Hebrew Text · Translation · Interlinear · Discourse Structure

The Second Book of Kings, Chapter 3מלכים ב 3

Each verse opens with the running Hebrew, an English translation, and a discourse note (its connective, relation, and role in the argument). Below follows the word-by-word breakdown in six tiers: gloss, case/state or parsing, syntax, semantic force, and a lexical note.

Case Nominative Genitive Dative Accusative Vocative Verb (no case) Indeclinable

Discourse notes head each verse: relation · connective · clause-flow. Indentation marks prominence — flush-left = main line of argument; indented = supporting / subordinate material.

Theme

2 Kings 3 (27 verses in the MT) opens: Now Jehoram the son of Ahab began to reign over Israel in Samaria the eighteenth year of Jehoshaphat king of Judah, and reigned twelve years. The middle of the chapter continues: And Elisha said, YHWH of hosts liveth, before whom I stand, surely, were it not that I regard the presence of Jehoshaphat the king of Judah, I would not look toward you, nor see you. It closes: Then he took his eldest son that should have reigned in his stead, and offered him a burnt offering upon the wall. And there was great indignation against Israel: and they departed from him, and returned to land.

Translation & textual notes

The Hebrew base text here follows the Masoretic Text in the Leningrad tradition as represented by the Westminster Leningrad Codex / MorphHB diplomatic stream imported from OSHB; distinctively copyrighted apparatus from BHS or BHQ is not reproduced. 2 Kings 3 comprises 27 verses in MT order. Movement I (vv. 1-6) — Now Jehoram the son of Ahab began to reign over Israel in Samaria the ei. Now Jehoram the son of Ahab began to reign over Israel in Samaria the eighteenth year of Jehoshaphat king of Judah, and reigned twelve years. And he wrought evil in the sight of YHWH; but not like his father, and like his mother: for he put away the image of Baal that his father had made. Nevertheless he cleaved to the sins of Jeroboam the son of Nebat,. Movement II (vv. 7-12) — And he went and sent to Jehoshaphat the king of Judah, saying, The king. And he went and sent to Jehoshaphat the king of Judah, saying, The king of Moab has rebelled against me: will you go with me against Moab to battle? And he said, I will go up: I as you , my people as your people, my horses as your horses. And he said, Which way shall we go up? And he answered, The way through the wilderness of Edom. So the king of Israel. Movement III (vv. 13-18) — And Elisha said to the king of Israel, What have I to do with you? get y. And Elisha said to the king of Israel, What have I to do with you? get you to the prophets of your father, and to the prophets of your mother. And the king of Israel said to him, Nay: for YHWH has called these three kings together, to deliver them into the hand of Moab. And Elisha said, YHWH of hosts liveth, before whom I stand, surely, were it not that I. Movement IV (vv. 19-24) — And you shall smite every fenced city, and every choice city, and shall. And you shall smite every fenced city, and every choice city, and shall fell every good tree, and stop all wells of water, and mar every good piece of land with stones. And it came to pass in the morning, when the meat offering was offered, that, behold, there came water by the way of Edom, and the country was filled with water. And when all the Moabites. Movement V (vv. 25-27) — And they beat down the cities, and on every good piece of land cast ever. And they beat down the cities, and on every good piece of land cast every man his stone, and filled it; and they stopped all the wells of water, and felled all the good trees: only in Kirharaseth left they the stones thereof; howbeit the slingers went about , and smote it. And when the king of Moab saw that the battle was too sore for him, he took with him. Where English printed Bibles divide verses differently, this annotation follows MT versification throughout.

1

וִיהוֹרָ֣ם בֶּן אַחְאָ֗ב מָלַ֤ךְ עַל יִשְׂרָאֵל֙ בְּשֹׁ֣מְר֔וֹן בִּשְׁנַת֙ שְׁמֹנֶ֣ה עֶשְׂרֵ֔ה לִיהוֹשָׁפָ֖ט מֶ֣לֶךְ יְהוּדָ֑ה וַיִּמְלֹ֖ךְ שְׁתֵּים עֶשְׂרֵ֥ה שָׁנָֽה

Now Jehoram the son of Ahab began to reign over Israel in Samaria the eighteenth year of Jehoshaphat king of Judah, and reigned twelve years.

Qatal — perfective or stative predication
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Qatal — perfective or stative predication. Lead predicate is 'reigned'. Opens the chapter.
Word-by-word analysis· 17 words
וִיהוֹרָ֣םJehoramconj וְ + N proper · יְהוֹרָם (H3088)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוֹרָם (H3088) 'Jehoram'.
בֶּןson ofN c · בֵּן (H1121)Construct chain (genitival)בֵּן (H1121) 'son of'.
אַחְאָ֗בAhabN · אַחְאָב (H256)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אַחְאָב (H256) 'Ahab'.
מָלַ֤ךְreignedQal perf 3ms · מָלַךְ (H4427)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actמָלַךְ (H4427) 'reigned'.
עַלonprep · עַל (H5921)Particle or relational elementעַל (H5921) 'on'.
יִשְׂרָאֵל֙IsraelN · יִשְׂרָאֵל (H3478)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יִשְׂרָאֵל (H3478) 'Israel'.
בְּשֹׁ֣מְר֔וֹןinprep + N proper · שֹׁמְרוֹן (H8111)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שֹׁמְרוֹן (H8111) 'in'.
בִּשְׁנַת֙in the year ofprep + N com f sg constr · שָׁנָה (H8141)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שָׁנָה (H8141) 'in the year of'.
שְׁמֹנֶ֣הeightAdj · שְׁמֹנֶה (H8083)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שְׁמֹנֶה (H8083) 'eight'.
עֶשְׂרֵ֔ה-teenAdj · עָשָׂר (H6240)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עָשָׂר (H6240) '-teen'.
לִיהוֹשָׁפָ֖טandprep + N proper · יְהוֹשָׁפָט (H3092)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוֹשָׁפָט (H3092) 'and'.
מֶ֣לֶךְking ofN c · מֶלֶךְ (H4428)Construct chain (genitival)מֶלֶךְ (H4428) 'king of'.
יְהוּדָ֑הJudahN · יְהוּדָה (H3063)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוּדָה (H3063) 'Judah'.
וַיִּמְלֹ֖ךְand reignedconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · מָלַךְ (H4427)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceמָלַךְ (H4427) 'and reigned'.
שְׁתֵּיםtwoAdj · שְׁנַיִם (H8147)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שְׁנַיִם (H8147) 'two'.
עֶשְׂרֵ֥ה-teenAdj · עָשָׂר (H6240)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עָשָׂר (H6240) '-teen'.
שָׁנָֽהyearsN c · שָׁנָה (H8141)Construct chain (genitival)שָׁנָה (H8141) 'years'.
2

וַיַּעֲשֶׂ֤ה הָרַע֙ בְּעֵינֵ֣י יְהוָ֔ה רַ֕ק לֹ֥א כְאָבִ֖יו וּכְאִמּ֑וֹ וַיָּ֨סַר֙ אֶת מַצְּבַ֣ת הַבַּ֔עַל אֲשֶׁ֥ר עָשָׂ֖ה אָבִֽיו

And he wrought evil in the sight of YHWH; but not like his father, and like his mother: for he put away the image of Baal that his father had made.

Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action. Lead predicate is 'and he performed it'.
Word-by-word analysis· 15 words
וַיַּעֲשֶׂ֤הand he performed itconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · עָשָׂה (H6213)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceעָשָׂה (H6213) 'and he performed it'.
הָרַע֙the evilart + Adj · רַע (H7451)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)רַע (H7451) 'the evil'.
בְּעֵינֵ֣יin the eyes ofprep + N com c du constr · עַיִן (H5869)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עַיִן (H5869) 'in the eyes of'.
יְהוָ֔הYHWHN · יְהוָה (H3068)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוָה (H3068) 'YHWH'.
רַ֕קonlyparticle · רַק (H7535)Particle or relational elementרַק (H7535) 'only'.
לֹ֥אnotneg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'not'.
כְאָבִ֖יוhis fatherprep + N com m sg constr + sfx 3ms · אָב (H1)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אָב (H1) 'his father'.
וּכְאִמּ֑וֹhis motherconj וְ + prep + N com f sg constr + sfx 3ms · אֵם (H517)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֵם (H517) 'his mother'.
וַיָּ֨סַר֙that he may removeconj וְ + Hiphil wayyiqtol 3ms · סוּר (H5493)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceסוּר (H5493) 'that he may remove'.
אֶת(obj)obj marker · אֵת (H853)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H853) '(obj)'.
מַצְּבַ֣תa pillarN c · מַצֵּבָה (H4676)Construct chain (genitival)מַצֵּבָה (H4676) 'a pillar'.
הַבַּ֔עַלthe Baalsart + N proper · בַּעַל (H1168)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)בַּעַל (H1168) 'the Baals'.
אֲשֶׁ֥רthatrel. שֶׁ · אֲשֶׁר (H834)Particle or relational elementאֲשֶׁר (H834) 'that'.
עָשָׂ֖הhe didQal perf 3ms · עָשָׂה (H6213)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actעָשָׂה (H6213) 'he did'.
אָבִֽיוhis fatherN c · אָב (H1)Construct chain (genitival)אָב (H1) 'his father'.
3

רַ֠ק בְּחַטֹּ֞אות יָרָבְעָ֧ם בֶּֽן נְבָ֛ט אֲשֶׁר הֶחֱטִ֥יא אֶת יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל דָּבֵ֑ק לֹא סָ֖ר מִמֶּֽנָּה

Nevertheless he cleaved to the sins of Jeroboam the son of Nebat, which made Israel to sin; he departed not therefrom.

