינָֽיו

Wherefore it shall come to pass, when YHWH has performed his whole work upon mount Zion and on Jerusalem, I will punish the fruit of the stout heart of the king of Assyria, and the glory of his high looks.

Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'cut'.
Word-by-word analysis· 21 words
וְהָיָ֗הand it shall beconj וְ + Qal q 3ms · הָיָה (H1961)Particle or relational elementהָיָה (H1961) 'and it shall be'.
כִּֽיforconj וְ · כִּי (H3588)Particle or relational elementכִּי (H3588) 'for'.
יְבַצַּ֤עcutPiel impf 3ms · בָּצַע (H1214)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalבָּצַע (H1214) 'cut'.
אֲדֹנָי֙my LordN c · אֲדֹנָי (H136)Construct chain (genitival)אֲדֹנָי (H136) 'my Lord'.
אֶת(obj)obj marker · אֵת (H853)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H853) '(obj)'.
כָּלallN c · כֹּל (H3605)Construct chain (genitival)כֹּל (H3605) 'all'.
מַֽעֲשֵׂ֔הוּthe work ofN c · מַעֲשֶׂה (H4639)Construct chain (genitival)מַעֲשֶׂה (H4639) 'the work of'.
בְּהַ֥רon the mountainprep + N com m sg constr · הַר (H2022)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)הַר (H2022) 'on the mountain'.
צִיּ֖וֹןZionN · צִיּוֹן (H6726)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)צִיּוֹן (H6726) 'Zion'.
וּבִירוּשָׁלִָ֑םJerusalemconj וְ + prep + N proper · יְרוּשָׁלִַם (H3389)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְרוּשָׁלִַם (H3389) 'Jerusalem'.
אֶפְקֹ֗דtheir mustered (men)Qal impf 1cs · פָּקַד (H6485)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalפָּקַד (H6485) 'their mustered (men)'.
עַלonprep · עַל (H5921)Particle or relational elementעַל (H5921) 'on'.
פְּרִיthe fruit ofN c · פְּרִי (H6529)Construct chain (genitival)פְּרִי (H6529) 'the fruit of'.
גֹ֨דֶל֙greatnessN c · גֹּדֶל (H1433)Construct chain (genitival)גֹּדֶל (H1433) 'greatness'.
לְבַ֣בthe heart ofN c · לֵבָב (H3824)Construct chain (genitival)לֵבָב (H3824) 'the heart of'.
מֶֽלֶךְking ofN c · מֶלֶךְ (H4428)Construct chain (genitival)מֶלֶךְ (H4428) 'king of'.
אַשּׁ֔וּרAsshurN · אַשּׁוּר (H804)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אַשּׁוּר (H804) 'Asshur'.
וְעַלand onconj וְ + prep · עַל (H5921)Particle or relational elementעַל (H5921) 'and on'.
תִּפְאֶ֖רֶתand for beautyN c · תִּפְאֶרֶת (H8597)Construct chain (genitival)תִּפְאֶרֶת (H8597) 'and for beauty'.
ר֥וּםhaughtinessN c · רוּם (H7312)Construct chain (genitival)רוּם (H7312) 'haughtiness'.
עֵינָֽיוhis eyesN c · עַיִן (H5869)Construct chain (genitival)עַיִן (H5869) 'his eyes'.
13

כִּ֣י אָמַ֗ר בְּכֹ֤חַ יָדִי֙ עָשִׂ֔יתִי וּבְחָכְמָתִ֖י כִּ֣י נְבֻנ֑וֹתִי וְאָסִ֣יר גְּבוּלֹ֣ת עַמִּ֗ים ועתידתיהם וַעֲתוּדֽוֹתֵיהֶם֙ שׁוֹשֵׂ֔תִי וְאוֹרִ֥יד כַּאבִּ֖יר יוֹשְׁבִֽים

For he says, By the strength of my hand I have done , and by my wisdom; for I am prudent: and I have removed the bounds of the people, and have robbed their treasures, and I have put down the inhabitants like a valiant :

Qatal — perfective or stative predication
kî-clause (causal, recitative, or evidential). Qatal — perfective or stative predication. Lead predicate is 'he said'. Speech formula or quoted address.
Word-by-word analysis· 17 words
כִּ֣יforconj וְ · כִּי (H3588)Particle or relational elementכִּי (H3588) 'for'.
אָמַ֗רhe saidQal perf 3ms · אָמַר (H559)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actאָמַר (H559) 'he said'.
בְּכֹ֤חַin power;prep + N com m sg constr · כֹּחַ (H3581)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)כֹּחַ (H3581) 'in power;'.
יָדִי֙my handN c · יָד (H3027)Construct chain (genitival)יָד (H3027) 'my hand'.
עָשִׂ֔יתִיI have doneQal perf 1cs · עָשָׂה (H6213)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actעָשָׂה (H6213) 'I have done'.
וּבְחָכְמָתִ֖יwisdomconj וְ + prep + N com f sg constr + sfx 1cs · חָכְמָה (H2451)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)חָכְמָה (H2451) 'wisdom'.
כִּ֣יforconj וְ · כִּי (H3588)Particle or relational elementכִּי (H3588) 'for'.
נְבֻנ֑וֹתִיdiscerningN · בִּין (H995)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)בִּין (H995) 'discerning'.
וְאָסִ֣ירhe shall remove itconj וְ + Hiphil impf 1cs · סוּר (H5493)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalסוּר (H5493) 'he shall remove it'.
גְּבוּלֹ֣תby its bordersN c · גְּבוּל (H1367)Construct chain (genitival)גְּבוּל (H1367) 'by its borders'.
עַמִּ֗יםpeoplesN c · עַם (H5971)Construct chain (genitival)עַם (H5971) 'peoples'.
ועתידתיהםthe things preparedconj וְ + Adj + sfx 3mp · עָתִיד (H6264)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עָתִיד (H6264) 'the things prepared'.
וַעֲתוּדֽוֹתֵיהֶם֙the things preparedconj וְ + Adj + sfx 3mp · עָתִיד (H6264)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עָתִיד (H6264) 'the things prepared'.
שׁוֹשֵׂ֔תִיplunderersPoel perf 1cs · שָׁסָה (H8154)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actשָׁסָה (H8154) 'plunderers'.
וְאוֹרִ֥ידand went downconj וְ + Hiphil impf 1cs · יָרַד (H3381)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalיָרַד (H3381) 'and went down'.
כַּאבִּ֖ירhis mighty onesprep + Adj · אַבִּיר (H47)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אַבִּיר (H47) 'his mighty ones'.
יוֹשְׁבִֽיםthe inhabitants ofQal ptc mp · יָשַׁב (H3427)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorיָשַׁב (H3427) 'the inhabitants of'.
14

וַתִּמְצָ֨א כַקֵּ֤ן יָדִי֙ לְחֵ֣יל הָֽעַמִּ֔ים וְכֶאֱסֹף֙ בֵּיצִ֣ים עֲזֻב֔וֹת כָּל הָאָ֖רֶץ אֲנִ֣י אָסָ֑פְתִּי וְלֹ֤א הָיָה֙ נֹדֵ֣ד כָּנָ֔ף וּפֹצֶ֥ה פֶ֖ה וּמְצַפְצֵֽף

And my hand has found as a nest the riches of the people: and as one gathereth eggs left, have I gathered all the earth; and there was none that moved the wing, or opened the mouth, or peeped.

Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action. Lead predicate is 'I have found'.
Word-by-word analysis· 19 words
וַתִּמְצָ֨אI have foundconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3fs · מָצָא (H4672)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceמָצָא (H4672) 'I have found'.
כַקֵּ֤ןa nest ofprep + art + N com m sg abs · קֵן (H7064)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)קֵן (H7064) 'a nest of'.
יָדִי֙my handN c · יָד (H3027)Construct chain (genitival)יָד (H3027) 'my hand'.
לְחֵ֣ילto the army ofprep + N com m sg constr · חַיִל (H2428)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)חַיִל (H2428) 'to the army of'.
הָֽעַמִּ֔יםthe peoplesart + N com m pl abs · עַם (H5971)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עַם (H5971) 'the peoples'.
וְכֶאֱסֹף֙and he gatheredconj וְ + prep + Qal inf constr · אָסַף (H622)Infinitive construct→ Infinitive construct: purpose, result, or complementאָסַף (H622) 'and he gathered'.
בֵּיצִ֣יםeggsN c · בֵּיצָה (H1000)Construct chain (genitival)בֵּיצָה (H1000) 'eggs'.
עֲזֻב֔וֹתyou forsakeQal ptc fp · עָזַב (H5800)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorעָזַב (H5800) 'you forsake'.
כָּלallN c · כֹּל (H3605)Construct chain (genitival)כֹּל (H3605) 'all'.
הָאָ֖רֶץthe landart + N com c sg abs · אֶרֶץ (H776)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֶרֶץ (H776) 'the land'.
אֲנִ֣יIpron 1cs · אֲנִי (H589)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֲנִי (H589) 'I'.
אָסָ֑פְתִּיand he gatheredQal perf 1cs · אָסַף (H622)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actאָסַף (H622) 'and he gathered'.
וְלֹ֤אand notconj וְ + neg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'and not'.
הָיָה֙wasQal perf 3ms · הָיָה (H1961)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actהָיָה (H1961) 'was'.
נֹדֵ֣דand fledQal ptc ms · נָדַד (H5074)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorנָדַד (H5074) 'and fled'.
כָּנָ֔ףthe skirt ofN c · כָּנָף (H3671)Construct chain (genitival)כָּנָף (H3671) 'the skirt of'.
וּפֹצֶ֥הopenedconj וְ + Qal ptc ms · פָּצָה (H6475)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorפָּצָה (H6475) 'opened'.
פֶ֖הmouthN c · פֶּה (H6310)Construct chain (genitival)פֶּה (H6310) 'mouth'.
וּמְצַפְצֵֽףandconj וְ + l ptc ms · צָפַף (H6850)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorצָפַף (H6850) 'and'.
15

הֲיִתְפָּאֵר֙ הַגַּרְזֶ֔ן עַ֖ל הַחֹצֵ֣ב בּ֑וֹ אִם יִתְגַּדֵּ֤ל הַמַּשּׂוֹר֙ עַל מְנִיפ֔וֹ כְּהָנִ֥יף שֵׁ֨בֶט֙ וְאֶת מְרִימָ֔יו כְּהָרִ֥ים מַטֶּ֖ה לֹא עֵֽץ

Shall the axe boast itself against him that heweth therewith? shall the saw magnify itself against him that shaketh it? as if the rod should shake against them that lift it up, as if the staff should lift up no wood.

Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-orientedasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'you shall go over the boughs again'.
Word-by-word analysis· 18 words
הֲיִתְפָּאֵר֙you shall go over the boughs againinterrog. + Hithpael impf 3ms · פָּאַר (H6286)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalפָּאַר (H6286) 'you shall go over the boughs again'.
הַגַּרְזֶ֔ןwith the axeart + N com m sg abs · גַּרְזֶן (H1631)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)גַּרְזֶן (H1631) 'with the axe'.
עַ֖לonprep · עַל (H5921)Particle or relational elementעַל (H5921) 'on'.
הַחֹצֵ֣בhewnart + Qal ptc ms · חָצוּב (H2672)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorחָצוּב (H2672) 'hewn'.
בּ֑וֹin itprep + sfx 3msParticle or relational elementFunction word: 'in it'.
אִםifconj וְ · אִם (H518)Particle or relational elementאִם (H518) 'if'.
יִתְגַּדֵּ֤לand he grewHithpael impf 3ms · גָּדַל (H1431)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalגָּדַל (H1431) 'and he grew'.
הַמַּשּׂוֹר֙sawart + N com m sg abs · מַשּׂוֹר (H4883)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מַשּׂוֹר (H4883) 'saw'.
עַלonprep · עַל (H5921)Particle or relational elementעַל (H5921) 'on'.
מְנִיפ֔וֹand he shall waveHiphil ptc ms + sfx 3ms · נוּף (H5130)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorנוּף (H5130) 'and he shall wave'.
כְּהָנִ֥יףand he shall waveprep + Hiphil inf constr · נוּף (H5130)Infinitive construct→ Infinitive construct: purpose, result, or complementנוּף (H5130) 'and he shall wave'.
שֵׁ֨בֶט֙the tribe ofN c · שֵׁבֶט (H7626)Construct chain (genitival)שֵׁבֶט (H7626) 'the tribe of'.
וְאֶתand [obj]conj וְ + obj marker · אֵת (H853)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H853) 'and [obj]'.
מְרִימָ֔יוand tallHiphil ptc mp + sfx 3ms · רוּם (H7311)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorרוּם (H7311) 'and tall'.
כְּהָרִ֥יםand tallprep + Hiphil inf constr · רוּם (H7311)Infinitive construct→ Infinitive construct: purpose, result, or complementרוּם (H7311) 'and tall'.
מַטֶּ֖הthe tribe ofN c · מַטֶּה (H4294)Construct chain (genitival)מַטֶּה (H4294) 'the tribe of'.
לֹאnotneg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'not'.
עֵֽץwoodN c · עֵץ (H6086)Construct chain (genitival)עֵץ (H6086) 'wood'.
16

לָ֠כֵן יְשַׁלַּ֨ח הָאָד֜וֹן יְהוָ֧ה צְבָא֛וֹת בְּמִשְׁמַנָּ֖יו רָז֑וֹן וְתַ֧חַת כְּבֹד֛וֹ יֵקַ֥ד יְקֹ֖ד כִּיק֥וֹד אֵֽשׁ

Therefore shall YHWH, YHWH of hosts, send among his fat ones leanness; and under his glory he shall kindle a burning like the burning of a fire.

Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-orientedasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'he will send'.
Word-by-word analysis· 13 words
לָ֠כֵןthereforeprep + art · כֵּן (H3651)Particle or relational elementכֵּן (H3651) 'therefore'.
יְשַׁלַּ֨חhe will sendPiel impf 3ms · שָׁלַח (H7971)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalשָׁלַח (H7971) 'he will send'.
הָאָד֜וֹןmy lordart + N com m sg abs · אָדוֹן (H113)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אָדוֹן (H113) 'my lord'.
יְהוָ֧הYHWHN · יְהוָה (H3068)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוָה (H3068) 'YHWH'.
צְבָא֛וֹתof troopsN c · צָבָא (H6635)Construct chain (genitival)צָבָא (H6635) 'of troops'.
בְּמִשְׁמַנָּ֖יוand from the fatness ofprep + N com m pl constr + sfx 3ms · שֶׁמֶן (H4924)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שֶׁמֶן (H4924) 'and from the fatness of'.
רָז֑וֹןleannessN c · רָזוֹן (H7332)Construct chain (genitival)רָזוֹן (H7332) 'leanness'.
וְתַ֧חַתand underconj וְ + prep · תַּחַת (H8478)Particle or relational elementתַּחַת (H8478) 'and under'.
כְּבֹד֛וֹhis gloryN c · כָּבוֹד (H3519)Construct chain (genitival)כָּבוֹד (H3519) 'his glory'.
יֵקַ֥דshall be kept burningQal impf 3ms · יָקַד (H3344)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalיָקַד (H3344) 'shall be kept burning'.
יְקֹ֖דburningN c · יְקוֹד (H3350)Construct chain (genitival)יְקוֹד (H3350) 'burning'.
כִּיק֥וֹדas / likeprep + N com m sg constr · יְקוֹד (H3350)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְקוֹד (H3350) 'as / like'.
אֵֽשׁfireN c · אֵשׁ (H784)Construct chain (genitival)אֵשׁ (H784) 'fire'.
17

וְהָיָ֤ה אֽוֹר יִשְׂרָאֵל֙ לְאֵ֔שׁ וּקְדוֹשׁ֖וֹ לְלֶהָבָ֑ה וּבָעֲרָ֗ה וְאָֽכְלָ֛ה שִׁית֥וֹ וּשְׁמִיר֖וֹ בְּי֥וֹם אֶחָֽד

And the light of Israel shall be for a fire, and his Holy One for a flame: and it shall burn and devour his thorns and his briers in one day;

Linked non-verbal clause
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Linked non-verbal clause.
Word-by-word analysis· 12 words
וְהָיָ֤הand it shall beconj וְ + Qal q 3ms · הָיָה (H1961)Particle or relational elementהָיָה (H1961) 'and it shall be'.
אֽוֹרlightN c · אוֹר (H216)Construct chain (genitival)אוֹר (H216) 'light'.
יִשְׂרָאֵל֙IsraelN · יִשְׂרָאֵל (H3478)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יִשְׂרָאֵל (H3478) 'Israel'.
לְאֵ֔שׁwith fireprep + N com c sg abs · אֵשׁ (H784)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֵשׁ (H784) 'with fire'.
וּקְדוֹשׁ֖וֹholyconj וְ + Adj + sfx 3ms · קָדוֹשׁ (H6918)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)קָדוֹשׁ (H6918) 'holy'.
לְלֶהָבָ֑הa flameprep + N com f sg abs · לֶהָבָה (H3852)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)לֶהָבָה (H3852) 'a flame'.
וּבָעֲרָ֗הso you shall purgeconj וְ + Qal q 3fs · בָּעַר (H1197)Particle or relational elementבָּעַר (H1197) 'so you shall purge'.
וְאָֽכְלָ֛הso I may eatconj וְ + Qal q 3fs · אָכַל (H398)Particle or relational elementאָכַל (H398) 'so I may eat'.
שִׁית֥וֹthornsN c · שַׁיִת (H7898)Construct chain (genitival)שַׁיִת (H7898) 'thorns'.
וּשְׁמִיר֖וֹandconj וְ + N com m sg constr + sfx 3ms · שָׁמִיר (H8068)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שָׁמִיר (H8068) 'and'.
בְּי֥וֹםon the dayprep + N com m sg abs · יוֹם (H3117)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יוֹם (H3117) 'on the day'.
אֶחָֽדoneAdj · אֶחָד (H259)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֶחָד (H259) 'one'.
18

וּכְב֤וֹד יַעְרוֹ֙ וְכַרְמִלּ֔וֹ מִנֶּ֥פֶשׁ וְעַד בָּשָׂ֖ר יְכַלֶּ֑ה וְהָיָ֖ה כִּמְסֹ֥ס נֹסֵֽס

And shall consume the glory of his forest, and of his fruitful field, both soul and body: and they shall be as when a standardbearer fainteth.

Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'and he finished'.
Word-by-word analysis· 10 words
וּכְב֤וֹדand the glory ofconj וְ + N com c sg constr · כָּבוֹד (H3519)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)כָּבוֹד (H3519) 'and the glory of'.
יַעְרוֹ֙into the forestN c · יַעַר (H3293)Construct chain (genitival)יַעַר (H3293) 'into the forest'.
וְכַרְמִלּ֔וֹnew produceconj וְ + N com m sg constr + sfx 3ms · כַּרְמֶל (H3759)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)כַּרְמֶל (H3759) 'new produce'.
מִנֶּ֥פֶשׁyour soulprep + N com c sg abs · נֶפֶשׁ (H5315)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)נֶפֶשׁ (H5315) 'your soul'.
וְעַדand toconj וְ + prep · עַד (H5704)Particle or relational elementעַד (H5704) 'and to'.
בָּשָׂ֖רfleshN c · בָּשָׂר (H1320)Construct chain (genitival)בָּשָׂר (H1320) 'flesh'.
יְכַלֶּ֑הand he finishedPiel impf 3ms · כָּלָה (H3615)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalכָּלָה (H3615) 'and he finished'.
וְהָיָ֖הand it shall beconj וְ + Qal q 3ms · הָיָה (H1961)Particle or relational elementהָיָה (H1961) 'and it shall be'.
כִּמְסֹ֥סand it meltedprep + Qal inf constr · מָסַס (H4549)Infinitive construct→ Infinitive construct: purpose, result, or complementמָסַס (H4549) 'and it melted'.
נֹסֵֽסfaintQal ptc ms · נָסַס (H5263)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorנָסַס (H5263) 'faint'.
19

וּשְׁאָ֥ר עֵ֛ץ יַעְר֖וֹ מִסְפָּ֣ר יִֽהְי֑וּ וְנַ֖עַר יִכְתְּבֵֽם

And the rest of the trees of his forest shall be few, that a child may write them.

Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'they shall be'.
Word-by-word analysis· 7 words
וּשְׁאָ֥רandconj וְ + N com m sg constr · שְׁאָר (H7605)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שְׁאָר (H7605) 'and'.
עֵ֛ץwoodN c · עֵץ (H6086)Construct chain (genitival)עֵץ (H6086) 'wood'.
יַעְר֖וֹinto the forestN c · יַעַר (H3293)Construct chain (genitival)יַעַר (H3293) 'into the forest'.
מִסְפָּ֣רthe number ofN c · מִסְפָּר (H4557)Construct chain (genitival)מִסְפָּר (H4557) 'the number of'.
יִֽהְי֑וּthey shall beQal impf 3mp · הָיָה (H1961)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalהָיָה (H1961) 'they shall be'.
וְנַ֖עַרor the youngconj וְ + N com m sg abs · נַעַר (H5288)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)נַעַר (H5288) 'or the young'.
יִכְתְּבֵֽםand he wroteQal impf 3ms + sfx 3mp · כָּתַב (H3789)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalכָּתַב (H3789) 'and he wrote'.
20

וְהָיָ֣ה בַּיּ֣וֹם הַה֗וּא לֹֽא יוֹסִ֨יף ע֜וֹד שְׁאָ֤ר יִשְׂרָאֵל֙ וּפְלֵיטַ֣ת בֵּֽית יַעֲקֹ֔ב לְהִשָּׁעֵ֖ן עַל מַכֵּ֑הוּ וְנִשְׁעַ֗ן עַל יְהוָ֛ה קְד֥וֹשׁ יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל בֶּאֱמֶֽת

And it shall come to pass in that day, the remnant of Israel, and such as are escaped of the house of Jacob, shall no more again stay upon him that smote them; but shall stay upon YHWH, the Holy One of Israel, in truth.

Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'he will continue'.
Word-by-word analysis· 20 words
וְהָיָ֣הand it shall beconj וְ + Qal q 3ms · הָיָה (H1961)Particle or relational elementהָיָה (H1961) 'and it shall be'.
בַּיּ֣וֹםon the dayprep + art + N com m sg abs · יוֹם (H3117)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יוֹם (H3117) 'on the day'.
הַה֗וּאthatart + pron 3ms · הִיא (H1931)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)הִיא (H1931) 'that'.
לֹֽאnotneg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'not'.
יוֹסִ֨יףhe will continueHiphil impf 3ms · יָסַף (H3254)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalיָסַף (H3254) 'he will continue'.
ע֜וֹדagainart · עוֹד (H5750)Particle or relational elementעוֹד (H5750) 'again'.
שְׁאָ֤רotherN c · שְׁאָר (H7605)Construct chain (genitival)שְׁאָר (H7605) 'other'.
יִשְׂרָאֵל֙IsraelN · יִשְׂרָאֵל (H3478)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יִשְׂרָאֵל (H3478) 'Israel'.
וּפְלֵיטַ֣תthe escaped remnantconj וְ + N com f sg constr · פְּלֵיטָה (H6413)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)פְּלֵיטָה (H6413) 'the escaped remnant'.
בֵּֽיתthe house ofN c · בַּיִת (H1004)Construct chain (genitival)בַּיִת (H1004) 'the house of'.
יַעֲקֹ֔בJacobN · יַעֲקֹב (H3290)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יַעֲקֹב (H3290) 'Jacob'.
לְהִשָּׁעֵ֖ןand restprep + Niphal inf constr · שָׁעַן (H8172)Infinitive construct→ Infinitive construct: purpose, result, or complementשָׁעַן (H8172) 'and rest'.
עַלonprep · עַל (H5921)Particle or relational elementעַל (H5921) 'on'.
מַכֵּ֑הוּthe one striking himHiphil ptc ms + sfx 3ms · הִכָּה (H5221)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorהִכָּה (H5221) 'the one striking him'.
וְנִשְׁעַ֗ןand leansconj וְ + Niphal q 3ms · שָׁעַן (H8172)Particle or relational elementשָׁעַן (H8172) 'and leans'.
עַלonprep · עַל (H5921)Particle or relational elementעַל (H5921) 'on'.
יְהוָ֛הYHWHN · יְהוָה (H3068)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוָה (H3068) 'YHWH'.
קְד֥וֹשׁholyAdj · קָדוֹשׁ (H6918)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)קָדוֹשׁ (H6918) 'holy'.
יִשְׂרָאֵ֖לIsraelN · יִשְׂרָאֵל (H3478)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יִשְׂרָאֵל (H3478) 'Israel'.
בֶּאֱמֶֽתtrueprep + N com f sg abs · אֱמֶת (H571)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֱמֶת (H571) 'true'.
21

שְׁאָ֥ר יָשׁ֖וּב שְׁאָ֣ר יַעֲקֹ֑ב אֶל אֵ֖ל גִּבּֽוֹר

The remnant shall return, the remnant of Jacob, to the mighty God.

Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-orientedasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'he shall return'.
Word-by-word analysis· 7 words
שְׁאָ֥רotherN c · שְׁאָר (H7605)Construct chain (genitival)שְׁאָר (H7605) 'other'.
יָשׁ֖וּבhe shall returnQal impf 3ms · שׁוּב (H7725)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalשׁוּב (H7725) 'he shall return'.
שְׁאָ֣רotherN c · שְׁאָר (H7605)Construct chain (genitival)שְׁאָר (H7605) 'other'.
יַעֲקֹ֑בJacobN · יַעֲקֹב (H3290)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יַעֲקֹב (H3290) 'Jacob'.
אֶלtoprep · אֶל (H413)Particle or relational elementאֶל (H413) 'to'.
אֵ֖לGodN c · אֵל (H410)Construct chain (genitival)אֵל (H410) 'God'.
גִּבּֽוֹרmightyAdj · גִּבּוֹר (H1368)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)גִּבּוֹר (H1368) 'mighty'.
22

כִּ֣י אִם יִהְיֶ֞ה עַמְּךָ֤ יִשְׂרָאֵל֙ כְּח֣וֹל הַיָּ֔ם שְׁאָ֖ר יָשׁ֣וּב בּ֑וֹ כִּלָּי֥וֹן חָר֖וּץ שׁוֹטֵ֥ף צְדָקָֽה

For though your people Israel be as the sand of the sea, a remnant of them shall return: the consumption decreed shall overflow with righteousness.

Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented
kî-clause (causal, recitative, or evidential). Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'shall be'.
Word-by-word analysis· 14 words
כִּ֣יforconj וְ · כִּי (H3588)Particle or relational elementכִּי (H3588) 'for'.
אִםifconj וְ · אִם (H518)Particle or relational elementאִם (H518) 'if'.
יִהְיֶ֞הshall beQal impf 3ms · הָיָה (H1961)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalהָיָה (H1961) 'shall be'.
עַמְּךָ֤your peopleN c · עַם (H5971)Construct chain (genitival)עַם (H5971) 'your people'.
יִשְׂרָאֵל֙IsraelN · יִשְׂרָאֵל (H3478)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יִשְׂרָאֵל (H3478) 'Israel'.
כְּח֣וֹלlike the sand ofprep + N com m sg constr · חוֹל (H2344)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)חוֹל (H2344) 'like the sand of'.
הַיָּ֔םthe seaart + N com m sg abs · יָם (H3220)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יָם (H3220) 'the sea'.
שְׁאָ֖רotherN c · שְׁאָר (H7605)Construct chain (genitival)שְׁאָר (H7605) 'other'.
יָשׁ֣וּבhe shall returnQal impf 3ms · שׁוּב (H7725)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalשׁוּב (H7725) 'he shall return'.
בּ֑וֹin itprep + sfx 3msParticle or relational elementFunction word: 'in it'.
כִּלָּי֥וֹןand failing ofN c · כִּלָּיוֹן (H3631)Construct chain (genitival)כִּלָּיוֹן (H3631) 'and failing of'.
חָר֖וּץmaimedQal ptc ms · חָרַץ (H2782)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorחָרַץ (H2782) 'maimed'.
שׁוֹטֵ֥ףhe had rinsedQal ptc ms · שָׁטַף (H7857)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorשָׁטַף (H7857) 'he had rinsed'.
צְדָקָֽהrighteousnessN c · צְדָקָה (H6666)Construct chain (genitival)צְדָקָה (H6666) 'righteousness'.
23

כִּ֥י כָלָ֖ה וְנֶחֱרָצָ֑ה אֲדֹנָ֤י יְהוִה֙ צְבָא֔וֹת עֹשֶׂ֖ה בְּקֶ֥רֶב כָּל הָאָֽרֶץ

For YHWH YHWH of hosts shall make a consumption, even determined, in the midst of all the land.

Participle — attendant circumstance or substantival actor
kî-clause (causal, recitative, or evidential). Participle — attendant circumstance or substantival actor. Lead predicate is 'shall sharpen, move'.
Word-by-word analysis· 10 words
כִּ֥יforconj וְ · כִּי (H3588)Particle or relational elementכִּי (H3588) 'for'.
כָלָ֖הcompletelyN c · כָּלָה (H3617)Construct chain (genitival)כָּלָה (H3617) 'completely'.
וְנֶחֱרָצָ֑הshall sharpen, moveconj וְ + Niphal ptc fs · חָרַץ (H2782)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorחָרַץ (H2782) 'shall sharpen, move'.
אֲדֹנָ֤יmy LordN c · אֲדֹנָי (H136)Construct chain (genitival)אֲדֹנָי (H136) 'my Lord'.
יְהוִה֙YHWHN · יְהוִה (H3069)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוִה (H3069) 'YHWH'.
צְבָא֔וֹתof troopsN c · צָבָא (H6635)Construct chain (genitival)צָבָא (H6635) 'of troops'.
עֹשֶׂ֖הhe didQal ptc ms · עָשָׂה (H6213)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorעָשָׂה (H6213) 'he did'.
בְּקֶ֥רֶבin the midst ofprep + N com m sg constr · קֶרֶב (H7130)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)קֶרֶב (H7130) 'in the midst of'.
כָּלallN c · כֹּל (H3605)Construct chain (genitival)כֹּל (H3605) 'all'.
הָאָֽרֶץthe landart + N com c sg abs · אֶרֶץ (H776)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֶרֶץ (H776) 'the land'.
24

לָכֵ֗ן כֹּֽה אָמַ֞ר אֲדֹנָ֤י יְהוִה֙ צְבָא֔וֹת אַל תִּירָ֥א עַמִּ֛י יֹשֵׁ֥ב צִיּ֖וֹן מֵֽאַשּׁ֑וּר בַּשֵּׁ֣בֶט יַכֶּ֔כָּה וּמַטֵּ֥הוּ יִשָּֽׂא עָלֶ֖יךָ בְּדֶ֥רֶךְ מִצְרָֽיִם

Therefore thus says YHWH YHWH of hosts, O my people that dwellest in Zion, be not afraid of the Assyrian: he shall smite you with a rod, and shall lift up his staff against you, after the manner of Egypt.

Qatal — perfective or stative predicationasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Qatal — perfective or stative predication. Lead predicate is 'he said'. Speech formula or quoted address.
Word-by-word analysis· 19 words
לָכֵ֗ןthereforeprep + art · כֵּן (H3651)Particle or relational elementכֵּן (H3651) 'therefore'.
כֹּֽהthusart · כֹּה (H3541)Particle or relational elementכֹּה (H3541) 'thus'.
אָמַ֞רhe saidQal perf 3ms · אָמַר (H559)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actאָמַר (H559) 'he said'.
אֲדֹנָ֤יmy LordN c · אֲדֹנָי (H136)Construct chain (genitival)אֲדֹנָי (H136) 'my Lord'.
יְהוִה֙YHWHN · יְהוִה (H3069)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוִה (H3069) 'YHWH'.
צְבָא֔וֹתof troopsN c · צָבָא (H6635)Construct chain (genitival)צָבָא (H6635) 'of troops'.
אַלdo notneg. · אַל (H408)Particle or relational elementאַל (H408) 'do not'.
תִּירָ֥אfearQal jussive 2ms · יָרֵא (H3372)Predicate verb (jussive)→ Jussive: volitionalיָרֵא (H3372) 'fear'.
עַמִּ֛יmy peopleN c · עַם (H5971)Construct chain (genitival)עַם (H5971) 'my people'.
יֹשֵׁ֥בdwellingQal ptc ms · יָשַׁב (H3427)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorיָשַׁב (H3427) 'dwelling'.
צִיּ֖וֹןZionN · צִיּוֹן (H6726)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)צִיּוֹן (H6726) 'Zion'.
מֵֽאַשּׁ֑וּרAsshurprep + N proper · אַשּׁוּר (H804)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אַשּׁוּר (H804) 'Asshur'.
בַּשֵּׁ֣בֶטwith a rodprep + art + N com m sg abs · שֵׁבֶט (H7626)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שֵׁבֶט (H7626) 'with a rod'.
יַכֶּ֔כָּהhe will strike youHiphil impf 3ms + sfx 2ms · הִכָּה (H5221)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalהִכָּה (H5221) 'he will strike you'.
וּמַטֵּ֥הוּthe tribe ofconj וְ + N com m sg constr + sfx 3ms · מַטֶּה (H4294)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מַטֶּה (H4294) 'the tribe of'.
יִשָּֽׂאcarriesQal impf 3ms · נָשָׂא (H5375)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalנָשָׂא (H5375) 'carries'.
עָלֶ֖יךָupon youprep + sfx 2ms · עַל (H5921)Particle or relational elementעַל (H5921) 'upon you'.
בְּדֶ֥רֶךְon the wayprep + N com c sg constr · דֶּרֶךְ (H1870)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)דֶּרֶךְ (H1870) 'on the way'.
מִצְרָֽיִםEgyptN · מִצְרַיִם (H4714)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מִצְרַיִם (H4714) 'Egypt'.
25

