Hebrew Text · Translation · Interlinear · Discourse Structure

The Book of Ezekiel, Chapter 27יחזקאל 27

Each verse opens with the running Hebrew, an English translation, and a discourse note (its connective, relation, and role in the argument). Below follows the word-by-word breakdown in six tiers: gloss, case/state or parsing, syntax, semantic force, and a lexical note.

Case Nominative Genitive Dative Accusative Vocative Verb (no case) Indeclinable

Discourse notes head each verse: relation · connective · clause-flow. Indentation marks prominence — flush-left = main line of argument; indented = supporting / subordinate material.

Theme

Ezekiel 27 (36 verses in the MT) opens: The word of YHWH came again to me, saying, The middle of the chapter continues: Dan also and Javan going to and fro occupied in your fairs: bright iron, cassia, and calamus, were in your market. It closes: The merchants among the people shall hiss at you; you shall be a terror, and never any more.

Translation & textual notes

The Hebrew base text here follows the Masoretic Text in the Leningrad tradition as represented by the Westminster Leningrad Codex / MorphHB diplomatic stream imported from OSHB; distinctively copyrighted apparatus from BHS or BHQ is not reproduced. Ezekiel 27 comprises 36 verses in MT order. Movement I (vv. 1-8) — The word of YHWH came again to me, saying. The word of YHWH came again to me, saying, Now, you son of man, take up a lamentation for Tyrus; And say to Tyrus, O you that are situate at the entry of the sea, a merchant of the people for many isles, Thus says YHWH YHWH; O Tyrus, you have said, I of perfect beauty. Your borders in the midst of the seas, your builders have perfected your beauty. They. Movement II (vv. 9-16) — The ancients of Gebal and the wise thereof were in you your calkers: all. The ancients of Gebal and the wise thereof were in you your calkers: all the ships of the sea with their mariners were in you to occupy your merchandise. They of Persia and of Lud and of Phut were in your army, your men of war: they hanged the shield and helmet in you; they set forth your comeliness. The men of Arvad with your army upon your walls round. Movement III (vv. 17-24) — Judah, and the land of Israel, they your merchants: they traded in your. Judah, and the land of Israel, they your merchants: they traded in your market wheat of Minnith, and Pannag, and honey, and oil, and balm. Damascus your merchant in the multitude of the wares of your making, for the multitude of all riches; in the wine of Helbon, and white wool. Dan also and Javan going to and fro occupied in your fairs: bright iron,. Movement IV (vv. 25-32) — The ships of Tarshish did sing of you in your market: and you wast reple. The ships of Tarshish did sing of you in your market: and you wast replenished, and made very glorious in the midst of the seas. Your rowers have brought you into great waters: the east wind has broken you in the midst of the seas. Your riches, and your fairs, your merchandise, your mariners, and your pilots, your calkers, and the occupiers of your. Movement V (vv. 33-36) — When your wares went forth out of the seas, you filledst many people; yo. When your wares went forth out of the seas, you filledst many people; you didst enrich the kings of the earth with the multitude of your riches and of your merchandise. In the time you shall be broken by the seas in the depths of the waters your merchandise and all your company in the midst of you shall fall. All the inhabitants of the isles shall be. Where English printed Bibles divide verses differently, this annotation follows MT versification throughout.

1

וַיְהִ֥י דְבַר יְהוָ֖ה אֵלַ֥י לֵאמֹֽר

The word of YHWH came again to me, saying,

Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action. Wayyehî scene-setting or temporal hinge. Opens the chapter. Speech formula or quoted address.
Word-by-word analysis· 5 words
וַיְהִ֥יand it happenedconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · הָיָה (H1961)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceהָיָה (H1961) 'and it happened'.
דְבַרthe matter ofN c · דָּבָר (H1697)Construct chain (genitival)דָּבָר (H1697) 'the matter of'.
יְהוָ֖הYHWHN · יְהוָה (H3068)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוָה (H3068) 'YHWH'.
אֵלַ֥יto meprep + sfx 1cs · אֶל (H413)Particle or relational elementאֶל (H413) 'to me'.
לֵאמֹֽרsayingprep + Qal inf constr · אָמַר (H559)Infinitive construct→ Infinitive construct: purpose, result, or complementאָמַר (H559) 'saying'.
2

וְאַתָּ֣ה בֶן אָדָ֔ם שָׂ֥א עַל צֹ֖ר קִינָֽה

Now, you son of man, take up a lamentation for Tyrus;

Imperative — volitional address
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Imperative — volitional address. Lead predicate is 'forgive'.
Word-by-word analysis· 7 words
וְאַתָּ֣הand youconj וְ + pron 2ms · אַתָּה (H859)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אַתָּה (H859) 'and you'.
בֶןson ofN c · בֵּן (H1121)Construct chain (genitival)בֵּן (H1121) 'son of'.
אָדָ֔םmanN c · אָדָם (H120)Construct chain (genitival)אָדָם (H120) 'man'.
שָׂ֥אforgiveQal impv 2ms · נָשָׂא (H5375)Predicate verb (imperative)→ Volitional: imperativeנָשָׂא (H5375) 'forgive'.
עַלonprep · עַל (H5921)Particle or relational elementעַל (H5921) 'on'.
צֹ֖רTyreN · צֹר (H6865)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)צֹר (H6865) 'Tyre'.
קִינָֽהlamentationN c · קִינָה (H7015)Construct chain (genitival)קִינָה (H7015) 'lamentation'.
3

וְאָמַרְתָּ֣ לְצ֗וֹר הישבתי הַיֹּשֶׁ֨בֶת֙ עַל מְבוֹאֹ֣ת יָ֔ם רֹכֶ֨לֶת֙ הָֽעַמִּ֔ים אֶל אִיִּ֖ים רַבִּ֑ים כֹּ֤ה אָמַר֙ אֲדֹנָ֣י יְהוִ֔ה צ֕וֹר אַ֣תְּ אָמַ֔רְתְּ אֲנִ֖י כְּלִ֥ילַת יֹֽפִי

And say to Tyrus, O you that are situate at the entry of the sea, a merchant of the people for many isles, Thus says YHWH YHWH; O Tyrus, you have said, I of perfect beauty.

Participle — attendant circumstance or substantival actor
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Participle — attendant circumstance or substantival actor. Lead predicate is 'the inhabitants of'.
Word-by-word analysis· 22 words
וְאָמַרְתָּ֣and you shall sayconj וְ + Qal q 2ms · אָמַר (H559)Particle or relational elementאָמַר (H559) 'and you shall say'.
לְצ֗וֹרTyreprep + N proper · צֹר (H6865)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)צֹר (H6865) 'Tyre'.
הישבתיthe inhabitants ofart + Qal ptc fs · יָשַׁב (H3427)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorיָשַׁב (H3427) 'the inhabitants of'.
הַיֹּשֶׁ֨בֶת֙the inhabitants ofart + Qal ptc fs · יָשַׁב (H3427)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorיָשַׁב (H3427) 'the inhabitants of'.
עַלonprep · עַל (H5921)Particle or relational elementעַל (H5921) 'on'.
מְבוֹאֹ֣תentryN c · מְבוֹאָה (H3997)Construct chain (genitival)מְבוֹאָה (H3997) 'entry'.
יָ֔םsea ofN c · יָם (H3220)Construct chain (genitival)יָם (H3220) 'sea of'.
רֹכֶ֨לֶת֙(spice) merchantQal ptc fs · רָכַל (H7402)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorרָכַל (H7402) '(spice) merchant'.
הָֽעַמִּ֔יםthe peoplesart + N com m pl abs · עַם (H5971)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עַם (H5971) 'the peoples'.
אֶלtoprep · אֶל (H413)Particle or relational elementאֶל (H413) 'to'.
אִיִּ֖יםcoastlands ofN c · אִי (H339)Construct chain (genitival)אִי (H339) 'coastlands of'.
רַבִּ֑יםmanyAdj · רַב (H7227)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)רַב (H7227) 'many'.
כֹּ֤הthusart · כֹּה (H3541)Particle or relational elementכֹּה (H3541) 'thus'.
אָמַר֙he saidQal perf 3ms · אָמַר (H559)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actאָמַר (H559) 'he said'.
אֲדֹנָ֣יmy LordN c · אֲדֹנָי (H136)Construct chain (genitival)אֲדֹנָי (H136) 'my Lord'.
יְהוִ֔הYHWHN · יְהוִה (H3069)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוִה (H3069) 'YHWH'.
צ֕וֹרTyreN · צֹר (H6865)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)צֹר (H6865) 'Tyre'.
אַ֣תְּyou arepron 2fs · אַתָּה (H859)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אַתָּה (H859) 'you are'.
אָמַ֔רְתְּhave saidQal perf 2fs · אָמַר (H559)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actאָמַר (H559) 'have said'.
אֲנִ֖יIpron 1cs · אֲנִי (H589)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֲנִי (H589) 'I'.
כְּלִ֥ילַתentirely ofAdj · כָּלִיל (H3632)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)כָּלִיל (H3632) 'entirely of'.
יֹֽפִיbeautyN c · יֳפִי (H3308)Construct chain (genitival)יֳפִי (H3308) 'beauty'.
4

בְּלֵ֥ב יַמִּ֖ים גְּבוּלָ֑יִךְ בֹּנַ֕יִךְ כָּלְל֖וּ יָפְיֵֽךְ

Your borders in the midst of the seas, your builders have perfected your beauty.

Participle — attendant circumstance or substantival actorasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Participle — attendant circumstance or substantival actor. Lead predicate is 'and he built'.
Word-by-word analysis· 6 words
בְּלֵ֥בin the heart ofprep + N com m sg constr · לֵב (H3820)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)לֵב (H3820) 'in the heart of'.
יַמִּ֖יםthe seasN c · יָם (H3220)Construct chain (genitival)יָם (H3220) 'the seas'.
גְּבוּלָ֑יִךְthe borderN c · גְּבוּל (H1366)Construct chain (genitival)גְּבוּל (H1366) 'the border'.
בֹּנַ֕יִךְand he builtQal ptc mp + sfx 2fs · בָּנָה (H1129)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorבָּנָה (H1129) 'and he built'.
כָּלְל֖וּ(make) perfectQal perf 3cp · כָּלַל (H3634)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actכָּלַל (H3634) '(make) perfect'.
יָפְיֵֽךְbeautyN c · יֳפִי (H3308)Construct chain (genitival)יֳפִי (H3308) 'beauty'.
5

בְּרוֹשִׁ֤ים מִשְּׂנִיר֙ בָּ֣נוּ לָ֔ךְ אֵ֖ת כָּל לֻֽחֹתָ֑יִם אֶ֤רֶז מִלְּבָנוֹן֙ לָקָ֔חוּ לַעֲשׂ֥וֹת תֹּ֖רֶן עָלָֽיִךְ

They have made all your boards of fir trees of Senir: they have taken cedars from Lebanon to make masts for you.

