1
וְאֶת הַמִּשְׁכָּ֥ן תַּעֲשֶׂ֖ה עֶ֣שֶׂר יְרִיעֹ֑ת שֵׁ֣שׁ מָשְׁזָ֗ר וּתְכֵ֤לֶת וְאַרְגָּמָן֙ וְתֹלַ֣עַת שָׁנִ֔י כְּרֻבִ֛ים מַעֲשֵׂ֥ה חֹשֵׁ֖ב תַּעֲשֶׂ֥ה אֹתָֽם
Moreover you shall make the tabernacle with ten curtains of finely twisted linen, blue, purple, and scarlet yarn, with cherubim worked into them, the work of a skilled designer.
Opens the tabernacle-proper instructions with the standing formula תַּעֲשֶׂה, 'you shall make'; the ten inner curtains of dyed linen and cherubim-figures form the tabernacle's innermost, most sacred fabric layer, matching the veil's material and craftsmanship in v.31.
Word-by-word analysis· 16 words
וְאֶתand [obj]conj וְ + obj marker · אֵת (H853)Conjunction + direct-object marker (definite object)אֵת (H853) nota accusativi; marks הַמִּשְׁכָּן as the definite direct object of תַּעֲשֶׂה.
הַמִּשְׁכָּ֥ןthe tabernacleart + N m sg abs · מִשְׁכָּן (H4908)Direct objectמִשְׁכָּן (H4908) 'dwelling place, tabernacle', from שָׁכַן 'to dwell'; the portable sanctuary where YHWH dwells among Israel.
תַּעֲשֶׂ֖הyou shall makeQal impf 2ms · עָשָׂה (H6213)Predicate verb (main clause)→ Yiqtol: imperfective/modal — instructional future, a commandעָשָׂה (H6213) 'to make, do'; the chapter's Leitwort, repeated some twenty times as the refrain of construction instructions.
עֶ֣שֶׂרtenNum f sg abs · עֶשֶׂר (H6235)Numeral modifying יְרִיעֹתעֶשֶׂר (H6235) 'ten'; specifies the number of curtains forming the tent-roof.
יְרִיעֹ֑תcurtainsN f pl abs · יְרִיעָה (H3407)Direct object (second object of תַּעֲשֶׂה)יְרִיעָה (H3407) 'curtain, tent-cloth'; the individual linen sheets sewn together to form the inner tent-roof of the tabernacle.
שֵׁ֣שׁof fine linenN f/c sg abs · שֵׁשׁ (H8336)Adverbial accusative of materialשֵׁשׁ (H8336) 'fine (Egyptian) linen'; the premium white linen thread used as the curtains' base material.
מָשְׁזָ֗רtwistedHophal ptc pass m sg abs · שָׁזַר (H7806)Attributive participle modifying שֵׁשׁ→ Passive participle: a state resulting from a completed process — tightly twistedשָׁזַר (H7806) 'to twist, twine'; passive participle describing thread tightly twisted (multi-ply) for strength and sheen.
וּתְכֵ֤לֶתand blueconj וְ + N f sg abs · תְּכֵלֶת (H8504)Coordinate noun (material list)תְּכֵלֶת (H8504) 'blue-violet (yarn/dye)', from a marine-mollusk dye; one of the tabernacle's three sacred dye colors.
וְאַרְגָּמָן֙and purpleconj וְ + N m sg abs · אַרְגָּמָן (H713)Coordinate noun (material list)אַרְגָּמָן (H713) 'purple/red-purple (yarn/dye)'; a costly shellfish dye marking royalty and sanctity.
וְתֹלַ֣עַתand crimsonconj וְ + N f sg constr · תוֹלַעַת (H8438)Construct chain (genitival), coordinate nounתּוֹלַעַת (H8438) 'worm, crimson (scale-insect dye)'; construct with שָׁנִי forming the fixed phrase for scarlet stuff.
שָׁנִ֔יstuffN m sg abs · שָׁנִי (H8144)Genitive (absolute of construct chain)שָׁנִי (H8144) 'scarlet, crimson'; completes תּוֹלַעַת שָׁנִי, the red dye from the kermes insect.
כְּרֻבִ֛יםcherubimN m pl abs · כְּרוּב (H3742)Direct object (of implied 'with cherubim')כְּרוּב (H3742) 'cherub', a winged guardian being; woven into the curtains as in the veil (v.31), evoking Eden's guardian imagery.
מַעֲשֵׂ֥הthe work ofN m sg constr · מַעֲשֶׂה (H4639)Construct chain (genitival, apposition)מַעֲשֶׂה (H4639) 'work, deed', from עָשָׂה; construct governing חֹשֵׁב, 'the work of a designer'.
חֹשֵׁ֖בa skilled designerQal ptc m sg abs · חָשַׁב (H2803)Genitive complement of מַעֲשֵׂה (substantival participle)→ Participle: characterizing an ongoing craft-skill, not a single actחָשַׁב (H2803) 'to think, plan, devise'; the participle denotes a skilled artisan who devises figured weaving.
תַּעֲשֶׂ֥הyou shall makeQal impf 2ms · עָשָׂה (H6213)Predicate verb (resumptive, main clause)→ Yiqtol: imperfective/modal — instructional futureעָשָׂה (H6213) 'to make'; resumes the command after the material list, now taking אֹתָם as its object.
אֹתָֽםthemobj marker + 3mp suffix · אֵת (H853)Direct-object pronoun (resumptive direct object)אֵת (H853) with 3mp suffix; refers back to עֶשֶׂר יְרִיעֹת, the ten curtains.
2
אֹ֣רֶךְ הַיְרִיעָ֣ה הָֽאַחַ֗ת שְׁמֹנֶ֤ה וְעֶשְׂרִים֙ בָּֽאַמָּ֔ה וְרֹ֨חַב֙ אַרְבַּ֣ע בָּאַמָּ֔ה הַיְרִיעָ֖ה הָאֶחָ֑ת מִדָּ֥ה אַחַ֖ת לְכָל הַיְרִיעֹֽת
The length of each curtain shall be twenty-eight cubits, and the width of each curtain four cubits; all the curtains shall have the same measurement.
Gives the precise uniform dimensions (28×4 cubits) for each of the ten curtains, subordinate to the general command of v.1.
Word-by-word analysis· 15 words
אֹ֣רֶךְthe length ofN m sg constr · אֹרֶךְ (H753)Subject (construct, casus pendens)אֹרֶךְ (H753) 'length', from אָרַךְ 'to be long'; opens the dimension formula repeated for each fabric panel.
הַיְרִיעָ֣הthe curtainart + N f sg abs · יְרִיעָה (H3407)Genitive (of construct אֹרֶךְ)יְרִיעָה (H3407) 'curtain'; individuated here by the following הָאַחַת, 'each single curtain'.
הָֽאַחַ֗תeach oneart + Num f sg abs · אֶחָד (H259)Apposition (distributive 'each')אֶחָד (H259) 'one'; with the article functions distributively, 'each single (curtain)'.
שְׁמֹנֶ֤הeightNum f sg abs · שְׁמֹנֶה (H8083)Numeral (construct with וְעֶשְׂרִים forming '28')שְׁמֹנֶה (H8083) 'eight'; combined with עֶשְׂרִים for the compound number twenty-eight.
וְעֶשְׂרִים֙and twentyconj וְ + Num com pl abs · עֶשְׂרִים (H6242)Numeral (predicate complement)עֶשְׂרִים (H6242) 'twenty', pl. of עֶשֶׂר; joined with שְׁמֹנֶה = 28 cubits (c. 12.3 m), the curtain's length.
בָּֽאַמָּ֔הcubitsprep בְּ + art + N f sg abs · אַמָּה (H520)Adverbial prepositional phrase of measureאַמָּה (H520) 'cubit', a forearm-length unit (~45 cm); the tabernacle's standard unit of measure.
וְרֹ֨חַב֙and the width ofconj וְ + N m sg constr · רֹחַב (H7341)Coordinate subject (construct)רֹחַב (H7341) 'breadth, width', from רָחַב 'to be wide'; the second dimension given for each curtain.
אַרְבַּ֣עfourNum f sg abs · אַרְבַּע (H702)Numeral (predicate)אַרְבַּע (H702) 'four'; the width in cubits (~1.8 m) of each curtain.
בָּאַמָּ֔הcubitsprep בְּ + art + N f sg abs · אַמָּה (H520)Adverbial prepositional phrase of measureאַמָּה (H520) 'cubit'; repeats the standard measuring unit for the width figure.
הַיְרִיעָ֖הthe curtainart + N f sg abs · יְרִיעָה (H3407)Subject (resumptive apposition)יְרִיעָה (H3407) 'curtain'; resumed in apposition before the closing distributive אֶחָד.
הָאֶחָ֑תeach oneart + Num f sg abs · אֶחָד (H259)Apposition (distributive)אֶחָד (H259) 'one'; distributive, 'each single (curtain),' closing the dimension formula.
מִדָּ֥הmeasurementN f sg abs · מִדָּה (H4060)Subject (summary statement)מִדָּה (H4060) 'measure, dimension', from מָדַד 'to measure'; a summarizing statement that all ten curtains share one uniform size.
אַחַ֖תone/the sameNum f sg abs · אַחַת (H259)Predicate adjective (numeral, 'a single/same measure')אַחַת (H259) fem. of אֶחָד 'one'; here idiomatic for 'a single, uniform' measurement.
לְכָלfor allprep לְ + N m sg constr · כֹּל (H3605)Prepositional phrase (distributive, 'for each of')כֹּל (H3605) 'all, every, whole'; construct with הַיְרִיעֹת, distributing the uniform measure across every curtain.
הַיְרִיעֹֽתthe curtainsart + N f pl abs · יְרִיעָה (H3407)Genitive (object of לְכָל)יְרִיעָה (H3407) pl.; the full set of ten curtains, each sharing the stated measure.
3
חֲמֵ֣שׁ הַיְרִיעֹ֗ת תִּֽהְיֶ֨יןָ֙ חֹֽבְרֹ֔ת אִשָּׁ֖ה אֶל אֲחֹתָ֑הּ וְחָמֵ֤שׁ יְרִיעֹת֙ חֹֽבְרֹ֔ת אִשָּׁ֖ה אֶל אֲחֹתָֽהּ
Five curtains shall be joined to one another, and the other five curtains joined to one another.
Specifies how the ten curtains are grouped into two sets of five before being joined into the full tent-roof in vv.4-6.
Word-by-word analysis· 13 words
חֲמֵ֣שׁfiveNum f sg constr · חָמֵשׁ (H2568)Numeral (construct, subject)חָמֵשׁ (H2568) 'five'; specifies half of the ten curtains, to be joined into one panel.
הַיְרִיעֹ֗תthe curtainsart + N f pl abs · יְרִיעָה (H3407)Subject (genitive of numeral construct)יְרִיעָה (H3407) pl.; the ten linen curtains of v.1, now grouped in sets of five.
תִּֽהְיֶ֨יןָ֙shall beQal impf 3fp · הָיָה (H1961)Predicate verb (main clause)→ Yiqtol: instructional future — the resulting state to be brought aboutהָיָה (H1961) 'to be, become'; here with participle חֹבְרֹת forms a periphrastic 'shall be joined'.
חֹֽבְרֹ֔תjoinedQal ptc f pl abs · חָבַר (H2266)Predicate complement (periphrastic with תִּהְיֶיןָ)→ Participle: describing the ongoing/resultant joined stateחָבַר (H2266) 'to join, unite'; the technical verb for attaching curtain-panels into a single sheet.
אִשָּׁ֖הeachN f sg abs · אִשָּׁה (H802)Adverbial accusative (distributive idiom 'each to')אִשָּׁה (H802) 'woman'; idiomatic distributive, paired with אֲחֹתָהּ 'her sister' = 'one to another'.
אֶלtoprep · אֶל (H413)Prepositional phrase (goal)אֶל (H413) 'to, toward'; completes the reciprocal idiom אִשָּׁה אֶל אֲחֹתָהּ.
אֲחֹתָ֑הּher companionN f sg constr + 3fs suffix · אָחוֹת (H269)Object of preposition (reciprocal idiom)אָחוֹת (H269) 'sister'; with אִשָּׁה forms the fixed reciprocal phrase 'each to the other,' i.e. edge-to-edge.
וְחָמֵ֤שׁand fiveconj + Num f sg constr · חָמֵשׁ (H2568)Coordinate numeral (subject)חָמֵשׁ (H2568) 'five'; the second set of curtains, joined internally like the first.
יְרִיעֹת֙curtainsN f pl abs · יְרִיעָה (H3407)Subjectיְרִיעָה (H3407) pl.; the second five-curtain panel.
חֹֽבְרֹ֔תjoinedQal ptc f pl abs · חָבַר (H2266)Predicate complement (periphrastic, elliptical הָיָה)→ Participle: describing the ongoing/resultant joined stateחָבַר (H2266) 'to join'; repeats the joining of the second panel's curtains to one another.
אִשָּׁ֖הeachN f sg abs · אִשָּׁה (H802)Adverbial accusative (distributive idiom)אִשָּׁה (H802) idiomatic distributive, 'each to another'.
אֶלtoprep · אֶל (H413)Prepositional phrase (goal)אֶל (H413) 'to, toward'; completes the reciprocal idiom for the second panel.
אֲחֹתָֽהּher companionN f sg constr + 3fs suffix · אָחוֹת (H269)Object of preposition (reciprocal idiom)אָחוֹת (H269) 'sister'; closes the reciprocal phrase for the second five-curtain set.
4
וְעָשִׂ֜יתָ לֻֽלְאֹ֣ת תְּכֵ֗לֶת עַ֣ל שְׂפַ֤ת הַיְרִיעָה֙ הָאֶחָ֔ת מִקָּצָ֖ה בַּחֹבָ֑רֶת וְכֵ֤ן תַּעֲשֶׂה֙ בִּשְׂפַ֣ת הַיְרִיעָ֔ה הַקִּ֣יצוֹנָ֔ה בַּמַּחְבֶּ֖רֶת הַשֵּׁנִֽית
You shall make loops of blue on the edge of the outermost curtain of the first set, at the point of joining; and likewise you shall make them on the edge of the outermost curtain of the second set.
Introduces the blue loops sewn along the outer edge of each five-curtain set, preparing for the gold clasps of v.6; וְכֵן ('likewise') signals a parallel repetition for the second set.
Word-by-word analysis· 16 words
וְעָשִׂ֜יתָand you shall makeconj וְ + Qal perf (weqatal) 2ms · עָשָׂה (H6213)Weqatal continuing the instructional sequence (main clause)→ Weqatal: sequential instructional future, continuing the chain of commandsעָשָׂה (H6213) 'to make'; continues the chain of construction instructions begun in v.1.
לֻֽלְאֹ֣תloops ofN f pl constr · לוּלָאָה (H3924)Direct objectלוּלָאָה (H3924) 'loop'; small fabric loops sewn along a curtain's edge to receive the gold clasps of v.6.
תְּכֵ֗לֶתblueN f sg abs · תְּכֵלֶת (H8504)Adverbial accusative of material (genitival)תְּכֵלֶת (H8504) 'blue-violet yarn'; the color of the loops, matching the curtains' own dye-palette.
עַ֣לonprep · עַל (H5921)Locative prepositional phraseעַל (H5921) 'on, upon'; introduces the location of the loops.
שְׂפַ֤תthe edge ofN f sg constr · שָׂפָה (H8193)Genitive (construct, locative)שָׂפָה (H8193) 'lip, edge, border'; the selvage of the curtain where loops are attached.
הַיְרִיעָה֙the curtainart + N f sg abs · יְרִיעָה (H3407)Genitiveיְרִיעָה (H3407) 'curtain'; the outermost sheet of the first five-curtain panel.
הָאֶחָ֔תthe firstart + Num f sg abs · אֶחָד (H259)Apposition (ordinal 'first' of the two sets)אֶחָד (H259) 'one'; here designates 'the first' of the two five-curtain sets being joined.
מִקָּצָ֖הfrom the endprep מִן + N f/c sg abs · קָצֶה (H7098)Adverbial prepositional phrase (locative)קָצֶה (H7098) 'end, extremity'; marks the terminal edge of the curtain-set.
בַּחֹבָ֑רֶתat the joiningprep בְּ + art + N f sg abs · חֹבֶרֶת (H2279)Adverbial prepositional phrase (locative, apposition to מִקָּצָה)חֹבֶרֶת (H2279) 'joint, coupling', from חָבַר; the seam-edge where the two curtain-sets will meet.
וְכֵ֤ןand likewiseconj וְ + adv · כֵּן (H3651)Comparative adverbial (correlative 'likewise')כֵּן (H3651) 'so, thus'; signals that the same procedure is repeated for the second set.
תַּעֲשֶׂה֙you shall makeQal impf 2ms · עָשָׂה (H6213)Predicate verb (main clause, resumptive)→ Yiqtol: instructional futureעָשָׂה (H6213) 'to make'; resumes the command for the second curtain-set's loops.
בִּשְׂפַ֣תon the edge ofprep בְּ + N f sg constr · שָׂפָה (H8193)Locative prepositional phraseשָׂפָה (H8193) 'edge, border'; repeats the location-formula for the second set's outer curtain.
