Hebrew Text · Translation · Interlinear · Discourse Structure

The Book of Amos, Chapter 3עמוס 3

Each verse opens with the running Hebrew, an English translation, and a discourse note (its connective, relation, and role in the argument). Below follows the word-by-word breakdown in six tiers: gloss, case/state or parsing, syntax, semantic force, and a lexical note.

Case Nominative Genitive Dative Accusative Vocative Verb (no case) Indeclinable

Discourse notes head each verse: relation · connective · clause-flow. Indentation marks prominence — flush-left = main line of argument; indented = supporting / subordinate material.

Theme

Amos 3 (15 verses in the MT) opens: Hear this word that YHWH has spoken against you, O children of Israel, against the whole family which I brought up from the land of Egypt, saying, The middle of the chapter continues: The lion has roared, who will not fear? YHWH YHWH has spoken, who can but prophesy? It closes: And I will smite the winter house with the summer house; and the houses of ivory shall perish, and the great houses shall have an end, says YHWH.

Translation & textual notes

The Hebrew base text here follows the Masoretic Text in the Leningrad tradition as represented by the Westminster Leningrad Codex / MorphHB diplomatic stream imported from OSHB; distinctively copyrighted apparatus from BHS or BHQ is not reproduced. Amos 3 comprises 15 verses in MT order. Movement I (vv. 1-4) — Hear this word that YHWH has spoken against you, O children of Israel, a. Hear this word that YHWH has spoken against you, O children of Israel, against the whole family which I brought up from the land of Egypt, saying, You only have I known of all the families of the earth: therefore I will punish you for all your iniquities. Can two walk together, except they be agreed? Will a lion roar in the forest, when he has no prey? will. Movement II (vv. 5-8) — Can a bird fall in a snare upon the earth, where no gin for him? shall t. Can a bird fall in a snare upon the earth, where no gin for him? shall take up a snare from the earth, and have taken nothing at all? Shall a trumpet be blown in the city, and the people not be afraid? shall there be evil in a city, and YHWH has not done ? Surely YHWH YHWH will do nothing, but he revealeth his secret to his servants the prophets. The lion. Movement III (vv. 9-12) — Publish in the palaces at Ashdod, and in the palaces in the land of Egyp. Publish in the palaces at Ashdod, and in the palaces in the land of Egypt, and say, Assemble yourselves upon the mountains of Samaria, and behold the great tumults in the midst thereof, and the oppressed in the midst thereof. For they know not to do right, says YHWH, who store up violence and robbery in their palaces. Therefore thus says YHWH YHWH; An. Movement IV (vv. 13-15) — Hear you, and testify in the house of Jacob, says YHWH YHWH, the God of. Hear you, and testify in the house of Jacob, says YHWH YHWH, the God of hosts, That in the day that I shall visit the transgressions of Israel upon him I will also visit the altars of Bethel: and the horns of the altar shall be cut off, and fall to the ground. And I will smite the winter house with the summer house; and the houses of ivory shall perish, and. Where English printed Bibles divide verses differently, this annotation follows MT versification throughout.

1

שִׁמְע֞וּ אֶת הַדָּבָ֣ר הַזֶּ֗ה אֲשֶׁ֨ר דִּבֶּ֧ר יְהוָ֛ה עֲלֵיכֶ֖ם בְּנֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל עַ֚ל כָּל הַמִּשְׁפָּחָ֔ה אֲשֶׁ֧ר הֶעֱלֵ֛יתִי מֵאֶ֥רֶץ מִצְרַ֖יִם לֵאמֹֽר

Hear this word that YHWH has spoken against you, O children of Israel, against the whole family which I brought up from the land of Egypt, saying,

Imperative — volitional addressasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Imperative — volitional address. Lead predicate is 'his hearing'. Opens the chapter.
Word-by-word analysis· 18 words
שִׁמְע֞וּhis hearingQal impv 2mp · שָׁמַע (H8085)Predicate verb (imperative)→ Volitional: imperativeשָׁמַע (H8085) 'his hearing'.
אֶת(obj)obj marker · אֵת (H853)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H853) '(obj)'.
הַדָּבָ֣רthe wordart + N com m sg abs · דָּבָר (H1697)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)דָּבָר (H1697) 'the word'.
הַזֶּ֗הthisart + dem. pron xms · זֶה (H2088)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)זֶה (H2088) 'this'.
אֲשֶׁ֨רthatrel. שֶׁ · אֲשֶׁר (H834)Particle or relational elementאֲשֶׁר (H834) 'that'.
דִּבֶּ֧רspeakPiel perf 3ms · דִּבֶּר (H1696)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actדִּבֶּר (H1696) 'speak'.
יְהוָ֛הYHWHN · יְהוָה (H3068)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוָה (H3068) 'YHWH'.
עֲלֵיכֶ֖םagainst youprep + sfx 2mp · עַל (H5921)Particle or relational elementעַל (H5921) 'against you'.
בְּנֵ֣יthe sons ofN c · בֵּן (H1121)Construct chain (genitival)בֵּן (H1121) 'the sons of'.
יִשְׂרָאֵ֑לIsraelN · יִשְׂרָאֵל (H3478)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יִשְׂרָאֵל (H3478) 'Israel'.
עַ֚לonprep · עַל (H5921)Particle or relational elementעַל (H5921) 'on'.
כָּלallN c · כֹּל (H3605)Construct chain (genitival)כֹּל (H3605) 'all'.
הַמִּשְׁפָּחָ֔הthe clan ofart + N com f sg abs · מִשְׁפָּחָה (H4940)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מִשְׁפָּחָה (H4940) 'the clan of'.
אֲשֶׁ֧רthatrel. שֶׁ · אֲשֶׁר (H834)Particle or relational elementאֲשֶׁר (H834) 'that'.
הֶעֱלֵ֛יתִיand he went upHiphil perf 1cs · עָלָה (H5927)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actעָלָה (H5927) 'and he went up'.
מֵאֶ֥רֶץfrom the land ofprep + N com c sg constr · אֶרֶץ (H776)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֶרֶץ (H776) 'from the land of'.
מִצְרַ֖יִםEgyptN · מִצְרַיִם (H4714)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מִצְרַיִם (H4714) 'Egypt'.
לֵאמֹֽרsayingprep + Qal inf constr · אָמַר (H559)Infinitive construct→ Infinitive construct: purpose, result, or complementאָמַר (H559) 'saying'.
2