Qatal — perfective or stative predicationasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Qatal — perfective or stative predication. Lead predicate is 'had built'.
Word-by-word analysis· 13 words
בְּרוֹשִׁ֤יםfirN c · בְּרוֹשׁ (H1265)Construct chain (genitival)בְּרוֹשׁ (H1265) 'fir'.
מִשְּׂנִיר֙Senirprep + N proper · שְׂנִיר (H8149)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שְׂנִיר (H8149) 'Senir'.
בָּ֣נוּhad builtQal perf 3cp · בָּנָה (H1129)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actבָּנָה (H1129) 'had built'.
לָ֔ךְto youprep + sfx 2fsParticle or relational elementFunction word: 'to you'.
אֵ֖ת(obj)obj marker · אֵת (H853)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H853) '(obj)'.
כָּלallN c · כֹּל (H3605)Construct chain (genitival)כֹּל (H3605) 'all'.
לֻֽחֹתָ֑יִםtablets ofN c · לוּחַ (H3871)Construct chain (genitival)לוּחַ (H3871) 'tablets of'.
אֶ֤רֶזcedarN c · אֶרֶז (H730)Construct chain (genitival)אֶרֶז (H730) 'cedar'.
מִלְּבָנוֹן֙Lebanonprep + N proper · לְבָנוֹן (H3844)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)לְבָנוֹן (H3844) 'Lebanon'.
לָקָ֔חוּthey tookQal perf 3cp · לָקַח (H3947)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actלָקַח (H3947) 'they took'.
לַעֲשׂ֥וֹתto doprep + Qal inf constr · עָשָׂה (H6213)Infinitive construct→ Infinitive construct: purpose, result, or complementעָשָׂה (H6213) 'to do'.
תֹּ֖רֶןas / likeN c · תֹּרֶן (H8650)Construct chain (genitival)תֹּרֶן (H8650) 'as / like'.
עָלָֽיִךְupon youprep + sfx 2fs · עַל (H5921)Particle or relational elementעַל (H5921) 'upon you'.
6

אַלּוֹנִים֙ מִבָּ֔שָׁן עָשׂ֖וּ מִשּׁוֹטָ֑יִךְ קַרְשֵׁ֤ךְ עָֽשׂוּ שֵׁן֙ בַּת אֲשֻׁרִ֔ים מֵאִיֵּ֖י כתים כִּתִּיִּֽים

the oaks of Bashan have they made your oars; the company of the Ashurites have made your benches ivory, out of the isles of Chittim.

Qatal — perfective or stative predicationasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Qatal — perfective or stative predication. Lead predicate is 'they did'.
Word-by-word analysis· 12 words
אַלּוֹנִים֙the oakN c · אַלּוֹן (H437)Construct chain (genitival)אַלּוֹן (H437) 'the oak'.
מִבָּ֔שָׁןBashanprep + N proper · בָּשָׁן (H1316)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)בָּשָׁן (H1316) 'Bashan'.
עָשׂ֖וּthey didQal perf 3cp · עָשָׂה (H6213)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actעָשָׂה (H6213) 'they did'.
מִשּׁוֹטָ֑יִךְoarN c · מָשׁוֹט (H4880)Construct chain (genitival)מָשׁוֹט (H4880) 'oar'.
קַרְשֵׁ֤ךְthe boardN c · קֶרֶשׁ (H7175)Construct chain (genitival)קֶרֶשׁ (H7175) 'the board'.
עָֽשׂוּthey didQal perf 3cp · עָשָׂה (H6213)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actעָשָׂה (H6213) 'they did'.
שֵׁן֙toothN c · שֵׁן (H8127)Construct chain (genitival)שֵׁן (H8127) 'tooth'.
בַּתdaughter ofN c · בַּת (H1323)Construct chain (genitival)בַּת (H1323) 'daughter of'.
אֲשֻׁרִ֔יםAshuriteN · אֲשֻׁר (H839)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֲשֻׁר (H839) 'Ashurite'.
מֵאִיֵּ֖יcoastlands ofprep + N com m pl constr · אִי (H339)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אִי (H339) 'coastlands of'.
כתיםKittimN · כִּתִּים (H3794)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)כִּתִּים (H3794) 'Kittim'.
כִּתִּיִּֽיםKittimN · כִּתִּים (H3794)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)כִּתִּים (H3794) 'Kittim'.
7

שֵׁשׁ בְּרִקְמָ֤ה מִמִּצְרַ֨יִם֙ הָיָ֣ה מִפְרָשֵׂ֔ךְ לִהְי֥וֹת לָ֖ךְ לְנֵ֑ס תְּכֵ֧לֶת וְאַרְגָּמָ֛ן מֵאִיֵּ֥י אֱלִישָׁ֖ה הָיָ֥ה מְכַסֵּֽךְ

Fine linen with broidered work from Egypt was that which you spreadest forth to be your sail; blue and purple from the isles of Elishah was that which covered you.

Qatal — perfective or stative predicationasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Qatal — perfective or stative predication. Lead predicate is 'was'.
Word-by-word analysis· 14 words
שֵׁשׁfine linen,Adj · שֵׁשׁ (H8336)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שֵׁשׁ (H8336) 'fine linen,'.
בְּרִקְמָ֤הembroideryprep + N com f sg abs · רִקְמָה (H7553)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)רִקְמָה (H7553) 'embroidery'.
מִמִּצְרַ֨יִם֙from Egyptprep + N proper · מִצְרַיִם (H4714)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מִצְרַיִם (H4714) 'from Egypt'.
הָיָ֣הwasQal perf 3ms · הָיָה (H1961)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actהָיָה (H1961) 'was'.
מִפְרָשֵׂ֔ךְthat which...spreadest forthN c · מִפְרָשׂ (H4666)Construct chain (genitival)מִפְרָשׂ (H4666) 'that which...spreadest forth'.
לִהְי֥וֹתto beprep + Qal inf constr · הָיָה (H1961)Infinitive construct→ Infinitive construct: purpose, result, or complementהָיָה (H1961) 'to be'.
לָ֖ךְto youprep + sfx 2fsParticle or relational elementFunction word: 'to you'.
לְנֵ֑סa warning signprep + N com m sg abs · נֵס (H5251)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)נֵס (H5251) 'a warning sign'.
תְּכֵ֧לֶתblueN c · תְּכֵלֶת (H8504)Construct chain (genitival)תְּכֵלֶת (H8504) 'blue'.
וְאַרְגָּמָ֛ןand purpleconj וְ + N com m sg abs · אַרְגָּמָן (H713)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אַרְגָּמָן (H713) 'and purple'.
מֵאִיֵּ֥יcoastlands ofprep + N com m pl constr · אִי (H339)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אִי (H339) 'coastlands of'.
אֱלִישָׁ֖הElishahN · אֱלִישָׁה (H473)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֱלִישָׁה (H473) 'Elishah'.
הָיָ֥הwasQal perf 3ms · הָיָה (H1961)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actהָיָה (H1961) 'was'.
מְכַסֵּֽךְand the covering fatN c · מְכַסֶּה (H4374)Construct chain (genitival)מְכַסֶּה (H4374) 'and the covering fat'.
8

יֹשְׁבֵ֤י צִידוֹן֙ וְאַרְוַ֔ד הָי֥וּ שָׁטִ֖ים לָ֑ךְ חֲכָמַ֤יִךְ צוֹר֙ הָ֣יוּ בָ֔ךְ הֵ֖מָּה חֹבְלָֽיִךְ

The inhabitants of Zidon and Arvad were your mariners: your wise , O Tyrus, were in you, were your pilots.

Participle — attendant circumstance or substantival actorasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Participle — attendant circumstance or substantival actor. Lead predicate is 'the inhabitants of'.
Word-by-word analysis· 12 words
יֹשְׁבֵ֤יthe inhabitants ofQal ptc mp · יָשַׁב (H3427)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorיָשַׁב (H3427) 'the inhabitants of'.
צִידוֹן֙SidonN · צִידוֹן (H6721)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)צִידוֹן (H6721) 'Sidon'.
וְאַרְוַ֔דandconj וְ + N proper · אַרְוַד (H719)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אַרְוַד (H719) 'and'.
הָי֥וּwereQal perf 3cp · הָיָה (H1961)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actהָיָה (H1961) 'were'.
שָׁטִ֖יםfrom roamingQal ptc mp · שׁוּט (H7751)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorשׁוּט (H7751) 'from roaming'.
לָ֑ךְto youprep + sfx 2fsParticle or relational elementFunction word: 'to you'.
חֲכָמַ֤יִךְwise [of]Adj · חָכָם (H2450)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)חָכָם (H2450) 'wise [of]'.
צוֹר֙TyreN · צֹר (H6865)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)צֹר (H6865) 'Tyre'.
הָ֣יוּwereQal perf 3cp · הָיָה (H1961)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actהָיָה (H1961) 'were'.
בָ֔ךְamong youprep + sfx 2fsParticle or relational elementFunction word: 'among you'.
הֵ֖מָּהtheypron 3mp · הֵמָּה (H1992)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)הֵמָּה (H1992) 'they'.
חֹבְלָֽיִךְpilotN c · חֹבֵל (H2259)Construct chain (genitival)חֹבֵל (H2259) 'pilot'.
9

זִקְנֵ֨י גְבַ֤ל וַחֲכָמֶ֨יהָ֙ הָ֣יוּ בָ֔ךְ מַחֲזִיקֵ֖י בִּדְקֵ֑ךְ כָּל אֳנִיּ֨וֹת הַיָּ֤ם וּמַלָּֽחֵיהֶם֙ הָ֣יוּ בָ֔ךְ לַעֲרֹ֖ב מַעֲרָבֵֽךְ

The ancients of Gebal and the wise thereof were in you your calkers: all the ships of the sea with their mariners were in you to occupy your merchandise.