הַיְרִיעָ֔הthe curtainart + N f sg abs · יְרִיעָה (H3407)Genitiveיְרִיעָה (H3407) 'curtain'; the outermost sheet of the second five-curtain panel.
הַקִּ֣יצוֹנָ֔הthe outermostart + Adj f sg abs · קִיצוֹן (H7020)Attributive adjective modifying הַיְרִיעָהקִיצוֹן (H7020) 'outer, outermost', from קָצֶה; identifies the last curtain of the set, at the outer edge of the assembled sheet.
בַּמַּחְבֶּ֖רֶתat the couplingprep בְּ + art + N f sg abs · מַחְבֶּרֶת (H4225)Adverbial prepositional phrase (locative)מַחְבֶּרֶת (H4225) 'joining-place, seam', from חָבַר; the specific seam between the two five-curtain panels.
הַשֵּׁנִֽיתthe secondart + Ordinal f sg abs · שֵׁנִי (H8145)Attributive ordinal modifying בַּמַּחְבֶּרֶתשֵׁנִי (H8145) 'second'; designates the second seam/coupling, paired with הָאֶחָת of v.4 the first.
5
חֲמִשִּׁ֣ים לֻֽלָאֹ֗ת תַּעֲשֶׂה֮ בַּיְרִיעָ֣ה הָאֶחָת֒ וַחֲמִשִּׁ֣ים לֻֽלָאֹ֗ת תַּעֲשֶׂה֙ בִּקְצֵ֣ה הַיְרִיעָ֔ה אֲשֶׁ֖ר בַּמַּחְבֶּ֣רֶת הַשֵּׁנִ֑ית מַקְבִּילֹת֙ הַלֻּ֣לָאֹ֔ת אִשָּׁ֖ה אֶל אֲחֹתָֽהּ
Fifty loops you shall make on the one curtain, and fifty loops you shall make on the edge of the curtain that is in the second set; the loops shall correspond to one another.
Fifty loops per edge, precisely aligned (מַקְבִּילֹת) so that the gold clasps of v.6 can pair them exactly.
Word-by-word analysis· 18 words
חֲמִשִּׁ֣יםfiftyNum com pl abs · חֲמִשִּׁים (H2572)Numeral (object modifier)חֲמִשִּׁים (H2572) 'fifty', pl. of חָמֵשׁ; the number of loops per curtain-edge, matched by fifty gold clasps in v.6.
לֻֽלָאֹ֗תloopsN f pl abs · לוּלָאָה (H3924)Direct objectלוּלָאָה (H3924) 'loop'; the fabric loops sewn along the seam-edge of the first panel.
תַּעֲשֶׂה֮you shall makeQal impf 2ms · עָשָׂה (H6213)Predicate verb→ Yiqtol: instructional futureעָשָׂה (H6213) 'to make'; specifies the total count of loops on the first curtain-edge.
בַּיְרִיעָ֣הon the curtainprep בְּ + art + N f sg abs · יְרִיעָה (H3407)Locative prepositional phraseיְרִיעָה (H3407) 'curtain'; the outer curtain of the first panel bearing the fifty loops.
הָאֶחָת֒the oneart + Num f sg abs · אֶחָד (H259)Appositionאֶחָד (H259) 'one'; identifies which curtain-edge, i.e. the first panel's outer edge.
וַחֲמִשִּׁ֣יםand fiftyconj + Num com pl abs · חֲמִשִּׁים (H2572)Coordinate numeralחֲמִשִּׁים (H2572) 'fifty'; the matching number of loops on the second panel's edge.
לֻֽלָאֹ֗תloopsN f pl abs · לוּלָאָה (H3924)Direct objectלוּלָאָה (H3924) 'loop'; the loops sewn along the seam-edge of the second panel.
תַּעֲשֶׂה֙you shall makeQal impf 2ms · עָשָׂה (H6213)Predicate verb→ Yiqtol: instructional futureעָשָׂה (H6213) 'to make'; repeats the command for the second set of loops.
בִּקְצֵ֣הon the edge ofprep בְּ + N com sg constr · קָצֶה (H7097)Locative prepositional phraseקָצֶה (H7097) 'end, edge'; the terminal edge of the second panel's curtain.
הַיְרִיעָ֔הthe curtainart + N f sg abs · יְרִיעָה (H3407)Genitiveיְרִיעָה (H3407) 'curtain'; the outer curtain of the second panel.
אֲשֶׁ֖רthatrelative particle · אֲשֶׁר (H834)Relative clause markerאֲשֶׁר (H834) invariable relative particle 'who, which, that'; introduces the clause locating the second curtain's seam.
בַּמַּחְבֶּ֣רֶתis in the coupling ofprep בְּ + art + N f sg abs · מַחְבֶּרֶת (H4225)Adverbial prepositional phrase (locative, within relative clause)מַחְבֶּרֶת (H4225) 'joining-place, seam'; locates this curtain at the second panel's coupling.
הַשֵּׁנִ֑יתthe secondart + Ordinal f sg abs · שֵׁנִי (H8145)Attributive ordinalשֵׁנִי (H8145) 'second'; identifies which seam/coupling is meant.
מַקְבִּילֹת֙correspondingHiphil ptc f pl abs · קָבַל (H6901)Predicate participle (verbless clause)→ Participle: describing a static positional correspondenceקָבַל (H6901) Hiphil 'to be opposite, correspond to'; loops precisely aligned across the two curtain-edges so the clasps can join them.
הַלֻּ֣לָאֹ֔תthe loopsart + N f pl abs · לוּלָאָה (H3924)Subjectלוּלָאָה (H3924) pl.; the full set of one hundred loops (fifty per edge) that must align.
אִשָּׁ֖הeachN f sg abs · אִשָּׁה (H802)Adverbial accusative (distributive idiom)אִשָּׁה (H802) idiomatic distributive, 'each opposite the other'.
אֶלtoprep · אֶל (H413)Prepositional phrase (goal)אֶל (H413) 'to, toward'; completes the reciprocal idiom for the loops' alignment.
אֲחֹתָֽהּits counterpartN f sg constr + 3fs suffix · אָחוֹת (H269)Object of preposition (reciprocal idiom)אָחוֹת (H269) 'sister'; closes the idiom describing the loops' precise pairing, edge to edge.
6
וְעָשִׂ֕יתָ חֲמִשִּׁ֖ים קַרְסֵ֣י זָהָ֑ב וְחִבַּרְתָּ֨ אֶת הַיְרִיעֹ֜ת אִשָּׁ֤ה אֶל אֲחֹתָהּ֙ בַּקְּרָסִ֔ים וְהָיָ֥ה הַמִּשְׁכָּ֖ן אֶחָֽד
You shall make fifty clasps of gold, and join the curtains to one another with the clasps, so that the tabernacle will be one whole.
The fifty gold clasps join the two panels; the closing statement וְהָיָה הַמִּשְׁכָּן אֶחָד climactically expresses the theological point — many curtains become one unified dwelling.
Word-by-word analysis· 14 words
וְעָשִׂ֕יתָand you shall makeconj וְ + Qal perf (weqatal) 2ms · עָשָׂה (H6213)Predicate verb (weqatal, sequential)→ Weqatal: sequential instructional futureעָשָׂה (H6213) 'to make'; commands the crafting of the clasps that will unite the two curtain-panels.
חֲמִשִּׁ֖יםfiftyNum com pl abs · חֲמִשִּׁים (H2572)Numeral (object)חֲמִשִּׁים (H2572) 'fifty'; matches the fifty loops of vv.4-5.
קַרְסֵ֣יclasps ofN m pl constr · קֶרֶס (H7165)Direct object (construct)קֶרֶס (H7165) 'clasp, hook'; gold fasteners joining the loops of the two curtain-panels into a single tent-roof.
זָהָ֑בgoldN m sg abs · זָהָב (H2091)Genitive (material, of construct קַרְסֵי)זָהָב (H2091) 'gold'; the most precious metal, used for objects nearest the sacred inner space.
וְחִבַּרְתָּ֨and you shall joinconj + Piel perf (weqatal) 2ms · חָבַר (H2266)Predicate verb (weqatal, sequential)→ Weqatal: sequential instructional future — the resulting joined stateחָבַר (H2266) Piel 'to join, couple'; the technical verb for uniting the curtain-panels into the finished tent-cloth.
אֶת[obj]obj marker · אֵת (H853)Direct-object markerאֵת (H853); marks הַיְרִיעֹת as the definite direct object of וְחִבַּרְתָּ.
הַיְרִיעֹ֜תthe curtainsart + N f pl abs · יְרִיעָה (H3407)Direct objectיְרִיעָה (H3407) pl.; the two five-curtain panels, now to be joined into a single tent-roof.
אִשָּׁ֤הeachN f sg abs · אִשָּׁה (H802)Adverbial accusative (distributive idiom)אִשָּׁה (H802) idiomatic distributive, 'each to another'.
אֶלtoprep · אֶל (H413)Prepositional phrase (goal)אֶל (H413) 'to, toward'; completes the reciprocal idiom for the joined curtains.
אֲחֹתָהּ֙its counterpartN f sg constr + 3fs suffix · אָחוֹת (H269)Object of preposition (reciprocal idiom)אָחוֹת (H269) 'sister'; closes the phrase describing the two panels joined edge to edge.
בַּקְּרָסִ֔יםwith the claspsprep בְּ + art + N m pl abs · קֶרֶס (H7165)Instrumental prepositional phraseקֶרֶס (H7165) pl.; the fifty gold clasps functioning as the instrument of joining.
וְהָיָ֥הand it shall beconj + Qal perf (weqatal) 3ms · הָיָה (H1961)Predicate verb (result clause, weqatal)→ Weqatal: resultative — the outcome of the joiningהָיָה (H1961) 'to be, become'; marks the resulting state — the many curtains becoming one unified tabernacle-cloth.
הַמִּשְׁכָּ֖ןthe tabernacleart + N m sg abs · מִשְׁכָּן (H4908)Subjectמִשְׁכָּן (H4908) 'dwelling place'; the completed linen structure, now a single unified whole.
אֶחָֽדone wholeNum m sg abs · אֶחָד (H259)Predicate adjective (numeral, 'a single unit')אֶחָד (H259) 'one'; predicate stressing that the composite curtains form a single, unified dwelling.
7
וְעָשִׂ֨יתָ֙ יְרִיעֹ֣ת עִזִּ֔ים לְאֹ֖הֶל עַל הַמִּשְׁכָּ֑ן עַשְׁתֵּי עֶשְׂרֵ֥ה יְרִיעֹ֖ת תַּעֲשֶׂ֥ה אֹתָֽם
You shall also make curtains of goats' hair for a tent over the tabernacle; eleven curtains you shall make.
Shifts to the second fabric layer, the goat-hair tent-covering laid over the linen tabernacle; eleven curtains, one more than the ten linen ones, provide the overhang detailed in vv.9-13.
Word-by-word analysis· 11 words
וְעָשִׂ֨יתָ֙and you shall makeconj וְ + Qal perf (weqatal) 2ms · עָשָׂה (H6213)Predicate verb (weqatal, main clause)→ Weqatal: sequential instructional futureעָשָׂה (H6213) 'to make'; opens the new unit specifying the outer, goat-hair tent-covering.
יְרִיעֹ֣תcurtains ofN f pl constr · יְרִיעָה (H3407)Direct object (construct)יְרִיעָה (H3407) pl.; here the coarser goat-hair panels forming the tent laid over the tabernacle-curtains.
עִזִּ֔יםgoats' hairN f pl abs · עֵז (H5795)Genitive (material, of construct יְרִיעֹת)עֵז (H5795) 'goat'; pl. עִזִּים — goat-hair cloth is coarser and more weather-resistant, forming the outer tent over the linen curtains.
לְאֹ֖הֶלfor a tentprep לְ + N m sg abs · אֹהֶל (H168)Prepositional phrase (purpose)אֹהֶל (H168) 'tent'; here the goat-hair tent-covering laid over the linen מִשְׁכָּן, distinct from it (cf. vv.9,11-13).
עַלoverprep · עַל (H5921)Locative prepositional phraseעַל (H5921) 'over, upon'; positions the goat-hair tent above the tabernacle-curtains.
הַמִּשְׁכָּ֑ןthe tabernacleart + N m sg abs · מִשְׁכָּן (H4908)Object of prepositionמִשְׁכָּן (H4908) 'dwelling place'; the linen structure of vv.1-6, over which the goat-hair tent is draped.
עַשְׁתֵּיeleven-Num com pl constr · עַשְׁתֵּי (H6249)Numeral (construct, 'eleven-')עַשְׁתֵּי עֶשְׂרֵה (H6249 + H6240) idiomatic 'eleven'; one more than the ten linen curtains, so the goat-hair tent overhangs on all sides.
עֶשְׂרֵ֥ה-teenNum f sg abs · עֶשְׂרֵה (H6240)Numeral (second element of 'eleven')עֶשְׂרֵה (H6240) '-teen'; combines with עַשְׁתֵּי for the number 'eleven'.
יְרִיעֹ֖תcurtainsN f pl abs · יְרִיעָה (H3407)Direct object (resumptive)יְרִיעָה (H3407) pl.; the eleven goat-hair panels to be made.
תַּעֲשֶׂ֥הyou shall makeQal impf 2ms · עָשָׂה (H6213)Predicate verb (main clause, resumptive)→ Yiqtol: instructional futureעָשָׂה (H6213) 'to make'; resumes the command with אֹתָם as its object.
אֹתָֽםthemobj marker + 3mp suffix · אֵת (H853)Direct object (resumptive)אֵת (H853) + 3mp suffix; refers back to the eleven goat-hair curtains.
8
אֹ֣רֶךְ הַיְרִיעָ֣ה הָֽאַחַ֗ת שְׁלֹשִׁים֙ בָּֽאַמָּ֔ה וְרֹ֨חַב֙ אַרְבַּ֣ע בָּאַמָּ֔ה הַיְרִיעָ֖ה הָאֶחָ֑ת מִדָּ֣ה אַחַ֔ת לְעַשְׁתֵּ֥י עֶשְׂרֵ֖ה יְרִיעֹֽת
The length of each curtain shall be thirty cubits, and the width of each curtain four cubits; the eleven curtains shall have the same measurement.
Parallels v.2's dimension formula for the goat-hair curtains, each two cubits longer (30 vs 28) to allow the overhang detailed in vv.9-13.
Word-by-word analysis· 15 words
אֹ֣רֶךְthe length ofN m sg constr · אֹרֶךְ (H753)Subject (construct, casus pendens)אֹרֶךְ (H753) 'length'; opens the dimension formula for the goat-hair curtains.
הַיְרִיעָ֣הthe curtainart + N f sg abs · יְרִיעָה (H3407)Genitiveיְרִיעָה (H3407) 'curtain'; here one of the eleven goat-hair panels.
הָֽאַחַ֗תeach oneart + Num f sg abs · אֶחָד (H259)Apposition (distributive)אֶחָד (H259) 'one'; distributive, 'each single curtain'.
שְׁלֹשִׁים֙thirtyNum com pl abs · שְׁלֹשִׁים (H7970)Numeral (predicate)שְׁלֹשִׁים (H7970) 'thirty', pl. of שָׁלוֹשׁ; the goat-hair curtains are two cubits longer than the linen ones (30 vs 28), for the extra overhang.
בָּֽאַמָּ֔הcubitsprep בְּ + art + N f sg abs · אַמָּה (H520)Adverbial prepositional phrase of measureאַמָּה (H520) 'cubit'; the standard measuring unit.
וְרֹ֨חַב֙and the width ofconj וְ + N m sg constr · רֹחַב (H7341)Coordinate subject (construct)רֹחַב (H7341) 'breadth, width'; the second dimension for the goat-hair curtains.
אַרְבַּ֣עfourNum f sg abs · אַרְבַּע (H702)Numeral (predicate)אַרְבַּע (H702) 'four'; the width in cubits, same as the linen curtains.
בָּאַמָּ֔הcubitsprep בְּ + art + N f sg abs · אַמָּה (H520)Adverbial prepositional phrase of measureאַמָּה (H520) 'cubit'; repeats the standard unit for the width figure.
הַיְרִיעָ֖הthe curtainart + N f sg abs · יְרִיעָה (H3407)Subject (resumptive apposition)יְרִיעָה (H3407) 'curtain'; resumed before the closing distributive.
הָאֶחָ֑תeach oneart + Num f sg abs · אֶחָד (H259)Apposition (distributive)אֶחָד (H259) 'one'; closes the dimension formula distributively.
מִדָּ֣הmeasurementN f sg abs · מִדָּה (H4060)Subject (summary statement)מִדָּה (H4060) 'measure, dimension'; summarizes that all eleven curtains share one uniform size.
אַחַ֔תone/the sameNum f sg abs · אַחַת (H259)Predicate adjective (numeral)אַחַת (H259) fem. of אֶחָד; idiomatic for 'a single, uniform' measurement.
