1
עַל מִשְׁמַרְתִּ֣י אֶעֱמֹ֔דָה וְאֶֽתְיַצְּבָ֖ה עַל מָצ֑וֹר וַאֲצַפֶּ֗ה לִרְאוֹת֙ מַה יְדַבֶּר בִּ֔י וּמָ֥ה אָשִׁ֖יב עַל תּוֹכַחְתִּֽי
I will stand upon my watch, and set me upon the tower, and will watch to see what he will say to me, and what I shall answer when I am reproved.
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Weqatal / cohortative — sequential or volitional. Lead predicate is 'standing'. Opens the chapter.
Word-by-word analysis· 15 words
עַלonprep · עַל (H5921)Particle or relational elementעַל (H5921) 'on'.
מִשְׁמַרְתִּ֣יmy chargeN c · מִשְׁמֶרֶת (H4931)Construct chain (genitival)מִשְׁמֶרֶת (H4931) 'my charge'.
אֶעֱמֹ֔דָהstandingQal cohortative 1cs · עָמַד (H5975)Predicate verb (weqatal / cohortative)→ Weqatal/cohortative: sequential or volitionalעָמַד (H5975) 'standing'.
וְאֶֽתְיַצְּבָ֖הand he stationed himselfconj וְ + Hithpael cohortative 1cs · הִתְיַצֵּב (H3320)Predicate verb (weqatal / cohortative)→ Weqatal/cohortative: sequential or volitionalהִתְיַצֵּב (H3320) 'and he stationed himself'.
עַלonprep · עַל (H5921)Particle or relational elementעַל (H5921) 'on'.
מָצ֑וֹרsiege-worksN c · מָצוֹר (H4692)Construct chain (genitival)מָצוֹר (H4692) 'siege-works'.
וַאֲצַפֶּ֗הmay watchconj וְ + Piel impf 1cs · צָפָה (H6822)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalצָפָה (H6822) 'may watch'.
לִרְאוֹת֙to seeprep + Qal inf constr · רָאָה (H7200)Infinitive construct→ Infinitive construct: purpose, result, or complementרָאָה (H7200) 'to see'.
מַהwhatinterrog. · מָה (H4100)Particle or relational elementמָה (H4100) 'what'.
יְדַבֶּרspeaksPiel impf 3ms · דִּבֶּר (H1696)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalדִּבֶּר (H1696) 'speaks'.
בִּ֔יagainst meprep + sfx 1csParticle or relational elementFunction word: 'against me'.
וּמָ֥הand whatconj וְ + interrog. · מָה (H4100)Particle or relational elementמָה (H4100) 'and what'.
אָשִׁ֖יבI will renderHiphil impf 1cs · שׁוּב (H7725)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalשׁוּב (H7725) 'I will render'.
עַלonprep · עַל (H5921)Particle or relational elementעַל (H5921) 'on'.
תּוֹכַחְתִּֽיandN c · תּוֹכֵחָה (H8433)Construct chain (genitival)תּוֹכֵחָה (H8433) 'and'.
2
וַיַּעֲנֵ֤נִי יְהוָה֙ וַיֹּ֔אמֶר כְּת֣וֹב חָז֔וֹן וּבָאֵ֖ר עַל הַלֻּח֑וֹת לְמַ֥עַן יָר֖וּץ ק֥וֹרֵא בֽוֹ
And YHWH answered me, and said, Write the vision, and make plain upon tables, that he may run that readeth it.
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action. Lead predicate is 'and answered'. Speech formula or quoted address.
Word-by-word analysis· 12 words
וַיַּעֲנֵ֤נִיand answeredconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms + sfx 1cs · עָנָה (H6030)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceעָנָה (H6030) 'and answered'.
יְהוָה֙YHWHN · יְהוָה (H3068)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוָה (H3068) 'YHWH'.
וַיֹּ֔אמֶרand he saidconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · אָמַר (H559)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceאָמַר (H559) 'and he said'.
כְּת֣וֹבwrittenQal impv 2ms · כָּתַב (H3789)Predicate verb (imperative)→ Volitional: imperativeכָּתַב (H3789) 'written'.
חָז֔וֹןvisionN c · חָזוֹן (H2377)Construct chain (genitival)חָזוֹן (H2377) 'vision'.
וּבָאֵ֖רto expound/make plainconj וְ + Piel impv 2ms · בֵּאֵר (H874)Predicate verb (imperative)→ Volitional: imperativeבֵּאֵר (H874) 'to expound/make plain'.
עַלonprep · עַל (H5921)Particle or relational elementעַל (H5921) 'on'.
הַלֻּח֑וֹתtablets ofart + N com m pl abs · לוּחַ (H3871)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)לוּחַ (H3871) 'tablets of'.
לְמַ֥עַןso thatprep · לְמַעַן (H4616)Particle or relational elementלְמַעַן (H4616) 'so that'.
יָר֖וּץand he ranQal impf 3ms · רוּץ (H7323)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalרוּץ (H7323) 'and he ran'.
ק֥וֹרֵאand he calledQal ptc ms · קָרָא (H7121)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorקָרָא (H7121) 'and he called'.
בֽוֹin itprep + sfx 3msParticle or relational elementFunction word: 'in it'.
3
כִּ֣י ע֤וֹד חָזוֹן֙ לַמּוֹעֵ֔ד וְיָפֵ֥חַ לַקֵּ֖ץ וְלֹ֣א יְכַזֵּ֑ב אִם יִתְמַהְמָהּ֙ חַכֵּה ל֔וֹ כִּֽי בֹ֥א יָבֹ֖א לֹ֥א יְאַחֵֽר
For the vision yet for an appointed time, but at the end it shall speak, and not lie: though it tarry, wait for it; because it will surely come, it will not tarry.
kî-clause (causal, recitative, or evidential). Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'blow'.
Word-by-word analysis· 17 words
כִּ֣יforconj וְ · כִּי (H3588)Particle or relational elementכִּי (H3588) 'for'.
ע֤וֹדagainart · עוֹד (H5750)Particle or relational elementעוֹד (H5750) 'again'.