רַ֚ק אֶתְכֶ֣ם יָדַ֔עְתִּי מִכֹּ֖ל מִשְׁפְּח֣וֹת הָאֲדָמָ֑ה עַל כֵּן֙ אֶפְקֹ֣ד עֲלֵיכֶ֔ם אֵ֖ת כָּל עֲוֺנֹֽתֵיכֶֽם

You only have I known of all the families of the earth: therefore I will punish you for all your iniquities.

Qatal — perfective or stative predicationasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Qatal — perfective or stative predication. Lead predicate is 'I know'.
Word-by-word analysis· 13 words
רַ֚קonlyparticle · רַק (H7535)Particle or relational elementרַק (H7535) 'only'.
אֶתְכֶ֣םyouobj marker + sfx 2mp · אֵת (H853)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H853) 'you'.
יָדַ֔עְתִּיI knowQal perf 1cs · יָדַע (H3045)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actיָדַע (H3045) 'I know'.
מִכֹּ֖לfrom allprep + N com m sg constr · כֹּל (H3605)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)כֹּל (H3605) 'from all'.
מִשְׁפְּח֣וֹתclans ofN c · מִשְׁפָּחָה (H4940)Construct chain (genitival)מִשְׁפָּחָה (H4940) 'clans of'.
הָאֲדָמָ֑הthe groundart + N com f sg abs · אֲדָמָה (H127)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֲדָמָה (H127) 'the ground'.
עַלonprep · עַל (H5921)Particle or relational elementעַל (H5921) 'on'.
כֵּן֙soadv. · כֵּן (H3651)Particle or relational elementכֵּן (H3651) 'so'.
אֶפְקֹ֣דtheir mustered (men)Qal impf 1cs · פָּקַד (H6485)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalפָּקַד (H6485) 'their mustered (men)'.
עֲלֵיכֶ֔םagainst youprep + sfx 2mp · עַל (H5921)Particle or relational elementעַל (H5921) 'against you'.
אֵ֖ת(obj)obj marker · אֵת (H853)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H853) '(obj)'.
כָּלallN c · כֹּל (H3605)Construct chain (genitival)כֹּל (H3605) 'all'.
עֲוֺנֹֽתֵיכֶֽםyour iniquitiesN c · עָוֹן (H5771)Construct chain (genitival)עָוֹן (H5771) 'your iniquities'.
3

הֲיֵלְכ֥וּ שְׁנַ֖יִם יַחְדָּ֑ו בִּלְתִּ֖י אִם נוֹעָֽדוּ

Can two walk together, except they be agreed?

Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'and he went'.
Word-by-word analysis· 6 words
הֲיֵלְכ֥וּand he wentinterrog. + Qal impf 3mp · הָלַךְ (H3212)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalהָלַךְ (H3212) 'and he went'.
שְׁנַ֖יִםtwoAdj · שְׁנַיִם (H8147)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שְׁנַיִם (H8147) 'two'.
יַחְדָּ֑וtogetherart · יַחְדָּו (H3162)Particle or relational elementיַחְדָּו (H3162) 'together'.
בִּלְתִּ֖יexceptconj וְ · בִּלְתִּי (H1115)Particle or relational elementבִּלְתִּי (H1115) 'except'.
אִםifconj וְ · אִם (H518)Particle or relational elementאִם (H518) 'if'.
נוֹעָֽדוּI will meetN · יָעַד (H3259)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יָעַד (H3259) 'I will meet'.
4

הֲיִשְׁאַ֤ג אַרְיֵה֙ בַּיַּ֔עַר וְטֶ֖רֶף אֵ֣ין ל֑וֹ הֲיִתֵּ֨ן כְּפִ֤יר קוֹלוֹ֙ מִמְּעֹ֣נָת֔וֹ בִּלְתִּ֖י אִם לָכָֽד

Will a lion roar in the forest, when he has no prey? will a young lion cry out of his den, if he have taken nothing?

Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-orientedasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'roar'.
Word-by-word analysis· 13 words
הֲיִשְׁאַ֤גroarinterrog. + Qal impf 3ms · שָׁאַג (H7580)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalשָׁאַג (H7580) 'roar'.
אַרְיֵה֙a lionN c · אַרְיֵה (H738)Construct chain (genitival)אַרְיֵה (H738) 'a lion'.
בַּיַּ֔עַרinto the forestprep + art + N com m sg abs · יַעַר (H3293)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יַעַר (H3293) 'into the forest'.
וְטֶ֖רֶףpreyconj וְ + N com m sg abs · טֶרֶף (H2964)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)טֶרֶף (H2964) 'prey'.
אֵ֣יןthere is notneg. · אַיִן (H369)Particle or relational elementאַיִן (H369) 'there is not'.
ל֑וֹto himprep + sfx 3msParticle or relational elementFunction word: 'to him'.
הֲיִתֵּ֨ןis givinginterrog. + Qal impf 3ms · נָתַן (H5414)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalנָתַן (H5414) 'is giving'.
כְּפִ֤ירyoung lionN c · כְּפִיר (H3715)Construct chain (genitival)כְּפִיר (H3715) 'young lion'.
קוֹלוֹ֙its soundN c · קוֹל (H6963)Construct chain (genitival)קוֹל (H6963) 'its sound'.
מִמְּעֹ֣נָת֔וֹa dwelling placeprep + N com c sg constr + sfx 3ms · מְעוֹנָה (H4585)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מְעוֹנָה (H4585) 'a dwelling place'.
בִּלְתִּ֖יexceptconj וְ · בִּלְתִּי (H1115)Particle or relational elementבִּלְתִּי (H1115) 'except'.
אִםifconj וְ · אִם (H518)Particle or relational elementאִם (H518) 'if'.
לָכָֽדhe capturedQal perf 3ms · לָכַד (H3920)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actלָכַד (H3920) 'he captured'.
5

הֲתִפֹּ֤ל צִפּוֹר֙ עַל פַּ֣ח הָאָ֔רֶץ וּמוֹקֵ֖שׁ אֵ֣ין לָ֑הּ הֲיַֽעֲלֶה פַּח֙ מִן הָ֣אֲדָמָ֔ה וְלָכ֖וֹד לֹ֥א יִלְכּֽוֹד

Can a bird fall in a snare upon the earth, where no gin for him? shall take up a snare from the earth, and have taken nothing at all?

Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'and he fell'.
Word-by-word analysis· 15 words
הֲתִפֹּ֤לand he fellinterrog. + Qal impf 3fs · נָפַל (H5307)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalנָפַל (H5307) 'and he fell'.
צִפּוֹר֙birdN c · צִפּוֹר (H6833)Construct chain (genitival)צִפּוֹר (H6833) 'bird'.
עַלonprep · עַל (H5921)Particle or relational elementעַל (H5921) 'on'.
פַּ֣חsheets ofN c · פַּח (H6341)Construct chain (genitival)פַּח (H6341) 'sheets of'.
הָאָ֔רֶץthe landart + N com c sg abs · אֶרֶץ (H776)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֶרֶץ (H776) 'the land'.
וּמוֹקֵ֖שׁa snareconj וְ + N com m sg abs · מוֹקֵשׁ (H4170)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מוֹקֵשׁ (H4170) 'a snare'.
אֵ֣יןthere is notneg. · אַיִן (H369)Particle or relational elementאַיִן (H369) 'there is not'.
לָ֑הּto herprep + sfx 3fsParticle or relational elementFunction word: 'to her'.
הֲיַֽעֲלֶהand he went upinterrog. + Qal impf 3ms · עָלָה (H5927)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalעָלָה (H5927) 'and he went up'.
פַּח֙sheets ofN c · פַּח (H6341)Construct chain (genitival)פַּח (H6341) 'sheets of'.
מִןfromprep · מִן (H4480)Particle or relational elementמִן (H4480) 'from'.
הָ֣אֲדָמָ֔הthe groundart + N com f sg abs · אֲדָמָה (H127)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֲדָמָה (H127) 'the ground'.
וְלָכ֖וֹדand was takenconj וְ + Qal inf abs · לָכַד (H3920)Infinitive absolute→ Infinitive absolute: emphasis or attendant actionלָכַד (H3920) 'and was taken'.
לֹ֥אnotneg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'not'.
יִלְכּֽוֹדand was takenQal impf 3ms · לָכַד (H3920)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalלָכַד (H3920) 'and was taken'.
6

אִם יִתָּקַ֤ע שׁוֹפָר֙ בְּעִ֔יר וְעָ֖ם לֹ֣א יֶחֱרָ֑דוּ אִם תִּהְיֶ֤ה רָעָה֙ בְּעִ֔יר וַיהוָ֖ה לֹ֥א עָשָֽׂה

Shall a trumpet be blown in the city, and the people not be afraid? shall there be evil in a city, and YHWH has not done ?

Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-orientedʼim
Conditional ʼim. Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'and ... trembled'.
Word-by-word analysis· 14 words
אִםifconj וְ · אִם (H518)Particle or relational elementאִם (H518) 'if'.
יִתָּקַ֤עand they blewN · תָּקַע (H8628)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)תָּקַע (H8628) 'and they blew'.
שׁוֹפָר֙the horn ofN c · שׁוֹפָר (H7782)Construct chain (genitival)שׁוֹפָר (H7782) 'the horn of'.
בְּעִ֔ירin the cityprep + N com f sg abs · עִיר (H5892)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עִיר (H5892) 'in the city'.
וְעָ֖םthe peopleconj וְ + N com m sg abs · עַם (H5971)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עַם (H5971) 'the people'.
לֹ֣אnotneg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'not'.
יֶחֱרָ֑דוּand ... trembledQal impf 3mp · חָרַד (H2729)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalחָרַד (H2729) 'and ... trembled'.
אִםifconj וְ · אִם (H518)Particle or relational elementאִם (H518) 'if'.
תִּהְיֶ֤הshall beQal impf 3fs · הָיָה (H1961)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalהָיָה (H1961) 'shall be'.
רָעָה֙evilN c · רַע (H7451)Construct chain (genitival)רַע (H7451) 'evil'.
בְּעִ֔ירin the cityprep + N com f sg abs · עִיר (H5892)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עִיר (H5892) 'in the city'.
וַיהוָ֖הand YHWHconj וְ + N proper · יְהוָה (H3068)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוָה (H3068) 'and YHWH'.
לֹ֥אnotneg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'not'.
עָשָֽׂהhe didQal perf 3ms · עָשָׂה (H6213)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actעָשָׂה (H6213) 'he did'.
7

כִּ֣י לֹ֧א יַעֲשֶׂ֛ה אֲדֹנָ֥י יְהוִ֖ה דָּבָ֑ר כִּ֚י אִם גָּלָ֣ה סוֹד֔וֹ אֶל עֲבָדָ֖יו הַנְּבִיאִֽים

Surely YHWH YHWH will do nothing, but he revealeth his secret to his servants the prophets.

Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented
kî-clause (causal, recitative, or evidential). Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'he shall do'.
Word-by-word analysis· 13 words
כִּ֣יforconj וְ · כִּי (H3588)Particle or relational elementכִּי (H3588) 'for'.
לֹ֧אnotneg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'not'.
יַעֲשֶׂ֛הhe shall doQal impf 3ms · עָשָׂה (H6213)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalעָשָׂה (H6213) 'he shall do'.
אֲדֹנָ֥יmy LordN c · אֲדֹנָי (H136)Construct chain (genitival)אֲדֹנָי (H136) 'my Lord'.
יְהוִ֖הYHWHN · יְהוִה (H3069)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוִה (H3069) 'YHWH'.
דָּבָ֑רthe matter ofN c · דָּבָר (H1697)Construct chain (genitival)דָּבָר (H1697) 'the matter of'.
כִּ֚יforconj וְ · כִּי (H3588)Particle or relational elementכִּי (H3588) 'for'.
אִםifconj וְ · אִם (H518)Particle or relational elementאִם (H518) 'if'.
גָּלָ֣הhe has uncoveredQal perf 3ms · גָּלָה (H1540)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actגָּלָה (H1540) 'he has uncovered'.
סוֹד֔וֹin their councilN c · סוֹד (H5475)Construct chain (genitival)סוֹד (H5475) 'in their council'.
אֶלtoprep · אֶל (H413)Particle or relational elementאֶל (H413) 'to'.
עֲבָדָ֖יוhis servantsN c · עֶבֶד (H5650)Construct chain (genitival)עֶבֶד (H5650) 'his servants'.
הַנְּבִיאִֽיםa prophetart + N com m pl abs · נָבִיא (H5030)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)נָבִיא (H5030) 'a prophet'.
8

אַרְיֵ֥ה שָׁאָ֖ג מִ֣י לֹ֣א יִירָ֑א אֲדֹנָ֤י יְהוִה֙ דִּבֶּ֔ר מִ֖י לֹ֥א יִנָּבֵֽא

The lion has roared, who will not fear? YHWH YHWH has spoken, who can but prophesy?

Qatal — perfective or stative predicationasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Qatal — perfective or stative predication. Lead predicate is 'roar'.
Word-by-word analysis· 11 words
אַרְיֵ֥הa lionN c · אַרְיֵה (H738)Construct chain (genitival)אַרְיֵה (H738) 'a lion'.
שָׁאָ֖גroarQal perf 3ms · שָׁאַג (H7580)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actשָׁאַג (H7580) 'roar'.
מִ֣יwhointerrog. · מִי (H4310)Particle or relational elementמִי (H4310) 'who'.
לֹ֣אnotneg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'not'.
יִירָ֑אfearQal impf 3ms · יָרֵא (H3372)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalיָרֵא (H3372) 'fear'.
אֲדֹנָ֤יmy LordN c · אֲדֹנָי (H136)Construct chain (genitival)אֲדֹנָי (H136) 'my Lord'.
יְהוִה֙YHWHN · יְהוִה (H3069)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוִה (H3069) 'YHWH'.
דִּבֶּ֔רspeakPiel perf 3ms · דִּבֶּר (H1696)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actדִּבֶּר (H1696) 'speak'.
מִ֖יwhointerrog. · מִי (H4310)Particle or relational elementמִי (H4310) 'who'.
לֹ֥אnotneg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'not'.
יִנָּבֵֽאand they prophesiedN · נָבָא (H5012)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)נָבָא (H5012) 'and they prophesied'.
9