Qatal — perfective or stative predicationasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Qatal — perfective or stative predication. Lead predicate is 'were'.
Word-by-word analysis· 15 words
זִקְנֵ֨יthe elders ofAdj · זָקֵן (H2205)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)זָקֵן (H2205) 'the elders of'.
גְבַ֤לGebalN · גְּבַל (H1380)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)גְּבַל (H1380) 'Gebal'.
וַחֲכָמֶ֨יהָ֙wise [of]conj וְ + Adj + sfx 3fs · חָכָם (H2450)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)חָכָם (H2450) 'wise [of]'.
הָ֣יוּwereQal perf 3cp · הָיָה (H1961)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actהָיָה (H1961) 'were'.
בָ֔ךְamong youprep + sfx 2fsParticle or relational elementFunction word: 'among you'.
מַחֲזִיקֵ֖יbe strongHiphil ptc mp · חָזַק (H2388)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorחָזַק (H2388) 'be strong'.
בִּדְקֵ֑ךְbreachN c · בֶּדֶק (H919)Construct chain (genitival)בֶּדֶק (H919) 'breach'.
כָּלallN c · כֹּל (H3605)Construct chain (genitival)כֹּל (H3605) 'all'.
אֳנִיּ֨וֹתshipsN c · אֳנִיָּה (H591)Construct chain (genitival)אֳנִיָּה (H591) 'ships'.
הַיָּ֤םthe seaart + N com m sg abs · יָם (H3220)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יָם (H3220) 'the sea'.
וּמַלָּֽחֵיהֶם֙andconj וְ + N com m pl constr + sfx 3mp · מַלָּח (H4419)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מַלָּח (H4419) 'and'.
הָ֣יוּwereQal perf 3cp · הָיָה (H1961)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actהָיָה (H1961) 'were'.
בָ֔ךְamong youprep + sfx 2fsParticle or relational elementFunction word: 'among you'.
לַעֲרֹ֖בwill be surety for himprep + Qal inf constr · עָרַב (H6148)Infinitive construct→ Infinitive construct: purpose, result, or complementעָרַב (H6148) 'will be surety for him'.
מַעֲרָבֵֽךְmarketN c · מַעֲרָב (H4627)Construct chain (genitival)מַעֲרָב (H4627) 'market'.
10

פָּרַ֨ס וְל֤וּד וּפוּט֙ הָי֣וּ בְחֵילֵ֔ךְ אַנְשֵׁ֖י מִלְחַמְתֵּ֑ךְ מָגֵ֤ן וְכוֹבַע֙ תִּלּוּ בָ֔ךְ הֵ֖מָּה נָתְנ֥וּ הֲדָרֵֽךְ

They of Persia and of Lud and of Phut were in your army, your men of war: they hanged the shield and helmet in you; they set forth your comeliness.

Qatal — perfective or stative predicationasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Qatal — perfective or stative predication. Lead predicate is 'were'.
Word-by-word analysis· 14 words
פָּרַ֨סPersiaN · פָּרַס (H6539)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)פָּרַס (H6539) 'Persia'.
וְל֤וּדand Ludconj וְ + N proper · לוּד (H3865)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)לוּד (H3865) 'and Lud'.
וּפוּט֙and Putconj וְ + N proper · פּוּט (H6316)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)פּוּט (H6316) 'and Put'.
הָי֣וּwereQal perf 3cp · הָיָה (H1961)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actהָיָה (H1961) 'were'.
בְחֵילֵ֔ךְabilityprep + N com m sg constr + sfx 2fs · חַיִל (H2428)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)חַיִל (H2428) 'ability'.
אַנְשֵׁ֖יthe men ofN c · אִישׁ (H376)Construct chain (genitival)אִישׁ (H376) 'the men of'.
מִלְחַמְתֵּ֑ךְwarN c · מִלְחָמָה (H4421)Construct chain (genitival)מִלְחָמָה (H4421) 'war'.
מָגֵ֤ןthe shield ofN c · מָגֵן (H4043)Construct chain (genitival)מָגֵן (H4043) 'the shield of'.
וְכוֹבַע֙andconj וְ + N com m sg abs · כּוֹבַע (H3553)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)כּוֹבַע (H3553) 'and'.
תִּלּוּhe hangedPiel perf 3cp · תָּלָה (H8518)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actתָּלָה (H8518) 'he hanged'.
בָ֔ךְamong youprep + sfx 2fsParticle or relational elementFunction word: 'among you'.
הֵ֖מָּהtheypron 3mp · הֵמָּה (H1992)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)הֵמָּה (H1992) 'they'.
נָתְנ֥וּthey gaveQal perf 3cp · נָתַן (H5414)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actנָתַן (H5414) 'they gave'.
הֲדָרֵֽךְmajestyN c · הָדָר (H1926)Construct chain (genitival)הָדָר (H1926) 'majesty'.
11

בְּנֵ֧י אַרְוַ֣ד וְחֵילֵ֗ךְ עַל חוֹמוֹתַ֨יִךְ֙ סָבִ֔יב וְגַ֨מָּדִ֔ים בְּמִגְדְּלוֹתַ֖יִךְ הָי֑וּ שִׁלְטֵיהֶ֞ם תִּלּ֤וּ עַל חוֹמוֹתַ֨יִךְ֙ סָבִ֔יב הֵ֖מָּה כָּלְל֥וּ יָפְיֵֽךְ

The men of Arvad with your army upon your walls round about, and the Gammadims were in your towers: they hanged their shields upon your walls round about; they have made your beauty perfect.

Qatal — perfective or stative predicationasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Qatal — perfective or stative predication. Lead predicate is 'were'.
Word-by-word analysis· 17 words
בְּנֵ֧יthe sons ofN c · בֵּן (H1121)Construct chain (genitival)בֵּן (H1121) 'the sons of'.
אַרְוַ֣דArvadN · אַרְוַד (H719)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אַרְוַד (H719) 'Arvad'.
וְחֵילֵ֗ךְabilityconj וְ + N proper · חַיִל (H2428)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)חַיִל (H2428) 'ability'.
עַלonprep · עַל (H5921)Particle or relational elementעַל (H5921) 'on'.
חוֹמוֹתַ֨יִךְ֙the city-wallN c · חוֹמָה (H2346)Construct chain (genitival)חוֹמָה (H2346) 'the city-wall'.
סָבִ֔יבall aroundN c · סָבִיב (H5439)Construct chain (genitival)סָבִיב (H5439) 'all around'.
וְגַ֨מָּדִ֔יםandconj וְ + N proper · גַּמָּד (H1575)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)גַּמָּד (H1575) 'and'.
בְּמִגְדְּלוֹתַ֖יִךְand a towerprep + N com c pl constr + sfx 2fs · מִגְדָּל (H4026)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מִגְדָּל (H4026) 'and a tower'.
הָי֑וּwereQal perf 3cp · הָיָה (H1961)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actהָיָה (H1961) 'were'.
שִׁלְטֵיהֶ֞םshieldN c · שֶׁלֶט (H7982)Construct chain (genitival)שֶׁלֶט (H7982) 'shield'.
תִּלּ֤וּhe hangedPiel perf 3cp · תָּלָה (H8518)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actתָּלָה (H8518) 'he hanged'.
עַלonprep · עַל (H5921)Particle or relational elementעַל (H5921) 'on'.
חוֹמוֹתַ֨יִךְ֙the city-wallN c · חוֹמָה (H2346)Construct chain (genitival)חוֹמָה (H2346) 'the city-wall'.
סָבִ֔יבall aroundN c · סָבִיב (H5439)Construct chain (genitival)סָבִיב (H5439) 'all around'.
הֵ֖מָּהtheypron 3mp · הֵמָּה (H1992)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)הֵמָּה (H1992) 'they'.
כָּלְל֥וּ(make) perfectQal perf 3cp · כָּלַל (H3634)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actכָּלַל (H3634) '(make) perfect'.
יָפְיֵֽךְbeautyN c · יֳפִי (H3308)Construct chain (genitival)יֳפִי (H3308) 'beauty'.
12

תַּרְשִׁ֥ישׁ סֹחַרְתֵּ֖ךְ מֵרֹ֣ב כָּל ה֑וֹן בְּכֶ֤סֶף בַּרְזֶל֙ בְּדִ֣יל וְעוֹפֶ֔רֶת נָתְנ֖וּ עִזְבוֹנָֽיִךְ

Tarshish your merchant by reason of the multitude of all riches; with silver, iron, tin, and lead, they traded in your fairs.

Participle — attendant circumstance or substantival actor
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Participle — attendant circumstance or substantival actor. Lead predicate is 'to the merchant'.
Word-by-word analysis· 11 words
תַּרְשִׁ֥ישׁand TarshishN · תַּרְשִׁישׁ (H8659)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)תַּרְשִׁישׁ (H8659) 'and Tarshish'.
סֹחַרְתֵּ֖ךְto the merchantQal ptc fs + sfx 2fs · סָחַר (H5503)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorסָחַר (H5503) 'to the merchant'.
מֵרֹ֣בbecause of multitudeprep + N com c sg constr · רֹב (H7230)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)רֹב (H7230) 'because of multitude'.
כָּלallN c · כֹּל (H3605)Construct chain (genitival)כֹּל (H3605) 'all'.
ה֑וֹןenoughN c · הוֹן (H1952)Construct chain (genitival)הוֹן (H1952) 'enough'.
בְּכֶ֤סֶףfor silverprep + N com m sg abs · כֶּסֶף (H3701)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)כֶּסֶף (H3701) 'for silver'.
בַּרְזֶל֙ironN c · בַּרְזֶל (H1270)Construct chain (genitival)בַּרְזֶל (H1270) 'iron'.
בְּדִ֣ילthe tinN c · בְּדִיל (H913)Construct chain (genitival)בְּדִיל (H913) 'the tin'.
וְעוֹפֶ֔רֶתlike lead,conj וְ + N com f sg abs · עוֹפֶרֶת (H5777)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עוֹפֶרֶת (H5777) 'like lead,'.
נָתְנ֖וּthey gaveQal perf 3cp · נָתַן (H5414)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actנָתַן (H5414) 'they gave'.
עִזְבוֹנָֽיִךְfairN c · עִזָּבוֹן (H5801)Construct chain (genitival)עִזָּבוֹן (H5801) 'fair'.
13

יָוָ֤ן תֻּבַל֙ וָמֶ֔שֶׁךְ הֵ֖מָּה רֹֽכְלָ֑יִךְ בְּנֶ֤פֶשׁ אָדָם֙ וּכְלֵ֣י נְחֹ֔שֶׁת נָתְנ֖וּ מַעֲרָבֵֽךְ

Javan, Tubal, and Meshech, they your merchants: they traded the persons of men and vessels of brass in your market.