לְעַשְׁתֵּ֥יfor the elevenprep לְ + Num com pl constr · עַשְׁתֵּי (H6249)Prepositional phrase (distributive, 'for each of the eleven')עַשְׁתֵּי עֶשְׂרֵה (H6249 + H6240) 'eleven'; the full set of goat-hair curtains sharing this measure.
עֶשְׂרֵ֖ה-teenNum f sg abs · עֶשְׂרֵה (H6240)Numeral (second element of 'eleven')עֶשְׂרֵה (H6240) '-teen'; completes the number eleven with עַשְׁתֵּי.
יְרִיעֹֽתcurtainsN f pl abs · יְרִיעָה (H3407)Genitive (object of לְ)יְרִיעָה (H3407) pl.; the eleven goat-hair curtains, all of uniform measure.
9
וְחִבַּרְתָּ֞ אֶת חֲמֵ֤שׁ הַיְרִיעֹת֙ לְבָ֔ד וְאֶת שֵׁ֥שׁ הַיְרִיעֹ֖ת לְבָ֑ד וְכָפַלְתָּ֙ אֶת הַיְרִיעָ֣ה הַשִּׁשִּׁ֔ית אֶל מ֖וּל פְּנֵ֥י הָאֹֽהֶל
You shall join five curtains by themselves, and six curtains by themselves, and you shall double over the sixth curtain at the front of the tent.
Groups the eleven goat-hair curtains as five plus six, with the sixth curtain folded double at the tent's entrance — an asymmetry that produces the overhang explained in the following verses.
Word-by-word analysis· 17 words
וְחִבַּרְתָּ֞and you shall joinconj + Piel perf (weqatal) 2ms · חָבַר (H2266)Predicate verb (weqatal, main clause)→ Weqatal: sequential instructional futureחָבַר (H2266) Piel 'to join'; joins the goat-hair curtains into two sub-panels, unlike the linen set's single division.
אֶת[obj]obj marker · אֵת (H853)Direct-object markerאֵת (H853); marks חֲמֵשׁ הַיְרִיעֹת as the definite direct object.
חֲמֵ֤שׁfiveNum f sg abs · חָמֵשׁ (H2568)Numeral (object)חָמֵשׁ (H2568) 'five'; the first sub-group of goat-hair curtains.
הַיְרִיעֹת֙the curtainsart + N f pl abs · יְרִיעָה (H3407)Direct objectיְרִיעָה (H3407) pl.; the first five-curtain sub-panel of the goat-hair tent.
לְבָ֔דby themselvesprep לְ + N m sg abs · בַּד (H905)Adverbial prepositional phrase (manner, 'apart')בַּד (H905) 'separation, alone'; idiom לְבַד 'by itself, separately' — the eleven curtains are joined in two sub-groups.
וְאֶתand [obj]conj + obj marker · אֵת (H853)Conjunction + direct-object markerאֵת (H853); marks שֵׁשׁ הַיְרִיעֹת as the second definite direct object.
שֵׁ֥שׁsixNum f sg abs · שֵׁשׁ (H8337)Numeral (object)שֵׁשׁ (H8337) 'six' (distinct in meaning, though homographic, from שֵׁשׁ 'fine linen' H8336); the second sub-group of goat-hair curtains.
הַיְרִיעֹ֖תthe curtainsart + N f pl abs · יְרִיעָה (H3407)Direct objectיְרִיעָה (H3407) pl.; the second, six-curtain sub-panel.
לְבָ֑דby themselvesprep לְ + N m sg abs · בַּד (H905)Adverbial prepositional phrase (manner)בַּד (H905) 'separation'; repeats the idiom 'by itself' for the second sub-group.
וְכָפַלְתָּ֙and you shall double overconj + Qal perf (weqatal) 2ms · כָּפַל (H3717)Predicate verb (weqatal, sequential)→ Weqatal: sequential instructional futureכָּפַל (H3717) 'to double, fold over'; the sixth curtain is folded back at the tent's entrance, creating a doubled flap.
אֶת[obj]obj marker · אֵת (H853)Direct-object markerאֵת (H853); marks הַיְרִיעָה הַשִּׁשִּׁית as the definite direct object.
הַיְרִיעָ֣הthe curtainart + N f sg abs · יְרִיעָה (H3407)Direct objectיְרִיעָה (H3407) 'curtain'; the sixth curtain of the second sub-group.
הַשִּׁשִּׁ֔יתthe sixthart + Ordinal f sg abs · שִׁשִּׁי (H8345)Attributive ordinal modifying הַיְרִיעָהשִׁשִּׁי (H8345) 'sixth'; the extra curtain of the six-panel half, folded double at the entrance.
אֶלtowardprep · אֶל (H413)Prepositional phrase (locative, 'toward')אֶל (H413) 'to, toward'; here with מוּל פְּנֵי forming 'at the front of'.
מ֖וּלfront ofprep · מוּל (H4136)Prepositional phrase (locative)מוּל (H4136) 'in front of, opposite'; specifies where the doubled curtain hangs.
פְּנֵ֥יthe face ofN com pl constr · פָּנִים (H6440)Genitive (construct, of מוּל)פָּנִים (H6440) 'face'; construct פְּנֵי הָאֹהֶל idiomatically 'the front/façade of the tent'.
הָאֹֽהֶלthe tentart + N m sg abs · אֹהֶל (H168)Object of prepositionאֹהֶל (H168) 'tent'; the goat-hair tent whose entrance-flap is doubled here.
10
וְעָשִׂ֜יתָ חֲמִשִּׁ֣ים לֻֽלָאֹ֗ת עַ֣ל שְׂפַ֤ת הַיְרִיעָה֙ הָֽאֶחָ֔ת הַקִּיצֹנָ֖ה בַּחֹבָ֑רֶת וַחֲמִשִּׁ֣ים לֻֽלָאֹ֗ת עַ֚ל שְׂפַ֣ת הַיְרִיעָ֔ה הַחֹבֶ֖רֶת הַשֵּׁנִֽית
You shall make fifty loops on the edge of the outermost curtain in the first set, and fifty loops on the edge of the curtain of the second, joining set.
Parallels vv.4-5's loop instructions for the linen curtains, now applied to the goat-hair tent's two sub-panels.
Word-by-word analysis· 16 words
וְעָשִׂ֜יתָand you shall makeconj וְ + Qal perf (weqatal) 2ms · עָשָׂה (H6213)Predicate verb (weqatal, main clause)→ Weqatal: sequential instructional futureעָשָׂה (H6213) 'to make'; commands the loops for the goat-hair tent's coupling, paralleling vv.4-5.
חֲמִשִּׁ֣יםfiftyNum com pl abs · חֲמִשִּׁים (H2572)Numeral (object modifier)חֲמִשִּׁים (H2572) 'fifty'; the number of loops on the first sub-panel's edge.
לֻֽלָאֹ֗תloopsN f pl abs · לוּלָאָה (H3924)Direct objectלוּלָאָה (H3924) 'loop'; sewn along the seam-edge of the goat-hair tent's first sub-panel.
עַ֣לonprep · עַל (H5921)Locative prepositional phraseעַל (H5921) 'on, upon'; introduces the location of the loops.
שְׂפַ֤תthe edge ofN f sg constr · שָׂפָה (H8193)Genitive (construct, locative)שָׂפָה (H8193) 'lip, edge, border'; the selvage where the loops are sewn.
הַיְרִיעָה֙the curtainart + N f sg abs · יְרִיעָה (H3407)Genitiveיְרִיעָה (H3407) 'curtain'; the outer curtain of the goat-hair tent's first sub-panel.
הָֽאֶחָ֔תthe firstart + Num f sg abs · אֶחָד (H259)Apposition (ordinal 'first')אֶחָד (H259) 'one'; designates the first of the two goat-hair sub-panels.
הַקִּיצֹנָ֖הthe outermostart + Adj f sg abs · קִיצוֹן (H7020)Attributive adjective modifying הַיְרִיעָהקִיצוֹן (H7020) 'outer, outermost'; identifies the panel's outer curtain, as in v.4.
בַּחֹבָ֑רֶתat the joiningprep בְּ + art + N f sg abs · חֹבֶרֶת (H2279)Adverbial prepositional phrase (locative)חֹבֶרֶת (H2279) 'joint, coupling'; the seam-edge of the first sub-panel.
וַחֲמִשִּׁ֣יםand fiftyconj + Num com pl abs · חֲמִשִּׁים (H2572)Coordinate numeralחֲמִשִּׁים (H2572) 'fifty'; the matching number of loops on the second sub-panel's edge.
לֻֽלָאֹ֗תloopsN f pl abs · לוּלָאָה (H3924)Direct objectלוּלָאָה (H3924) 'loop'; sewn along the second sub-panel's seam-edge.
עַ֚לonprep · עַל (H5921)Locative prepositional phraseעַל (H5921) 'on, upon'; introduces the location of the second set of loops.
שְׂפַ֣תthe edge ofN f sg constr · שָׂפָה (H8193)Genitive (construct, locative)שָׂפָה (H8193) 'edge, border'; the seam-edge of the second sub-panel.
הַיְרִיעָ֔הthe curtainart + N f sg abs · יְרִיעָה (H3407)Genitiveיְרִיעָה (H3407) 'curtain'; here the joining curtain of the second sub-panel.
הַחֹבֶ֖רֶתthe joining (curtain)art + Qal ptc f sg abs · חָבַר (H2266)Attributive participle modifying הַיְרִיעָה→ Participle: characterizing the curtain's function at the seamחָבַר (H2266) Qal participle 'joining'; describes the curtain lying at the coupling-seam of the second sub-panel.
הַשֵּׁנִֽיתthe secondart + Ordinal f sg abs · שֵׁנִי (H8145)Attributive ordinalשֵׁנִי (H8145) 'second'; identifies which coupling is meant, paired with 'the first' above.
11
וְעָשִׂ֛יתָ קַרְסֵ֥י נְחֹ֖שֶׁת חֲמִשִּׁ֑ים וְהֵבֵאתָ֤ אֶת הַקְּרָסִים֙ בַּלֻּ֣לָאֹ֔ת וְחִבַּרְתָּ֥ אֶת הָאֹ֖הֶל וְהָיָ֥ה אֶחָֽד
You shall make fifty clasps of bronze, and put the clasps into the loops, and join the tent together so that it will be one.
Parallels v.6's clasp instructions for the linen curtains; bronze — a lesser-grade metal than the gold clasps of v.6 — matches the goat-hair tent's more utilitarian status.
Word-by-word analysis· 13 words
וְעָשִׂ֛יתָand you shall makeconj וְ + Qal perf (weqatal) 2ms · עָשָׂה (H6213)Predicate verb (weqatal, main clause)→ Weqatal: sequential instructional futureעָשָׂה (H6213) 'to make'; commands the bronze clasps for the goat-hair tent, paralleling the gold clasps of v.6.
קַרְסֵ֥יclasps ofN m pl constr · קֶרֶס (H7165)Direct object (construct)קֶרֶס (H7165) 'clasp, hook'; here of bronze, joining the goat-hair tent's two sub-panels.
נְחֹ֖שֶׁתbronzeN f sg abs · נְחֹשֶׁת (H5178)Genitive (material)נְחֹשֶׁת (H5178) 'copper, bronze'; a lesser-grade metal than the gold clasps of v.6, fitting the goat-hair tent's more utilitarian covering.
חֲמִשִּׁ֑יםfiftyNum com pl abs · חֲמִשִּׁים (H2572)Numeral (predicate, apposition)חֲמִשִּׁים (H2572) 'fifty'; matches the fifty loops of v.10.
וְהֵבֵאתָ֤and you shall bringconj + Hiphil perf (weqatal) 2ms · בּוֹא (H935)Predicate verb (weqatal, sequential)→ Weqatal: sequential instructional futureבּוֹא (H935) Hiphil 'to bring, cause to enter'; here of inserting the clasps through the loops.
אֶת[obj]obj marker · אֵת (H853)Direct-object markerאֵת (H853); marks הַקְּרָסִים as the definite direct object.
הַקְּרָסִים֙the claspsart + N m pl abs · קֶרֶס (H7165)Direct objectקֶרֶס (H7165) pl.; the fifty bronze clasps.
בַּלֻּ֣לָאֹ֔תinto the loopsprep בְּ + art + N f pl abs · לוּלָאָה (H3924)Adverbial prepositional phrase (locative)לוּלָאָה (H3924) pl.; the loops of vv.10 into which the clasps are inserted.
וְחִבַּרְתָּ֥and you shall joinconj + Piel perf (weqatal) 2ms · חָבַר (H2266)Predicate verb (weqatal, sequential)→ Weqatal: sequential instructional futureחָבַר (H2266) Piel 'to join'; unites the two goat-hair sub-panels into a single tent.
אֶת[obj]obj marker · אֵת (H853)Direct-object markerאֵת (H853); marks הָאֹהֶל as the definite direct object.
הָאֹ֖הֶלthe tentart + N m sg abs · אֹהֶל (H168)Direct objectאֹהֶל (H168) 'tent'; the goat-hair covering, now joined into one piece.
וְהָיָ֥הand it shall beconj + Qal perf (weqatal) 3ms · הָיָה (H1961)Predicate verb (result clause, weqatal)→ Weqatal: resultativeהָיָה (H1961) 'to be'; marks the resulting unified state, echoing v.6's statement about the tabernacle.
אֶחָֽדoneNum m sg abs · אֶחָד (H259)Predicate adjective (numeral)אֶחָד (H259) 'one'; the goat-hair tent, like the linen tabernacle beneath it, becomes a single unified covering.
12
וְסֶ֨רַח֙ הָעֹדֵ֔ף בִּירִיעֹ֖ת הָאֹ֑הֶל חֲצִ֤י הַיְרִיעָה֙ הָעֹדֶ֔פֶת תִּסְרַ֕ח עַ֖ל אֲחֹרֵ֥י הַמִּשְׁכָּֽן
The overhanging part that remains of the curtains of the tent — the half-curtain that remains — shall hang over the back of the tabernacle.
Explains that the extra half-curtain created by the eleventh, wider goat-hair set drapes over the tabernacle's rear (west) wall, fully enclosing the structure.
Word-by-word analysis· 11 words
וְסֶ֨רַח֙and the overhangconj וְ + N m sg abs · סֶרַח (H5629)Subject (casus pendens, topicalized)סֶרַח (H5629) 'overhang, excess, that which hangs over'; the surplus fabric of the larger goat-hair tent beyond the linen tabernacle.
הָעֹדֵ֔ףthat remainsart + Qal ptc m sg abs · עָדַף (H5736)Attributive participle modifying סֶרַח→ Participle: describing an ongoing state of surplus/remainderעָדַף (H5736) 'to remain over, be in excess'; participle describing the leftover fabric not accounted for by the tabernacle's own dimensions.
בִּירִיעֹ֖תin the curtains ofprep בְּ + N f pl constr · יְרִיעָה (H3407)Genitive (locative, 'in/of the curtains')יְרִיעָה (H3407) pl.; the eleven goat-hair curtains of the outer tent.
הָאֹ֑הֶלthe tentart + N m sg abs · אֹהֶל (H168)Genitive (of construct)אֹהֶל (H168) 'tent'; the goat-hair covering whose curtains produce the excess.
חֲצִ֤יhalf ofN m sg constr · חֲצִי (H2677)Subject (construct, apposition to סֶרַח)חֲצִי (H2677) 'half', from חָצָה 'to divide'; the half-curtain of excess length on the extra eleventh curtain.
הַיְרִיעָה֙the curtainart + N f sg abs · יְרִיעָה (H3407)Genitiveיְרִיעָה (H3407) 'curtain'; the eleventh, extra-long panel that produces the overhang.
הָעֹדֶ֔פֶתthat remainsart + Qal ptc f sg abs · עָדַף (H5736)Attributive participle modifying חֲצִי הַיְרִיעָה→ Participle: ongoing state of remaining/surplusעָדַף (H5736) 'to remain over'; repeats the descriptor for the surplus half-curtain.
תִּסְרַ֕חshall hang overQal impf 3fs · סָרַח (H5628)Predicate verb (main clause)→ Yiqtol: instructional future — the resulting positionסָרַח (H5628) 'to hang over, extend beyond'; describes the excess fabric draping down the tabernacle's back wall.
עַ֖לoverprep · עַל (H5921)Locative prepositional phraseעַל (H5921) 'over, upon'; introduces where the overhang falls.
אֲחֹרֵ֥יthe back ofN m pl constr · אָחוֹר (H268)Genitive (construct, locative)אָחוֹר (H268) 'back, rear, behind'; functions here prepositionally, 'behind/at the back of' the tabernacle — the west side, opposite the entrance.
הַמִּשְׁכָּֽןthe tabernacleart + N m sg abs · מִשְׁכָּן (H4908)Object of prepositionמִשְׁכָּן (H4908) 'dwelling place'; the linen structure whose rear wall receives the overhanging fabric.