כִּי ע֖וֹד מְעַ֣ט מִזְעָ֑ר וְכָ֣לָה זַ֔עַם וְאַפִּ֖י עַל תַּבְלִיתָֽם

For yet a very little while, and the indignation shall cease, and mine anger in their destruction.

Linked non-verbal clause
kî-clause (causal, recitative, or evidential). Linked non-verbal clause.
Word-by-word analysis· 9 words
כִּיforconj וְ · כִּי (H3588)Particle or relational elementכִּי (H3588) 'for'.
ע֖וֹדagainart · עוֹד (H5750)Particle or relational elementעוֹד (H5750) 'again'.
מְעַ֣טa littleN c · מְעַט (H4592)Construct chain (genitival)מְעַט (H4592) 'a little'.
מִזְעָ֑רfewN c · מִזְעָר (H4213)Construct chain (genitival)מִזְעָר (H4213) 'few'.
וְכָ֣לָהand will consumeconj וְ + Qal q 3ms · כָּלָה (H3615)Particle or relational elementכָּלָה (H3615) 'and will consume'.
זַ֔עַםangryN c · זַעַם (H2195)Construct chain (genitival)זַעַם (H2195) 'angry'.
וְאַפִּ֖יthe anger ofconj וְ + N com m sg constr + sfx 1cs · אַף (H639)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אַף (H639) 'the anger of'.
עַלonprep · עַל (H5921)Particle or relational elementעַל (H5921) 'on'.
תַּבְלִיתָֽםdestructionN c · תַּבְלִית (H8399)Construct chain (genitival)תַּבְלִית (H8399) 'destruction'.
26

וְעוֹרֵ֨ר עָלָ֜יו יְהוָ֤ה צְבָאוֹת֙ שׁ֔וֹט כְּמַכַּ֥ת מִדְיָ֖ן בְּצ֣וּר עוֹרֵ֑ב וּמַטֵּ֨הוּ֙ עַל הַיָּ֔ם וּנְשָׂא֖וֹ בְּדֶ֥רֶךְ מִצְרָֽיִם

And YHWH of hosts shall stir up a scourge for him according to the slaughter of Midian at the rock of Oreb: and his rod upon the sea, so shall he lift it up after the manner of Egypt.

Linked non-verbal clause
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Linked non-verbal clause.
Word-by-word analysis· 15 words
וְעוֹרֵ֨רawakeconj וְ + Polel q 3ms · עוּר (H5782)Particle or relational elementעוּר (H5782) 'awake'.
עָלָ֜יוon itprep + sfx 3ms · עַל (H5921)Particle or relational elementעַל (H5921) 'on it'.
יְהוָ֤הYHWHN · יְהוָה (H3068)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוָה (H3068) 'YHWH'.
צְבָאוֹת֙of troopsN c · צָבָא (H6635)Construct chain (genitival)צָבָא (H6635) 'of troops'.
שׁ֔וֹטinN c · שׁוֹט (H7752)Construct chain (genitival)שׁוֹט (H7752) 'in'.
כְּמַכַּ֥תa blowprep + N com f sg constr · מַכָּה (H4347)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מַכָּה (H4347) 'a blow'.
מִדְיָ֖ןMidianN · מִדְיָן (H4080)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מִדְיָן (H4080) 'Midian'.
בְּצ֣וּרthe rockprep + N com m sg constr · צוּר (H6697)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)צוּר (H6697) 'the rock'.
עוֹרֵ֑בOrebN · עֹרֵב (H6159)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עֹרֵב (H6159) 'Oreb'.
וּמַטֵּ֨הוּ֙the tribe ofconj וְ + N com m sg constr + sfx 3ms · מַטֶּה (H4294)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מַטֶּה (H4294) 'the tribe of'.
עַלonprep · עַל (H5921)Particle or relational elementעַל (H5921) 'on'.
הַיָּ֔םthe seaart + N com m sg abs · יָם (H3220)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יָם (H3220) 'the sea'.
וּנְשָׂא֖וֹand they will bearconj וְ + Qal q 3ms + sfx 3ms · נָשָׂא (H5375)Particle or relational elementנָשָׂא (H5375) 'and they will bear'.
בְּדֶ֥רֶךְon the wayprep + N com c sg constr · דֶּרֶךְ (H1870)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)דֶּרֶךְ (H1870) 'on the way'.
מִצְרָֽיִםEgyptN · מִצְרַיִם (H4714)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מִצְרַיִם (H4714) 'Egypt'.
27

וְהָיָ֣ה בַּיּ֣וֹם הַה֗וּא יָס֤וּר סֻבֳּלוֹ֙ מֵעַ֣ל שִׁכְמֶ֔ךָ וְעֻלּ֖וֹ מֵעַ֣ל צַוָּארֶ֑ךָ וְחֻבַּ֥ל עֹ֖ל מִפְּנֵי שָֽׁמֶן

And it shall come to pass in that day, his burden shall be taken away from off your shoulder, and his yoke from off your neck, and the yoke shall be destroyed because of the anointing.

Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'turn aside'.
Word-by-word analysis· 14 words
וְהָיָ֣הand it shall beconj וְ + Qal q 3ms · הָיָה (H1961)Particle or relational elementהָיָה (H1961) 'and it shall be'.
בַּיּ֣וֹםon the dayprep + art + N com m sg abs · יוֹם (H3117)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יוֹם (H3117) 'on the day'.
הַה֗וּאthatart + pron 3ms · הִיא (H1931)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)הִיא (H1931) 'that'.
יָס֤וּרturn asideQal impf 3ms · סוּר (H5493)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalסוּר (H5493) 'turn aside'.
סֻבֳּלוֹ֙burdenN c · סֹבֶל (H5448)Construct chain (genitival)סֹבֶל (H5448) 'burden'.
מֵעַ֣לfrom uponprep + prep · עַל (H5921)Particle or relational elementעַל (H5921) 'from upon'.
שִׁכְמֶ֔ךָher shoulderN c · שְׁכֶם (H7926)Construct chain (genitival)שְׁכֶם (H7926) 'her shoulder'.
וְעֻלּ֖וֹa yoke ofconj וְ + N com m sg constr + sfx 3ms · עֹל (H5923)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עֹל (H5923) 'a yoke of'.
מֵעַ֣לfrom uponprep + prep · עַל (H5921)Particle or relational elementעַל (H5921) 'from upon'.
צַוָּארֶ֑ךָyour neckN c · צַוָּאר (H6677)Construct chain (genitival)צַוָּאר (H6677) 'your neck'.
וְחֻבַּ֥לhe shall take in pledgeconj וְ + Pual q 3ms · חָבַל (H2254)Particle or relational elementחָבַל (H2254) 'he shall take in pledge'.
עֹ֖לa yoke ofN c · עֹל (H5923)Construct chain (genitival)עֹל (H5923) 'a yoke of'.
מִפְּנֵיbecause ofprep + N com c pl constr · פָּנִים (H6440)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)פָּנִים (H6440) 'because of'.
שָֽׁמֶןthe oil ofN c · שֶׁמֶן (H8081)Construct chain (genitival)שֶׁמֶן (H8081) 'the oil of'.
28

בָּ֥א עַל עַיַּ֖ת עָבַ֣ר בְּמִגְר֑וֹן לְמִכְמָ֖שׂ יַפְקִ֥יד כֵּלָֽיו

He is come to Aiath, he is passed to Migron; at Michmash he has laid up his carriages:

Qatal — perfective or stative predicationasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Qatal — perfective or stative predication. Lead predicate is 'came'.
Word-by-word analysis· 8 words
בָּ֥אcameQal perf 3ms · בּוֹא (H935)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actבּוֹא (H935) 'came'.
עַלonprep · עַל (H5921)Particle or relational elementעַל (H5921) 'on'.
עַיַּ֖תAiN · הָעַי (H5857)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)הָעַי (H5857) 'Ai'.
עָבַ֣רis crossingQal perf 3ms · עָבַר (H5674)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actעָבַר (H5674) 'is crossing'.
בְּמִגְר֑וֹןinprep + N proper · מִגְרוֹן (H4051)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מִגְרוֹן (H4051) 'in'.
לְמִכְמָ֖שׂinprep + N proper · מִכְמָס (H4363)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מִכְמָס (H4363) 'in'.
יַפְקִ֥ידtheir mustered (men)Hiphil impf 3ms · פָּקַד (H6485)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalפָּקַד (H6485) 'their mustered (men)'.
כֵּלָֽיוits vesselsN c · כְּלִי (H3627)Construct chain (genitival)כְּלִי (H3627) 'its vessels'.
29

עָֽבְרוּ֙ מַעְבָּרָ֔ה גֶּ֖בַע מָל֣וֹן לָ֑נוּ חָֽרְדָה֙ הָֽרָמָ֔ה גִּבְעַ֥ת שָׁא֖וּל נָֽסָה

They are gone over the passage: they have taken up their lodging at Geba; Ramah is afraid; Gibeah of Saul is fled.

Qatal — perfective or stative predicationasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Qatal — perfective or stative predication. Lead predicate is 'cross over'.
Word-by-word analysis· 10 words
עָֽבְרוּ֙cross overQal perf 3cp · עָבַר (H5674)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actעָבַר (H5674) 'cross over'.
מַעְבָּרָ֔הthe fords ofN c · מַעֲבָר (H4569)Construct chain (genitival)מַעֲבָר (H4569) 'the fords of'.
גֶּ֖בַעGebaN · גֶּבַע (H1387)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)גֶּבַע (H1387) 'Geba'.
מָל֣וֹןat the lodging placeN c · מָלוֹן (H4411)Construct chain (genitival)מָלוֹן (H4411) 'at the lodging place'.
לָ֑נוּto usprep + sfx 1cpParticle or relational elementFunction word: 'to us'.
חָֽרְדָה֙and ... trembledQal perf 3fs · חָרַד (H2729)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actחָרַד (H2729) 'and ... trembled'.
הָֽרָמָ֔הto Ramahart + N proper · רָמָה (H7414)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)רָמָה (H7414) 'to Ramah'.
גִּבְעַ֥תGibeahN · גִּבְעָה (H1390)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)גִּבְעָה (H1390) 'Gibeah'.
שָׁא֖וּלShaulN · שָׁאוּל (H7586)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שָׁאוּל (H7586) 'Shaul'.
נָֽסָהand they fledQal perf 3fs · נוּס (H5127)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actנוּס (H5127) 'and they fled'.
30

צַהֲלִ֥י קוֹלֵ֖ךְ בַּת גַּלִּ֑ים הַקְשִׁ֥יבִי לַ֖יְשָׁה עֲנִיָּ֥ה עֲנָתֽוֹת

Lift up your voice, O daughter of Gallim: cause it to be heard to Laish, O poor Anathoth.

Imperative — volitional addressasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Imperative — volitional address. Lead predicate is 'bellow'.
Word-by-word analysis· 8 words
צַהֲלִ֥יbellowQal impv 2fs · צָהַל (H6670)Predicate verb (imperative)→ Volitional: imperativeצָהַל (H6670) 'bellow'.
קוֹלֵ֖ךְto the voice ofN c · קוֹל (H6963)Construct chain (genitival)קוֹל (H6963) 'to the voice of'.
בַּתdaughter ofN c · בַּת (H1323)Construct chain (genitival)בַּת (H1323) 'daughter of'.
גַּלִּ֑יםfromN · גַּלִּים (H1554)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)גַּלִּים (H1554) 'from'.
הַקְשִׁ֥יבִיtoHiphil impv 2fs · קָשַׁב (H7181)Predicate verb (imperative)→ Volitional: imperativeקָשַׁב (H7181) 'to'.
לַ֖יְשָׁהLaishN · לַיִשׁ (H3919)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)לַיִשׁ (H3919) 'Laish'.
עֲנִיָּ֥הpoorAdj · עָנִי (H6041)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עָנִי (H6041) 'poor'.
עֲנָתֽוֹתAnathothN · עֲנָתוֹת (H6068)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עֲנָתוֹת (H6068) 'Anathoth'.
31

נָדְדָ֖ה מַדְמֵנָ֑ה יֹשְׁבֵ֥י הַגֵּבִ֖ים הֵעִֽיזוּ

Madmenah is removed; the inhabitants of Gebim gather themselves to flee.