Qatal — perfective or stative predicationasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Qatal — perfective or stative predication. Lead predicate is 'sins'.
Word-by-word analysis· 13 words
רַ֠קonlyparticle · רַק (H7535)Particle or relational elementרַק (H7535) 'only'.
בְּחַטֹּ֞אותas a sin offeringprep + N com f pl constr · חַטָּאת (H2403)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)חַטָּאת (H2403) 'as a sin offering'.
יָרָבְעָ֧םJeroboamN · יָרׇבְעָם (H3379)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יָרׇבְעָם (H3379) 'Jeroboam'.
בֶּֽןson ofN c · בֵּן (H1121)Construct chain (genitival)בֵּן (H1121) 'son of'.
נְבָ֛טNebatN · נְבָט (H5028)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)נְבָט (H5028) 'Nebat'.
אֲשֶׁרthatrel. שֶׁ · אֲשֶׁר (H834)Particle or relational elementאֲשֶׁר (H834) 'that'.
הֶחֱטִ֥יאsinsHiphil perf 3ms · חָטָא (H2398)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actחָטָא (H2398) 'sins'.
אֶת(obj)obj marker · אֵת (H853)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H853) '(obj)'.
יִשְׂרָאֵ֖לIsraelN · יִשְׂרָאֵל (H3478)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יִשְׂרָאֵל (H3478) 'Israel'.
דָּבֵ֑קyou shall clingQal perf 3ms · דָּבַק (H1692)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actדָּבַק (H1692) 'you shall cling'.
לֹאnotneg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'not'.
סָ֖רhe turned asideQal perf 3ms · סוּר (H5493)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actסוּר (H5493) 'he turned aside'.
מִמֶּֽנָּהof one piece with itprep + sfx 3fs · מִן (H4480)Particle or relational elementמִן (H4480) 'of one piece with it'.
4

וּמֵישַׁ֥ע מֶֽלֶךְ מוֹאָ֖ב הָיָ֣ה נֹקֵ֑ד וְהֵשִׁ֤יב לְמֶֽלֶךְ יִשְׂרָאֵל֙ מֵאָה אֶ֣לֶף כָּרִ֔ים וּמֵ֥אָה אֶ֖לֶף אֵילִ֥ים צָֽמֶר

And Mesha king of Moab was a sheepmaster, and rendered to the king of Israel an hundred thousand lambs, and an hundred thousand rams, with the wool.

Qatal — perfective or stative predication
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Qatal — perfective or stative predication. Lead predicate is 'was'.
Word-by-word analysis· 15 words
וּמֵישַׁ֥עandconj וְ + N proper · מֵישַׁע (H4338)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מֵישַׁע (H4338) 'and'.
מֶֽלֶךְking ofN c · מֶלֶךְ (H4428)Construct chain (genitival)מֶלֶךְ (H4428) 'king of'.
מוֹאָ֖בMoabN · מוֹאָב (H4124)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מוֹאָב (H4124) 'Moab'.
הָיָ֣הwasQal perf 3ms · הָיָה (H1961)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actהָיָה (H1961) 'was'.
נֹקֵ֑דherdmanN c · נֹקֵד (H5349)Construct chain (genitival)נֹקֵד (H5349) 'herdman'.
וְהֵשִׁ֤יבand he will bring backconj וְ + Hiphil q 3ms · שׁוּב (H7725)Particle or relational elementשׁוּב (H7725) 'and he will bring back'.
לְמֶֽלֶךְto the king ofprep + N com m sg constr · מֶלֶךְ (H4428)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מֶלֶךְ (H4428) 'to the king of'.
יִשְׂרָאֵל֙IsraelN · יִשְׂרָאֵל (H3478)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יִשְׂרָאֵל (H3478) 'Israel'.
מֵאָהa hundredAdj · מֵאָה (H3967)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מֵאָה (H3967) 'a hundred'.
אֶ֣לֶףthousandAdj · אֶלֶף (H505)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֶלֶף (H505) 'thousand'.
כָּרִ֔יםlambsN c · כַּר (H3733)Construct chain (genitival)כַּר (H3733) 'lambs'.
וּמֵ֥אָהand a hundredconj וְ + Adj c · מֵאָה (H3967)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מֵאָה (H3967) 'and a hundred'.
אֶ֖לֶףthousandAdj · אֶלֶף (H505)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֶלֶף (H505) 'thousand'.
אֵילִ֥יםramsN c · אַיִל (H352)Construct chain (genitival)אַיִל (H352) 'rams'.
צָֽמֶרwoolN c · צֶמֶר (H6785)Construct chain (genitival)צֶמֶר (H6785) 'wool'.
5

וַיְהִ֖י כְּמ֣וֹת אַחְאָ֑ב וַיִּפְשַׁ֥ע מֶֽלֶךְ מוֹאָ֖ב בְּמֶ֥לֶךְ יִשְׂרָאֵֽל

But it came to pass, when Ahab was dead, that the king of Moab rebelled against the king of Israel.

Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action. Wayyehî scene-setting or temporal hinge.
Word-by-word analysis· 8 words
וַיְהִ֖יand it happenedconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · הָיָה (H1961)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceהָיָה (H1961) 'and it happened'.
כְּמ֣וֹתlike the death ofprep + N com m sg constr · מָוֶת (H4194)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מָוֶת (H4194) 'like the death of'.
אַחְאָ֑בAhabN · אַחְאָב (H256)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אַחְאָב (H256) 'Ahab'.
וַיִּפְשַׁ֥עandconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · פָּשַׁע (H6586)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceפָּשַׁע (H6586) 'and'.
מֶֽלֶךְking ofN c · מֶלֶךְ (H4428)Construct chain (genitival)מֶלֶךְ (H4428) 'king of'.
מוֹאָ֖בMoabN · מוֹאָב (H4124)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מוֹאָב (H4124) 'Moab'.
בְּמֶ֥לֶךְagainst the king ofprep + N com m sg constr · מֶלֶךְ (H4428)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מֶלֶךְ (H4428) 'against the king of'.
יִשְׂרָאֵֽלIsraelN · יִשְׂרָאֵל (H3478)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יִשְׂרָאֵל (H3478) 'Israel'.
6

וַיֵּצֵ֞א הַמֶּ֧לֶךְ יְהוֹרָ֛ם בַּיּ֥וֹם הַה֖וּא מִשֹּׁמְר֑וֹן וַיִּפְקֹ֖ד אֶת כָּל יִשְׂרָאֵֽל

And king Jehoram went out of Samaria the same time, and numbered all Israel.

Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action. Lead predicate is 'and he went out'.
Word-by-word analysis· 10 words
וַיֵּצֵ֞אand he went outconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · יָצָא (H3318)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceיָצָא (H3318) 'and he went out'.
הַמֶּ֧לֶךְthe kingart + N com m sg abs · מֶלֶךְ (H4428)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מֶלֶךְ (H4428) 'the king'.
יְהוֹרָ֛םJehoramN · יְהוֹרָם (H3088)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוֹרָם (H3088) 'Jehoram'.
בַּיּ֥וֹםon the dayprep + art + N com m sg abs · יוֹם (H3117)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יוֹם (H3117) 'on the day'.
הַה֖וּאthatart + pron 3ms · הִיא (H1931)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)הִיא (H1931) 'that'.
מִשֹּׁמְר֑וֹןfromprep + N proper · שֹׁמְרוֹן (H8111)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שֹׁמְרוֹן (H8111) 'from'.
וַיִּפְקֹ֖דSo he numberedconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · פָּקַד (H6485)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceפָּקַד (H6485) 'So he numbered'.
אֶת(obj)obj marker · אֵת (H853)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H853) '(obj)'.
כָּלallN c · כֹּל (H3605)Construct chain (genitival)כֹּל (H3605) 'all'.
יִשְׂרָאֵֽלIsraelN · יִשְׂרָאֵל (H3478)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יִשְׂרָאֵל (H3478) 'Israel'.
7

וַיֵּ֡לֶךְ וַיִּשְׁלַח֩ אֶל יְהוֹשָׁפָ֨ט מֶֽלֶךְ יְהוּדָ֜ה לֵאמֹ֗ר מֶ֤לֶךְ מוֹאָב֙ פָּשַׁ֣ע בִּ֔י הֲתֵלֵ֥ךְ אִתִּ֛י אֶל מוֹאָ֖ב לַמִּלְחָמָ֑ה וַיֹּ֣אמֶר אֶעֱלֶ֔ה כָּמ֧וֹנִי כָמ֛וֹךָ כְּעַמִּ֥י כְעַמֶּ֖ךָ כְּסוּסַ֥י כְּסוּסֶֽיךָ

And he went and sent to Jehoshaphat the king of Judah, saying, The king of Moab has rebelled against me: will you go with me against Moab to battle? And he said, I will go up: I as you , my people as your people, my horses as your horses.

Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action. Lead predicate is 'and he went'. Speech formula or quoted address.
Word-by-word analysis· 24 words
וַיֵּ֡לֶךְand he wentconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · הָלַךְ (H3212)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceהָלַךְ (H3212) 'and he went'.
וַיִּשְׁלַח֩and he sentconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · שָׁלַח (H7971)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceשָׁלַח (H7971) 'and he sent'.
אֶלtoprep · אֶל (H413)Particle or relational elementאֶל (H413) 'to'.
יְהוֹשָׁפָ֨טandN · יְהוֹשָׁפָט (H3092)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוֹשָׁפָט (H3092) 'and'.
מֶֽלֶךְking ofN c · מֶלֶךְ (H4428)Construct chain (genitival)מֶלֶךְ (H4428) 'king of'.
יְהוּדָ֜הJudahN · יְהוּדָה (H3063)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוּדָה (H3063) 'Judah'.
לֵאמֹ֗רsayingprep + Qal inf constr · אָמַר (H559)Infinitive construct→ Infinitive construct: purpose, result, or complementאָמַר (H559) 'saying'.
מֶ֤לֶךְking ofN c · מֶלֶךְ (H4428)Construct chain (genitival)מֶלֶךְ (H4428) 'king of'.
מוֹאָב֙MoabN · מוֹאָב (H4124)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מוֹאָב (H4124) 'Moab'.
פָּשַׁ֣עandQal perf 3ms · פָּשַׁע (H6586)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actפָּשַׁע (H6586) 'and'.
בִּ֔יagainst meprep + sfx 1csParticle or relational elementFunction word: 'against me'.
הֲתֵלֵ֥ךְand he wentinterrog. + Qal impf 2ms · הָלַךְ (H3212)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalהָלַךְ (H3212) 'and he went'.
אִתִּ֛יwith meprep + sfx 1cs · אֵת (H854)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H854) 'with me'.
אֶלtoprep · אֶל (H413)Particle or relational elementאֶל (H413) 'to'.
מוֹאָ֖בMoabN · מוֹאָב (H4124)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מוֹאָב (H4124) 'Moab'.
לַמִּלְחָמָ֑הfor battleprep + art + N com f sg abs · מִלְחָמָה (H4421)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מִלְחָמָה (H4421) 'for battle'.
וַיֹּ֣אמֶרand he saidconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · אָמַר (H559)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceאָמַר (H559) 'and he said'.
אֶעֱלֶ֔הI will go upQal impf 1cs · עָלָה (H5927)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalעָלָה (H5927) 'I will go up'.
כָּמ֧וֹנִיlike itprep + sfx 1cs · כְּמוֹ (H3644)Particle or relational elementכְּמוֹ (H3644) 'like it'.
כָמ֛וֹךָlike youprep + sfx 2ms · כְּמוֹ (H3644)Particle or relational elementכְּמוֹ (H3644) 'like you'.
כְּעַמִּ֥יthe peopleprep + N com m sg constr + sfx 1cs · עַם (H5971)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עַם (H5971) 'the people'.
כְעַמֶּ֖ךָthe peopleprep + N com m sg constr + sfx 2ms · עַם (H5971)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עַם (H5971) 'the people'.
כְּסוּסַ֥יhorseprep + N com m pl constr + sfx 1cs · סוּס (H5483)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)סוּס (H5483) 'horse'.
כְּסוּסֶֽיךָhorseprep + N com m pl constr + sfx 2ms · סוּס (H5483)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)סוּס (H5483) 'horse'.
8

וַיֹּ֕אמֶר אֵי זֶ֥ה הַדֶּ֖רֶךְ נַעֲלֶ֑ה וַיֹּ֕אמֶר דֶּ֖רֶךְ מִדְבַּ֥ר אֱדֽוֹם

And he said, Which way shall we go up? And he answered, The way through the wilderness of Edom.

Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action. Lead predicate is 'and he said'. Speech formula or quoted address.
Word-by-word analysis· 9 words
וַיֹּ֕אמֶרand he saidconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · אָמַר (H559)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceאָמַר (H559) 'and he said'.
אֵיwhereinterrog. · אֵי (H335)Particle or relational elementאֵי (H335) 'where'.
זֶ֥הthisdem. pron xms · זֶה (H2088)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)זֶה (H2088) 'this'.
הַדֶּ֖רֶךְthe wayart + N com c sg abs · דֶּרֶךְ (H1870)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)דֶּרֶךְ (H1870) 'the way'.
נַעֲלֶ֑הwe will go upQal impf 1cp · עָלָה (H5927)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalעָלָה (H5927) 'we will go up'.
וַיֹּ֕אמֶרand he saidconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · אָמַר (H559)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceאָמַר (H559) 'and he said'.
דֶּ֖רֶךְthe way ofN c · דֶּרֶךְ (H1870)Construct chain (genitival)דֶּרֶךְ (H1870) 'the way of'.
מִדְבַּ֥רthe wilderness ofN c · מִדְבָּר (H4057)Construct chain (genitival)מִדְבָּר (H4057) 'the wilderness of'.
אֱדֽוֹםEdomN · אֱדוֹם (H123)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֱדוֹם (H123) 'Edom'.
9

וַיֵּלֶךְ֩ מֶ֨לֶךְ יִשְׂרָאֵ֤ל וּמֶֽלֶך יְהוּדָה֙ וּמֶ֣לֶךְ אֱד֔וֹם וַיָּסֹ֕בּוּ דֶּ֖רֶךְ שִׁבְעַ֣ת יָמִ֑ים וְלֹא הָיָ֨ה מַ֧יִם לַֽמַּחֲנֶ֛ה וְלַבְּהֵמָ֖ה אֲשֶׁ֥ר בְּרַגְלֵיהֶֽם

So the king of Israel went, and the king of Judah, and the king of Edom: and they fetched a compass of seven days' journey: and there was no water for the host, and for the cattle that followed them.

Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action. Lead predicate is 'and he went'.
Word-by-word analysis· 18 words
וַיֵּלֶךְ֩and he wentconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · הָלַךְ (H3212)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceהָלַךְ (H3212) 'and he went'.
מֶ֨לֶךְking ofN c · מֶלֶךְ (H4428)Construct chain (genitival)מֶלֶךְ (H4428) 'king of'.
יִשְׂרָאֵ֤לIsraelN · יִשְׂרָאֵל (H3478)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יִשְׂרָאֵל (H3478) 'Israel'.
וּמֶֽלֶךand the king ofconj וְ + N com m sg constr · מֶלֶךְ (H4428)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מֶלֶךְ (H4428) 'and the king of'.
יְהוּדָה֙JudahN · יְהוּדָה (H3063)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוּדָה (H3063) 'Judah'.
וּמֶ֣לֶךְand the king ofconj וְ + N com m sg constr · מֶלֶךְ (H4428)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מֶלֶךְ (H4428) 'and the king of'.
אֱד֔וֹםEdomN · אֱדוֹם (H123)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֱדוֹם (H123) 'Edom'.
וַיָּסֹ֕בּוּand they marched aroundconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3mp · סָבַב (H5437)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceסָבַב (H5437) 'and they marched around'.
דֶּ֖רֶךְthe way ofN c · דֶּרֶךְ (H1870)Construct chain (genitival)דֶּרֶךְ (H1870) 'the way of'.
שִׁבְעַ֣תsevenAdj · שֶׁבַע (H7651)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שֶׁבַע (H7651) 'seven'.
יָמִ֑יםdaysN c · יוֹם (H3117)Construct chain (genitival)יוֹם (H3117) 'days'.
וְלֹאand notconj וְ + neg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'and not'.
הָיָ֨הwasQal perf 3ms · הָיָה (H1961)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actהָיָה (H1961) 'was'.
מַ֧יִםwaterN c · מַיִם (H4325)Construct chain (genitival)מַיִם (H4325) 'water'.
לַֽמַּחֲנֶ֛הthe campprep + art + N com c sg abs · מַחֲנֶה (H4264)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מַחֲנֶה (H4264) 'the camp'.
וְלַבְּהֵמָ֖הor of animalconj וְ + prep + art + N com f sg abs · בְּהֵמָה (H929)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)בְּהֵמָה (H929) 'or of animal'.
אֲשֶׁ֥רthatrel. שֶׁ · אֲשֶׁר (H834)Particle or relational elementאֲשֶׁר (H834) 'that'.
בְּרַגְלֵיהֶֽםat their feetprep + N com f du constr + sfx 3mp · רֶגֶל (H7272)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)רֶגֶל (H7272) 'at their feet'.
10

וַיֹּ֖אמֶר מֶ֣לֶךְ יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל אֲהָ֕הּ כִּֽי קָרָ֣א יְהוָ֗ה לִשְׁלֹ֨שֶׁת֙ הַמְּלָכִ֣ים הָאֵ֔לֶּה לָתֵ֥ת אוֹתָ֖ם בְּיַד מוֹאָֽב

And the king of Israel said, Alas! that YHWH has called these three kings together, to deliver them into the hand of Moab!

Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action. Lead predicate is 'and he said'. Speech formula or quoted address.
Word-by-word analysis· 14 words
וַיֹּ֖אמֶרand he saidconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · אָמַר (H559)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceאָמַר (H559) 'and he said'.
מֶ֣לֶךְking ofN c · מֶלֶךְ (H4428)Construct chain (genitival)מֶלֶךְ (H4428) 'king of'.
יִשְׂרָאֵ֑לIsraelN · יִשְׂרָאֵל (H3478)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יִשְׂרָאֵל (H3478) 'Israel'.
אֲהָ֕הּAlas!particle · אֲהָהּ (H162)Particle or relational elementאֲהָהּ (H162) 'Alas!'.
כִּֽיforconj וְ · כִּי (H3588)Particle or relational elementכִּי (H3588) 'for'.
קָרָ֣אhe calledQal perf 3ms · קָרָא (H7121)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actקָרָא (H7121) 'he called'.
יְהוָ֗הYHWHN · יְהוָה (H3068)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוָה (H3068) 'YHWH'.
לִשְׁלֹ֨שֶׁת֙for threeprep + Adj c · שָׁלוֹשׁ (H7969)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שָׁלוֹשׁ (H7969) 'for three'.
הַמְּלָכִ֣יםthe kingsart + N com m pl abs · מֶלֶךְ (H4428)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מֶלֶךְ (H4428) 'the kings'.
הָאֵ֔לֶּהtheseart + dem. pron xcp · אֵלֶּה (H428)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֵלֶּה (H428) 'these'.
לָתֵ֥תto giveprep + Qal inf constr · נָתַן (H5414)Infinitive construct→ Infinitive construct: purpose, result, or complementנָתַן (H5414) 'to give'.
אוֹתָ֖םthemobj marker + sfx 3mp · אֵת (H853)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H853) 'them'.
בְּיַדby the hand ofprep + N com c sg constr · יָד (H3027)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יָד (H3027) 'by the hand of'.
מוֹאָֽבMoabN · מוֹאָב (H4124)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מוֹאָב (H4124) 'Moab'.
11

וַיֹּ֣אמֶר יְהוֹשָׁפָ֗ט הַאֵ֨ין פֹּ֤ה נָבִיא֙ לַֽיהוָ֔ה וְנִדְרְשָׁ֥ה אֶת יְהוָ֖ה מֵאוֹת֑וֹ וַ֠יַּעַן אֶחָ֞ד מֵעַבְדֵ֤י מֶֽלֶךְ יִשְׂרָאֵל֙ וַיֹּ֔אמֶר פֹּ֚ה אֱלִישָׁ֣ע בֶּן שָׁפָ֔ט אֲשֶׁר יָ֥צַק מַ֖יִם עַל יְדֵ֥י אֵלִיָּֽהוּ

But Jehoshaphat said, not here a prophet of YHWH, that we may enquire of YHWH by him? And one of the king of Israel's servants answered and said, Here Elisha the son of Shaphat, which poured water on the hands of Elijah.

Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action. Lead predicate is 'and he said'. Speech formula or quoted address.
Word-by-word analysis· 26 words
וַיֹּ֣אמֶרand he saidconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · אָמַר (H559)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceאָמַר (H559) 'and he said'.
יְהוֹשָׁפָ֗טandN · יְהוֹשָׁפָט (H3092)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוֹשָׁפָט (H3092) 'and'.
הַאֵ֨יןthere is notinterrog. + neg. · אַיִן (H369)Particle or relational elementאַיִן (H369) 'there is not'.
פֹּ֤הhereart · פֹּה (H6311)Particle or relational elementפֹּה (H6311) 'here'.
נָבִיא֙a prophetN c · נָבִיא (H5030)Construct chain (genitival)נָבִיא (H5030) 'a prophet'.
לַֽיהוָ֔הto YHWHprep + N proper · יְהוָה (H3068)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוָה (H3068) 'to YHWH'.
וְנִדְרְשָׁ֥הI will requireconj וְ + Qal cohortative 1cp · דָּרַשׁ (H1875)Predicate verb (weqatal / cohortative)→ Weqatal/cohortative: sequential or volitionalדָּרַשׁ (H1875) 'I will require'.
אֶת(obj)obj marker · אֵת (H853)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H853) '(obj)'.
יְהוָ֖הYHWHN · יְהוָה (H3068)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוָה (H3068) 'YHWH'.
מֵאוֹת֑וֹand [obj]prep + obj marker + sfx 3ms · אֵת (H853)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H853) 'and [obj]'.
וַ֠יַּעַןand answeredconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · עָנָה (H6030)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceעָנָה (H6030) 'and answered'.
אֶחָ֞דoneAdj · אֶחָד (H259)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֶחָד (H259) 'one'.
מֵעַבְדֵ֤יamong the servants ofprep + N com m pl constr · עֶבֶד (H5650)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עֶבֶד (H5650) 'among the servants of'.
מֶֽלֶךְking ofN c · מֶלֶךְ (H4428)Construct chain (genitival)מֶלֶךְ (H4428) 'king of'.
יִשְׂרָאֵל֙IsraelN · יִשְׂרָאֵל (H3478)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יִשְׂרָאֵל (H3478) 'Israel'.
וַיֹּ֔אמֶרand he saidconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · אָמַר (H559)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceאָמַר (H559) 'and he said'.
פֹּ֚הhereart · פֹּה (H6311)Particle or relational elementפֹּה (H6311) 'here'.
אֱלִישָׁ֣עElishaN · אֱלִישָׁע (H477)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֱלִישָׁע (H477) 'Elisha'.
בֶּןson ofN c · בֵּן (H1121)Construct chain (genitival)בֵּן (H1121) 'son of'.
שָׁפָ֔טShaphatN · שָׁפָט (H8202)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שָׁפָט (H8202) 'Shaphat'.
אֲשֶׁרthatrel. שֶׁ · אֲשֶׁר (H834)Particle or relational elementאֲשֶׁר (H834) 'that'.
יָ֥צַקhe shall pourQal perf 3ms · יָצַק (H3332)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actיָצַק (H3332) 'he shall pour'.
מַ֖יִםwaterN c · מַיִם (H4325)Construct chain (genitival)מַיִם (H4325) 'water'.
עַלonprep · עַל (H5921)Particle or relational elementעַל (H5921) 'on'.
יְדֵ֥יmy handN c · יָד (H3027)Construct chain (genitival)יָד (H3027) 'my hand'.
אֵלִיָּֽהוּElijahN · אֵלִיָּה (H452)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֵלִיָּה (H452) 'Elijah'.
12

וַיֹּ֨אמֶר֙ יְה֣וֹשָׁפָ֔ט יֵ֥שׁ אוֹת֖וֹ דְּבַר יְהוָ֑ה וַיֵּרְד֣וּ אֵלָ֗יו מֶ֧לֶךְ יִשְׂרָאֵ֛ל וִיהוֹשָׁפָ֖ט וּמֶ֥לֶךְ אֱדֽוֹם

And Jehoshaphat said, The word of YHWH is with him. So the king of Israel and Jehoshaphat and the king of Edom went down to him.

Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action. Lead predicate is 'and he said'. Speech formula or quoted address.
Word-by-word analysis· 13 words
וַיֹּ֨אמֶר֙and he saidconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · אָמַר (H559)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceאָמַר (H559) 'and he said'.
יְה֣וֹשָׁפָ֔טandN · יְהוֹשָׁפָט (H3092)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוֹשָׁפָט (H3092) 'and'.
יֵ֥שׁthere isadv. · יֵשׁ (H3426)Particle or relational elementיֵשׁ (H3426) 'there is'.
אוֹת֖וֹhimobj marker + sfx 3ms · אֵת (H853)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H853) 'him'.
דְּבַרthe matter ofN c · דָּבָר (H1697)Construct chain (genitival)דָּבָר (H1697) 'the matter of'.
יְהוָ֑הYHWHN · יְהוָה (H3068)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוָה (H3068) 'YHWH'.
וַיֵּרְד֣וּand they went downconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3mp · יָרַד (H3381)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceיָרַד (H3381) 'and they went down'.
אֵלָ֗יוto himprep + sfx 3ms · אֶל (H413)Particle or relational elementאֶל (H413) 'to him'.
מֶ֧לֶךְking ofN c · מֶלֶךְ (H4428)Construct chain (genitival)מֶלֶךְ (H4428) 'king of'.
יִשְׂרָאֵ֛לIsraelN · יִשְׂרָאֵל (H3478)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יִשְׂרָאֵל (H3478) 'Israel'.
וִיהוֹשָׁפָ֖טandconj וְ + N proper · יְהוֹשָׁפָט (H3092)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוֹשָׁפָט (H3092) 'and'.
וּמֶ֥לֶךְand the king ofconj וְ + N com m sg constr · מֶלֶךְ (H4428)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מֶלֶךְ (H4428) 'and the king of'.
אֱדֽוֹםEdomN · אֱדוֹם (H123)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֱדוֹם (H123) 'Edom'.
13

וַיֹּ֨אמֶר אֱלִישָׁ֜ע אֶל מֶ֤לֶךְ יִשְׂרָאֵל֙ מַה לִּ֣י וָלָ֔ךְ לֵ֚ךְ אֶל נְבִיאֵ֣י אָבִ֔יךָ וְאֶל נְבִיאֵ֖י אִמֶּ֑ךָ וַיֹּ֤אמֶר לוֹ֙ מֶ֣לֶךְ יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל אַ֗ל כִּֽי קָרָ֤א יְהוָה֙ לִשְׁלֹ֨שֶׁת֙ הַמְּלָכִ֣ים הָאֵ֔לֶּה לָתֵ֥ת אוֹתָ֖ם בְּיַד מוֹאָֽב

And Elisha said to the king of Israel, What have I to do with you? get you to the prophets of your father, and to the prophets of your mother. And the king of Israel said to him, Nay: for YHWH has called these three kings together, to deliver them into the hand of Moab.

Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action. Lead predicate is 'and he said'. Speech formula or quoted address.
Word-by-word analysis· 30 words
וַיֹּ֨אמֶרand he saidconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · אָמַר (H559)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceאָמַר (H559) 'and he said'.
אֱלִישָׁ֜עElishaN · אֱלִישָׁע (H477)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֱלִישָׁע (H477) 'Elisha'.
אֶלtoprep · אֶל (H413)Particle or relational elementאֶל (H413) 'to'.
מֶ֤לֶךְking ofN c · מֶלֶךְ (H4428)Construct chain (genitival)מֶלֶךְ (H4428) 'king of'.
יִשְׂרָאֵל֙IsraelN · יִשְׂרָאֵל (H3478)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יִשְׂרָאֵל (H3478) 'Israel'.
מַהwhatinterrog. · מָה (H4100)Particle or relational elementמָה (H4100) 'what'.
לִּ֣יto meprep + sfx 1csParticle or relational elementFunction word: 'to me'.
וָלָ֔ךְand for youconj וְ + prep + sfx 2fsParticle or relational elementFunction word: 'and for you'.
לֵ֚ךְgoQal impv 2ms · הָלַךְ (H3212)Predicate verb (imperative)→ Volitional: imperativeהָלַךְ (H3212) 'go'.
אֶלtoprep · אֶל (H413)Particle or relational elementאֶל (H413) 'to'.
נְבִיאֵ֣יa prophetN c · נָבִיא (H5030)Construct chain (genitival)נָבִיא (H5030) 'a prophet'.
אָבִ֔יךָyour fatherN c · אָב (H1)Construct chain (genitival)אָב (H1) 'your father'.
וְאֶלand toconj וְ + prep · אֶל (H413)Particle or relational elementאֶל (H413) 'and to'.
נְבִיאֵ֖יa prophetN c · נָבִיא (H5030)Construct chain (genitival)נָבִיא (H5030) 'a prophet'.
אִמֶּ֑ךָyour motherN c · אֵם (H517)Construct chain (genitival)אֵם (H517) 'your mother'.
וַיֹּ֤אמֶרand he saidconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · אָמַר (H559)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceאָמַר (H559) 'and he said'.
לוֹ֙to himprep + sfx 3msParticle or relational elementFunction word: 'to him'.
מֶ֣לֶךְking ofN c · מֶלֶךְ (H4428)Construct chain (genitival)מֶלֶךְ (H4428) 'king of'.
יִשְׂרָאֵ֔לIsraelN · יִשְׂרָאֵל (H3478)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יִשְׂרָאֵל (H3478) 'Israel'.
אַ֗לdo notneg. · אַל (H408)Particle or relational elementאַל (H408) 'do not'.
כִּֽיforconj וְ · כִּי (H3588)Particle or relational elementכִּי (H3588) 'for'.
קָרָ֤אhe calledQal perf 3ms · קָרָא (H7121)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actקָרָא (H7121) 'he called'.
יְהוָה֙YHWHN · יְהוָה (H3068)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוָה (H3068) 'YHWH'.
לִשְׁלֹ֨שֶׁת֙for threeprep + Adj c · שָׁלוֹשׁ (H7969)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שָׁלוֹשׁ (H7969) 'for three'.
הַמְּלָכִ֣יםthe kingsart + N com m pl abs · מֶלֶךְ (H4428)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מֶלֶךְ (H4428) 'the kings'.
הָאֵ֔לֶּהtheseart + dem. pron xcp · אֵלֶּה (H428)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֵלֶּה (H428) 'these'.
לָתֵ֥תto giveprep + Qal inf constr · נָתַן (H5414)Infinitive construct→ Infinitive construct: purpose, result, or complementנָתַן (H5414) 'to give'.
אוֹתָ֖םthemobj marker + sfx 3mp · אֵת (H853)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H853) 'them'.
בְּיַדby the hand ofprep + N com c sg constr · יָד (H3027)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יָד (H3027) 'by the hand of'.
מוֹאָֽבMoabN · מוֹאָב (H4124)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מוֹאָב (H4124) 'Moab'.
14