חָזוֹן֙visionN c · חָזוֹן (H2377)Construct chain (genitival)חָזוֹן (H2377) 'vision'.
לַמּוֹעֵ֔דat the appointed timeprep + art + N com m sg abs · מוֹעֵד (H4150)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מוֹעֵד (H4150) 'at the appointed time'.
וְיָפֵ֥חַblowconj וְ + Hiphil impf 3ms · פּוּחַ (H6315)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalפּוּחַ (H6315) 'blow'.
לַקֵּ֖ץat the end ofprep + art + N com m sg abs · קֵץ (H7093)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)קֵץ (H7093) 'at the end of'.
וְלֹ֣אand notconj וְ + neg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'and not'.
יְכַזֵּ֑בthat he should liePiel impf 3ms · כָּזַב (H3576)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalכָּזַב (H3576) 'that he should lie'.
אִםifconj וְ · אִם (H518)Particle or relational elementאִם (H518) 'if'.
יִתְמַהְמָהּ֙to delayf impf 3ms · מָהַהּ (H4102)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalמָהַהּ (H4102) 'to delay'.
חַכֵּהandPiel impv 2ms · חָכָה (H2442)Predicate verb (imperative)→ Volitional: imperativeחָכָה (H2442) 'and'.
ל֔וֹto himprep + sfx 3msParticle or relational elementFunction word: 'to him'.
כִּֽיforconj וְ · כִּי (H3588)Particle or relational elementכִּי (H3588) 'for'.
בֹ֥אcameQal inf abs · בּוֹא (H935)Infinitive absolute→ Infinitive absolute: emphasis or attendant actionבּוֹא (H935) 'came'.
יָבֹ֖אshall enterQal impf 3ms · בּוֹא (H935)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalבּוֹא (H935) 'shall enter'.
לֹ֥אnotneg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'not'.
יְאַחֵֽרhe will delayPiel impf 3ms · אָחַר (H309)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalאָחַר (H309) 'he will delay'.
4
הִנֵּ֣ה עֻפְּלָ֔ה לֹא יָשְׁרָ֥ה נַפְשׁ֖וֹ בּ֑וֹ וְצַדִּ֖יק בֶּאֱמוּנָת֥וֹ יִחְיֶֽה
Behold, his soul is lifted up is not upright in him: but the just shall live by his faith.
Presentative hinneh, putting a new scene or surprise on stage. Qatal — perfective or stative predication. Lead predicate is 'and they presumed'.
Word-by-word analysis· 9 words
הִנֵּ֣הbeholdadv. · הִנֵּה (H2009)Particle or relational elementהִנֵּה (H2009) 'behold'.
עֻפְּלָ֔הand they presumedPual perf 3fs · עָפַל (H6075)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actעָפַל (H6075) 'and they presumed'.
לֹאnotneg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'not'.
יָשְׁרָ֥הit will be right/pleasingQal perf 3fs · יָשַׁר (H3474)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actיָשַׁר (H3474) 'it will be right/pleasing'.
נַפְשׁ֖וֹhis soulN c · נֶפֶשׁ (H5315)Construct chain (genitival)נֶפֶשׁ (H5315) 'his soul'.
בּ֑וֹin itprep + sfx 3msParticle or relational elementFunction word: 'in it'.
וְצַדִּ֖יקand the righteousconj וְ + Adj · צַדִּיק (H6662)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)צַדִּיק (H6662) 'and the righteous'.
בֶּאֱמוּנָת֥וֹfaithfulnessprep + N com f sg constr + sfx 3ms · אֱמוּנָה (H530)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֱמוּנָה (H530) 'faithfulness'.
יִחְיֶֽהdoes liveQal impf 3ms · חָיָה (H2421)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalחָיָה (H2421) 'does live'.
5
וְאַף֙ כִּֽי הַיַּ֣יִן בּוֹגֵ֔ד גֶּ֥בֶר יָהִ֖יר וְלֹ֣א יִנְוֶ֑ה אֲשֶׁר֩ הִרְחִ֨יב כִּשְׁא֜וֹל נַפְשׁ֗וֹ וְה֤וּא כַמָּ֨וֶת֙ וְלֹ֣א יִשְׂבָּ֔ע וַיֶּאֱסֹ֤ף אֵלָיו֙ כָּל הַגּוֹיִ֔ם וַיִּקְבֹּ֥ץ אֵלָ֖יו כָּל הָעַמִּֽים
Yea also, because he transgresseth by wine, a proud man, neither keepeth at home, who enlargeth his desire as hell, and as death, and cannot be satisfied, but gathereth to him all nations, and heapeth to him all people:
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Participle — attendant circumstance or substantival actor. Lead predicate is 'in his dealing treacherously'.
Word-by-word analysis· 24 words
וְאַף֙and alsoconj וְ + art · אַף (H637)Particle or relational elementאַף (H637) 'and also'.
כִּֽיforconj וְ · כִּי (H3588)Particle or relational elementכִּי (H3588) 'for'.
הַיַּ֣יִןthe wineart + N com m sg abs · יַיִן (H3196)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יַיִן (H3196) 'the wine'.
בּוֹגֵ֔דin his dealing treacherouslyQal ptc ms · בָּגַד (H898)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorבָּגַד (H898) 'in his dealing treacherously'.
גֶּ֥בֶרa manN c · גֶּבֶר (H1397)Construct chain (genitival)גֶּבֶר (H1397) 'a man'.
יָהִ֖ירhaughtyAdj · יָהִיר (H3093)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יָהִיר (H3093) 'haughty'.
וְלֹ֣אand notconj וְ + neg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'and not'.
יִנְוֶ֑הand I will glorify/adorn himQal impf 3ms · נָוָה (H5115)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalנָוָה (H5115) 'and I will glorify/adorn him'.
אֲשֶׁר֩thatrel. שֶׁ · אֲשֶׁר (H834)Particle or relational elementאֲשֶׁר (H834) 'that'.
הִרְחִ֨יבhas made roomHiphil perf 3ms · רָחַב (H7337)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actרָחַב (H7337) 'has made room'.
