Hebrew Text · Translation · Interlinear · Discourse Structure

The Book of Hosea, Chapter 13הושע 13

Each verse opens with the running Hebrew, an English translation, and a discourse note (its connective, relation, and role in the argument). Below follows the word-by-word breakdown in six tiers: gloss, case/state or parsing, syntax, semantic force, and a lexical note.

Case Nominative Genitive Dative Accusative Vocative Verb (no case) Indeclinable

Discourse notes head each verse: relation · connective · clause-flow. Indentation marks prominence — flush-left = main line of argument; indented = supporting / subordinate material.

Theme

Hosea 13 (15 verses in the MT) opens: When Ephraim spake trembling, he exalted himself in Israel; but when he offended in Baal, he died. The middle of the chapter continues: I will meet them as a bear bereaved , and will rend the caul of their heart, and there will I devour them like a lion: the wild beast shall tear them. It closes: Though he be fruitful among brethren, an east wind shall come, the wind of YHWH shall come up from the wilderness, and his spring shall become dry, and his fountain shall be dried up: he shall spoil the treasure of all.

Translation & textual notes

The Hebrew base text here follows the Masoretic Text in the Leningrad tradition as represented by the Westminster Leningrad Codex / MorphHB diplomatic stream imported from OSHB; distinctively copyrighted apparatus from BHS or BHQ is not reproduced. Hosea 13 comprises 15 verses in MT order. Movement I (vv. 1-4) — When Ephraim spake trembling, he exalted himself in Israel; but when he. When Ephraim spake trembling, he exalted himself in Israel; but when he offended in Baal, he died. And now they sin more and more, and have made them molten images of their silver, idols according to their own understanding, all of it the work of the craftsmen: they say of them, Let the men that sacrifice kiss the calves. Therefore they shall be as the. Movement II (vv. 5-8) — I did know you in the wilderness, in the land of great drought. I did know you in the wilderness, in the land of great drought. According to their pasture, so were they filled; they were filled, and their heart was exalted; therefore have they forgotten me. Therefore I will be to them as a lion: as a leopard by the way will I observe : I will meet them as a bear bereaved , and will rend the caul of their heart, and. Movement III (vv. 9-12) — O Israel, you have destroyed thyself; but in me your help. O Israel, you have destroyed thyself; but in me your help. I will be your king: where that may save you in all your cities? and your judges of whom you saidst, Give me a king and princes? I gave you a king in mine anger, and took away in my wrath. The iniquity of Ephraim bound up; his sin hid. Movement IV (vv. 13-15) — The sorrows of a travailing woman shall come upon him: he an unwise son;. The sorrows of a travailing woman shall come upon him: he an unwise son; for he should not stay long in the breaking forth of children. I will ransom them from the power of the grave; I will redeem them from death: O death, I will be your plagues; O grave, I will be your destruction: repentance shall be hid from mine eyes. Though he be fruitful among. Where English printed Bibles divide verses differently, this annotation follows MT versification throughout.

1

כְּדַבֵּ֤ר אֶפְרַ֨יִם֙ רְתֵ֔ת נָשָׂ֥א ה֖וּא בְּיִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל וַיֶּאְשַׁ֥ם בַּבַּ֖עַל וַיָּמֹֽת

When Ephraim spake trembling, he exalted himself in Israel; but when he offended in Baal, he died.

Infinitive construct — purpose, result, or complementasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Infinitive construct — purpose, result, or complement. Lead predicate is 'as...spoke'. Opens the chapter. Speech formula or quoted address.
Word-by-word analysis· 9 words
כְּדַבֵּ֤רas...spokeprep + Piel inf constr · דִּבֶּר (H1696)Infinitive construct→ Infinitive construct: purpose, result, or complementדִּבֶּר (H1696) 'as...spoke'.
אֶפְרַ֨יִם֙EphraimN · אֶפְרַיִם (H669)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֶפְרַיִם (H669) 'Ephraim'.
רְתֵ֔תtremblingN c · רְתֵת (H7578)Construct chain (genitival)רְתֵת (H7578) 'trembling'.
נָשָׂ֥אlifts upQal perf 3ms · נָשָׂא (H5375)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actנָשָׂא (H5375) 'lifts up'.
ה֖וּאhepron 3ms · הִיא (H1931)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)הִיא (H1931) 'he'.
בְּיִשְׂרָאֵ֑לin Israelprep + N proper · יִשְׂרָאֵל (H3478)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יִשְׂרָאֵל (H3478) 'in Israel'.
וַיֶּאְשַׁ֥םthen he is guiltyconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · אָשֵׁם (H816)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceאָשֵׁם (H816) 'then he is guilty'.
בַּבַּ֖עַלthe Baalsprep + art + N proper · בַּעַל (H1168)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)בַּעַל (H1168) 'the Baals'.
וַיָּמֹֽתand he diedconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · מוּת (H4191)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceמוּת (H4191) 'and he died'.
2

