Hebrew Text · Translation · Interlinear · Discourse Structure

The Second Book of Samuel, Chapter 16שמואל ב 16

Each verse opens with the running Hebrew, an English translation, and a discourse note (its connective, relation, and role in the argument). Below follows the word-by-word breakdown in six tiers: gloss, case/state or parsing, syntax, semantic force, and a lexical note.

Case Nominative Genitive Dative Accusative Vocative Verb (no case) Indeclinable

Discourse notes head each verse: relation · connective · clause-flow. Indentation marks prominence — flush-left = main line of argument; indented = supporting / subordinate material.

Theme

2 Samuel 16 (23 verses in the MT) opens: And when David was a little past the top , behold, Ziba the servant of Mephibosheth met him, with a couple of asses saddled, and upon them two hundred of bread, and an hundred bunches of raisins, and an hundred of. The middle of the chapter continues: It may be that YHWH will look on mine affliction, and that YHWH will requite me good for his cursing this day. It closes: And the counsel of Ahithophel, which he counselled in those days, as if a man had enquired at the oracle of God: so all the counsel of Ahithophel both with David and with Absalom.

Translation & textual notes

The Hebrew base text here follows the Masoretic Text in the Leningrad tradition as represented by the Westminster Leningrad Codex / MorphHB diplomatic stream imported from OSHB; distinctively copyrighted apparatus from BHS or BHQ is not reproduced. 2 Samuel 16 comprises 23 verses in MT order. Movement I (vv. 1-5) — And when David was a little past the top , behold, Ziba the servant of M. And when David was a little past the top , behold, Ziba the servant of Mephibosheth met him, with a couple of asses saddled, and upon them two hundred of bread, and an hundred bunches of raisins, and an hundred of summer fruits, and a bottle of wine. And the king said to Ziba, What meanest you by these? And Ziba said, The asses for the king's household to. Movement II (vv. 6-10) — And he cast stones at David, and at all the servants of king David: and. And he cast stones at David, and at all the servants of king David: and all the people and all the mighty men on his right hand and on his left. And thus said Shimei when he cursed, Come out, come out, you bloody man, and you man of Belial: YHWH has returned upon you all the blood of the house of Saul, in whose stead you have reigned; and YHWH has delivered. Movement III (vv. 11-15) — And David said to Abishai, and to all his servants, Behold, my son, whic. And David said to Abishai, and to all his servants, Behold, my son, which came forth of my bowels, seeketh my life: how much more now Benjamite ? let him alone, and let him curse; for YHWH has bidden him. It may be that YHWH will look on mine affliction, and that YHWH will requite me good for his cursing this day. And as David and his men went by the way,. Movement IV (vv. 16-20) — And it came to pass, when Hushai the Archite, David's friend, was come t. And it came to pass, when Hushai the Archite, David's friend, was come to Absalom, that Hushai said to Absalom, God save the king, God save the king. And Absalom said to Hushai, this your kindness to your friend? why wentest you not with your friend? And Hushai said to Absalom, Nay; but whom YHWH, and this people, and all the men of Israel, choose, his will. Movement V (vv. 21-23) — And Ahithophel said to Absalom, Go in to your father's concubines, which. And Ahithophel said to Absalom, Go in to your father's concubines, which he has left to keep the house; and all Israel shall hear that you are abhorred of your father: then shall the hands of all that with you be strong. So they spread Absalom a tent upon the top of the house; and Absalom went in to his father's concubines in the sight of all Israel. And. Where English printed Bibles divide verses differently, this annotation follows MT versification throughout.

1

וְדָוִ֗ד עָבַ֤ר מְעַט֙ מֵֽהָרֹ֔אשׁ וְהִנֵּ֥ה צִיבָ֛א נַ֥עַר מְפִי בֹ֖שֶׁת לִקְרָאת֑וֹ וְצֶ֨מֶד חֲמֹרִ֜ים חֲבֻשִׁ֗ים וַעֲלֵיהֶם֩ מָאתַ֨יִם לֶ֜חֶם וּמֵאָ֧ה צִמּוּקִ֛ים וּמֵ֥אָה קַ֖יִץ וְנֵ֥בֶל יָֽיִן

And when David was a little past the top , behold, Ziba the servant of Mephibosheth met him, with a couple of asses saddled, and upon them two hundred of bread, and an hundred bunches of raisins, and an hundred of summer fruits, and a bottle of wine.

Qatal — perfective or stative predication
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Qatal — perfective or stative predication. Lead predicate is 'is crossing'. Opens the chapter.
Word-by-word analysis· 22 words
וְדָוִ֗דandconj וְ + N proper · דָּוִד (H1732)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)דָּוִד (H1732) 'and'.
עָבַ֤רis crossingQal perf 3ms · עָבַר (H5674)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actעָבַר (H5674) 'is crossing'.
מְעַט֙a littleN c · מְעַט (H4592)Construct chain (genitival)מְעַט (H4592) 'a little'.
מֵֽהָרֹ֔אשׁthe head ofprep + art + N com m sg abs · רֹאשׁ (H7218)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)רֹאשׁ (H7218) 'the head of'.
וְהִנֵּ֥הand beholdconj וְ + adv. · הִנֵּה (H2009)Particle or relational elementהִנֵּה (H2009) 'and behold'.
צִיבָ֛אZibaN · צִיבָא (H6717)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)צִיבָא (H6717) 'Ziba'.
נַ֥עַרa boyN c · נַעַר (H5288)Construct chain (genitival)נַעַר (H5288) 'a boy'.
מְפִיMephiboshethN · מְפִיבֹשֶׁת (H4648)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מְפִיבֹשֶׁת (H4648) 'Mephibosheth'.
בֹ֖שֶׁתMephiboshethN · מְפִיבֹשֶׁת (H4648)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מְפִיבֹשֶׁת (H4648) 'Mephibosheth'.
לִקְרָאת֑וֹhappens to beprep + Qal inf constr + sfx 3ms · קָרָא (H7122)Infinitive construct→ Infinitive construct: purpose, result, or complementקָרָא (H7122) 'happens to be'.
וְצֶ֨מֶדyoke ofconj וְ + N com m sg constr · צֶמֶד (H6776)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)צֶמֶד (H6776) 'yoke of'.
חֲמֹרִ֜יםdonkeysN c · חֲמוֹר (H2543)Construct chain (genitival)חֲמוֹר (H2543) 'donkeys'.
חֲבֻשִׁ֗יםand he saddledQal ptc mp · חָבַשׁ (H2280)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorחָבַשׁ (H2280) 'and he saddled'.
וַעֲלֵיהֶם֩and on themconj וְ + prep + sfx 3mp · עַל (H5921)Particle or relational elementעַל (H5921) 'and on them'.
מָאתַ֨יִםtwo hundredAdj · מֵאָה (H3967)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מֵאָה (H3967) 'two hundred'.
לֶ֜חֶםbreadN c · לֶחֶם (H3899)Construct chain (genitival)לֶחֶם (H3899) 'bread'.
וּמֵאָ֧הand a hundredconj וְ + Adj c · מֵאָה (H3967)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מֵאָה (H3967) 'and a hundred'.
צִמּוּקִ֛יםbunch (cluster) of raisinsN c · צַמּוּק (H6778)Construct chain (genitival)צַמּוּק (H6778) 'bunch (cluster) of raisins'.
וּמֵ֥אָהand a hundredconj וְ + Adj c · מֵאָה (H3967)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מֵאָה (H3967) 'and a hundred'.
קַ֖יִץand summerN c · קַיִץ (H7019)Construct chain (genitival)קַיִץ (H7019) 'and summer'.
וְנֵ֥בֶלandconj וְ + N com m sg constr · נֶבֶל (H5035)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)נֶבֶל (H5035) 'and'.
יָֽיִןwineN c · יַיִן (H3196)Construct chain (genitival)יַיִן (H3196) 'wine'.
2

וַיֹּ֧אמֶר הַמֶּ֛לֶךְ אֶל צִיבָ֖א מָה אֵ֣לֶּה לָּ֑ךְ וַיֹּ֣אמֶר צִ֠יבָא הַחֲמוֹרִ֨ים לְבֵית הַמֶּ֜לֶךְ לִרְכֹּ֗ב ולהלחם וְהַלֶּ֤חֶם וְהַקַּ֨יִץ֙ לֶאֱכ֣וֹל הַנְּעָרִ֔ים וְהַיַּ֕יִן לִשְׁתּ֥וֹת הַיָּעֵ֖ף בַּמִּדְבָּֽר

And the king said to Ziba, What meanest you by these? And Ziba said, The asses for the king's household to ride on; and the bread and summer fruit for the young men to eat; and the wine, that such as be faint in the wilderness may drink.

Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action. Lead predicate is 'and he said'. Speech formula or quoted address.
Word-by-word analysis· 22 words
וַיֹּ֧אמֶרand he saidconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · אָמַר (H559)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceאָמַר (H559) 'and he said'.
הַמֶּ֛לֶךְthe kingart + N com m sg abs · מֶלֶךְ (H4428)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מֶלֶךְ (H4428) 'the king'.
אֶלtoprep · אֶל (H413)Particle or relational elementאֶל (H413) 'to'.
צִיבָ֖אZibaN · צִיבָא (H6717)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)צִיבָא (H6717) 'Ziba'.
מָהwhatinterrog. · מָה (H4100)Particle or relational elementמָה (H4100) 'what'.
אֵ֣לֶּהthesedem. pron xcp · אֵלֶּה (H428)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֵלֶּה (H428) 'these'.
לָּ֑ךְto youprep + sfx 2fsParticle or relational elementFunction word: 'to you'.
וַיֹּ֣אמֶרand he saidconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · אָמַר (H559)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceאָמַר (H559) 'and he said'.
צִ֠יבָאZibaN · צִיבָא (H6717)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)צִיבָא (H6717) 'Ziba'.
הַחֲמוֹרִ֨יםand donkeysart + N com c pl abs · חֲמוֹר (H2543)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)חֲמוֹר (H2543) 'and donkeys'.
לְבֵיתby the house ofprep + N com m sg constr · בַּיִת (H1004)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)בַּיִת (H1004) 'by the house of'.
הַמֶּ֜לֶךְthe kingart + N com m sg abs · מֶלֶךְ (H4428)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מֶלֶךְ (H4428) 'the king'.
לִרְכֹּ֗בand its riderprep + Qal inf constr · רָכַב (H7392)Infinitive construct→ Infinitive construct: purpose, result, or complementרָכַב (H7392) 'and its rider'.
ולהלחםbreadconj וְ + prep + art + N com c sg abs · לֶחֶם (H3899)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)לֶחֶם (H3899) 'bread'.
וְהַלֶּ֤חֶםbreadconj וְ + art + N com c sg abs · לֶחֶם (H3899)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)לֶחֶם (H3899) 'bread'.
וְהַקַּ֨יִץ֙and summerconj וְ + art + N com m sg abs · קַיִץ (H7019)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)קַיִץ (H7019) 'and summer'.
לֶאֱכ֣וֹלyou shall eatprep + Qal inf constr · אָכַל (H398)Infinitive construct→ Infinitive construct: purpose, result, or complementאָכַל (H398) 'you shall eat'.
הַנְּעָרִ֔יםthe young menart + N com m pl abs · נַעַר (H5288)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)נַעַר (H5288) 'the young men'.
וְהַיַּ֕יִןwineconj וְ + art + N com m sg abs · יַיִן (H3196)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יַיִן (H3196) 'wine'.
לִשְׁתּ֥וֹתto drinkprep + Qal inf constr · שָׁתָה (H8354)Infinitive construct→ Infinitive construct: purpose, result, or complementשָׁתָה (H8354) 'to drink'.
הַיָּעֵ֖ףfaintart + Adj · יָעֵף (H3287)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יָעֵף (H3287) 'faint'.
בַּמִּדְבָּֽרin the wildernessprep + art + N com m sg abs · מִדְבָּר (H4057)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מִדְבָּר (H4057) 'in the wilderness'.
3

וַיֹּ֣אמֶר הַמֶּ֔לֶךְ וְאַיֵּ֖ה בֶּן אֲדֹנֶ֑יךָ וַיֹּ֨אמֶר צִיבָ֜א אֶל הַמֶּ֗לֶךְ הִנֵּה֙ יוֹשֵׁ֣ב בִּירוּשָׁלִַ֔ם כִּ֣י אָמַ֔ר הַיּ֗וֹם יָשִׁ֤יבוּ לִי֙ בֵּ֣ית יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל אֵ֖ת מַמְלְכ֥וּת אָבִֽי

And the king said, And where your master's son? And Ziba said to the king, Behold, he abideth at Jerusalem: for he said, To day shall the house of Israel restore me the kingdom of my father.

Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action. Lead predicate is 'and he said'. Speech formula or quoted address.
Word-by-word analysis· 22 words
וַיֹּ֣אמֶרand he saidconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · אָמַר (H559)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceאָמַר (H559) 'and he said'.
הַמֶּ֔לֶךְthe kingart + N com m sg abs · מֶלֶךְ (H4428)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מֶלֶךְ (H4428) 'the king'.
וְאַיֵּ֖הbut where isconj וְ + interrog. · אַיֵּה (H346)Particle or relational elementאַיֵּה (H346) 'but where is'.
בֶּןson ofN c · בֵּן (H1121)Construct chain (genitival)בֵּן (H1121) 'son of'.
אֲדֹנֶ֑יךָyour masterN c · אָדוֹן (H113)Construct chain (genitival)אָדוֹן (H113) 'your master'.
וַיֹּ֨אמֶרand he saidconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · אָמַר (H559)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceאָמַר (H559) 'and he said'.
צִיבָ֜אZibaN · צִיבָא (H6717)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)צִיבָא (H6717) 'Ziba'.
אֶלtoprep · אֶל (H413)Particle or relational elementאֶל (H413) 'to'.
הַמֶּ֗לֶךְthe kingart + N com m sg abs · מֶלֶךְ (H4428)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מֶלֶךְ (H4428) 'the king'.
הִנֵּה֙beholdadv. · הִנֵּה (H2009)Particle or relational elementהִנֵּה (H2009) 'behold'.
יוֹשֵׁ֣בdwellingQal ptc ms · יָשַׁב (H3427)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorיָשַׁב (H3427) 'dwelling'.
בִּירוּשָׁלִַ֔םin Jerusalemprep + N proper · יְרוּשָׁלִַם (H3389)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְרוּשָׁלִַם (H3389) 'in Jerusalem'.
כִּ֣יforconj וְ · כִּי (H3588)Particle or relational elementכִּי (H3588) 'for'.
אָמַ֔רhe saidQal perf 3ms · אָמַר (H559)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actאָמַר (H559) 'he said'.
הַיּ֗וֹםtodayart + N com m sg abs · יוֹם (H3117)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יוֹם (H3117) 'today'.
יָשִׁ֤יבוּthey renderHiphil impf 3mp · שׁוּב (H7725)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalשׁוּב (H7725) 'they render'.
לִי֙to meprep + sfx 1csParticle or relational elementFunction word: 'to me'.
בֵּ֣יתthe house ofN c · בַּיִת (H1004)Construct chain (genitival)בַּיִת (H1004) 'the house of'.
יִשְׂרָאֵ֔לIsraelN · יִשְׂרָאֵל (H3478)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יִשְׂרָאֵל (H3478) 'Israel'.
אֵ֖ת(obj)obj marker · אֵת (H853)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H853) '(obj)'.
מַמְלְכ֥וּתthe kingdom ofN c · מַמְלָכָה (H4468)Construct chain (genitival)מַמְלָכָה (H4468) 'the kingdom of'.
אָבִֽיmy fatherN c · אָב (H1)Construct chain (genitival)אָב (H1) 'my father'.
4

וַיֹּ֤אמֶר הַמֶּ֨לֶךְ֙ לְצִבָ֔א הִנֵּ֣ה לְךָ֔ כֹּ֖ל אֲשֶׁ֣ר לִמְפִי בֹ֑שֶׁת וַיֹּ֤אמֶר צִיבָא֙ הִֽשְׁתַּחֲוֵ֔יתִי אֶמְצָא חֵ֥ן בְּעֵינֶ֖יךָ אֲדֹנִ֥י הַמֶּֽלֶךְ

Then said the king to Ziba, Behold, your all that to Mephibosheth. And Ziba said, I humbly beseech you I may find grace in your sight, my lord, O king.

Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action. Lead predicate is 'and he said'. Speech formula or quoted address.
Word-by-word analysis· 17 words
וַיֹּ֤אמֶרand he saidconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · אָמַר (H559)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceאָמַר (H559) 'and he said'.
הַמֶּ֨לֶךְ֙the kingart + N com m sg abs · מֶלֶךְ (H4428)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מֶלֶךְ (H4428) 'the king'.
לְצִבָ֔אtoprep + N proper · צִיבָא (H6717)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)צִיבָא (H6717) 'to'.
הִנֵּ֣הbeholdadv. · הִנֵּה (H2009)Particle or relational elementהִנֵּה (H2009) 'behold'.
לְךָ֔to youprep + sfx 2msParticle or relational elementFunction word: 'to you'.
כֹּ֖לallN c · כֹּל (H3605)Construct chain (genitival)כֹּל (H3605) 'all'.
אֲשֶׁ֣רthatrel. שֶׁ · אֲשֶׁר (H834)Particle or relational elementאֲשֶׁר (H834) 'that'.
לִמְפִיtoprep + N proper · מְפִיבֹשֶׁת (H4648)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מְפִיבֹשֶׁת (H4648) 'to'.
בֹ֑שֶׁתMephiboshethN · מְפִיבֹשֶׁת (H4648)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מְפִיבֹשֶׁת (H4648) 'Mephibosheth'.
וַיֹּ֤אמֶרand he saidconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · אָמַר (H559)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceאָמַר (H559) 'and he said'.
צִיבָא֙ZibaN · צִיבָא (H6717)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)צִיבָא (H6717) 'Ziba'.
הִֽשְׁתַּחֲוֵ֔יתִיand they bowed downHishtaphel perf 1cs · שָׁחָה (H7812)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actשָׁחָה (H7812) 'and they bowed down'.
אֶמְצָאI findQal impf 1cs · מָצָא (H4672)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalמָצָא (H4672) 'I find'.
חֵ֥ןfavorN c · חֵן (H2580)Construct chain (genitival)חֵן (H2580) 'favor'.
בְּעֵינֶ֖יךָin your eyesprep + N com c du constr + sfx 2ms · עַיִן (H5869)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עַיִן (H5869) 'in your eyes'.
אֲדֹנִ֥יmy lordN c · אָדוֹן (H113)Construct chain (genitival)אָדוֹן (H113) 'my lord'.
הַמֶּֽלֶךְthe kingart + N com m sg abs · מֶלֶךְ (H4428)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מֶלֶךְ (H4428) 'the king'.
5

וּבָ֛א הַמֶּ֥לֶךְ דָּוִ֖ד עַד בַּֽחוּרִ֑ים וְהִנֵּ֣ה מִשָּׁם֩ אִ֨ישׁ יוֹצֵ֜א מִמִּשְׁפַּ֣חַת בֵּית שָׁא֗וּל וּשְׁמוֹ֙ שִׁמְעִ֣י בֶן גֵּרָ֔א יֹצֵ֥א יָצ֖וֹא וּמְקַלֵּֽל

And when king David came to Bahurim, behold, thence came out a man of the family of the house of Saul, whose name Shimei, the son of Gera: he came forth, and cursed still as he came.