כִּשְׁא֜וֹלSheolprep + N proper · שְׁאוֹל (H7585)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שְׁאוֹל (H7585) 'Sheol'.
נַפְשׁ֗וֹhis soulN c · נֶפֶשׁ (H5315)Construct chain (genitival)נֶפֶשׁ (H5315) 'his soul'.
וְה֤וּאand heconj וְ + pron 3ms · הִיא (H1931)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)הִיא (H1931) 'and he'.
כַמָּ֨וֶת֙like the death ofprep + art + N com m sg abs · מָוֶת (H4194)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מָוֶת (H4194) 'like the death of'.
וְלֹ֣אand notconj וְ + neg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'and not'.
יִשְׂבָּ֔עand be satisfiedQal impf 3ms · שָׂבַע (H7646)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalשָׂבַע (H7646) 'and be satisfied'.
וַיֶּאֱסֹ֤ףand he gatheredconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · אָסַף (H622)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceאָסַף (H622) 'and he gathered'.
אֵלָיו֙to himprep + sfx 3ms · אֶל (H413)Particle or relational elementאֶל (H413) 'to him'.
כָּלallN c · כֹּל (H3605)Construct chain (genitival)כֹּל (H3605) 'all'.
הַגּוֹיִ֔םthe nationsart + N com m pl abs · גּוֹי (H1471)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)גּוֹי (H1471) 'the nations'.
וַיִּקְבֹּ֥ץand he gatheredconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · קָבַץ (H6908)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceקָבַץ (H6908) 'and he gathered'.
אֵלָ֖יוto himprep + sfx 3ms · אֶל (H413)Particle or relational elementאֶל (H413) 'to him'.
כָּלallN c · כֹּל (H3605)Construct chain (genitival)כֹּל (H3605) 'all'.
הָעַמִּֽיםthe peoplesart + N com m pl abs · עַם (H5971)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עַם (H5971) 'the peoples'.
6
הֲלוֹא אֵ֣לֶּה כֻלָּ֗ם עָלָיו֙ מָשָׁ֣ל יִשָּׂ֔אוּ וּמְלִיצָ֖ה חִיד֣וֹת ל֑וֹ וְיֹאמַ֗ר ה֚וֹי הַמַּרְבֶּ֣ה לֹּא ל֔וֹ עַד מָתַ֕י וּמַכְבִּ֥יד עָלָ֖יו עַבְטִֽיט
Shall not all these take up a parable against him, and a taunting proverb against him, and say, Woe to him that increaseth not his! how long? and to him that ladeth himself with thick clay!
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'they shall bear'. Speech formula or quoted address.
Word-by-word analysis· 19 words
הֲלוֹאis it notinterrog. + neg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'is it not'.
אֵ֣לֶּהthesedem. pron xcp · אֵלֶּה (H428)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֵלֶּה (H428) 'these'.
כֻלָּ֗םall of themN c · כֹּל (H3605)Construct chain (genitival)כֹּל (H3605) 'all of them'.
עָלָיו֙on itprep + sfx 3ms · עַל (H5921)Particle or relational elementעַל (H5921) 'on it'.
מָשָׁ֣לhis oracleN c · מָשָׁל (H4912)Construct chain (genitival)מָשָׁל (H4912) 'his oracle'.
יִשָּׂ֔אוּthey shall bearQal impf 3mp · נָשָׂא (H5375)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalנָשָׂא (H5375) 'they shall bear'.
וּמְלִיצָ֖הandconj וְ + N com f sg abs · מְלִיצָה (H4426)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מְלִיצָה (H4426) 'and'.
חִיד֣וֹתin riddlesN c · חִידָה (H2420)Construct chain (genitival)חִידָה (H2420) 'in riddles'.
ל֑וֹto himprep + sfx 3msParticle or relational elementFunction word: 'to him'.
וְיֹאמַ֗רand he saidconj וְ + Qal impf 3ms · אָמַר (H559)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalאָמַר (H559) 'and he said'.
ה֚וֹיahparticle · הוֹי (H1945)Particle or relational elementהוֹי (H1945) 'ah'.
הַמַּרְבֶּ֣הthe one who gathered muchart + Hiphil ptc ms · רָבָה (H7235)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorרָבָה (H7235) 'the one who gathered much'.
לֹּאnotneg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'not'.
ל֔וֹto himprep + sfx 3msParticle or relational elementFunction word: 'to him'.
עַדuntilprep · עַד (H5704)Particle or relational elementעַד (H5704) 'until'.
מָתַ֕יwheninterrog. · מָתַי (H4970)Particle or relational elementמָתַי (H4970) 'when'.
וּמַכְבִּ֥ידand he hardenedconj וְ + Hiphil ptc ms · כָּבֵד (H3513)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorכָּבֵד (H3513) 'and he hardened'.
עָלָ֖יוon itprep + sfx 3ms · עַל (H5921)Particle or relational elementעַל (H5921) 'on it'.
עַבְטִֽיטthick clayN c · עַבְטִיט (H5671)Construct chain (genitival)עַבְטִיט (H5671) 'thick clay'.
7
הֲל֣וֹא פֶ֗תַע יָק֨וּמוּ֙ נֹשְׁכֶ֔יךָ וְיִקְצ֖וּ מְזַעְזְעֶ֑יךָ וְהָיִ֥יתָ לִמְשִׁסּ֖וֹת לָֽמוֹ
Shall they not rise up suddenly that shall bite you, and awake that shall vex you, and you shall be for booties to them?
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'will arise'.
Word-by-word analysis· 9 words
הֲל֣וֹאis it notinterrog. + neg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'is it not'.
פֶ֗תַעsuddenlyart · פֶּתַע (H6621)Particle or relational elementפֶּתַע (H6621) 'suddenly'.
יָק֨וּמוּ֙will ariseQal impf 3mp · קוּם (H6965)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalקוּם (H6965) 'will arise'.
נֹשְׁכֶ֔יךָyou shall charge interestQal ptc mp + sfx 2ms · נָשַׁךְ (H5391)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorנָשַׁךְ (H5391) 'you shall charge interest'.
