1
וְעָשִׂ֥יתָ אֶת הַמִּזְבֵּ֖חַ עֲצֵ֣י שִׁטִּ֑ים חָמֵשׁ֩ אַמּ֨וֹת אֹ֜רֶךְ וְחָמֵ֧שׁ אַמּ֣וֹת רֹ֗חַב רָב֤וּעַ יִהְיֶה֙ הַמִּזְבֵּ֔חַ וְשָׁלֹ֥שׁ אַמּ֖וֹת קֹמָתֽוֹ
You shall make the altar of acacia wood, five cubits long and five cubits wide — the altar shall be square — and three cubits high.
Opens the chapter's first major section, the bronze altar of burnt offering, resuming the weqatal instructional chain from the preceding tent and veil specifications (ch. 26) and fixing the altar's square five-cubit base and three-cubit height before any of its features are detailed.
Word-by-word analysis· 17 words
וְעָשִׂ֥יתָand you shall makeconj וְ + Qal weqatal 2ms · עָשָׂה (H6213)Predicate verb (main clause, opening the altar unit)→ Weqatal: continuing legislative force — the instructional 'you shall make'עָשָׂה (H6213) 'to make, do'; the master verb of the tabernacle-construction instructions, resumed here to introduce the bronze altar.
אֶת[obj]obj marker · אֵת (H853)Direct-object marker (definite object)אֵת (H853), nota accusativi marking a definite direct object; untranslated in English.
הַמִּזְבֵּ֖חַthe altarart + N m sg abs · מִזְבֵּחַ (H4196)Direct object of וְעָשִׂיתָמִזְבֵּחַ (H4196) 'altar', from זָבַח 'to sacrifice'; the outer bronze altar of burnt offering standing in the court, distinct from the golden incense altar of ch. 30.
עֲצֵ֣יwood ofN m pl constr · עֵץ (H6086)Construct chain (material, genitival)עֵץ (H6086) 'tree, wood'; construct plural governing שִׁטִּים, naming the acacia timber as the altar's core material.
שִׁטִּ֑יםacaciaN f pl abs · שִׁטָּה (H7848)Genitive complement of עֲצֵי (material)שִׁטָּה (H7848) 'acacia (tree)'; durable, insect-resistant desert-wadi timber used throughout the tabernacle furniture, always overlaid rather than left bare.
חָמֵשׁ֩fivenumeral card f sg abs · חָמֵשׁ (H2568)Numeral modifying אַמּוֹתחָמֵשׁ (H2568) 'five'; sets the altar's square footprint at five cubits per side.
אַמּ֨וֹתcubitsN f pl abs · אַמָּה (H520)Adverbial accusative of measureאַמָּה (H520) 'cubit' (roughly 45 cm/18 in, elbow to fingertip); the standard unit for every dimension in this chapter.
אֹ֜רֶךְlengthN m sg abs · אֹרֶךְ (H753)Adverbial accusative specifying dimensionאֹרֶךְ (H753) 'length', from אָרַךְ 'to be long'; paired with רֹחַב 'width' to fix the altar's horizontal footprint.
וְחָמֵ֧שׁand fiveconj וְ + numeral card f sg abs · חָמֵשׁ (H2568)Numeral modifying אַמּוֹת (second dimension)חָמֵשׁ (H2568) 'five'; repeated for the perpendicular dimension, yielding a 5x5-cubit square base.
אַמּ֣וֹתcubitsN f pl abs · אַמָּה (H520)Adverbial accusative of measureאַמָּה (H520) 'cubit'; second occurrence, measuring the altar's width.
רֹ֗חַבwidthN m sg abs · רֹחַב (H7341)Adverbial accusative specifying dimensionרֹחַב (H7341) 'width, breadth', from רָחַב 'to be wide'; with אֹרֶךְ fixes the square footprint before height is given.
רָב֤וּעַsquareQal pass ptc ms abs · רָבַע (H7251)Predicate adjective (of the verbless clause completed by יִהְיֶה)→ Passive participle: a fixed, resultant quality — 'squared'רָבַע (H7251) 'to be square, four-sided'; used adjectivally, stressing the altar's perfect quadrilateral symmetry.
יִהְיֶה֙shall beQal impf 3ms · הָיָה (H1961)Predicate verb (copula of a nominal clause)→ Yiqtol: modal/prescriptive — the mandated resulting stateהָיָה (H1961) 'to be, become'; supplies the copula for 'the altar shall be square,' giving the specification legal force.
הַמִּזְבֵּ֔חַthe altarart + N m sg abs · מִזְבֵּחַ (H4196)Subject of יִהְיֶהמִזְבֵּחַ (H4196); resumed as subject of the embedded clause on squareness.
וְשָׁלֹ֥שׁand threeconj וְ + numeral card f sg abs · שָׁלֹשׁ (H7969)Numeral modifying אַמּוֹתשָׁלֹשׁ (H7969) 'three'; fixes the altar's height at three cubits — low enough for priestly access without steps (cf. 20:26).
אַמּ֖וֹתcubitsN f pl abs · אַמָּה (H520)Adverbial accusative of measureאַמָּה (H520) 'cubit'; third occurrence, now measuring height.
קֹמָתֽוֹits heightN f sg constr + 3ms suffix · קוֹמָה (H6967)Apposition specifying the preceding measurementקוֹמָה (H6967) 'height, stature', from קוּם 'to stand, rise'; with the 3ms suffix, 'its height,' closing the altar's basic dimensions.
2
וְעָשִׂ֣יתָ קַרְנֹתָ֗יו עַ֚ל אַרְבַּ֣ע פִּנֹּתָ֔יו מִמֶּ֖נּוּ תִּהְיֶ֣יןָ קַרְנֹתָ֑יו וְצִפִּיתָ֥ אֹת֖וֹ נְחֹֽשֶׁת
You shall make its horns on its four corners; its horns shall be of one piece with it, and you shall overlay it with bronze.
Specifies the altar's horns as an integral, one-piece extension of the frame rather than separately forged additions, then commands the altar's bronze overlay — completing its basic shape before its utensils are detailed in v.3.
Word-by-word analysis· 11 words
וְעָשִׂ֣יתָand you shall makeconj וְ + Qal weqatal 2ms · עָשָׂה (H6213)Predicate verb (main clause, continuing the altar unit)→ Weqatal: continuing legislative forceעָשָׂה (H6213); resumed to introduce the altar's horns.
קַרְנֹתָ֗יוits hornsN comm pl constr + 3ms suffix · קֶרֶן (H7161)Direct object of וְעָשִׂיתָקֶרֶן (H7161) 'horn'; the altar's four horn-projections at its corners, a locus of sanctity where sacrificial blood was applied (Lev 4) and to which a fugitive could cling for asylum (1 Kgs 1:50).
עַ֚לonprep · עַל (H5921)Locative prepositional phrase (placement of the horns)עַל (H5921) 'on, upon'; marks the horns' location at the altar's corners.
אַרְבַּ֣עfournumeral card f sg abs · אַרְבַּע (H702)Numeral modifying פִּנֹּתָיואַרְבַּע (H702) 'four'; the altar's four corners, matching its square footprint.
פִּנֹּתָ֔יוits cornersN f pl constr + 3ms suffix · פִּנָּה (H6438)Object of preposition עַלפִּנָּה (H6438) 'corner, cornerstone'; the four corners of the altar frame where the horns rise.
מִמֶּ֖נּוּfrom itprep מִן + 3ms suffix · מִן (H4480)Prepositional phrase of source/material (idiom of one piece)מִן (H4480) 'from, out of'; the idiom מִמֶּנּוּ תִּהְיֶיןָ, 'of the same piece they shall be,' requires the horns to be integral extensions of the altar frame, not separately forged and attached — the identical idiom used for the lampstand's branches (25:31).
תִּהְיֶ֣יןָthey shall beQal impf 3fp · הָיָה (H1961)Predicate verb (nominal clause on the horns' construction)→ Yiqtol: modal/prescriptive requirementהָיָה (H1961) 'to be, become'; 3fp form agrees with the feminine plural קַרְנֹתָיו.
קַרְנֹתָ֑יוits hornsN comm pl constr + 3ms suffix · קֶרֶן (H7161)Subject of תִּהְיֶיןָ (resumptive)קֶרֶן (H7161); resumed as subject after the fronted prepositional phrase מִמֶּנּוּ.
וְצִפִּיתָ֥and you shall overlayconj וְ + Piel weqatal 2ms · צָפָה (H6823)Predicate verb (main clause)→ Weqatal: continuing instructional forceצָפָה (H6823) 'to overlay, plate'; used throughout the tabernacle instructions for cladding a wood core with metal.
אֹת֖וֹ[obj] itobj marker + 3ms suffix · אֵת (H853)Direct-object marker + resumptive pronoun (referring to the altar)אֵת (H853) with 3ms suffix, resuming הַמִּזְבֵּחַ as the object overlaid.
נְחֹֽשֶׁתbronzeN f sg abs · נְחֹשֶׁת (H5178)Adverbial accusative of materialנְחֹשֶׁת (H5178) 'bronze/copper'; the metal proper to the outer-court furnishings, contrasting with the gold of the interior sancta in a graded-holiness scheme.
3
וְעָשִׂ֤יתָ סִּֽירֹתָיו֙ לְדַשְּׁנ֔וֹ וְיָעָיו֙ וּמִזְרְקֹתָ֔יו וּמִזְלְגֹתָ֖יו וּמַחְתֹּתָ֑יו לְכָל כֵּלָ֖יו תַּעֲשֶׂ֥ה נְחֹֽשֶׁת
You shall make its pots for removing its ashes, and its shovels, its basins, its forks, and its firepans; all its utensils you shall make of bronze.
An asyndetic-feeling list of five utensil types strung together by simple conjunctions, closed by a summarizing כֵּלָיו clause that fixes bronze as the uniform material for the whole set.