13
וְהָאַמָּ֨ה מִזֶּ֜ה וְהָאַמָּ֤ה מִזֶּה֙ בָּעֹדֵ֔ף בְּאֹ֖רֶךְ יְרִיעֹ֣ת הָאֹ֑הֶל יִהְיֶ֨ה סָר֜וּחַ עַל צִדֵּ֧י הַמִּשְׁכָּ֛ן מִזֶּ֥ה וּמִזֶּ֖ה לְכַסֹּתֽוֹ
And the cubit on the one side and the cubit on the other, of what remains in the length of the curtains of the tent, shall hang over the sides of the tabernacle on this side and that, to cover it.
Explains the remaining cubit-margins on the two long sides, completing the description of how the larger goat-hair tent covers and protects the linen tabernacle beneath it.
Word-by-word analysis· 16 words
וְהָאַמָּ֨הand the cubitconj וְ + art + N f sg abs · אַמָּה (H520)Subject (casus pendens)אַמָּה (H520) 'cubit'; the extra length-margin on each long side of the goat-hair curtains.
מִזֶּ֜הon this sideprep מִן + Demonstr pron m sg · זֶה (H2088)Adverbial prepositional phrase (locative, 'on this side')זֶה (H2088) 'this'; with מִן forms the idiom מִזֶּה...וּמִזֶּה 'on this side and that,' i.e. on both sides.
וְהָאַמָּ֤הand the cubitconj וְ + art + N f sg abs · אַמָּה (H520)Coordinate subjectאַמָּה (H520) 'cubit'; the matching margin on the opposite side.
מִזֶּה֙on that sideprep מִן + Demonstr pron m sg · זֶה (H2088)Adverbial prepositional phrase (locative)זֶה (H2088) 'this/that'; completes the idiom for 'on both sides'.
בָּעֹדֵ֔ףof what remainsprep בְּ + art + Qal ptc m sg abs · עָדַף (H5736)Adverbial prepositional phrase (partitive, 'of the surplus')→ Participle: an ongoing state of surplusעָדַף (H5736) 'to remain over'; the leftover length of the goat-hair curtains beyond the tabernacle's own width.
בְּאֹ֖רֶךְin the length ofprep בְּ + N m sg constr · אֹרֶךְ (H753)Adverbial prepositional phrase (respect, 'in length')אֹרֶךְ (H753) 'length'; specifies that the surplus is measured along the curtains' length.
יְרִיעֹ֣תthe curtains ofN f pl constr · יְרִיעָה (H3407)Genitive (construct)יְרִיעָה (H3407) pl.; the goat-hair curtains whose surplus length is in view.
הָאֹ֑הֶלthe tentart + N m sg abs · אֹהֶל (H168)Genitiveאֹהֶל (H168) 'tent'; the outer goat-hair covering.
יִהְיֶ֨הshall beQal impf 3ms · הָיָה (H1961)Predicate verb (main clause, periphrastic with סָרוּחַ)→ Yiqtol: instructional future, periphrastic with participleהָיָה (H1961) 'to be'; forms a periphrastic construction with the passive participle סָרוּחַ, 'shall be hanging'.
סָר֜וּחַhanging downQal pass ptc m sg abs · סָרַח (H5628)Predicate complement (periphrastic with יִהְיֶה)→ Passive participle: a resultant, ongoing hanging stateסָרַח (H5628) Qal passive participle 'hanging down, draped'; describes the excess fabric permanently draping over the tabernacle's sides.
עַלoverprep · עַל (H5921)Locative prepositional phraseעַל (H5921) 'over, upon'; introduces where the margin drapes.
צִדֵּ֧יthe sides ofN m pl constr · צַד (H6654)Genitive (construct, locative object of עַל)צַד (H6654) 'side, flank'; the lateral walls of the tabernacle-frame, its two long sides.
הַמִּשְׁכָּ֛ןthe tabernacleart + N m sg abs · מִשְׁכָּן (H4908)Object of prepositionמִשְׁכָּן (H4908) 'dwelling place'; whose long sides receive the draping margin.
מִזֶּ֥הon this sideprep מִן + Demonstr pron m sg · זֶה (H2088)Adverbial prepositional phrase (locative)זֶה (H2088) 'this'; repeats the idiom locating the drape on both flanks.
וּמִזֶּ֖הand on that sideconj + prep מִן + Demonstr pron m sg · זֶה (H2088)Adverbial prepositional phrase (locative)זֶה (H2088) 'that'; completes 'on this side and that,' i.e. symmetrically on both long walls.
לְכַסֹּתֽוֹto cover itprep לְ + Qal inf constr + 3ms suffix · כָּסָה (H3680)Purpose infinitive clause ('in order to cover it')→ Infinitive construct: expresses purpose/result of the overhangכָּסָה (H3680) 'to cover'; infinitive construct with 3ms suffix ('to cover it') states the purpose of the extra fabric — protecting the tabernacle structure.
14
וְעָשִׂ֤יתָ מִכְסֶה֙ לָאֹ֔הֶל עֹרֹ֥ת אֵילִ֖ם מְאָדָּמִ֑ים וּמִכְסֵ֛ה עֹרֹ֥ת תְּחָשִׁ֖ים מִלְמָֽעְלָה
You shall make for the tent a covering of rams' skins dyed red, and a covering of taḥash skins above.
Adds two final weatherproof layers — dyed ram-skins and taḥash-hides — completing the four-layer roof system (linen, goat-hair, ram-skin, taḥash) moving from innermost/most sacred to outermost/most utilitarian.
Word-by-word analysis· 10 words
וְעָשִׂ֤יתָand you shall makeconj וְ + Qal perf (weqatal) 2ms · עָשָׂה (H6213)Predicate verb (weqatal, main clause)→ Weqatal: sequential instructional futureעָשָׂה (H6213) 'to make'; commands the two outermost protective coverings over the goat-hair tent.
מִכְסֶה֙a coveringN m sg abs · מִכְסֶה (H4372)Direct objectמִכְסֶה (H4372) 'covering', from כָּסָה 'to cover'; the outermost protective layers over the goat-hair tent.
לָאֹ֔הֶלfor the tentprep לְ + art + N m sg abs · אֹהֶל (H168)Prepositional phrase (purpose)אֹהֶל (H168) 'tent'; the goat-hair structure receiving the outer weatherproof layers.
עֹרֹ֥תskins ofN m pl constr · עוֹר (H5785)Genitive (material, construct)עוֹר (H5785) 'skin, hide'; the durable weatherproof material of the outer coverings.
אֵילִ֖םramsN m pl abs · אַיִל (H352)Genitive (of construct עֹרֹת)אַיִל (H352) 'ram'; pl. אֵילִם — ram hides tanned and dyed for the first protective covering.
מְאָדָּמִ֑יםdyed redPual ptc m pl abs · אָדַם (H119)Attributive participle modifying עֹרֹת אֵילִם→ Passive participle: a resultant dyed stateאָדַם (H119) Pual 'reddened, dyed red'; from the same root as אָדֹם/אָדָם — leather stained crimson, echoing the tabernacle's scarlet motif.
וּמִכְסֵ֛הand a covering ofconj + N m sg constr · מִכְסֶה (H4372)Coordinate direct object (construct)מִכְסֶה (H4372) 'covering'; the second, outermost protective layer.
עֹרֹ֥תskins ofN m pl constr · עוֹר (H5785)Genitive (construct)עוֹר (H5785) 'skin, hide'; material of the topmost covering.
תְּחָשִׁ֖יםtaḥashN m pl abs · תַּחַשׁ (H8476)Genitive (of construct מִכְסֵה עֹרֹת)תַּחַשׁ (H8476) of disputed identity (dugong/porpoise skin, or a fine leather/goat-variety); the outermost weatherproofing layer, its exact referent uncertain since antiquity.
מִלְמָֽעְלָהaboveprep מִן + לְ + adv · מַעְלָה (H4605)Adverbial prepositional phrase (locative, 'on top')מַעְלָה (H4605) 'upward, above'; specifies the taḥash covering as the topmost of the four layers over the tabernacle.
15
וְעָשִׂ֥יתָ אֶת הַקְּרָשִׁ֖ים לַמִּשְׁכָּ֑ן עֲצֵ֥י שִׁטִּ֖ים עֹמְדִֽים
You shall make the boards for the tabernacle of acacia wood, standing upright.
Shifts from the fabric roof to the rigid understructure — acacia boards standing upright to form the tabernacle's walls.
Word-by-word analysis· 7 words
וְעָשִׂ֥יתָand you shall makeconj וְ + Qal perf (weqatal) 2ms · עָשָׂה (H6213)Predicate verb (weqatal, main clause)→ Weqatal: sequential instructional futureעָשָׂה (H6213) 'to make'; opens the unit describing the tabernacle's rigid wooden frame.
אֶת[obj]obj marker · אֵת (H853)Direct-object markerאֵת (H853); marks הַקְּרָשִׁים as the definite direct object.
הַקְּרָשִׁ֖יםthe boardsart + N m pl abs · קֶרֶשׁ (H7175)Direct objectקֶרֶשׁ (H7175) 'board, frame, plank'; the acacia-wood upright frames forming the tabernacle's rigid walls, overlaid with gold (v.29) and set into silver sockets (v.19).
לַמִּשְׁכָּ֑ןfor the tabernacleprep לְ + art + N m sg abs · מִשְׁכָּן (H4908)Prepositional phrase (purpose/possession)מִשְׁכָּן (H4908) 'dwelling place'; the structure whose walls the boards will form.
עֲצֵ֥יwood ofN m pl constr · עֵץ (H6086)Genitive (construct, material)עֵץ (H6086) 'tree, wood'; construct with שִׁטִּים specifying the material.
שִׁטִּ֖יםacaciaN f pl abs · שִׁטָּה (H7848)Genitive (of construct עֲצֵי)שִׁטָּה (H7848) 'acacia'; a hard, insect-resistant desert wood, the standard timber for all tabernacle furniture and framework.
עֹמְדִֽיםstandingQal ptc m pl abs · עָמַד (H5975)Attributive/adverbial participle describing the boards' orientation→ Participle: describing the fixed, upright standing postureעָמַד (H5975) 'to stand'; participle describing the boards set vertically on end, rather than laid horizontally.
16
עֶ֥שֶׂר אַמּ֖וֹת אֹ֣רֶךְ הַקָּ֑רֶשׁ וְאַמָּה֙ וַחֲצִ֣י הָֽאַמָּ֔ה רֹ֖חַב הַקֶּ֥רֶשׁ הָאֶחָֽד
Ten cubits shall be the length of a board, and a cubit and a half the width of each board.
Gives each acacia board's dimensions (10 by 1.5 cubits), subordinate to the general command of v.15.
Word-by-word analysis· 10 words
עֶ֥שֶׂרtenNum f sg abs · עֶשֶׂר (H6235)Numeral (predicate)עֶשֶׂר (H6235) 'ten'; the length in cubits of each frame-board (c. 4.5 m).
אַמּ֖וֹתcubitsN f pl abs · אַמָּה (H520)Subject complement (measure noun)אַמָּה (H520) 'cubit'; the standard measuring unit, pl. here.
אֹ֣רֶךְthe length ofN m sg constr · אֹרֶךְ (H753)Subject (construct, of הַקָּרֶשׁ)אֹרֶךְ (H753) 'length'; opens the dimension formula for the boards.
הַקָּ֑רֶשׁthe boardart + N m sg abs · קֶרֶשׁ (H7175)Genitive (construct, of אֹרֶךְ)קֶרֶשׁ (H7175) 'board, frame'; the standard upright unit of the tabernacle wall.
וְאַמָּה֙and a cubitconj וְ + N f sg abs · אַמָּה (H520)Coordinate subject (measure noun)אַמָּה (H520) 'cubit'; the first part of the width measure, one and a half cubits.
וַחֲצִ֣יand halfconj + N m sg constr · חֲצִי (H2677)Coordinate numeral (construct)חֲצִי (H2677) 'half'; combines with הָאַמָּה for the fractional width, 1.5 cubits (c. 68 cm).
הָֽאַמָּ֔הthe cubitart + N f sg abs · אַמָּה (H520)Genitive (of construct חֲצִי)אַמָּה (H520) 'cubit'; completes the fractional measure 'half a cubit'.
רֹ֖חַבthe width ofN m sg constr · רֹחַב (H7341)Subject (construct)רֹחַב (H7341) 'breadth, width'; the second dimension of each board.
הַקֶּ֥רֶשׁthe boardart + N m sg abs · קֶרֶשׁ (H7175)Genitive (construct, of רֹחַב)קֶרֶשׁ (H7175) 'board'; resumed for the width measurement.
הָאֶחָֽדeach oneart + Num m sg abs · אֶחָד (H259)Apposition (distributive)אֶחָד (H259) 'one'; distributive, 'each single board'.
17
שְׁתֵּ֣י יָד֗וֹת לַקֶּ֨רֶשׁ֙ הָאֶחָ֔ד מְשֻׁלָּבֹ֔ת אִשָּׁ֖ה אֶל אֲחֹתָ֑הּ כֵּ֣ן תַּעֲשֶׂ֔ה לְכֹ֖ל קַרְשֵׁ֥י הַמִּשְׁכָּֽן
Each board shall have two tenons, fitted to one another; thus you shall make for all the boards of the tabernacle.
Specifies the two tenons per board that will fit into the silver sockets of v.19, uniform for every board of the frame.
Word-by-word analysis· 13 words
שְׁתֵּ֣יtwoNum f dual constr · שְׁתַּיִם (H8147)Numeral (construct, subject)שְׁתַּיִם (H8147) 'two'; each board has two peg-like tenons for insertion into its sockets.
יָד֗וֹתtenonsN com pl abs · יָד (H3027)Subjectיָד (H3027) 'hand'; here technically 'tenon, peg' — the projecting dowels at a board's foot fitting into the silver sockets.
לַקֶּ֨רֶשׁ֙for each boardprep לְ + art + N m sg abs · קֶרֶשׁ (H7175)Prepositional phrase (possession, 'for/of each board')קֶרֶשׁ (H7175) 'board'; the standard frame-unit receiving the two tenons.
הָאֶחָ֔דeach oneart + Num m sg abs · אֶחָד (H259)Apposition (distributive)אֶחָד (H259) 'one'; distributive, applying the tenon-count to every board.
מְשֻׁלָּבֹ֔תfittedPual ptc f pl abs · שָׁלַב (H7947)Attributive participle modifying יָדוֹת→ Passive participle: a resultant fitted/interlocking stateשָׁלַב (H7947) Pual 'to be joined, fitted together'; describes the tenons precisely matched/aligned to their sockets.
אִשָּׁ֖הeachN f sg abs · אִשָּׁה (H802)Adverbial accusative (distributive idiom)אִשָּׁה (H802) idiomatic distributive, 'each to another'.
אֶלtoprep · אֶל (H413)Prepositional phrase (goal)אֶל (H413) 'to, toward'; completes the reciprocal idiom for the fitted tenons.
אֲחֹתָ֑הּits counterpartN f sg constr + 3fs suffix · אָחוֹת (H269)Object of preposition (reciprocal idiom)אָחוֹת (H269) 'sister'; closes the idiom describing the two tenons matched precisely to their sockets.
כֵּ֣ןthusadv · כֵּן (H3651)Adverbial (manner, 'thus/likewise')כֵּן (H3651) 'so, thus'; signals that this joinery pattern applies uniformly to every board.
תַּעֲשֶׂ֔הyou shall makeQal impf 2ms · עָשָׂה (H6213)Predicate verb (main clause)→ Yiqtol: instructional futureעָשָׂה (H6213) 'to make'; commands the uniform tenon-joinery for the entire frame.
לְכֹ֖לfor allprep לְ + N m sg constr · כֹּל (H3605)Prepositional phrase (distributive)כֹּל (H3605) 'all, every, whole'; here distributive, 'for every one of' the boards.
קַרְשֵׁ֥יthe boards ofN m pl constr · קֶרֶשׁ (H7175)Genitive (construct)קֶרֶשׁ (H7175) pl.; the full set of frame-boards forming the tabernacle's walls.
הַמִּשְׁכָּֽןthe tabernacleart + N m sg abs · מִשְׁכָּן (H4908)Genitiveמִשְׁכָּן (H4908) 'dwelling place'; the structure whose every board follows this joinery pattern.
18
וְעָשִׂ֥יתָ אֶת הַקְּרָשִׁ֖ים לַמִּשְׁכָּ֑ן עֶשְׂרִ֣ים קֶ֔רֶשׁ לִפְאַ֖ת נֶ֥גְבָּה תֵימָֽנָה
You shall make the boards for the tabernacle: twenty boards for the south side.
Assigns twenty boards to the south wall, the first of the tabernacle's three standing walls to be specified (south, north, then rear in vv.20-25).
Word-by-word analysis· 9 words
וְעָשִׂ֥יתָand you shall makeconj וְ + Qal perf (weqatal) 2ms · עָשָׂה (H6213)Predicate verb (weqatal, main clause)→ Weqatal: sequential instructional futureעָשָׂה (H6213) 'to make'; begins the wall-by-wall specification of the boards.
אֶת[obj]obj marker · אֵת (H853)Direct-object markerאֵת (H853); marks הַקְּרָשִׁים as the definite direct object.
הַקְּרָשִׁ֖יםthe boardsart + N m pl abs · קֶרֶשׁ (H7175)Direct objectקֶרֶשׁ (H7175) pl.; the frame-units now to be counted per wall.