הַשְׁמִ֨יעוּ֙ עַל אַרְמְנ֣וֹת בְּאַשְׁדּ֔וֹד וְעַֽל אַרְמְנ֖וֹת בְּאֶ֣רֶץ מִצְרָ֑יִם וְאִמְר֗וּ הֵאָֽסְפוּ֙ עַל הָרֵ֣י שֹׁמְר֔וֹן וּרְא֞וּ מְהוּמֹ֤ת רַבּוֹת֙ בְּתוֹכָ֔הּ וַעֲשׁוּקִ֖ים בְּקִרְבָּֽהּ

Publish in the palaces at Ashdod, and in the palaces in the land of Egypt, and say, Assemble yourselves upon the mountains of Samaria, and behold the great tumults in the midst thereof, and the oppressed in the midst thereof.

Imperative — volitional address
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Imperative — volitional address. Lead predicate is 'and he heard'.
Word-by-word analysis· 19 words
הַשְׁמִ֨יעוּ֙and he heardHiphil impv 2mp · שָׁמַע (H8085)Predicate verb (imperative)→ Volitional: imperativeשָׁמַע (H8085) 'and he heard'.
עַלonprep · עַל (H5921)Particle or relational elementעַל (H5921) 'on'.
אַרְמְנ֣וֹתcastleN c · אַרְמוֹן (H759)Construct chain (genitival)אַרְמוֹן (H759) 'castle'.
בְּאַשְׁדּ֔וֹדAshdodprep + N proper · אַשְׁדּוֹד (H795)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אַשְׁדּוֹד (H795) 'Ashdod'.
וְעַֽלand onconj וְ + prep · עַל (H5921)Particle or relational elementעַל (H5921) 'and on'.
אַרְמְנ֖וֹתcastleN c · אַרְמוֹן (H759)Construct chain (genitival)אַרְמוֹן (H759) 'castle'.
בְּאֶ֣רֶץin the land ofprep + N com c sg constr · אֶרֶץ (H776)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֶרֶץ (H776) 'in the land of'.
מִצְרָ֑יִםEgyptN · מִצְרַיִם (H4714)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מִצְרַיִם (H4714) 'Egypt'.
וְאִמְר֗וּand they will sayconj וְ + Qal impv 2mp · אָמַר (H559)Predicate verb (imperative)→ Volitional: imperativeאָמַר (H559) 'and they will say'.
הֵאָֽסְפוּ֙gather yourselvesN · אָסַף (H622)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אָסַף (H622) 'gather yourselves'.
עַלonprep · עַל (H5921)Particle or relational elementעַל (H5921) 'on'.
הָרֵ֣יthe mountains ofN c · הַר (H2022)Construct chain (genitival)הַר (H2022) 'the mountains of'.
שֹׁמְר֔וֹןSamariaN · שֹׁמְרוֹן (H8111)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שֹׁמְרוֹן (H8111) 'Samaria'.
וּרְא֞וּand they will seeconj וְ + Qal impv 2mp · רָאָה (H7200)Predicate verb (imperative)→ Volitional: imperativeרָאָה (H7200) 'and they will see'.
מְהוּמֹ֤תthe confusionN c · מְהוּמָה (H4103)Construct chain (genitival)מְהוּמָה (H4103) 'the confusion'.
רַבּוֹת֙manyAdj · רַב (H7227)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)רַב (H7227) 'many'.
בְּתוֹכָ֔הּin its midstprep + N com m sg constr + sfx 3fs · תָּוֶךְ (H8432)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)תָּוֶךְ (H8432) 'in its midst'.
וַעֲשׁוּקִ֖יםandconj וְ + N com m pl abs · עָשׁוּק (H6217)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עָשׁוּק (H6217) 'and'.
בְּקִרְבָּֽהּwithin herselfprep + N com m sg constr + sfx 3fs · קֶרֶב (H7130)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)קֶרֶב (H7130) 'within herself'.
10

וְלֹֽא יָדְע֥וּ עֲשׂוֹת נְכֹחָ֖ה נְאֻם יְהוָ֑ה הָאֽוֹצְרִ֛ים חָמָ֥ס וָשֹׁ֖ד בְּאַרְמְנֽוֹתֵיהֶֽם

For they know not to do right, says YHWH, who store up violence and robbery in their palaces.