Participle — attendant circumstance or substantival actorasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Participle — attendant circumstance or substantival actor. Lead predicate is '(spice) merchant'.
Word-by-word analysis· 11 words
יָוָ֤ןJavanN · יָוָן (H3120)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יָוָן (H3120) 'Javan'.
תֻּבַל֙and TubalN · תֻּבַל (H8422)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)תֻּבַל (H8422) 'and Tubal'.
וָמֶ֔שֶׁךְand Meshechconj וְ + N proper · מֶשֶׁךְ (H4902)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מֶשֶׁךְ (H4902) 'and Meshech'.
הֵ֖מָּהtheypron 3mp · הֵמָּה (H1992)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)הֵמָּה (H1992) 'they'.
רֹֽכְלָ֑יִךְ(spice) merchantQal ptc mp + sfx 2fs · רָכַל (H7402)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorרָכַל (H7402) '(spice) merchant'.
בְּנֶ֤פֶשׁagainst the personprep + N com c sg constr · נֶפֶשׁ (H5315)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)נֶפֶשׁ (H5315) 'against the person'.
אָדָם֙manN c · אָדָם (H120)Construct chain (genitival)אָדָם (H120) 'man'.
וּכְלֵ֣יand articles ofconj וְ + N com m pl constr · כְּלִי (H3627)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)כְּלִי (H3627) 'and articles of'.
נְחֹ֔שֶׁתbronzeN c · נְחֹשֶׁת (H5178)Construct chain (genitival)נְחֹשֶׁת (H5178) 'bronze'.
נָתְנ֖וּthey gaveQal perf 3cp · נָתַן (H5414)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actנָתַן (H5414) 'they gave'.
מַעֲרָבֵֽךְmarketN c · מַעֲרָב (H4627)Construct chain (genitival)מַעֲרָב (H4627) 'market'.
14

מִבֵּ֖ית תּוֹגַרְמָ֑ה סוּסִ֤ים וּפָֽרָשִׁים֙ וּפְרָדִ֔ים נָתְנ֖וּ עִזְבוֹנָֽיִךְ

They of the house of Togarmah traded in your fairs with horses and horsemen and mules.

Qatal — perfective or stative predicationasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Qatal — perfective or stative predication. Lead predicate is 'they gave'.
Word-by-word analysis· 7 words
מִבֵּ֖יתfrom the house ofprep + N com m sg constr · בַּיִת (H1004)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)בַּיִת (H1004) 'from the house of'.
תּוֹגַרְמָ֑הand TogarmahN · תֹּגַרְמָה (H8425)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)תֹּגַרְמָה (H8425) 'and Togarmah'.
סוּסִ֤יםhorsesN c · סוּס (H5483)Construct chain (genitival)סוּס (H5483) 'horses'.
וּפָֽרָשִׁים֙and his horsemenconj וְ + N com m pl abs · פָּרָשׁ (H6571)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)פָּרָשׁ (H6571) 'and his horsemen'.
וּפְרָדִ֔יםmuleconj וְ + N com m pl abs · פֶּרֶד (H6505)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)פֶּרֶד (H6505) 'mule'.
נָתְנ֖וּthey gaveQal perf 3cp · נָתַן (H5414)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actנָתַן (H5414) 'they gave'.
עִזְבוֹנָֽיִךְfairN c · עִזָּבוֹן (H5801)Construct chain (genitival)עִזָּבוֹן (H5801) 'fair'.
15

בְּנֵ֤י דְדָן֙ רֹֽכְלַ֔יִךְ אִיִּ֥ים רַבִּ֖ים סְחֹרַ֣ת יָדֵ֑ךְ קַרְנ֥וֹת שֵׁן֙ והובנים וְהָבְנִ֔ים הֵשִׁ֖יבוּ אֶשְׁכָּרֵֽךְ

The men of Dedan your merchants; many isles the merchandise of your hand: they brought you a present horns of ivory and ebony.

Participle — attendant circumstance or substantival actorasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Participle — attendant circumstance or substantival actor. Lead predicate is '(spice) merchant'.
Word-by-word analysis· 13 words
בְּנֵ֤יthe sons ofN c · בֵּן (H1121)Construct chain (genitival)בֵּן (H1121) 'the sons of'.
דְדָן֙DedanN · דְּדָן (H1719)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)דְּדָן (H1719) 'Dedan'.
רֹֽכְלַ֔יִךְ(spice) merchantQal ptc mp + sfx 2fs · רָכַל (H7402)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorרָכַל (H7402) '(spice) merchant'.
אִיִּ֥יםcoastlands ofN c · אִי (H339)Construct chain (genitival)אִי (H339) 'coastlands of'.
רַבִּ֖יםmanyAdj · רַב (H7227)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)רַב (H7227) 'many'.
סְחֹרַ֣תmerchandiseN c · סְחֹרָה (H5506)Construct chain (genitival)סְחֹרָה (H5506) 'merchandise'.
יָדֵ֑ךְyour handN c · יָד (H3027)Construct chain (genitival)יָד (H3027) 'your hand'.
קַרְנ֥וֹתthe horns ofN c · קֶרֶן (H7161)Construct chain (genitival)קֶרֶן (H7161) 'the horns of'.
שֵׁן֙toothN c · שֵׁן (H8127)Construct chain (genitival)שֵׁן (H8127) 'tooth'.
והובניםandconj וְ + N com m pl abs · הֹבֶן (H1894)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)הֹבֶן (H1894) 'and'.
וְהָבְנִ֔יםandconj וְ + N com m pl abs · הֹבֶן (H1894)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)הֹבֶן (H1894) 'and'.
הֵשִׁ֖יבוּand he returnedHiphil perf 3cp · שׁוּב (H7725)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actשׁוּב (H7725) 'and he returned'.
אֶשְׁכָּרֵֽךְgiftN c · אֶשְׁכָּר (H814)Construct chain (genitival)אֶשְׁכָּר (H814) 'gift'.
16

אֲרָ֥ם סֹחַרְתֵּ֖ךְ מֵרֹ֣ב מַעֲשָׂ֑יִךְ בְּ֠נֹפֶךְ אַרְגָּמָ֨ן וְרִקְמָ֤ה וּבוּץ֙ וְרָאמֹ֣ת וְכַדְכֹּ֔ד נָתְנ֖וּ בְּעִזְבוֹנָֽיִךְ

Syria your merchant by reason of the multitude of the wares of your making: they occupied in your fairs with emeralds, purple, and broidered work, and fine linen, and coral, and agate.

Participle — attendant circumstance or substantival actorasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Participle — attendant circumstance or substantival actor. Lead predicate is 'to the merchant'.
Word-by-word analysis· 12 words
אֲרָ֥םAramN · אֲרָם (H758)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֲרָם (H758) 'Aram'.
סֹחַרְתֵּ֖ךְto the merchantQal ptc fs + sfx 2fs · סָחַר (H5503)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorסָחַר (H5503) 'to the merchant'.
מֵרֹ֣בbecause of multitudeprep + N com c sg constr · רֹב (H7230)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)רֹב (H7230) 'because of multitude'.
מַעֲשָׂ֑יִךְyour laborsN c · מַעֲשֶׂה (H4639)Construct chain (genitival)מַעֲשֶׂה (H4639) 'your labors'.
בְּ֠נֹפֶךְturquoise/malachiteprep + N com m sg abs · נֹפֶךְ (H5306)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)נֹפֶךְ (H5306) 'turquoise/malachite'.
אַרְגָּמָ֨ןpurpleN c · אַרְגָּמָן (H713)Construct chain (genitival)אַרְגָּמָן (H713) 'purple'.
וְרִקְמָ֤הembroideryconj וְ + N com f sg abs · רִקְמָה (H7553)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)רִקְמָה (H7553) 'embroidery'.
וּבוּץ֙andconj וְ + N com m sg abs · בּוּץ (H948)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)בּוּץ (H948) 'and'.
וְרָאמֹ֣תandconj וְ + N com f pl abs · רָאמָה (H7215)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)רָאמָה (H7215) 'and'.
וְכַדְכֹּ֔דagateconj וְ + N com m sg abs · כַּדְכֹּד (H3539)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)כַּדְכֹּד (H3539) 'agate'.
נָתְנ֖וּthey gaveQal perf 3cp · נָתַן (H5414)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actנָתַן (H5414) 'they gave'.
בְּעִזְבוֹנָֽיִךְinprep + N com m pl constr + sfx 2fs · עִזָּבוֹן (H5801)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עִזָּבוֹן (H5801) 'in'.
17

יְהוּדָה֙ וְאֶ֣רֶץ יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל הֵ֖מָּה רֹכְלָ֑יִךְ בְּחִטֵּ֣י מִ֠נִּית וּפַנַּ֨ג וּדְבַ֤שׁ וָשֶׁ֨מֶן֙ וָצֹ֔רִי נָתְנ֖וּ מַעֲרָבֵֽךְ

Judah, and the land of Israel, they your merchants: they traded in your market wheat of Minnith, and Pannag, and honey, and oil, and balm.

Participle — attendant circumstance or substantival actorasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Participle — attendant circumstance or substantival actor. Lead predicate is '(spice) merchant'.
Word-by-word analysis· 13 words
יְהוּדָה֙JudahN · יְהוּדָה (H3063)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוּדָה (H3063) 'Judah'.
וְאֶ֣רֶץand earthconj וְ + N com c sg constr · אֶרֶץ (H776)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֶרֶץ (H776) 'and earth'.
יִשְׂרָאֵ֔לIsraelN · יִשְׂרָאֵל (H3478)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יִשְׂרָאֵל (H3478) 'Israel'.
הֵ֖מָּהtheypron 3mp · הֵמָּה (H1992)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)הֵמָּה (H1992) 'they'.
רֹכְלָ֑יִךְ(spice) merchantQal ptc mp + sfx 2fs · רָכַל (H7402)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorרָכַל (H7402) '(spice) merchant'.
בְּחִטֵּ֣יwheatprep + N com f pl constr · חִטָּה (H2406)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)חִטָּה (H2406) 'wheat'.
מִ֠נִּיתMinnithN · מִנִּית (H4511)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מִנִּית (H4511) 'Minnith'.
וּפַנַּ֨גandconj וְ + N com m sg abs · פַּנַּג (H6436)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)פַּנַּג (H6436) 'and'.
וּדְבַ֤שׁand honeyconj וְ + N com m sg abs · דְּבַשׁ (H1706)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)דְּבַשׁ (H1706) 'and honey'.
וָשֶׁ֨מֶן֙and oilconj וְ + N com m sg abs · שֶׁמֶן (H8081)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שֶׁמֶן (H8081) 'and oil'.
וָצֹ֔רִיand balmconj וְ + N com m sg abs · צֳרִי (H6875)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)צֳרִי (H6875) 'and balm'.
נָתְנ֖וּthey gaveQal perf 3cp · נָתַן (H5414)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actנָתַן (H5414) 'they gave'.
מַעֲרָבֵֽךְmarketN c · מַעֲרָב (H4627)Construct chain (genitival)מַעֲרָב (H4627) 'market'.
18

דַּמֶּ֧שֶׂק סֹחַרְתֵּ֛ךְ בְּרֹ֥ב מַעֲשַׂ֖יִךְ מֵרֹ֣ב כָּל ה֑וֹן בְּיֵ֥ין חֶלְבּ֖וֹן וְצֶ֥מֶר צָֽחַר

Damascus your merchant in the multitude of the wares of your making, for the multitude of all riches; in the wine of Helbon, and white wool.