לַמִּשְׁכָּ֑ןfor the tabernacleprep לְ + art + N m sg abs · מִשְׁכָּן (H4908)Prepositional phrase (purpose)מִשְׁכָּן (H4908) 'dwelling place'; the structure the boards will form.
עֶשְׂרִ֣יםtwentyNum com pl abs · עֶשְׂרִים (H6242)Numeral (apposition, object)עֶשְׂרִים (H6242) 'twenty'; the number of boards for the south wall.
קֶ֔רֶשׁboardsN m sg abs · קֶרֶשׁ (H7175)Direct object (in apposition, distributive singular after numeral)קֶרֶשׁ (H7175) 'board'; singular form used distributively after the numeral, per Hebrew idiom.
לִפְאַ֖תfor the side ofprep לְ + N f sg constr · פֵּאָה (H6285)Prepositional phrase (locative)פֵּאָה (H6285) 'side, edge, quarter'; designates the cardinal side of the tabernacle being specified.
נֶ֥גְבָּהsouthwardN m sg abs + directional ה · נֶגֶב (H5045)Adverbial (directional, in apposition to לִפְאַת)נֶגֶב (H5045) 'south, the Negev'; with directional הּ, 'toward the south' — reinforced by the synonym תֵּימָנָה following.
תֵימָֽנָהsouthwardN f sg abs + directional ה · תֵּימָן (H8486)Adverbial (directional, in apposition, reinforcing נֶגְבָּה)תֵּימָן (H8486) 'south, right hand (south when facing east)'; a synonym doublet with נֶגְבָּה emphasizing the southern wall.
19
וְאַרְבָּעִים֙ אַדְנֵי כֶ֔סֶף תַּעֲשֶׂ֕ה תַּ֖חַת עֶשְׂרִ֣ים הַקָּ֑רֶשׁ שְׁנֵ֨י אֲדָנִ֜ים תַּֽחַת הַקֶּ֤רֶשׁ הָאֶחָד֙ לִשְׁתֵּ֣י יְדֹתָ֔יו וּשְׁנֵ֧י אֲדָנִ֛ים תַּֽחַת הַקֶּ֥רֶשׁ הָאֶחָ֖ד לִשְׁתֵּ֥י יְדֹתָֽיו
You shall make forty silver sockets under the twenty boards: two sockets under one board for its two tenons, and two sockets under another board for its two tenons.
Forty silver sockets, two per board, anchor the twenty south-wall boards; the sockets are cast from the atonement silver of the wilderness census (cf. 30:11-16; 38:25-27).
Word-by-word analysis· 21 words
וְאַרְבָּעִים֙and fortyconj וְ + Num com pl abs · אַרְבָּעִים (H705)Numeral (object)אַרְבָּעִים (H705) 'forty', pl. of אַרְבַּע; two sockets per board times twenty boards.
אַדְנֵיsockets ofN m pl constr · אֶדֶן (H134)Direct object (construct)אֶדֶן (H134) 'socket, base, pedestal'; silver footings into which the boards' tenons are set, stabilizing the frame.
כֶ֔סֶףsilverN m sg abs · כֶּסֶף (H3701)Genitive (material)כֶּסֶף (H3701) 'silver'; the sockets are cast from silver collected as the atonement-tax, so the tabernacle's foundation is literally ransom-money.
תַּעֲשֶׂ֕הyou shall makeQal impf 2ms · עָשָׂה (H6213)Predicate verb (main clause)→ Yiqtol: instructional futureעָשָׂה (H6213) 'to make'; commands the casting of the forty silver sockets.
תַּ֖חַתunderprep · תַּחַת (H8478)Locative prepositional phraseתַּחַת (H8478) 'under, beneath'; positions the sockets beneath each board.
עֶשְׂרִ֣יםthe twentyNum com pl abs · עֶשְׂרִים (H6242)Numeral (attributive, apposition)עֶשְׂרִים (H6242) 'twenty'; the number of boards on the south wall, from v.18.
הַקָּ֑רֶשׁboardsart + N m sg abs · קֶרֶשׁ (H7175)Object of preposition (collective singular)קֶרֶשׁ (H7175) 'board'; singular used collectively for the class of south-wall boards.
שְׁנֵ֨יtwoNum m dual constr · שְׁתַּיִם (H8147)Numeral (construct, subject)שְׁתַּיִם (H8147) 'two'; the number of sockets per board.
אֲדָנִ֜יםsocketsN m pl abs · אֶדֶן (H134)Subjectאֶדֶן (H134) 'socket'; the pair of footings beneath a single board.
תַּֽחַתunderprep · תַּחַת (H8478)Locative prepositional phraseתַּחַת (H8478) 'under, beneath'; positions these two sockets.
הַקֶּ֤רֶשׁthe boardart + N m sg abs · קֶרֶשׁ (H7175)Object of prepositionקֶרֶשׁ (H7175) 'board'; one specific frame-unit.
הָאֶחָד֙the oneart + Num m sg abs · אֶחָד (H259)Apposition (distributive)אֶחָד (H259) 'one'; distributive, 'one board' as an illustrative example.
לִשְׁתֵּ֣יfor its twoprep לְ + Num f dual constr · שְׁתַּיִם (H8147)Prepositional phrase (purpose, 'for its two')שְׁתַּיִם (H8147) 'two'; matches the board's two tenons.
יְדֹתָ֔יוtenonsN com pl constr + 3ms suffix · יָד (H3027)Object of prepositionיָד (H3027) 'hand'; here 'tenon, peg' — the board's two projecting dowels.
וּשְׁנֵ֧יand twoconj + Num m dual constr · שְׁתַּיִם (H8147)Coordinate numeral (construct)שְׁתַּיִם (H8147) 'two'; the sockets for the second illustrative board.
אֲדָנִ֛יםsocketsN m pl abs · אֶדֶן (H134)Subjectאֶדֶן (H134) 'socket'; the second pair of footings.
תַּֽחַתunderprep · תַּחַת (H8478)Locative prepositional phraseתַּחַת (H8478) 'under, beneath'; positions the second pair of sockets.
הַקֶּ֥רֶשׁthe boardart + N m sg abs · קֶרֶשׁ (H7175)Object of prepositionקֶרֶשׁ (H7175) 'board'; a second specific frame-unit.
הָאֶחָ֖דthe oneart + Num m sg abs · אֶחָד (H259)Apposition (distributive)אֶחָד (H259) 'one'; distributive, 'another board'.
לִשְׁתֵּ֥יfor its twoprep לְ + Num f dual constr · שְׁתַּיִם (H8147)Prepositional phrase (purpose)שְׁתַּיִם (H8147) 'two'; matches this board's two tenons.
יְדֹתָֽיוtenonsN com pl constr + 3ms suffix · יָד (H3027)Object of prepositionיָד (H3027) 'tenon, peg'; closes the pattern applied board by board.
20
וּלְצֶ֧לַע הַמִּשְׁכָּ֛ן הַשֵּׁנִ֖ית לִפְאַ֣ת צָפ֑וֹן עֶשְׂרִ֖ים קָֽרֶשׁ
And for the second side of the tabernacle, the north side, twenty boards.
Parallels v.18 for the second (north) wall — twenty boards, matched by forty silver sockets in v.21.
Word-by-word analysis· 7 words
וּלְצֶ֧לַעand for the side ofconj + prep לְ + N com sg constr · צֵלָע (H6763)Prepositional phrase (locative, topic)צֵלָע (H6763) 'side, rib, flank'; the long north/south walls of the tabernacle frame (cf. צַד H6654 used similarly in v.13).
הַמִּשְׁכָּ֛ןthe tabernacleart + N m sg abs · מִשְׁכָּן (H4908)Genitiveמִשְׁכָּן (H4908) 'dwelling place'; whose second long wall is now specified.
הַשֵּׁנִ֖יתthe secondart + Ordinal f sg abs · שֵׁנִי (H8145)Attributive ordinal modifying צֶלַעשֵׁנִי (H8145) 'second'; identifies the north wall as the second of the tabernacle's long sides.
לִפְאַ֣תfor the side ofprep לְ + N f sg constr · פֵּאָה (H6285)Prepositional phrase (locative, apposition)פֵּאָה (H6285) 'side, edge, quarter'; specifies the cardinal orientation.
צָפ֑וֹןnorthN f sg abs · צָפוֹן (H6828)Genitive (apposition, cardinal direction)צָפוֹן (H6828) 'north'; the second long wall, opposite the south wall of v.18.
עֶשְׂרִ֖יםtwentyNum com pl abs · עֶשְׂרִים (H6242)Numeral (predicate)עֶשְׂרִים (H6242) 'twenty'; the same board-count as the south wall.
קָֽרֶשׁboardsN m sg abs · קֶרֶשׁ (H7175)Subject complement (distributive singular)קֶרֶשׁ (H7175) 'board'; singular used distributively for the class of north-wall boards.
21
וְאַרְבָּעִ֥ים אַדְנֵיהֶ֖ם כָּ֑סֶף שְׁנֵ֣י אֲדָנִ֗ים תַּ֚חַת הַקֶּ֣רֶשׁ הָֽאֶחָ֔ד וּשְׁנֵ֣י אֲדָנִ֔ים תַּ֖חַת הַקֶּ֥רֶשׁ הָאֶחָֽד
Their forty sockets shall be silver: two sockets under one board, and two sockets under another board.
Completes the north wall's specification with its forty silver sockets, matching v.19's pattern for the south wall.
Word-by-word analysis· 13 words
וְאַרְבָּעִ֥יםand fortyconj וְ + Num com pl abs · אַרְבָּעִים (H705)Numeral (subject)אַרְבָּעִים (H705) 'forty'; the north wall's socket-count, matching the south wall.
אַדְנֵיהֶ֖םtheir socketsN m pl constr + 3mp suffix · אֶדֶן (H134)Subjectאֶדֶן (H134) pl.; the footings for the twenty north-wall boards.
כָּ֑סֶףshall be silverN m sg abs · כֶּסֶף (H3701)Predicate noun (material)כֶּסֶף (H3701) 'silver'; the material of the north-wall sockets, as for the south wall.
שְׁנֵ֣יtwoNum m dual constr · שְׁתַּיִם (H8147)Numeral (construct, subject)שְׁתַּיִם (H8147) 'two'; sockets per board.
אֲדָנִ֗יםsocketsN m pl abs · אֶדֶן (H134)Subjectאֶדֶן (H134) 'socket'; the pair beneath a single board.
תַּ֚חַתunderprep · תַּחַת (H8478)Locative prepositional phraseתַּחַת (H8478) 'under, beneath'.
הַקֶּ֣רֶשׁthe boardart + N m sg abs · קֶרֶשׁ (H7175)Object of prepositionקֶרֶשׁ (H7175) 'board'; one frame-unit.
הָֽאֶחָ֔דthe oneart + Num m sg abs · אֶחָד (H259)Apposition (distributive)אֶחָד (H259) 'one'; illustrative single board.
וּשְׁנֵ֣יand twoconj + Num m dual constr · שְׁתַּיִם (H8147)Coordinate numeralשְׁתַּיִם (H8147) 'two'; the sockets for a second illustrative board.
אֲדָנִ֔יםsocketsN m pl abs · אֶדֶן (H134)Subjectאֶדֶן (H134) 'socket'; the second pair of footings.
תַּ֖חַתunderprep · תַּחַת (H8478)Locative prepositional phraseתַּחַת (H8478) 'under, beneath'.
הַקֶּ֥רֶשׁthe boardart + N m sg abs · קֶרֶשׁ (H7175)Object of prepositionקֶרֶשׁ (H7175) 'board'; a second frame-unit.
הָאֶחָֽדthe oneart + Num m sg abs · אֶחָד (H259)Apposition (distributive)אֶחָד (H259) 'one'; closes the pattern, board by board.
22
וּֽלְיַרְכְּתֵ֥י הַמִּשְׁכָּ֖ן יָ֑מָּה תַּעֲשֶׂ֖ה שִׁשָּׁ֥ה קְרָשִֽׁים
For the rear of the tabernacle, westward, you shall make six boards.
The shorter rear wall needs only six boards plus two special corner-boards (v.23), since it closes the tabernacle's far end.
Word-by-word analysis· 6 words
וּֽלְיַרְכְּתֵ֥יand for the rear ofconj + prep לְ + N f dual constr · יְרֵכָה (H3411)Prepositional phrase (locative, topic)יְרֵכָה (H3411) 'rear part, back side, flank'; dual יַרְכְּתַיִם, the tabernacle's rear (west) wall, shorter and requiring fewer boards.
הַמִּשְׁכָּ֖ןthe tabernacleart + N m sg abs · מִשְׁכָּן (H4908)Genitiveמִשְׁכָּן (H4908) 'dwelling place'; whose rear wall is now specified.
יָ֑מָּהwestwardN m sg abs + directional ה · יָם (H3220)Adverbial (directional, apposition to יַרְכְּתֵי)יָם (H3220) 'sea'; with directional הּ, 'seaward' = westward (the Mediterranean lying west of Israel) — the tabernacle's rear wall.
תַּעֲשֶׂ֖הyou shall makeQal impf 2ms · עָשָׂה (H6213)Predicate verb (main clause)→ Yiqtol: instructional futureעָשָׂה (H6213) 'to make'; commands the number of boards for the rear wall.
שִׁשָּׁ֥הsixNum m sg abs · שִׁשָּׁה (H8337)Numeral (object)שִׁשָּׁה (H8337) 'six' (masc. form); the number of boards for the shorter rear wall.
קְרָשִֽׁיםboardsN m pl abs · קֶרֶשׁ (H7175)Direct objectקֶרֶשׁ (H7175) pl.; the rear-wall frame-units.
23
וּשְׁנֵ֤י קְרָשִׁים֙ תַּעֲשֶׂ֔ה לִמְקֻצְעֹ֖ת הַמִּשְׁכָּ֑ן בַּיַּרְכָתָֽיִם
And two boards you shall make for the corners of the tabernacle at the rear.
Adds two special corner-boards to the rear wall's six, reinforcing the structurally vulnerable corners where the rear meets the two long side-walls.
Word-by-word analysis· 6 words
וּשְׁנֵ֤יand twoconj + Num m dual constr · שְׁנַיִם (H8147)Numeral (construct, object)שְׁנַיִם (H8147) 'two'; the additional corner-boards beyond the six of v.22.
קְרָשִׁים֙boardsN m pl abs · קֶרֶשׁ (H7175)Direct objectקֶרֶשׁ (H7175) pl.; the special reinforcing boards for the rear corners.
תַּעֲשֶׂ֔הyou shall makeQal impf 2ms · עָשָׂה (H6213)Predicate verb (main clause)→ Yiqtol: instructional futureעָשָׂה (H6213) 'to make'; commands the additional corner-boards.
לִמְקֻצְעֹ֖תfor the corners ofprep לְ + Pual ptc f pl constr · קָצַע (H4742)Prepositional phrase (locative, construct)→ Passive participle (substantival): a fixed designation for the structurally cornered pointsקָצַע (H4742) Pual 'to be cornered, angled'; substantivized as 'the corner-pieces' — special L-shaped boards reinforcing the tabernacle's rear corners (cf. v.24).
הַמִּשְׁכָּ֑ןthe tabernacleart + N m sg abs · מִשְׁכָּן (H4908)Genitiveמִשְׁכָּן (H4908) 'dwelling place'; whose rear corners are reinforced.
בַּיַּרְכָתָֽיִםat the rearprep בְּ + art + N f dual abs · יַרְכָה (H3411)Adverbial prepositional phrase (locative)יְרֵכָה (H3411) 'rear part'; dual, the rear (west) end where these corner-boards stand.
24
וְיִֽהְי֣וּ תֹֽאֲמִים֮ מִלְּמַטָּה֒ וְיַחְדָּ֗ו יִהְי֤וּ תַמִּים֙ עַל רֹאשׁ֔וֹ אֶל הַטַּבַּ֖עַת הָאֶחָ֑ת כֵּ֚ן יִהְיֶ֣ה לִשְׁנֵיהֶ֔ם לִשְׁנֵ֥י הַמִּקְצֹעֹ֖ת יִהְיֽוּ
They shall be paired from the bottom, and together they shall be complete up to its top, to the first ring; thus it shall be for both of them — they shall form the two corners.
Details how the two corner-boards are doubled/paired from base to a single ring at the top, locking the rear corners rigid.
Word-by-word analysis· 17 words
וְיִֽהְי֣וּand they shall beconj + Qal impf 3mp · הָיָה (H1961)Predicate verb (main clause)→ Yiqtol: instructional futureהָיָה (H1961) 'to be'; introduces the description of how the two corner-boards are fitted.
תֹֽאֲמִים֮pairedN m pl abs · תְּאוֹם (H8382)Predicate noun (complement of יִהְיוּ)תְּאוֹם (H8382) 'twin'; here adjectival, 'twinned/doubled' — the two corner-boards are joined as a matched pair from the base.
מִלְּמַטָּה֒from belowprep מִן + לְ + adv · מַטָּה (H4295)Adverbial prepositional phrase (locative)מַטָּה (H4295) 'below, beneath'; specifies the pairing begins at the boards' foot.
