Hebrew Text · Translation · Interlinear · Discourse Structure

The Second Book of Samuel, Chapter 23שמואל ב 23

Each verse opens with the running Hebrew, an English translation, and a discourse note (its connective, relation, and role in the argument). Below follows the word-by-word breakdown in six tiers: gloss, case/state or parsing, syntax, semantic force, and a lexical note.

Case Nominative Genitive Dative Accusative Vocative Verb (no case) Indeclinable

Discourse notes head each verse: relation · connective · clause-flow. Indentation marks prominence — flush-left = main line of argument; indented = supporting / subordinate material.

Theme

2 Samuel 23 (39 verses in the MT) opens: Now these the last words of David. David the son of Jesse said, and the man raised up on high, the anointed of the God of Jacob, and the sweet psalmist of Israel, said, The middle of the chapter continues: And Benaiah the son of Jehoiada, the son of a valiant man, of Kabzeel, who had done many acts, he slew two lionlike men of Moab: he went down also and slew a lion in the midst of a pit in time of snow: It closes: Uriah the Hittite: thirty and seven in all.

Translation & textual notes

The Hebrew base text here follows the Masoretic Text in the Leningrad tradition as represented by the Westminster Leningrad Codex / MorphHB diplomatic stream imported from OSHB; distinctively copyrighted apparatus from BHS or BHQ is not reproduced. 2 Samuel 23 comprises 39 verses in MT order. Movement I (vv. 1-8) — Now these the last words of David. Now these the last words of David. David the son of Jesse said, and the man raised up on high, the anointed of the God of Jacob, and the sweet psalmist of Israel, said, The Spirit of YHWH spake by me, and his word in my tongue. The God of Israel said, the Rock of Israel spake to me, He that ruleth over men just, ruling in the fear of God. And as the light. Movement II (vv. 9-16) — And after him Eleazar the son of Dodo the Ahohite, of the three mighty m. And after him Eleazar the son of Dodo the Ahohite, of the three mighty men with David, when they defied the Philistines were there gathered together to battle, and the men of Israel were gone away: He arose, and smote the Philistines until his hand was weary, and his hand clave to the sword: and YHWH wrought a great victory that day; and the people returned. Movement III (vv. 17-24) — And he said, Be it far from me, O YHWH, that I should do this: the blood. And he said, Be it far from me, O YHWH, that I should do this: the blood of the men that went in jeopardy of their lives? therefore he would not drink it. These things did these three mighty men. And Abishai, the brother of Joab, the son of Zeruiah, was chief among three. And he lifted up his spear against three hundred, slew , and had the name among three.. Movement IV (vv. 25-32) — Shammah the Harodite, Elika the Harodite. Shammah the Harodite, Elika the Harodite, Helez the Paltite, Ira the son of Ikkesh the Tekoite, Abiezer the Anethothite, Mebunnai the Hushathite, Zalmon the Ahohite, Maharai the Netophathite, Heleb the son of Baanah, a Netophathite, Ittai the son of Ribai out of Gibeah of the children of Benjamin, Benaiah the Pirathonite, Hiddai of the brooks of Gaash,. Movement V (vv. 33-39) — Shammah the Hararite, Ahiam the son of Sharar the Hararite. Shammah the Hararite, Ahiam the son of Sharar the Hararite, Eliphelet the son of Ahasbai, the son of the Maachathite, Eliam the son of Ahithophel the Gilonite, Hezrai the Carmelite, Paarai the Arbite, Igal the son of Nathan of Zobah, Bani the Gadite, Zelek the Ammonite, Naharai the Beerothite, armourbearer to Joab the son of Zeruiah, Ira an Ithrite, Gareb. Where English printed Bibles divide verses differently, this annotation follows MT versification throughout.

1

וְאֵ֛לֶּה דִּבְרֵ֥י דָוִ֖ד הָאַֽחֲרֹנִ֑ים נְאֻ֧ם דָּוִ֣ד בֶּן יִשַׁ֗י וּנְאֻ֤ם הַגֶּ֨בֶר֙ הֻ֣קַם עָ֔ל מְשִׁ֨יחַ֙ אֱלֹהֵ֣י יַֽעֲקֹ֔ב וּנְעִ֖ים זְמִר֥וֹת יִשְׂרָאֵֽל

Now these the last words of David. David the son of Jesse said, and the man raised up on high, the anointed of the God of Jacob, and the sweet psalmist of Israel, said,

Qatal — perfective or stative predication
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Qatal — perfective or stative predication. Lead predicate is 'surely'. Opens the chapter.
Word-by-word analysis· 18 words
וְאֵ֛לֶּהand theseconj וְ + dem. pron xcp · אֵלֶּה (H428)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֵלֶּה (H428) 'and these'.
דִּבְרֵ֥יthe words ofN c · דָּבָר (H1697)Construct chain (genitival)דָּבָר (H1697) 'the words of'.
דָוִ֖דDavidN · דָּוִד (H1732)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)דָּוִד (H1732) 'David'.
הָאַֽחֲרֹנִ֑יםafterwardart + Adj · אַחֲרוֹן (H314)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אַחֲרוֹן (H314) 'afterward'.
נְאֻ֧םutterance ofN c · נְאֻם (H5002)Construct chain (genitival)נְאֻם (H5002) 'utterance of'.
דָּוִ֣דDavidN · דָּוִד (H1732)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)דָּוִד (H1732) 'David'.
בֶּןson ofN c · בֵּן (H1121)Construct chain (genitival)בֵּן (H1121) 'son of'.
יִשַׁ֗יJesseN · יִשַׁי (H3448)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יִשַׁי (H3448) 'Jesse'.
וּנְאֻ֤םand the utterance ofconj וְ + N com m sg constr · נְאֻם (H5002)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)נְאֻם (H5002) 'and the utterance of'.
הַגֶּ֨בֶר֙the manart + N com m sg abs · גֶּבֶר (H1397)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)גֶּבֶר (H1397) 'the man'.
הֻ֣קַםsurelyHophal perf 3ms · קוּם (H6965)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actקוּם (H6965) 'surely'.
עָ֔לaboveN c · עַל (H5920)Construct chain (genitival)עַל (H5920) 'above'.
מְשִׁ֨יחַ֙the anointedN c · מָשִׁיחַ (H4899)Construct chain (genitival)מָשִׁיחַ (H4899) 'the anointed'.
אֱלֹהֵ֣יthe God ofN c · אֱלֹהִים (H430)Construct chain (genitival)אֱלֹהִים (H430) 'the God of'.
יַֽעֲקֹ֔בJacobN · יַעֲקֹב (H3290)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יַעֲקֹב (H3290) 'Jacob'.
וּנְעִ֖יםandconj וְ + Adj · נָעִים (H5273)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)נָעִים (H5273) 'and'.
זְמִר֥וֹתpsalmN c · זָמִיר (H2158)Construct chain (genitival)זָמִיר (H2158) 'psalm'.
יִשְׂרָאֵֽלIsraelN · יִשְׂרָאֵל (H3478)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יִשְׂרָאֵל (H3478) 'Israel'.
2

ר֥וּחַ יְהוָ֖ה דִּבֶּר בִּ֑י וּמִלָּת֖וֹ עַל לְשׁוֹנִֽי

The Spirit of YHWH spake by me, and his word in my tongue.

Qatal — perfective or stative predicationasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Qatal — perfective or stative predication. Lead predicate is 'speak'.
Word-by-word analysis· 7 words
ר֥וּחַa spirit ofN c · רוּחַ (H7307)Construct chain (genitival)רוּחַ (H7307) 'a spirit of'.
יְהוָ֖הYHWHN · יְהוָה (H3068)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוָה (H3068) 'YHWH'.
דִּבֶּרspeakPiel perf 3ms · דִּבֶּר (H1696)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actדִּבֶּר (H1696) 'speak'.
בִּ֑יagainst meprep + sfx 1csParticle or relational elementFunction word: 'against me'.
וּמִלָּת֖וֹwith wordsconj וְ + N com f sg constr + sfx 3ms · מִלָּה (H4405)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מִלָּה (H4405) 'with words'.
עַלonprep · עַל (H5921)Particle or relational elementעַל (H5921) 'on'.
לְשׁוֹנִֽיby their languagesN c · לָשׁוֹן (H3956)Construct chain (genitival)לָשׁוֹן (H3956) 'by their languages'.
3

אָמַר֙ אֱלֹהֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל לִ֥י דִבֶּ֖ר צ֣וּר יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל מוֹשֵׁל֙ בָּאָדָ֔ם צַדִּ֕יק מוֹשֵׁ֖ל יִרְאַ֥ת אֱלֹהִֽים

The God of Israel said, the Rock of Israel spake to me, He that ruleth over men just, ruling in the fear of God.

Qatal — perfective or stative predicationasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Qatal — perfective or stative predication. Lead predicate is 'he said'. Speech formula or quoted address.
Word-by-word analysis· 13 words
אָמַר֙he saidQal perf 3ms · אָמַר (H559)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actאָמַר (H559) 'he said'.
אֱלֹהֵ֣יthe God ofN c · אֱלֹהִים (H430)Construct chain (genitival)אֱלֹהִים (H430) 'the God of'.
יִשְׂרָאֵ֔לIsraelN · יִשְׂרָאֵל (H3478)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יִשְׂרָאֵל (H3478) 'Israel'.
לִ֥יto meprep + sfx 1csParticle or relational elementFunction word: 'to me'.
דִבֶּ֖רspeakPiel perf 3ms · דִּבֶּר (H1696)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actדִּבֶּר (H1696) 'speak'.
צ֣וּרrockN c · צוּר (H6697)Construct chain (genitival)צוּר (H6697) 'rock'.
יִשְׂרָאֵ֑לIsraelN · יִשְׂרָאֵל (H3478)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יִשְׂרָאֵל (H3478) 'Israel'.
מוֹשֵׁל֙rulingQal ptc ms · מָשַׁל (H4910)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorמָשַׁל (H4910) 'ruling'.
בָּאָדָ֔םon manprep + art + N com m sg abs · אָדָם (H120)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אָדָם (H120) 'on man'.
צַדִּ֕יקrighteousAdj · צַדִּיק (H6662)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)צַדִּיק (H6662) 'righteous'.
מוֹשֵׁ֖לrulingQal ptc ms · מָשַׁל (H4910)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorמָשַׁל (H4910) 'ruling'.
יִרְאַ֥תfear ofN c · יִרְאָה (H3374)Construct chain (genitival)יִרְאָה (H3374) 'fear of'.
אֱלֹהִֽיםGodN c · אֱלֹהִים (H430)Construct chain (genitival)אֱלֹהִים (H430) 'God'.
4

וּכְא֥וֹר בֹּ֖קֶר יִזְרַח שָׁ֑מֶשׁ בֹּ֚קֶר לֹ֣א עָב֔וֹת מִנֹּ֥גַהּ מִמָּטָ֖ר דֶּ֥שֶׁא מֵאָֽרֶץ

And as the light of the morning, the sun riseth, a morning without clouds; the tender grass out of the earth by clear shining after rain.

Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'and he dawned'.
Word-by-word analysis· 11 words
וּכְא֥וֹרlightconj וְ + prep + N com c sg constr · אוֹר (H216)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אוֹר (H216) 'light'.
בֹּ֖קֶרmorningN c · בֹּקֶר (H1242)Construct chain (genitival)בֹּקֶר (H1242) 'morning'.
יִזְרַחand he dawnedQal impf 3ms · זָרַח (H2224)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalזָרַח (H2224) 'and he dawned'.
שָׁ֑מֶשׁsunN c · שֶׁמֶשׁ (H8121)Construct chain (genitival)שֶׁמֶשׁ (H8121) 'sun'.
בֹּ֚קֶרmorningN c · בֹּקֶר (H1242)Construct chain (genitival)בֹּקֶר (H1242) 'morning'.
לֹ֣אnotneg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'not'.
עָב֔וֹתin the thickness ofN c · עָב (H5645)Construct chain (genitival)עָב (H5645) 'in the thickness of'.
מִנֹּ֥גַהּfromprep + N com f sg abs · נֹגַהּ (H5051)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)נֹגַהּ (H5051) 'from'.
מִמָּטָ֖רand rainprep + N com m sg abs · מָטָר (H4306)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מָטָר (H4306) 'and rain'.
דֶּ֥שֶׁאvegetationN c · דֶּשֶׁא (H1877)Construct chain (genitival)דֶּשֶׁא (H1877) 'vegetation'.
מֵאָֽרֶץfrom the land ofprep + N com c sg abs · אֶרֶץ (H776)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֶרֶץ (H776) 'from the land of'.
5

כִּֽי לֹא כֵ֥ן בֵּיתִ֖י עִם אֵ֑ל כִּי֩ בְרִ֨ית עוֹלָ֜ם שָׂ֣ם לִ֗י עֲרוּכָ֤ה בַכֹּל֙ וּשְׁמֻרָ֔ה כִּֽי כָל יִשְׁעִ֥י וְכָל חֵ֖פֶץ כִּֽי לֹ֥א יַצְמִֽיחַ

Although my house not so with God; yet he has made with me an everlasting covenant, ordered in all , and sure: for all my salvation, and all desire, although he make not to grow.

Qatal — perfective or stative predication
kî-clause (causal, recitative, or evidential). Qatal — perfective or stative predication. Lead predicate is 'set'.
Word-by-word analysis· 22 words
כִּֽיforconj וְ · כִּי (H3588)Particle or relational elementכִּי (H3588) 'for'.
לֹאnotneg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'not'.
כֵ֥ןsoart · כֵּן (H3651)Particle or relational elementכֵּן (H3651) 'so'.
בֵּיתִ֖יmy houseN c · בַּיִת (H1004)Construct chain (genitival)בַּיִת (H1004) 'my house'.
עִםwithprep · עִם (H5973)Particle or relational elementעִם (H5973) 'with'.
אֵ֑לGodN c · אֵל (H410)Construct chain (genitival)אֵל (H410) 'God'.
כִּי֩forconj וְ · כִּי (H3588)Particle or relational elementכִּי (H3588) 'for'.
בְרִ֨יתthe covenant ofN c · בְּרִית (H1285)Construct chain (genitival)בְּרִית (H1285) 'the covenant of'.
עוֹלָ֜םperpetuityN c · עוֹלָם (H5769)Construct chain (genitival)עוֹלָם (H5769) 'perpetuity'.
שָׂ֣םsetQal perf 3ms · שִׂים (H7760)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actשִׂים (H7760) 'set'.
לִ֗יto meprep + sfx 1csParticle or relational elementFunction word: 'to me'.
עֲרוּכָ֤הand they drew upQal ptc fs · עָרַךְ (H6186)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorעָרַךְ (H6186) 'and they drew up'.
בַכֹּל֙in allprep + art + N com m sg abs · כֹּל (H3605)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)כֹּל (H3605) 'in all'.
וּשְׁמֻרָ֔הand you shall keepconj וְ + Qal ptc fs · שָׁמַר (H8104)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorשָׁמַר (H8104) 'and you shall keep'.
כִּֽיforconj וְ · כִּי (H3588)Particle or relational elementכִּי (H3588) 'for'.
כָלallN c · כֹּל (H3605)Construct chain (genitival)כֹּל (H3605) 'all'.
יִשְׁעִ֥יsafetyN c · יֶשַׁע (H3468)Construct chain (genitival)יֶשַׁע (H3468) 'safety'.
וְכָלand allconj וְ + N com m sg constr · כֹּל (H3605)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)כֹּל (H3605) 'and all'.
חֵ֖פֶץacceptableN c · חֵפֶץ (H2656)Construct chain (genitival)חֵפֶץ (H2656) 'acceptable'.
כִּֽיforconj וְ · כִּי (H3588)Particle or relational elementכִּי (H3588) 'for'.
לֹ֥אnotneg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'not'.
יַצְמִֽיחַsproutingHiphil impf 3ms · צָמַח (H6779)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalצָמַח (H6779) 'sprouting'.
6

וּבְלִיַּ֕עַל כְּק֥וֹץ מֻנָ֖ד כֻּלָּ֑הַם כִּֽי לֹ֥א בְיָ֖ד יִקָּֽחוּ

But of Belial all of them as thorns thrust away, because they cannot be taken with hands:

Participle — attendant circumstance or substantival actor
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Participle — attendant circumstance or substantival actor. Lead predicate is 'and fled'.
Word-by-word analysis· 8 words
וּבְלִיַּ֕עַלworthlessnessconj וְ + N com m sg abs · בְּלִיַּעַל (H1100)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)בְּלִיַּעַל (H1100) 'worthlessness'.
כְּק֥וֹץthornbushesprep + N com m sg abs · קוֹץ (H6975)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)קוֹץ (H6975) 'thornbushes'.
מֻנָ֖דand fledHophal ptc ms · נָדַד (H5074)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorנָדַד (H5074) 'and fled'.
כֻּלָּ֑הַםallN c · כֹּל (H3605)Construct chain (genitival)כֹּל (H3605) 'all'.
כִּֽיforconj וְ · כִּי (H3588)Particle or relational elementכִּי (H3588) 'for'.
לֹ֥אnotneg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'not'.
בְיָ֖דby the hand ofprep + N com c sg abs · יָד (H3027)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יָד (H3027) 'by the hand of'.
יִקָּֽחוּthey shall take (marry)N · לָקַח (H3947)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)לָקַח (H3947) 'they shall take (marry)'.
7

וְאִישׁ֙ יִגַּ֣ע בָּהֶ֔ם יִמָּלֵ֥א בַרְזֶ֖ל וְעֵ֣ץ חֲנִ֑ית וּבָאֵ֕שׁ שָׂר֥וֹף יִשָּׂרְפ֖וּ בַּשָּֽׁבֶת

But the man shall touch them must be fenced with iron and the staff of a spear; and they shall be utterly burned with fire in the place.

Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'touches'.
Word-by-word analysis· 11 words
וְאִישׁ֙and a manconj וְ + N com m sg abs · אִישׁ (H376)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אִישׁ (H376) 'and a man'.
יִגַּ֣עtouchesQal impf 3ms · נָגַע (H5060)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalנָגַע (H5060) 'touches'.
בָּהֶ֔םin themprep + sfx 3mpParticle or relational elementFunction word: 'in them'.
יִמָּלֵ֥אis ordainedN · מָלֵא (H4390)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מָלֵא (H4390) 'is ordained'.
בַרְזֶ֖לironN c · בַּרְזֶל (H1270)Construct chain (genitival)בַּרְזֶל (H1270) 'iron'.
וְעֵ֣ץand the tree ofconj וְ + N com m sg constr · עֵץ (H6086)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עֵץ (H6086) 'and the tree of'.
חֲנִ֑יתjavelinN c · חֲנִית (H2595)Construct chain (genitival)חֲנִית (H2595) 'javelin'.
וּבָאֵ֕שׁwith fireconj וְ + prep + art + N com c sg abs · אֵשׁ (H784)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֵשׁ (H784) 'with fire'.
שָׂר֥וֹףyou shall burnQal inf abs · שָׂרַף (H8313)Infinitive absolute→ Infinitive absolute: emphasis or attendant actionשָׂרַף (H8313) 'you shall burn'.
יִשָּׂרְפ֖וּthey burnN · שָׂרַף (H8313)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שָׂרַף (H8313) 'they burn'.
בַּשָּֽׁבֶתinprep + art + N com f sg abs · שֶׁבֶת (H7675)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שֶׁבֶת (H7675) 'in'.
8

אֵ֛לֶּה שְׁמ֥וֹת הַגִּבֹּרִ֖ים אֲשֶׁ֣ר לְדָוִ֑ד יֹשֵׁ֨ב בַּשֶּׁ֜בֶת תַּחְכְּמֹנִ֣י רֹ֣אשׁ הַשָּׁלִשִׁ֗י ה֚וּא עֲדִינ֣וֹ העצנו הָֽעֶצְנִ֔י עַל שְׁמֹנֶ֥ה מֵא֛וֹת חָלָ֖ל בְּפַ֥עַם אחד אֶחָֽת

These the names of the mighty men whom David had: The Tachmonite that sat in the seat, chief among the captains; the same Adino the Eznite: against eight hundred, whom he slew at one time.

Participle — attendant circumstance or substantival actorasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Participle — attendant circumstance or substantival actor. Lead predicate is 'that sat in the seat'.
Word-by-word analysis· 21 words
אֵ֛לֶּהthesedem. pron xcp · אֵלֶּה (H428)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֵלֶּה (H428) 'these'.
שְׁמ֥וֹתthe names ofN c · שֵׁם (H8034)Construct chain (genitival)שֵׁם (H8034) 'the names of'.
הַגִּבֹּרִ֖יםthe mighty menart + Adj · גִּבּוֹר (H1368)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)גִּבּוֹר (H1368) 'the mighty men'.
אֲשֶׁ֣רthatrel. שֶׁ · אֲשֶׁר (H834)Particle or relational elementאֲשֶׁר (H834) 'that'.
לְדָוִ֑דtoprep + N proper · דָּוִד (H1732)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)דָּוִד (H1732) 'to'.
יֹשֵׁ֨בthat sat in the seatQal ptc ms · יֹשֵׁב בַּשֶּׁבֶת (H3429)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorיֹשֵׁב בַּשֶּׁבֶת (H3429) 'that sat in the seat'.
בַּשֶּׁ֜בֶתthat sat in the seatN · יֹשֵׁב בַּשֶּׁבֶת (H3429)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יֹשֵׁב בַּשֶּׁבֶת (H3429) 'that sat in the seat'.
תַּחְכְּמֹנִ֣יTachmoniteN · תַּחְכְּמֹנִי (H8461)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)תַּחְכְּמֹנִי (H8461) 'Tachmonite'.
רֹ֣אשׁthe head ofN c · רֹאשׁ (H7218)Construct chain (genitival)רֹאשׁ (H7218) 'the head of'.
הַשָּׁלִשִׁ֗יand officersart + Adj c · שָׁלִישׁ (H7991)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שָׁלִישׁ (H7991) 'and officers'.
ה֚וּאhepron 3ms · הִיא (H1931)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)הִיא (H1931) 'he'.
עֲדִינ֣וֹAdinoN · עֲדִינוֹ (H5722)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עֲדִינוֹ (H5722) 'Adino'.
העצנוEzniteart + N gentilic m sg constr + sfx 3ms · עֵצֶן (H6112)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עֵצֶן (H6112) 'Eznite'.
הָֽעֶצְנִ֔יEzniteart + N gentilic m sg abs · עֵצֶן (H6112)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עֵצֶן (H6112) 'Eznite'.
עַלonprep · עַל (H5921)Particle or relational elementעַל (H5921) 'on'.
שְׁמֹנֶ֥הeightAdj · שְׁמֹנֶה (H8083)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שְׁמֹנֶה (H8083) 'eight'.
מֵא֛וֹתhundredAdj · מֵאָה (H3967)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מֵאָה (H3967) 'hundred'.
חָלָ֖לa slain manAdj · חָלָל (H2491)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)חָלָל (H2491) 'a slain man'.
בְּפַ֥עַםat the timeprep + N com f sg abs · פַּעַם (H6471)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)פַּעַם (H6471) 'at the time'.
אחדoneAdj · אֶחָד (H259)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֶחָד (H259) 'one'.
אֶחָֽתoneAdj · אֶחָד (H259)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֶחָד (H259) 'one'.
9