Participle — attendant circumstance or substantival actorasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Participle — attendant circumstance or substantival actor. Lead predicate is 'to the merchant'.
Word-by-word analysis· 11 words
דַּמֶּ֧שֶׂקDamascusN · דַּמֶּשֶׂק (H1834)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)דַּמֶּשֶׂק (H1834) 'Damascus'.
סֹחַרְתֵּ֛ךְto the merchantQal ptc fs + sfx 2fs · סָחַר (H5503)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorסָחַר (H5503) 'to the merchant'.
בְּרֹ֥בfor multitudeprep + N com c sg constr · רֹב (H7230)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)רֹב (H7230) 'for multitude'.
מַעֲשַׂ֖יִךְyour laborsN c · מַעֲשֶׂה (H4639)Construct chain (genitival)מַעֲשֶׂה (H4639) 'your labors'.
מֵרֹ֣בbecause of multitudeprep + N com c sg constr · רֹב (H7230)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)רֹב (H7230) 'because of multitude'.
כָּלallN c · כֹּל (H3605)Construct chain (genitival)כֹּל (H3605) 'all'.
ה֑וֹןenoughN c · הוֹן (H1952)Construct chain (genitival)הוֹן (H1952) 'enough'.
בְּיֵ֥יןin wineprep + N com m sg constr · יַיִן (H3196)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יַיִן (H3196) 'in wine'.
חֶלְבּ֖וֹןHelbahN · חֶלְבּוֹן (H2463)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)חֶלְבּוֹן (H2463) 'Helbah'.
וְצֶ֥מֶרwoolconj וְ + N com m sg constr · צֶמֶר (H6785)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)צֶמֶר (H6785) 'wool'.
צָֽחַרwhiteN c · צַחַר (H6713)Construct chain (genitival)צַחַר (H6713) 'white'.
19

וְדָ֤ן וְיָוָן֙ מְאוּזָּ֔ל בְּעִזְבוֹנַ֖יִךְ נָתָ֑נּוּ בַּרְזֶ֤ל עָשׁוֹת֙ קִדָּ֣ה וְקָנֶ֔ה בְּמַעֲרָבֵ֖ךְ הָיָֽה

Dan also and Javan going to and fro occupied in your fairs: bright iron, cassia, and calamus, were in your market.

Qatal — perfective or stative predicationasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Qatal — perfective or stative predication. Lead predicate is 'they gave'.
Word-by-word analysis· 11 words
וְדָ֤ןDan alsoN · וְדָן (H2051)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)וְדָן (H2051) 'Dan also'.
וְיָוָן֙and Javanconj וְ + N proper · יָוָן (H3120)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יָוָן (H3120) 'and Javan'.
מְאוּזָּ֔לUzalprep + N proper · אוּזָל (H187)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אוּזָל (H187) 'Uzal'.
בְּעִזְבוֹנַ֖יִךְinprep + N com m pl constr + sfx 2fs · עִזָּבוֹן (H5801)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עִזָּבוֹן (H5801) 'in'.
נָתָ֑נּוּthey gaveQal perf 3cp · נָתַן (H5414)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actנָתַן (H5414) 'they gave'.
בַּרְזֶ֤לironN c · בַּרְזֶל (H1270)Construct chain (genitival)בַּרְזֶל (H1270) 'iron'.
עָשׁוֹת֙brightAdj · עָשׁוֹת (H6219)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עָשׁוֹת (H6219) 'bright'.
קִדָּ֣הand cassiaN c · קִדָּה (H6916)Construct chain (genitival)קִדָּה (H6916) 'and cassia'.
וְקָנֶ֔הand its shaftconj וְ + N com m sg abs · קָנֶה (H7070)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)קָנֶה (H7070) 'and its shaft'.
בְּמַעֲרָבֵ֖ךְinprep + N com m sg constr + sfx 2fs · מַעֲרָב (H4627)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מַעֲרָב (H4627) 'in'.
הָיָֽהwasQal perf 3ms · הָיָה (H1961)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actהָיָה (H1961) 'was'.
20

דְּדָן֙ רֹֽכַלְתֵּ֔ךְ בְבִגְדֵי חֹ֖פֶשׁ לְרִכְבָּֽה

Dedan your merchant in precious clothes for chariots.

Participle — attendant circumstance or substantival actorasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Participle — attendant circumstance or substantival actor. Lead predicate is '(spice) merchant'.
Word-by-word analysis· 5 words
דְּדָן֙DedanN · דְּדָן (H1719)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)דְּדָן (H1719) 'Dedan'.
רֹֽכַלְתֵּ֔ךְ(spice) merchantQal ptc fs + sfx 2fs · רָכַל (H7402)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorרָכַל (H7402) '(spice) merchant'.
בְבִגְדֵיhis garmentsprep + N com m pl constr · בֶּגֶד (H899)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)בֶּגֶד (H899) 'his garments'.
חֹ֖פֶשׁpreciousN c · חֹפֶשׁ (H2667)Construct chain (genitival)חֹפֶשׁ (H2667) 'precious'.
לְרִכְבָּֽהtoprep + N com f sg abs · רִכְבָּה (H7396)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)רִכְבָּה (H7396) 'to'.
21

עֲרַב֙ וְכָל נְשִׂיאֵ֣י קֵדָ֔ר הֵ֖מָּה סֹחֲרֵ֣י יָדֵ֑ךְ בְּכָרִ֤ים וְאֵילִים֙ וְעַתּוּדִ֔ים בָּ֖ם סֹחֲרָֽיִךְ

Arabia, and all the princes of Kedar, they occupied with you in lambs, and rams, and goats: in these your merchants.

Participle — attendant circumstance or substantival actorasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Participle — attendant circumstance or substantival actor. Lead predicate is 'to the merchant'.
Word-by-word analysis· 12 words
עֲרַב֙ArabiaN · עֲרָב (H6152)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עֲרָב (H6152) 'Arabia'.
וְכָלand allconj וְ + N com m sg constr · כֹּל (H3605)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)כֹּל (H3605) 'and all'.
נְשִׂיאֵ֣יchiefs ofN c · נָשִׂיא (H5387)Construct chain (genitival)נָשִׂיא (H5387) 'chiefs of'.
קֵדָ֔רand KedarN · קֵדָר (H6938)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)קֵדָר (H6938) 'and Kedar'.
הֵ֖מָּהtheypron 3mp · הֵמָּה (H1992)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)הֵמָּה (H1992) 'they'.
סֹחֲרֵ֣יto the merchantQal ptc mp · סָחַר (H5503)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorסָחַר (H5503) 'to the merchant'.
יָדֵ֑ךְyour handN c · יָד (H3027)Construct chain (genitival)יָד (H3027) 'your hand'.
בְּכָרִ֤יםlambsprep + N com m pl abs · כַּר (H3733)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)כַּר (H3733) 'lambs'.
וְאֵילִים֙and ramsconj וְ + N com m pl abs · אַיִל (H352)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אַיִל (H352) 'and rams'.
וְעַתּוּדִ֔יםand goatsconj וְ + N com m pl abs · עַתּוּד (H6260)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עַתּוּד (H6260) 'and goats'.
בָּ֖םagainst themprep + sfx 3mpParticle or relational elementFunction word: 'against them'.
סֹחֲרָֽיִךְto the merchantQal ptc mp + sfx 2fs · סָחַר (H5503)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorסָחַר (H5503) 'to the merchant'.
22

רֹכְלֵ֤י שְׁבָא֙ וְרַעְמָ֔ה הֵ֖מָּה רֹכְלָ֑יִךְ בְּרֹ֨אשׁ כָּל בֹּ֜שֶׂם וּבְכָל אֶ֤בֶן יְקָרָה֙ וְזָהָ֔ב נָתְנ֖וּ עִזְבוֹנָֽיִךְ

The merchants of Sheba and Raamah, they your merchants: they occupied in your fairs with chief of all spices, and with all precious stones, and gold.

Participle — attendant circumstance or substantival actorasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Participle — attendant circumstance or substantival actor. Lead predicate is '(spice) merchant'.
Word-by-word analysis· 14 words
רֹכְלֵ֤י(spice) merchantQal ptc mp · רָכַל (H7402)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorרָכַל (H7402) '(spice) merchant'.
שְׁבָא֙ShebaN · שְׁבָא (H7614)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שְׁבָא (H7614) 'Sheba'.
וְרַעְמָ֔הand Raamahconj וְ + N proper · רַעְמָה (H7484)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)רַעְמָה (H7484) 'and Raamah'.
הֵ֖מָּהtheypron 3mp · הֵמָּה (H1992)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)הֵמָּה (H1992) 'they'.
רֹכְלָ֑יִךְ(spice) merchantQal ptc mp + sfx 2fs · רָכַל (H7402)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorרָכַל (H7402) '(spice) merchant'.
בְּרֹ֨אשׁon the top ofprep + N com m sg constr · רֹאשׁ (H7218)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)רֹאשׁ (H7218) 'on the top of'.
כָּלallN c · כֹּל (H3605)Construct chain (genitival)כֹּל (H3605) 'all'.
בֹּ֜שֶׂםfragrantN c · בֶּשֶׂם (H1314)Construct chain (genitival)בֶּשֶׂם (H1314) 'fragrant'.
וּבְכָלand with allconj וְ + prep + N com m sg constr · כֹּל (H3605)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)כֹּל (H3605) 'and with all'.
אֶ֤בֶןa stoneN c · אֶבֶן (H68)Construct chain (genitival)אֶבֶן (H68) 'a stone'.
יְקָרָה֙brightnessAdj · יָקָר (H3368)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יָקָר (H3368) 'brightness'.
וְזָהָ֔בand goldconj וְ + N com m sg abs · זָהָב (H2091)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)זָהָב (H2091) 'and gold'.
נָתְנ֖וּthey gaveQal perf 3cp · נָתַן (H5414)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actנָתַן (H5414) 'they gave'.
עִזְבוֹנָֽיִךְfairN c · עִזָּבוֹן (H5801)Construct chain (genitival)עִזָּבוֹן (H5801) 'fair'.
23

חָרָ֤ן וְכַנֵּה֙ וָעֶ֔דֶן רֹכְלֵ֖י שְׁבָ֑א אַשּׁ֖וּר כִּלְמַ֥ד רֹכַלְתֵּֽךְ

Haran, and Canneh, and Eden, the merchants of Sheba, Asshur, Chilmad, your merchants.