Qatal — perfective or stative predication
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Qatal — perfective or stative predication. Lead predicate is 'and he shall come'.
Word-by-word analysis· 19 words
וּבָ֛אand he shall comeconj וְ + Qal perf 3ms · בּוֹא (H935)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actבּוֹא (H935) 'and he shall come'.
הַמֶּ֥לֶךְthe kingart + N com m sg abs · מֶלֶךְ (H4428)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מֶלֶךְ (H4428) 'the king'.
דָּוִ֖דDavidN · דָּוִד (H1732)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)דָּוִד (H1732) 'David'.
עַדuntilprep · עַד (H5704)Particle or relational elementעַד (H5704) 'until'.
בַּֽחוּרִ֑יםBahurimN · בַּחֻרִים (H980)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)בַּחֻרִים (H980) 'Bahurim'.
וְהִנֵּ֣הand beholdconj וְ + adv. · הִנֵּה (H2009)Particle or relational elementהִנֵּה (H2009) 'and behold'.
מִשָּׁם֩from thereprep + art · שָׁם (H8033)Particle or relational elementשָׁם (H8033) 'from there'.
אִ֨ישׁa manN c · אִישׁ (H376)Construct chain (genitival)אִישׁ (H376) 'a man'.
יוֹצֵ֜אam going outQal ptc ms · יָצָא (H3318)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorיָצָא (H3318) 'am going out'.
מִמִּשְׁפַּ֣חַתfrom the clans ofprep + N com f sg constr · מִשְׁפָּחָה (H4940)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מִשְׁפָּחָה (H4940) 'from the clans of'.
בֵּיתthe house ofN c · בַּיִת (H1004)Construct chain (genitival)בַּיִת (H1004) 'the house of'.
שָׁא֗וּלShaulN · שָׁאוּל (H7586)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שָׁאוּל (H7586) 'Shaul'.
וּשְׁמוֹ֙and his nameconj וְ + N com m sg constr + sfx 3ms · שֵׁם (H8034)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שֵׁם (H8034) 'and his name'.
שִׁמְעִ֣יand ShimeiN · שִׁמְעִי (H8096)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שִׁמְעִי (H8096) 'and Shimei'.
בֶןson ofN c · בֵּן (H1121)Construct chain (genitival)בֵּן (H1121) 'son of'.
גֵּרָ֔אGeraN · גֵּרָא (H1617)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)גֵּרָא (H1617) 'Gera'.
יֹצֵ֥אone going out (to)Qal ptc ms · יָצָא (H3318)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorיָצָא (H3318) 'one going out (to)'.
יָצ֖וֹאgoing outQal inf abs · יָצָא (H3318)Infinitive absolute→ Infinitive absolute: emphasis or attendant actionיָצָא (H3318) 'going out'.
וּמְקַלֵּֽלand whoever cursesconj וְ + Piel ptc ms · קָלַל (H7043)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorקָלַל (H7043) 'and whoever curses'.
6

וַיְסַקֵּ֤ל בָּֽאֲבָנִים֙ אֶת דָּוִ֔ד וְאֶת כָּל עַבְדֵ֖י הַמֶּ֣לֶךְ דָּוִ֑ד וְכָל הָעָם֙ וְכָל הַגִּבֹּרִ֔ים מִימִינ֖וֹ וּמִשְּׂמֹאלֽוֹ

And he cast stones at David, and at all the servants of king David: and all the people and all the mighty men on his right hand and on his left.

Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action. Lead predicate is 'surely'.
Word-by-word analysis· 15 words
וַיְסַקֵּ֤לsurelyconj וְ + Piel wayyiqtol 3ms · סָקַל (H5619)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceסָקַל (H5619) 'surely'.
בָּֽאֲבָנִים֙with stonesprep + art + N com f pl abs · אֶבֶן (H68)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֶבֶן (H68) 'with stones'.
אֶת(obj)obj marker · אֵת (H853)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H853) '(obj)'.
דָּוִ֔דDavidN · דָּוִד (H1732)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)דָּוִד (H1732) 'David'.
וְאֶתand [obj]conj וְ + obj marker · אֵת (H853)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H853) 'and [obj]'.
כָּלallN c · כֹּל (H3605)Construct chain (genitival)כֹּל (H3605) 'all'.
עַבְדֵ֖יthe servants ofN c · עֶבֶד (H5650)Construct chain (genitival)עֶבֶד (H5650) 'the servants of'.
הַמֶּ֣לֶךְthe kingart + N com m sg abs · מֶלֶךְ (H4428)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מֶלֶךְ (H4428) 'the king'.
דָּוִ֑דDavidN · דָּוִד (H1732)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)דָּוִד (H1732) 'David'.
וְכָלand allconj וְ + N com m sg constr · כֹּל (H3605)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)כֹּל (H3605) 'and all'.
הָעָם֙the peopleart + N com m sg abs · עַם (H5971)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עַם (H5971) 'the people'.
וְכָלand allconj וְ + N com m sg constr · כֹּל (H3605)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)כֹּל (H3605) 'and all'.
הַגִּבֹּרִ֔יםthe mighty menart + Adj · גִּבּוֹר (H1368)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)גִּבּוֹר (H1368) 'the mighty men'.
מִימִינ֖וֹfrom his right handprep + N com f sg constr + sfx 3ms · יָמִין (H3225)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יָמִין (H3225) 'from his right hand'.
וּמִשְּׂמֹאלֽוֹor leftconj וְ + prep + N com m sg constr + sfx 3ms · שְׂמֹאל (H8040)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שְׂמֹאל (H8040) 'or left'.
7

וְכֹֽה אָמַ֥ר שִׁמְעִ֖י בְּקַֽלְל֑וֹ צֵ֥א צֵ֛א אִ֥ישׁ הַדָּמִ֖ים וְאִ֥ישׁ הַבְּלִיָּֽעַל

And thus said Shimei when he cursed, Come out, come out, you bloody man, and you man of Belial:

Qatal — perfective or stative predication
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Qatal — perfective or stative predication. Lead predicate is 'he said'. Speech formula or quoted address.
Word-by-word analysis· 10 words
וְכֹֽהand thusconj וְ + art · כֹּה (H3541)Particle or relational elementכֹּה (H3541) 'and thus'.
אָמַ֥רhe saidQal perf 3ms · אָמַר (H559)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actאָמַר (H559) 'he said'.
שִׁמְעִ֖יand ShimeiN · שִׁמְעִי (H8096)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שִׁמְעִי (H8096) 'and Shimei'.
בְּקַֽלְל֑וֹto curseprep + Piel inf constr + sfx 3ms · קָלַל (H7043)Infinitive construct→ Infinitive construct: purpose, result, or complementקָלַל (H7043) 'to curse'.
צֵ֥אgo outQal impv 2ms · יָצָא (H3318)Predicate verb (imperative)→ Volitional: imperativeיָצָא (H3318) 'go out'.
צֵ֛אgo outQal impv 2ms · יָצָא (H3318)Predicate verb (imperative)→ Volitional: imperativeיָצָא (H3318) 'go out'.
אִ֥ישׁa manN c · אִישׁ (H376)Construct chain (genitival)אִישׁ (H376) 'a man'.
הַדָּמִ֖יםthe bloodart + N com m pl abs · דָּם (H1818)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)דָּם (H1818) 'the blood'.
וְאִ֥ישׁand a manconj וְ + N com m sg constr · אִישׁ (H376)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אִישׁ (H376) 'and a man'.
הַבְּלִיָּֽעַלworthlessnessart + N com m sg abs · בְּלִיַּעַל (H1100)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)בְּלִיַּעַל (H1100) 'worthlessness'.
8

הֵשִׁיב֩ עָלֶ֨יךָ יְהוָ֜ה כֹּ֣ל דְּמֵ֣י בֵית שָׁא֗וּל אֲשֶׁ֤ר מָלַ֨כְתָּ֙ תחתו תַּחְתָּ֔יו וַיִּתֵּ֤ן יְהוָה֙ אֶת הַמְּלוּכָ֔ה בְּיַ֖ד אַבְשָׁל֣וֹם בְּנֶ֑ךָ וְהִנְּךָ֙ בְּרָ֣עָתֶ֔ךָ כִּ֛י אִ֥ישׁ דָּמִ֖ים אָֽתָּה

YHWH has returned upon you all the blood of the house of Saul, in whose stead you have reigned; and YHWH has delivered the kingdom into the hand of Absalom your son: and, behold, you in your mischief, because you a bloody man.