וְעַתָּ֣ה יוֹסִ֣פוּ לַחֲטֹ֗א וַיַּעְשׂ֣וּ לָהֶם֩ מַסֵּכָ֨ה מִכַּסְפָּ֤ם כִּתְבוּנָם֙ עֲצַבִּ֔ים מַעֲשֵׂ֥ה חָרָשִׁ֖ים כֻּלֹּ֑ה לָהֶם֙ הֵ֣ם אֹמְרִ֔ים זֹבְחֵ֣י אָדָ֔ם עֲגָלִ֖ים יִשָּׁקֽוּן

And now they sin more and more, and have made them molten images of their silver, idols according to their own understanding, all of it the work of the craftsmen: they say of them, Let the men that sacrifice kiss the calves.

Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'shall again'.
Word-by-word analysis· 19 words
וְעַתָּ֣הand nowconj וְ + art · עַתָּה (H6258)Particle or relational elementעַתָּה (H6258) 'and now'.
יוֹסִ֣פוּshall againHiphil impf 3mp · יָסַף (H3254)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalיָסַף (H3254) 'shall again'.
לַחֲטֹ֗אto sinprep + Qal inf constr · חָטָא (H2398)Infinitive construct→ Infinitive construct: purpose, result, or complementחָטָא (H2398) 'to sin'.
וַיַּעְשׂ֣וּand they didconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3mp · עָשָׂה (H6213)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceעָשָׂה (H6213) 'and they did'.
לָהֶם֩to themprep + sfx 3mpParticle or relational elementFunction word: 'to them'.
מַסֵּכָ֨הa cast imageN c · מַסֵּכָה (H4541)Construct chain (genitival)מַסֵּכָה (H4541) 'a cast image'.
מִכַּסְפָּ֤םsilverprep + N com m sg constr + sfx 3mp · כֶּסֶף (H3701)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)כֶּסֶף (H3701) 'silver'.
כִּתְבוּנָם֙and understandingprep + N com f sg constr + sfx 3mp · תְּבוּנָה (H8394)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)תְּבוּנָה (H8394) 'and understanding'.
עֲצַבִּ֔יםidolN c · עָצָב (H6091)Construct chain (genitival)עָצָב (H6091) 'idol'.
מַעֲשֵׂ֥הthe work ofN c · מַעֲשֶׂה (H4639)Construct chain (genitival)מַעֲשֶׂה (H4639) 'the work of'.
חָרָשִׁ֖יםa craftsmanN c · חָרָשׁ (H2796)Construct chain (genitival)חָרָשׁ (H2796) 'a craftsman'.
כֻּלֹּ֑הall of itN c · כֹּל (H3605)Construct chain (genitival)כֹּל (H3605) 'all of it'.
לָהֶם֙to themprep + sfx 3mpParticle or relational elementFunction word: 'to them'.
הֵ֣םtheypron 3mp · הֵמָּה (H1992)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)הֵמָּה (H1992) 'they'.
אֹמְרִ֔יםthey sayQal ptc mp · אָמַר (H559)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorאָמַר (H559) 'they say'.
זֹבְחֵ֣יthose sacrificingQal ptc mp · זָבַח (H2076)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorזָבַח (H2076) 'those sacrificing'.
אָדָ֔םmanN c · אָדָם (H120)Construct chain (genitival)אָדָם (H120) 'man'.
עֲגָלִ֖יםa calf ofN c · עֵגֶל (H5695)Construct chain (genitival)עֵגֶל (H5695) 'a calf of'.
יִשָּׁקֽוּןand he kissedQal impf 3mp + Sn · נָשַׁק (H5401)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalנָשַׁק (H5401) 'and he kissed'.
3

לָכֵ֗ן יִֽהְיוּ֙ כַּעֲנַן בֹּ֔קֶר וְכַטַּ֖ל מַשְׁכִּ֣ים הֹלֵ֑ךְ כְּמֹץ֙ יְסֹעֵ֣ר מִגֹּ֔רֶן וּכְעָשָׁ֖ן מֵאֲרֻבָּֽה

Therefore they shall be as the morning cloud, and as the early dew that passeth away, as the chaff is driven with the whirlwind out of the floor, and as the smoke out of the chimney.

Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-orientedasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'they shall be'.
Word-by-word analysis· 12 words
לָכֵ֗ןthereforeprep + art · כֵּן (H3651)Particle or relational elementכֵּן (H3651) 'therefore'.
יִֽהְיוּ֙they shall beQal impf 3mp · הָיָה (H1961)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalהָיָה (H1961) 'they shall be'.
כַּעֲנַןthe cloudprep + N com m sg constr · עָנָן (H6051)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עָנָן (H6051) 'the cloud'.
בֹּ֔קֶרmorningN c · בֹּקֶר (H1242)Construct chain (genitival)בֹּקֶר (H1242) 'morning'.
וְכַטַּ֖לdewconj וְ + prep + art + N com m sg abs · טַל (H2919)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)טַל (H2919) 'dew'.
מַשְׁכִּ֣יםand he rose earlyHiphil ptc ms · שָׁכַם (H7925)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorשָׁכַם (H7925) 'and he rose early'.
הֹלֵ֑ךְwentQal ptc ms · הָלַךְ (H1980)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorהָלַךְ (H1980) 'went'.
כְּמֹץ֙as / likeprep + N com m sg abs · מֹץ (H4671)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מֹץ (H4671) 'as / like'.
יְסֹעֵ֣רandPoel impf 3ms · סָעַר (H5590)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalסָעַר (H5590) 'and'.
מִגֹּ֔רֶןthe threshing floorprep + N com c sg abs · גֹּרֶן (H1637)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)גֹּרֶן (H1637) 'the threshing floor'.
וּכְעָשָׁ֖ןsmoke ofconj וְ + prep + N com m sg abs · עָשָׁן (H6227)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עָשָׁן (H6227) 'smoke of'.
מֵאֲרֻבָּֽהand the windows ofprep + N com f sg abs · אֲרֻבָּה (H699)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֲרֻבָּה (H699) 'and the windows of'.
4

וְאָנֹכִ֛י יְהוָ֥ה אֱלֹהֶ֖יךָ מֵאֶ֣רֶץ מִצְרָ֑יִם וֵאלֹהִ֤ים זֽוּלָתִי֙ לֹ֣א תֵדָ֔ע וּמוֹשִׁ֥יעַ אַ֖יִן בִּלְתִּֽי

Yet I YHWH your God from the land of Egypt, and you shall know no god but me: for no saviour beside me.

Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'you may know'.
Word-by-word analysis· 12 words
וְאָנֹכִ֛יand Iconj וְ + pron 1cs · אָנֹכִי (H595)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אָנֹכִי (H595) 'and I'.
יְהוָ֥הYHWHN · יְהוָה (H3068)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוָה (H3068) 'YHWH'.
אֱלֹהֶ֖יךָyour GodN c · אֱלֹהִים (H430)Construct chain (genitival)אֱלֹהִים (H430) 'your God'.
מֵאֶ֣רֶץfrom the land ofprep + N com c sg constr · אֶרֶץ (H776)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֶרֶץ (H776) 'from the land of'.
מִצְרָ֑יִםEgyptN · מִצְרַיִם (H4714)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מִצְרַיִם (H4714) 'Egypt'.
וֵאלֹהִ֤יםbut Godconj וְ + N com m pl abs · אֱלֹהִים (H430)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֱלֹהִים (H430) 'but God'.
זֽוּלָתִי֙exceptprep + sfx 1cs · זוּלָתִי (H2108)Particle or relational elementזוּלָתִי (H2108) 'except'.
לֹ֣אnotneg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'not'.
תֵדָ֔עyou may knowQal impf 2ms · יָדַע (H3045)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalיָדַע (H3045) 'you may know'.
וּמוֹשִׁ֥יעַone to saveconj וְ + Hiphil ptc ms · יָשַׁע (H3467)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorיָשַׁע (H3467) 'one to save'.
אַ֖יִןthere is notneg. · אַיִן (H369)Particle or relational elementאַיִן (H369) 'there is not'.
בִּלְתִּֽיexceptprep + sfx 1cs · בִּלְתִּי (H1115)Particle or relational elementבִּלְתִּי (H1115) 'except'.
5

אֲנִ֥י יְדַעְתִּ֖יךָ בַּמִּדְבָּ֑ר בְּאֶ֖רֶץ תַּלְאֻבֽוֹת

I did know you in the wilderness, in the land of great drought.