Word-by-word analysis· 11 words
וְעָשִׂ֤יתָand you shall makeconj וְ + Qal weqatal 2ms · עָשָׂה (H6213)Predicate verb (main clause, introducing the utensil list)→ Weqatal: continuing legislative forceעָשָׂה (H6213); resumed to introduce the altar's utensils.
סִּֽירֹתָיו֙its potsN comm pl constr + 3ms suffix · סִיר (H5518)Direct object of וְעָשִׂיתָ (first of five utensils)סִיר (H5518) 'pot, cauldron, pail'; the ash-removal receptacles used to clear fatty ash residue from the altar hearth.
לְדַשְּׁנ֔וֹto remove its ashesprep לְ + Piel inf constr + 3ms suffix · דָּשֵׁן (H1878)Purpose infinitival clause modifying סִירֹתָיו→ Infinitive construct: purpose/result — 'in order to clear away its ashes'דָּשֵׁן (H1878) 'to remove ashes, clear away fat-ash', denominative from דֶּשֶׁן 'ash, fatty ash residue'; names the pots' specific priestly function (cf. Lev 6:3-4).
וְיָעָיו֙and its shovelsconj וְ + N m pl constr + 3ms suffix · יָע (H3257)Direct object of וְעָשִׂיתָ (second utensil)יָע (H3257) 'shovel'; used to scrape and clear ash and coals from the altar hearth.
וּמִזְרְקֹתָ֔יוand its basinsconj וְ + N m pl constr + 3ms suffix · מִזְרָק (H4219)Direct object of וְעָשִׂיתָ (third utensil)מִזְרָק (H4219) 'basin, bowl', from זָרַק 'to sprinkle, toss'; vessels for catching and dashing sacrificial blood against the altar.
וּמִזְלְגֹתָ֖יוand its forksconj וְ + N f pl constr + 3ms suffix · מִזְלֵג (H4207)Direct object of וְעָשִׂיתָ (fourth utensil)מִזְלֵג (H4207) 'flesh-hook, fork'; three-pronged hooks for handling sacrificial meat on the altar (cf. 1 Sam 2:13-14).
וּמַחְתֹּתָ֑יוand its firepansconj וְ + N f pl constr + 3ms suffix · מַחְתָּה (H4289)Direct object of וְעָשִׂיתָ (fifth utensil)מַחְתָּה (H4289) 'firepan, censer', from חָתָה 'to rake up (coals)'; used to carry live coals to and from the altar.
לְכָלfor allprep לְ + N m sg constr · כֹּל (H3605)Prepositional phrase heading the summary clauseכֹּל (H3605) 'all, every, whole'; introduces the summarizing generalization over the five named utensils.
כֵּלָ֖יוits utensilsN m pl constr + 3ms suffix · כְּלִי (H3627)Object of preposition לְ (summary noun)כְּלִי (H3627) 'vessel, utensil, implement'; the general term gathering the five specific tools just listed under one head.
תַּעֲשֶׂ֥הyou shall makeQal impf 2ms · עָשָׂה (H6213)Predicate verb (main clause, summary command)→ Yiqtol: prescriptive — functioning with the same force as the surrounding weqatal chainעָשָׂה (H6213); shifts briefly to yiqtol form for the summarizing command, without loss of instructional force.
נְחֹֽשֶׁתbronzeN f sg abs · נְחֹשֶׁת (H5178)Adverbial accusative of materialנְחֹשֶׁת (H5178) 'bronze'; fixes bronze as the uniform material for the entire utensil set.
4
וְעָשִׂ֤יתָ לּוֹ֙ מִכְבָּ֔ר מַעֲשֵׂ֖ה רֶ֣שֶׁת נְחֹ֑שֶׁת וְעָשִׂ֣יתָ עַל הָרֶ֗שֶׁת אַרְבַּע֙ טַבְּעֹ֣ת נְחֹ֔שֶׁת עַ֖ל אַרְבַּ֥ע קְצוֹתָֽיו
You shall make for it a grating, a network of bronze, and on the net you shall make four bronze rings at its four corners.
Introduces the altar's inner bronze mesh (מִכְבָּר) and specifies the four corner rings that will anchor the carrying poles described in vv.6-7.
Word-by-word analysis· 15 words
וְעָשִׂ֤יתָand you shall makeconj וְ + Qal weqatal 2ms · עָשָׂה (H6213)Predicate verb (main clause, introducing the bronze grating)→ Weqatal: continuing legislative forceעָשָׂה (H6213); resumed to introduce the altar's inner grating.
לּוֹ֙for itprep לְ + 3ms suffix · לְIndirect/benefactive object (referring to the altar)the preposition לְ with 3ms suffix, 'for it,' referring back to the altar as the grating's destination.
מִכְבָּ֔רa gratingN m sg abs · מִכְבָּר (H4345)Direct object of וְעָשִׂיתָמִכְבָּר (H4345) 'grating, grate, network'; the perforated bronze screen inserted into the altar's hollow interior — the technical centerpiece of this unit.
מַעֲשֵׂ֖הwork ofN m sg constr · מַעֲשֶׂה (H4639)Apposition/construct specifying the grating's natureמַעֲשֶׂה (H4639) 'work, product', from עָשָׂה; construct idiom 'work of X' naming material/technique, as with the embroiderer's 'work' elsewhere in these instructions.
רֶ֣שֶׁתnetwork ofN f sg constr · רֶשֶׁת (H7568)Genitive complement of מַעֲשֵׂהרֶשֶׁת (H7568) 'net, network, lattice'; describes the grating's mesh-like bronze construction.
נְחֹ֑שֶׁתbronzeN f sg abs · נְחֹשֶׁת (H5178)Genitive of materialנְחֹשֶׁת (H5178); names the grating's metal.
וְעָשִׂ֣יתָand you shall makeconj וְ + Qal weqatal 2ms · עָשָׂה (H6213)Predicate verb (main clause, introducing the corner rings)→ Weqatal: continuing legislative forceעָשָׂה (H6213); resumed to introduce the four carrying rings.
עַלonprep · עַל (H5921)Locative prepositional phraseעַל (H5921) 'on, upon'; marks where the four rings are mounted on the grating.
הָרֶ֗שֶׁתthe netart + N f sg abs · רֶשֶׁת (H7568)Object of preposition עַלרֶשֶׁת (H7568); the grating just introduced, now resumed with the article.
אַרְבַּע֙fournumeral card f sg abs · אַרְבַּע (H702)Numeral modifying טַבְּעֹתאַרְבַּע (H702) 'four'; the number of carrying rings, one per corner.
טַבְּעֹ֣תringsN f pl constr · טַבַּעַת (H2885)Direct object of וְעָשִׂיתָטַבַּעַת (H2885) 'ring', from טָבַע 'to sink, impress'; the same term used for the ark's carrying rings (25:12), here mounted on the grate to receive the altar's poles.
נְחֹ֔שֶׁתbronzeN f sg abs · נְחֹשֶׁת (H5178)Genitive/adverbial of materialנְחֹשֶׁת (H5178); the rings match the grating and altar overlay in metal.
עַ֖לonprep · עַל (H5921)Locative prepositional phrase (resumed)עַל (H5921) 'on, upon'; resumed to mark the rings' location at the four corners.
אַרְבַּ֥עfournumeral card f sg abs · אַרְבַּע (H702)Numeral modifying קְצוֹתָיואַרְבַּע (H702) 'four'; resumed to specify the four locations for the rings.
קְצוֹתָֽיוits ends/cornersN comm pl constr + 3ms suffix · קָצֶה (H7098)Object of preposition עַלקָצֶה (H7098) 'end, extremity, edge'; the four extremities of the bronze grating where the carrying rings are fixed.
5
וְנָתַתָּ֣ה אֹתָ֗הּ תַּ֛חַת כַּרְכֹּ֥ב הַמִּזְבֵּ֖חַ מִלְּמָ֑טָּה וְהָיְתָ֣ה הָרֶ֔שֶׁת עַ֖ד חֲצִ֥י הַמִּזְבֵּֽחַ
You shall put it under the ledge of the altar, below, so that the net reaches halfway up the altar.
Fixes the grating's vertical position on an interior ledge so its meshwork reaches the altar's midpoint, presumably to catch ash and embers falling from the hearth above.
Word-by-word analysis· 11 words
וְנָתַתָּ֣הand you shall putconj וְ + Qal weqatal 2ms · נָתַן (H5414)Predicate verb (main clause)→ Weqatal: continuing instructional forceנָתַן (H5414) 'to give, put, place'; here directional placement of the grating within the altar frame.
אֹתָ֗הּ[obj] itobj marker + 3fs suffix · אֵת (H853)Direct-object marker + resumptive pronoun (referring to the feminine הָרֶשֶׁת)אֵת (H853) with 3fs suffix, resuming 'the net/grating' (fem.) as the object placed.
תַּ֛חַתunderprep · תַּחַת (H8478)Locative prepositional phraseתַּחַת (H8478) 'under, beneath, in place of'.
כַּרְכֹּ֥בthe ledge ofN m sg constr · כַּרְכֹּב (H3749)Object of preposition תַּחַתכַּרְכֹּב (H3749) 'ledge, rim, molding'; a rare architectural term (occurring only in this altar description) denoting a projecting rim partway down the altar frame that supports the grating.
הַמִּזְבֵּ֖חַthe altarart + N m sg abs · מִזְבֵּחַ (H4196)Genitive complement (construct chain)מִזְבֵּחַ (H4196); the altar whose ledge is in view.
מִלְּמָ֑טָּהfrom below/downwardprep מִן + prep לְ + adv · מַטָּה (H4295)Adverbial phrase specifying vertical positionמַטָּה (H4295) 'downward, below'; the compound מִלְּמַטָּה stresses the grate's low placement, on or below the altar's midline.
וְהָיְתָ֣הand it shall beconj וְ + Qal weqatal 3fs · הָיָה (H1961)Predicate verb (result clause)→ Weqatal: continuing prescriptive/result forceהָיָה (H1961); introduces the resulting extent of the net once placed.