Qatal — perfective or stative predication
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Qatal — perfective or stative predication. Lead predicate is 'and fled'.
Word-by-word analysis· 5 words
נָדְדָ֖הand fledQal perf 3fs · נָדַד (H5074)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actנָדַד (H5074) 'and fled'.
מַדְמֵנָ֑הMadmenahN · מַדְמֵנָה (H4088)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מַדְמֵנָה (H4088) 'Madmenah'.
יֹשְׁבֵ֥יthe inhabitants ofQal ptc mp · יָשַׁב (H3427)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorיָשַׁב (H3427) 'the inhabitants of'.
הַגֵּבִ֖יםGebimart + N proper · גֵּבִים (H1374)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)גֵּבִים (H1374) 'Gebim'.
הֵעִֽיזוּbring to safetyHiphil perf 3cp · עוּז (H5756)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actעוּז (H5756) 'bring to safety'.
32

ע֥וֹד הַיּ֖וֹם בְּנֹ֣ב לַֽעֲמֹ֑ד יְנֹפֵ֤ף יָדוֹ֙ הַ֣ר בית בַּת צִיּ֔וֹן גִּבְעַ֖ת יְרוּשָׁלִָֽם

As yet shall he remain at Nob that day: he shall shake his hand the mount of the daughter of Zion, the hill of Jerusalem.

Infinitive construct — purpose, result, or complementasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Infinitive construct — purpose, result, or complement. Lead predicate is 'to stand'.
Word-by-word analysis· 12 words
ע֥וֹדagainart · עוֹד (H5750)Particle or relational elementעוֹד (H5750) 'again'.
הַיּ֖וֹםtodayart + N com m sg abs · יוֹם (H3117)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יוֹם (H3117) 'today'.
בְּנֹ֣בinprep + N proper · נֹב (H5011)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)נֹב (H5011) 'in'.
לַֽעֲמֹ֑דto standprep + Qal inf constr · עָמַד (H5975)Infinitive construct→ Infinitive construct: purpose, result, or complementעָמַד (H5975) 'to stand'.
יְנֹפֵ֤ףand he shall wavePolel impf 3ms · נוּף (H5130)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalנוּף (H5130) 'and he shall wave'.
יָדוֹ֙his handN c · יָד (H3027)Construct chain (genitival)יָד (H3027) 'his hand'.
הַ֣רMountN c · הַר (H2022)Construct chain (genitival)הַר (H2022) 'Mount'.
ביתthe house ofN c · בַּיִת (H1004)Construct chain (genitival)בַּיִת (H1004) 'the house of'.
בַּתdaughter ofN c · בַּת (H1323)Construct chain (genitival)בַּת (H1323) 'daughter of'.
צִיּ֔וֹןdaughter ofN · בַּת (H1323)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)בַּת (H1323) 'daughter of'.
גִּבְעַ֖תthe hills ofN c · גִּבְעָה (H1389)Construct chain (genitival)גִּבְעָה (H1389) 'the hills of'.
יְרוּשָׁלִָֽםJerusalemN · יְרוּשָׁלִַם (H3389)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְרוּשָׁלִַם (H3389) 'Jerusalem'.
33

הִנֵּ֤ה הָאָדוֹן֙ יְהוָ֣ה צְבָא֔וֹת מְסָעֵ֥ף פֻּארָ֖ה בְּמַעֲרָצָ֑ה וְרָמֵ֤י הַקּוֹמָה֙ גְּדוּעִ֔ים וְהַגְּבֹהִ֖ים יִשְׁפָּֽלוּ

Behold, YHWH, YHWH of hosts, shall lop the bough with terror: and the high ones of stature hewn down, and the haughty shall be humbled.

Participle — attendant circumstance or substantival actorhinneh
Presentative hinneh, putting a new scene or surprise on stage. Participle — attendant circumstance or substantival actor. Lead predicate is 'top'.
Word-by-word analysis· 12 words
הִנֵּ֤הbeholdadv. · הִנֵּה (H2009)Particle or relational elementהִנֵּה (H2009) 'behold'.
הָאָדוֹן֙my lordart + N com m sg abs · אָדוֹן (H113)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אָדוֹן (H113) 'my lord'.
יְהוָ֣הYHWHN · יְהוָה (H3068)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוָה (H3068) 'YHWH'.
צְבָא֔וֹתof troopsN c · צָבָא (H6635)Construct chain (genitival)צָבָא (H6635) 'of troops'.
מְסָעֵ֥ףtopPiel ptc ms · סָעַף (H5586)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorסָעַף (H5586) 'top'.
פֻּארָ֖הboughN c · פְּאֹרָה (H6288)Construct chain (genitival)פְּאֹרָה (H6288) 'bough'.
בְּמַעֲרָצָ֑הinprep + N com f sg abs · מַעֲרָצָה (H4637)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מַעֲרָצָה (H4637) 'in'.
וְרָמֵ֤יand tallconj וְ + Qal ptc mp · רוּם (H7311)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorרוּם (H7311) 'and tall'.
הַקּוֹמָה֙its heightart + N com f sg abs · קוֹמָה (H6967)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)קוֹמָה (H6967) 'its height'.
גְּדוּעִ֔יםyou shall hew downQal ptc mp · גָּדַע (H1438)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorגָּדַע (H1438) 'you shall hew down'.
וְהַגְּבֹהִ֖יםhighconj וְ + art + Adj · גָּבֹהַ (H1364)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)גָּבֹהַ (H1364) 'high'.
יִשְׁפָּֽלוּabaseQal impf 3mp · שָׁפֵל (H8213)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalשָׁפֵל (H8213) 'abase'.
34

וְנִקַּ֛ף סִֽבְכֵ֥י הַיַּ֖עַר בַּבַּרְזֶ֑ל וְהַלְּבָנ֖וֹן בְּאַדִּ֥יר יִפּֽוֹל

And he shall cut down the thickets of the forest with iron, and Lebanon shall fall by a mighty one.

Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'and he fell'. Closes the chapter.
Word-by-word analysis· 7 words
וְנִקַּ֛ףcirclingconj וְ + Piel q 3ms · נָקַף (H5362)Particle or relational elementנָקַף (H5362) 'circling'.
סִֽבְכֵ֥יin the thicketN c · סְבַךְ (H5442)Construct chain (genitival)סְבַךְ (H5442) 'in the thicket'.
הַיַּ֖עַרinto the forestart + N com m sg abs · יַעַר (H3293)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יַעַר (H3293) 'into the forest'.
בַּבַּרְזֶ֑לironprep + art + N com m sg abs · בַּרְזֶל (H1270)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)בַּרְזֶל (H1270) 'iron'.
וְהַלְּבָנ֖וֹןand Lebanonconj וְ + art + N proper · לְבָנוֹן (H3844)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)לְבָנוֹן (H3844) 'and Lebanon'.
בְּאַדִּ֥ירwaters.prep + Adj · אַדִּיר (H117)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אַדִּיר (H117) 'waters.'.
יִפּֽוֹלand he fellQal impf 3ms · נָפַל (H5307)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalנָפַל (H5307) 'and he fell'.