Qatal — perfective or stative predicationasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Qatal — perfective or stative predication. Lead predicate is 'I know you'.
Word-by-word analysis· 5 words
אֲנִ֥יIpron 1cs · אֲנִי (H589)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֲנִי (H589) 'I'.
יְדַעְתִּ֖יךָI know youQal perf 1cs + sfx 2ms · יָדַע (H3045)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actיָדַע (H3045) 'I know you'.
בַּמִּדְבָּ֑רin the wildernessprep + art + N com m sg abs · מִדְבָּר (H4057)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מִדְבָּר (H4057) 'in the wilderness'.
בְּאֶ֖רֶץin the land ofprep + N com c sg constr · אֶרֶץ (H776)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֶרֶץ (H776) 'in the land of'.
תַּלְאֻבֽוֹתgreat droughtN c · תַּלְאוּבָה (H8514)Construct chain (genitival)תַּלְאוּבָה (H8514) 'great drought'.
6

כְּמַרְעִיתָם֙ וַיִּשְׂבָּ֔עוּ שָׂבְע֖וּ וַיָּ֣רָם לִבָּ֑ם עַל כֵּ֖ן שְׁכֵחֽוּנִי

According to their pasture, so were they filled; they were filled, and their heart was exalted; therefore have they forgotten me.

Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential actionasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action. Lead predicate is 'and be satisfied'.
Word-by-word analysis· 8 words
כְּמַרְעִיתָם֙flockprep + N com f sg constr + sfx 3mp · מִרְעִית (H4830)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מִרְעִית (H4830) 'flock'.
וַיִּשְׂבָּ֔עוּand be satisfiedconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3mp · שָׂבַע (H7646)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceשָׂבַע (H7646) 'and be satisfied'.
שָׂבְע֖וּand be satisfiedQal perf 3cp · שָׂבַע (H7646)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actשָׂבַע (H7646) 'and be satisfied'.
וַיָּ֣רָםand it bred wormsconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · רוּם (H7311)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceרוּם (H7311) 'and it bred worms'.
לִבָּ֑םtheir heartN c · לֵב (H3820)Construct chain (genitival)לֵב (H3820) 'their heart'.
עַלonprep · עַל (H5921)Particle or relational elementעַל (H5921) 'on'.
כֵּ֖ןsoadv. · כֵּן (H3651)Particle or relational elementכֵּן (H3651) 'so'.
שְׁכֵחֽוּנִיhave forgotten meQal perf 3cp + sfx 1cs · שָׁכַח (H7911)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actשָׁכַח (H7911) 'have forgotten me'.
7

וָאֱהִ֥י לָהֶ֖ם כְּמוֹ שָׁ֑חַל כְּנָמֵ֖ר עַל דֶּ֥רֶךְ אָשֽׁוּר

Therefore I will be to them as a lion: as a leopard by the way will I observe :

Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action. Wayyehî scene-setting or temporal hinge.
Word-by-word analysis· 8 words
וָאֱהִ֥יand it happenedconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 1cs · הָיָה (H1961)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceהָיָה (H1961) 'and it happened'.
לָהֶ֖םto themprep + sfx 3mpParticle or relational elementFunction word: 'to them'.
כְּמוֹlikeprep · כְּמוֹ (H3644)Particle or relational elementכְּמוֹ (H3644) 'like'.
שָׁ֑חַל(fierce) lionN c · שַׁחַל (H7826)Construct chain (genitival)שַׁחַל (H7826) '(fierce) lion'.
כְּנָמֵ֖רandprep + N com m sg abs · נָמֵר (H5246)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)נָמֵר (H5246) 'and'.
עַלonprep · עַל (H5921)Particle or relational elementעַל (H5921) 'on'.
דֶּ֥רֶךְthe way ofN c · דֶּרֶךְ (H1870)Construct chain (genitival)דֶּרֶךְ (H1870) 'the way of'.
אָשֽׁוּרI behold himQal impf 1cs · שׁוּר (H7789)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalשׁוּר (H7789) 'I behold him'.
8

אֶפְגְּשֵׁם֙ כְּדֹ֣ב שַׁכּ֔וּל וְאֶקְרַ֖ע סְג֣וֹר לִבָּ֑ם וְאֹכְלֵ֥ם שָׁם֙ כְּלָבִ֔יא חַיַּ֥ת הַשָּׂדֶ֖ה תְּבַקְּעֵֽם

I will meet them as a bear bereaved , and will rend the caul of their heart, and there will I devour them like a lion: the wild beast shall tear them.

Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'and he met him'.
Word-by-word analysis· 12 words
אֶפְגְּשֵׁם֙and he met himQal impf 1cs + sfx 3mp · פָּגַשׁ (H6298)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalפָּגַשׁ (H6298) 'and he met him'.
כְּדֹ֣בbearprep + N com m sg abs · דֹּב (H1677)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)דֹּב (H1677) 'bear'.
שַׁכּ֔וּלbarrenAdj · שַׁכּוּל (H7909)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שַׁכּוּל (H7909) 'barren'.
וְאֶקְרַ֖עand he toreconj וְ + Qal impf 1cs · קָרַע (H7167)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalקָרַע (H7167) 'and he tore'.
סְג֣וֹרcaulN c · סְגוֹר (H5458)Construct chain (genitival)סְגוֹר (H5458) 'caul'.
לִבָּ֑םtheir heartN c · לֵב (H3820)Construct chain (genitival)לֵב (H3820) 'their heart'.
וְאֹכְלֵ֥םyou shall eatconj וְ + Qal impf 1cs + sfx 3mp · אָכַל (H398)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalאָכַל (H398) 'you shall eat'.
שָׁם֙thereart · שָׁם (H8033)Particle or relational elementשָׁם (H8033) 'there'.
כְּלָבִ֔יאas a lionprep + N com c sg abs · לָבִיא (H3833)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)לָבִיא (H3833) 'as a lion'.
חַיַּ֥תbeast ofN c · חַי (H2416)Construct chain (genitival)חַי (H2416) 'beast of'.
הַשָּׂדֶ֖הthe fieldart + N com m sg abs · שָׂדֶה (H7704)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שָׂדֶה (H7704) 'the field'.
תְּבַקְּעֵֽםand were dividedPiel impf 3fs + sfx 3mp · בָּקַע (H1234)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalבָּקַע (H1234) 'and were divided'.
9

שִֽׁחֶתְךָ֥ יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל כִּֽי בִ֥י בְעֶזְרֶֽךָ

O Israel, you have destroyed thyself; but in me your help.

Qatal — perfective or stative predicationasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Qatal — perfective or stative predication. Lead predicate is 'to destroy'.
Word-by-word analysis· 5 words
שִֽׁחֶתְךָ֥to destroyPiel perf 3ms + sfx 2ms · שָׁחַת (H7843)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actשָׁחַת (H7843) 'to destroy'.
יִשְׂרָאֵ֖לIsraelN · יִשְׂרָאֵל (H3478)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יִשְׂרָאֵל (H3478) 'Israel'.
כִּֽיforconj וְ · כִּי (H3588)Particle or relational elementכִּי (H3588) 'for'.
בִ֥יagainst meprep + sfx 1csParticle or relational elementFunction word: 'against me'.
בְעֶזְרֶֽךָto your helpprep + N com m sg constr + sfx 2ms · עֵזֶר (H5828)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עֵזֶר (H5828) 'to your help'.
10

אֱהִ֤י מַלְכְּךָ֙ אֵפ֔וֹא וְיוֹשִֽׁיעֲךָ֖ בְּכָל עָרֶ֑יךָ וְשֹׁ֣פְטֶ֔יךָ אֲשֶׁ֣ר אָמַ֔רְתָּ תְּנָה לִּ֖י מֶ֥לֶךְ וְשָׂרִֽים

I will be your king: where that may save you in all your cities? and your judges of whom you saidst, Give me a king and princes?

Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-orientedasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'one to save'. Speech formula or quoted address.
Word-by-word analysis· 13 words
אֱהִ֤יI will be (Hosea 13:10interrog. · אֱהִי (H165)Particle or relational elementאֱהִי (H165) 'I will be (Hosea 13:10'.
מַלְכְּךָ֙your kingN c · מֶלֶךְ (H4428)Construct chain (genitival)מֶלֶךְ (H4428) 'your king'.
אֵפ֔וֹאthenart · אֵפוֹא (H645)Particle or relational elementאֵפוֹא (H645) 'then'.
וְיוֹשִֽׁיעֲךָ֖one to saveconj וְ + Hiphil impf 3ms + sfx 2ms · יָשַׁע (H3467)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalיָשַׁע (H3467) 'one to save'.
בְּכָלin allprep + N com m sg constr · כֹּל (H3605)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)כֹּל (H3605) 'in all'.
עָרֶ֑יךָyour citiesN c · עִיר (H5892)Construct chain (genitival)עִיר (H5892) 'your cities'.
וְשֹׁ֣פְטֶ֔יךָand your judgesconj וְ + Qal ptc mp + sfx 2ms · שָׁפַט (H8199)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorשָׁפַט (H8199) 'and your judges'.
אֲשֶׁ֣רthatrel. שֶׁ · אֲשֶׁר (H834)Particle or relational elementאֲשֶׁר (H834) 'that'.
אָמַ֔רְתָּhave saidQal perf 2ms · אָמַר (H559)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actאָמַר (H559) 'have said'.
תְּנָהgiveQal impv 2ms + Sh · נָתַן (H5414)Predicate verb (imperative)→ Volitional: imperativeנָתַן (H5414) 'give'.
לִּ֖יto meprep + sfx 1csParticle or relational elementFunction word: 'to me'.
מֶ֥לֶךְking ofN c · מֶלֶךְ (H4428)Construct chain (genitival)מֶלֶךְ (H4428) 'king of'.
וְשָׂרִֽיםchief ofconj וְ + N com m pl abs · שַׂר (H8269)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שַׂר (H8269) 'chief of'.
11

אֶֽתֶּן לְךָ֥ מֶ֨לֶךְ֙ בְּאַפִּ֔י וְאֶקַּ֖ח בְּעֶבְרָתִֽי

I gave you a king in mine anger, and took away in my wrath.

Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-orientedasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'I will give'.
Word-by-word analysis· 6 words
אֶֽתֶּןI will giveQal impf 1cs · נָתַן (H5414)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalנָתַן (H5414) 'I will give'.
לְךָ֥to youprep + sfx 2msParticle or relational elementFunction word: 'to you'.
מֶ֨לֶךְ֙king ofN c · מֶלֶךְ (H4428)Construct chain (genitival)מֶלֶךְ (H4428) 'king of'.
בְּאַפִּ֔יin my angerprep + N com m sg constr + sfx 1cs · אַף (H639)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אַף (H639) 'in my anger'.
וְאֶקַּ֖חand I tookconj וְ + Qal impf 1cs · לָקַח (H3947)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalלָקַח (H3947) 'and I took'.
בְּעֶבְרָתִֽיand their wrathprep + N com f sg constr + sfx 1cs · עֶבְרָה (H5678)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עֶבְרָה (H5678) 'and their wrath'.
12

צָרוּר֙ עֲוֺ֣ן אֶפְרָ֔יִם צְפוּנָ֖ה חַטָּאתֽוֹ

The iniquity of Ephraim bound up; his sin hid.

Participle — attendant circumstance or substantival actorasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Participle — attendant circumstance or substantival actor. Lead predicate is 'harass!/be hostile to!'.
Word-by-word analysis· 5 words
צָרוּר֙harass!/be hostile to!Qal ptc ms · צָרַר (H6887)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorצָרַר (H6887) 'harass!/be hostile to!'.
עֲוֺ֣ןthe iniquity ofN c · עָוֹן (H5771)Construct chain (genitival)עָוֹן (H5771) 'the iniquity of'.
אֶפְרָ֔יִםEphraimN · אֶפְרַיִם (H669)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֶפְרַיִם (H669) 'Ephraim'.
צְפוּנָ֖הand she hid himQal ptc fs · צָפַן (H6845)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorצָפַן (H6845) 'and she hid him'.
חַטָּאתֽוֹhis sinN c · חַטָּאת (H2403)Construct chain (genitival)חַטָּאת (H2403) 'his sin'.
13

חֶבְלֵ֥י יֽוֹלֵדָ֖ה יָבֹ֣אוּ ל֑וֹ הוּא בֵן֙ לֹ֣א חָכָ֔ם כִּֽי עֵ֥ת לֹֽא יַעֲמֹ֖ד בְּמִשְׁבַּ֥ר בָּנִֽים

The sorrows of a travailing woman shall come upon him: he an unwise son; for he should not stay long in the breaking forth of children.