וַיֹּ֣אמֶר אֱלִישָׁ֗ע חַי יְהוָ֤ה צְבָאוֹת֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר עָמַ֣דְתִּי לְפָנָ֔יו כִּ֗י לוּלֵ֛י פְּנֵ֛י יְהוֹשָׁפָ֥ט מֶֽלֶךְ יְהוּדָ֖ה אֲנִ֣י נֹשֵׂ֑א אִם אַבִּ֥יט אֵלֶ֖יךָ וְאִם אֶרְאֶֽךָּ

And Elisha said, YHWH of hosts liveth, before whom I stand, surely, were it not that I regard the presence of Jehoshaphat the king of Judah, I would not look toward you, nor see you.

Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action. Lead predicate is 'and he said'. Speech formula or quoted address.
Word-by-word analysis· 21 words
וַיֹּ֣אמֶרand he saidconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · אָמַר (H559)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceאָמַר (H559) 'and he said'.
אֱלִישָׁ֗עElishaN · אֱלִישָׁע (H477)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֱלִישָׁע (H477) 'Elisha'.
חַיaliveAdj · חַי (H2416)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)חַי (H2416) 'alive'.
יְהוָ֤הYHWHN · יְהוָה (H3068)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוָה (H3068) 'YHWH'.
צְבָאוֹת֙of troopsN c · צָבָא (H6635)Construct chain (genitival)צָבָא (H6635) 'of troops'.
אֲשֶׁ֣רthatrel. שֶׁ · אֲשֶׁר (H834)Particle or relational elementאֲשֶׁר (H834) 'that'.
עָמַ֣דְתִּיstood/stayedQal perf 1cs · עָמַד (H5975)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actעָמַד (H5975) 'stood/stayed'.
לְפָנָ֔יוbefore himprep + N com c pl constr + sfx 3ms · פָּנִים (H6440)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)פָּנִים (H6440) 'before him'.
כִּ֗יforconj וְ · כִּי (H3588)Particle or relational elementכִּי (H3588) 'for'.
לוּלֵ֛יwere it not thatconj וְ · לוּלֵי (H3884)Particle or relational elementלוּלֵי (H3884) 'were it not that'.
פְּנֵ֛יthe face ofN c · פָּנִים (H6440)Construct chain (genitival)פָּנִים (H6440) 'the face of'.
יְהוֹשָׁפָ֥טandN · יְהוֹשָׁפָט (H3092)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוֹשָׁפָט (H3092) 'and'.
מֶֽלֶךְking ofN c · מֶלֶךְ (H4428)Construct chain (genitival)מֶלֶךְ (H4428) 'king of'.
יְהוּדָ֖הJudahN · יְהוּדָה (H3063)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוּדָה (H3063) 'Judah'.
אֲנִ֣יIpron 1cs · אֲנִי (H589)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֲנִי (H589) 'I'.
נֹשֵׂ֑אlifts upQal ptc ms · נָשָׂא (H5375)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorנָשָׂא (H5375) 'lifts up'.
אִםifconj וְ · אִם (H518)Particle or relational elementאִם (H518) 'if'.
אַבִּ֥יטfrom lookingHiphil impf 1cs · נָבַט (H5027)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalנָבַט (H5027) 'from looking'.
אֵלֶ֖יךָto youprep + sfx 2ms · אֶל (H413)Particle or relational elementאֶל (H413) 'to you'.
וְאִםand ifconj וְ + conj וְ · אִם (H518)Particle or relational elementאִם (H518) 'and if'.
אֶרְאֶֽךָּI will show youQal impf 1cs + sfx 2ms · רָאָה (H7200)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalרָאָה (H7200) 'I will show you'.
15

וְעַתָּ֖ה קְחוּ לִ֣י מְנַגֵּ֑ן וְהָיָה֙ כְּנַגֵּ֣ן הַֽמְנַגֵּ֔ן וַתְּהִ֥י עָלָ֖יו יַד יְהוָֽה

But now bring me a minstrel. And it came to pass, when the minstrel played, that the hand of YHWH came upon him.

Imperative — volitional address
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Imperative — volitional address. Lead predicate is 'take'.
Word-by-word analysis· 11 words
וְעַתָּ֖הand nowconj וְ + art · עַתָּה (H6258)Particle or relational elementעַתָּה (H6258) 'and now'.
קְחוּtakeQal impv 2mp · לָקַח (H3947)Predicate verb (imperative)→ Volitional: imperativeלָקַח (H3947) 'take'.
לִ֣יto meprep + sfx 1csParticle or relational elementFunction word: 'to me'.
מְנַגֵּ֑ןplayer on instrumentsPiel ptc ms · נָגַן (H5059)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorנָגַן (H5059) 'player on instruments'.
וְהָיָה֙and it shall beconj וְ + Qal q 3ms · הָיָה (H1961)Particle or relational elementהָיָה (H1961) 'and it shall be'.
כְּנַגֵּ֣ןplayer on instrumentsprep + Piel inf constr · נָגַן (H5059)Infinitive construct→ Infinitive construct: purpose, result, or complementנָגַן (H5059) 'player on instruments'.
הַֽמְנַגֵּ֔ןplayer on instrumentsart + Piel ptc ms · נָגַן (H5059)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorנָגַן (H5059) 'player on instruments'.
וַתְּהִ֥יand there wasconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3fs · הָיָה (H1961)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceהָיָה (H1961) 'and there was'.
עָלָ֖יוon itprep + sfx 3ms · עַל (H5921)Particle or relational elementעַל (H5921) 'on it'.
יַדthe hand ofN c · יָד (H3027)Construct chain (genitival)יָד (H3027) 'the hand of'.
יְהוָֽהYHWHN · יְהוָה (H3068)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוָה (H3068) 'YHWH'.
16

וַיֹּ֕אמֶר כֹּ֖ה אָמַ֣ר יְהוָ֑ה עָשֹׂ֛ה הַנַּ֥חַל הַזֶּ֖ה גֵּבִ֥ים גֵּבִֽים

And he said, Thus says YHWH, Make this valley full of ditches.

Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action. Lead predicate is 'and he said'. Speech formula or quoted address.
Word-by-word analysis· 9 words
וַיֹּ֕אמֶרand he saidconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · אָמַר (H559)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceאָמַר (H559) 'and he said'.
כֹּ֖הthusart · כֹּה (H3541)Particle or relational elementכֹּה (H3541) 'thus'.
אָמַ֣רhe saidQal perf 3ms · אָמַר (H559)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actאָמַר (H559) 'he said'.
יְהוָ֑הYHWHN · יְהוָה (H3068)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוָה (H3068) 'YHWH'.
עָשֹׂ֛הhe didQal inf abs · עָשָׂה (H6213)Infinitive absolute→ Infinitive absolute: emphasis or attendant actionעָשָׂה (H6213) 'he did'.
הַנַּ֥חַלthe wadiart + N com m sg abs · נַחַל (H5158)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)נַחַל (H5158) 'the wadi'.
הַזֶּ֖הthisart + dem. pron xms · זֶה (H2088)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)זֶה (H2088) 'this'.
גֵּבִ֥יםbeamN c · גֵּב (H1356)Construct chain (genitival)גֵּב (H1356) 'beam'.
גֵּבִֽיםbeamN c · גֵּב (H1356)Construct chain (genitival)גֵּב (H1356) 'beam'.
17

כִּֽי כֹ֣ה אָמַ֣ר יְהוָ֗ה לֹֽא תִרְא֥וּ ר֨וּחַ֙ וְלֹֽא תִרְא֣וּ גֶ֔שֶׁם וְהַנַּ֥חַל הַה֖וּא יִמָּ֣לֵא מָ֑יִם וּשְׁתִיתֶ֛ם אַתֶּ֥ם וּמִקְנֵיכֶ֖ם וּֽבְהֶמְתְּכֶֽם

For thus says YHWH, You shall not see wind, neither shall you see rain; yet that valley shall be filled with water, that you may drink, both you, and your cattle, and your beasts.