Qatal — perfective or stative predicationasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Qatal — perfective or stative predication. Lead predicate is 'he brought back'.
Word-by-word analysis· 24 words
הֵשִׁיב֩he brought backHiphil perf 3ms · שׁוּב (H7725)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actשׁוּב (H7725) 'he brought back'.
עָלֶ֨יךָupon youprep + sfx 2ms · עַל (H5921)Particle or relational elementעַל (H5921) 'upon you'.
יְהוָ֜הYHWHN · יְהוָה (H3068)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוָה (H3068) 'YHWH'.
כֹּ֣לallN c · כֹּל (H3605)Construct chain (genitival)כֹּל (H3605) 'all'.
דְּמֵ֣יblood ofN c · דָּם (H1818)Construct chain (genitival)דָּם (H1818) 'blood of'.
בֵיתthe house ofN c · בַּיִת (H1004)Construct chain (genitival)בַּיִת (H1004) 'the house of'.
שָׁא֗וּלShaulN · שָׁאוּל (H7586)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שָׁאוּל (H7586) 'Shaul'.
אֲשֶׁ֤רthatrel. שֶׁ · אֲשֶׁר (H834)Particle or relational elementאֲשֶׁר (H834) 'that'.
מָלַ֨כְתָּ֙and reignedQal perf 2ms · מָלַךְ (H4427)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actמָלַךְ (H4427) 'and reigned'.
תחתוunderprep + sfx 3ms · תַּחַת (H8478)Particle or relational elementתַּחַת (H8478) 'under'.
תַּחְתָּ֔יוin his placeprep + sfx 3ms · תַּחַת (H8478)Particle or relational elementתַּחַת (H8478) 'in his place'.
וַיִּתֵּ֤ןand he gaveconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · נָתַן (H5414)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceנָתַן (H5414) 'and he gave'.
יְהוָה֙YHWHN · יְהוָה (H3068)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוָה (H3068) 'YHWH'.
אֶת(obj)obj marker · אֵת (H853)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H853) '(obj)'.
הַמְּלוּכָ֔הkingsomart + N com f sg abs · מְלוּכָה (H4410)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מְלוּכָה (H4410) 'kingsom'.
בְּיַ֖דby the hand ofprep + N com c sg constr · יָד (H3027)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יָד (H3027) 'by the hand of'.
אַבְשָׁל֣וֹםAbishalomN · אֲבִישָׁלוֹם (H53)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֲבִישָׁלוֹם (H53) 'Abishalom'.
בְּנֶ֑ךָyour sonN c · בֵּן (H1121)Construct chain (genitival)בֵּן (H1121) 'your son'.
וְהִנְּךָ֙beholdconj וְ + particle + sfx 2ms · הֵן (H2005)Particle or relational elementהֵן (H2005) 'behold'.
בְּרָ֣עָתֶ֔ךָthe evilprep + N com f sg constr + sfx 2ms · רַע (H7451)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)רַע (H7451) 'the evil'.
כִּ֛יforconj וְ · כִּי (H3588)Particle or relational elementכִּי (H3588) 'for'.
אִ֥ישׁa manN c · אִישׁ (H376)Construct chain (genitival)אִישׁ (H376) 'a man'.
דָּמִ֖יםbloodguiltN c · דָּם (H1818)Construct chain (genitival)דָּם (H1818) 'bloodguilt'.
אָֽתָּהyoupron 2ms · אַתָּה (H859)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אַתָּה (H859) 'you'.
9

וַיֹּ֨אמֶר אֲבִישַׁ֤י בֶּן צְרוּיָה֙ אֶל הַמֶּ֔לֶךְ לָ֣מָּה יְקַלֵּ֞ל הַכֶּ֤לֶב הַמֵּת֙ הַזֶּ֔ה אֶת אֲדֹנִ֖י הַמֶּ֑לֶךְ אֶעְבְּרָה נָּ֖א וְאָסִ֥ירָה אֶת רֹאשֽׁוֹ

Then said Abishai the son of Zeruiah to the king, Why should this dead dog curse my lord the king? let me go over, I pray you, and take off his head.

Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action. Lead predicate is 'and he said'. Speech formula or quoted address.
Word-by-word analysis· 19 words
וַיֹּ֨אמֶרand he saidconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · אָמַר (H559)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceאָמַר (H559) 'and he said'.
אֲבִישַׁ֤יAbishaiN · אֲבִישַׁי (H52)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֲבִישַׁי (H52) 'Abishai'.
בֶּןson ofN c · בֵּן (H1121)Construct chain (genitival)בֵּן (H1121) 'son of'.
צְרוּיָה֙ZeruiahN · צְרוּיָה (H6870)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)צְרוּיָה (H6870) 'Zeruiah'.
אֶלtoprep · אֶל (H413)Particle or relational elementאֶל (H413) 'to'.
הַמֶּ֔לֶךְthe kingart + N com m sg abs · מֶלֶךְ (H4428)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מֶלֶךְ (H4428) 'the king'.
לָ֣מָּהwhyprep + interrog. · מָה (H4100)Particle or relational elementמָה (H4100) 'why'.
יְקַלֵּ֞לcursesPiel impf 3ms · קָלַל (H7043)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalקָלַל (H7043) 'curses'.
הַכֶּ֤לֶבa dogart + N com m sg abs · כֶּלֶב (H3611)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)כֶּלֶב (H3611) 'a dog'.
הַמֵּת֙the one to dieart + Qal ptc ms · מוּת (H4191)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorמוּת (H4191) 'the one to die'.
הַזֶּ֔הthisart + dem. pron xms · זֶה (H2088)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)זֶה (H2088) 'this'.
אֶת(obj)obj marker · אֵת (H853)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H853) '(obj)'.
אֲדֹנִ֖יmy lordN c · אָדוֹן (H113)Construct chain (genitival)אָדוֹן (H113) 'my lord'.
הַמֶּ֑לֶךְthe kingart + N com m sg abs · מֶלֶךְ (H4428)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מֶלֶךְ (H4428) 'the king'.
אֶעְבְּרָהlet me pass throughQal cohortative 1cs · עָבַר (H5674)Predicate verb (weqatal / cohortative)→ Weqatal/cohortative: sequential or volitionalעָבַר (H5674) 'let me pass through'.
נָּ֖אpleaseparticle · נָא (H4994)Particle or relational elementנָא (H4994) 'please'.
וְאָסִ֥ירָהhe shall remove itconj וְ + Hiphil cohortative 1cs · סוּר (H5493)Predicate verb (weqatal / cohortative)→ Weqatal/cohortative: sequential or volitionalסוּר (H5493) 'he shall remove it'.
אֶת(obj)obj marker · אֵת (H853)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H853) '(obj)'.
רֹאשֽׁוֹhis headN c · רֹאשׁ (H7218)Construct chain (genitival)רֹאשׁ (H7218) 'his head'.
10

וַיֹּ֣אמֶר הַמֶּ֔לֶךְ מַה לִּ֥י וְלָכֶ֖ם בְּנֵ֣י צְרֻיָ֑ה כי כֹּ֣ה יְקַלֵּ֗ל וכי כִּ֤י יְהוָה֙ אָ֤מַר לוֹ֙ קַלֵּ֣ל אֶת דָּוִ֔ד וּמִ֣י יֹאמַ֔ר מַדּ֖וּעַ עָשִׂ֥יתָה כֵּֽן

And the king said, What have I to do with you, you sons of Zeruiah? so let him curse, because YHWH has said to him, Curse David. Who shall then say, Wherefore have you done so?

Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action. Lead predicate is 'and he said'. Speech formula or quoted address.
Word-by-word analysis· 23 words
וַיֹּ֣אמֶרand he saidconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · אָמַר (H559)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceאָמַר (H559) 'and he said'.
הַמֶּ֔לֶךְthe kingart + N com m sg abs · מֶלֶךְ (H4428)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מֶלֶךְ (H4428) 'the king'.
מַהwhatinterrog. · מָה (H4100)Particle or relational elementמָה (H4100) 'what'.
לִּ֥יto meprep + sfx 1csParticle or relational elementFunction word: 'to me'.
וְלָכֶ֖םand against youconj וְ + prep + sfx 2mpParticle or relational elementFunction word: 'and against you'.
בְּנֵ֣יthe sons ofN c · בֵּן (H1121)Construct chain (genitival)בֵּן (H1121) 'the sons of'.
צְרֻיָ֑הZeruiahN · צְרוּיָה (H6870)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)צְרוּיָה (H6870) 'Zeruiah'.
כיforconj וְ · כִּי (H3588)Particle or relational elementכִּי (H3588) 'for'.
כֹּ֣הthusart · כֹּה (H3541)Particle or relational elementכֹּה (H3541) 'thus'.
יְקַלֵּ֗לcursesPiel impf 3ms · קָלַל (H7043)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalקָלַל (H7043) 'curses'.
וכיand ifconj וְ + conj וְ · כִּי (H3588)Particle or relational elementכִּי (H3588) 'and if'.
כִּ֤יforconj וְ · כִּי (H3588)Particle or relational elementכִּי (H3588) 'for'.
יְהוָה֙YHWHN · יְהוָה (H3068)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוָה (H3068) 'YHWH'.
אָ֤מַרhe saidQal perf 3ms · אָמַר (H559)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actאָמַר (H559) 'he said'.
לוֹ֙to himprep + sfx 3msParticle or relational elementFunction word: 'to him'.
קַלֵּ֣לhe has cursedPiel impv 2ms · קָלַל (H7043)Predicate verb (imperative)→ Volitional: imperativeקָלַל (H7043) 'he has cursed'.
אֶת(obj)obj marker · אֵת (H853)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H853) '(obj)'.
דָּוִ֔דDavidN · דָּוִד (H1732)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)דָּוִד (H1732) 'David'.
וּמִ֣יand whoconj וְ + interrog. · מִי (H4310)Particle or relational elementמִי (H4310) 'and who'.
יֹאמַ֔רhe saysQal impf 3ms · אָמַר (H559)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalאָמַר (H559) 'he says'.
מַדּ֖וּעַwhyinterrog. · מַדּוּעַ (H4069)Particle or relational elementמַדּוּעַ (H4069) 'why'.
עָשִׂ֥יתָהto doQal perf 2ms · עָשָׂה (H6213)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actעָשָׂה (H6213) 'to do'.
כֵּֽןsoadv. · כֵּן (H3651)Particle or relational elementכֵּן (H3651) 'so'.
11