Participle — attendant circumstance or substantival actorasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Participle — attendant circumstance or substantival actor. Lead predicate is '(spice) merchant'.
Word-by-word analysis· 8 words
חָרָ֤ןHaranN · חָרָן (H2771)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)חָרָן (H2771) 'Haran'.
וְכַנֵּה֙andconj וְ + N proper · כַּנֶּה (H3656)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)כַּנֶּה (H3656) 'and'.
וָעֶ֔דֶןEdenconj וְ + N proper · עֶדֶן (H5729)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עֶדֶן (H5729) 'Eden'.
רֹכְלֵ֖י(spice) merchantQal ptc mp · רָכַל (H7402)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorרָכַל (H7402) '(spice) merchant'.
שְׁבָ֑אShebaN · שְׁבָא (H7614)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שְׁבָא (H7614) 'Sheba'.
אַשּׁ֖וּרAsshurN · אַשּׁוּר (H804)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אַשּׁוּר (H804) 'Asshur'.
כִּלְמַ֥דChilmadN · כִּלְמָד (H3638)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)כִּלְמָד (H3638) 'Chilmad'.
רֹכַלְתֵּֽךְ(spice) merchantQal ptc fs + sfx 2fs · רָכַל (H7402)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorרָכַל (H7402) '(spice) merchant'.
24

הֵ֤מָּה רֹכְלַ֨יִךְ֙ בְּמַכְלֻלִ֔ים בִּגְלוֹמֵי֙ תְּכֵ֣לֶת וְרִקְמָ֔ה וּבְגִנְזֵ֖י בְּרֹמִ֑ים בַּחֲבָלִ֧ים חֲבֻשִׁ֛ים וַאֲרֻזִ֖ים בְּמַרְכֻלְתֵּֽךְ

These your merchants in all sorts , in blue clothes, and broidered work, and in chests of rich apparel, bound with cords, and made of cedar, among your merchandise.

Participle — attendant circumstance or substantival actorasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Participle — attendant circumstance or substantival actor. Lead predicate is '(spice) merchant'.
Word-by-word analysis· 12 words
הֵ֤מָּהtheypron 3mp · הֵמָּה (H1992)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)הֵמָּה (H1992) 'they'.
רֹכְלַ֨יִךְ֙(spice) merchantQal ptc mp + sfx 2fs · רָכַל (H7402)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorרָכַל (H7402) '(spice) merchant'.
בְּמַכְלֻלִ֔יםinprep + N com m pl abs · מִכְלֻל (H4360)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מִכְלֻל (H4360) 'in'.
בִּגְלוֹמֵי֙inprep + N com m pl constr · גְּלוֹם (H1545)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)גְּלוֹם (H1545) 'in'.
תְּכֵ֣לֶתblueN c · תְּכֵלֶת (H8504)Construct chain (genitival)תְּכֵלֶת (H8504) 'blue'.
וְרִקְמָ֔הembroideryconj וְ + N com f sg abs · רִקְמָה (H7553)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)רִקְמָה (H7553) 'embroidery'.
וּבְגִנְזֵ֖יandconj וְ + prep + N com m pl constr · גֶּנֶז (H1595)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)גֶּנֶז (H1595) 'and'.
בְּרֹמִ֑יםrich apparelN c · בְּרוֹם (H1264)Construct chain (genitival)בְּרוֹם (H1264) 'rich apparel'.
בַּחֲבָלִ֧יםthe region ofprep + N com c pl abs · חֶבֶל (H2256)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)חֶבֶל (H2256) 'the region of'.
חֲבֻשִׁ֛יםand he saddledQal ptc mp · חָבַשׁ (H2280)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorחָבַשׁ (H2280) 'and he saddled'.
וַאֲרֻזִ֖יםandconj וְ + Adj · אָרַז (H729)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אָרַז (H729) 'and'.
בְּמַרְכֻלְתֵּֽךְinprep + N com f sg constr + sfx 2fs · מַרְכֹּלֶת (H4819)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מַרְכֹּלֶת (H4819) 'in'.
25

אֳנִיּ֣וֹת תַּרְשִׁ֔ישׁ שָׁרוֹתַ֖יִךְ מַעֲרָבֵ֑ךְ וַתִּמָּלְאִ֧י וַֽתִּכְבְּדִ֛י מְאֹ֖ד בְּלֵ֥ב יַמִּֽים

The ships of Tarshish did sing of you in your market: and you wast replenished, and made very glorious in the midst of the seas.

Participle — attendant circumstance or substantival actorasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Participle — attendant circumstance or substantival actor.
Word-by-word analysis· 9 words
אֳנִיּ֣וֹתshipsN c · אֳנִיָּה (H591)Construct chain (genitival)אֳנִיָּה (H591) 'ships'.
תַּרְשִׁ֔ישׁand TarshishN · תַּרְשִׁישׁ (H8659)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)תַּרְשִׁישׁ (H8659) 'and Tarshish'.
שָׁרוֹתַ֖יִךְandQal ptc fp + sfx 2fs · שׁוּר (H7788)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorשׁוּר (H7788) 'and'.
מַעֲרָבֵ֑ךְmarketN c · מַעֲרָב (H4627)Construct chain (genitival)מַעֲרָב (H4627) 'market'.
וַתִּמָּלְאִ֧יhe wholly followedconj וְ + Niphal wayyiqtol 2fs · מָלֵא (H4390)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceמָלֵא (H4390) 'he wholly followed'.
וַֽתִּכְבְּדִ֛יand he hardenedconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 2fs · כָּבֵד (H3513)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceכָּבֵד (H3513) 'and he hardened'.
מְאֹ֖דveryart · מְאֹד (H3966)Particle or relational elementמְאֹד (H3966) 'very'.
בְּלֵ֥בin the heart ofprep + N com m sg constr · לֵב (H3820)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)לֵב (H3820) 'in the heart of'.
יַמִּֽיםthe seasN c · יָם (H3220)Construct chain (genitival)יָם (H3220) 'the seas'.
26

בְּמַ֤יִם רַבִּים֙ הֱבִיא֔וּךְ הַשָּׁטִ֖ים אֹתָ֑ךְ ר֚וּחַ הַקָּדִ֔ים שְׁבָרֵ֖ךְ בְּלֵ֥ב יַמִּֽים

Your rowers have brought you into great waters: the east wind has broken you in the midst of the seas.

Qatal — perfective or stative predicationasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Qatal — perfective or stative predication. Lead predicate is 'and they came'.
Word-by-word analysis· 10 words
בְּמַ֤יִםin waterprep + N com m pl abs · מַיִם (H4325)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מַיִם (H4325) 'in water'.
רַבִּים֙manyAdj · רַב (H7227)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)רַב (H7227) 'many'.
הֱבִיא֔וּךְand they cameHiphil perf 3cp + sfx 2fs · בּוֹא (H935)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actבּוֹא (H935) 'and they came'.
הַשָּׁטִ֖יםfrom roamingart + Qal ptc mp · שׁוּט (H7751)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorשׁוּט (H7751) 'from roaming'.
אֹתָ֑ךְyou [obj]obj marker + sfx 2fs · אֵת (H853)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H853) 'you [obj]'.
ר֚וּחַa spirit ofN c · רוּחַ (H7307)Construct chain (genitival)רוּחַ (H7307) 'a spirit of'.
הַקָּדִ֔יםthe eastart + N com m sg abs · קָדִים (H6921)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)קָדִים (H6921) 'the east'.
שְׁבָרֵ֖ךְyou shall breakQal perf 3ms + sfx 2fs · שָׁבַר (H7665)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actשָׁבַר (H7665) 'you shall break'.
בְּלֵ֥בin the heart ofprep + N com m sg constr · לֵב (H3820)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)לֵב (H3820) 'in the heart of'.
יַמִּֽיםthe seasN c · יָם (H3220)Construct chain (genitival)יָם (H3220) 'the seas'.
27

הוֹנֵךְ֙ וְעִזְבוֹנַ֔יִךְ מַעֲרָבֵ֕ךְ מַלָּחַ֖יִךְ וְחֹבְלָ֑יִךְ מַחֲזִיקֵ֣י בִדְקֵ֣ך וְֽעֹרְבֵ֣י מַ֠עֲרָבֵךְ וְכָל אַנְשֵׁ֨י מִלְחַמְתֵּ֜ךְ אֲשֶׁר בָּ֗ךְ וּבְכָל קְהָלֵךְ֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר בְּתוֹכֵ֔ךְ יִפְּלוּ֙ בְּלֵ֣ב יַמִּ֔ים בְּי֖וֹם מַפַּלְתֵּֽךְ

Your riches, and your fairs, your merchandise, your mariners, and your pilots, your calkers, and the occupiers of your merchandise, and all your men of war, that in you, and in all your company which in the midst of you, shall fall into the midst of the seas in the day of your ruin.