Qatal — perfective or stative predication
kî-clause (causal, recitative, or evidential). Qatal — perfective or stative predication. Lead predicate is 'he said'. Speech formula or quoted address.
Word-by-word analysis· 18 words
כִּֽיforconj וְ · כִּי (H3588)Particle or relational elementכִּי (H3588) 'for'.
כֹ֣הthusart · כֹּה (H3541)Particle or relational elementכֹּה (H3541) 'thus'.
אָמַ֣רhe saidQal perf 3ms · אָמַר (H559)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actאָמַר (H559) 'he said'.
יְהוָ֗הYHWHN · יְהוָה (H3068)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוָה (H3068) 'YHWH'.
לֹֽאnotneg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'not'.
תִרְא֥וּyou shall seeQal impf 2mp · רָאָה (H7200)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalרָאָה (H7200) 'you shall see'.
ר֨וּחַ֙a spirit ofN c · רוּחַ (H7307)Construct chain (genitival)רוּחַ (H7307) 'a spirit of'.
וְלֹֽאand notconj וְ + neg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'and not'.
תִרְא֣וּyou shall seeQal impf 2mp · רָאָה (H7200)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalרָאָה (H7200) 'you shall see'.
גֶ֔שֶׁםthe rainN c · גֶּשֶׁם (H1653)Construct chain (genitival)גֶּשֶׁם (H1653) 'the rain'.
וְהַנַּ֥חַלthe brook ofconj וְ + art + N com m sg abs · נַחַל (H5158)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)נַחַל (H5158) 'the brook of'.
הַה֖וּאthatart + pron 3ms · הִיא (H1931)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)הִיא (H1931) 'that'.
יִמָּ֣לֵאis ordainedN · מָלֵא (H4390)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מָלֵא (H4390) 'is ordained'.
מָ֑יִםwaterN c · מַיִם (H4325)Construct chain (genitival)מַיִם (H4325) 'water'.
וּשְׁתִיתֶ֛םthat you may drinkconj וְ + Qal q 2mp · שָׁתָה (H8354)Particle or relational elementשָׁתָה (H8354) 'that you may drink'.
אַתֶּ֥םyoupron 2mp · אַתָּה (H859)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אַתָּה (H859) 'you'.
וּמִקְנֵיכֶ֖םand your livestockconj וְ + N com m pl constr + sfx 2mp · מִקְנֶה (H4735)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מִקְנֶה (H4735) 'and your livestock'.
וּֽבְהֶמְתְּכֶֽםbeastconj וְ + N com f sg constr + sfx 2mp · בְּהֵמָה (H929)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)בְּהֵמָה (H929) 'beast'.
18

וְנָקַ֥ל זֹ֖את בְּעֵינֵ֣י יְהוָ֑ה וְנָתַ֥ן אֶת מוֹאָ֖ב בְּיֶדְכֶֽם

And this is a light thing in the sight of YHWH: he will deliver the Moabites also into your hand.

Linked non-verbal clause
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Linked non-verbal clause.
Word-by-word analysis· 8 words
וְנָקַ֥לto curseconj וְ + Niphal q 3ms · קָלַל (H7043)Particle or relational elementקָלַל (H7043) 'to curse'.
זֹ֖אתthisdem. pron xfs · זֹאת (H2063)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)זֹאת (H2063) 'this'.
בְּעֵינֵ֣יin the eyes ofprep + N com c du constr · עַיִן (H5869)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עַיִן (H5869) 'in the eyes of'.
יְהוָ֑הYHWHN · יְהוָה (H3068)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוָה (H3068) 'YHWH'.
וְנָתַ֥ןand he shall putconj וְ + Qal q 3ms · נָתַן (H5414)Particle or relational elementנָתַן (H5414) 'and he shall put'.
אֶת(obj)obj marker · אֵת (H853)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H853) '(obj)'.
מוֹאָ֖בMoabN · מוֹאָב (H4124)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מוֹאָב (H4124) 'Moab'.
בְּיֶדְכֶֽםinto your handprep + N com c sg constr + sfx 2mp · יָד (H3027)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יָד (H3027) 'into your hand'.
19

וְהִכִּיתֶ֞ם כָּל עִ֤יר מִבְצָר֙ וְכָל עִ֣יר מִבְח֔וֹר וְכָל עֵ֥ץ טוֹב֙ תַּפִּ֔ילוּ וְכָל מַעְיְנֵי מַ֖יִם תִּסְתֹּ֑מוּ וְכֹל֙ הַחֶלְקָ֣ה הַטּוֹבָ֔ה תַּכְאִ֖בוּ בָּאֲבָנִֽים

And you shall smite every fenced city, and every choice city, and shall fell every good tree, and stop all wells of water, and mar every good piece of land with stones.

Qatal — perfective or stative predication
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Qatal — perfective or stative predication. Lead predicate is 'and you strike them'.
Word-by-word analysis· 20 words
וְהִכִּיתֶ֞םand you strike themconj וְ + Hiphil perf 2mp · הִכָּה (H5221)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actהִכָּה (H5221) 'and you strike them'.
כָּלallN c · כֹּל (H3605)Construct chain (genitival)כֹּל (H3605) 'all'.
עִ֤ירthe city ofN c · עִיר (H5892)Construct chain (genitival)עִיר (H5892) 'the city of'.
מִבְצָר֙the fortress ofN c · מִבְצָר (H4013)Construct chain (genitival)מִבְצָר (H4013) 'the fortress of'.
וְכָלand allconj וְ + N com m sg constr · כֹּל (H3605)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)כֹּל (H3605) 'and all'.
עִ֣ירthe city ofN c · עִיר (H5892)Construct chain (genitival)עִיר (H5892) 'the city of'.
מִבְח֔וֹרchoiceN c · מִבְחוֹר (H4004)Construct chain (genitival)מִבְחוֹר (H4004) 'choice'.
וְכָלand allconj וְ + N com m sg constr · כֹּל (H3605)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)כֹּל (H3605) 'and all'.
עֵ֥ץwoodN c · עֵץ (H6086)Construct chain (genitival)עֵץ (H6086) 'wood'.
טוֹב֙goodAdj · טוֹב (H2896)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)טוֹב (H2896) 'good'.
תַּפִּ֔ילוּand he fellHiphil impf 2mp · נָפַל (H5307)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalנָפַל (H5307) 'and he fell'.
וְכָלand allconj וְ + N com m sg constr · כֹּל (H3605)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)כֹּל (H3605) 'and all'.
מַעְיְנֵיthe spring ofN c · מַעְיָן (H4599)Construct chain (genitival)מַעְיָן (H4599) 'the spring of'.
מַ֖יִםwaterN c · מַיִם (H4325)Construct chain (genitival)מַיִם (H4325) 'water'.
תִּסְתֹּ֑מוּstopped them upQal impf 2mp · סָתַם (H5640)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalסָתַם (H5640) 'stopped them up'.
וְכֹל֙and allconj וְ + N com m sg constr · כֹּל (H3605)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)כֹּל (H3605) 'and all'.
הַחֶלְקָ֣הthe portion ofart + N com f sg abs · חֶלְקָה (H2513)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)חֶלְקָה (H2513) 'the portion of'.
הַטּוֹבָ֔הthe goodart + Adj · טוֹב (H2896)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)טוֹב (H2896) 'the good'.
תַּכְאִ֖בוּin painHiphil impf 2mp · כָּאַב (H3510)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalכָּאַב (H3510) 'in pain'.
בָּאֲבָנִֽיםwith stonesprep + art + N com f pl abs · אֶבֶן (H68)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֶבֶן (H68) 'with stones'.
20

וַיְהִ֤י בַבֹּ֨קֶר֙ כַּעֲל֣וֹת הַמִּנְחָ֔ה וְהִנֵּה מַ֥יִם בָּאִ֖ים מִדֶּ֣רֶךְ אֱד֑וֹם וַתִּמָּלֵ֥א הָאָ֖רֶץ אֶת הַמָּֽיִם

And it came to pass in the morning, when the meat offering was offered, that, behold, there came water by the way of Edom, and the country was filled with water.

Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action. Wayyehî scene-setting or temporal hinge.
Word-by-word analysis· 13 words
וַיְהִ֤יand it happenedconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · הָיָה (H1961)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceהָיָה (H1961) 'and it happened'.
בַבֹּ֨קֶר֙in the morningprep + art + N com m sg abs · בֹּקֶר (H1242)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)בֹּקֶר (H1242) 'in the morning'.
כַּעֲל֣וֹתwhen they came upprep + Qal inf constr · עָלָה (H5927)Infinitive construct→ Infinitive construct: purpose, result, or complementעָלָה (H5927) 'when they came up'.
הַמִּנְחָ֔הthe grain offeringart + N com f sg abs · מִנְחָה (H4503)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מִנְחָה (H4503) 'the grain offering'.
וְהִנֵּהand beholdconj וְ + adv. · הִנֵּה (H2009)Particle or relational elementהִנֵּה (H2009) 'and behold'.
מַ֥יִםwaterN c · מַיִם (H4325)Construct chain (genitival)מַיִם (H4325) 'water'.
בָּאִ֖יםare enteringQal ptc mp · בּוֹא (H935)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorבּוֹא (H935) 'are entering'.
מִדֶּ֣רֶךְfrom the way ofprep + N com c sg constr · דֶּרֶךְ (H1870)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)דֶּרֶךְ (H1870) 'from the way of'.
אֱד֑וֹםEdomN · אֱדוֹם (H123)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֱדוֹם (H123) 'Edom'.
וַתִּמָּלֵ֥אand was filledconj וְ + Niphal wayyiqtol 3fs · מָלֵא (H4390)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceמָלֵא (H4390) 'and was filled'.
הָאָ֖רֶץthe landart + N com c sg abs · אֶרֶץ (H776)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֶרֶץ (H776) 'the land'.
אֶת(obj)obj marker · אֵת (H853)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H853) '(obj)'.
הַמָּֽיִםthe watersart + N com m pl abs · מַיִם (H4325)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מַיִם (H4325) 'the waters'.
21

וְכָל מוֹאָב֙ שָֽׁמְע֔וּ כִּֽי עָל֥וּ הַמְּלָכִ֖ים לְהִלָּ֣חֶם בָּ֑ם וַיִּצָּעֲק֗וּ מִכֹּ֨ל חֹגֵ֤ר חֲגֹרָה֙ וָמַ֔עְלָה וַיַּעַמְד֖וּ עַֽל הַגְּבֽוּל

And when all the Moabites heard that the kings were come up to fight against them, they gathered all that were able to put on armour, and upward, and stood in the border.