וְיִקְצ֖וּariseconj וְ + Qal impf 3mp · קוּץ (H6974)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalקוּץ (H6974) 'arise'.
מְזַעְזְעֶ֑יךָmovel ptc mp + sfx 2ms · זוּעַ (H2111)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorזוּעַ (H2111) 'move'.
וְהָיִ֥יתָand you will beconj וְ + Qal q 2ms · הָיָה (H1961)Particle or relational elementהָיָה (H1961) 'and you will be'.
לִמְשִׁסּ֖וֹתandprep + N com f pl abs · מְשִׁסָּה (H4933)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מְשִׁסָּה (H4933) 'and'.
לָֽמוֹfor themprep + sfx 3mpParticle or relational elementFunction word: 'for them'.
8
כִּֽי אַתָּ֤ה שַׁלּ֨וֹתָ֙ גּוֹיִ֣ם רַבִּ֔ים יְשָׁלּ֖וּךָ כָּל יֶ֣תֶר עַמִּ֑ים מִדְּמֵ֤י אָדָם֙ וַחֲמַס אֶ֔רֶץ קִרְיָ֖ה וְכָל יֹ֥שְׁבֵי בָֽהּ
Because you have spoiled many nations, all the remnant of the people shall spoil you; because of men's blood, and the violence of the land, of the city, and of all that dwell therein.
kî-clause (causal, recitative, or evidential). Qatal — perfective or stative predication. Lead predicate is 'to'.
Word-by-word analysis· 17 words
כִּֽיforconj וְ · כִּי (H3588)Particle or relational elementכִּי (H3588) 'for'.
אַתָּ֤הyoupron 2ms · אַתָּה (H859)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אַתָּה (H859) 'you'.
שַׁלּ֨וֹתָ֙toQal perf 2ms · שָׁלַל (H7997)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actשָׁלַל (H7997) 'to'.
גּוֹיִ֣םnationsN c · גּוֹי (H1471)Construct chain (genitival)גּוֹי (H1471) 'nations'.
רַבִּ֔יםmanyAdj · רַב (H7227)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)רַב (H7227) 'many'.
יְשָׁלּ֖וּךָtoQal impf 3mp + sfx 2ms · שָׁלַל (H7997)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalשָׁלַל (H7997) 'to'.
כָּלallN c · כֹּל (H3605)Construct chain (genitival)כֹּל (H3605) 'all'.
יֶ֣תֶרthe remainder ofN c · יֶתֶר (H3499)Construct chain (genitival)יֶתֶר (H3499) 'the remainder of'.
עַמִּ֑יםpeoplesN c · עַם (H5971)Construct chain (genitival)עַם (H5971) 'peoples'.
מִדְּמֵ֤יthe bloodprep + N com m pl constr · דָּם (H1818)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)דָּם (H1818) 'the blood'.
אָדָם֙manN c · אָדָם (H120)Construct chain (genitival)אָדָם (H120) 'man'.
וַחֲמַסviolenceconj וְ + N com m sg constr · חָמָס (H2555)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)חָמָס (H2555) 'violence'.
אֶ֔רֶץthe land ofN c · אֶרֶץ (H776)Construct chain (genitival)אֶרֶץ (H776) 'the land of'.
קִרְיָ֖הa cityN c · קִרְיָה (H7151)Construct chain (genitival)קִרְיָה (H7151) 'a city'.
וְכָלand allconj וְ + N com m sg constr · כֹּל (H3605)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)כֹּל (H3605) 'and all'.
יֹ֥שְׁבֵיthe inhabitants ofQal ptc mp · יָשַׁב (H3427)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorיָשַׁב (H3427) 'the inhabitants of'.
בָֽהּin itprep + sfx 3fsParticle or relational elementFunction word: 'in it'.
9
ה֗וֹי בֹּצֵ֛עַ בֶּ֥צַע רָ֖ע לְבֵית֑וֹ לָשׂ֤וּם בַּמָּרוֹם֙ קִנּ֔וֹ לְהִנָּצֵ֖ל מִכַּף רָֽע
Woe to him that coveteth an evil covetousness to his house, that he may set his nest on high, that he may be delivered from the power of evil!
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Participle — attendant circumstance or substantival actor. Lead predicate is 'cut'.
Word-by-word analysis· 11 words
ה֗וֹיahparticle · הוֹי (H1945)Particle or relational elementהוֹי (H1945) 'ah'.
בֹּצֵ֛עַcutQal ptc ms · בָּצַע (H1214)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorבָּצַע (H1214) 'cut'.
בֶּ֥צַעunjust gainN c · בֶּצַע (H1215)Construct chain (genitival)בֶּצַע (H1215) 'unjust gain'.
רָ֖עbadAdj · רַע (H7451)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)רַע (H7451) 'bad'.
לְבֵית֑וֹto his houseprep + N com m sg constr + sfx 3ms · בַּיִת (H1004)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)בַּיִת (H1004) 'to his house'.
לָשׂ֤וּםto putprep + Qal inf constr · שִׂים (H7760)Infinitive construct→ Infinitive construct: purpose, result, or complementשִׂים (H7760) 'to put'.
בַּמָּרוֹם֙the heights ofprep + art + N com m sg abs · מָרוֹם (H4791)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מָרוֹם (H4791) 'the heights of'.
קִנּ֔וֹits nestN c · קֵן (H7064)Construct chain (genitival)קֵן (H7064) 'its nest'.
לְהִנָּצֵ֖לhas deliveredprep + Niphal inf constr · נָצַל (H5337)Infinitive construct→ Infinitive construct: purpose, result, or complementנָצַל (H5337) 'has delivered'.
מִכַּףfrom the sole ofprep + N com f sg constr · כַּף (H3709)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)כַּף (H3709) 'from the sole of'.
רָֽעbadAdj · רַע (H7451)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)רַע (H7451) 'bad'.