ואחרו וְאַחֲרָ֛יו אֶלְעָזָ֥ר בֶּן דדי דֹּד֖וֹ בֶּן אֲחֹחִ֑י בִּשְׁלֹשָׁ֨ה גברים הַגִּבֹּרִ֜ים עִם דָּוִ֗ד בְּחָֽרְפָ֤ם בַּפְּלִשְׁתִּים נֶאֶסְפוּ שָׁ֣ם לַמִּלְחָמָ֔ה וַֽיַּעֲל֖וּ אִ֥ישׁ יִשְׂרָאֵֽל

And after him Eleazar the son of Dodo the Ahohite, of the three mighty men with David, when they defied the Philistines were there gathered together to battle, and the men of Israel were gone away:

Infinitive construct — purpose, result, or complement
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Infinitive construct — purpose, result, or complement. Lead predicate is 'that scorned'.
Word-by-word analysis· 21 words
ואחרוafterconj וְ + prep + sfx 3ms · אַחַר (H310)Particle or relational elementאַחַר (H310) 'after'.
וְאַחֲרָ֛יוand after itconj וְ + prep + sfx 3ms · אַחַר (H310)Particle or relational elementאַחַר (H310) 'and after it'.
אֶלְעָזָ֥רEleazarN · אֶלְעָזָר (H499)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֶלְעָזָר (H499) 'Eleazar'.
בֶּןson ofN c · בֵּן (H1121)Construct chain (genitival)בֵּן (H1121) 'son of'.
דדיDodoN · דּוֹדוֹ (H1734)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)דּוֹדוֹ (H1734) 'Dodo'.
דֹּד֖וֹDodoN · דּוֹדוֹ (H1734)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)דּוֹדוֹ (H1734) 'Dodo'.
בֶּןson ofN c · בֵּן (H1121)Construct chain (genitival)בֵּן (H1121) 'son of'.
אֲחֹחִ֑יAhohiteN · אֲחוֹחִי (H266)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֲחוֹחִי (H266) 'Ahohite'.
בִּשְׁלֹשָׁ֨הthreeprep + Adj c · שָׁלוֹשׁ (H7969)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שָׁלוֹשׁ (H7969) 'three'.
גבריםmightyAdj · גִּבּוֹר (H1368)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)גִּבּוֹר (H1368) 'mighty'.
הַגִּבֹּרִ֜יםthe mighty menart + Adj · גִּבּוֹר (H1368)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)גִּבּוֹר (H1368) 'the mighty men'.
עִםwithprep · עִם (H5973)Particle or relational elementעִם (H5973) 'with'.
דָּוִ֗דDavidN · דָּוִד (H1732)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)דָּוִד (H1732) 'David'.
בְּחָֽרְפָ֤םthat scornedprep + Piel inf constr + sfx 3mp · חָרַף (H2778)Infinitive construct→ Infinitive construct: purpose, result, or complementחָרַף (H2778) 'that scorned'.
בַּפְּלִשְׁתִּיםthe Philistinesprep + art + N gentilic m pl abs · פְּלִשְׁתִּי (H6430)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)פְּלִשְׁתִּי (H6430) 'the Philistines'.
נֶאֶסְפוּwere gatheredN · אָסַף (H622)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אָסַף (H622) 'were gathered'.
שָׁ֣םthereart · שָׁם (H8033)Particle or relational elementשָׁם (H8033) 'there'.
לַמִּלְחָמָ֔הfor battleprep + art + N com f sg abs · מִלְחָמָה (H4421)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מִלְחָמָה (H4421) 'for battle'.
וַֽיַּעֲל֖וּand they went upconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3mp · עָלָה (H5927)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceעָלָה (H5927) 'and they went up'.
אִ֥ישׁa manN c · אִישׁ (H376)Construct chain (genitival)אִישׁ (H376) 'a man'.
יִשְׂרָאֵֽלIsraelN · יִשְׂרָאֵל (H3478)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יִשְׂרָאֵל (H3478) 'Israel'.
10

ה֣וּא קָם֩ וַיַּ֨ךְ בַּפְּלִשְׁתִּ֜ים עַ֣ד כִּֽי יָגְעָ֣ה יָד֗וֹ וַתִּדְבַּ֤ק יָדוֹ֙ אֶל הַחֶ֔רֶב וַיַּ֧עַשׂ יְהוָ֛ה תְּשׁוּעָ֥ה גְדוֹלָ֖ה בַּיּ֣וֹם הַה֑וּא וְהָעָ֛ם יָשֻׁ֥בוּ אַחֲרָ֖יו אַךְ לְפַשֵּֽׁט

He arose, and smote the Philistines until his hand was weary, and his hand clave to the sword: and YHWH wrought a great victory that day; and the people returned after him only to spoil.

Qatal — perfective or stative predicationasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Qatal — perfective or stative predication. Lead predicate is 'get up'.
Word-by-word analysis· 23 words
ה֣וּאhepron 3ms · הִיא (H1931)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)הִיא (H1931) 'he'.
קָם֩get upQal perf 3ms · קוּם (H6965)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actקוּם (H6965) 'get up'.
וַיַּ֨ךְand he struckconj וְ + Hiphil wayyiqtol 3ms · הִכָּה (H5221)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceהִכָּה (H5221) 'and he struck'.
בַּפְּלִשְׁתִּ֜יםthe Philistinesprep + art + N gentilic m pl abs · פְּלִשְׁתִּי (H6430)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)פְּלִשְׁתִּי (H6430) 'the Philistines'.
עַ֣דuntilprep · עַד (H5704)Particle or relational elementעַד (H5704) 'until'.
כִּֽיforconj וְ · כִּי (H3588)Particle or relational elementכִּי (H3588) 'for'.
יָגְעָ֣הyou laboredQal perf 3fs · יָגַע (H3021)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actיָגַע (H3021) 'you labored'.
יָד֗וֹhis handN c · יָד (H3027)Construct chain (genitival)יָד (H3027) 'his hand'.
וַתִּדְבַּ֤קand clungconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3fs · דָּבַק (H1692)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceדָּבַק (H1692) 'and clung'.
יָדוֹ֙his handN c · יָד (H3027)Construct chain (genitival)יָד (H3027) 'his hand'.
אֶלtoprep · אֶל (H413)Particle or relational elementאֶל (H413) 'to'.
הַחֶ֔רֶבthe swordart + N com f sg abs · חֶרֶב (H2719)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)חֶרֶב (H2719) 'the sword'.
וַיַּ֧עַשׂand he madeconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · עָשָׂה (H6213)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceעָשָׂה (H6213) 'and he made'.
יְהוָ֛הYHWHN · יְהוָה (H3068)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוָה (H3068) 'YHWH'.
תְּשׁוּעָ֥הdeliveranceN c · תְּשׁוּעָה (H8668)Construct chain (genitival)תְּשׁוּעָה (H8668) 'deliverance'.
גְדוֹלָ֖הgreatAdj · גָּדוֹל (H1419)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)גָּדוֹל (H1419) 'great'.
בַּיּ֣וֹםon the dayprep + art + N com m sg abs · יוֹם (H3117)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יוֹם (H3117) 'on the day'.
הַה֑וּאthatart + pron 3ms · הִיא (H1931)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)הִיא (H1931) 'that'.
וְהָעָ֛םand the peopleconj וְ + art + N com m sg abs · עַם (H5971)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עַם (H5971) 'and the people'.
יָשֻׁ֥בוּthey would turn backQal impf 3mp · שׁוּב (H7725)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalשׁוּב (H7725) 'they would turn back'.
אַחֲרָ֖יוafter himprep + sfx 3ms · אַחַר (H310)Particle or relational elementאַחַר (H310) 'after him'.
אַךְonlyparticle · אַךְ (H389)Particle or relational elementאַךְ (H389) 'only'.
לְפַשֵּֽׁטand he shall take offprep + Piel inf constr · פָּשַׁט (H6584)Infinitive construct→ Infinitive construct: purpose, result, or complementפָּשַׁט (H6584) 'and he shall take off'.
11

וְאַחֲרָ֛יו שַׁמָּ֥א בֶן אָגֵ֖א הָרָרִ֑י וַיֵּאָסְפ֨וּ פְלִשְׁתִּ֜ים לַחַיָּ֗ה וַתְּהִי שָׁ֞ם חֶלְקַ֤ת הַשָּׂדֶה֙ מְלֵאָ֣ה עֲדָשִׁ֔ים וְהָעָ֥ם נָ֖ס מִפְּנֵ֥י פְלִשְׁתִּֽים

And after him Shammah the son of Agee the Hararite. And the Philistines were gathered together into a troop, where was a piece of ground full of lentiles: and the people fled from the Philistines.

Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action. Lead predicate is 'and they gathered'.
Word-by-word analysis· 18 words
וְאַחֲרָ֛יוand after itconj וְ + prep + sfx 3ms · אַחַר (H310)Particle or relational elementאַחַר (H310) 'and after it'.
שַׁמָּ֥אShammaN · שַׁמָּא (H8037)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שַׁמָּא (H8037) 'Shamma'.
בֶןson ofN c · בֵּן (H1121)Construct chain (genitival)בֵּן (H1121) 'son of'.
אָגֵ֖אAgeeN · אָגֵא (H89)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אָגֵא (H89) 'Agee'.
הָרָרִ֑יHarariteN · הֲרָרִי (H2043)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)הֲרָרִי (H2043) 'Hararite'.
וַיֵּאָסְפ֨וּand they gatheredconj וְ + Niphal wayyiqtol 3mp · אָסַף (H622)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceאָסַף (H622) 'and they gathered'.
פְלִשְׁתִּ֜יםthe PhilistinesN · פְּלִשְׁתִּי (H6430)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)פְּלִשְׁתִּי (H6430) 'the Philistines'.
לַחַיָּ֗הaliveprep + art + N com f sg abs · חַי (H2416)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)חַי (H2416) 'alive'.
וַתְּהִיand there wasconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3fs · הָיָה (H1961)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceהָיָה (H1961) 'and there was'.
שָׁ֞םthereart · שָׁם (H8033)Particle or relational elementשָׁם (H8033) 'there'.
חֶלְקַ֤תthe portion ofN c · חֶלְקָה (H2513)Construct chain (genitival)חֶלְקָה (H2513) 'the portion of'.
הַשָּׂדֶה֙the fieldart + N com m sg abs · שָׂדֶה (H7704)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שָׂדֶה (H7704) 'the field'.
מְלֵאָ֣הthe full yieldAdj · מְלֵאָה (H4395)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מְלֵאָה (H4395) 'the full yield'.
עֲדָשִׁ֔יםof lentilsN c · עֲדָשָׁה (H5742)Construct chain (genitival)עֲדָשָׁה (H5742) 'of lentils'.
וְהָעָ֥םand the peopleconj וְ + art + N com m sg abs · עַם (H5971)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עַם (H5971) 'and the people'.
נָ֖סhad fledQal perf 3ms · נוּס (H5127)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actנוּס (H5127) 'had fled'.
מִפְּנֵ֥יbecause ofprep + N com c pl constr · פָּנִים (H6440)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)פָּנִים (H6440) 'because of'.
פְלִשְׁתִּֽיםthe PhilistinesN · פְּלִשְׁתִּי (H6430)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)פְּלִשְׁתִּי (H6430) 'the Philistines'.
12

וַיִּתְיַצֵּ֤ב בְּתוֹךְ הַֽחֶלְקָה֙ וַיַּצִּילֶ֔הָ וַיַּ֖ךְ אֶת פְּלִשְׁתִּ֑ים וַיַּ֥עַשׂ יְהוָ֖ה תְּשׁוּעָ֥ה גְדוֹלָֽה

But he stood in the midst of the ground, and defended it, and slew the Philistines: and YHWH wrought a great victory.

Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action. Lead predicate is 'and he stationed himself'.
Word-by-word analysis· 11 words
וַיִּתְיַצֵּ֤בand he stationed himselfconj וְ + Hithpael wayyiqtol 3ms · הִתְיַצֵּב (H3320)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceהִתְיַצֵּב (H3320) 'and he stationed himself'.
בְּתוֹךְin the midst ofprep + N com m sg constr · תָּוֶךְ (H8432)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)תָּוֶךְ (H8432) 'in the midst of'.
הַֽחֶלְקָה֙the portion ofart + N com f sg abs · חֶלְקָה (H2513)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)חֶלְקָה (H2513) 'the portion of'.
וַיַּצִּילֶ֔הָhas deliveredconj וְ + Hiphil wayyiqtol 3ms + sfx 3fs · נָצַל (H5337)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceנָצַל (H5337) 'has delivered'.
וַיַּ֖ךְand he struckconj וְ + Hiphil wayyiqtol 3ms · הִכָּה (H5221)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceהִכָּה (H5221) 'and he struck'.
אֶת(obj)obj marker · אֵת (H853)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H853) '(obj)'.
פְּלִשְׁתִּ֑יםthe PhilistinesN · פְּלִשְׁתִּי (H6430)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)פְּלִשְׁתִּי (H6430) 'the Philistines'.
וַיַּ֥עַשׂand he madeconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · עָשָׂה (H6213)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceעָשָׂה (H6213) 'and he made'.
יְהוָ֖הYHWHN · יְהוָה (H3068)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוָה (H3068) 'YHWH'.
תְּשׁוּעָ֥הdeliveranceN c · תְּשׁוּעָה (H8668)Construct chain (genitival)תְּשׁוּעָה (H8668) 'deliverance'.
גְדוֹלָֽהgreatAdj · גָּדוֹל (H1419)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)גָּדוֹל (H1419) 'great'.
13

וַיֵּרְד֨וּ שלשים שְׁלֹשָׁ֜ה מֵהַשְּׁלֹשִׁ֣ים רֹ֗אשׁ וַיָּבֹ֤אוּ אֶל קָצִיר֙ אֶל דָּוִ֔ד אֶל מְעָרַ֖ת עֲדֻלָּ֑ם וְחַיַּ֣ת פְּלִשְׁתִּ֔ים חֹנָ֖ה בְּעֵ֥מֶק רְפָאִֽים

And three of the thirty chief went down, and came to David in the harvest time to the cave of Adullam: and the troop of the Philistines pitched in the valley of Rephaim.

Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action. Lead predicate is 'and they went down'.
Word-by-word analysis· 18 words
וַיֵּרְד֨וּand they went downconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3mp · יָרַד (H3381)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceיָרַד (H3381) 'and they went down'.
שלשיםthirtyAdj · שְׁלֹשִׁים (H7970)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שְׁלֹשִׁים (H7970) 'thirty'.
שְׁלֹשָׁ֜הthreeAdj · שָׁלוֹשׁ (H7969)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שָׁלוֹשׁ (H7969) 'three'.
מֵהַשְּׁלֹשִׁ֣יםthirtyprep + art + Adj c · שְׁלֹשִׁים (H7970)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שְׁלֹשִׁים (H7970) 'thirty'.
רֹ֗אשׁthe head ofN c · רֹאשׁ (H7218)Construct chain (genitival)רֹאשׁ (H7218) 'the head of'.
וַיָּבֹ֤אוּand they cameconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3mp · בּוֹא (H935)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceבּוֹא (H935) 'and they came'.
אֶלtoprep · אֶל (H413)Particle or relational elementאֶל (H413) 'to'.
קָצִיר֙harvest ofN c · קָצִיר (H7105)Construct chain (genitival)קָצִיר (H7105) 'harvest of'.
אֶלtoprep · אֶל (H413)Particle or relational elementאֶל (H413) 'to'.
דָּוִ֔דDavidN · דָּוִד (H1732)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)דָּוִד (H1732) 'David'.
אֶלtoprep · אֶל (H413)Particle or relational elementאֶל (H413) 'to'.
מְעָרַ֖תthe cave ofN c · מְעָרָה (H4631)Construct chain (genitival)מְעָרָה (H4631) 'the cave of'.
עֲדֻלָּ֑םAdullamN · עֲדֻלָּם (H5725)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עֲדֻלָּם (H5725) 'Adullam'.
וְחַיַּ֣תaliveconj וְ + N com f sg constr · חַי (H2416)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)חַי (H2416) 'alive'.
פְּלִשְׁתִּ֔יםthe PhilistinesN · פְּלִשְׁתִּי (H6430)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)פְּלִשְׁתִּי (H6430) 'the Philistines'.
חֹנָ֖הwas encampedQal ptc fs · חָנָה (H2583)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorחָנָה (H2583) 'was encamped'.
בְּעֵ֥מֶקin the valley ofprep + N com m sg constr · עֵמֶק (H6010)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עֵמֶק (H6010) 'in the valley of'.
רְפָאִֽיםRephaimN · רְפָאִים (H7497)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)רְפָאִים (H7497) 'Rephaim'.
14

וְדָוִ֖ד אָ֣ז בַּמְּצוּדָ֑ה וּמַצַּ֣ב פְּלִשְׁתִּ֔ים אָ֖ז בֵּ֥ית לָֽחֶם

And David then in an hold, and the garrison of the Philistines then Bethlehem.

Linked non-verbal clause
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Linked non-verbal clause.
Word-by-word analysis· 8 words
וְדָוִ֖דandconj וְ + N proper · דָּוִד (H1732)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)דָּוִד (H1732) 'and'.
אָ֣זthenart · אָז (H227)Particle or relational elementאָז (H227) 'then'.
בַּמְּצוּדָ֑הand his netprep + art + N com c sg abs · מְצוּדָה (H4686)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מְצוּדָה (H4686) 'and his net'.
וּמַצַּ֣בthe standing place ofconj וְ + N com m sg constr · מַצָּב (H4673)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מַצָּב (H4673) 'the standing place of'.
פְּלִשְׁתִּ֔יםthe PhilistinesN · פְּלִשְׁתִּי (H6430)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)פְּלִשְׁתִּי (H6430) 'the Philistines'.
אָ֖זthenart · אָז (H227)Particle or relational elementאָז (H227) 'then'.
בֵּ֥יתBethlehemN · בֵּית-לֶחֶם (H1035)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)בֵּית-לֶחֶם (H1035) 'Bethlehem'.
לָֽחֶםlehem (Bethlehem)N · בֵּית-לֶחֶם (H1035)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)בֵּית-לֶחֶם (H1035) 'lehem (Bethlehem)'.
15

וַיִּתְאַוֶּ֥ה דָוִ֖ד וַיֹּאמַ֑ר מִ֚י יַשְׁקֵ֣נִי מַ֔יִם מִבֹּ֥אר בֵּֽית לֶ֖חֶם אֲשֶׁ֥ר בַּשָּֽׁעַר

And David longed, and said, Oh that one would give me drink of the water of the well of Bethlehem, which by the gate!

Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action. Lead predicate is 'desires'. Speech formula or quoted address.
Word-by-word analysis· 11 words
וַיִּתְאַוֶּ֥הdesiresconj וְ + Hithpael wayyiqtol 3ms · אָוָה (H183)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceאָוָה (H183) 'desires'.
דָוִ֖דDavidN · דָּוִד (H1732)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)דָּוִד (H1732) 'David'.
וַיֹּאמַ֑רand he saidconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · אָמַר (H559)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceאָמַר (H559) 'and he said'.
מִ֚יwhointerrog. · מִי (H4310)Particle or relational elementמִי (H4310) 'who'.
יַשְׁקֵ֣נִיand wateredHiphil impf 3ms + sfx 1cs · שָׁקָה (H8248)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalשָׁקָה (H8248) 'and watered'.
מַ֔יִםwaterN c · מַיִם (H4325)Construct chain (genitival)מַיִם (H4325) 'water'.
מִבֹּ֥ארfromprep + N com m sg constr · בֹּאר (H877)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)בֹּאר (H877) 'from'.
בֵּֽיתBethlehemN · בֵּית-לֶחֶם (H1035)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)בֵּית-לֶחֶם (H1035) 'Bethlehem'.
לֶ֖חֶםlehem (Bethlehem)N · בֵּית-לֶחֶם (H1035)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)בֵּית-לֶחֶם (H1035) 'lehem (Bethlehem)'.
אֲשֶׁ֥רthatrel. שֶׁ · אֲשֶׁר (H834)Particle or relational elementאֲשֶׁר (H834) 'that'.
בַּשָּֽׁעַרin the gate ofprep + art + N com m sg abs · שַׁעַר (H8179)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שַׁעַר (H8179) 'in the gate of'.
16

וַיִּבְקְעוּ֩ שְׁלֹ֨שֶׁת הַגִּבֹּרִ֜ים בְּמַחֲנֵ֣ה פְלִשְׁתִּ֗ים וַיִּֽשְׁאֲבוּ מַ֨יִם֙ מִבֹּ֤אר בֵּֽית לֶ֨חֶם֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר בַּשַּׁ֔עַר וַיִּשְׂא֖וּ וַיָּבִ֣אוּ אֶל דָּוִ֑ד וְלֹ֤א אָבָה֙ לִשְׁתּוֹתָ֔ם וַיַּסֵּ֥ךְ אֹתָ֖ם לַֽיהוָֽה

And the three mighty men brake through the host of the Philistines, and drew water out of the well of Bethlehem, that by the gate, and took , and brought to David: nevertheless he would not drink thereof, but poured it out to YHWH.

Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action. Lead predicate is 'and were divided'.
Word-by-word analysis· 22 words
וַיִּבְקְעוּ֩and were dividedconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3mp · בָּקַע (H1234)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceבָּקַע (H1234) 'and were divided'.
שְׁלֹ֨שֶׁתthreeAdj · שָׁלוֹשׁ (H7969)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שָׁלוֹשׁ (H7969) 'three'.
הַגִּבֹּרִ֜יםthe mighty menart + Adj · גִּבּוֹר (H1368)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)גִּבּוֹר (H1368) 'the mighty men'.
בְּמַחֲנֵ֣הin the campprep + N com c sg constr · מַחֲנֶה (H4264)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מַחֲנֶה (H4264) 'in the camp'.
פְלִשְׁתִּ֗יםthe PhilistinesN · פְּלִשְׁתִּי (H6430)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)פְּלִשְׁתִּי (H6430) 'the Philistines'.
וַיִּֽשְׁאֲבוּand drawers ofconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3mp · שָׁאַב (H7579)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceשָׁאַב (H7579) 'and drawers of'.
מַ֨יִם֙waterN c · מַיִם (H4325)Construct chain (genitival)מַיִם (H4325) 'water'.
מִבֹּ֤ארfromprep + N com m sg constr · בֹּאר (H877)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)בֹּאר (H877) 'from'.
בֵּֽיתBethlehemN · בֵּית-לֶחֶם (H1035)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)בֵּית-לֶחֶם (H1035) 'Bethlehem'.
לֶ֨חֶם֙lehem (Bethlehem)N · בֵּית-לֶחֶם (H1035)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)בֵּית-לֶחֶם (H1035) 'lehem (Bethlehem)'.
אֲשֶׁ֣רthatrel. שֶׁ · אֲשֶׁר (H834)Particle or relational elementאֲשֶׁר (H834) 'that'.
בַּשַּׁ֔עַרin the gate ofprep + art + N com m sg abs · שַׁעַר (H8179)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שַׁעַר (H8179) 'in the gate of'.
וַיִּשְׂא֖וּand they lifted upconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3mp · נָשָׂא (H5375)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceנָשָׂא (H5375) 'and they lifted up'.
וַיָּבִ֣אוּand they cameconj וְ + Hiphil wayyiqtol 3mp · בּוֹא (H935)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceבּוֹא (H935) 'and they came'.
אֶלtoprep · אֶל (H413)Particle or relational elementאֶל (H413) 'to'.
דָּוִ֑דDavidN · דָּוִד (H1732)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)דָּוִד (H1732) 'David'.
וְלֹ֤אand notconj וְ + neg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'and not'.
אָבָה֙he was willingQal perf 3ms · אָבָה (H14)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actאָבָה (H14) 'he was willing'.
לִשְׁתּוֹתָ֔םto drinkprep + Qal inf constr + sfx 3mp · שָׁתָה (H8354)Infinitive construct→ Infinitive construct: purpose, result, or complementשָׁתָה (H8354) 'to drink'.
וַיַּסֵּ֥ךְand he pouredconj וְ + Hiphil wayyiqtol 3ms · נָסַךְ (H5258)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceנָסַךְ (H5258) 'and he poured'.
אֹתָ֖םthemobj marker + sfx 3mp · אֵת (H853)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H853) 'them'.
לַֽיהוָֽהto YHWHprep + N proper · יְהוָה (H3068)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוָה (H3068) 'to YHWH'.
17

וַיֹּ֡אמֶר חָלִילָה֩ לִּ֨י יְהוָ֜ה מֵעֲשֹׂ֣תִי זֹ֗את הֲדַ֤ם הָֽאֲנָשִׁים֙ הַהֹלְכִ֣ים בְּנַפְשׁוֹתָ֔ם וְלֹ֥א אָבָ֖ה לִשְׁתּוֹתָ֑ם אֵ֣לֶּה עָשׂ֔וּ שְׁלֹ֖שֶׁת הַגִּבֹּרִֽים

And he said, Be it far from me, O YHWH, that I should do this: the blood of the men that went in jeopardy of their lives? therefore he would not drink it. These things did these three mighty men.

Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action. Lead predicate is 'and he said'. Speech formula or quoted address.
Word-by-word analysis· 17 words
וַיֹּ֡אמֶרand he saidconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · אָמַר (H559)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceאָמַר (H559) 'and he said'.
חָלִילָה֩far be itparticle + Sh · חָלִילָה (H2486)Particle or relational elementחָלִילָה (H2486) 'far be it'.
לִּ֨יto meprep + sfx 1csParticle or relational elementFunction word: 'to me'.
יְהוָ֜הYHWHN · יְהוָה (H3068)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוָה (H3068) 'YHWH'.
מֵעֲשֹׂ֣תִיto doprep + Qal inf constr + sfx 1cs · עָשָׂה (H6213)Infinitive construct→ Infinitive construct: purpose, result, or complementעָשָׂה (H6213) 'to do'.
זֹ֗אתthisdem. pron xfs · זֹאת (H2063)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)זֹאת (H2063) 'this'.
הֲדַ֤םthe bloodinterrog. + N com m sg constr · דָּם (H1818)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)דָּם (H1818) 'the blood'.
הָֽאֲנָשִׁים֙the menart + N com m pl abs · אִישׁ (H376)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אִישׁ (H376) 'the men'.
הַהֹלְכִ֣יםthe ones goingart + Qal ptc mp · הָלַךְ (H1980)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorהָלַךְ (H1980) 'the ones going'.
בְּנַפְשׁוֹתָ֔םyour soulprep + N com c pl constr + sfx 3mp · נֶפֶשׁ (H5315)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)נֶפֶשׁ (H5315) 'your soul'.
וְלֹ֥אand notconj וְ + neg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'and not'.
אָבָ֖הhe was willingQal perf 3ms · אָבָה (H14)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actאָבָה (H14) 'he was willing'.
לִשְׁתּוֹתָ֑םto drinkprep + Qal inf constr + sfx 3mp · שָׁתָה (H8354)Infinitive construct→ Infinitive construct: purpose, result, or complementשָׁתָה (H8354) 'to drink'.
אֵ֣לֶּהthesedem. pron xcp · אֵלֶּה (H428)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֵלֶּה (H428) 'these'.
עָשׂ֔וּthey didQal perf 3cp · עָשָׂה (H6213)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actעָשָׂה (H6213) 'they did'.
שְׁלֹ֖שֶׁתthreeAdj · שָׁלוֹשׁ (H7969)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שָׁלוֹשׁ (H7969) 'three'.
הַגִּבֹּרִֽיםthe mighty menart + Adj · גִּבּוֹר (H1368)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)גִּבּוֹר (H1368) 'the mighty men'.
18

וַאֲבִישַׁ֞י אֲחִ֣י יוֹאָ֣ב בֶּן צְרוּיָ֗ה ה֚וּא רֹ֣אשׁ השלשי הַשְּׁלֹשָׁ֔ה וְהוּא֙ עוֹרֵ֣ר אֶת חֲנִית֔וֹ עַל שְׁלֹ֥שׁ מֵא֖וֹת חָלָ֑ל וְלוֹ שֵׁ֖ם בַּשְּׁלֹשָֽׁה

And Abishai, the brother of Joab, the son of Zeruiah, was chief among three. And he lifted up his spear against three hundred, slew , and had the name among three.

Qatal — perfective or stative predication
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Qatal — perfective or stative predication. Lead predicate is 'awake'.
Word-by-word analysis· 20 words
וַאֲבִישַׁ֞יandconj וְ + N proper · אֲבִישַׁי (H52)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֲבִישַׁי (H52) 'and'.
אֲחִ֣יbrother ofN c · אָח (H251)Construct chain (genitival)אָח (H251) 'brother of'.
יוֹאָ֣בJoabN · יוֹאָב (H3097)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יוֹאָב (H3097) 'Joab'.
בֶּןson ofN c · בֵּן (H1121)Construct chain (genitival)בֵּן (H1121) 'son of'.
צְרוּיָ֗הZeruiahN · צְרוּיָה (H6870)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)צְרוּיָה (H6870) 'Zeruiah'.
ה֚וּאhepron 3ms · הִיא (H1931)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)הִיא (H1931) 'he'.
רֹ֣אשׁthe head ofN c · רֹאשׁ (H7218)Construct chain (genitival)רֹאשׁ (H7218) 'the head of'.
השלשיthe thirdart + Adj · שְׁלִישִׁי (H7992)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שְׁלִישִׁי (H7992) 'the third'.
הַשְּׁלֹשָׁ֔הthe threeart + Adj c · שָׁלוֹשׁ (H7969)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שָׁלוֹשׁ (H7969) 'the three'.
וְהוּא֙and heconj וְ + pron 3ms · הִיא (H1931)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)הִיא (H1931) 'and he'.
עוֹרֵ֣רawakePolel perf 3ms · עוּר (H5782)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actעוּר (H5782) 'awake'.
אֶת(obj)obj marker · אֵת (H853)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H853) '(obj)'.
חֲנִית֔וֹjavelinN c · חֲנִית (H2595)Construct chain (genitival)חֲנִית (H2595) 'javelin'.
עַלonprep · עַל (H5921)Particle or relational elementעַל (H5921) 'on'.
שְׁלֹ֥שׁthreeAdj · שָׁלוֹשׁ (H7969)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שָׁלוֹשׁ (H7969) 'three'.
מֵא֖וֹתhundredAdj · מֵאָה (H3967)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מֵאָה (H3967) 'hundred'.
חָלָ֑לa slain manAdj · חָלָל (H2491)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)חָלָל (H2491) 'a slain man'.
וְלוֹand to himconj וְ + prep + sfx 3msParticle or relational elementFunction word: 'and to him'.
שֵׁ֖םthe name ofN c · שֵׁם (H8034)Construct chain (genitival)שֵׁם (H8034) 'the name of'.
בַּשְּׁלֹשָֽׁהthreeprep + art + Adj c · שָׁלוֹשׁ (H7969)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שָׁלוֹשׁ (H7969) 'three'.
19

מִן הַשְּׁלֹשָׁה֙ הֲכִ֣י נִכְבָּ֔ד וַיְהִ֥י לָהֶ֖ם לְשָׂ֑ר וְעַד הַשְּׁלֹשָׁ֖ה לֹא בָֽא

Was he not most honourable of three? therefore he was their captain: howbeit he attained not to the three.

Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential actionasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action. Wayyehî scene-setting or temporal hinge.
Word-by-word analysis· 11 words
מִןfromprep · מִן (H4480)Particle or relational elementמִן (H4480) 'from'.
הַשְּׁלֹשָׁה֙the threeart + Adj c · שָׁלוֹשׁ (H7969)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שָׁלוֹשׁ (H7969) 'the three'.
הֲכִ֣יis that whyinterrog. + conj וְ · כִּי (H3588)Particle or relational elementכִּי (H3588) 'is that why'.
נִכְבָּ֔דwas honoredN · כָּבֵד (H3513)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)כָּבֵד (H3513) 'was honored'.
וַיְהִ֥יand it happenedconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · הָיָה (H1961)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceהָיָה (H1961) 'and it happened'.
לָהֶ֖םto themprep + sfx 3mpParticle or relational elementFunction word: 'to them'.
לְשָׂ֑רto chief ofprep + N com m sg abs · שַׂר (H8269)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שַׂר (H8269) 'to chief of'.
וְעַדand toconj וְ + prep · עַד (H5704)Particle or relational elementעַד (H5704) 'and to'.
הַשְּׁלֹשָׁ֖הthe threeart + Adj c · שָׁלוֹשׁ (H7969)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שָׁלוֹשׁ (H7969) 'the three'.
לֹאnotneg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'not'.
בָֽאcameQal perf 3ms · בּוֹא (H935)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actבּוֹא (H935) 'came'.
20

וּבְנָיָ֨הוּ בֶן יְהוֹיָדָ֧ע בֶּן אִֽישׁ חי חַ֛יִל רַב פְּעָלִ֖ים מִֽקַּבְצְאֵ֑ל ה֣וּא הִכָּ֗ה אֵ֣ת שְׁנֵ֤י אֲרִאֵל֙ מוֹאָ֔ב וְ֠הוּא יָרַ֞ד וְהִכָּ֧ה אֶֽת האריה הָאֲרִ֛י בְּת֥וֹךְ הַבֹּ֖אר בְּי֥וֹם הַשָּֽׁלֶג

And Benaiah the son of Jehoiada, the son of a valiant man, of Kabzeel, who had done many acts, he slew two lionlike men of Moab: he went down also and slew a lion in the midst of a pit in time of snow:

Qatal — perfective or stative predication
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Qatal — perfective or stative predication. Lead predicate is 'struck'.
Word-by-word analysis· 26 words
וּבְנָיָ֨הוּandconj וְ + N proper · בְּנָיָה (H1141)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)בְּנָיָה (H1141) 'and'.
בֶןson ofN c · בֵּן (H1121)Construct chain (genitival)בֵּן (H1121) 'son of'.
יְהוֹיָדָ֧עJehoiada. CompareN · יְהוֹיָדָע (H3077)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוֹיָדָע (H3077) 'Jehoiada. Compare'.
בֶּןson ofN c · בֵּן (H1121)Construct chain (genitival)בֵּן (H1121) 'son of'.
אִֽישׁa manN c · אִישׁ (H376)Construct chain (genitival)אִישׁ (H376) 'a man'.
חיaliveAdj · חַי (H2416)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)חַי (H2416) 'alive'.
חַ֛יִלabilityN c · חַיִל (H2428)Construct chain (genitival)חַיִל (H2428) 'ability'.
רַבgreatAdj · רַב (H7227)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)רַב (H7227) 'great'.
פְּעָלִ֖יםhis workN c · פֹּעַל (H6467)Construct chain (genitival)פֹּעַל (H6467) 'his work'.
מִֽקַּבְצְאֵ֑לKabzeelprep + N proper · קַבְצְאֵל (H6909)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)קַבְצְאֵל (H6909) 'Kabzeel'.
ה֣וּאhepron 3ms · הִיא (H1931)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)הִיא (H1931) 'he'.
הִכָּ֗הstruckHiphil perf 3ms · הִכָּה (H5221)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actהִכָּה (H5221) 'struck'.
אֵ֣ת(obj)obj marker · אֵת (H853)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H853) '(obj)'.
שְׁנֵ֤יtwo ofAdj · שְׁנַיִם (H8147)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שְׁנַיִם (H8147) 'two of'.
אֲרִאֵל֙lionlike menN · אֲרִיאֵל (H739)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֲרִיאֵל (H739) 'lionlike men'.
מוֹאָ֔בMoabN · מוֹאָב (H4124)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מוֹאָב (H4124) 'Moab'.
וְ֠הוּאand heconj וְ + pron 3ms · הִיא (H1931)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)הִיא (H1931) 'and he'.
יָרַ֞דit will come downQal perf 3ms · יָרַד (H3381)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actיָרַד (H3381) 'it will come down'.
וְהִכָּ֧הand one strikesconj וְ + Hiphil perf 3ms · הִכָּה (H5221)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actהִכָּה (H5221) 'and one strikes'.
אֶֽת(obj)obj marker · אֵת (H853)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H853) '(obj)'.
האריהa lionart + N com m sg abs · אַרְיֵה (H738)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אַרְיֵה (H738) 'a lion'.
הָאֲרִ֛יa lionart + N com m sg abs · אַרְיֵה (H738)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אַרְיֵה (H738) 'a lion'.
בְּת֥וֹךְin the midst ofprep + N com m sg constr · תָּוֶךְ (H8432)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)תָּוֶךְ (H8432) 'in the midst of'.
הַבֹּ֖ארthe pitart + N com m sg abs · בּוֹר (H953)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)בּוֹר (H953) 'the pit'.
בְּי֥וֹםon the dayprep + N com m sg constr · יוֹם (H3117)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יוֹם (H3117) 'on the day'.
הַשָּֽׁלֶגlike snowart + N com m sg abs · שֶׁלֶג (H7950)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שֶׁלֶג (H7950) 'like snow'.
21

וְהוּא הִכָּה֩ אֶת אִ֨ישׁ מִצְרִ֜י אשר אִ֣ישׁ מַרְאֶ֗ה וּבְיַ֤ד הַמִּצְרִי֙ חֲנִ֔ית וַיֵּ֥רֶד אֵלָ֖יו בַּשָּׁ֑בֶט וַיִּגְזֹ֤ל אֶֽת הַחֲנִית֙ מִיַּ֣ד הַמִּצְרִ֔י וַיַּהַרְגֵ֖הוּ בַּחֲנִיתֽוֹ

And he slew an Egyptian, a goodly man: and the Egyptian had a spear in his hand; but he went down to him with a staff, and plucked the spear out of the Egyptian's hand, and slew him with his own spear.

Qatal — perfective or stative predication
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Qatal — perfective or stative predication. Lead predicate is 'struck'.
Word-by-word analysis· 21 words
וְהוּאand heconj וְ + pron 3ms · הִיא (H1931)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)הִיא (H1931) 'and he'.
הִכָּה֩struckHiphil perf 3ms · הִכָּה (H5221)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actהִכָּה (H5221) 'struck'.
אֶת(obj)obj marker · אֵת (H853)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H853) '(obj)'.
אִ֨ישׁa manN c · אִישׁ (H376)Construct chain (genitival)אִישׁ (H376) 'a man'.
מִצְרִ֜יEgyptianN · מִצְרִי (H4713)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מִצְרִי (H4713) 'Egyptian'.
אשרthatrel. שֶׁ · אֲשֶׁר (H834)Particle or relational elementאֲשֶׁר (H834) 'that'.
אִ֣ישׁa manN c · אִישׁ (H376)Construct chain (genitival)אִישׁ (H376) 'a man'.
מַרְאֶ֗הappearanceN c · מַרְאֶה (H4758)Construct chain (genitival)מַרְאֶה (H4758) 'appearance'.
וּבְיַ֤דand by a handconj וְ + prep + N com c sg constr · יָד (H3027)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יָד (H3027) 'and by a hand'.
הַמִּצְרִי֙the Egyptianart + N gentilic m sg abs · מִצְרִי (H4713)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מִצְרִי (H4713) 'the Egyptian'.
חֲנִ֔יתjavelinN c · חֲנִית (H2595)Construct chain (genitival)חֲנִית (H2595) 'javelin'.
וַיֵּ֥רֶדand went downconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · יָרַד (H3381)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceיָרַד (H3381) 'and went down'.
אֵלָ֖יוto himprep + sfx 3ms · אֶל (H413)Particle or relational elementאֶל (H413) 'to him'.
בַּשָּׁ֑בֶטwith a rodprep + art + N com m sg abs · שֵׁבֶט (H7626)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שֵׁבֶט (H7626) 'with a rod'.
וַיִּגְזֹ֤לand robbedconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · גָּזַל (H1497)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceגָּזַל (H1497) 'and robbed'.
אֶֽת(obj)obj marker · אֵת (H853)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H853) '(obj)'.
הַחֲנִית֙javelinart + N com f sg abs · חֲנִית (H2595)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)חֲנִית (H2595) 'javelin'.
מִיַּ֣דfrom the hand ofprep + N com c sg constr · יָד (H3027)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יָד (H3027) 'from the hand of'.
הַמִּצְרִ֔יthe Egyptianart + N gentilic m sg abs · מִצְרִי (H4713)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מִצְרִי (H4713) 'the Egyptian'.
וַיַּהַרְגֵ֖הוּand killed himconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms + sfx 3ms · הָרַג (H2026)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceהָרַג (H2026) 'and killed him'.
בַּחֲנִיתֽוֹjavelinprep + N com f sg constr + sfx 3ms · חֲנִית (H2595)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)חֲנִית (H2595) 'javelin'.
22

אֵ֣לֶּה עָשָׂ֔ה בְּנָיָ֖הוּ בֶּן יְהוֹיָדָ֑ע וְלוֹ שֵׁ֖ם בִּשְׁלֹשָׁ֥ה הַגִּבֹּרִֽים

These did Benaiah the son of Jehoiada, and had the name among three mighty men.

Qatal — perfective or stative predicationasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Qatal — perfective or stative predication. Lead predicate is 'he did'.
Word-by-word analysis· 9 words
אֵ֣לֶּהthesedem. pron xcp · אֵלֶּה (H428)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֵלֶּה (H428) 'these'.
עָשָׂ֔הhe didQal perf 3ms · עָשָׂה (H6213)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actעָשָׂה (H6213) 'he did'.
בְּנָיָ֖הוּBenaiahN · בְּנָיָה (H1141)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)בְּנָיָה (H1141) 'Benaiah'.
בֶּןson ofN c · בֵּן (H1121)Construct chain (genitival)בֵּן (H1121) 'son of'.
יְהוֹיָדָ֑עJehoiada. CompareN · יְהוֹיָדָע (H3077)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוֹיָדָע (H3077) 'Jehoiada. Compare'.
וְלוֹand to himconj וְ + prep + sfx 3msParticle or relational elementFunction word: 'and to him'.
שֵׁ֖םthe name ofN c · שֵׁם (H8034)Construct chain (genitival)שֵׁם (H8034) 'the name of'.
בִּשְׁלֹשָׁ֥הthreeprep + Adj c · שָׁלוֹשׁ (H7969)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שָׁלוֹשׁ (H7969) 'three'.
הַגִּבֹּרִֽיםthe mighty menart + Adj · גִּבּוֹר (H1368)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)גִּבּוֹר (H1368) 'the mighty men'.
23

מִן הַשְּׁלֹשִׁ֣ים נִכְבָּ֔ד וְאֶל הַשְּׁלֹשָׁ֖ה לֹא בָ֑א וַיְשִׂמֵ֥הוּ דָוִ֖ד אֶל מִשְׁמַעְתּֽוֹ

He was more honourable than the thirty, but he attained not to the three. And David set him over his guard.