הָרֶ֔שֶׁתthe netart + N f sg abs · רֶשֶׁת (H7568)Subject of וְהָיְתָהרֶשֶׁת (H7568); the grating, now the subject of the result clause.
עַ֖דas far asprep · עַד (H5704)Prepositional phrase of extentעַד (H5704) 'as far as, until'.
חֲצִ֥יhalf ofN m sg constr · חֲצִי (H2677)Object of preposition עַדחֲצִי (H2677) 'half, middle'.
הַמִּזְבֵּֽחַthe altarart + N m sg abs · מִזְבֵּחַ (H4196)Genitive complement (construct chain)מִזְבֵּחַ (H4196); the grating reaches to the altar's vertical midpoint.
6
וְעָשִׂ֤יתָ בַדִּים֙ לַמִּזְבֵּ֔חַ בַּדֵּ֖י עֲצֵ֣י שִׁטִּ֑ים וְצִפִּיתָ֥ אֹתָ֖ם נְחֹֽשֶׁת
You shall make poles for the altar, poles of acacia wood, and overlay them with bronze.
Specifies the material — acacia core, bronze overlay — for the altar's carrying poles, matching the construction pattern already used for the ark and table (25:13, 27).
Word-by-word analysis· 9 words
וְעָשִׂ֤יתָand you shall makeconj וְ + Qal weqatal 2ms · עָשָׂה (H6213)Predicate verb (main clause, introducing the carrying poles)→ Weqatal: continuing legislative forceעָשָׂה (H6213); resumed to introduce the altar's carrying poles.
בַדִּים֙polesN m pl abs · בַּד (H905)Direct object of וְעָשִׂיתָבַּד (H905) 'pole, bar, stave'; the carrying poles inserted through the corner rings, as with the ark and table (25:13, 27).
לַמִּזְבֵּ֔חַfor the altarprep לְ + art + N m sg abs · מִזְבֵּחַ (H4196)Prepositional phrase (purpose/benefactive)מִזְבֵּחַ (H4196); names the poles' destination/purpose.
בַּדֵּ֖יpoles ofN m pl constr · בַּד (H905)Apposition/construct specifying materialבַּד (H905); resumed in construct before the material specification.
עֲצֵ֣יwood ofN m pl constr · עֵץ (H6086)Construct chain (material)עֵץ (H6086) 'tree, wood'.
שִׁטִּ֑יםacaciaN f pl abs · שִׁטָּה (H7848)Genitive complement of material chainשִׁטָּה (H7848) 'acacia'; the same wood used for the altar frame itself and all major tabernacle furniture.
וְצִפִּיתָ֥and you shall overlayconj וְ + Piel weqatal 2ms · צָפָה (H6823)Predicate verb (main clause)→ Weqatal: continuing instructional forceצָפָה (H6823) 'to overlay, plate'.
אֹתָ֖ם[obj] themobj marker + 3mp suffix · אֵת (H853)Direct-object marker + resumptive pronoun (referring to the poles)אֵת (H853) with 3mp suffix, resuming בַּדִּים as the object overlaid.
נְחֹֽשֶׁתbronzeN f sg abs · נְחֹשֶׁת (H5178)Adverbial accusative of materialנְחֹשֶׁת (H5178); matches the altar's own bronze cladding.
7
וְהוּבָ֥א אֶת בַּדָּ֖יו בַּטַּבָּעֹ֑ת וְהָי֣וּ הַבַּדִּ֗ים עַל שְׁתֵּ֛י צַלְעֹ֥ת הַמִּזְבֵּ֖חַ בִּשְׂאֵ֥ת אֹתֽוֹ
Its poles shall be brought into the rings, and the poles shall be on the two sides of the altar when it is carried.
Completes the carrying-apparatus unit by fixing the poles permanently in place along the altar's two long sides, ensuring the altar, like the ark, is never touched directly during transport.
Word-by-word analysis· 12 words
וְהוּבָ֥אand shall be broughtconj וְ + Hophal weqatal 3ms · בּוֹא (H935)Predicate verb (passive main clause)→ Weqatal (passive/Hophal): the mandated resulting action — 'shall be inserted'בּוֹא (H935) 'to come, go in'; here Hophal passive, 'to be brought, be inserted' — the poles are fitted into the rings, echoing the ark's carrying-pole instructions (25:14).
אֶת[obj]obj marker · אֵת (H853)Direct-object marker (definite object)אֵת (H853), nota accusativi; untranslated in English.
בַּדָּ֖יוits polesN m pl constr + 3ms suffix · בַּד (H905)Direct object of וְהוּבָאבַּד (H905); the altar's own carrying poles.
בַּטַּבָּעֹ֑תinto the ringsprep בְּ + art + N f pl abs · טַבַּעַת (H2885)Locative prepositional phraseטַבַּעַת (H2885); the four corner rings of the grating (v.4) that receive the poles.
וְהָי֣וּand they shall beconj וְ + Qal weqatal 3cp · הָיָה (H1961)Predicate verb (result clause)→ Weqatal: continuing prescriptive forceהָיָה (H1961); introduces the resulting fixed position of the poles.
הַבַּדִּ֗יםthe polesart + N m pl abs · בַּד (H905)Subject of וְהָיוּבַּד (H905); resumed as subject.
עַלonprep · עַל (H5921)Locative prepositional phraseעַל (H5921) 'on, upon'; marks the poles' fixed location along the altar's two sides.
שְׁתֵּ֛יthe two ofnumeral card f dual constr · שְׁתַּיִם (H8147)Numeral in construct with צַלְעֹתשְׁתַּיִם (H8147) 'two'; dual construct form governing צַלְעֹת.
צַלְעֹ֥תsides ofN comm pl constr · צֵלָע (H6763)Object of preposition עַלצֵלָע (H6763) 'side, rib, flank'; the two lateral faces of the altar frame along which the poles run.
הַמִּזְבֵּ֖חַthe altarart + N m sg abs · מִזְבֵּחַ (H4196)Genitive complement (construct chain)מִזְבֵּחַ (H4196).
בִּשְׂאֵ֥תwhen carryingprep בְּ + Qal inf constr · נָשָׂא (H5375)Temporal infinitival clause (circumstance)→ Infinitive construct: circumstantial — 'whenever it is carried'נָשָׂא (H5375) 'to lift, carry, bear'; the poles remain permanently fixed so the altar is never touched directly during transport.
אֹתֽוֹ[obj] itobj marker + 3ms suffix · אֵת (H853)Direct-object marker + resumptive pronoun (referring to the altar)אֵת (H853) with 3ms suffix, resuming הַמִּזְבֵּחַ as the object carried.
8
נְב֥וּב לֻחֹ֖ת תַּעֲשֶׂ֣ה אֹת֑וֹ כַּאֲשֶׁ֨ר הֶרְאָ֥ה אֹתְךָ֛ בָּהָ֖ר כֵּ֥ן יַעֲשֽׂוּ
You shall make it hollow, of boards; just as he showed you on the mountain, so shall it be made.
Breaks the weqatal chain with an asyndetic closing remark, tying the altar's design back to the heavenly תַּבְנִית Moses was shown on the mountain (cf. 25:9, 40), a refrain marking the close of a major construction unit.
Word-by-word analysis· 10 words
נְב֥וּבhollowQal pass ptc ms constr · נָבַב (H5014)Predicate adjective (fronted, describing the altar's construction)→ Passive participle: a fixed, resultant quality — 'hollow, empty inside'נָבַב (H5014) 'to be hollow'; the altar's interior is empty and boarded, not solid — lighter for transport than a solid mass of wood and bronze.
לֻחֹ֖תboardsN m pl abs · לוּחַ (H3871)Adverbial accusative of material/meansלוּחַ (H3871) 'board, plank, tablet' (the same word used for the stone tablets of the covenant); here the flat acacia panels forming the altar's hollow box-frame.
תַּעֲשֶׂ֣הyou shall makeQal impf 2ms · עָשָׂה (H6213)Predicate verb (main clause)→ Yiqtol: prescriptive, resuming the instruction after the fronted adjectiveעָשָׂה (H6213); resumes the governing construction verb.
אֹת֑וֹ[obj] itobj marker + 3ms suffix · אֵת (H853)Direct-object marker + resumptive pronoun (referring to the altar)אֵת (H853) with 3ms suffix, resuming הַמִּזְבֵּחַ.
כַּאֲשֶׁ֨רjust asprep כְּ + relative particle · אֲשֶׁר (H834)Comparative clause marker introducing the pattern-conformity clauseאֲשֶׁר (H834), relative particle; with כְּ forms the fixed formula 'just as... so', invoking the heavenly תַּבְנִית shown to Moses.
הֶרְאָ֥הhe showedHiphil perf 3ms · רָאָה (H7200)Predicate verb (subordinate comparative clause)→ Perfective: a completed act of revelation on the mountainרָאָה (H7200) 'to see'; Hiphil causative 'to cause to see, show' — recalls the pattern-showing motif of 25:9, 40.
אֹתְךָ֛[obj] youobj marker + 2ms suffix · אֵת (H853)Direct-object marker + resumptive pronoun (referring to Moses)אֵת (H853) with 2ms suffix, 'you' (Moses).
בָּהָ֖רon the mountainprep בְּ + art + N m sg abs · הַר (H2022)Locative prepositional phraseהַר (H2022) 'mountain, hill'; Sinai, the site of the pattern-revelation.
כֵּ֥ןso, thusadverb · כֵּן (H3651)Correlative adverb (resuming כַּאֲשֶׁר) heading the main clauseכֵּן (H3651) 'so, thus, rightly'; correlative with כַּאֲשֶׁר, forming the 'just as... so' pattern-conformity formula.