10
יָעַ֥צְתָּ בֹּ֖שֶׁת לְבֵיתֶ֑ךָ קְצוֹת עַמִּ֥ים רַבִּ֖ים וְחוֹטֵ֥א נַפְשֶֽׁךָ
You have consulted shame to your house by cutting off many people, and have sinned your soul.
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Qatal — perfective or stative predication. Lead predicate is 'let me advise you'.
Word-by-word analysis· 8 words
יָעַ֥צְתָּlet me advise youQal perf 2ms · יָעַץ (H3289)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actיָעַץ (H3289) 'let me advise you'.
בֹּ֖שֶׁתtoN c · בֹּשֶׁת (H1322)Construct chain (genitival)בֹּשֶׁת (H1322) 'to'.
לְבֵיתֶ֑ךָto your houseprep + N com m sg constr + sfx 2ms · בַּיִת (H1004)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)בַּיִת (H1004) 'to your house'.
קְצוֹתthey scraped offQal inf constr · קָצָה (H7096)Infinitive construct→ Infinitive construct: purpose, result, or complementקָצָה (H7096) 'they scraped off'.
עַמִּ֥יםpeoplesN c · עַם (H5971)Construct chain (genitival)עַם (H5971) 'peoples'.
רַבִּ֖יםmanyAdj · רַב (H7227)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)רַב (H7227) 'many'.
וְחוֹטֵ֥אsinsconj וְ + Qal ptc ms · חָטָא (H2398)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorחָטָא (H2398) 'sins'.
נַפְשֶֽׁךָyour soulN c · נֶפֶשׁ (H5315)Construct chain (genitival)נֶפֶשׁ (H5315) 'your soul'.
11
כִּי אֶ֖בֶן מִקִּ֣יר תִּזְעָ֑ק וְכָפִ֖יס מֵעֵ֥ץ יַעֲנֶֽנָּה
For the stone shall cry out of the wall, and the beam out of the timber shall answer it.
kî-clause (causal, recitative, or evidential). Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'and they cried out'. Speech formula or quoted address.
Word-by-word analysis· 7 words
כִּיforconj וְ · כִּי (H3588)Particle or relational elementכִּי (H3588) 'for'.
אֶ֖בֶןa stoneN c · אֶבֶן (H68)Construct chain (genitival)אֶבֶן (H68) 'a stone'.
מִקִּ֣ירfrom the wall ofprep + N com m sg abs · קִיר (H7023)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)קִיר (H7023) 'from the wall of'.
תִּזְעָ֑קand they cried outQal impf 3fs · זָעַק (H2199)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalזָעַק (H2199) 'and they cried out'.
וְכָפִ֖יסandconj וְ + N com m sg abs · כָּפִיס (H3714)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)כָּפִיס (H3714) 'and'.
מֵעֵ֥ץfrom the tree ofprep + N com m sg abs · עֵץ (H6086)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עֵץ (H6086) 'from the tree of'.
יַעֲנֶֽנָּהand answeredQal impf 3ms + sfx 3fs · עָנָה (H6030)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalעָנָה (H6030) 'and answered'.
12
ה֛וֹי בֹּנֶ֥ה עִ֖יר בְּדָמִ֑ים וְכוֹנֵ֥ן קִרְיָ֖ה בְּעַוְלָֽה
Woe to him that buildeth a town with blood, and stablisheth a city by iniquity!
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Participle — attendant circumstance or substantival actor. Lead predicate is 'build'.
Word-by-word analysis· 7 words
ה֛וֹיahparticle · הוֹי (H1945)Particle or relational elementהוֹי (H1945) 'ah'.
בֹּנֶ֥הbuildQal ptc ms · בָּנָה (H1129)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorבָּנָה (H1129) 'build'.
עִ֖ירthe city ofN c · עִיר (H5892)Construct chain (genitival)עִיר (H5892) 'the city of'.
בְּדָמִ֑יםthe bloodprep + N com m pl abs · דָּם (H1818)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)דָּם (H1818) 'the blood'.
וְכוֹנֵ֥ןreadyconj וְ + Polel q 3ms · כּוּן (H3559)Particle or relational elementכּוּן (H3559) 'ready'.
קִרְיָ֖הa cityN c · קִרְיָה (H7151)Construct chain (genitival)קִרְיָה (H7151) 'a city'.
בְּעַוְלָֽהinjusticeprep + N com c sg abs · עָוֶל (H5766)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עָוֶל (H5766) 'injustice'.
13
הֲל֣וֹא הִנֵּ֔ה מֵאֵ֖ת יְהוָ֣ה צְבָא֑וֹת וְיִֽיגְע֤וּ עַמִּים֙ בְּדֵי אֵ֔שׁ וּלְאֻמִּ֖ים בְּדֵי רִ֥יק יִעָֽפוּ
Behold, not of YHWH of hosts that the people shall labour in the very fire, and the people shall weary themselves for very vanity?
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'you labored'.
Word-by-word analysis· 13 words
הֲל֣וֹאis it notinterrog. + neg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'is it not'.
הִנֵּ֔הbeholdadv. · הִנֵּה (H2009)Particle or relational elementהִנֵּה (H2009) 'behold'.
מֵאֵ֖תfromprep + prep · אֵת (H854)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H854) 'from'.
יְהוָ֣הYHWHN · יְהוָה (H3068)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוָה (H3068) 'YHWH'.
צְבָא֑וֹתof troopsN c · צָבָא (H6635)Construct chain (genitival)צָבָא (H6635) 'of troops'.
וְיִֽיגְע֤וּyou laboredconj וְ + Qal impf 3mp · יָגַע (H3021)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalיָגַע (H3021) 'you labored'.
עַמִּים֙peoplesN c · עַם (H5971)Construct chain (genitival)עַם (H5971) 'peoples'.
בְּדֵיthan enough forprep + N com m sg constr · דַּי (H1767)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)דַּי (H1767) 'than enough for'.
אֵ֔שׁfireN c · אֵשׁ (H784)Construct chain (genitival)אֵשׁ (H784) 'fire'.
וּלְאֻמִּ֖יםpeoplesconj וְ + N com m pl abs · לְאֹם (H3816)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)לְאֹם (H3816) 'peoples'.