וַיֹּ֨אמֶר דָּוִ֤ד אֶל אֲבִישַׁי֙ וְאֶל כָּל עֲבָדָ֔יו הִנֵּ֥ה בְנִ֛י אֲשֶׁר יָצָ֥א מִמֵּעַ֖י מְבַקֵּ֣שׁ אֶת נַפְשִׁ֑י וְאַ֨ף כִּֽי עַתָּ֜ה בֶּן הַיְמִינִ֗י הַנִּ֤חוּ לוֹ֙ וִֽיקַלֵּ֔ל כִּ֥י אָֽמַר ל֖וֹ יְהוָֽה

And David said to Abishai, and to all his servants, Behold, my son, which came forth of my bowels, seeketh my life: how much more now Benjamite ? let him alone, and let him curse; for YHWH has bidden him.

Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action. Lead predicate is 'and he said'. Speech formula or quoted address.
Word-by-word analysis· 27 words
וַיֹּ֨אמֶרand he saidconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · אָמַר (H559)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceאָמַר (H559) 'and he said'.
דָּוִ֤דDavidN · דָּוִד (H1732)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)דָּוִד (H1732) 'David'.
אֶלtoprep · אֶל (H413)Particle or relational elementאֶל (H413) 'to'.
אֲבִישַׁי֙AbishaiN · אֲבִישַׁי (H52)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֲבִישַׁי (H52) 'Abishai'.
וְאֶלand toconj וְ + prep · אֶל (H413)Particle or relational elementאֶל (H413) 'and to'.
כָּלallN c · כֹּל (H3605)Construct chain (genitival)כֹּל (H3605) 'all'.
עֲבָדָ֔יוhis servantsN c · עֶבֶד (H5650)Construct chain (genitival)עֶבֶד (H5650) 'his servants'.
הִנֵּ֥הbeholdadv. · הִנֵּה (H2009)Particle or relational elementהִנֵּה (H2009) 'behold'.
בְנִ֛יthe sons ofN c · בֵּן (H1121)Construct chain (genitival)בֵּן (H1121) 'the sons of'.
אֲשֶׁרthatrel. שֶׁ · אֲשֶׁר (H834)Particle or relational elementאֲשֶׁר (H834) 'that'.
יָצָ֥אone going out (to)Qal perf 3ms · יָצָא (H3318)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actיָצָא (H3318) 'one going out (to)'.
מִמֵּעַ֖יfrom your bodyprep + N com m pl constr + sfx 1cs · מֵעֶה (H4578)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מֵעֶה (H4578) 'from your body'.
מְבַקֵּ֣שׁseekingPiel ptc ms · בִּקֵּשׁ (H1245)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorבִּקֵּשׁ (H1245) 'seeking'.
אֶת(obj)obj marker · אֵת (H853)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H853) '(obj)'.
נַפְשִׁ֑יmy soulN c · נֶפֶשׁ (H5315)Construct chain (genitival)נֶפֶשׁ (H5315) 'my soul'.
וְאַ֨ףand alsoconj וְ + art · אַף (H637)Particle or relational elementאַף (H637) 'and also'.
כִּֽיforconj וְ · כִּי (H3588)Particle or relational elementכִּי (H3588) 'for'.
עַתָּ֜הnowart · עַתָּה (H6258)Particle or relational elementעַתָּה (H6258) 'now'.
בֶּןa BenjaminiteN · בֶּן־יְמִינִי (H1145)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)בֶּן־יְמִינִי (H1145) 'a Benjaminite'.
הַיְמִינִ֗יthe Benjaminiteart + N gentilic m sg abs · בֶּן־יְמִינִי (H1145)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)בֶּן־יְמִינִי (H1145) 'the Benjaminite'.
הַנִּ֤חוּand you shall depositHiphil impv 2mp · נוּחַ (H3240)Predicate verb (imperative)→ Volitional: imperativeנוּחַ (H3240) 'and you shall deposit'.
לוֹ֙to himprep + sfx 3msParticle or relational elementFunction word: 'to him'.
וִֽיקַלֵּ֔לand he cursedconj וְ + Piel impf 3ms · קָלַל (H7043)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalקָלַל (H7043) 'and he cursed'.
כִּ֥יforconj וְ · כִּי (H3588)Particle or relational elementכִּי (H3588) 'for'.
אָֽמַרhe saidQal perf 3ms · אָמַר (H559)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actאָמַר (H559) 'he said'.
ל֖וֹto himprep + sfx 3msParticle or relational elementFunction word: 'to him'.
יְהוָֽהYHWHN · יְהוָה (H3068)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוָה (H3068) 'YHWH'.
12

אוּלַ֛י יִרְאֶ֥ה יְהוָ֖ה בעוני בְּעֵינִ֑י וְהֵשִׁ֨יב יְהוָ֥ה לִי֙ טוֹבָ֔ה תַּ֥חַת קִלְלָת֖וֹ הַיּ֥וֹם הַזֶּֽה

It may be that YHWH will look on mine affliction, and that YHWH will requite me good for his cursing this day.

Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-orientedasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'shall be seen'.
Word-by-word analysis· 13 words
אוּלַ֛יperhapsart · אוּלַי (H194)Particle or relational elementאוּלַי (H194) 'perhaps'.
יִרְאֶ֥הshall be seenQal impf 3ms · רָאָה (H7200)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalרָאָה (H7200) 'shall be seen'.
יְהוָ֖הYHWHN · יְהוָה (H3068)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוָה (H3068) 'YHWH'.
בעוניthe iniquity ofprep + N com c sg constr + sfx 1cs · עָוֹן (H5771)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עָוֹן (H5771) 'the iniquity of'.
בְּעֵינִ֑יin the eyes ofprep + N com m sg constr + sfx 1cs · עַיִן (H5869)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עַיִן (H5869) 'in the eyes of'.
וְהֵשִׁ֨יבand he will bring backconj וְ + Hiphil q 3ms · שׁוּב (H7725)Particle or relational elementשׁוּב (H7725) 'and he will bring back'.
יְהוָ֥הYHWHN · יְהוָה (H3068)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוָה (H3068) 'YHWH'.
לִי֙to meprep + sfx 1csParticle or relational elementFunction word: 'to me'.
טוֹבָ֔הgoodAdj · טוֹב (H2896)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)טוֹב (H2896) 'good'.
תַּ֥חַתunderprep · תַּחַת (H8478)Particle or relational elementתַּחַת (H8478) 'under'.
קִלְלָת֖וֹand the curseN c · קְלָלָה (H7045)Construct chain (genitival)קְלָלָה (H7045) 'and the curse'.
הַיּ֥וֹםtodayart + N com m sg abs · יוֹם (H3117)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יוֹם (H3117) 'today'.
הַזֶּֽהthisart + dem. pron xms · זֶה (H2088)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)זֶה (H2088) 'this'.
13

וַיֵּ֧לֶךְ דָּוִ֛ד וַאֲנָשָׁ֖יו בַּדָּ֑רֶךְ וְשִׁמְעִ֡י הֹלֵךְ֩ בְּצֵ֨לַע הָהָ֜ר לְעֻמָּת֗וֹ הָלוֹךְ֙ וַיְקַלֵּ֔ל וַיְסַקֵּ֤ל בָּֽאֲבָנִים֙ לְעֻמָּת֔וֹ וְעִפַּ֖ר בֶּעָפָֽר

And as David and his men went by the way, Shimei went along on the hill's side over against him, and cursed as he went, and threw stones at him, and cast dust.

Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action. Lead predicate is 'and he went'.
Word-by-word analysis· 16 words
וַיֵּ֧לֶךְand he wentconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · הָלַךְ (H3212)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceהָלַךְ (H3212) 'and he went'.
דָּוִ֛דDavidN · דָּוִד (H1732)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)דָּוִד (H1732) 'David'.
וַאֲנָשָׁ֖יוa manconj וְ + N com m pl constr + sfx 3ms · אִישׁ (H376)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אִישׁ (H376) 'a man'.
בַּדָּ֑רֶךְon the wayprep + art + N com c sg abs · דֶּרֶךְ (H1870)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)דֶּרֶךְ (H1870) 'on the way'.
וְשִׁמְעִ֡יand Shimeiconj וְ + N proper · שִׁמְעִי (H8096)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שִׁמְעִי (H8096) 'and Shimei'.
הֹלֵךְ֩wentQal ptc ms · הָלַךְ (H1980)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorהָלַךְ (H1980) 'went'.
בְּצֵ֨לַעthe side ofprep + N com c sg constr · צֵלָע (H6763)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)צֵלָע (H6763) 'the side of'.
הָהָ֜רthe mountainart + N com m sg abs · הַר (H2022)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)הַר (H2022) 'the mountain'.
לְעֻמָּת֗וֹcorresponding toprep + N com f sg constr + sfx 3ms · עֻמָּה (H5980)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עֻמָּה (H5980) 'corresponding to'.
הָלוֹךְ֙goingQal inf abs · הָלַךְ (H1980)Infinitive absolute→ Infinitive absolute: emphasis or attendant actionהָלַךְ (H1980) 'going'.
וַיְקַלֵּ֔לand he cursedconj וְ + Piel wayyiqtol 3ms · קָלַל (H7043)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceקָלַל (H7043) 'and he cursed'.
וַיְסַקֵּ֤לsurelyconj וְ + Piel wayyiqtol 3ms · סָקַל (H5619)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceסָקַל (H5619) 'surely'.
בָּֽאֲבָנִים֙with stonesprep + art + N com f pl abs · אֶבֶן (H68)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֶבֶן (H68) 'with stones'.
לְעֻמָּת֔וֹcorresponding toprep + N com f sg constr + sfx 3ms · עֻמָּה (H5980)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עֻמָּה (H5980) 'corresponding to'.
וְעִפַּ֖רandconj וְ + Piel q 3ms · עָפַר (H6080)Particle or relational elementעָפַר (H6080) 'and'.
בֶּעָפָֽרwith earthprep + art + N com m sg abs · עָפָר (H6083)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עָפָר (H6083) 'with earth'.
14

וַיָּבֹ֥א הַמֶּ֛לֶךְ וְכָל הָעָ֥ם אֲשֶׁר אִתּ֖וֹ עֲיֵפִ֑ים וַיִּנָּפֵ֖שׁ שָֽׁם

And the king, and all the people that with him, came weary, and refreshed themselves there.

Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action. Lead predicate is 'and he came'.
Word-by-word analysis· 9 words
וַיָּבֹ֥אand he cameconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · בּוֹא (H935)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceבּוֹא (H935) 'and he came'.
הַמֶּ֛לֶךְthe kingart + N com m sg abs · מֶלֶךְ (H4428)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מֶלֶךְ (H4428) 'the king'.
וְכָלand allconj וְ + N com m sg constr · כֹּל (H3605)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)כֹּל (H3605) 'and all'.
הָעָ֥םthe peopleart + N com m sg abs · עַם (H5971)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עַם (H5971) 'the people'.
אֲשֶׁרthatrel. שֶׁ · אֲשֶׁר (H834)Particle or relational elementאֲשֶׁר (H834) 'that'.
אִתּ֖וֹwith himprep + sfx 3ms · אֵת (H854)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H854) 'with him'.
עֲיֵפִ֑יםfaintAdj · עָיֵף (H5889)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עָיֵף (H5889) 'faint'.
וַיִּנָּפֵ֖שׁand may be refreshedconj וְ + Niphal wayyiqtol 3ms · נָפַשׁ (H5314)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceנָפַשׁ (H5314) 'and may be refreshed'.
שָֽׁםthereart · שָׁם (H8033)Particle or relational elementשָׁם (H8033) 'there'.
15

וְאַבְשָׁל֗וֹם וְכָל הָעָם֙ אִ֣ישׁ יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל בָּ֖אוּ יְרוּשָׁלִָ֑ם וַאֲחִיתֹ֖פֶל אִתּֽוֹ

And Absalom, and all the people the men of Israel, came to Jerusalem, and Ahithophel with him.

Qatal — perfective or stative predication
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Qatal — perfective or stative predication. Lead predicate is 'came'.
Word-by-word analysis· 9 words
וְאַבְשָׁל֗וֹםandconj וְ + N proper · אֲבִישָׁלוֹם (H53)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֲבִישָׁלוֹם (H53) 'and'.
וְכָלand allconj וְ + N com m sg constr · כֹּל (H3605)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)כֹּל (H3605) 'and all'.
הָעָם֙the peopleart + N com m sg abs · עַם (H5971)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עַם (H5971) 'the people'.
אִ֣ישׁa manN c · אִישׁ (H376)Construct chain (genitival)אִישׁ (H376) 'a man'.
יִשְׂרָאֵ֔לIsraelN · יִשְׂרָאֵל (H3478)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יִשְׂרָאֵל (H3478) 'Israel'.
בָּ֖אוּcameQal perf 3cp · בּוֹא (H935)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actבּוֹא (H935) 'came'.
יְרוּשָׁלִָ֑םJerusalemN · יְרוּשָׁלִַם (H3389)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְרוּשָׁלִַם (H3389) 'Jerusalem'.
וַאֲחִיתֹ֖פֶלandconj וְ + N proper · אֲחִיתֹפֶל (H302)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֲחִיתֹפֶל (H302) 'and'.
אִתּֽוֹwith himprep + sfx 3ms · אֵת (H854)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H854) 'with him'.
16

וַיְהִ֗י כַּֽאֲשֶׁר בָּ֞א חוּשַׁ֧י הָאַרְכִּ֛י רֵעֶ֥ה דָוִ֖ד אֶל אַבְשָׁל֑וֹם וַיֹּ֤אמֶר חוּשַׁי֙ אֶל אַבְשָׁלֹ֔ם יְחִ֥י הַמֶּ֖לֶךְ יְחִ֥י הַמֶּֽלֶךְ

And it came to pass, when Hushai the Archite, David's friend, was come to Absalom, that Hushai said to Absalom, God save the king, God save the king.

Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action. Wayyehî scene-setting or temporal hinge. Speech formula or quoted address.
Word-by-word analysis· 17 words
וַיְהִ֗יand it happenedconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · הָיָה (H1961)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceהָיָה (H1961) 'and it happened'.
כַּֽאֲשֶׁרjust asprep + rel. שֶׁ · אֲשֶׁר (H834)Particle or relational elementאֲשֶׁר (H834) 'just as'.
בָּ֞אcameQal perf 3ms · בּוֹא (H935)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actבּוֹא (H935) 'came'.
חוּשַׁ֧יHushaiN · חוּשַׁי (H2365)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)חוּשַׁי (H2365) 'Hushai'.
הָאַרְכִּ֛יthe Architeart + N gentilic m sg abs · אַרְכִּי (H757)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אַרְכִּי (H757) 'the Archite'.
רֵעֶ֥הfriendN c · רֵעֶה (H7463)Construct chain (genitival)רֵעֶה (H7463) 'friend'.
דָוִ֖דDavidN · דָּוִד (H1732)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)דָּוִד (H1732) 'David'.
אֶלtoprep · אֶל (H413)Particle or relational elementאֶל (H413) 'to'.
אַבְשָׁל֑וֹםAbishalomN · אֲבִישָׁלוֹם (H53)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֲבִישָׁלוֹם (H53) 'Abishalom'.
וַיֹּ֤אמֶרand he saidconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · אָמַר (H559)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceאָמַר (H559) 'and he said'.
חוּשַׁי֙HushaiN · חוּשַׁי (H2365)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)חוּשַׁי (H2365) 'Hushai'.
אֶלtoprep · אֶל (H413)Particle or relational elementאֶל (H413) 'to'.
אַבְשָׁלֹ֔םAbishalomN · אֲבִישָׁלוֹם (H53)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֲבִישָׁלוֹם (H53) 'Abishalom'.
יְחִ֥יlet him liveQal jussive 3ms · חָיָה (H2421)Predicate verb (jussive)→ Jussive: volitionalחָיָה (H2421) 'let him live'.
הַמֶּ֖לֶךְthe kingart + N com m sg abs · מֶלֶךְ (H4428)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מֶלֶךְ (H4428) 'the king'.
יְחִ֥יlet him liveQal jussive 3ms · חָיָה (H2421)Predicate verb (jussive)→ Jussive: volitionalחָיָה (H2421) 'let him live'.
הַמֶּֽלֶךְthe kingart + N com m sg abs · מֶלֶךְ (H4428)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מֶלֶךְ (H4428) 'the king'.
17

וַיֹּ֤אמֶר אַבְשָׁלוֹם֙ אֶל חוּשַׁ֔י זֶ֥ה חַסְדְּךָ֖ אֶת רֵעֶ֑ךָ לָ֥מָּה לֹֽא הָלַ֖כְתָּ אֶת רֵעֶֽךָ

And Absalom said to Hushai, this your kindness to your friend? why wentest you not with your friend?

Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action. Lead predicate is 'and he said'. Speech formula or quoted address.
Word-by-word analysis· 13 words
וַיֹּ֤אמֶרand he saidconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · אָמַר (H559)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceאָמַר (H559) 'and he said'.
אַבְשָׁלוֹם֙AbishalomN · אֲבִישָׁלוֹם (H53)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֲבִישָׁלוֹם (H53) 'Abishalom'.
אֶלtoprep · אֶל (H413)Particle or relational elementאֶל (H413) 'to'.
חוּשַׁ֔יHushaiN · חוּשַׁי (H2365)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)חוּשַׁי (H2365) 'Hushai'.
זֶ֥הthisdem. pron xms · זֶה (H2088)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)זֶה (H2088) 'this'.
חַסְדְּךָ֖your steadfast loveN c · חֶסֶד (H2617)Construct chain (genitival)חֶסֶד (H2617) 'your steadfast love'.
אֶתwithprep · אֵת (H854)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H854) 'with'.
רֵעֶ֑ךָyour neighborN c · רֵעַ (H7453)Construct chain (genitival)רֵעַ (H7453) 'your neighbor'.
לָ֥מָּהwhyprep + interrog. · מָה (H4100)Particle or relational elementמָה (H4100) 'why'.
לֹֽאnotneg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'not'.
הָלַ֖כְתָּwalkingQal perf 2ms · הָלַךְ (H1980)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actהָלַךְ (H1980) 'walking'.
אֶתwithprep · אֵת (H854)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H854) 'with'.
רֵעֶֽךָyour neighborN c · רֵעַ (H7453)Construct chain (genitival)רֵעַ (H7453) 'your neighbor'.
18

וַיֹּ֣אמֶר חוּשַׁי֮ אֶל אַבְשָׁלֹם֒ לֹ֕א כִּי֩ אֲשֶׁ֨ר בָּחַ֧ר יְהוָ֛ה וְהָעָ֥ם הַזֶּ֖ה וְכָל אִ֣ישׁ יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל לא ל֥וֹ אֶהְיֶ֖ה וְאִתּ֥וֹ אֵשֵֽׁב

And Hushai said to Absalom, Nay; but whom YHWH, and this people, and all the men of Israel, choose, his will I be, and with him will I abide.

Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action. Lead predicate is 'and he said'. Speech formula or quoted address.
Word-by-word analysis· 19 words
וַיֹּ֣אמֶרand he saidconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · אָמַר (H559)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceאָמַר (H559) 'and he said'.
חוּשַׁי֮HushaiN · חוּשַׁי (H2365)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)חוּשַׁי (H2365) 'Hushai'.
אֶלtoprep · אֶל (H413)Particle or relational elementאֶל (H413) 'to'.
אַבְשָׁלֹם֒AbishalomN · אֲבִישָׁלוֹם (H53)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֲבִישָׁלוֹם (H53) 'Abishalom'.
לֹ֕אnotneg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'not'.
כִּי֩forconj וְ · כִּי (H3588)Particle or relational elementכִּי (H3588) 'for'.
אֲשֶׁ֨רthatrel. שֶׁ · אֲשֶׁר (H834)Particle or relational elementאֲשֶׁר (H834) 'that'.
בָּחַ֧רhas chosenQal perf 3ms · בָּחַר (H977)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actבָּחַר (H977) 'has chosen'.
יְהוָ֛הYHWHN · יְהוָה (H3068)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוָה (H3068) 'YHWH'.
וְהָעָ֥םand the peopleconj וְ + art + N com m sg abs · עַם (H5971)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עַם (H5971) 'and the people'.
הַזֶּ֖הthisart + dem. pron xms · זֶה (H2088)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)זֶה (H2088) 'this'.
וְכָלand allconj וְ + N com m sg constr · כֹּל (H3605)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)כֹּל (H3605) 'and all'.
אִ֣ישׁa manN c · אִישׁ (H376)Construct chain (genitival)אִישׁ (H376) 'a man'.
יִשְׂרָאֵ֑לIsraelN · יִשְׂרָאֵל (H3478)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יִשְׂרָאֵל (H3478) 'Israel'.
לאnotneg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'not'.
ל֥וֹto himprep + sfx 3msParticle or relational elementFunction word: 'to him'.
אֶהְיֶ֖הI will beQal impf 1cs · הָיָה (H1961)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalהָיָה (H1961) 'I will be'.
וְאִתּ֥וֹand with himconj וְ + prep + sfx 3ms · אֵת (H854)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H854) 'and with him'.
אֵשֵֽׁבthe inhabitants ofQal impf 1cs · יָשַׁב (H3427)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalיָשַׁב (H3427) 'the inhabitants of'.
19

וְהַשֵּׁנִ֗ית לְמִי֙ אֲנִ֣י אֶֽעֱבֹ֔ד הֲל֖וֹא לִפְנֵ֣י בְנ֑וֹ כַּאֲשֶׁ֤ר עָבַ֨דְתִּי֙ לִפְנֵ֣י אָבִ֔יךָ כֵּ֖ן אֶהְיֶ֥ה לְפָנֶֽיךָ

And again, whom should I serve? not in the presence of his son? as I have served in your father's presence, so will I be in your presence.

Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'to serve'.
Word-by-word analysis· 14 words
וְהַשֵּׁנִ֗יתthe secondconj וְ + art + Adj · שֵׁנִי (H8145)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שֵׁנִי (H8145) 'the second'.
לְמִי֙to whomprep + interrog. · מִי (H4310)Particle or relational elementמִי (H4310) 'to whom'.
אֲנִ֣יIpron 1cs · אֲנִי (H589)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֲנִי (H589) 'I'.
אֶֽעֱבֹ֔דto serveQal impf 1cs · עָבַד (H5647)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalעָבַד (H5647) 'to serve'.
הֲל֖וֹאis it notinterrog. + neg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'is it not'.
לִפְנֵ֣יbeforeprep + N com c pl constr · פָּנִים (H6440)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)פָּנִים (H6440) 'before'.
בְנ֑וֹhis sonN c · בֵּן (H1121)Construct chain (genitival)בֵּן (H1121) 'his son'.
כַּאֲשֶׁ֤רjust asprep + rel. שֶׁ · אֲשֶׁר (H834)Particle or relational elementאֲשֶׁר (H834) 'just as'.
עָבַ֨דְתִּי֙I servedQal perf 1cs · עָבַד (H5647)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actעָבַד (H5647) 'I served'.
לִפְנֵ֣יbeforeprep + N com c pl constr · פָּנִים (H6440)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)פָּנִים (H6440) 'before'.
אָבִ֔יךָyour fatherN c · אָב (H1)Construct chain (genitival)אָב (H1) 'your father'.
כֵּ֖ןsoadv. · כֵּן (H3651)Particle or relational elementכֵּן (H3651) 'so'.
אֶהְיֶ֥הI will beQal impf 1cs · הָיָה (H1961)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalהָיָה (H1961) 'I will be'.
לְפָנֶֽיךָbefore youprep + N com c pl constr + sfx 2ms · פָּנִים (H6440)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)פָּנִים (H6440) 'before you'.
20

וַיֹּ֥אמֶר אַבְשָׁל֖וֹם אֶל אֲחִיתֹ֑פֶל הָב֥וּ לָכֶ֛ם עֵצָ֖ה מַֽה נַּעֲשֶֽׂה

Then said Absalom to Ahithophel, Give counsel among you what we shall do.

Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action. Lead predicate is 'and he said'. Speech formula or quoted address.
Word-by-word analysis· 9 words
וַיֹּ֥אמֶרand he saidconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · אָמַר (H559)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceאָמַר (H559) 'and he said'.
אַבְשָׁל֖וֹםAbishalomN · אֲבִישָׁלוֹם (H53)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֲבִישָׁלוֹם (H53) 'Abishalom'.
אֶלtoprep · אֶל (H413)Particle or relational elementאֶל (H413) 'to'.
אֲחִיתֹ֑פֶלAhithophelN · אֲחִיתֹפֶל (H302)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֲחִיתֹפֶל (H302) 'Ahithophel'.
הָב֥וּget/provideQal impv 2mp · יָהַב (H3051)Predicate verb (imperative)→ Volitional: imperativeיָהַב (H3051) 'get/provide'.
לָכֶ֛םto youprep + sfx 2mpParticle or relational elementFunction word: 'to you'.
עֵצָ֖הcounselN c · עֵצָה (H6098)Construct chain (genitival)עֵצָה (H6098) 'counsel'.
מַֽהwhatinterrog. · מָה (H4100)Particle or relational elementמָה (H4100) 'what'.
נַּעֲשֶֽׂהwe will doQal impf 1cp · עָשָׂה (H6213)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalעָשָׂה (H6213) 'we will do'.
21

וַיֹּ֤אמֶר אֲחִיתֹ֨פֶל֙ אֶל אַבְשָׁלֹ֔ם בּ֚וֹא אֶל פִּלַגְשֵׁ֣י אָבִ֔יךָ אֲשֶׁ֥ר הִנִּ֖יחַ לִשְׁמ֣וֹר הַבָּ֑יִת וְשָׁמַ֤ע כָּל יִשְׂרָאֵל֙ כִּֽי נִבְאַ֣שְׁתָּ אֶת אָבִ֔יךָ וְחָ֣זְק֔וּ יְדֵ֖י כָּל אֲשֶׁ֥ר אִתָּֽךְ

And Ahithophel said to Absalom, Go in to your father's concubines, which he has left to keep the house; and all Israel shall hear that you are abhorred of your father: then shall the hands of all that with you be strong.

Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action. Lead predicate is 'and he said'. Speech formula or quoted address.
Word-by-word analysis· 24 words
וַיֹּ֤אמֶרand he saidconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · אָמַר (H559)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceאָמַר (H559) 'and he said'.
אֲחִיתֹ֨פֶל֙AhithophelN · אֲחִיתֹפֶל (H302)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֲחִיתֹפֶל (H302) 'Ahithophel'.
אֶלtoprep · אֶל (H413)Particle or relational elementאֶל (H413) 'to'.
אַבְשָׁלֹ֔םAbishalomN · אֲבִישָׁלוֹם (H53)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֲבִישָׁלוֹם (H53) 'Abishalom'.
בּ֚וֹאcome inQal impv 2ms · בּוֹא (H935)Predicate verb (imperative)→ Volitional: imperativeבּוֹא (H935) 'come in'.
אֶלtoprep · אֶל (H413)Particle or relational elementאֶל (H413) 'to'.
פִּלַגְשֵׁ֣יand his concubineN c · פִּילֶגֶשׁ (H6370)Construct chain (genitival)פִּילֶגֶשׁ (H6370) 'and his concubine'.
אָבִ֔יךָyour fatherN c · אָב (H1)Construct chain (genitival)אָב (H1) 'your father'.
אֲשֶׁ֥רthatrel. שֶׁ · אֲשֶׁר (H834)Particle or relational elementאֲשֶׁר (H834) 'that'.
הִנִּ֖יחַhe leftHiphil perf 3ms · נוּחַ (H3240)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actנוּחַ (H3240) 'he left'.
לִשְׁמ֣וֹרand you shall keepprep + Qal inf constr · שָׁמַר (H8104)Infinitive construct→ Infinitive construct: purpose, result, or complementשָׁמַר (H8104) 'and you shall keep'.
הַבָּ֑יִתthe houseart + N com m sg abs · בַּיִת (H1004)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)בַּיִת (H1004) 'the house'.
וְשָׁמַ֤עand hearconj וְ + Qal q 3ms · שָׁמַע (H8085)Particle or relational elementשָׁמַע (H8085) 'and hear'.
כָּלallN c · כֹּל (H3605)Construct chain (genitival)כֹּל (H3605) 'all'.
יִשְׂרָאֵל֙IsraelN · יִשְׂרָאֵל (H3478)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יִשְׂרָאֵל (H3478) 'Israel'.
כִּֽיforconj וְ · כִּי (H3588)Particle or relational elementכִּי (H3588) 'for'.
נִבְאַ֣שְׁתָּand it stankN · בָּאַשׁ (H887)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)בָּאַשׁ (H887) 'and it stank'.
אֶתwithprep · אֵת (H854)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H854) 'with'.
אָבִ֔יךָyour fatherN c · אָב (H1)Construct chain (genitival)אָב (H1) 'your father'.
וְחָ֣זְק֔וּbe strongconj וְ + Qal q 3cp · חָזַק (H2388)Particle or relational elementחָזַק (H2388) 'be strong'.
יְדֵ֖יmy handN c · יָד (H3027)Construct chain (genitival)יָד (H3027) 'my hand'.
כָּלallN c · כֹּל (H3605)Construct chain (genitival)כֹּל (H3605) 'all'.
אֲשֶׁ֥רthatrel. שֶׁ · אֲשֶׁר (H834)Particle or relational elementאֲשֶׁר (H834) 'that'.
אִתָּֽךְwith youprep + sfx 2fs · אֵת (H854)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H854) 'with you'.
22

וַיַּטּ֧וּ לְאַבְשָׁל֛וֹם הָאֹ֖הֶל עַל הַגָּ֑ג וַיָּבֹ֤א אַבְשָׁלוֹם֙ אֶל פִּֽלַגְשֵׁ֣י אָבִ֔יו לְעֵינֵ֖י כָּל יִשְׂרָאֵֽל

So they spread Absalom a tent upon the top of the house; and Absalom went in to his father's concubines in the sight of all Israel.

Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action. Lead predicate is 'stretch out'.
Word-by-word analysis· 13 words
וַיַּטּ֧וּstretch outconj וְ + Hiphil wayyiqtol 3mp · נָטָה (H5186)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceנָטָה (H5186) 'stretch out'.
לְאַבְשָׁל֛וֹםtoprep + N proper · אֲבִישָׁלוֹם (H53)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֲבִישָׁלוֹם (H53) 'to'.
הָאֹ֖הֶלthe tentart + N com m sg abs · אֹהֶל (H168)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֹהֶל (H168) 'the tent'.
עַלonprep · עַל (H5921)Particle or relational elementעַל (H5921) 'on'.
הַגָּ֑גthe roofart + N com m sg abs · גָּג (H1406)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)גָּג (H1406) 'the roof'.
וַיָּבֹ֤אand he cameconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · בּוֹא (H935)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceבּוֹא (H935) 'and he came'.
אַבְשָׁלוֹם֙AbishalomN · אֲבִישָׁלוֹם (H53)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֲבִישָׁלוֹם (H53) 'Abishalom'.
אֶלtoprep · אֶל (H413)Particle or relational elementאֶל (H413) 'to'.
פִּֽלַגְשֵׁ֣יand his concubineN c · פִּילֶגֶשׁ (H6370)Construct chain (genitival)פִּילֶגֶשׁ (H6370) 'and his concubine'.
אָבִ֔יוhis fatherN c · אָב (H1)Construct chain (genitival)אָב (H1) 'his father'.
לְעֵינֵ֖יbefore the eyes ofprep + N com c du constr · עַיִן (H5869)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עַיִן (H5869) 'before the eyes of'.
כָּלallN c · כֹּל (H3605)Construct chain (genitival)כֹּל (H3605) 'all'.
יִשְׂרָאֵֽלIsraelN · יִשְׂרָאֵל (H3478)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יִשְׂרָאֵל (H3478) 'Israel'.
23

וַעֲצַ֣ת אֲחִיתֹ֗פֶל אֲשֶׁ֤ר יָעַץ֙ בַּיָּמִ֣ים הָהֵ֔ם כַּאֲשֶׁ֥ר יִשְׁאַל אִ֖ישׁ בִּדְבַ֣ר הָאֱלֹהִ֑ים כֵּ֚ן כָּל עֲצַ֣ת אֲחִיתֹ֔פֶל גַּם לְדָוִ֖ד גַּ֥ם לְאַבְשָׁלֹֽם

And the counsel of Ahithophel, which he counselled in those days, as if a man had enquired at the oracle of God: so all the counsel of Ahithophel both with David and with Absalom.

Qatal — perfective or stative predication
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Qatal — perfective or stative predication. Lead predicate is 'let me advise you'. Closes the chapter.
Word-by-word analysis· 19 words
וַעֲצַ֣תcounselconj וְ + N com f sg constr · עֵצָה (H6098)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עֵצָה (H6098) 'counsel'.
אֲחִיתֹ֗פֶלAhithophelN · אֲחִיתֹפֶל (H302)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֲחִיתֹפֶל (H302) 'Ahithophel'.
אֲשֶׁ֤רthatrel. שֶׁ · אֲשֶׁר (H834)Particle or relational elementאֲשֶׁר (H834) 'that'.
יָעַץ֙let me advise youQal perf 3ms · יָעַץ (H3289)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actיָעַץ (H3289) 'let me advise you'.
בַּיָּמִ֣יםin the daysprep + art + N com m pl abs · יוֹם (H3117)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יוֹם (H3117) 'in the days'.
הָהֵ֔םthoseart + pron 3mp · הֵמָּה (H1992)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)הֵמָּה (H1992) 'those'.
כַּאֲשֶׁ֥רjust asprep + rel. שֶׁ · אֲשֶׁר (H834)Particle or relational elementאֲשֶׁר (H834) 'just as'.
יִשְׁאַלborrowsQal impf 3ms · שָׁאַל (H7592)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalשָׁאַל (H7592) 'borrows'.
אִ֖ישׁa manN c · אִישׁ (H376)Construct chain (genitival)אִישׁ (H376) 'a man'.
בִּדְבַ֣רabout the matterprep + N com m sg constr · דָּבָר (H1697)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)דָּבָר (H1697) 'about the matter'.
הָאֱלֹהִ֑יםGodart + N com m pl abs · אֱלֹהִים (H430)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֱלֹהִים (H430) 'God'.
כֵּ֚ןsoadv. · כֵּן (H3651)Particle or relational elementכֵּן (H3651) 'so'.
כָּלallN c · כֹּל (H3605)Construct chain (genitival)כֹּל (H3605) 'all'.
עֲצַ֣תcounselN c · עֵצָה (H6098)Construct chain (genitival)עֵצָה (H6098) 'counsel'.
אֲחִיתֹ֔פֶלAhithophelN · אֲחִיתֹפֶל (H302)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֲחִיתֹפֶל (H302) 'Ahithophel'.
גַּםalsoparticle · גַּם (H1571)Particle or relational elementגַּם (H1571) 'also'.
לְדָוִ֖דtoprep + N proper · דָּוִד (H1732)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)דָּוִד (H1732) 'to'.
גַּ֥םalsoparticle · גַּם (H1571)Particle or relational elementגַּם (H1571) 'also'.
לְאַבְשָׁלֹֽםtoprep + N proper · אֲבִישָׁלוֹם (H53)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֲבִישָׁלוֹם (H53) 'to'.