יַעֲשֽׂוּthey shall make (it)Qal impf 3mp · עָשָׂה (H6213)Predicate verb (main clause, impersonal/passive sense)→ Yiqtol: prescriptive — impersonal plural, 'it shall be made'עָשָׂה (H6213); closes the altar unit with a call back to the Sinai vision, echoed at each major construction unit (cf. 25:9, 40).
9
וְעָשִׂ֕יתָ אֵ֖ת חֲצַ֣ר הַמִּשְׁכָּ֑ן לִפְאַ֣ת נֶֽגֶב תֵּ֠ימָנָה קְלָעִ֨ים לֶחָצֵ֜ר שֵׁ֣שׁ מָשְׁזָ֗ר מֵאָ֤ה בָֽאַמָּה֙ אֹ֔רֶךְ לַפֵּאָ֖ה הָאֶחָֽת
You shall make the court of the tabernacle. On the south side, southward, the court shall have hangings of finely twisted linen, a hundred cubits long for one side.
Opens the chapter's second major section, the court (חָצֵר), pivoting from the altar to the surrounding precinct; the south side is measured first, beginning a four-sided circuit completed by v.18's summary.
Word-by-word analysis· 16 words
וְעָשִׂ֕יתָand you shall makeconj וְ + Qal weqatal 2ms · עָשָׂה (H6213)Predicate verb (main clause, opening the court unit)→ Weqatal: continuing legislative forceעָשָׂה (H6213); pivots from the altar to the surrounding court.
אֵ֖ת[obj]obj marker · אֵת (H853)Direct-object marker (definite object)אֵת (H853), nota accusativi; untranslated in English.
חֲצַ֣רthe court ofN comm sg constr · חָצֵר (H2691)Direct object of וְעָשִׂיתָ (construct chain)חָצֵר (H2691) 'court, courtyard, enclosure'; the outer fenced precinct surrounding the tabernacle tent, the subject of the rest of the chapter.
הַמִּשְׁכָּ֑ןthe tabernacleart + N m sg abs · מִשְׁכָּן (H4908)Genitive complement (construct chain)מִשְׁכָּן (H4908) 'dwelling place, tabernacle', from שָׁכַן 'to dwell'; God's tent-dwelling among Israel, whose surrounding court is now specified.
לִפְאַ֣תfor the side ofprep לְ + N f sg constr · פֵּאָה (H6285)Locative prepositional phrase heading the south-side specificationפֵּאָה (H6285) 'side, edge, corner, quarter'; used throughout to introduce each of the court's four sides.
נֶֽגֶבsouthN m sg abs · נֶגֶב (H5045)Genitive complement (direction) of פֵּאָהנֶגֶב (H5045) 'south, Negev (the dry southern region)'; used directionally.
תֵּ֠ימָנָהsouthwardN f sg abs + directional ה · תֵּימָן (H8486)Adverbial accusative of direction (in apposition to נֶגֶב)תֵּימָן (H8486) 'south, right-hand (side)'; the ה-locale suffix ('-ward') reinforces direction, echoing נֶגֶב.
קְלָעִ֨יםhangingsN m pl abs · קֶלַע (H7050)Subject of the implied verbless clauseקֶלַע (H7050) 'hanging, curtain (of woven fabric)'; the linen screens forming the court's perimeter fence, distinct from the tent's woven yeriot-curtains.
לֶחָצֵ֜רfor the courtprep לְ + art + N comm sg abs · חָצֵר (H2691)Prepositional phrase (benefactive/purpose)חָצֵר (H2691); resumed to specify whose hangings are meant.
שֵׁ֣שׁfine linenN f sg abs · שֵׁשׁ (H8336)Genitive of material describing קְלָעִיםשֵׁשׁ (H8336) 'byssus, fine (Egyptian) linen'; the prized white linen used for the court hangings and priestly garments.
מָשְׁזָ֗רtwistedHophal pass ptc ms abs · שָׁזַר (H7806)Attributive participle modifying שֵׁשׁ→ Passive participle: a fixed manufactured quality — 'twined, twisted'שָׁזַר (H7806) 'to twist, twine'; passive participle describing the multi-ply linen thread technique.
מֵאָ֤הa hundrednumeral card comm sg abs · מֵאָה (H3967)Numeral modifying בָאַמָּה אֹרֶךְמֵאָה (H3967) 'hundred'; the south side's total length.
בָֽאַמָּה֙in cubitsprep בְּ + art + N f sg abs · אַמָּה (H520)Adverbial phrase of measureאַמָּה (H520) 'cubit'.
אֹ֔רֶךְlengthN m sg abs · אֹרֶךְ (H753)Adverbial accusative specifying dimensionאֹרֶךְ (H753); the dimension being measured — the south side's length.
לַפֵּאָ֖הfor the sideprep לְ + art + N f sg abs · פֵּאָה (H6285)Prepositional phrase (resumed)פֵּאָה (H6285); resumed to close the south-side unit.
הָאֶחָֽתthe one/firstart + numeral card f sg abs · אֶחָד (H259)Attributive numeral modifying פֵּאָהאֶחָד (H259) 'one'; 'the one side' = 'the first side,' opening the four-sided enumeration completed in vv.11-13.
10
וְעַמֻּדָ֣יו עֶשְׂרִ֔ים וְאַדְנֵיהֶ֥ם עֶשְׂרִ֖ים נְחֹ֑שֶׁת וָוֵ֧י הָעַמֻּדִ֛ים וַחֲשֻׁקֵיהֶ֖ם כָּֽסֶף
Its pillars shall be twenty, and their bronze sockets twenty; the hooks of the pillars and their bands shall be silver.
Specifies twenty pillars for the hundred-cubit south side, spaced five cubits apart, with bronze sockets bearing the load and silver hooks and bands as the visible finish.
Word-by-word analysis· 9 words
וְעַמֻּדָ֣יוand its pillarsconj וְ + N m pl constr + 3ms suffix · עַמּוּד (H5982)Subject of the implied verbless clauseעַמּוּד (H5982) 'pillar, column'; the upright posts holding the linen hangings around the court's perimeter.
עֶשְׂרִ֔יםtwentynumeral card comm pl abs · עֶשְׂרִים (H6242)Numeral predicate (pillar count)עֶשְׂרִים (H6242) 'twenty'; the number of pillars for the hundred-cubit south side, spaced five cubits apart — matching the altar's own five-cubit width.
וְאַדְנֵיהֶ֥םand their socketsconj וְ + N m pl constr + 3mp suffix · אֶדֶן (H134)Subject of a parallel verbless clauseאֶדֶן (H134) 'socket, base, pedestal'; the heavy footings into which each pillar was set, here bronze — contrast the silver sockets under the tent frames (26:19).
עֶשְׂרִ֖יםtwentynumeral card comm pl abs · עֶשְׂרִים (H6242)Numeral predicate (socket count)עֶשְׂרִים (H6242); one socket per pillar.
נְחֹ֑שֶׁתbronzeN f sg abs · נְחֹשֶׁת (H5178)Genitive/adverbial of materialנְחֹשֶׁת (H5178); the load-bearing sockets are bronze.
וָוֵ֧יhooks ofN m pl constr · וָו (H2053)Subject of the implied verbless clause (metal specification)וָו (H2053) 'hook, peg'; small fasteners on the pillar capitals from which the hanging rods or curtains were suspended.
הָעַמֻּדִ֛יםthe pillarsart + N m pl abs · עַמּוּד (H5982)Genitive complement (construct chain)עַמּוּד (H5982); resumed with the article.
וַחֲשֻׁקֵיהֶ֖םand their bandsconj וְ + N m pl constr + 3mp suffix · חָשׁוּק (H2838)Coordinate subject of the verbless clauseחָשׁוּק (H2838) 'band, fillet, connecting rod'; decorative/structural rods encircling or linking the pillar capitals, giving the fence a finished appearance.
כָּֽסֶףsilverN m sg abs · כֶּסֶף (H3701)Predicate noun (material)כֶּסֶף (H3701) 'silver'; the visible, eye-level fittings (hooks, bands) are silver even though the weight-bearing sockets are bronze — a graded use of precious versus base metal.
11
וְכֵ֨ן לִפְאַ֤ת צָפוֹן֙ בָּאֹ֔רֶךְ קְלָעִ֖ים מֵ֣אָה אֹ֑רֶךְ ועמדו וְעַמּוּדָ֣יו עֶשְׂרִ֗ים וְאַדְנֵיהֶ֤ם עֶשְׂרִים֙ נְחֹ֔שֶׁת וָוֵ֧י הָֽעַמֻּדִ֛ים וַחֲשֻׁקֵיהֶ֖ם כָּֽסֶף
Likewise for the north side, along its length, there shall be hangings a hundred cubits long, with its twenty pillars and their twenty bronze sockets; the hooks of the pillars and their bands shall be silver.
The north side exactly mirrors the south (vv.9-10) in length, pillar count, and metal assignment; the verse also preserves a rare Kethiv-Qere doublet (ועמדו / וְעַמּוּדָיו), the unpointed consonantal form immediately followed by its own vocalized correction.
Word-by-word analysis· 17 words
וְכֵ֨ןand likewiseconj וְ + adverb · כֵּן (H3651)Adverbial connective heading the parallel north-side specificationכֵּן (H3651) 'so, thus, likewise'; signals exact structural repetition of the south side's specification (vv.9-10) for the north.
לִפְאַ֤תfor the side ofprep לְ + N f sg constr · פֵּאָה (H6285)Locative prepositional phraseפֵּאָה (H6285); resumed for the north side.
צָפוֹן֙northN f sg abs · צָפוֹן (H6828)Genitive complement (direction) of פֵּאָהצָפוֹן (H6828) 'north'; the second of the court's four sides.
בָּאֹ֔רֶךְin lengthprep בְּ + art + N m sg abs · אֹרֶךְ (H753)Adverbial phrase specifying the dimension in viewאֹרֶךְ (H753); clarifies that the north side, like the south, runs the full hundred-cubit length.