בְּדֵיthan enough forprep + N com m sg constr · דַּי (H1767)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)דַּי (H1767) 'than enough for'.
רִ֥יקin vainN c · רִיק (H7385)Construct chain (genitival)רִיק (H7385) 'in vain'.
יִעָֽפוּwearyQal impf 3mp · יָעַף (H3286)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalיָעַף (H3286) 'weary'.
14
כִּ֚י תִּמָּלֵ֣א הָאָ֔רֶץ לָדַ֖עַת אֶת כְּב֣וֹד יְהוָ֑ה כַּמַּ֖יִם יְכַסּ֥וּ עַל יָֽם
For the earth shall be filled with the knowledge of the glory of YHWH, as the waters cover the sea.
kî-clause (causal, recitative, or evidential). Infinitive construct — purpose, result, or complement. Lead predicate is 'to know'.
Word-by-word analysis· 11 words
כִּ֚יforconj וְ · כִּי (H3588)Particle or relational elementכִּי (H3588) 'for'.
תִּמָּלֵ֣אyou shall ordainN · מָלֵא (H4390)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מָלֵא (H4390) 'you shall ordain'.
הָאָ֔רֶץthe landart + N com c sg abs · אֶרֶץ (H776)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֶרֶץ (H776) 'the land'.
לָדַ֖עַתto knowprep + Qal inf constr · יָדַע (H3045)Infinitive construct→ Infinitive construct: purpose, result, or complementיָדַע (H3045) 'to know'.
אֶת(obj)obj marker · אֵת (H853)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H853) '(obj)'.
כְּב֣וֹדthe glory ofN c · כָּבוֹד (H3519)Construct chain (genitival)כָּבוֹד (H3519) 'the glory of'.
יְהוָ֑הYHWHN · יְהוָה (H3068)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוָה (H3068) 'YHWH'.
כַּמַּ֖יִםlike waterprep + art + N com m pl abs · מַיִם (H4325)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מַיִם (H4325) 'like water'.
יְכַסּ֥וּthat coversPiel impf 3mp · כָּסָה (H3680)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalכָּסָה (H3680) 'that covers'.
עַלonprep · עַל (H5921)Particle or relational elementעַל (H5921) 'on'.
יָֽםsea ofN c · יָם (H3220)Construct chain (genitival)יָם (H3220) 'sea of'.
15
ה֚וֹי מַשְׁקֵ֣ה רֵעֵ֔הוּ מְסַפֵּ֥חַ חֲמָתְךָ֖ וְאַ֣ף שַׁכֵּ֑ר לְמַ֥עַן הַבִּ֖יט עַל מְעוֹרֵיהֶֽם
Woe to him that giveth his neighbour drink, that puttest your bottle to , and makest drunken also, that you mayest look on their nakedness!
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Participle — attendant circumstance or substantival actor. Lead predicate is 'and watered'.
Word-by-word analysis· 11 words
ה֚וֹיahparticle · הוֹי (H1945)Particle or relational elementהוֹי (H1945) 'ah'.
מַשְׁקֵ֣הand wateredHiphil ptc ms · שָׁקָה (H8248)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorשָׁקָה (H8248) 'and watered'.
רֵעֵ֔הוּhis neighborN c · רֵעַ (H7453)Construct chain (genitival)רֵעַ (H7453) 'his neighbor'.
מְסַפֵּ֥חַabidingPiel ptc ms · סָפַח (H5596)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorסָפַח (H5596) 'abiding'.
חֲמָתְךָ֖the waterskinN c · חֵמֶת (H2573)Construct chain (genitival)חֵמֶת (H2573) 'the waterskin'.
וְאַ֣ףand alsoconj וְ + art · אַף (H637)Particle or relational elementאַף (H637) 'and also'.
שַׁכֵּ֑רI will make drunkPiel inf abs · שָׁכַר (H7937)Infinitive absolute→ Infinitive absolute: emphasis or attendant actionשָׁכַר (H7937) 'I will make drunk'.
לְמַ֥עַןso thatprep · לְמַעַן (H4616)Particle or relational elementלְמַעַן (H4616) 'so that'.
הַבִּ֖יטhe has beheldHiphil inf constr · נָבַט (H5027)Infinitive construct→ Infinitive construct: purpose, result, or complementנָבַט (H5027) 'he has beheld'.
עַלonprep · עַל (H5921)Particle or relational elementעַל (H5921) 'on'.
מְעוֹרֵיהֶֽםnakednessN c · מָעוֹר (H4589)Construct chain (genitival)מָעוֹר (H4589) 'nakedness'.
16
שָׂבַ֤עְתָּ קָלוֹן֙ מִכָּב֔וֹד שְׁתֵ֥ה גַם אַ֖תָּה וְהֵֽעָרֵ֑ל תִּסּ֣וֹב עָלֶ֗יךָ כּ֚וֹס יְמִ֣ין יְהוָ֔ה וְקִיקָל֖וֹן עַל כְּבוֹדֶֽךָ
You are filled with shame for glory: drink you also, and let your foreskin be uncovered: the cup of YHWH's right hand shall be turned to you, and shameful spewing on your glory.
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Qatal — perfective or stative predication. Lead predicate is 'and be satisfied'.
Word-by-word analysis· 15 words
שָׂבַ֤עְתָּand be satisfiedQal perf 2ms · שָׂבַע (H7646)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actשָׂבַע (H7646) 'and be satisfied'.
קָלוֹן֙confusionN c · קָלוֹן (H7036)Construct chain (genitival)קָלוֹן (H7036) 'confusion'.
מִכָּב֔וֹדfrom honorprep + N com c sg abs · כָּבוֹד (H3519)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)כָּבוֹד (H3519) 'from honor'.
שְׁתֵ֥הdrinkQal impv 2ms · שָׁתָה (H8354)Predicate verb (imperative)→ Volitional: imperativeשָׁתָה (H8354) 'drink'.
גַםalsoart · גַּם (H1571)Particle or relational elementגַּם (H1571) 'also'.