וְיַחְדָּ֗וand togetherconj + adv · יַחְדָּו (H3162)Adverbial (manner, 'together')יַחְדָּו (H3162) 'together, as one'; stresses the unified fit of the corner-boards along their full height.
יִהְי֤וּthey shall beQal impf 3mp · הָיָה (H1961)Predicate verb (main clause, resumptive)→ Yiqtol: instructional futureהָיָה (H1961) 'to be'; resumes the description at the boards' top.
תַמִּים֙completeAdj m pl abs · תָּמִים (H8535)Predicate adjectiveתָּמִים (H8535) 'complete, whole, perfect'; the paired boards form a single continuous unit without a seam.
עַלup toprep · עַל (H5921)Locative prepositional phraseעַל (H5921) 'on, upon, up to'; marks the extent of the pairing.
רֹאשׁ֔וֹits topN m sg constr + 3ms suffix · רֹאשׁ (H7218)Object of preposition (locative)רֹאשׁ (H7218) 'head, top'; marks the upper terminus of the paired corner-boards.
אֶלtoprep · אֶל (H413)Prepositional phrase (goal)אֶל (H413) 'to, toward'; introduces the ring at the boards' apex.
הַטַּבַּ֖עַתthe ringart + N f sg abs · טַבַּעַת (H2885)Object of preposition (locative)טַבַּעַת (H2885) 'ring, signet'; the gold ring at the boards' apex (cf. v.29) securing the frame corner together at the top.
הָאֶחָ֑תthe firstart + Num f sg abs · אֶחָד (H259)Apposition (ordinal 'first')אֶחָד (H259) 'one'; here 'the first (ring),' identifying which of the frame's several rings is meant.
כֵּ֚ןthusadv · כֵּן (H3651)Adverbial (manner, 'thus')כֵּן (H3651) 'so, thus'; signals that this construction applies identically to both corners.
יִהְיֶ֣הit shall beQal impf 3ms · הָיָה (H1961)Predicate verb (main clause)→ Yiqtol: instructional futureהָיָה (H1961) 'to be'; states that the pattern holds for both corner-boards.
לִשְׁנֵיהֶ֔םfor both of themprep לְ + Num com dual constr + 3mp suffix · שְׁנַיִם (H8147)Prepositional phrase (reference, 'for the two of them')שְׁנַיִם (H8147) 'two'; refers back to the pair of corner-boards.
לִשְׁנֵ֥יfor the two ofprep לְ + Num m dual constr · שְׁנַיִם (H8147)Prepositional phrase (reference, construct)שְׁנַיִם (H8147) 'two'; construct with הַמִּקְצֹעֹת, 'the two corners'.
הַמִּקְצֹעֹ֖תthe cornersart + N m pl abs · מִקְצֹעַ (H4740)Subject complement (apposition)מִקְצֹעַ (H4740) 'corner, angle'; the two rear corner-posts of the tabernacle frame, formed by these specially paired boards.
יִהְיֽוּthey shall beQal impf 3mp · הָיָה (H1961)Predicate verb (closing main clause)→ Yiqtol: instructional futureהָיָה (H1961) 'to be'; closes the description of the corner construction.
25
וְהָיוּ֙ שְׁמֹנָ֣ה קְרָשִׁ֔ים וְאַדְנֵיהֶ֣ם כֶּ֔סֶף שִׁשָּׁ֥ה עָשָׂ֖ר אֲדָנִ֑ים שְׁנֵ֣י אֲדָנִ֗ים תַּ֚חַת הַקֶּ֣רֶשׁ הָאֶחָ֔ד וּשְׁנֵ֣י אֲדָנִ֔ים תַּ֖חַת הַקֶּ֥רֶשׁ הָאֶחָֽד
So there shall be eight boards, with their sixteen silver sockets: two sockets under one board, and two sockets under another.
Totals the rear wall's eight boards (six plus two corner-boards) and their sixteen silver sockets, closing the wall-by-wall specification of vv.18-25.
Word-by-word analysis· 18 words
וְהָיוּ֙and there shall beconj + Qal perf (weqatal) 3cp · הָיָה (H1961)Predicate verb (summary result clause)→ Weqatal: summarizing resultative — totaling the west-wall boardsהָיָה (H1961) 'to be'; introduces the summary total for the rear wall.
שְׁמֹנָ֣הeightNum m sg abs · שְׁמֹנָה (H8083)Numeral (predicate)שְׁמֹנָה (H8083) 'eight' (masc. form); the total boards of the rear wall (six plus two corner-boards, vv.22-23).
קְרָשִׁ֔יםboardsN m pl abs · קֶרֶשׁ (H7175)Subjectקֶרֶשׁ (H7175) pl.; the complete rear-wall frame.
וְאַדְנֵיהֶ֣םand their socketsconj + N m pl constr + 3mp suffix · אֶדֶן (H134)Coordinate subjectאֶדֶן (H134) pl.; the footings for all eight rear-wall boards.
כֶּ֔סֶףshall be silverN m sg abs · כֶּסֶף (H3701)Predicate noun (material)כֶּסֶף (H3701) 'silver'; the material of the rear-wall sockets, matching south and north.
שִׁשָּׁ֥הsixteenNum m sg abs · שִׁשָּׁה (H8337)Numeral (first element of 'sixteen')שִׁשָּׁה (H8337) 'six' (masc.); combines with עָשָׂר for 'sixteen' sockets (two per board times eight boards).
עָשָׂ֖ר-teenNum m sg abs · עָשָׂר (H6240)Numeral (second element of 'sixteen')עָשָׂר (H6240) '-teen' (masc.); completes 'sixteen' with שִׁשָּׁה.
אֲדָנִ֑יםsocketsN m pl abs · אֶדֶן (H134)Subject complement (apposition)אֶדֶן (H134) pl.; the total socket-count for the rear wall.
שְׁנֵ֣יtwoNum m dual constr · שְׁתַּיִם (H8147)Numeral (construct)שְׁתַּיִם (H8147) 'two'; sockets per board, restated distributively.
אֲדָנִ֗יםsocketsN m pl abs · אֶדֶן (H134)Subjectאֶדֶן (H134) 'socket'; the pair beneath one board.
תַּ֚חַתunderprep · תַּחַת (H8478)Locative prepositional phraseתַּחַת (H8478) 'under, beneath'.
הַקֶּ֣רֶשׁthe boardart + N m sg abs · קֶרֶשׁ (H7175)Object of prepositionקֶרֶשׁ (H7175) 'board'; one rear-wall frame-unit.
הָאֶחָ֔דthe oneart + Num m sg abs · אֶחָד (H259)Apposition (distributive)אֶחָד (H259) 'one'; illustrative single board.
וּשְׁנֵ֣יand twoconj + Num m dual constr · שְׁתַּיִם (H8147)Coordinate numeralשְׁתַּיִם (H8147) 'two'; sockets for a second illustrative board.
אֲדָנִ֔יםsocketsN m pl abs · אֶדֶן (H134)Subjectאֶדֶן (H134) 'socket'; the second pair of footings.
תַּ֖חַתunderprep · תַּחַת (H8478)Locative prepositional phraseתַּחַת (H8478) 'under, beneath'.
הַקֶּ֥רֶשׁthe boardart + N m sg abs · קֶרֶשׁ (H7175)Object of prepositionקֶרֶשׁ (H7175) 'board'; a second frame-unit.
הָאֶחָֽדthe oneart + Num m sg abs · אֶחָד (H259)Apposition (distributive)אֶחָד (H259) 'one'; closes the socket-count pattern.
26
וְעָשִׂ֥יתָ בְרִיחִ֖ם עֲצֵ֣י שִׁטִּ֑ים חֲמִשָּׁ֕ה לְקַרְשֵׁ֥י צֶֽלַע הַמִּשְׁכָּ֖ן הָאֶחָֽד
You shall make bars of acacia wood: five for the boards of the one side of the tabernacle.
Five acacia bars per wall (south, north, and rear, vv.26-27) brace the upright boards horizontally, rigidifying the frame.
Word-by-word analysis· 9 words
וְעָשִׂ֥יתָand you shall makeconj וְ + Qal perf (weqatal) 2ms · עָשָׂה (H6213)Predicate verb (weqatal, main clause)→ Weqatal: sequential instructional futureעָשָׂה (H6213) 'to make'; introduces the bracing bars for the standing frame.
בְרִיחִ֖םbarsN m pl abs · בְּרִיחַ (H1280)Direct objectבְּרִיחַ (H1280) 'bar, crossbar'; horizontal acacia rods threaded through rings (v.29) on the boards, locking the wall-frame rigid.
עֲצֵ֣יwood ofN m pl constr · עֵץ (H6086)Genitive (construct, material)עֵץ (H6086) 'tree, wood'; construct with שִׁטִּים specifying the material.
שִׁטִּ֑יםacaciaN f pl abs · שִׁטָּה (H7848)Genitive (of construct עֲצֵי)שִׁטָּה (H7848) 'acacia'; the standard tabernacle timber, as for the boards themselves.
חֲמִשָּׁ֕הfiveNum m sg abs · חֲמִשָּׁה (H2568)Numeral (apposition, 'five [bars]')חֲמִשָּׁה (H2568) 'five' (masc. form of חָמֵשׁ); the number of bars per wall.
לְקַרְשֵׁ֥יfor the boards ofprep לְ + N m pl constr · קֶרֶשׁ (H7175)Prepositional phrase (purpose, possession)קֶרֶשׁ (H7175) pl.; the boards which these bars brace.
צֶֽלַעthe side ofN com sg constr · צֵלָע (H6763)Genitive (construct, locative)צֵלָע (H6763) 'side, flank'; the wall the bars belong to.
הַמִּשְׁכָּ֖ןthe tabernacleart + N m sg abs · מִשְׁכָּן (H4908)Genitiveמִשְׁכָּן (H4908) 'dwelling place'; whose side-wall is braced.
הָאֶחָֽדthe oneart + Num m sg abs · אֶחָד (H259)Apposition (distributive, 'the one/first side')אֶחָד (H259) 'one'; identifies this as one of the tabernacle's walls, here the south side (paired with the second, north, in v.27).
27
וַחֲמִשָּׁ֣ה בְרִיחִ֔ם לְקַרְשֵׁ֥י צֶֽלַע הַמִּשְׁכָּ֖ן הַשֵּׁנִ֑ית וַחֲמִשָּׁ֣ה בְרִיחִ֗ם לְקַרְשֵׁי֙ צֶ֣לַע הַמִּשְׁכָּ֔ן לַיַּרְכָתַ֖יִם יָֽמָּה
And five bars for the boards of the second side of the tabernacle, and five bars for the boards of the tabernacle's rear side, westward.
Completes the bar-count for the remaining two walls (north and rear), paralleling v.26's south-wall specification.
Word-by-word analysis· 13 words
וַחֲמִשָּׁ֣הand fiveconj + Num m sg abs · חֲמִשָּׁה (H2568)Numeral (apposition)חֲמִשָּׁה (H2568) 'five'; the bar-count for the north wall.
בְרִיחִ֔םbarsN m pl abs · בְּרִיחַ (H1280)Direct object (elliptical, continuing תַּעֲשֶׂה)בְּרִיחַ (H1280) pl.; the horizontal braces for the north wall.
לְקַרְשֵׁ֥יfor the boards ofprep לְ + N m pl constr · קֶרֶשׁ (H7175)Prepositional phrase (purpose, possession)קֶרֶשׁ (H7175) pl.; the north-wall boards braced by these bars.
צֶֽלַעthe side ofN com sg constr · צֵלָע (H6763)Genitive (construct, locative)צֵלָע (H6763) 'side, flank'; the wall in view.
הַמִּשְׁכָּ֖ןthe tabernacleart + N m sg abs · מִשְׁכָּן (H4908)Genitiveמִשְׁכָּן (H4908) 'dwelling place'.
הַשֵּׁנִ֑יתthe secondart + Ordinal f sg abs · שֵׁנִי (H8145)Attributive ordinal modifying צֶלַעשֵׁנִי (H8145) 'second'; identifies the north wall.
וַחֲמִשָּׁ֣הand fiveconj + Num m sg abs · חֲמִשָּׁה (H2568)Coordinate numeralחֲמִשָּׁה (H2568) 'five'; the bar-count for the rear wall.
בְרִיחִ֗םbarsN m pl abs · בְּרִיחַ (H1280)Direct objectבְּרִיחַ (H1280) pl.; the horizontal braces for the rear wall.
לְקַרְשֵׁי֙for the boards ofprep לְ + N m pl constr · קֶרֶשׁ (H7175)Prepositional phrase (purpose, possession)קֶרֶשׁ (H7175) pl.; the rear-wall boards braced by these bars.
צֶ֣לַעthe side ofN com sg constr · צֵלָע (H6763)Genitive (construct, locative)צֵלָע (H6763) 'side, flank'; the rear wall.
הַמִּשְׁכָּ֔ןthe tabernacleart + N m sg abs · מִשְׁכָּן (H4908)Genitiveמִשְׁכָּן (H4908) 'dwelling place'.
לַיַּרְכָתַ֖יִםat the rearprep לְ + art + N f dual abs · יְרֵכָה (H3411)Adverbial prepositional phrase (locative)יְרֵכָה (H3411) 'rear part'; dual, identifying the rear (west) wall.
יָֽמָּהwestwardN m sg abs + directional ה · יָם (H3220)Adverbial (directional, apposition)יָם (H3220) 'sea'; with directional הּ, 'seaward/westward,' reinforcing יַרְכָתַיִם.
28
וְהַבְּרִ֥יחַ הַתִּיכֹ֖ן בְּת֣וֹךְ הַקְּרָשִׁ֑ים מַבְרִ֕חַ מִן הַקָּצֶ֖ה אֶל הַקָּצֶֽה
And the middle bar, in the midst of the boards, shall pass through from end to end.
Singles out the middle bar as running the full interior length of each wall, distinct in placement from the other four bars of vv.26-27.
Word-by-word analysis· 9 words
וְהַבְּרִ֥יחַand the barconj + art + N m sg abs · בְּרִיחַ (H1280)Subjectבְּרִיחַ (H1280) 'bar, crossbar'; singled out here as the central one of the five per wall.
הַתִּיכֹ֖ןthe middleart + Adj m sg abs · תִּיכוֹן (H8484)Attributive adjective modifying הַבְּרִיחַתִּיכוֹן (H8484) 'middle, central', from תָּוֶךְ; the central bar runs the full length inside the boards, unlike the shorter outer bars.
בְּת֣וֹךְin the midst ofprep בְּ + N m sg constr · תָּוֶךְ (H8432)Adverbial prepositional phrase (locative)תָּוֶךְ (H8432) 'midst, middle'; locates the middle bar running through the interior of the boards themselves, per tradition through drilled holes.
הַקְּרָשִׁ֑יםthe boardsart + N m pl abs · קֶרֶשׁ (H7175)Object of prepositionקֶרֶשׁ (H7175) pl.; the frame through which the middle bar passes.
מַבְרִ֕חַshall pass throughHiphil ptc m sg abs · בָּרַח (H1272)Predicate participle (main clause)→ Participle: describing the bar's continuous, span-length functionבָּרַח (H1272) Hiphil 'to cause to flee/pass through'; participle describing the bar's action of running/passing the full span of the wall.
מִןfromprep · מִן (H4480)Prepositional phrase (source, 'from end')מִן (H4480) 'from'; marks the starting point of the bar's span.
הַקָּצֶ֖הthe endart + N com sg abs · קָצֶה (H7097)Object of prepositionקָצֶה (H7097) 'end, extremity'; one terminus of the wall.
אֶלtoprep · אֶל (H413)Prepositional phrase (goal)אֶל (H413) 'to, toward'; marks the far terminus of the bar's span.
הַקָּצֶֽהthe endart + N com sg abs · קָצֶה (H7097)Object of prepositionקָצֶה (H7097) 'end, extremity'; the opposite terminus, completing 'from end to end'.
29
וְֽאֶת הַקְּרָשִׁ֞ים תְּצַפֶּ֣ה זָהָ֗ב וְאֶת טַבְּעֹֽתֵיהֶם֙ תַּעֲשֶׂ֣ה זָהָ֔ב בָּתִּ֖ים לַבְּרִיחִ֑ם וְצִפִּיתָ֥ אֶת הַבְּרִיחִ֖ם זָהָֽב
You shall overlay the boards with gold, and make their rings of gold as holders for the bars; and you shall overlay the bars with gold.
The boards, their rings, and the bars are all overlaid or cast in gold — the rings functioning as the channels through which the bars pass, closing the frame-unit before the erection command of v.30.
Word-by-word analysis· 14 words
וְֽאֶתand [obj]conj + obj marker · אֵת (H853)Conjunction + direct-object markerאֵת (H853); marks הַקְּרָשִׁים as the definite direct object.
הַקְּרָשִׁ֞יםthe boardsart + N m pl abs · קֶרֶשׁ (H7175)Direct objectקֶרֶשׁ (H7175) pl.; the acacia frame, now to receive its gold overlay.