קְלָעִ֖יםhangingsN m pl abs · קֶלַע (H7050)Subject of the implied verbless clauseקֶלַע (H7050); the linen screens, matching the south side.
מֵ֣אָהa hundrednumeral card comm sg abs · מֵאָה (H3967)Numeral modifying אֹרֶךְמֵאָה (H3967) 'hundred'.
אֹ֑רֶךְlengthN m sg abs · אֹרֶךְ (H753)Adverbial accusative specifying dimensionאֹרֶךְ (H753); the north side's total length, matching the south (v.9).
ועמדו[Kethiv, unpointed] its pillarsKethiv, consonantal only (unpointed) · עַמּוּד (H5982)Kethiv — the written consonantal text; the adjacent Qere וְעַמּוּדָיו supplies the intended pointed readingKethiv-Qere crux: the written consonants ועמדו (defectively spelled) are traditionally read according to the Qere immediately following — וְעַמּוּדָיו 'and its pillars' — which the Masoretes supply fully pointed and which the ancient versions (LXX, Samaritan Pentateuch) reflect as the intended text; a doublet unique to this verse in the tabernacle instructions.
וְעַמּוּדָ֣יוand its pillarsconj וְ + N m pl constr + 3ms suffix · עַמּוּד (H5982)Subject (Qere reading, resumed as the operative text)עַמּוּד (H5982); the pointed Qere form standing for, and clarifying, the unpointed Kethiv immediately preceding it.
עֶשְׂרִ֗יםtwentynumeral card comm pl abs · עֶשְׂרִים (H6242)Numeral predicate (pillar count)עֶשְׂרִים (H6242); matches the south side's count.
וְאַדְנֵיהֶ֤םand their socketsconj וְ + N m pl constr + 3mp suffix · אֶדֶן (H134)Coordinate subject of the verbless clauseאֶדֶן (H134); bronze sockets, matching the south.
עֶשְׂרִים֙twentynumeral card comm pl abs · עֶשְׂרִים (H6242)Numeral predicate (socket count)עֶשְׂרִים (H6242).
נְחֹ֔שֶׁתbronzeN f sg abs · נְחֹשֶׁת (H5178)Genitive/adverbial of materialנְחֹשֶׁת (H5178).
וָוֵ֧יhooks ofN m pl constr · וָו (H2053)Subject of the implied verbless clauseוָו (H2053); matching the south side's fittings.
הָֽעַמֻּדִ֛יםthe pillarsart + N m pl abs · עַמּוּד (H5982)Genitive complement (construct chain)עַמּוּד (H5982).
וַחֲשֻׁקֵיהֶ֖םand their bandsconj וְ + N m pl constr + 3mp suffix · חָשׁוּק (H2838)Coordinate subject of the verbless clauseחָשׁוּק (H2838).
כָּֽסֶףsilverN m sg abs · כֶּסֶף (H3701)Predicate noun (material)כֶּסֶף (H3701); the north side's fittings match the south's silver hooks and bands.
12
וְרֹ֤חַב הֶֽחָצֵר֙ לִפְאַת יָ֔ם קְלָעִ֖ים חֲמִשִּׁ֣ים אַמָּ֑ה עַמֻּדֵיהֶ֣ם עֲשָׂרָ֔ה וְאַדְנֵיהֶ֖ם עֲשָׂרָֽה
For the width of the court on the west side there shall be hangings of fifty cubits, with ten pillars and their ten sockets.
Switches from the two hundred-cubit long sides to the court's width, halved to fifty cubits on the west (sea-facing) side, with proportionally halved pillar and socket counts.
Word-by-word analysis· 11 words
וְרֹ֤חַבand the width ofconj וְ + N m sg constr · רֹחַב (H7341)Fronted subject/topic (construct chain)רֹחַב (H7341) 'width, breadth'; pivots from the two long (hundred-cubit) sides to the court's width.
הֶֽחָצֵר֙the courtart + N comm sg abs · חָצֵר (H2691)Genitive complement (construct chain)חָצֵר (H2691); the court whose width is now specified.
לִפְאַתfor the side ofprep לְ + N f sg constr · פֵּאָה (H6285)Locative prepositional phraseפֵּאָה (H6285); introduces the west side.
יָ֔םwestN m sg abs · יָם (H3220)Genitive complement (direction) of פֵּאָהיָם (H3220) 'sea; west'; the Mediterranean, lying west of Israel, lends יָם its directional sense.
קְלָעִ֖יםhangingsN m pl abs · קֶלַע (H7050)Subject of the implied verbless clauseקֶלַע (H7050); the west side's linen screens.
חֲמִשִּׁ֣יםfiftynumeral card comm pl abs · חֲמִשִּׁים (H2572)Numeral modifying אַמָּהחֲמִשִּׁים (H2572) 'fifty'; the width — half the hundred-cubit length — giving the court a 2:1 rectangular proportion.
אַמָּ֑הcubitsN f sg abs · אַמָּה (H520)Adverbial accusative of measureאַמָּה (H520) 'cubit'.
עַמֻּדֵיהֶ֣םtheir pillarsN m pl constr + 3mp suffix · עַמּוּד (H5982)Subject of a parallel verbless clauseעַמּוּד (H5982); ten pillars for the fifty-cubit west side, keeping the same five-cubit spacing as the long sides.
עֲשָׂרָ֔הtennumeral card m sg abs · עֲשָׂרָה (H6235)Numeral predicate (pillar count)עֲשָׂרָה (H6235) 'ten'; half the twenty pillars of the long sides, proportional to the halved length.
וְאַדְנֵיהֶ֖םand their socketsconj וְ + N m pl constr + 3mp suffix · אֶדֶן (H134)Coordinate subject of the verbless clauseאֶדֶן (H134); bronze sockets, one per pillar.
עֲשָׂרָֽהtennumeral card m sg abs · עֲשָׂרָה (H6235)Numeral predicate (socket count)עֲשָׂרָה (H6235).
13
וְרֹ֣חַב הֶֽחָצֵ֗ר לִפְאַ֛ת קֵ֥דְמָה מִזְרָ֖חָה חֲמִשִּׁ֥ים אַמָּֽה
The width of the court on the east side, toward the sunrise, shall be fifty cubits.
Gives the matching fifty-cubit width for the east side, doubling the direction term (קֵדְמָה מִזְרָחָה) to stress the sunrise-facing orientation of the tabernacle's single entrance, whose details follow in vv.14-16.
Word-by-word analysis· 7 words
וְרֹ֣חַבand the width ofconj וְ + N m sg constr · רֹחַב (H7341)Fronted subject/topic (construct chain)רֹחַב (H7341); resumed for the east side, completing the four-sided circuit.
הֶֽחָצֵ֗רthe courtart + N comm sg abs · חָצֵר (H2691)Genitive complement (construct chain)חָצֵר (H2691).
לִפְאַ֛תfor the side ofprep לְ + N f sg constr · פֵּאָה (H6285)Locative prepositional phraseפֵּאָה (H6285).
קֵ֥דְמָהeastwardN m sg abs + directional ה · קֶדֶם (H6924)Adverbial accusative of directionקֶדֶם (H6924) 'east, front, aforetime'; directional ה-suffix, 'toward the front/east'.
מִזְרָ֖חָהtoward the sunriseN m sg abs + directional ה · מִזְרָח (H4217)Adverbial accusative of direction (in apposition to קֵדְמָה)מִזְרָח (H4217) 'sunrise, east', from זָרַח 'to rise (of the sun)'; doubled with קֵדְמָה for emphasis, stressing the sunrise-facing orientation of the tabernacle's single entrance.
חֲמִשִּׁ֥יםfiftynumeral card comm pl abs · חֲמִשִּׁים (H2572)Numeral modifying אַמָּהחֲמִשִּׁים (H2572); matches the west side's width.
אַמָּֽהcubit(s)N f sg abs · אַמָּה (H520)Adverbial accusative of measureאַמָּה (H520).
14
וַחֲמֵ֨שׁ עֶשְׂרֵ֥ה אַמָּ֛ה קְלָעִ֖ים לַכָּתֵ֑ף עַמֻּדֵיהֶ֣ם שְׁלֹשָׁ֔ה וְאַדְנֵיהֶ֖ם שְׁלֹשָֽׁה
The hangings for one shoulder shall be fifteen cubits, with three pillars and their three sockets.
Begins subdividing the fifty-cubit east side into three segments (two fifteen-cubit 'shoulders' flanking a twenty-cubit gate, vv.14-16), each with proportionally scaled pillars and sockets.
Word-by-word analysis· 9 words
וַחֲמֵ֨שׁand fiveconj וְ + numeral card f sg abs · חָמֵשׁ (H2568)Numeral, first element of the compound 'fifteen'חָמֵשׁ (H2568) 'five'; combines with עֶשְׂרֵה to form 'fifteen'.
עֶשְׂרֵ֥ה-teennumeral card f sg abs · עֶשְׂרֵה (H6240)Numeral, second element of the compound 'fifteen'עֶשְׂרֵה (H6240) '-teen (in compound numbers)'; with חָמֵשׁ forms 'fifteen'.
אַמָּ֛הcubitsN f sg abs · אַמָּה (H520)Adverbial accusative of measureאַמָּה (H520).
קְלָעִ֖יםhangingsN m pl abs · קֶלַע (H7050)Subject of the implied verbless clauseקֶלַע (H7050); this segment's linen screens.
לַכָּתֵ֑ףfor the shoulderprep לְ + art + N f sg abs · כָּתֵף (H3802)Prepositional phrase (locative, first flanking section)כָּתֵף (H3802) 'shoulder; side, flank (of a structure)'; used architecturally for the two wing-sections flanking the east-side gate.
עַמֻּדֵיהֶ֣םtheir pillarsN m pl constr + 3mp suffix · עַמּוּד (H5982)Subject of a parallel verbless clauseעַמּוּד (H5982); pillars for this fifteen-cubit segment.