Participle — attendant circumstance or substantival actorasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Participle — attendant circumstance or substantival actor. Lead predicate is 'be strong'.
Word-by-word analysis· 23 words
הוֹנֵךְ֙enoughN c · הוֹן (H1952)Construct chain (genitival)הוֹן (H1952) 'enough'.
וְעִזְבוֹנַ֔יִךְandconj וְ + N com m pl constr + sfx 2fs · עִזָּבוֹן (H5801)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עִזָּבוֹן (H5801) 'and'.
מַעֲרָבֵ֕ךְmarketN c · מַעֲרָב (H4627)Construct chain (genitival)מַעֲרָב (H4627) 'market'.
מַלָּחַ֖יִךְmarinerN c · מַלָּח (H4419)Construct chain (genitival)מַלָּח (H4419) 'mariner'.
וְחֹבְלָ֑יִךְandconj וְ + N com m pl constr + sfx 2fs · חֹבֵל (H2259)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)חֹבֵל (H2259) 'and'.
מַחֲזִיקֵ֣יbe strongHiphil ptc mp · חָזַק (H2388)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorחָזַק (H2388) 'be strong'.
בִדְקֵ֣ךbreachN c · בֶּדֶק (H919)Construct chain (genitival)בֶּדֶק (H919) 'breach'.
וְֽעֹרְבֵ֣יwill be surety for himconj וְ + Qal ptc mp · עָרַב (H6148)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorעָרַב (H6148) 'will be surety for him'.
מַ֠עֲרָבֵךְmarketN c · מַעֲרָב (H4627)Construct chain (genitival)מַעֲרָב (H4627) 'market'.
וְכָלand allconj וְ + N com m sg constr · כֹּל (H3605)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)כֹּל (H3605) 'and all'.
אַנְשֵׁ֨יthe men ofN c · אִישׁ (H376)Construct chain (genitival)אִישׁ (H376) 'the men of'.
מִלְחַמְתֵּ֜ךְwarN c · מִלְחָמָה (H4421)Construct chain (genitival)מִלְחָמָה (H4421) 'war'.
אֲשֶׁרthatrel. שֶׁ · אֲשֶׁר (H834)Particle or relational elementאֲשֶׁר (H834) 'that'.
בָּ֗ךְamong youprep + sfx 2fsParticle or relational elementFunction word: 'among you'.
וּבְכָלand with allconj וְ + prep + N com m sg constr · כֹּל (H3605)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)כֹּל (H3605) 'and with all'.
קְהָלֵךְ֙the assemblyN c · קָהָל (H6951)Construct chain (genitival)קָהָל (H6951) 'the assembly'.
אֲשֶׁ֣רthatrel. שֶׁ · אֲשֶׁר (H834)Particle or relational elementאֲשֶׁר (H834) 'that'.
בְּתוֹכֵ֔ךְin the midst ofprep + N com m sg constr + sfx 2fs · תָּוֶךְ (H8432)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)תָּוֶךְ (H8432) 'in the midst of'.
יִפְּלוּ֙shall fallQal impf 3mp · נָפַל (H5307)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalנָפַל (H5307) 'shall fall'.
בְּלֵ֣בin the heart ofprep + N com m sg constr · לֵב (H3820)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)לֵב (H3820) 'in the heart of'.
יַמִּ֔יםthe seasN c · יָם (H3220)Construct chain (genitival)יָם (H3220) 'the seas'.
בְּי֖וֹםon the dayprep + N com m sg constr · יוֹם (H3117)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יוֹם (H3117) 'on the day'.
מַפַּלְתֵּֽךְcarcassN c · מַפֶּלֶת (H4658)Construct chain (genitival)מַפֶּלֶת (H4658) 'carcass'.
28

לְק֖וֹל זַעֲקַ֣ת חֹבְלָ֑יִךְ יִרְעֲשׁ֖וּ מִגְרֹשֽׁוֹת

The suburbs shall shake at the sound of the cry of your pilots.

Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-orientedasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'shook'.
Word-by-word analysis· 5 words
לְק֖וֹלto the voice ofprep + N com m sg constr · קוֹל (H6963)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)קוֹל (H6963) 'to the voice of'.
זַעֲקַ֣תoutcry ofN c · זַעֲקָה (H2201)Construct chain (genitival)זַעֲקָה (H2201) 'outcry of'.
חֹבְלָ֑יִךְpilotN c · חֹבֵל (H2259)Construct chain (genitival)חֹבֵל (H2259) 'pilot'.
יִרְעֲשׁ֖וּshookQal impf 3mp · רָעַשׁ (H7493)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalרָעַשׁ (H7493) 'shook'.
מִגְרֹשֽׁוֹתits pasturelandsN c · מִגְרָשׁ (H4054)Construct chain (genitival)מִגְרָשׁ (H4054) 'its pasturelands'.
29

וְֽיָרְד֞וּ מֵאָנִיּֽוֹתֵיהֶ֗ם כֹּ֚ל תֹּפְשֵׂ֣י מָשׁ֔וֹט מַלָּחִ֕ים כֹּ֖ל חֹבְלֵ֣י הַיָּ֑ם אֶל הָאָ֖רֶץ יַעֲמֹֽדוּ

And all that handle the oar, the mariners, all the pilots of the sea, shall come down from their ships, they shall stand upon the land;

Participle — attendant circumstance or substantival actor
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Participle — attendant circumstance or substantival actor. Lead predicate is 'those who handled'.
Word-by-word analysis· 12 words
וְֽיָרְד֞וּand they went downconj וְ + Qal q 3cp · יָרַד (H3381)Particle or relational elementיָרַד (H3381) 'and they went down'.
מֵאָנִיּֽוֹתֵיהֶ֗םshipsprep + N com f pl constr + sfx 3mp · אֳנִיָּה (H591)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֳנִיָּה (H591) 'ships'.
כֹּ֚לallN c · כֹּל (H3605)Construct chain (genitival)כֹּל (H3605) 'all'.
תֹּפְשֵׂ֣יthose who handledQal ptc mp · תָּפַשׂ (H8610)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorתָּפַשׂ (H8610) 'those who handled'.
מָשׁ֔וֹטoarN c · מָשׁוֹט (H4880)Construct chain (genitival)מָשׁוֹט (H4880) 'oar'.
מַלָּחִ֕יםmarinerN c · מַלָּח (H4419)Construct chain (genitival)מַלָּח (H4419) 'mariner'.
כֹּ֖לallN c · כֹּל (H3605)Construct chain (genitival)כֹּל (H3605) 'all'.
חֹבְלֵ֣יpilotN c · חֹבֵל (H2259)Construct chain (genitival)חֹבֵל (H2259) 'pilot'.
הַיָּ֑םthe seaart + N com m sg abs · יָם (H3220)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יָם (H3220) 'the sea'.
אֶלtoprep · אֶל (H413)Particle or relational elementאֶל (H413) 'to'.
הָאָ֖רֶץthe landart + N com c sg abs · אֶרֶץ (H776)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֶרֶץ (H776) 'the land'.
יַעֲמֹֽדוּshall standQal impf 3mp · עָמַד (H5975)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalעָמַד (H5975) 'shall stand'.
30

וְהִשְׁמִ֤יעוּ עָלַ֨יִךְ֙ בְּקוֹלָ֔ם וְיִזְעֲק֖וּ מָרָ֑ה וְיַעֲל֤וּ עָֽפָר֙ עַל רָ֣אשֵׁיהֶ֔ם בָּאֵ֖פֶר יִתְפַּלָּֽשׁוּ

And shall cause their voice to be heard against you, and shall cry bitterly, and shall cast up dust upon their heads, they shall wallow themselves in the ashes:

Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'and they cried out'.
Word-by-word analysis· 11 words
וְהִשְׁמִ֤יעוּand he heardconj וְ + Hiphil q 3cp · שָׁמַע (H8085)Particle or relational elementשָׁמַע (H8085) 'and he heard'.
עָלַ֨יִךְ֙upon youprep + sfx 2fs · עַל (H5921)Particle or relational elementעַל (H5921) 'upon you'.
בְּקוֹלָ֔םto the voice ofprep + N com m sg constr + sfx 3mp · קוֹל (H6963)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)קוֹל (H6963) 'to the voice of'.
וְיִזְעֲק֖וּand they cried outconj וְ + Qal impf 3mp · זָעַק (H2199)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalזָעַק (H2199) 'and they cried out'.
מָרָ֑הof bitternessAdj · מַר (H4751)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מַר (H4751) 'of bitterness'.
וְיַעֲל֤וּand they went upconj וְ + Hiphil impf 3mp · עָלָה (H5927)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalעָלָה (H5927) 'and they went up'.
עָֽפָר֙dustN c · עָפָר (H6083)Construct chain (genitival)עָפָר (H6083) 'dust'.
עַלonprep · עַל (H5921)Particle or relational elementעַל (H5921) 'on'.
רָ֣אשֵׁיהֶ֔םtheir topsN c · רֹאשׁ (H7218)Construct chain (genitival)רֹאשׁ (H7218) 'their tops'.
בָּאֵ֖פֶרthe ashes ofprep + art + N com m sg abs · אֵפֶר (H665)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֵפֶר (H665) 'the ashes of'.
יִתְפַּלָּֽשׁוּandHithpael impf 3mp · פָּלַשׁ (H6428)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalפָּלַשׁ (H6428) 'and'.
31

וְהִקְרִ֤יחוּ אֵלַ֨יִךְ֙ קָרְחָ֔ה וְחָגְר֖וּ שַׂקִּ֑ים וּבָכ֥וּ אֵלַ֛יִךְ בְּמַר נֶ֖פֶשׁ מִסְפֵּ֥ד מָֽר

And they shall make themselves utterly bald for you, and gird them with sackcloth, and they shall weep for you with bitterness of heart bitter wailing.

Linked non-verbal clause
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Linked non-verbal clause.
Word-by-word analysis· 11 words
וְהִקְרִ֤יחוּthey shall make baldconj וְ + Hiphil q 3cp · קָרַח (H7139)Particle or relational elementקָרַח (H7139) 'they shall make bald'.
אֵלַ֨יִךְ֙to youprep + sfx 2fs · אֶל (H413)Particle or relational elementאֶל (H413) 'to you'.
קָרְחָ֔הbaldnessN c · קָרְחָה (H7144)Construct chain (genitival)קָרְחָה (H7144) 'baldness'.
וְחָגְר֖וּgirdedconj וְ + Qal q 3cp · חָגַר (H2296)Particle or relational elementחָגַר (H2296) 'girded'.
שַׂקִּ֑יםsacksN c · שַׂק (H8242)Construct chain (genitival)שַׂק (H8242) 'sacks'.
וּבָכ֥וּand they weptconj וְ + Qal q 3cp · בָּכָה (H1058)Particle or relational elementבָּכָה (H1058) 'and they wept'.
אֵלַ֛יִךְto youprep + sfx 2fs · אֶל (H413)Particle or relational elementאֶל (H413) 'to you'.
בְּמַרof bitternessprep + Adj · מַר (H4751)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מַר (H4751) 'of bitterness'.
נֶ֖פֶשׁa personN c · נֶפֶשׁ (H5315)Construct chain (genitival)נֶפֶשׁ (H5315) 'a person'.
מִסְפֵּ֥דlamentationN c · מִסְפֵּד (H4553)Construct chain (genitival)מִסְפֵּד (H4553) 'lamentation'.
מָֽרof bitternessAdj · מַר (H4751)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מַר (H4751) 'of bitterness'.
32

וְנָשְׂא֨וּ אֵלַ֤יִךְ בְּנִיהֶם֙ קִינָ֔ה וְקוֹנְנ֖וּ עָלָ֑יִךְ מִ֣י כְצ֔וֹר כְּדֻמָ֖ה בְּת֥וֹךְ הַיָּֽם

And in their wailing they shall take up a lamentation for you, and lament over you, , What like Tyrus, like the destroyed in the midst of the sea?