Qatal — perfective or stative predicationasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Qatal — perfective or stative predication. Lead predicate is 'came'.
Word-by-word analysis· 11 words
מִןfromprep · מִן (H4480)Particle or relational elementמִן (H4480) 'from'.
הַשְּׁלֹשִׁ֣יםthirtyart + Adj c · שְׁלֹשִׁים (H7970)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שְׁלֹשִׁים (H7970) 'thirty'.
נִכְבָּ֔דwas honoredN · כָּבֵד (H3513)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)כָּבֵד (H3513) 'was honored'.
וְאֶלand toconj וְ + prep · אֶל (H413)Particle or relational elementאֶל (H413) 'and to'.
הַשְּׁלֹשָׁ֖הthe threeart + Adj c · שָׁלוֹשׁ (H7969)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שָׁלוֹשׁ (H7969) 'the three'.
לֹאnotneg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'not'.
בָ֑אcameQal perf 3ms · בּוֹא (H935)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actבּוֹא (H935) 'came'.
וַיְשִׂמֵ֥הוּand he set itconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms + sfx 3ms · שִׂים (H7760)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceשִׂים (H7760) 'and he set it'.
דָוִ֖דDavidN · דָּוִד (H1732)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)דָּוִד (H1732) 'David'.
אֶלtoprep · אֶל (H413)Particle or relational elementאֶל (H413) 'to'.
מִשְׁמַעְתּֽוֹbiddingN c · מִשְׁמַעַת (H4928)Construct chain (genitival)מִשְׁמַעַת (H4928) 'bidding'.
24

עֲשָׂה אֵ֥ל אֲחִֽי יוֹאָ֖ב בַּשְּׁלֹשִׁ֑ים אֶלְחָנָ֥ן בֶּן דֹּד֖וֹ בֵּ֥ית לָֽחֶם

Asahel the brother of Joab one of the thirty; Elhanan the son of Dodo of Bethlehem,

Nominal or particle frameasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Nominal or particle frame.
Word-by-word analysis· 10 words
עֲשָׂהAsahelN · עֲשָׂהאֵל (H6214)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עֲשָׂהאֵל (H6214) 'Asahel'.
אֵ֥לAsahelN · עֲשָׂהאֵל (H6214)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עֲשָׂהאֵל (H6214) 'Asahel'.
אֲחִֽיbrother ofN c · אָח (H251)Construct chain (genitival)אָח (H251) 'brother of'.
יוֹאָ֖בJoabN · יוֹאָב (H3097)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יוֹאָב (H3097) 'Joab'.
בַּשְּׁלֹשִׁ֑יםthirtyprep + art + Adj c · שְׁלֹשִׁים (H7970)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שְׁלֹשִׁים (H7970) 'thirty'.
אֶלְחָנָ֥ןElkananN · אֶלְחָנָן (H445)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֶלְחָנָן (H445) 'Elkanan'.
בֶּןson ofN c · בֵּן (H1121)Construct chain (genitival)בֵּן (H1121) 'son of'.
דֹּד֖וֹDodoN · דּוֹדוֹ (H1734)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)דּוֹדוֹ (H1734) 'Dodo'.
בֵּ֥יתBethlehemN · בֵּית-לֶחֶם (H1035)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)בֵּית-לֶחֶם (H1035) 'Bethlehem'.
לָֽחֶםlehem (Bethlehem)N · בֵּית-לֶחֶם (H1035)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)בֵּית-לֶחֶם (H1035) 'lehem (Bethlehem)'.
25

שַׁמָּה֙ הַֽחֲרֹדִ֔י אֱלִיקָ֖א הַחֲרֹדִֽי

Shammah the Harodite, Elika the Harodite,

Nominal or particle frameasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Nominal or particle frame.
Word-by-word analysis· 4 words
שַׁמָּה֙ShammahN · שַׁמָּה (H8048)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שַׁמָּה (H8048) 'Shammah'.
הַֽחֲרֹדִ֔יHaroditeart + N gentilic m sg abs · חֲרֹדִי (H2733)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)חֲרֹדִי (H2733) 'Harodite'.
אֱלִיקָ֖אElikaN · אֱלִיקָא (H470)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֱלִיקָא (H470) 'Elika'.
הַחֲרֹדִֽיHaroditeart + N gentilic m sg abs · חֲרֹדִי (H2733)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)חֲרֹדִי (H2733) 'Harodite'.
26

חֶ֚לֶץ הַפַּלְטִ֔י עִירָ֥א בֶן עִקֵּ֖שׁ הַתְּקוֹעִֽי

Helez the Paltite, Ira the son of Ikkesh the Tekoite,

Nominal or particle frameasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Nominal or particle frame.
Word-by-word analysis· 6 words
חֶ֚לֶץHelezN · חֶלֶץ (H2503)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)חֶלֶץ (H2503) 'Helez'.
הַפַּלְטִ֔יPaltiteart + N gentilic m sg abs · פַּלְטִי (H6407)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)פַּלְטִי (H6407) 'Paltite'.
עִירָ֥אIraN · עִירָא (H5896)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עִירָא (H5896) 'Ira'.
בֶןson ofN c · בֵּן (H1121)Construct chain (genitival)בֵּן (H1121) 'son of'.
עִקֵּ֖שׁIkkeshN · עִקֵּשׁ (H6142)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עִקֵּשׁ (H6142) 'Ikkesh'.
הַתְּקוֹעִֽיTekoiteart + N gentilic m sg abs · תְּקוֹעִי (H8621)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)תְּקוֹעִי (H8621) 'Tekoite'.
27

אֲבִיעֶ֨זֶר֙ הָֽעַנְּתֹתִ֔י מְבֻנַּ֖י הַחֻשָׁתִֽי

Abiezer the Anethothite, Mebunnai the Hushathite,

Nominal or particle frameasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Nominal or particle frame.
Word-by-word analysis· 4 words
אֲבִיעֶ֨זֶר֙AbiezerN · אֲבִיעֶזֶר (H44)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֲבִיעֶזֶר (H44) 'Abiezer'.
הָֽעַנְּתֹתִ֔יof Anathothart + N gentilic m sg abs · עַנְתֹתִי (H6069)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עַנְתֹתִי (H6069) 'of Anathoth'.
מְבֻנַּ֖יMebunnaiN · מְבֻנַּי (H4012)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מְבֻנַּי (H4012) 'Mebunnai'.
הַחֻשָׁתִֽיHushathiteart + N gentilic m sg abs · חֻשָׁתִי (H2843)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)חֻשָׁתִי (H2843) 'Hushathite'.
28

צַלְמוֹן֙ הָֽאֲחֹחִ֔י מַהְרַ֖י הַנְּטֹפָתִֽי

Zalmon the Ahohite, Maharai the Netophathite,

Nominal or particle frameasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Nominal or particle frame.
Word-by-word analysis· 4 words
צַלְמוֹן֙ZalmonN · צַלְמוֹן (H6756)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)צַלְמוֹן (H6756) 'Zalmon'.
הָֽאֲחֹחִ֔יAhohiteart + N gentilic m sg abs · אֲחוֹחִי (H266)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֲחוֹחִי (H266) 'Ahohite'.
מַהְרַ֖יMaharaiN · מַהֲרַי (H4121)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מַהֲרַי (H4121) 'Maharai'.
הַנְּטֹפָתִֽיNetophathiteart + N gentilic m sg abs · נְטֹפָתִי (H5200)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)נְטֹפָתִי (H5200) 'Netophathite'.
29

חֵ֥לֶב בֶּֽן בַּעֲנָ֖ה הַנְּטֹפָתִ֑י אִתַּי֙ בֶּן רִיבַ֔י מִגִּבְעַ֖ת בְּנֵ֥י בִנְיָמִֽן

Heleb the son of Baanah, a Netophathite, Ittai the son of Ribai out of Gibeah of the children of Benjamin,

Nominal or particle frameasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Nominal or particle frame.
Word-by-word analysis· 10 words
חֵ֥לֶבHelebN · חֵלֶב (H2460)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)חֵלֶב (H2460) 'Heleb'.
בֶּֽןson ofN c · בֵּן (H1121)Construct chain (genitival)בֵּן (H1121) 'son of'.
בַּעֲנָ֖הBaanahN · בַּעֲנָה (H1196)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)בַּעֲנָה (H1196) 'Baanah'.
הַנְּטֹפָתִ֑יNetophathiteart + N gentilic m sg abs · נְטֹפָתִי (H5200)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)נְטֹפָתִי (H5200) 'Netophathite'.
אִתַּי֙IthaiN · אִתַּי (H863)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אִתַּי (H863) 'Ithai'.
בֶּןson ofN c · בֵּן (H1121)Construct chain (genitival)בֵּן (H1121) 'son of'.
רִיבַ֔יRibaiN · רִיבַי (H7380)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)רִיבַי (H7380) 'Ribai'.
מִגִּבְעַ֖תGibeahprep + N proper · גִּבְעָה (H1390)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)גִּבְעָה (H1390) 'Gibeah'.
בְּנֵ֥יthe sons ofN c · בֵּן (H1121)Construct chain (genitival)בֵּן (H1121) 'the sons of'.
בִנְיָמִֽןBenjaminN · בִּנְיָמִן (H1144)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)בִּנְיָמִן (H1144) 'Benjamin'.
30

בְּנָיָ֨הוּ֙ פִּרְעָ֣תֹנִ֔י הִדַּ֖י מִנַּ֥חֲלֵי גָֽעַשׁ

Benaiah the Pirathonite, Hiddai of the brooks of Gaash,

Nominal or particle frameasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Nominal or particle frame.
Word-by-word analysis· 5 words
בְּנָיָ֨הוּ֙BenaiahN · בְּנָיָה (H1141)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)בְּנָיָה (H1141) 'Benaiah'.
פִּרְעָ֣תֹנִ֔יPirathoniteN · פִּרְעָתוֹנִי (H6553)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)פִּרְעָתוֹנִי (H6553) 'Pirathonite'.
הִדַּ֖יHiddaiN · הִדַּי (H1914)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)הִדַּי (H1914) 'Hiddai'.
מִנַּ֥חֲלֵיthe brook ofprep + N com m pl constr · נַחַל (H5158)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)נַחַל (H5158) 'the brook of'.
גָֽעַשׁGaashN · גַּעַשׁ (H1608)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)גַּעַשׁ (H1608) 'Gaash'.
31