שְׁלֹשָׁ֔הthreenumeral card m sg abs · שְׁלֹשָׁה (H7969)Numeral predicate (pillar count)שְׁלֹשָׁה (H7969) 'three'.
וְאַדְנֵיהֶ֖םand their socketsconj וְ + N m pl constr + 3mp suffix · אֶדֶן (H134)Coordinate subject of the verbless clauseאֶדֶן (H134); one socket per pillar.
שְׁלֹשָֽׁהthreenumeral card m sg abs · שְׁלֹשָׁה (H7969)Numeral predicate (socket count)שְׁלֹשָׁה (H7969).
15
וְלַכָּתֵף֙ הַשֵּׁנִ֔ית חְמֵ֥שׁ עֶשְׂרֵ֖ה קְלָעִ֑ים עַמֻּדֵיהֶ֣ם שְׁלֹשָׁ֔ה וְאַדְנֵיהֶ֖ם שְׁלֹשָֽׁה
And for the second shoulder there shall be hangings of fifteen cubits, with three pillars and their three sockets.
Completes the pair of fifteen-cubit shoulders (thirty cubits total) flanking the court's gate, whose own twenty-cubit screen is specified next in v.16.
Word-by-word analysis· 9 words
וְלַכָּתֵף֙and for the shoulderconj וְ + prep לְ + art + N f sg abs · כָּתֵף (H3802)Prepositional phrase (locative, second flanking section)כָּתֵף (H3802); the mirror-image second flank of the gate.
הַשֵּׁנִ֔יתthe secondart + ordinal num f sg abs · שֵׁנִית (H8145)Attributive ordinal modifying כָּתֵףשֵׁנִי/שֵׁנִית (H8145) 'second', from שָׁנָה 'to repeat, do again'; marks this as the counterpart to v.14's first shoulder.
חְמֵ֥שׁfivenumeral card f sg abs · חָמֵשׁ (H2568)Numeral, first element of 'fifteen'חָמֵשׁ (H2568).
עֶשְׂרֵ֖ה-teennumeral card f sg abs · עֶשְׂרֵה (H6240)Numeral, second element of 'fifteen'עֶשְׂרֵה (H6240).
קְלָעִ֑יםhangingsN m pl abs · קֶלַע (H7050)Subject of the implied verbless clauseקֶלַע (H7050); matching the first shoulder's fifteen cubits.
עַמֻּדֵיהֶ֣םtheir pillarsN m pl constr + 3mp suffix · עַמּוּד (H5982)Subject of a parallel verbless clauseעַמּוּד (H5982).
שְׁלֹשָׁ֔הthreenumeral card m sg abs · שְׁלֹשָׁה (H7969)Numeral predicate (pillar count)שְׁלֹשָׁה (H7969).
וְאַדְנֵיהֶ֖םand their socketsconj וְ + N m pl constr + 3mp suffix · אֶדֶן (H134)Coordinate subject of the verbless clauseאֶדֶן (H134).
שְׁלֹשָֽׁהthreenumeral card m sg abs · שְׁלֹשָׁה (H7969)Numeral predicate (socket count)שְׁלֹשָׁה (H7969); completing thirty cubits of hangings (two fifteen-cubit shoulders) flanking the twenty-cubit gate of v.16.
16
וּלְשַׁ֨עַר הֶֽחָצֵ֜ר מָסָ֣ךְ עֶשְׂרִ֣ים אַמָּ֗ה תְּכֵ֨לֶת וְאַרְגָּמָ֜ן וְתוֹלַ֧עַת שָׁנִ֛י וְשֵׁ֥שׁ מָשְׁזָ֖ר מַעֲשֵׂ֣ה רֹקֵ֑ם עַמֻּֽדֵיהֶם֙ אַרְבָּעָ֔ה וְאַדְנֵיהֶ֖ם אַרְבָּעָֽה
For the gate of the court there shall be a screen of twenty cubits, of blue, purple, and scarlet yarn, and finely twisted linen, the work of an embroiderer, with their four pillars and their four sockets.
Singles out the court's one formal entrance for the same tricolor-plus-linen, embroidered fabric used at the tent door and inner veil, marking the gate as the single sanctioned point of approach into sacred space.
Word-by-word analysis· 17 words
וּלְשַׁ֨עַרand for the gate ofconj וְ + prep לְ + N m sg constr · שַׁעַר (H8179)Prepositional phrase heading the gate-screen unitשַׁעַר (H8179) 'gate'; the single formal entrance to the court, positioned centrally on the east side.
הֶֽחָצֵ֜רthe courtart + N comm sg abs · חָצֵר (H2691)Genitive complement (construct chain)חָצֵר (H2691).
מָסָ֣ךְa screenN m sg abs · מָסָךְ (H4539)Subject of the implied verbless clauseמָסָךְ (H4539) 'screen, covering, curtain', from סָכַךְ 'to cover, screen'; the decorated hanging that closes the gate opening, matching the tent-door and inner veil fabric (26:31, 36).
עֶשְׂרִ֣יםtwentynumeral card comm pl abs · עֶשְׂרִים (H6242)Numeral modifying אַמָּהעֶשְׂרִים (H6242) 'twenty'; the gate's width, completing the fifty-cubit east side (two fifteen-cubit shoulders plus this twenty-cubit gate).
אַמָּ֗הcubitsN f sg abs · אַמָּה (H520)Adverbial accusative of measureאַמָּה (H520).
תְּכֵ֨לֶתblueN f sg abs · תְּכֵלֶת (H8504)Genitive of material (first of three dyed yarns)תְּכֵלֶת (H8504) 'blue, violet-blue (dye/yarn)'; one of the three sanctuary colors, likely from a marine-mollusk dye.
וְאַרְגָּמָ֜ןand purpleconj וְ + N m sg abs · אַרְגָּמָן (H713)Coordinate genitive of material (second yarn)אַרְגָּמָן (H713) 'purple, purple-red (dye/yarn)'; a costly Phoenician-derived dye color.
וְתוֹלַ֧עַתand worm ofconj וְ + N f sg constr · תוֹלַעַת (H8438)Coordinate genitive of material (third yarn, construct)תוֹלַעַת (H8438) 'worm; crimson/scarlet (from the kermes/cochineal insect dye)'.
שָׁנִ֛יscarletN m sg abs · שָׁנִי (H8144)Genitive complement of תוֹלַעַתשָׁנִי (H8144) 'scarlet, crimson'; with תוֹלַעַת forms the fixed phrase 'scarlet (worm-crimson) yarn', the third sanctuary color.
וְשֵׁ֥שׁand fine linenconj וְ + N f sg abs · שֵׁשׁ (H8336)Coordinate genitive of material (the base fabric)שֵׁשׁ (H8336) 'byssus, fine linen'; the base fabric into which the three colored yarns are worked.
מָשְׁזָ֖רtwistedHophal pass ptc ms abs · שָׁזַר (H7806)Attributive participle modifying שֵׁשׁ→ Passive participle: fixed manufactured quality — 'twined'שָׁזַר (H7806) 'to twist, twine'.
מַעֲשֵׂ֣הwork ofN m sg constr · מַעֲשֶׂה (H4639)Apposition specifying techniqueמַעֲשֶׂה (H4639) 'work, product'; construct idiom naming the manufacturing technique.
רֹקֵ֑םan embroidererQal act ptc ms abs · רָקַם (H7551)Genitive complement of מַעֲשֵׂה (substantival participle)→ Active participle: an ongoing/characteristic skill — 'one who embroiders'רָקַם (H7551) 'to weave, embroider (variegated patterns)'; participle used substantivally, designating the more elaborate embroidered technique used for the publicly visible gate screen, as opposed to the plainer designer-work of the inner veil (26:31).
עַמֻּֽדֵיהֶם֙their pillarsN m pl constr + 3mp suffix · עַמּוּד (H5982)Subject of a parallel verbless clauseעַמּוּד (H5982); the gate's own framing pillars.
אַרְבָּעָ֔הfournumeral card m sg abs · אַרְבָּעָה (H702)Numeral predicate (pillar count)אַרְבָּעָה (H702) 'four'.
וְאַדְנֵיהֶ֖םand their socketsconj וְ + N m pl constr + 3mp suffix · אֶדֶן (H134)Coordinate subject of the verbless clauseאֶדֶן (H134).
אַרְבָּעָֽהfournumeral card m sg abs · אַרְבָּעָה (H702)Numeral predicate (socket count)אַרְבָּעָה (H702); completing the gate's framing, matching its four pillars.
17
כָּל עַמּוּדֵ֨י הֶֽחָצֵ֤ר סָבִיב֙ מְחֻשָּׁקִ֣ים כֶּ֔סֶף וָוֵיהֶ֖ם כָּ֑סֶף וְאַדְנֵיהֶ֖ם נְחֹֽשֶׁת
All the pillars around the court shall be banded with silver; their hooks shall be silver, and their sockets bronze.
Gathers the preceding side-by-side specifications into one generalizing rule — every pillar all around gets silver bands and hooks over bronze sockets — before the total court dimensions are restated in v.18.
Word-by-word analysis· 10 words
כָּלallN m sg constr · כֹּל (H3605)Fronted subject (construct chain, universal quantifier)כֹּל (H3605) 'all, every, whole'; opens a summarizing generalization over every pillar of the court.
עַמּוּדֵ֨יpillars ofN m pl constr · עַמּוּד (H5982)Genitive complement of כָּל (construct chain)עַמּוּד (H5982).
הֶֽחָצֵ֤רthe courtart + N comm sg abs · חָצֵר (H2691)Genitive complement (construct chain)חָצֵר (H2691).
סָבִיב֙aroundN/adv comm sg abs · סָבִיב (H5439)Adverbial modifier (encompassing all four sides)סָבִיב (H5439) 'around, surrounding'; used adverbially, 'all around, on every side' — gathering the separately itemized sides into one rule.