אַ֖תָּהyoupron 2ms · אַתָּה (H859)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אַתָּה (H859) 'you'.
וְהֵֽעָרֵ֑לand you shall treat as forbiddenconj וְ + Niphal impv 2ms · עָרַל (H6188)Predicate verb (imperative)→ Volitional: imperativeעָרַל (H6188) 'and you shall treat as forbidden'.
תִּסּ֣וֹבand they marched aroundQal impf 3fs · סָבַב (H5437)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalסָבַב (H5437) 'and they marched around'.
עָלֶ֗יךָupon youprep + sfx 2ms · עַל (H5921)Particle or relational elementעַל (H5921) 'upon you'.
כּ֚וֹסcup ofN c · כּוֹס (H3563)Construct chain (genitival)כּוֹס (H3563) 'cup of'.
יְמִ֣יןrightN c · יָמִין (H3225)Construct chain (genitival)יָמִין (H3225) 'right'.
יְהוָ֔הYHWHN · יְהוָה (H3068)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוָה (H3068) 'YHWH'.
וְקִיקָל֖וֹןandconj וְ + N com m sg abs · קִיקָלוֹן (H7022)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)קִיקָלוֹן (H7022) 'and'.
עַלonprep · עַל (H5921)Particle or relational elementעַל (H5921) 'on'.
כְּבוֹדֶֽךָthe glory ofN c · כָּבוֹד (H3519)Construct chain (genitival)כָּבוֹד (H3519) 'the glory of'.
17
כִּ֣י חֲמַ֤ס לְבָנוֹן֙ יְכַסֶּ֔ךָּ וְשֹׁ֥ד בְּהֵמ֖וֹת יְחִיתַ֑ן מִדְּמֵ֤י אָדָם֙ וַחֲמַס אֶ֔רֶץ קִרְיָ֖ה וְכָל יֹ֥שְׁבֵי בָֽהּ
For the violence of Lebanon shall cover you, and the spoil of beasts, made them afraid, because of men's blood, and for the violence of the land, of the city, and of all that dwell therein.
kî-clause (causal, recitative, or evidential). Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'that covers'.
Word-by-word analysis· 15 words
כִּ֣יforconj וְ · כִּי (H3588)Particle or relational elementכִּי (H3588) 'for'.
חֲמַ֤סviolenceN c · חָמָס (H2555)Construct chain (genitival)חָמָס (H2555) 'violence'.
לְבָנוֹן֙LebanonN · לְבָנוֹן (H3844)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)לְבָנוֹן (H3844) 'Lebanon'.
יְכַסֶּ֔ךָּthat coversPiel impf 3ms + sfx 2ms · כָּסָה (H3680)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalכָּסָה (H3680) 'that covers'.
וְשֹׁ֥דdesolationconj וְ + N com m sg constr · שֹׁד (H7701)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שֹׁד (H7701) 'desolation'.
בְּהֵמ֖וֹתbeastsN c · בְּהֵמָה (H929)Construct chain (genitival)בְּהֵמָה (H929) 'beasts'.
יְחִיתַ֑ןbe dismayedHiphil impf 3ms + sfx 3fp · חָתַת (H2865)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalחָתַת (H2865) 'be dismayed'.
מִדְּמֵ֤יthe bloodprep + N com m pl constr · דָּם (H1818)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)דָּם (H1818) 'the blood'.
אָדָם֙manN c · אָדָם (H120)Construct chain (genitival)אָדָם (H120) 'man'.
וַחֲמַסviolenceconj וְ + N com m sg constr · חָמָס (H2555)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)חָמָס (H2555) 'violence'.
אֶ֔רֶץthe land ofN c · אֶרֶץ (H776)Construct chain (genitival)אֶרֶץ (H776) 'the land of'.
קִרְיָ֖הa cityN c · קִרְיָה (H7151)Construct chain (genitival)קִרְיָה (H7151) 'a city'.
וְכָלand allconj וְ + N com m sg constr · כֹּל (H3605)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)כֹּל (H3605) 'and all'.
יֹ֥שְׁבֵיthe inhabitants ofQal ptc mp · יָשַׁב (H3427)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorיָשַׁב (H3427) 'the inhabitants of'.
בָֽהּin itprep + sfx 3fsParticle or relational elementFunction word: 'in it'.
18
מָֽה הוֹעִ֣יל פֶּ֗סֶל כִּ֤י פְסָלוֹ֙ יֹֽצְר֔וֹ מַסֵּכָ֖ה וּמ֣וֹרֶה שָּׁ֑קֶר כִּ֣י בָטַ֞ח יֹצֵ֤ר יִצְרוֹ֙ עָלָ֔יו לַעֲשׂ֖וֹת אֱלִילִ֥ים אִלְּמִֽים
What profiteth the graven image that the maker thereof has graven it; the molten image, and a teacher of lies, that the maker of his work trusteth therein, to make dumb idols?
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Qatal — perfective or stative predication. Lead predicate is 'at all'.
Word-by-word analysis· 17 words
מָֽהwhatinterrog. · מָה (H4100)Particle or relational elementמָה (H4100) 'what'.
הוֹעִ֣ילat allHiphil perf 3ms · יָעַל (H3276)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actיָעַל (H3276) 'at all'.
פֶּ֗סֶלa carved imageN c · פֶּסֶל (H6459)Construct chain (genitival)פֶּסֶל (H6459) 'a carved image'.
כִּ֤יforconj וְ · כִּי (H3588)Particle or relational elementכִּי (H3588) 'for'.
פְסָלוֹ֙hew for yourselfQal perf 3ms + sfx 3ms · פָּסַל (H6458)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actפָּסַל (H6458) 'hew for yourself'.
יֹֽצְר֔וֹits inclinationQal ptc ms + sfx 3ms · יֵצֶר (H3336)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorיֵצֶר (H3336) 'its inclination'.
מַסֵּכָ֖הa cast imageN c · מַסֵּכָה (H4541)Construct chain (genitival)מַסֵּכָה (H4541) 'a cast image'.