Qatal — perfective or stative predication
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Qatal — perfective or stative predication. Lead predicate is 'have known'.
Word-by-word analysis· 10 words
וְלֹֽאand notconj וְ + neg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'and not'.
יָדְע֥וּhave knownQal perf 3cp · יָדַע (H3045)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actיָדַע (H3045) 'have known'.
עֲשׂוֹתto doQal inf constr · עָשָׂה (H6213)Infinitive construct→ Infinitive construct: purpose, result, or complementעָשָׂה (H6213) 'to do'.
נְכֹחָ֖הequityAdj · נְכֹחָה (H5229)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)נְכֹחָה (H5229) 'equity'.
נְאֻםutterance ofN c · נְאֻם (H5002)Construct chain (genitival)נְאֻם (H5002) 'utterance of'.
יְהוָ֑הYHWHN · יְהוָה (H3068)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוָה (H3068) 'YHWH'.
הָאֽוֹצְרִ֛ים(lay up in) storeart + Qal ptc mp · אָצַר (H686)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorאָצַר (H686) '(lay up in) store'.
חָמָ֥סviolenceN c · חָמָס (H2555)Construct chain (genitival)חָמָס (H2555) 'violence'.
וָשֹׁ֖דdesolationconj וְ + N com m sg abs · שֹׁד (H7701)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שֹׁד (H7701) 'desolation'.
בְּאַרְמְנֽוֹתֵיהֶֽםcastleprep + N com m pl constr + sfx 3mp · אַרְמוֹן (H759)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אַרְמוֹן (H759) 'castle'.
11

לָכֵ֗ן כֹּ֤ה אָמַר֙ אֲדֹנָ֣י יְהוִ֔ה צַ֖ר וּסְבִ֣יב הָאָ֑רֶץ וְהוֹרִ֤ד מִמֵּךְ֙ עֻזֵּ֔ךְ וְנָבֹ֖זּוּ אַרְמְנוֹתָֽיִךְ

Therefore thus says YHWH YHWH; An adversary even round about the land; and he shall bring down your strength from you, and your palaces shall be spoiled.

Qatal — perfective or stative predicationasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Qatal — perfective or stative predication. Lead predicate is 'he said'. Speech formula or quoted address.
Word-by-word analysis· 13 words
לָכֵ֗ןthereforeprep + art · כֵּן (H3651)Particle or relational elementכֵּן (H3651) 'therefore'.
כֹּ֤הthusart · כֹּה (H3541)Particle or relational elementכֹּה (H3541) 'thus'.
אָמַר֙he saidQal perf 3ms · אָמַר (H559)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actאָמַר (H559) 'he said'.
אֲדֹנָ֣יmy LordN c · אֲדֹנָי (H136)Construct chain (genitival)אֲדֹנָי (H136) 'my Lord'.
יְהוִ֔הYHWHN · יְהוִה (H3069)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוִה (H3069) 'YHWH'.
צַ֖רnarrowN c · צַר (H6862)Construct chain (genitival)צַר (H6862) 'narrow'.
וּסְבִ֣יבand aroundconj וְ + N com c sg constr · סָבִיב (H5439)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)סָבִיב (H5439) 'and around'.
הָאָ֑רֶץthe landart + N com c sg abs · אֶרֶץ (H776)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֶרֶץ (H776) 'the land'.
וְהוֹרִ֤דwas taken downconj וְ + Hiphil q 3ms · יָרַד (H3381)Particle or relational elementיָרַד (H3381) 'was taken down'.
מִמֵּךְ֙from youprep + sfx 2fs · מִן (H4480)Particle or relational elementמִן (H4480) 'from you'.
עֻזֵּ֔ךְstrengthN c · עֹז (H5797)Construct chain (genitival)עֹז (H5797) 'strength'.
וְנָבֹ֖זּוּthey plunderedconj וְ + Niphal q 3cp · בָּזַז (H962)Particle or relational elementבָּזַז (H962) 'they plundered'.
אַרְמְנוֹתָֽיִךְcastleN c · אַרְמוֹן (H759)Construct chain (genitival)אַרְמוֹן (H759) 'castle'.
12

כֹּה֮ אָמַ֣ר יְהוָה֒ כַּאֲשֶׁר֩ יַצִּ֨יל הָרֹעֶ֜ה מִפִּ֧י הָאֲרִ֛י שְׁתֵּ֥י כְרָעַ֖יִם א֣וֹ בְדַל אֹ֑זֶן כֵּ֣ן יִנָּצְל֞וּ בְּנֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֗ל הַיֹּֽשְׁבִים֙ בְּשֹׁ֣מְר֔וֹן בִּפְאַ֥ת מִטָּ֖ה וּבִדְמֶ֥שֶׁק עָֽרֶשׂ

Thus says YHWH; As the shepherd taketh out of the mouth of the lion two legs, or a piece of an ear; so shall the children of Israel be taken out that dwell in Samaria in the corner of a bed, and in Damascus a couch.