מְחֻשָּׁקִ֣יםbandedPual pass ptc mp abs · חָשַׁק (H2836)Predicate participle (verbless clause)→ Passive participle: a uniform, finished quality — 'filleted, banded'חָשַׁק (H2836) 'to band, encircle, fillet'; describes the silver banding fitted to every pillar around the entire perimeter, unifying the fence's finished appearance.
כֶּ֔סֶףsilverN m sg abs · כֶּסֶף (H3701)Adverbial accusative of materialכֶּסֶף (H3701).
וָוֵיהֶ֖םtheir hooksN m pl constr + 3mp suffix · וָו (H2053)Subject of a parallel verbless clauseוָו (H2053); restated as universally silver for every pillar.
כָּ֑סֶףsilverN m sg abs · כֶּסֶף (H3701)Predicate noun (material)כֶּסֶף (H3701).
וְאַדְנֵיהֶ֖םand their socketsconj וְ + N m pl constr + 3mp suffix · אֶדֶן (H134)Coordinate subject of the verbless clauseאֶדֶן (H134); the one element kept as bronze even in this summarizing rule.
נְחֹֽשֶׁתbronzeN f sg abs · נְחֹשֶׁת (H5178)Predicate noun (material)נְחֹשֶׁת (H5178); the load-bearing sockets remain bronze throughout, contrasting with the silver hooks and bands.
18
אֹ֣רֶךְ הֶֽחָצֵר֩ מֵאָ֨ה בָֽאַמָּ֜ה וְרֹ֣חַב חֲמִשִּׁ֣ים בַּחֲמִשִּׁ֗ים וְקֹמָ֛ה חָמֵ֥שׁ אַמּ֖וֹת שֵׁ֣שׁ מָשְׁזָ֑ר וְאַדְנֵיהֶ֖ם נְחֹֽשֶׁת
The length of the court shall be a hundred cubits, the width fifty by fifty, and the height five cubits, of finely twisted linen, with bronze sockets.
Closes the court section with a compact tally of its overall length, width, and fence height, matching the fence height (five cubits) to the altar's own height in v.1 and confirming the linen and bronze already itemized.
Word-by-word analysis· 14 words
אֹ֣רֶךְthe length ofN m sg constr · אֹרֶךְ (H753)Fronted subject (construct chain, opening the summary)אֹרֶךְ (H753); opens the closing tally of the court's total dimensions.
הֶֽחָצֵר֩the courtart + N comm sg abs · חָצֵר (H2691)Genitive complement (construct chain)חָצֵר (H2691).
מֵאָ֨הa hundrednumeral card comm sg abs · מֵאָה (H3967)Numeral predicateמֵאָה (H3967); the total length, confirming vv.9 and 11 (south and north).
בָֽאַמָּ֜הin cubitsprep בְּ + art + N f sg abs · אַמָּה (H520)Adverbial phrase of measureאַמָּה (H520).
וְרֹ֣חַבand the widthconj וְ + N m sg abs · רֹחַב (H7341)Coordinate subject (new clause)רֹחַב (H7341).
חֲמִשִּׁ֣יםfiftynumeral card comm pl abs · חֲמִשִּׁים (H2572)Numeral predicate (first element of idiom)חֲמִשִּׁים (H2572).
בַּחֲמִשִּׁ֗יםby fiftyprep בְּ + numeral card comm pl abs · חֲמִשִּׁים (H2572)Adverbial phrase (idiom of proportion)חֲמִשִּׁים (H2572); the idiom 'fifty by fifty' expresses the overall two-to-one rectangular proportion (100 x 50 cubits) of the court.
וְקֹמָ֛הand the heightconj וְ + N f sg abs · קוֹמָה (H6967)Coordinate subject (new clause)קוֹמָה (H6967) 'height, stature'.
חָמֵ֥שׁfivenumeral card f sg abs · חָמֵשׁ (H2568)Numeral modifying אַמּוֹתחָמֵשׁ (H2568); the fence's height, matching the altar's own height (v.1) — the whole outer-court apparatus kept to a uniform five-cubit scale.
אַמּ֖וֹתcubitsN f pl abs · אַמָּה (H520)Adverbial accusative of measureאַמָּה (H520).
שֵׁ֣שׁfine linenN f sg abs · שֵׁשׁ (H8336)Genitive of material (resuming the hangings' fabric)שֵׁשׁ (H8336).
מָשְׁזָ֑רtwistedHophal pass ptc ms abs · שָׁזַר (H7806)Attributive participle modifying שֵׁשׁ→ Passive participle: fixed manufactured qualityשָׁזַר (H7806).
וְאַדְנֵיהֶ֖םand their socketsconj וְ + N m pl constr + 3mp suffix · אֶדֶן (H134)Coordinate subject of the closing clauseאֶדֶן (H134); confirming bronze as the summary material for all the court's sockets.
נְחֹֽשֶׁתbronzeN f sg abs · נְחֹשֶׁת (H5178)Predicate noun (material)נְחֹשֶׁת (H5178); closes the court's dimensional summary.
19
לְכֹל֙ כְּלֵ֣י הַמִּשְׁכָּ֔ן בְּכֹ֖ל עֲבֹדָת֑וֹ וְכָל יְתֵדֹתָ֛יו וְכָל יִתְדֹ֥ת הֶחָצֵ֖ר נְחֹֽשֶׁת
All the utensils of the tabernacle, for all its service, and all its pegs and all the pegs of the court, shall be of bronze.
A sweeping closing generalization covering every leftover implement and every tent peg — both the tabernacle's and the court's — fixing bronze as the base-metal default and formally closing the tabernacle-and-court construction unit (chs. 25-27).
Word-by-word analysis· 11 words
לְכֹל֙for allprep לְ + N m sg constr · כֹּל (H3605)Fronted prepositional phrase heading the final summaryכֹּל (H3605) 'all, every, whole'; opens a sweeping closing generalization covering every remaining implement.
כְּלֵ֣יutensils ofN m pl constr · כְּלִי (H3627)Genitive complement of כֹּלכְּלִי (H3627) 'vessel, utensil, implement'; here generalized to every tabernacle implement not already specified.
הַמִּשְׁכָּ֔ןthe tabernacleart + N m sg abs · מִשְׁכָּן (H4908)Genitive complement (construct chain)מִשְׁכָּן (H4908).
בְּכֹ֖לin allprep בְּ + N m sg constr · כֹּל (H3605)Coordinate prepositional phraseכֹּל (H3605).
עֲבֹדָת֑וֹits serviceN f sg constr + 3ms suffix · עֲבֹדָה (H5656)Genitive complement of בְּכֹלעֲבֹדָה (H5656) 'service, work, labor', from עָבַד 'to serve, work'; the ongoing cultic operation and maintenance of the tabernacle in general.
וְכָלand allconj וְ + N m sg constr · כֹּל (H3605)Coordinate prepositional/quantifier phraseכֹּל (H3605).
יְתֵדֹתָ֛יוits pegsN f pl constr + 3ms suffix · יָתֵד (H3489)Genitive complement of כָליָתֵד (H3489) 'peg, pin, stake'; the tent's own ground-stakes, driven into the earth to anchor guy-ropes (cf. 35:18; 38:20, 31).
וְכָלand allconj וְ + N m sg constr · כֹּל (H3605)Coordinate quantifier phraseכֹּל (H3605).
יִתְדֹ֥תpegs ofN f pl constr · יָתֵד (H3489)Genitive complement of כָליָתֵד (H3489); the court fence's own separate set of stakes.
הֶחָצֵ֖רthe courtart + N comm sg abs · חָצֵר (H2691)Genitive complement (construct chain)חָצֵר (H2691).
נְחֹֽשֶׁתbronzeN f sg abs · נְחֹשֶׁת (H5178)Predicate noun (material, closing the whole construction unit)נְחֹשֶׁת (H5178); fixes bronze as the base-metal default for every otherwise-unspecified implement and peg, formally closing the tabernacle-and-court construction unit (chs. 25-27).
20
וְאַתָּ֞ה תְּצַוֶּ֣ה אֶת בְּנֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֗ל וְיִקְח֨וּ אֵלֶ֜יךָ שֶׁ֣מֶן זַ֥יִת זָ֛ךְ כָּתִ֖ית לַמָּא֑וֹר לְהַעֲלֹ֥ת נֵ֖ר תָּמִֽיד
You shall command the sons of Israel to bring you pure, beaten olive oil for the light, to make a lamp burn continually.
Opens the chapter's final unit with a fronted, emphatic 'and you' pivoting from architecture to ongoing cultic supply, commanding Israel to furnish pure beaten olive oil so the lampstand's flame can be kept perpetually burning — the תָּמִיד motif picked up and specified in v.21's חֻקַּת עוֹלָם.
Word-by-word analysis· 15 words
וְאַתָּ֞הand youconj וְ + indep pronoun 2ms · אַתָּה (H859)Fronted subject (emphatic, casus pendens introducing a new command)אַתָּה (H859) 'you' (2ms independent pronoun); its fronting before the verb throws emphasis onto Moses personally, marking a shift to a new topic — the lamp oil — after the architectural unit.
תְּצַוֶּ֣הyou shall commandPiel impf 2ms · צָוָה (H6680)Predicate verb (main clause)→ Yiqtol: prescriptive/future — the ongoing charge laid on Mosesצָוָה (H6680) 'to command, charge, order'; the verb of divine legislation throughout the Pentateuch, here delegating the actual charge to Moses to relay to the people.
אֶת[obj]obj marker · אֵת (H853)Direct-object marker (definite object)אֵת (H853), nota accusativi; untranslated in English.
בְּנֵ֣יsons ofN m pl constr · בֵּן (H1121)Direct object of תְּצַוֶּה (construct chain)בֵּן (H1121) 'son'; construct governing the national name.
יִשְׂרָאֵ֗לIsraelproper noun · יִשְׂרָאֵל (H3478)Genitive complement (construct chain)יִשְׂרָאֵל (H3478); the covenant nation addressed.