תְּצַפֶּ֣הyou shall overlayPiel impf 2ms · צָפָה (H6823)Predicate verb (main clause)→ Yiqtol: instructional futureצָפָה (H6823) Piel 'to overlay, plate'; the technical verb for cladding wood with precious metal throughout the tabernacle furnishings.
זָהָ֗בwith goldN m sg abs · זָהָב (H2091)Adverbial accusative of materialזָהָב (H2091) 'gold'; the cladding metal for the boards.
וְאֶתand [obj]conj + obj marker · אֵת (H853)Conjunction + direct-object markerאֵת (H853); marks טַבְּעֹתֵיהֶם as the definite direct object.
טַבְּעֹֽתֵיהֶם֙their ringsN f pl constr + 3mp suffix · טַבַּעַת (H2885)Direct objectטַבַּעַת (H2885) 'ring, signet'; gold rings affixed to the boards through which the bars are threaded.
תַּעֲשֶׂ֣הyou shall makeQal impf 2ms · עָשָׂה (H6213)Predicate verb (main clause)→ Yiqtol: instructional futureעָשָׂה (H6213) 'to make'; commands the crafting of the gold rings.
זָהָ֔בof goldN m sg abs · זָהָב (H2091)Adverbial accusative of materialזָהָב (H2091) 'gold'; the material of the rings.
בָּתִּ֖יםholdersN m pl abs · בַּיִת (H1004)Predicate noun (apposition, purpose)בַּיִת (H1004) 'house'; here technical 'housings, holders' — the rings function as channels through which the bars are threaded.
לַבְּרִיחִ֑םfor the barsprep לְ + art + N m pl abs · בְּרִיחַ (H1280)Prepositional phrase (purpose)בְּרִיחַ (H1280) pl.; the horizontal bars of vv.26-28 held by these rings.
וְצִפִּיתָ֥and you shall overlayconj + Piel perf (weqatal) 2ms · צָפָה (H6823)Predicate verb (weqatal, sequential)→ Weqatal: sequential instructional futureצָפָה (H6823) Piel 'to overlay'; repeats the cladding-command, now for the bars themselves.
אֶת[obj]obj marker · אֵת (H853)Direct-object markerאֵת (H853); marks הַבְּרִיחִם as the definite direct object.
הַבְּרִיחִ֖םthe barsart + N m pl abs · בְּרִיחַ (H1280)Direct objectבְּרִיחַ (H1280) pl.; the horizontal braces, now to be gold-plated.
זָהָֽבwith goldN m sg abs · זָהָב (H2091)Adverbial accusative of materialזָהָב (H2091) 'gold'; the cladding metal for the bars, completing the frame's all-gold interior finish.
30
וַהֲקֵמֹתָ֖ אֶת הַמִּשְׁכָּ֑ן כְּמִ֨שְׁפָּט֔וֹ אֲשֶׁ֥ר הָרְאֵ֖יתָ בָּהָֽר
And you shall erect the tabernacle according to its pattern, which you were shown on the mountain.
Closes the frame-and-covering unit with the command to erect the whole כְּמִשְׁפָּטוֹ, 'according to its pattern,' shown to Moses on Sinai — echoing the תַּבְנִית motif of 25:9,40 and anticipating the actual erection in 40:17.
Word-by-word analysis· 7 words
וַהֲקֵמֹתָ֖and you shall erectconj + Hiphil perf (weqatal) 2ms · קוּם (H6965)Predicate verb (weqatal, main clause)→ Weqatal: culminating instructional future — the assembly's completionקוּם (H6965) Hiphil 'to cause to stand, erect, set up'; the climactic verb of assembly, echoed at 40:17 when Moses actually raises the finished tabernacle.
אֶת[obj]obj marker · אֵת (H853)Direct-object markerאֵת (H853); marks הַמִּשְׁכָּן as the definite direct object.
הַמִּשְׁכָּ֑ןthe tabernacleart + N m sg abs · מִשְׁכָּן (H4908)Direct objectמִשְׁכָּן (H4908) 'dwelling place'; the completed structure of curtains, frame, and coverings.
כְּמִ֨שְׁפָּט֔וֹaccording to its patternprep כְּ + N m sg constr + 3ms suffix · מִשְׁפָּט (H4941)Adverbial prepositional phrase (manner/norm)מִשְׁפָּט (H4941) 'judgment, custom, pattern, specification'; here 'its proper design/specification' — the exact blueprint shown to Moses, echoing תַּבְנִית in 25:9,40.
אֲשֶׁ֥רwhichrelative particle · אֲשֶׁר (H834)Relative clause markerאֲשֶׁר (H834) invariable relative particle 'who, which, that'; introduces the clause recalling Moses's vision of the pattern.
הָרְאֵ֖יתָyou were shownHophal perf 2ms · רָאָה (H7200)Predicate verb (relative clause, passive)→ Perfective passive: a completed act of revelation done to Mosesרָאָה (H7200) Hophal 'to be shown, caused to see'; passive stem stressing that Moses was the recipient of a divine vision of the pattern (cf. 25:9,40).
בָּהָֽרon the mountainprep בְּ + art + N m sg abs · הַר (H2022)Adverbial prepositional phrase (locative)הַר (H2022) 'mountain'; Sinai, the site of the revelation of the tabernacle's pattern (Exod 24:15-18; 25:1).
31
וְעָשִׂ֣יתָ פָרֹ֗כֶת תְּכֵ֧לֶת וְאַרְגָּמָ֛ן וְתוֹלַ֥עַת שָׁנִ֖י וְשֵׁ֣שׁ מָשְׁזָ֑ר מַעֲשֵׂ֥ה חֹשֵׁ֛ב יַעֲשֶׂ֥ה אֹתָ֖הּ כְּרֻבִֽים
You shall make a veil of blue, purple, and scarlet yarn and finely twisted linen; it shall be made with cherubim, the work of a skilled designer.
Introduces the פָּרֹכֶת, woven exactly like the ten tabernacle curtains (same three dyes, linen, and cherubim, v.1) — its material identity with the innermost curtain marks it as belonging to the most sacred zone.
Word-by-word analysis· 13 words
וְעָשִׂ֣יתָand you shall makeconj וְ + Qal perf (weqatal) 2ms · עָשָׂה (H6213)Predicate verb (weqatal, main clause)→ Weqatal: sequential instructional futureעָשָׂה (H6213) 'to make'; opens the unit for the inner dividing veil.
פָרֹ֗כֶתa veilN f sg abs · פָּרֹכֶת (H6532)Direct objectפָּרֹכֶת (H6532) 'veil, curtain of separation'; the innermost curtain dividing the Holy Place from the Most Holy Place, before which none but the high priest may pass (Lev 16:2).
תְּכֵ֧לֶתblueN f sg abs · תְּכֵלֶת (H8504)Adverbial accusative of materialתְּכֵלֶת (H8504) 'blue-violet yarn'; matches the material-palette of the linen curtains in v.1.
וְאַרְגָּמָ֛ןand purpleconj + N m sg abs · אַרְגָּמָן (H713)Coordinate noun (material list)אַרְגָּמָן (H713) 'purple/red-purple yarn'; a costly shellfish dye.
וְתוֹלַ֥עַתand crimsonconj + N f sg constr · תוֹלַעַת (H8438)Construct chain (genitival), coordinate nounתּוֹלַעַת (H8438) 'worm, crimson'; construct with שָׁנִי, the scarlet dye-stuff.
שָׁנִ֖יstuffN m sg abs · שָׁנִי (H8144)Genitive (absolute of construct chain)שָׁנִי (H8144) 'scarlet, crimson'; completes תּוֹלַעַת שָׁנִי.
וְשֵׁ֣שׁand fine linenconj + N f sg abs · שֵׁשׁ (H8336)Coordinate noun (material list)שֵׁשׁ (H8336) 'fine (Egyptian) linen'; the fourth of the veil's four sacred materials, matching v.1's curtains.
מָשְׁזָ֑רtwistedHophal ptc pass m sg abs · שָׁזַר (H7806)Attributive participle modifying שֵׁשׁ→ Passive participle: a state resulting from a completed process — tightly twistedשָׁזַר (H7806) 'to twist, twine'; describes the finely plied linen thread, as in v.1.
מַעֲשֵׂ֥הthe work ofN m sg constr · מַעֲשֶׂה (H4639)Construct chain (genitival, apposition)מַעֲשֶׂה (H4639) 'work, deed'; construct governing חֹשֵׁב, 'the work of a designer'.
חֹשֵׁ֛בa skilled designerQal ptc m sg abs · חָשַׁב (H2803)Genitive complement of מַעֲשֵׂה (substantival participle)→ Participle: characterizing an ongoing craft-skill, not a single actחָשַׁב (H2803) 'to think, plan, devise'; the same figured-weaving technique used for the tabernacle curtains of v.1, marking the veil's equal sanctity.
יַעֲשֶׂ֥הit shall be madeQal impf 3ms · עָשָׂה (H6213)Predicate verb (main clause, impersonal/passive-equivalent)→ Yiqtol: instructional future, impersonal 3ms standing for a passiveעָשָׂה (H6213) 'to make'; impersonal 3ms, 'one shall make it' = 'it shall be made,' with cherubim.
אֹתָ֖הּitobj marker + 3fs suffix · אֵת (H853)Direct object (resumptive, referring to פָרֹכֶת)אֵת (H853) + 3fs suffix, referring back to הַפָּרֹכֶת.
כְּרֻבִֽיםcherubimN m pl abs · כְּרוּב (H3742)Direct object (of implied 'with cherubim')כְּרוּב (H3742) 'cherub'; woven into the veil exactly as into the tabernacle curtains of v.1, marking both as belonging to the most sacred zone.
32
וְנָתַתָּ֣ה אֹתָ֗הּ עַל אַרְבָּעָה֙ עַמּוּדֵ֣י שִׁטִּ֔ים מְצֻפִּ֣ים זָהָ֔ב וָוֵיהֶ֖ם זָהָ֑ב עַל אַרְבָּעָ֖ה אַדְנֵי כָֽסֶף
You shall hang it on four pillars of acacia overlaid with gold, their hooks of gold, on four sockets of silver.
Four gilded acacia pillars on silver sockets suspend the veil by gold hooks, matching the frame's own gold-on-silver construction.
Word-by-word analysis· 14 words
וְנָתַתָּ֣הand you shall hangconj + Qal perf (weqatal) 2ms · נָתַן (H5414)Predicate verb (weqatal, main clause)→ Weqatal: sequential instructional futureנָתַן (H5414) 'to give, put, place'; here idiomatically 'to hang' the veil upon its supporting pillars.
אֹתָ֗הּitobj marker + 3fs suffix · אֵת (H853)Direct objectאֵת (H853) + 3fs suffix, referring to הַפָּרֹכֶת, the veil of v.31.
עַלonprep · עַל (H5921)Locative prepositional phraseעַל (H5921) 'on, upon'; introduces the supporting structure.
אַרְבָּעָה֙fourNum m sg abs · אַרְבָּעָה (H702)Numeral (object)אַרְבָּעָה (H702) 'four' (masc. form); the number of pillars supporting the veil.
עַמּוּדֵ֣יpillars ofN m pl constr · עַמּוּד (H5982)Genitive (construct, object of prep עַל)עַמּוּד (H5982) 'pillar, post, column'; the four acacia posts supporting the veil between the Holy Place and Most Holy Place.
שִׁטִּ֔יםacaciaN f pl abs · שִׁטָּה (H7848)Genitive (material)שִׁטָּה (H7848) 'acacia'; the standard tabernacle timber, here for the veil's pillars.
מְצֻפִּ֣יםoverlaidPual ptc m pl abs · צָפָה (H6823)Attributive participle modifying עַמּוּדֵי שִׁטִּים→ Passive participle: a resultant overlaid stateצָפָה (H6823) Pual 'to be overlaid, plated'; the pillars are gold-clad like the boards of vv.15-29.
זָהָ֔בwith goldN m sg abs · זָהָב (H2091)Adverbial accusative of materialזָהָב (H2091) 'gold'; the cladding metal for the veil's pillars.
וָוֵיהֶ֖םtheir hooksN m pl constr + 3mp suffix · וָו (H2053)Subject (nominal clause)וָו (H2053) 'hook, peg'; small gold fittings atop the pillars from which the veil is suspended.
זָהָ֑בof goldN m sg abs · זָהָב (H2091)Predicate noun (material)זָהָב (H2091) 'gold'; the material of the hooks.
עַלonprep · עַל (H5921)Locative prepositional phraseעַל (H5921) 'on, upon'; introduces the pillars' footing.
אַרְבָּעָ֖הfourNum m sg abs · אַרְבָּעָה (H702)Numeral (object)אַרְבָּעָה (H702) 'four'; the number of sockets, matching the four pillars.
אַדְנֵיsockets ofN m pl constr · אֶדֶן (H134)Genitive (construct)אֶדֶן (H134) 'socket, base'; footings for the veil's pillars, as for the wall-boards.
כָֽסֶףsilverN m sg abs · כֶּסֶף (H3701)Genitive (material)כֶּסֶף (H3701) 'silver'; the sockets' material, matching the frame's own silver bases (v.19).
33
וְנָתַתָּ֣ה אֶת הַפָּרֹכֶת֮ תַּ֣חַת הַקְּרָסִים֒ וְהֵבֵאתָ֥ שָׁ֨מָּה֙ מִבֵּ֣ית לַפָּרֹ֔כֶת אֵ֖ת אֲר֣וֹן הָעֵד֑וּת וְהִבְדִּילָ֤ה הַפָּרֹ֨כֶת֙ לָכֶ֔ם בֵּ֣ין הַקֹּ֔דֶשׁ וּבֵ֖ין קֹ֥דֶשׁ הַקֳּדָשִֽׁים
You shall hang the veil under the clasps, and bring the ark of the testimony there within the veil; and the veil shall separate for you between the Holy Place and the Most Holy Place.
States the veil's theological purpose directly: וְהִבְדִּילָה הַפָּרֹכֶת — it separates the Holy Place from the Most Holy Place, the chapter's key statement of graduated sanctity, with the ark placed innermost.
Word-by-word analysis· 20 words
וְנָתַתָּ֣הand you shall hangconj + Qal perf (weqatal) 2ms · נָתַן (H5414)Predicate verb (weqatal, main clause)→ Weqatal: sequential instructional futureנָתַן (H5414) 'to give, put, place'; idiomatic 'to hang' the veil at its designated position.
אֶת[obj]obj marker · אֵת (H853)Direct-object markerאֵת (H853); marks הַפָּרֹכֶת as the definite direct object.
הַפָּרֹכֶת֮the veilart + N f sg abs · פָּרֹכֶת (H6532)Direct objectפָּרֹכֶת (H6532) 'veil'; positioned here beneath the gold clasps joining the tabernacle's inner curtains.
תַּ֣חַתunderprep · תַּחַת (H8478)Locative prepositional phraseתַּחַת (H8478) 'under, beneath'; locates the veil's hanging point relative to the curtain-clasps.
הַקְּרָסִים֒the claspsart + N m pl abs · קֶרֶס (H7165)Object of prepositionקֶרֶס (H7165) pl.; the gold clasps of v.6, marking the seam-point above which the veil hangs, roughly a third of the way in.
וְהֵבֵאתָ֥and you shall bringconj + Hiphil perf (weqatal) 2ms · בּוֹא (H935)Predicate verb (weqatal, sequential)→ Weqatal: sequential instructional futureבּוֹא (H935) Hiphil 'to bring, cause to enter'; commands bringing the ark into its final resting place.
שָׁ֨מָּה֙thereadv + directional ה · שָׁם (H8033)Adverbial (locative, 'thither')שָׁם (H8033) 'there'; with directional הּ, 'to there' — into the Most Holy Place behind the veil.
מִבֵּ֣יתwithinprep מִן + N m sg constr · בַּיִת (H1004)Adverbial prepositional phrase (locative)בַּיִת (H1004) 'house'; idiom מִבֵּית לְ- 'on the inside of' — locates the ark within, behind the veil.
לַפָּרֹ֔כֶתthe veilprep לְ + art + N f sg abs · פָּרֹכֶת (H6532)Object of prepositionפָּרֹכֶת (H6532) 'veil'; the boundary within which the ark is placed.
אֵ֖ת[obj]obj marker · אֵת (H853)Direct-object markerאֵת (H853); marks אֲרוֹן הָעֵדוּת as the definite direct object of וְהֵבֵאתָ.
אֲר֣וֹןthe ark ofN com sg constr · אָרוֹן (H727)Direct object (construct)אָרוֹן (H727) 'ark, chest'; the gold-covered acacia chest housing the tablets of the covenant, the central object of Israel's worship (Exod 25:10-22).
הָעֵד֑וּתthe testimonyart + N f sg abs · עֵדוּת (H5715)Genitive (of construct אֲרוֹן)עֵדוּת (H5715) 'testimony'; the covenant stipulations (the tablets of the Decalogue) housed in the ark, hence 'ark of the testimony.'