Participle — attendant circumstance or substantival actorasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Participle — attendant circumstance or substantival actor. Lead predicate is 'and he fathered'.
Word-by-word analysis· 14 words
חֶבְלֵ֥יthe portions ofN c · חֶבֶל (H2256)Construct chain (genitival)חֶבֶל (H2256) 'the portions of'.
יֽוֹלֵדָ֖הand he fatheredQal ptc fs · יָלַד (H3205)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorיָלַד (H3205) 'and he fathered'.
יָבֹ֣אוּshall go inQal impf 3mp · בּוֹא (H935)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalבּוֹא (H935) 'shall go in'.
ל֑וֹto himprep + sfx 3msParticle or relational elementFunction word: 'to him'.
הוּאhepron 3ms · הִיא (H1931)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)הִיא (H1931) 'he'.
בֵן֙son ofN c · בֵּן (H1121)Construct chain (genitival)בֵּן (H1121) 'son of'.
לֹ֣אnotneg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'not'.
חָכָ֔םwise [of]Adj · חָכָם (H2450)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)חָכָם (H2450) 'wise [of]'.
כִּֽיforconj וְ · כִּי (H3588)Particle or relational elementכִּי (H3588) 'for'.
עֵ֥תtimesN c · עֵת (H6256)Construct chain (genitival)עֵת (H6256) 'times'.
לֹֽאnotneg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'not'.
יַעֲמֹ֖דshall standQal impf 3ms · עָמַד (H5975)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalעָמַד (H5975) 'shall stand'.
בְּמִשְׁבַּ֥רbirthprep + N com m sg constr · מִשְׁבֵּר (H4866)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מִשְׁבֵּר (H4866) 'birth'.
בָּנִֽיםsonsN c · בֵּן (H1121)Construct chain (genitival)בֵּן (H1121) 'sons'.
14

מִיַּ֤ד שְׁאוֹל֙ אֶפְדֵּ֔ם מִמָּ֖וֶת אֶגְאָלֵ֑ם אֱהִ֨י דְבָרֶיךָ֜ מָ֗וֶת אֱהִ֤י קָֽטָבְךָ֙ שְׁא֔וֹל נֹ֖חַם יִסָּתֵ֥ר מֵעֵינָֽי

I will ransom them from the power of the grave; I will redeem them from death: O death, I will be your plagues; O grave, I will be your destruction: repentance shall be hid from mine eyes.

Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-orientedasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'you shall redeem'.
Word-by-word analysis· 14 words
מִיַּ֤דfrom the hand ofprep + N com c sg constr · יָד (H3027)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יָד (H3027) 'from the hand of'.
שְׁאוֹל֙SheolN · שְׁאוֹל (H7585)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שְׁאוֹל (H7585) 'Sheol'.
אֶפְדֵּ֔םyou shall redeemQal impf 1cs + sfx 3mp · פָּדָה (H6299)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalפָּדָה (H6299) 'you shall redeem'.
מִמָּ֖וֶתfrom deathprep + N com m sg abs · מָוֶת (H4194)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מָוֶת (H4194) 'from death'.
אֶגְאָלֵ֑םthe avenger ofQal impf 1cs + sfx 3mp · גָּאַל (H1350)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalגָּאַל (H1350) 'the avenger of'.
אֱהִ֨יI will be (Hosea 13:10interrog. · אֱהִי (H165)Particle or relational elementאֱהִי (H165) 'I will be (Hosea 13:10'.
דְבָרֶיךָ֜a pestilenceN c · דֶּבֶר (H1698)Construct chain (genitival)דֶּבֶר (H1698) 'a pestilence'.
מָ֗וֶתthe death ofN c · מָוֶת (H4194)Construct chain (genitival)מָוֶת (H4194) 'the death of'.
אֱהִ֤יI will be (Hosea 13:10interrog. · אֱהִי (H165)Particle or relational elementאֱהִי (H165) 'I will be (Hosea 13:10'.
קָֽטָבְךָ֙destructionN c · קֹטֶב (H6987)Construct chain (genitival)קֹטֶב (H6987) 'destruction'.
שְׁא֔וֹלSheolN · שְׁאוֹל (H7585)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שְׁאוֹל (H7585) 'Sheol'.
נֹ֖חַםrepentanceN c · נֹחַם (H5164)Construct chain (genitival)נֹחַם (H5164) 'repentance'.
יִסָּתֵ֥רI will hideN · סָתַר (H5641)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)סָתַר (H5641) 'I will hide'.
מֵעֵינָֽיfrom the eyes ofprep + N com c du constr + sfx 1cs · עַיִן (H5869)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עַיִן (H5869) 'from the eyes of'.
15