וְיִקְח֨וּthat they bringconj וְ + Qal impf 3mp · לָקַח (H3947)Predicate verb (purpose/result clause continuing the command)→ Yiqtol: purpose/jussive nuance — 'that they bring, let them bring'לָקַח (H3947) 'to take'; here with the nuance 'fetch, bring, contribute' (of a levied item), continuing the command's force from תְּצַוֶּה.
אֵלֶ֜יךָto youprep אֶל + 2ms suffix · אֶל (H413)Prepositional phrase (goal/recipient)אֶל (H413) 'to, toward'; Moses as the collection point for the people's contribution.
שֶׁ֣מֶןoil ofN m sg constr · שֶׁמֶן (H8081)Direct object of וְיִקְחוּ (construct chain)שֶׁמֶן (H8081) 'oil, fat'; construct governing זַיִת.
זַ֥יִתoliveN m sg abs · זַיִת (H2132)Genitive complement of שֶׁמֶןזַיִת (H2132) 'olive, olive tree'; the source plant of the required fuel.
זָ֛ךְpureadjective ms abs · זָךְ (H2134)Attributive adjective modifying שֶׁמֶן זַיִתזָךְ (H2134) 'pure, clear, unadulterated'; describes the required grade of oil — free of sediment, from the first pressing.
כָּתִ֖יתbeatenadjective ms abs · כָּתִית (H3795)Coordinate attributive adjective modifying שֶׁמֶן זַיִתכָּתִית (H3795) 'beaten, crushed, pounded', from כָּתַת 'to beat, crush'; oil obtained by pounding olives rather than milling, yielding a clearer, higher grade — required specifically for the lampstand's flame.
לַמָּא֑וֹרfor the lightprep לְ + art + N m sg abs · מָאוֹר (H3974)Prepositional phrase (purpose)מָאוֹר (H3974) 'light, luminary, light-source', from אוֹר 'light'; the lampstand's light in general (cf. its detailed form in 25:31-40).
לְהַעֲלֹ֥תto make burnprep לְ + Hiphil inf constr · עָלָה (H5927)Purpose infinitival clause modifying the whole command→ Infinitive construct: purpose — 'in order to kindle/keep burning'עָלָה (H5927) 'to go up, ascend'; Hiphil causative here idiomatically 'to cause (the flame) to go up, to light, to kindle' — the fixed idiom for tending a lamp's flame.
נֵ֖רa lampN m sg constr · נֵר (H5216)Direct object of לְהַעֲלֹת (construct with adverbial תָּמִיד)נֵר (H5216) 'lamp'; construct governing תָּמִיד adverbially, 'a lamp continually'.
תָּמִֽידcontinuallyN/adv m sg abs · תָּמִיד (H8548)Adverbial accusative modifying נֵר...לְהַעֲלֹתתָּמִיד (H8548) 'continually, regularly, perpetually'; the key temporal term of this closing unit, specifying the lamp's uninterrupted burning as a standing requirement (cf. the עֹלַת תָּמִיד, 'regular/continual burnt offering,' of 29:38-42).
21
בְּאֹ֣הֶל מוֹעֵד֩ מִח֨וּץ לַפָּרֹ֜כֶת אֲשֶׁ֣ר עַל הָעֵדֻ֗ת יַעֲרֹךְ֩ אֹת֨וֹ אַהֲרֹ֧ן וּבָנָ֛יו מֵעֶ֥רֶב עַד בֹּ֖קֶר לִפְנֵ֣י יְהוָ֑ה חֻקַּ֤ת עוֹלָם֙ לְדֹ֣רֹתָ֔ם מֵאֵ֖ת בְּנֵ֥י יִשְׂרָאֵֽל
In the tent of meeting, outside the veil that is before the testimony, Aaron and his sons shall arrange it, from evening to morning, before the LORD — a perpetual statute throughout their generations, on behalf of the sons of Israel.
Closes both the lamp-oil unit and the chapter as a whole with the fixed legal seal חֻקַּת עוֹלָם לְדֹרֹתָם ('a perpetual statute throughout their generations'), specifying Aaron and his sons as the perpetual tenders of the flame from evening to morning before the LORD, echoing and completing the תָּמִיד of v.20 with the language of permanent covenant law.
Word-by-word analysis· 22 words
בְּאֹ֣הֶלin the tent ofprep בְּ + N m sg constr · אֹהֶל (H168)Locative prepositional phrase heading the verseאֹהֶל (H168) 'tent'; construct governing מוֹעֵד.
מוֹעֵד֩meetingN m sg abs · מוֹעֵד (H4150)Genitive complement of אֹהֶלמוֹעֵד (H4150) 'appointed time, appointed place, meeting'; with אֹהֶל forms 'tent of meeting,' the sanctuary's functional name as the place of appointed divine-human encounter.
מִח֨וּץoutsideprep מִן + N m sg abs · חוּץ (H2351)Locative prepositional phraseחוּץ (H2351) 'outside, street'; the compound 'from outside to' = 'outside of, beyond' locates the lampstand in the Holy Place, just short of the veil.
לַפָּרֹ֜כֶתthe veilprep לְ + art + N f sg abs · פָּרֹכֶת (H6532)Object of the compound preposition מִחוּץ לְפָּרֹכֶת (H6532) 'veil, curtain'; the inner partition separating the Holy Place from the Most Holy Place (26:31-33); the lampstand and its lamp stand just outside it.
אֲשֶׁ֣רwhichrelative particle · אֲשֶׁר (H834)Relative clause marker introducing the clause modifying פָּרֹכֶתאֲשֶׁר (H834), indeclinable relative particle introducing the qualifying clause on the veil's location.
עַלoverprep · עַל (H5921)Locative prepositional phrase (within the relative clause)עַל (H5921) 'on, upon, over'; within the relative clause, locates the veil relative to the testimony.
הָעֵדֻ֗תthe testimonyart + N f sg abs · עֵדוּת (H5715)Object of preposition עַלעֵדוּת (H5715) 'testimony, witness', from עוּד 'to testify'; the tablets of the covenant housed in the ark beyond the veil, giving both veil and ark their name.
יַעֲרֹךְ֩he shall arrange/tendQal impf 3ms · עָרַךְ (H6186)Predicate verb (main clause)→ Yiqtol: prescriptive/durative — an ongoing standing dutyעָרַךְ (H6186) 'to arrange, set in order, lay out'; the technical verb for tending, trimming, and setting the lamps in order (cf. Lev 24:3-4).
אֹת֨וֹ[obj] itobj marker + 3ms suffix · אֵת (H853)Direct-object marker + resumptive pronoun (referring to the lamp)אֵת (H853) with 3ms suffix, resuming נֵר from v.20 as the object tended.
אַהֲרֹ֧ןAaronproper noun · אַהֲרֹן (H175)Subject of יַעֲרֹךְאַהֲרֹן (H175); Moses' brother, the high priest, charged with the lamp's ongoing care.
וּבָנָ֛יוand his sonsconj וְ + N m pl constr + 3ms suffix · בֵּן (H1121)Coordinate subject of יַעֲרֹךְבֵּן (H1121); the priestly line who share Aaron's perpetual duty.
מֵעֶ֥רֶבfrom eveningprep מִן + N m sg abs · עֶרֶב (H6153)Adverbial phrase of timeעֶרֶב (H6153) 'evening'.
עַדuntilprep · עַד (H5704)Coordinate temporal prepositionעַד (H5704) 'until, as far as'; with מֵעֶרֶב forms the evening-to-morning temporal frame.
בֹּ֖קֶרmorningN m sg abs · בֹּקֶר (H1242)Object of preposition עַדבֹּקֶר (H1242) 'morning'; with מֵעֶרֶב forms the recurring evening-to-morning frame for tending the lamp (cf. Lev 24:3).
לִפְנֵ֣יbeforeprep לְ + N c pl constr · פָּנִים (H6440)Locative/theophanic prepositional phraseפָּנִים (H6440) 'face'; idiomatic compound preposition 'before, in the presence of'.
יְהוָ֑הthe LORDproper noun · יְהוָה (H3068)Object of preposition לִפְנֵייְהוָה (H3068); the covenant name, before whom the lamp perpetually burns.
חֻקַּ֤תa statute ofN f sg constr · חֻקָּה (H2708)Appositional predicate (legal seal on the whole command)חֻקָּה (H2708) 'statute, prescribed ordinance', from חָקַק 'to inscribe, decree'; construct governing עוֹלָם, forming the fixed legal formula 'a perpetual statute.'
עוֹלָם֙perpetuityN m sg abs · עוֹלָם (H5769)Genitive complement of חֻקַּתעוֹלָם (H5769) 'long duration, antiquity, perpetuity, forever'; with חֻקַּת forms חֻקַּת עוֹלָם, the standard closing formula sealing a cultic ordinance as permanently binding — echoing and formalizing the נֵר תָּמִיד ('lamp continually') of v.20.
לְדֹ֣רֹתָ֔םthroughout their generationsprep לְ + N m pl constr + 3mp suffix · דּוֹר (H1755)Adverbial phrase of durationדּוֹר (H1755) 'generation, age'; the durational counterpart to עוֹלָם, extending the statute's force across all future generations of Israel.
מֵאֵ֖תfrom, on behalf ofprep מִן + prep אֵת · אֵת (H854)Prepositional phrase (source of the obligation)אֵת (H854) 'with, together with'; the compound מֵאֵת here means 'from, on the part of' — i.e., the oil and duty required from Israel as a body.
בְּנֵ֥יsons ofN m pl constr · בֵּן (H1121)Genitive complement of מֵאֵת (construct chain)בֵּן (H1121).
יִשְׂרָאֵֽלIsraelproper noun · יִשְׂרָאֵל (H3478)Genitive complement (construct chain)יִשְׂרָאֵל (H3478); closes the chapter, naming the whole covenant community as responsible for supplying the perpetual light.