וְהִבְדִּילָ֤הand it shall separateconj + Hiphil perf (weqatal) 3fs · בָּדַל (H914)Predicate verb (weqatal, main clause)→ Weqatal: sequential instructional future, expressing the veil's ongoing functionבָּדַל (H914) Hiphil 'to divide, separate'; the veil's theological function — maintaining the graduated holiness between the two chambers of the sanctuary.
הַפָּרֹ֨כֶת֙the veilart + N f sg abs · פָּרֹכֶת (H6532)Subjectפָּרֹכֶת (H6532) 'veil'; the agent that enacts this separation.
לָכֶ֔םfor youprep לְ + 2mp suffix · לְAdverbial (dative of advantage)prep לְ with 2mp suffix, 'for you (pl.)' — addressed to the worshiping community whom the veil protects from unmediated access to the Most Holy.
בֵּ֣יןbetweenprep · בֵּין (H996)Prepositional phrase (correlative, 'between...and')בֵּין (H996) 'between'; introduces the two-part spatial division of the sanctuary.
הַקֹּ֔דֶשׁthe Holy Placeart + N m sg abs · קֹדֶשׁ (H6944)Object of prepositionקֹדֶשׁ (H6944) 'holy, holiness, sanctuary'; here the outer chamber, containing the table, lampstand, and incense altar.
וּבֵ֖יןand betweenconj + prep · בֵּין (H996)Prepositional phrase (correlative)בֵּין (H996) 'between'; the second half of the correlative pair.
קֹ֥דֶשׁthe holy ofN m sg constr · קֹדֶשׁ (H6944)Genitive (construct, superlative)קֹדֶשׁ (H6944) construct; קֹדֶשׁ הַקֳּדָשִׁים, 'holy of holies' — a superlative construct meaning 'the most holy place,' the innermost chamber containing the ark.
הַקֳּדָשִֽׁיםholiesart + N m pl abs · קֹדֶשׁ (H6944)Genitive (superlative plural, of construct קֹדֶשׁ)קֹדֶשׁ (H6944) pl. הַקֳּדָשִׁים; completes the superlative idiom for the innermost sanctuary.
34
וְנָתַתָּ֙ אֶת הַכַּפֹּ֔רֶת עַ֖ל אֲר֣וֹן הָעֵדֻ֑ת בְּקֹ֖דֶשׁ הַקֳּדָשִֽׁים
You shall put the mercy seat on the ark of the testimony in the Most Holy Place.
The כַּפֹּרֶת, atonement cover, is set on the ark within the Most Holy Place — the locus of divine presence and speech (cf. 25:22).
Word-by-word analysis· 8 words
וְנָתַתָּ֙and you shall putconj + Qal perf (weqatal) 2ms · נָתַן (H5414)Predicate verb (weqatal, main clause)→ Weqatal: sequential instructional futureנָתַן (H5414) 'to give, put, place'; commands the placement of the atonement-cover atop the ark.
אֶת[obj]obj marker · אֵת (H853)Direct-object markerאֵת (H853); marks הַכַּפֹּרֶת as the definite direct object.
הַכַּפֹּ֔רֶתthe mercy seatart + N f sg abs · כַּפֹּרֶת (H3727)Direct objectכַּפֹּרֶת (H3727) 'atonement cover, mercy seat', from כָּפַר 'to atone'; the gold lid of the ark, the locus of divine presence and atonement (Lev 16:14-15).
עַ֖לonprep · עַל (H5921)Locative prepositional phraseעַל (H5921) 'on, upon'; positions the cover atop the ark.
אֲר֣וֹןthe ark ofN com sg constr · אָרוֹן (H727)Object of preposition (construct)אָרוֹן (H727) 'ark, chest'; the chest of the covenant tablets.
הָעֵדֻ֑תthe testimonyart + N f sg abs · עֵדוּת (H5715)Genitive (of construct אֲרוֹן)עֵדוּת (H5715) 'testimony'; the covenant witness housed in the ark.
בְּקֹ֖דֶשׁin the Holy ofprep בְּ + N m sg constr · קֹדֶשׁ (H6944)Adverbial prepositional phrase (locative, construct)קֹדֶשׁ (H6944) construct; opens the superlative 'Holy of Holies' locating the ark and cover.
הַקֳּדָשִֽׁיםHoliesart + N m pl abs · קֹדֶשׁ (H6944)Genitive (superlative plural)קֹדֶשׁ (H6944) pl. הַקֳּדָשִׁים; completes 'the Most Holy Place,' the innermost chamber.
35
וְשַׂמְתָּ֤ אֶת הַשֻּׁלְחָן֙ מִח֣וּץ לַפָּרֹ֔כֶת וְאֶת הַמְּנֹרָה֙ נֹ֣כַח הַשֻּׁלְחָ֔ן עַ֛ל צֶ֥לַע הַמִּשְׁכָּ֖ן תֵּימָ֑נָה וְהַ֨שֻּׁלְחָ֔ן תִּתֵּ֖ן עַל צֶ֥לַע צָפֽוֹן
You shall set the table outside the veil, and the lampstand opposite the table on the south side of the tabernacle; and the table you shall put on the north side.
Positions the table (north) and lampstand (south) in the outer Holy Place, outside the veil and opposite one another, completing the interior furnishing plan begun with the veil in vv.31-34.
Word-by-word analysis· 18 words
וְשַׂמְתָּ֤and you shall setconj + Qal perf (weqatal) 2ms · שִׂים (H7760)Predicate verb (weqatal, main clause)→ Weqatal: sequential instructional futureשִׂים (H7760) 'to put, place, set'; directs the placement of the furniture within the Holy Place.
אֶת[obj]obj marker · אֵת (H853)Direct-object markerאֵת (H853); marks הַשֻּׁלְחָן as the definite direct object.
הַשֻּׁלְחָן֙the tableart + N m sg abs · שֻׁלְחָן (H7979)Direct objectשֻׁלְחָן (H7979) 'table'; holds the bread of the Presence (Exod 25:23-30).
מִח֣וּץoutsideprep מִן + N m sg abs · חוּץ (H2351)Adverbial prepositional phrase (locative)חוּץ (H2351) 'outside, exterior'; idiom מִחוּץ לְ- 'outside of' the veil, i.e. in the outer chamber.
לַפָּרֹ֔כֶתthe veilprep לְ + art + N f sg abs · פָּרֹכֶת (H6532)Object of prepositionפָּרֹכֶת (H6532) 'veil'; the boundary outside of which the table stands.
וְאֶתand [obj]conj + obj marker · אֵת (H853)Conjunction + direct-object markerאֵת (H853); marks הַמְּנֹרָה as the second definite direct object.
הַמְּנֹרָה֙the lampstandart + N f sg abs · מְנוֹרָה (H4501)Direct objectמְנוֹרָה (H4501) 'lampstand', from the root for light; the seven-branched gold lampstand of Exod 25:31-40, giving light in the Holy Place.
נֹ֣כַחoppositeprep · נֹכַח (H5227)Prepositional phrase (locative, 'facing')נֹכַח (H5227) 'in front of, opposite'; positions the lampstand across from the table.
הַשֻּׁלְחָ֔ןthe tableart + N m sg abs · שֻׁלְחָן (H7979)Object of prepositionשֻׁלְחָן (H7979) 'table'; the point of reference for the lampstand's placement.
עַ֛לonprep · עַל (H5921)Locative prepositional phraseעַל (H5921) 'on, upon'; introduces the wall-side location.
צֶ֥לַעthe side ofN com sg constr · צֵלָע (H6763)Genitive (construct, locative)צֵלָע (H6763) 'side, flank'; specifies which wall the lampstand stands near.
הַמִּשְׁכָּ֖ןthe tabernacleart + N m sg abs · מִשְׁכָּן (H4908)Genitiveמִשְׁכָּן (H4908) 'dwelling place'.
תֵּימָ֑נָהsouthwardN f sg abs + directional ה · תֵּימָן (H8486)Adverbial (directional, apposition)תֵּימָן (H8486) 'south'; the lampstand stands on the south side, opposite the table on the north.
וְהַ֨שֻּׁלְחָ֔ןand the tableconj + art + N m sg abs · שֻׁלְחָן (H7979)Subject (resumptive, fronted for contrast)שֻׁלְחָן (H7979) 'table'; resumed to specify its own side, contrasted with the lampstand's south placement.
תִּתֵּ֖ןyou shall putQal impf 2ms · נָתַן (H5414)Predicate verb (main clause)→ Yiqtol: instructional futureנָתַן (H5414) 'to give, put, place'; assigns the table its final position.
עַלonprep · עַל (H5921)Locative prepositional phraseעַל (H5921) 'on, upon'; introduces the table's wall-side location.
צֶ֥לַעthe side ofN com sg constr · צֵלָע (H6763)Genitive (construct, locative)צֵלָע (H6763) 'side, flank'; the wall the table stands near.
צָפֽוֹןnorthN f sg abs · צָפוֹן (H6828)Genitive (apposition, cardinal direction)צָפוֹן (H6828) 'north'; the table's assigned side, opposite the lampstand's south placement.
36
וְעָשִׂ֤יתָ מָסָךְ֙ לְפֶ֣תַח הָאֹ֔הֶל תְּכֵ֧לֶת וְאַרְגָּמָ֛ן וְתוֹלַ֥עַת שָׁנִ֖י וְשֵׁ֣שׁ מָשְׁזָ֑ר מַעֲשֵׂ֖ה רֹקֵֽם
You shall make a screen for the entrance of the tent, of blue, purple, and scarlet yarn and finely twisted linen, the work of an embroiderer.
The entrance screen uses the same three dyes and linen as the veil and curtains but embroidery (רֹקֵם) rather than cherubim-figured weaving (חֹשֵׁב) — a graded distinction in craftsmanship matching its lesser sanctity as the outermost, most public boundary.
Word-by-word analysis· 12 words
וְעָשִׂ֤יתָand you shall makeconj וְ + Qal perf (weqatal) 2ms · עָשָׂה (H6213)Predicate verb (weqatal, main clause)→ Weqatal: sequential instructional futureעָשָׂה (H6213) 'to make'; opens the final unit, the screen for the tabernacle's entrance.
מָסָךְ֙a screenN m sg abs · מָסָךְ (H4539)Direct objectמָסָךְ (H4539) 'screen, hanging', from סָכַךְ 'to cover'; the curtain hung at the tent's entrance, less sacred than the inner פָּרֹכֶת since it lacks cherubim.
לְפֶ֣תַחfor the entrance ofprep לְ + N m sg constr · פֶּתַח (H6607)Prepositional phrase (purpose/locative)פֶּתַח (H6607) 'opening, entrance, doorway'; the entryway into the Holy Place, screened but not veiled.
הָאֹ֔הֶלthe tentart + N m sg abs · אֹהֶל (H168)Genitiveאֹהֶל (H168) 'tent'; the tabernacle structure whose entrance is screened.
תְּכֵ֧לֶתblueN f sg abs · תְּכֵלֶת (H8504)Adverbial accusative of materialתְּכֵלֶת (H8504) 'blue-violet yarn'; the same dye-palette as the veil and curtains.
וְאַרְגָּמָ֛ןand purpleconj + N m sg abs · אַרְגָּמָן (H713)Coordinate noun (material list)אַרְגָּמָן (H713) 'purple/red-purple yarn'.
וְתוֹלַ֥עַתand crimsonconj + N f sg constr · תוֹלַעַת (H8438)Construct chain (genitival), coordinate nounתּוֹלַעַת (H8438) 'worm, crimson'; construct with שָׁנִי, the scarlet dye-stuff.
שָׁנִ֖יstuffN m sg abs · שָׁנִי (H8144)Genitive (absolute of construct chain)שָׁנִי (H8144) 'scarlet, crimson'.
וְשֵׁ֣שׁand fine linenconj + N f sg abs · שֵׁשׁ (H8336)Coordinate noun (material list)שֵׁשׁ (H8336) 'fine (Egyptian) linen'; the same base material as the veil and curtains.
מָשְׁזָ֑רtwistedHophal ptc pass m sg abs · שָׁזַר (H7806)Attributive participle modifying שֵׁשׁ→ Passive participle: a state resulting from a completed process — tightly twistedשָׁזַר (H7806) 'to twist, twine'; the finely plied linen thread, as in vv.1,31.
מַעֲשֵׂ֖הthe work ofN m sg constr · מַעֲשֶׂה (H4639)Construct chain (genitival, apposition)מַעֲשֶׂה (H4639) 'work, deed'; construct governing רֹקֵם, 'the work of an embroiderer'.
רֹקֵֽםan embroidererQal ptc m sg abs · רָקַם (H7551)Genitive complement of מַעֲשֵׂה (substantival participle)→ Participle: characterizing an ongoing craft-skill, not a single actרָקַם (H7551) 'to weave in colors, embroider'; a lesser technique than the cherubim-figured חֹשֵׁב-weaving of the veil (v.31) — the screen, being less sacred, uses embroidery rather than woven imagery.
37
וְעָשִׂ֣יתָ לַמָּסָ֗ךְ חֲמִשָּׁה֙ עַמּוּדֵ֣י שִׁטִּ֔ים וְצִפִּיתָ֤ אֹתָם֙ זָהָ֔ב וָוֵיהֶ֖ם זָהָ֑ב וְיָצַקְתָּ֣ לָהֶ֔ם חֲמִשָּׁ֖ה אַדְנֵ֥י נְחֹֽשֶׁת
You shall make five pillars of acacia for the screen, and overlay them with gold; their hooks shall be of gold, and you shall cast five sockets of bronze for them.
Five gilded acacia pillars on bronze sockets support the entrance screen — bronze, not silver, again marking the outer/public threshold as less sacred than the silver-socketed frame and veil-pillars within.
Word-by-word analysis· 15 words
וְעָשִׂ֣יתָand you shall makeconj וְ + Qal perf (weqatal) 2ms · עָשָׂה (H6213)Predicate verb (weqatal, main clause)→ Weqatal: sequential instructional futureעָשָׂה (H6213) 'to make'; commands the pillars supporting the entrance screen.
לַמָּסָ֗ךְfor the screenprep לְ + art + N m sg abs · מָסָךְ (H4539)Prepositional phrase (purpose)מָסָךְ (H4539) 'screen'; the entrance-hanging of v.36, now to be supported.
חֲמִשָּׁה֙fiveNum m sg abs · חֲמִשָּׁה (H2568)Numeral (object)חֲמִשָּׁה (H2568) 'five' (masc. form); the number of pillars for the entrance screen.
עַמּוּדֵ֣יpillars ofN m pl constr · עַמּוּד (H5982)Genitive (construct, direct object)עַמּוּד (H5982) 'pillar, post'; supports for the outer screen, paralleling the veil's four pillars (v.32).
שִׁטִּ֔יםacaciaN f pl abs · שִׁטָּה (H7848)Genitive (material)שִׁטָּה (H7848) 'acacia'; the standard tabernacle timber.
וְצִפִּיתָ֤and you shall overlayconj + Piel perf (weqatal) 2ms · צָפָה (H6823)Predicate verb (weqatal, sequential)→ Weqatal: sequential instructional futureצָפָה (H6823) Piel 'to overlay, plate'; the gold-cladding applied to these pillars.
אֹתָם֙themobj marker + 3mp suffix · אֵת (H853)Direct object (resumptive)אֵת (H853) + 3mp suffix, referring back to the five pillars.
זָהָ֔בwith goldN m sg abs · זָהָב (H2091)Adverbial accusative of materialזָהָב (H2091) 'gold'; the cladding metal for the screen's pillars.
וָוֵיהֶ֖םtheir hooksN m pl constr + 3mp suffix · וָו (H2053)Subject (nominal clause)וָו (H2053) 'hook, peg'; fittings atop the pillars, as for the veil's pillars in v.32.
זָהָ֑בshall be of goldN m sg abs · זָהָב (H2091)Predicate noun (material)זָהָב (H2091) 'gold'; the hooks match the veil's pillar-hooks in material despite the lesser (bronze) sockets below.
וְיָצַקְתָּ֣and you shall castconj + Qal perf (weqatal) 2ms · יָצַק (H3332)Predicate verb (weqatal, main clause)→ Weqatal: sequential instructional futureיָצַק (H3332) 'to pour, cast (metal)'; the technical verb for metal-casting, here of the bronze sockets, distinguishing this cheaper screen-support from the veil's silver sockets.
לָהֶ֔םfor themprep לְ + 3mp suffix · לְAdverbial (dative of advantage)prep לְ with 3mp suffix, referring to the five pillars for which the sockets are cast.
חֲמִשָּׁ֖הfiveNum m sg abs · חֲמִשָּׁה (H2568)Numeral (object)חֲמִשָּׁה (H2568) 'five'; matching the number of pillars.
אַדְנֵ֥יsockets ofN m pl constr · אֶדֶן (H134)Genitive (construct, object)אֶדֶן (H134) 'socket, base'; footings for the screen's pillars.
נְחֹֽשֶׁתbronzeN f sg abs · נְחֹשֶׁת (H5178)Genitive (material)נְחֹשֶׁת (H5178) 'copper, bronze'; the humblest of the tabernacle's three metals, fitting the outermost, most public threshold — contrast the veil's silver sockets (v.32) and the ark-ward gold (vv.29, 34).