Qatal — perfective or stative predicationasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Qatal — perfective or stative predication. Lead predicate is 'he said'. Speech formula or quoted address.
Word-by-word analysis· 23 words
כֹּה֮thusart · כֹּה (H3541)Particle or relational elementכֹּה (H3541) 'thus'.
אָמַ֣רhe saidQal perf 3ms · אָמַר (H559)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actאָמַר (H559) 'he said'.
יְהוָה֒YHWHN · יְהוָה (H3068)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוָה (H3068) 'YHWH'.
כַּאֲשֶׁר֩just asprep + rel. שֶׁ · אֲשֶׁר (H834)Particle or relational elementאֲשֶׁר (H834) 'just as'.
יַצִּ֨ילhas deliveredHiphil impf 3ms · נָצַל (H5337)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalנָצַל (H5337) 'has delivered'.
הָרֹעֶ֜הwho shepherds meart + Qal ptc ms · רָעָה (H7462)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorרָעָה (H7462) 'who shepherds me'.
מִפִּ֧יfrom the mouth ofprep + N com m sg constr · פֶּה (H6310)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)פֶּה (H6310) 'from the mouth of'.
הָאֲרִ֛יa lionart + N com m sg abs · אַרְיֵה (H738)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אַרְיֵה (H738) 'a lion'.
שְׁתֵּ֥יtwoAdj · שְׁנַיִם (H8147)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שְׁנַיִם (H8147) 'two'.
כְרָעַ֖יִםjointed legsN c · כְּרָעַיִם (H3767)Construct chain (genitival)כְּרָעַיִם (H3767) 'jointed legs'.
א֣וֹorconj וְ · אוֹ (H176)Particle or relational elementאוֹ (H176) 'or'.
בְדַלpieceN c · בָּדָל (H915)Construct chain (genitival)בָּדָל (H915) 'piece'.
אֹ֑זֶןthe ear ofN c · אֹזֶן (H241)Construct chain (genitival)אֹזֶן (H241) 'the ear of'.
כֵּ֣ןsoadv. · כֵּן (H3651)Particle or relational elementכֵּן (H3651) 'so'.
יִנָּצְל֞וּhas deliveredN · נָצַל (H5337)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)נָצַל (H5337) 'has delivered'.
בְּנֵ֣יthe sons ofN c · בֵּן (H1121)Construct chain (genitival)בֵּן (H1121) 'the sons of'.
יִשְׂרָאֵ֗לIsraelN · יִשְׂרָאֵל (H3478)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יִשְׂרָאֵל (H3478) 'Israel'.
הַיֹּֽשְׁבִים֙who dwellart + Qal ptc mp · יָשַׁב (H3427)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorיָשַׁב (H3427) 'who dwell'.
בְּשֹׁ֣מְר֔וֹןinprep + N proper · שֹׁמְרוֹן (H8111)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שֹׁמְרוֹן (H8111) 'in'.
בִּפְאַ֥תthe side ofprep + N com f sg constr · פֵּאָה (H6285)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)פֵּאָה (H6285) 'the side of'.
מִטָּ֖הthe bedN c · מִטָּה (H4296)Construct chain (genitival)מִטָּה (H4296) 'the bed'.
וּבִדְמֶ֥שֶׁקandconj וְ + prep + N proper · דְּמֶשֶׁק (H1833)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)דְּמֶשֶׁק (H1833) 'and'.
עָֽרֶשׂa bed ofN c · עֶרֶשׂ (H6210)Construct chain (genitival)עֶרֶשׂ (H6210) 'a bed of'.
13

שִׁמְע֥וּ וְהָעִ֖ידוּ בְּבֵ֣ית יַֽעֲקֹ֑ב נְאֻם אֲדֹנָ֥י יְהוִ֖ה אֱלֹהֵ֥י הַצְּבָאֽוֹת

Hear you, and testify in the house of Jacob, says YHWH YHWH, the God of hosts,

Imperative — volitional addressasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Imperative — volitional address. Lead predicate is 'his hearing'.
Word-by-word analysis· 9 words
שִׁמְע֥וּhis hearingQal impv 2mp · שָׁמַע (H8085)Predicate verb (imperative)→ Volitional: imperativeשָׁמַע (H8085) 'his hearing'.
וְהָעִ֖ידוּI call to witnessconj וְ + Hiphil impv 2mp · עוּד (H5749)Predicate verb (imperative)→ Volitional: imperativeעוּד (H5749) 'I call to witness'.
בְּבֵ֣יתin the houseprep + N com m sg constr · בַּיִת (H1004)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)בַּיִת (H1004) 'in the house'.
יַֽעֲקֹ֑בJacobN · יַעֲקֹב (H3290)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יַעֲקֹב (H3290) 'Jacob'.
נְאֻםutterance ofN c · נְאֻם (H5002)Construct chain (genitival)נְאֻם (H5002) 'utterance of'.
אֲדֹנָ֥יmy LordN c · אֲדֹנָי (H136)Construct chain (genitival)אֲדֹנָי (H136) 'my Lord'.
יְהוִ֖הYHWHN · יְהוִה (H3069)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוִה (H3069) 'YHWH'.
אֱלֹהֵ֥יthe God ofN c · אֱלֹהִים (H430)Construct chain (genitival)אֱלֹהִים (H430) 'the God of'.
הַצְּבָאֽוֹתof troopsart + N com c pl abs · צָבָא (H6635)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)צָבָא (H6635) 'of troops'.
14

כִּ֗י בְּי֛וֹם פָּקְדִ֥י פִשְׁעֵֽי יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל עָלָ֑יו וּפָֽקַדְתִּי֙ עַל מִזְבְּח֣וֹת בֵּֽית אֵ֔ל וְנִגְדְּעוּ֙ קַרְנ֣וֹת הַמִּזְבֵּ֔חַ וְנָפְל֖וּ לָאָֽרֶץ

That in the day that I shall visit the transgressions of Israel upon him I will also visit the altars of Bethel: and the horns of the altar shall be cut off, and fall to the ground.