כִּ֣י ה֔וּא בֵּ֥ן אַחִ֖ים יַפְרִ֑יא יָב֣וֹא קָדִים֩ ר֨וּחַ יְהוָ֜ה מִמִּדְבָּ֣ר עֹלֶ֗ה וְיֵב֤וֹשׁ מְקוֹרוֹ֙ וְיֶחֱרַ֣ב מַעְיָנ֔וֹ ה֣וּא יִשְׁסֶ֔ה אוֹצַ֖ר כָּל כְּלִ֥י חֶמְדָּֽה

Though he be fruitful among brethren, an east wind shall come, the wind of YHWH shall come up from the wilderness, and his spring shall become dry, and his fountain shall be dried up: he shall spoil the treasure of all pleasant vessels.

Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented
kî-clause (causal, recitative, or evidential). Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'be fruitful'. Closes the chapter.
Word-by-word analysis· 21 words
כִּ֣יforconj וְ · כִּי (H3588)Particle or relational elementכִּי (H3588) 'for'.
ה֔וּאhepron 3ms · הִיא (H1931)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)הִיא (H1931) 'he'.
בֵּ֥ןbetweenN c · בֵּין (H996)Construct chain (genitival)בֵּין (H996) 'between'.
אַחִ֖יםbrothersN c · אָח (H251)Construct chain (genitival)אָח (H251) 'brothers'.
יַפְרִ֑יאbe fruitfulHiphil impf 3ms · פָּרָא (H6500)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalפָּרָא (H6500) 'be fruitful'.
יָב֣וֹאhe may comeQal impf 3ms · בּוֹא (H935)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalבּוֹא (H935) 'he may come'.
קָדִים֩eastN c · קָדִים (H6921)Construct chain (genitival)קָדִים (H6921) 'east'.
ר֨וּחַa spirit ofN c · רוּחַ (H7307)Construct chain (genitival)רוּחַ (H7307) 'a spirit of'.
יְהוָ֜הYHWHN · יְהוָה (H3068)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוָה (H3068) 'YHWH'.
מִמִּדְבָּ֣רfrom the wilderness ofprep + N com m sg abs · מִדְבָּר (H4057)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מִדְבָּר (H4057) 'from the wilderness of'.
עֹלֶ֗הgo upQal ptc ms · עָלָה (H5927)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorעָלָה (H5927) 'go up'.
וְיֵב֤וֹשׁwere ashamedconj וְ + Qal impf 3ms · בּוּשׁ (H954)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalבּוּשׁ (H954) 'were ashamed'.
מְקוֹרוֹ֙the flow ofN c · מָקוֹר (H4726)Construct chain (genitival)מָקוֹר (H4726) 'the flow of'.
וְיֶחֱרַ֣בhad dried upconj וְ + Qal impf 3ms · חָרַב (H2717)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalחָרַב (H2717) 'had dried up'.
מַעְיָנ֔וֹthe spring ofN c · מַעְיָן (H4599)Construct chain (genitival)מַעְיָן (H4599) 'the spring of'.
ה֣וּאhepron 3ms · הִיא (H1931)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)הִיא (H1931) 'he'.
יִשְׁסֶ֔הplunderersQal impf 3ms · שָׁסָה (H8154)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalשָׁסָה (H8154) 'plunderers'.
אוֹצַ֖רthe treasury ofN c · אוֹצָר (H214)Construct chain (genitival)אוֹצָר (H214) 'the treasury of'.
כָּלallN c · כֹּל (H3605)Construct chain (genitival)כֹּל (H3605) 'all'.
כְּלִ֥יarticle ofN c · כְּלִי (H3627)Construct chain (genitival)כְּלִי (H3627) 'article of'.
חֶמְדָּֽהthe desirable onesN c · חֶמְדָּה (H2532)Construct chain (genitival)חֶמְדָּה (H2532) 'the desirable ones'.