אֲבִֽי עַלְבוֹן֙ הָֽעַרְבָתִ֔י עַזְמָ֖וֶת הַבַּרְחֻמִֽי

Abialbon the Arbathite, Azmaveth the Barhumite,

Nominal or particle frameasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Nominal or particle frame.
Word-by-word analysis· 5 words
אֲבִֽיAbialbonN · אֲבִי־עַלְבוֹן (H45)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֲבִי־עַלְבוֹן (H45) 'Abialbon'.
עַלְבוֹן֙AbialbonN · אֲבִי־עַלְבוֹן (H45)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֲבִי־עַלְבוֹן (H45) 'Abialbon'.
הָֽעַרְבָתִ֔יArbahiteart + N gentilic m sg abs · עַרְבָתִי (H6164)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עַרְבָתִי (H6164) 'Arbahite'.
עַזְמָ֖וֶתAzmaveth. See alsoN · עַזְמָוֶת (H5820)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עַזְמָוֶת (H5820) 'Azmaveth. See also'.
הַבַּרְחֻמִֽיBarhumiteart + N gentilic m sg abs · בַּרְחֻמִי (H1273)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)בַּרְחֻמִי (H1273) 'Barhumite'.
32

אֶלְיַחְבָּא֙ הַשַּׁ֣עַלְבֹנִ֔י בְּנֵ֥י יָשֵׁ֖ן יְהוֹנָתָֽן

Eliahba the Shaalbonite, of the sons of Jashen, Jonathan,

Nominal or particle frameasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Nominal or particle frame.
Word-by-word analysis· 5 words
אֶלְיַחְבָּא֙EliahbahN · אֶלְיַחְבָּא (H455)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֶלְיַחְבָּא (H455) 'Eliahbah'.
הַשַּׁ֣עַלְבֹנִ֔יShaalboniteart + N gentilic m sg abs · שַׁעַלְבֹנִי (H8170)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שַׁעַלְבֹנִי (H8170) 'Shaalbonite'.
בְּנֵ֥יthe sons ofN c · בֵּן (H1121)Construct chain (genitival)בֵּן (H1121) 'the sons of'.
יָשֵׁ֖ןJashenN · יָשֵׁן (H3464)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יָשֵׁן (H3464) 'Jashen'.
יְהוֹנָתָֽןJonathan. CompareN · יְהוֹנָתָן (H3083)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוֹנָתָן (H3083) 'Jonathan. Compare'.
33

שַׁמָּה֙ הַֽהֲרָרִ֔י אֲחִיאָ֥ם בֶּן שָׁרָ֖ר הָארָרִֽי

Shammah the Hararite, Ahiam the son of Sharar the Hararite,

Nominal or particle frameasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Nominal or particle frame.
Word-by-word analysis· 6 words
שַׁמָּה֙ShammahN · שַׁמָּה (H8048)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שַׁמָּה (H8048) 'Shammah'.
הַֽהֲרָרִ֔יHarariteart + N gentilic m sg abs · הֲרָרִי (H2043)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)הֲרָרִי (H2043) 'Hararite'.
אֲחִיאָ֥םAhiamN · אֲחִיאָם (H279)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֲחִיאָם (H279) 'Ahiam'.
בֶּןson ofN c · בֵּן (H1121)Construct chain (genitival)בֵּן (H1121) 'son of'.
שָׁרָ֖רShararN · שָׁרַר (H8325)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שָׁרַר (H8325) 'Sharar'.
הָארָרִֽיHarariteN · הֲרָרִי (H2043)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)הֲרָרִי (H2043) 'Hararite'.
34

אֱלִיפֶ֥לֶט בֶּן אֲחַסְבַּ֖י בֶּן הַמַּֽעֲכָתִ֑י אֱלִיעָ֥ם בֶּן אֲחִיתֹ֖פֶל הַגִּלֹנִֽי

Eliphelet the son of Ahasbai, the son of the Maachathite, Eliam the son of Ahithophel the Gilonite,

Nominal or particle frameasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Nominal or particle frame.
Word-by-word analysis· 9 words
אֱלִיפֶ֥לֶטEliphaletN · אֱלִיפֶלֶט (H467)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֱלִיפֶלֶט (H467) 'Eliphalet'.
בֶּןson ofN c · בֵּן (H1121)Construct chain (genitival)בֵּן (H1121) 'son of'.
אֲחַסְבַּ֖יAhasbaiN · אֲחַסְבַּי (H308)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֲחַסְבַּי (H308) 'Ahasbai'.
בֶּןson ofN c · בֵּן (H1121)Construct chain (genitival)בֵּן (H1121) 'son of'.
הַמַּֽעֲכָתִ֑יthe Maacathiteart + N gentilic m sg abs · מַעֲכָתִי (H4602)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מַעֲכָתִי (H4602) 'the Maacathite'.
אֱלִיעָ֥םEliamN · אֱלִיעָם (H463)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֱלִיעָם (H463) 'Eliam'.
בֶּןson ofN c · בֵּן (H1121)Construct chain (genitival)בֵּן (H1121) 'son of'.
אֲחִיתֹ֖פֶלAhithophelN · אֲחִיתֹפֶל (H302)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֲחִיתֹפֶל (H302) 'Ahithophel'.
הַגִּלֹנִֽיGiloniteart + N gentilic m sg abs · גִּילֹנִי (H1526)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)גִּילֹנִי (H1526) 'Gilonite'.
35

חצרו חֶצְרַי֙ הַֽכַּרְמְלִ֔י פַּעֲרַ֖י הָאַרְבִּֽי

Hezrai the Carmelite, Paarai the Arbite,

Nominal or particle frameasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Nominal or particle frame.
Word-by-word analysis· 5 words
חצרוHezroN · חֶצְרוֹ (H2695)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)חֶצְרוֹ (H2695) 'Hezro'.
חֶצְרַי֙HezroN · חֶצְרוֹ (H2695)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)חֶצְרוֹ (H2695) 'Hezro'.
הַֽכַּרְמְלִ֔יCarmeliteart + N gentilic m sg abs · כַּרְמְלִי (H3761)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)כַּרְמְלִי (H3761) 'Carmelite'.
פַּעֲרַ֖יPaaraiN · פַּעֲרַי (H6474)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)פַּעֲרַי (H6474) 'Paarai'.
הָאַרְבִּֽיArbiteart + N gentilic m sg abs · אַרְבִּי (H701)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אַרְבִּי (H701) 'Arbite'.
36

יִגְאָ֤ל בֶּן נָתָן֙ מִצֹּבָ֔ה בָּנִ֖י הַגָּדִֽי

Igal the son of Nathan of Zobah, Bani the Gadite,

Nominal or particle frameasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Nominal or particle frame.
Word-by-word analysis· 6 words
יִגְאָ֤לIgalN · יִגְאָל (H3008)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יִגְאָל (H3008) 'Igal'.
בֶּןson ofN c · בֵּן (H1121)Construct chain (genitival)בֵּן (H1121) 'son of'.
נָתָן֙NathanN · נָתָן (H5416)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)נָתָן (H5416) 'Nathan'.
מִצֹּבָ֔הZobaprep + N proper · צוֹבָא (H6678)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)צוֹבָא (H6678) 'Zoba'.
בָּנִ֖יBaniN · בָּנִי (H1137)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)בָּנִי (H1137) 'Bani'.
הַגָּדִֽיthe Gaditeart + N gentilic m sg abs · גָּדִי (H1425)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)גָּדִי (H1425) 'the Gadite'.
37

צֶ֖לֶק הָעַמֹּנִ֑י נַחְרַי֙ הַבְּאֵ֣רֹתִ֔י נשאי נֹשֵׂ֕א כְּלֵ֖י יוֹאָ֥ב בֶּן צְרֻיָֽה

Zelek the Ammonite, Naharai the Beerothite, armourbearer to Joab the son of Zeruiah,

Participle — attendant circumstance or substantival actorasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Participle — attendant circumstance or substantival actor. Lead predicate is 'the bearers of'.
Word-by-word analysis· 10 words
צֶ֖לֶקZelekN · צֶלֶק (H6768)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)צֶלֶק (H6768) 'Zelek'.
הָעַמֹּנִ֑יbut the Ammonitesart + N gentilic m sg abs · עַמֹּנִי (H5984)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עַמֹּנִי (H5984) 'but the Ammonites'.
נַחְרַי֙NaharaiN · נַחֲרַי (H5171)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)נַחֲרַי (H5171) 'Naharai'.
הַבְּאֵ֣רֹתִ֔יBeerothiteart + N gentilic m sg abs · בְּאֵרֹתִי (H886)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)בְּאֵרֹתִי (H886) 'Beerothite'.
נשאיthe bearers ofQal ptc mp · נָשָׂא (H5375)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorנָשָׂא (H5375) 'the bearers of'.
נֹשֵׂ֕אlifts upQal ptc ms · נָשָׂא (H5375)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorנָשָׂא (H5375) 'lifts up'.
כְּלֵ֖יarticle ofN c · כְּלִי (H3627)Construct chain (genitival)כְּלִי (H3627) 'article of'.
יוֹאָ֥בJoabN · יוֹאָב (H3097)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יוֹאָב (H3097) 'Joab'.
בֶּןson ofN c · בֵּן (H1121)Construct chain (genitival)בֵּן (H1121) 'son of'.
צְרֻיָֽהZeruiahN · צְרוּיָה (H6870)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)צְרוּיָה (H6870) 'Zeruiah'.
38

עִירָא֙ הַיִּתְרִ֔י גָּרֵ֖ב הַיִּתְרִֽי

Ira an Ithrite, Gareb an Ithrite,

Nominal or particle frameasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Nominal or particle frame.
Word-by-word analysis· 4 words
עִירָא֙IraN · עִירָא (H5896)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עִירָא (H5896) 'Ira'.
הַיִּתְרִ֔יIthriteart + N gentilic m sg abs · יִתְרִי (H3505)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יִתְרִי (H3505) 'Ithrite'.
גָּרֵ֖בGarebN · גָּרֵב (H1619)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)גָּרֵב (H1619) 'Gareb'.
הַיִּתְרִֽיIthriteart + N gentilic m sg abs · יִתְרִי (H3505)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יִתְרִי (H3505) 'Ithrite'.
39

אֽוּרִיָּה֙ הַֽחִתִּ֔י כֹּ֖ל שְׁלֹשִׁ֥ים וְשִׁבְעָֽה

Uriah the Hittite: thirty and seven in all.

Nominal or particle frameasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Nominal or particle frame. Closes the chapter.
Word-by-word analysis· 5 words
אֽוּרִיָּה֙UriahN · אוּרִיָּה (H223)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אוּרִיָּה (H223) 'Uriah'.
הַֽחִתִּ֔יthe Hittiteart + N gentilic m sg abs · חִתִּי (H2850)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)חִתִּי (H2850) 'the Hittite'.
כֹּ֖לallN c · כֹּל (H3605)Construct chain (genitival)כֹּל (H3605) 'all'.
שְׁלֹשִׁ֥יםthirtyAdj · שְׁלֹשִׁים (H7970)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שְׁלֹשִׁים (H7970) 'thirty'.
וְשִׁבְעָֽהand sevenconj וְ + Adj c · שֶׁבַע (H7651)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שֶׁבַע (H7651) 'and seven'.