Linked non-verbal clause
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Linked non-verbal clause.
Word-by-word analysis· 11 words
וְנָשְׂא֨וּand they will bearconj וְ + Qal q 3cp · נָשָׂא (H5375)Particle or relational elementנָשָׂא (H5375) 'and they will bear'.
אֵלַ֤יִךְto youprep + sfx 2fs · אֶל (H413)Particle or relational elementאֶל (H413) 'to you'.
בְּנִיהֶם֙inprep + N com m sg constr + sfx 3mp · נִי (H5204)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)נִי (H5204) 'in'.
קִינָ֔הlamentationN c · קִינָה (H7015)Construct chain (genitival)קִינָה (H7015) 'lamentation'.
וְקוֹנְנ֖וּandconj וְ + Polel q 3cp · קוּן (H6969)Particle or relational elementקוּן (H6969) 'and'.
עָלָ֑יִךְupon youprep + sfx 2fs · עַל (H5921)Particle or relational elementעַל (H5921) 'upon you'.
מִ֣יwhointerrog. · מִי (H4310)Particle or relational elementמִי (H4310) 'who'.
כְצ֔וֹרTyreprep + N proper · צֹר (H6865)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)צֹר (H6865) 'Tyre'.
כְּדֻמָ֖הas / likeprep + N com f sg abs · דֻּמָּה (H1822)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)דֻּמָּה (H1822) 'as / like'.
בְּת֥וֹךְin the midst ofprep + N com m sg constr · תָּוֶךְ (H8432)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)תָּוֶךְ (H8432) 'in the midst of'.
הַיָּֽםthe seaart + N com m sg abs · יָם (H3220)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יָם (H3220) 'the sea'.
33

בְּצֵ֤את עִזְבוֹנַ֨יִךְ֙ מִיַּמִּ֔ים הִשְׂבַּ֖עַתְּ עַמִּ֣ים רַבִּ֑ים בְּרֹ֤ב הוֹנַ֨יִךְ֙ וּמַ֣עֲרָבַ֔יִךְ הֶעֱשַׁ֖רְתְּ מַלְכֵי אָֽרֶץ

When your wares went forth out of the seas, you filledst many people; you didst enrich the kings of the earth with the multitude of your riches and of your merchandise.

Infinitive construct — purpose, result, or complementasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Infinitive construct — purpose, result, or complement. Lead predicate is 'at the going out of'.
Word-by-word analysis· 12 words
בְּצֵ֤אתat the going out ofprep + Qal inf constr · יָצָא (H3318)Infinitive construct→ Infinitive construct: purpose, result, or complementיָצָא (H3318) 'at the going out of'.
עִזְבוֹנַ֨יִךְ֙fairN c · עִזָּבוֹן (H5801)Construct chain (genitival)עִזָּבוֹן (H5801) 'fair'.
מִיַּמִּ֔יםthe seaprep + N com m pl abs · יָם (H3220)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יָם (H3220) 'the sea'.
הִשְׂבַּ֖עַתְּand be satisfiedHiphil perf 2fs · שָׂבַע (H7646)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actשָׂבַע (H7646) 'and be satisfied'.
עַמִּ֣יםpeoplesN c · עַם (H5971)Construct chain (genitival)עַם (H5971) 'peoples'.
רַבִּ֑יםmanyAdj · רַב (H7227)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)רַב (H7227) 'many'.
בְּרֹ֤בfor multitudeprep + N com c sg constr · רֹב (H7230)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)רֹב (H7230) 'for multitude'.
הוֹנַ֨יִךְ֙enoughN c · הוֹן (H1952)Construct chain (genitival)הוֹן (H1952) 'enough'.
וּמַ֣עֲרָבַ֔יִךְandconj וְ + N com m pl constr + sfx 2fs · מַעֲרָב (H4627)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מַעֲרָב (H4627) 'and'.
הֶעֱשַׁ֖רְתְּmade richHiphil perf 2fs · עָשַׁר (H6238)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actעָשַׁר (H6238) 'made rich'.
מַלְכֵיkings ofN c · מֶלֶךְ (H4428)Construct chain (genitival)מֶלֶךְ (H4428) 'kings of'.
אָֽרֶץthe land ofN c · אֶרֶץ (H776)Construct chain (genitival)אֶרֶץ (H776) 'the land of'.
34

עֵ֛ת נִשְׁבֶּ֥רֶת מִיַּמִּ֖ים בְּמַֽעֲמַקֵּי מָ֑יִם מַעֲרָבֵ֥ךְ וְכָל קְהָלֵ֖ךְ בְּתוֹכֵ֥ךְ נָפָֽלוּ

In the time you shall be broken by the seas in the depths of the waters your merchandise and all your company in the midst of you shall fall.

Qatal — perfective or stative predicationasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Qatal — perfective or stative predication. Lead predicate is 'have fallen'.
Word-by-word analysis· 10 words
עֵ֛תtimesN c · עֵת (H6256)Construct chain (genitival)עֵת (H6256) 'times'.
נִשְׁבֶּ֥רֶתyou shall breakN · שָׁבַר (H7665)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שָׁבַר (H7665) 'you shall break'.
מִיַּמִּ֖יםthe seaprep + N com m pl abs · יָם (H3220)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יָם (H3220) 'the sea'.
בְּמַֽעֲמַקֵּיdeepprep + N com m pl constr · מַעֲמָק (H4615)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מַעֲמָק (H4615) 'deep'.
מָ֑יִםwaterN c · מַיִם (H4325)Construct chain (genitival)מַיִם (H4325) 'water'.
מַעֲרָבֵ֥ךְmarketN c · מַעֲרָב (H4627)Construct chain (genitival)מַעֲרָב (H4627) 'market'.
וְכָלand allconj וְ + N com m sg constr · כֹּל (H3605)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)כֹּל (H3605) 'and all'.
קְהָלֵ֖ךְthe assemblyN c · קָהָל (H6951)Construct chain (genitival)קָהָל (H6951) 'the assembly'.
בְּתוֹכֵ֥ךְin the midst ofprep + N com m sg constr + sfx 2fs · תָּוֶךְ (H8432)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)תָּוֶךְ (H8432) 'in the midst of'.
נָפָֽלוּhave fallenQal perf 3cp · נָפַל (H5307)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actנָפַל (H5307) 'have fallen'.
35

כֹּ֚ל יֹשְׁבֵ֣י הָאִיִּ֔ים שָׁמְמ֖וּ עָלָ֑יִךְ וּמַלְכֵיהֶם֙ שָׂ֣עֲרוּ שַׂ֔עַר רָעֲמ֖וּ פָּנִֽים

All the inhabitants of the isles shall be astonished at you, and their kings shall be sore afraid, they shall be troubled in countenance.

Participle — attendant circumstance or substantival actorasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Participle — attendant circumstance or substantival actor. Lead predicate is 'the inhabitants of'.
Word-by-word analysis· 10 words
כֹּ֚לallN c · כֹּל (H3605)Construct chain (genitival)כֹּל (H3605) 'all'.
יֹשְׁבֵ֣יthe inhabitants ofQal ptc mp · יָשַׁב (H3427)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorיָשַׁב (H3427) 'the inhabitants of'.
הָאִיִּ֔יםcoastlands ofart + N com m pl abs · אִי (H339)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אִי (H339) 'coastlands of'.
שָׁמְמ֖וּand I will desolateQal perf 3cp · שָׁמֵם (H8074)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actשָׁמֵם (H8074) 'and I will desolate'.
עָלָ֑יִךְupon youprep + sfx 2fs · עַל (H5921)Particle or relational elementעַל (H5921) 'upon you'.
וּמַלְכֵיהֶם֙the kingconj וְ + N com m pl constr + sfx 3mp · מֶלֶךְ (H4428)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מֶלֶךְ (H4428) 'the king'.
שָׂ֣עֲרוּthey fearedQal perf 3cp · שָׂעַר (H8175)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actשָׂעַר (H8175) 'they feared'.
שַׂ֔עַרaffrightedN c · שַׂעַר (H8178)Construct chain (genitival)שַׂעַר (H8178) 'affrighted'.
רָעֲמ֖וּmake to fretQal perf 3cp · רָעַם (H7481)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actרָעַם (H7481) 'make to fret'.
פָּנִֽיםfaceN c · פָּנִים (H6440)Construct chain (genitival)פָּנִים (H6440) 'face'.
36

סֹֽחֲרִים֙ בָּ֣עַמִּ֔ים שָׁרְק֖וּ עָלָ֑יִךְ בַּלָּה֣וֹת הָיִ֔ית וְאֵינֵ֖ךְ עַד עוֹלָֽם

The merchants among the people shall hiss at you; you shall be a terror, and never any more.

Participle — attendant circumstance or substantival actorasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Participle — attendant circumstance or substantival actor. Lead predicate is 'traders'. Closes the chapter.
Word-by-word analysis· 9 words
סֹֽחֲרִים֙tradersQal ptc mp · סָחַר (H5503)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorסָחַר (H5503) 'traders'.
בָּ֣עַמִּ֔יםamong the peoplesprep + art + N com m pl abs · עַם (H5971)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עַם (H5971) 'among the peoples'.
שָׁרְק֖וּandQal perf 3cp · שָׁרַק (H8319)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actשָׁרַק (H8319) 'and'.
עָלָ֑יִךְupon youprep + sfx 2fs · עַל (H5921)Particle or relational elementעַל (H5921) 'upon you'.
בַּלָּה֣וֹתterrorN c · בַּלָּהָה (H1091)Construct chain (genitival)בַּלָּהָה (H1091) 'terror'.
הָיִ֔יתyou wereQal perf 2fs · הָיָה (H1961)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actהָיָה (H1961) 'you were'.
וְאֵינֵ֖ךְthere is notconj וְ + neg. + sfx 2fs · אַיִן (H369)Particle or relational elementאַיִן (H369) 'there is not'.
עַדuntilprep · עַד (H5704)Particle or relational elementעַד (H5704) 'until'.
עוֹלָֽםperpetuityN c · עוֹלָם (H5769)Construct chain (genitival)עוֹלָם (H5769) 'perpetuity'.