וּמ֣וֹרֶהand to teachconj וְ + Hiphil ptc ms · יָרָה (H3384)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorיָרָה (H3384) 'and to teach'.
שָּׁ֑קֶרfalsehoodN c · שֶׁקֶר (H8267)Construct chain (genitival)שֶׁקֶר (H8267) 'falsehood'.
כִּ֣יforconj וְ · כִּי (H3588)Particle or relational elementכִּי (H3588) 'for'.
בָטַ֞חtrustingQal perf 3ms · בָּטַח (H982)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actבָּטַח (H982) 'trusting'.
יֹצֵ֤רhe had formedQal ptc ms · יָצַר (H3335)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorיָצַר (H3335) 'he had formed'.
יִצְרוֹ֙its inclinationN c · יֵצֶר (H3336)Construct chain (genitival)יֵצֶר (H3336) 'its inclination'.
עָלָ֔יוon itprep + sfx 3ms · עַל (H5921)Particle or relational elementעַל (H5921) 'on it'.
לַעֲשׂ֖וֹתto doprep + Qal inf constr · עָשָׂה (H6213)Infinitive construct→ Infinitive construct: purpose, result, or complementעָשָׂה (H6213) 'to do'.
אֱלִילִ֥יםthe idolsN c · אֱלִיל (H457)Construct chain (genitival)אֱלִיל (H457) 'the idols'.
אִלְּמִֽיםmuteAdj · אִלֵּם (H483)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אִלֵּם (H483) 'mute'.
19
ה֣וֹי אֹמֵ֤ר לָעֵץ֙ הָקִ֔יצָה ע֖וּרִי לְאֶ֣בֶן דּוּמָ֑ם ה֣וּא יוֹרֶ֔ה הִנֵּה ה֗וּא תָּפוּשׂ֙ זָהָ֣ב וָכֶ֔סֶף וְכָל ר֖וּחַ אֵ֥ין בְּקִרְבּֽוֹ
Woe to him that says to the wood, Awake; to the dumb stone, Arise, it shall teach! Behold, it laid over with gold and silver, and no breath at all in the midst of it.
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Participle — attendant circumstance or substantival actor. Lead predicate is 'he said'. Speech formula or quoted address.
Word-by-word analysis· 18 words
ה֣וֹיahparticle · הוֹי (H1945)Particle or relational elementהוֹי (H1945) 'ah'.
אֹמֵ֤רhe saidQal ptc ms · אָמַר (H559)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorאָמַר (H559) 'he said'.
לָעֵץ֙wood ofprep + art + N com m sg abs · עֵץ (H6086)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עֵץ (H6086) 'wood of'.
הָקִ֔יצָהariseHiphil impv 2ms + Sh · קוּץ (H6974)Predicate verb (imperative)→ Volitional: imperativeקוּץ (H6974) 'arise'.
ע֖וּרִיawakeQal impv 2fs · עוּר (H5782)Predicate verb (imperative)→ Volitional: imperativeעוּר (H5782) 'awake'.
לְאֶ֣בֶןas stoneprep + N com f sg constr · אֶבֶן (H68)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֶבֶן (H68) 'as stone'.
דּוּמָ֑םdumbN c · דּוּמָם (H1748)Construct chain (genitival)דּוּמָם (H1748) 'dumb'.
ה֣וּאhepron 3ms · הִיא (H1931)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)הִיא (H1931) 'he'.
יוֹרֶ֔הand to teachHiphil impf 3ms · יָרָה (H3384)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalיָרָה (H3384) 'and to teach'.
הִנֵּהbeholdadv. · הִנֵּה (H2009)Particle or relational elementהִנֵּה (H2009) 'behold'.
ה֗וּאhepron 3ms · הִיא (H1931)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)הִיא (H1931) 'he'.
תָּפוּשׂ֙to capture itQal ptc ms · תָּפַשׂ (H8610)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorתָּפַשׂ (H8610) 'to capture it'.
זָהָ֣בgoldN c · זָהָב (H2091)Construct chain (genitival)זָהָב (H2091) 'gold'.
וָכֶ֔סֶףand silverconj וְ + N com m sg abs · כֶּסֶף (H3701)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)כֶּסֶף (H3701) 'and silver'.
וְכָלand allconj וְ + N com m sg constr · כֹּל (H3605)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)כֹּל (H3605) 'and all'.
ר֖וּחַa spirit ofN c · רוּחַ (H7307)Construct chain (genitival)רוּחַ (H7307) 'a spirit of'.
אֵ֥יןthere is notneg. · אַיִן (H369)Particle or relational elementאַיִן (H369) 'there is not'.
בְּקִרְבּֽוֹin its midstprep + N com m sg constr + sfx 3ms · קֶרֶב (H7130)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)קֶרֶב (H7130) 'in its midst'.
20
וַֽיהוָ֖ה בְּהֵיכַ֣ל קָדְשׁ֑וֹ הַ֥ס מִפָּנָ֖יו כָּל הָאָֽרֶץ
But YHWH in his holy temple: let all the earth keep silence before him.
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Linked non-verbal clause. Closes the chapter.
Word-by-word analysis· 7 words
וַֽיהוָ֖הand YHWHconj וְ + N proper · יְהוָה (H3068)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוָה (H3068) 'and YHWH'.
בְּהֵיכַ֣לpalaceprep + N com m sg constr · הֵיכָל (H1964)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)הֵיכָל (H1964) 'palace'.
קָדְשׁ֑וֹholyN c · קֹדֶשׁ (H6944)Construct chain (genitival)קֹדֶשׁ (H6944) 'holy'.
הַ֥סSilence!particle · הָסָה (H2013)Particle or relational elementהָסָה (H2013) 'Silence!'.
מִפָּנָ֖יוbefore himprep + N com c pl constr + sfx 3ms · פָּנִים (H6440)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)פָּנִים (H6440) 'before him'.
כָּלallN c · כֹּל (H3605)Construct chain (genitival)כֹּל (H3605) 'all'.
הָאָֽרֶץthe landart + N com c sg abs · אֶרֶץ (H776)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֶרֶץ (H776) 'the land'.