Infinitive construct — purpose, result, or complement
kî-clause (causal, recitative, or evidential). Infinitive construct — purpose, result, or complement. Lead predicate is 'their mustered (men)'.
Word-by-word analysis· 16 words
כִּ֗יforconj וְ · כִּי (H3588)Particle or relational elementכִּי (H3588) 'for'.
בְּי֛וֹםon the dayprep + N com m sg constr · יוֹם (H3117)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יוֹם (H3117) 'on the day'.
פָּקְדִ֥יtheir mustered (men)Qal inf constr + sfx 1cs · פָּקַד (H6485)Infinitive construct→ Infinitive construct: purpose, result, or complementפָּקַד (H6485) 'their mustered (men)'.
פִשְׁעֵֽיmy transgressionN c · פֶשַע (H6588)Construct chain (genitival)פֶשַע (H6588) 'my transgression'.
יִשְׂרָאֵ֖לIsraelN · יִשְׂרָאֵל (H3478)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יִשְׂרָאֵל (H3478) 'Israel'.
עָלָ֑יוon itprep + sfx 3ms · עַל (H5921)Particle or relational elementעַל (H5921) 'on it'.
וּפָֽקַדְתִּי֙their mustered (men)conj וְ + Qal q 1cs · פָּקַד (H6485)Particle or relational elementפָּקַד (H6485) 'their mustered (men)'.
עַלonprep · עַל (H5921)Particle or relational elementעַל (H5921) 'on'.
מִזְבְּח֣וֹתthe altarN c · מִזְבֵּחַ (H4196)Construct chain (genitival)מִזְבֵּחַ (H4196) 'the altar'.
בֵּֽיתBethelN · בֵּית-אֵל (H1008)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)בֵּית-אֵל (H1008) 'Bethel'.
אֵ֔ל-elN · בֵּית-אֵל (H1008)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)בֵּית-אֵל (H1008) '-el'.
וְנִגְדְּעוּ֙you shall hew downconj וְ + Niphal q 3cp · גָּדַע (H1438)Particle or relational elementגָּדַע (H1438) 'you shall hew down'.
קַרְנ֣וֹתthe horns ofN c · קֶרֶן (H7161)Construct chain (genitival)קֶרֶן (H7161) 'the horns of'.
הַמִּזְבֵּ֔חַthe altarart + N com m sg abs · מִזְבֵּחַ (H4196)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מִזְבֵּחַ (H4196) 'the altar'.
וְנָפְל֖וּand they shall fallconj וְ + Qal q 3cp · נָפַל (H5307)Particle or relational elementנָפַל (H5307) 'and they shall fall'.
לָאָֽרֶץfor the landprep + art + N com c sg abs · אֶרֶץ (H776)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֶרֶץ (H776) 'for the land'.
15

וְהִכֵּיתִ֥י בֵית הַחֹ֖רֶף עַל בֵּ֣ית הַקָּ֑יִץ וְאָבְד֞וּ בָּתֵּ֣י הַשֵּׁ֗ן וְסָפ֛וּ בָּתִּ֥ים רַבִּ֖ים נְאֻם יְהוָֽה

And I will smite the winter house with the summer house; and the houses of ivory shall perish, and the great houses shall have an end, says YHWH.

Linked non-verbal clause
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Linked non-verbal clause. Closes the chapter.
Word-by-word analysis· 14 words
וְהִכֵּיתִ֥יand I will strikeconj וְ + Hiphil q 1cs · הִכָּה (H5221)Particle or relational elementהִכָּה (H5221) 'and I will strike'.
בֵיתthe house ofN c · בַּיִת (H1004)Construct chain (genitival)בַּיִת (H1004) 'the house of'.
הַחֹ֖רֶףand winterart + N com m sg abs · חֹרֶף (H2779)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)חֹרֶף (H2779) 'and winter'.
עַלonprep · עַל (H5921)Particle or relational elementעַל (H5921) 'on'.
בֵּ֣יתthe house ofN c · בַּיִת (H1004)Construct chain (genitival)בַּיִת (H1004) 'the house of'.
הַקָּ֑יִץand summerart + N com m sg abs · קַיִץ (H7019)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)קַיִץ (H7019) 'and summer'.
וְאָבְד֞וּyour perishingconj וְ + Qal q 3cp · אָבַד (H6)Particle or relational elementאָבַד (H6) 'your perishing'.
בָּתֵּ֣יthe houses ofN c · בַּיִת (H1004)Construct chain (genitival)בַּיִת (H1004) 'the houses of'.
הַשֵּׁ֗ןtoothart + N com c sg abs · שֵׁן (H8127)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שֵׁן (H8127) 'tooth'.
וְסָפ֛וּconsumeconj וְ + Qal q 3cp · סוּף (H5486)Particle or relational elementסוּף (H5486) 'consume'.
בָּתִּ֥יםholdersN c · בַּיִת (H1004)Construct chain (genitival)בַּיִת (H1004) 'holders'.
רַבִּ֖יםmanyAdj · רַב (H7227)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)רַב (H7227) 'many'.
נְאֻםutterance ofN c · נְאֻם (H5002)Construct chain (genitival)נְאֻם (H5002) 'utterance of'.
יְהוָֽהYHWHN · יְהוָה (H3068)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוָה (H3068) 'YHWH'.