Qatal — perfective or stative predication
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Qatal — perfective or stative predication. Lead predicate is 'his hearing'.
Word-by-word analysis· 16 words
וְכָלand allconj וְ + N com m sg constr · כֹּל (H3605)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)כֹּל (H3605) 'and all'.
מוֹאָב֙MoabN · מוֹאָב (H4124)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מוֹאָב (H4124) 'Moab'.
שָֽׁמְע֔וּhis hearingQal perf 3cp · שָׁמַע (H8085)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actשָׁמַע (H8085) 'his hearing'.
כִּֽיforconj וְ · כִּי (H3588)Particle or relational elementכִּי (H3588) 'for'.
עָל֥וּwent upQal perf 3cp · עָלָה (H5927)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actעָלָה (H5927) 'went up'.
הַמְּלָכִ֖יםthe kingsart + N com m pl abs · מֶלֶךְ (H4428)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מֶלֶךְ (H4428) 'the kings'.
לְהִלָּ֣חֶםto fightprep + Niphal inf constr · לָחַם (H3898)Infinitive construct→ Infinitive construct: purpose, result, or complementלָחַם (H3898) 'to fight'.
בָּ֑םagainst themprep + sfx 3mpParticle or relational elementFunction word: 'against them'.
וַיִּצָּעֲק֗וּand they cried outconj וְ + Niphal wayyiqtol 3mp · צָעַק (H6817)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceצָעַק (H6817) 'and they cried out'.
מִכֹּ֨לfrom allprep + N com m sg constr · כֹּל (H3605)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)כֹּל (H3605) 'from all'.
חֹגֵ֤רgirdedQal ptc ms · חָגַר (H2296)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorחָגַר (H2296) 'girded'.
חֲגֹרָה֙loinclothsN c · חֲגֹרָה (H2290)Construct chain (genitival)חֲגֹרָה (H2290) 'loincloths'.
וָמַ֔עְלָהand upwardconj וְ + art + Sd · מַעְלָה (H4605)Particle or relational elementמַעְלָה (H4605) 'and upward'.
וַיַּעַמְד֖וּand they stoodconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3mp · עָמַד (H5975)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceעָמַד (H5975) 'and they stood'.
עַֽלonprep · עַל (H5921)Particle or relational elementעַל (H5921) 'on'.
הַגְּבֽוּלthe borderart + N com m sg abs · גְּבוּל (H1366)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)גְּבוּל (H1366) 'the border'.
22

וַיַּשְׁכִּ֣ימוּ בַבֹּ֔קֶר וְהַשֶּׁ֖מֶשׁ זָרְחָ֣ה עַל הַמָּ֑יִם וַיִּרְא֨וּ מוֹאָ֥ב מִנֶּ֛גֶד אֶת הַמַּ֖יִם אֲדֻמִּ֥ים כַּדָּֽם

And they rose up early in the morning, and the sun shone upon the water, and the Moabites saw the water on the other side red as blood:

Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action. Lead predicate is 'and they rose early'.
Word-by-word analysis· 13 words
וַיַּשְׁכִּ֣ימוּand they rose earlyconj וְ + Hiphil wayyiqtol 3mp · שָׁכַם (H7925)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceשָׁכַם (H7925) 'and they rose early'.
בַבֹּ֔קֶרin the morningprep + art + N com m sg abs · בֹּקֶר (H1242)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)בֹּקֶר (H1242) 'in the morning'.
וְהַשֶּׁ֖מֶשׁthe sunconj וְ + art + N com c sg abs · שֶׁמֶשׁ (H8121)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שֶׁמֶשׁ (H8121) 'the sun'.
זָרְחָ֣הhas risenQal perf 3fs · זָרַח (H2224)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actזָרַח (H2224) 'has risen'.
עַלonprep · עַל (H5921)Particle or relational elementעַל (H5921) 'on'.
הַמָּ֑יִםthe watersart + N com m pl abs · מַיִם (H4325)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מַיִם (H4325) 'the waters'.
וַיִּרְא֨וּand they sawconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3mp · רָאָה (H7200)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceרָאָה (H7200) 'and they saw'.
מוֹאָ֥בMoabN · מוֹאָב (H4124)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מוֹאָב (H4124) 'Moab'.
מִנֶּ֛גֶדat a distanceprep + prep · נֶגֶד (H5048)Particle or relational elementנֶגֶד (H5048) 'at a distance'.
אֶת(obj)obj marker · אֵת (H853)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H853) '(obj)'.
הַמַּ֖יִםthe watersart + N com m pl abs · מַיִם (H4325)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מַיִם (H4325) 'the waters'.
אֲדֻמִּ֥יםthe red [thing]Adj · אָדֹם (H122)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אָדֹם (H122) 'the red [thing]'.
כַּדָּֽםthe bloodprep + art + N com m sg abs · דָּם (H1818)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)דָּם (H1818) 'the blood'.
23

וַיֹּֽאמְרוּ֙ דָּ֣ם זֶ֔ה הָחֳרֵ֤ב נֶֽחֶרְבוּ֙ הַמְּלָכִ֔ים וַיַּכּ֖וּ אִ֣ישׁ אֶת רֵעֵ֑הוּ וְעַתָּ֥ה לַשָּׁלָ֖ל מוֹאָֽב

And they said, This blood: the kings are surely slain, and they have smitten one another: now therefore, Moab, to the spoil.

Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action. Lead predicate is 'and they said'. Speech formula or quoted address.
Word-by-word analysis· 13 words
וַיֹּֽאמְרוּ֙and they saidconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3mp · אָמַר (H559)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceאָמַר (H559) 'and they said'.
דָּ֣םbloodN c · דָּם (H1818)Construct chain (genitival)דָּם (H1818) 'blood'.
זֶ֔הthisdem. pron xms · זֶה (H2088)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)זֶה (H2088) 'this'.
הָחֳרֵ֤בhad dried upHophal inf abs · חָרַב (H2717)Infinitive absolute→ Infinitive absolute: emphasis or attendant actionחָרַב (H2717) 'had dried up'.
נֶֽחֶרְבוּ֙had dried upN · חָרַב (H2717)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)חָרַב (H2717) 'had dried up'.
הַמְּלָכִ֔יםthe kingsart + N com m pl abs · מֶלֶךְ (H4428)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מֶלֶךְ (H4428) 'the kings'.
וַיַּכּ֖וּand they struckconj וְ + Hiphil wayyiqtol 3mp · הִכָּה (H5221)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceהִכָּה (H5221) 'and they struck'.
אִ֣ישׁa manN c · אִישׁ (H376)Construct chain (genitival)אִישׁ (H376) 'a man'.
אֶת(obj)obj marker · אֵת (H853)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H853) '(obj)'.
רֵעֵ֑הוּhis neighborN c · רֵעַ (H7453)Construct chain (genitival)רֵעַ (H7453) 'his neighbor'.
וְעַתָּ֥הand nowconj וְ + art · עַתָּה (H6258)Particle or relational elementעַתָּה (H6258) 'and now'.
לַשָּׁלָ֖לits spoilprep + art + N com m sg abs · שָׁלָל (H7998)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שָׁלָל (H7998) 'its spoil'.
מוֹאָֽבMoabN · מוֹאָב (H4124)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מוֹאָב (H4124) 'Moab'.
24

וַיָּבֹאוּ֮ אֶל מַחֲנֵ֣ה יִשְׂרָאֵל֒ וַיָּקֻ֤מוּ יִשְׂרָאֵל֙ וַיַּכּ֣וּ אֶת מוֹאָ֔ב וַיָּנֻ֖סוּ מִפְּנֵיהֶ֑ם ויבו וַיַּכּוּ בָ֔הּ וְהַכּ֖וֹת אֶת מוֹאָֽב

And when they came to the camp of Israel, the Israelites rose up and smote the Moabites, so that they fled before them: but they went forward smiting the Moabites, even in country.

Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action. Lead predicate is 'and they came'.
Word-by-word analysis· 17 words
וַיָּבֹאוּ֮and they cameconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3mp · בּוֹא (H935)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceבּוֹא (H935) 'and they came'.
אֶלtoprep · אֶל (H413)Particle or relational elementאֶל (H413) 'to'.
מַחֲנֵ֣הthe camp ofN c · מַחֲנֶה (H4264)Construct chain (genitival)מַחֲנֶה (H4264) 'the camp of'.
יִשְׂרָאֵל֒IsraelN · יִשְׂרָאֵל (H3478)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יִשְׂרָאֵל (H3478) 'Israel'.
וַיָּקֻ֤מוּand they aroseconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3mp · קוּם (H6965)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceקוּם (H6965) 'and they arose'.
יִשְׂרָאֵל֙IsraelN · יִשְׂרָאֵל (H3478)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יִשְׂרָאֵל (H3478) 'Israel'.
וַיַּכּ֣וּand they struckconj וְ + Hiphil wayyiqtol 3mp · הִכָּה (H5221)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceהִכָּה (H5221) 'and they struck'.
אֶת(obj)obj marker · אֵת (H853)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H853) '(obj)'.
מוֹאָ֔בMoabN · מוֹאָב (H4124)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מוֹאָב (H4124) 'Moab'.
וַיָּנֻ֖סוּand they fledconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3mp · נוּס (H5127)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceנוּס (H5127) 'and they fled'.
מִפְּנֵיהֶ֑םfrom before themprep + N com c pl constr + sfx 3mp · פָּנִים (H6440)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)פָּנִים (H6440) 'from before them'.
ויבוand they cameconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3mp · בּוֹא (H935)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceבּוֹא (H935) 'and they came'.
וַיַּכּוּand they struckconj וְ + Hiphil wayyiqtol 3mp · הִכָּה (H5221)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceהִכָּה (H5221) 'and they struck'.
בָ֔הּand he struckprep + sfx 3fs · הִכָּה (H5221)Particle or relational elementהִכָּה (H5221) 'and he struck'.
וְהַכּ֖וֹתand he struckconj וְ + Hiphil inf constr · הִכָּה (H5221)Infinitive construct→ Infinitive construct: purpose, result, or complementהִכָּה (H5221) 'and he struck'.
אֶת(obj)obj marker · אֵת (H853)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H853) '(obj)'.
מוֹאָֽבMoabN · מוֹאָב (H4124)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מוֹאָב (H4124) 'Moab'.
25

וְהֶעָרִ֣ים יַהֲרֹ֡סוּ וְכָל חֶלְקָ֣ה ט֠וֹבָה יַשְׁלִ֨יכוּ אִישׁ אַבְנ֜וֹ וּמִלְא֗וּהָ וְכָל מַעְיַן מַ֤יִם יִסְתֹּ֨מוּ֙ וְכָל עֵֽץ ט֣וֹב יַפִּ֔ילוּ עַד הִשְׁאִ֧יר אֲבָנֶ֛יהָ בַּקִּ֖יר חֲרָ֑שֶׂת וַיָּסֹ֥בּוּ הַקַּלָּעִ֖ים וַיַּכּֽוּהָ

And they beat down the cities, and on every good piece of land cast every man his stone, and filled it; and they stopped all the wells of water, and felled all the good trees: only in Kirharaseth left they the stones thereof; howbeit the slingers went about , and smote it.

Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'they break through'.
Word-by-word analysis· 25 words
וְהֶעָרִ֣יםand the citiesconj וְ + art + N com f pl abs · עִיר (H5892)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עִיר (H5892) 'and the cities'.
יַהֲרֹ֡סוּthey break throughQal impf 3mp · הָרַס (H2040)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalהָרַס (H2040) 'they break through'.
וְכָלand allconj וְ + N com m sg constr · כֹּל (H3605)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)כֹּל (H3605) 'and all'.
חֶלְקָ֣הthe portion ofN c · חֶלְקָה (H2513)Construct chain (genitival)חֶלְקָה (H2513) 'the portion of'.
ט֠וֹבָהgoodAdj · טוֹב (H2896)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)טוֹב (H2896) 'good'.
יַשְׁלִ֨יכוּand he threw [it]Hiphil impf 3mp · שָׁלַךְ (H7993)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalשָׁלַךְ (H7993) 'and he threw [it]'.
אִישׁa manN c · אִישׁ (H376)Construct chain (genitival)אִישׁ (H376) 'a man'.
אַבְנ֜וֹstonesN c · אֶבֶן (H68)Construct chain (genitival)אֶבֶן (H68) 'stones'.
וּמִלְא֗וּהָhe wholly followedconj וְ + Piel q 3cp + sfx 3fs · מָלֵא (H4390)Particle or relational elementמָלֵא (H4390) 'he wholly followed'.
וְכָלand allconj וְ + N com m sg constr · כֹּל (H3605)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)כֹּל (H3605) 'and all'.
מַעְיַןthe spring ofN c · מַעְיָן (H4599)Construct chain (genitival)מַעְיָן (H4599) 'the spring of'.
מַ֤יִםwaterN c · מַיִם (H4325)Construct chain (genitival)מַיִם (H4325) 'water'.
יִסְתֹּ֨מוּ֙stopped them upQal impf 3mp · סָתַם (H5640)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalסָתַם (H5640) 'stopped them up'.
וְכָלand allconj וְ + N com m sg constr · כֹּל (H3605)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)כֹּל (H3605) 'and all'.
עֵֽץwoodN c · עֵץ (H6086)Construct chain (genitival)עֵץ (H6086) 'wood'.
ט֣וֹבgoodAdj · טוֹב (H2896)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)טוֹב (H2896) 'good'.
יַפִּ֔ילוּand he fellHiphil impf 3mp · נָפַל (H5307)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalנָפַל (H5307) 'and he fell'.
עַדuntilprep · עַד (H5704)Particle or relational elementעַד (H5704) 'until'.
הִשְׁאִ֧ירhe leftHiphil perf 3ms · שָׁאַר (H7604)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actשָׁאַר (H7604) 'he left'.
אֲבָנֶ֛יהָits stonesN c · אֶבֶן (H68)Construct chain (genitival)אֶבֶן (H68) 'its stones'.
בַּקִּ֖ירinprep + art + N proper · קִיר חֶרֶשׂ (H7025)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)קִיר חֶרֶשׂ (H7025) 'in'.
חֲרָ֑שֶׂתKir-harasethN · קִיר חֶרֶשׂ (H7025)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)קִיר חֶרֶשׂ (H7025) 'Kir-haraseth'.
וַיָּסֹ֥בּוּand they marched aroundconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3mp · סָבַב (H5437)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceסָבַב (H5437) 'and they marched around'.
הַקַּלָּעִ֖יםslingerart + N com m pl abs · קַלָּע (H7051)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)קַלָּע (H7051) 'slinger'.
וַיַּכּֽוּהָand they struck itconj וְ + Hiphil wayyiqtol 3mp + sfx 3fs · הִכָּה (H5221)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceהִכָּה (H5221) 'and they struck it'.
26

וַיַּרְא֙ מֶ֣לֶךְ מוֹאָ֔ב כִּֽי חָזַ֥ק מִמֶּ֖נּוּ הַמִּלְחָמָ֑ה וַיִּקַּ֣ח א֠וֹתוֹ שְׁבַע מֵא֨וֹת אִ֜ישׁ שֹׁ֣לֵֽף חֶ֗רֶב לְהַבְקִ֛יעַ אֶל מֶ֥לֶךְ אֱד֖וֹם וְלֹ֥א יָכֹֽלוּ

And when the king of Moab saw that the battle was too sore for him, he took with him seven hundred men that drew swords, to break through to the king of Edom: but they could not.

Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action. Lead predicate is 'and he saw'.
Word-by-word analysis· 20 words
וַיַּרְא֙and he sawconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · רָאָה (H7200)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceרָאָה (H7200) 'and he saw'.
מֶ֣לֶךְking ofN c · מֶלֶךְ (H4428)Construct chain (genitival)מֶלֶךְ (H4428) 'king of'.
מוֹאָ֔בMoabN · מוֹאָב (H4124)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מוֹאָב (H4124) 'Moab'.
כִּֽיforconj וְ · כִּי (H3588)Particle or relational elementכִּי (H3588) 'for'.
חָזַ֥קbe strongQal perf 3ms · חָזַק (H2388)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actחָזַק (H2388) 'be strong'.
מִמֶּ֖נּוּfrom itprep + sfx 1cp · מִן (H4480)Particle or relational elementמִן (H4480) 'from it'.
הַמִּלְחָמָ֑הthe warart + N com f sg abs · מִלְחָמָה (H4421)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מִלְחָמָה (H4421) 'the war'.
וַיִּקַּ֣חand he tookconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · לָקַח (H3947)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceלָקַח (H3947) 'and he took'.
א֠וֹתוֹhimobj marker + sfx 3ms · אֵת (H853)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H853) 'him'.
שְׁבַעsevenAdj · שֶׁבַע (H7651)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שֶׁבַע (H7651) 'seven'.
מֵא֨וֹתhundredAdj · מֵאָה (H3967)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מֵאָה (H3967) 'hundred'.
אִ֜ישׁa manN c · אִישׁ (H376)Construct chain (genitival)אִישׁ (H376) 'a man'.
שֹׁ֣לֵֽףhe drew outQal ptc ms · שָׁלַף (H8025)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorשָׁלַף (H8025) 'he drew out'.
חֶ֗רֶבthe swordN c · חֶרֶב (H2719)Construct chain (genitival)חֶרֶב (H2719) 'the sword'.
לְהַבְקִ֛יעַand were dividedprep + Hiphil inf constr · בָּקַע (H1234)Infinitive construct→ Infinitive construct: purpose, result, or complementבָּקַע (H1234) 'and were divided'.
אֶלtoprep · אֶל (H413)Particle or relational elementאֶל (H413) 'to'.
מֶ֥לֶךְking ofN c · מֶלֶךְ (H4428)Construct chain (genitival)מֶלֶךְ (H4428) 'king of'.
אֱד֖וֹםEdomN · אֱדוֹם (H123)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֱדוֹם (H123) 'Edom'.
וְלֹ֥אand notconj וְ + neg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'and not'.
יָכֹֽלוּthey were ableQal perf 3cp · יָכֹל (H3201)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actיָכֹל (H3201) 'they were able'.
27

וַיִּקַּח֩ אֶת בְּנ֨וֹ הַבְּכ֜וֹר אֲשֶׁר יִמְלֹ֣ךְ תַּחְתָּ֗יו וַיַּעֲלֵ֤הוּ עֹלָה֙ עַל הַ֣חֹמָ֔ה וַיְהִ֥י קֶצֶף גָּד֖וֹל עַל יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל וַיִּסְעוּ֙ מֵֽעָלָ֔יו וַיָּשֻׁ֖בוּ לָאָֽרֶץ

Then he took his eldest son that should have reigned in his stead, and offered him a burnt offering upon the wall. And there was great indignation against Israel: and they departed from him, and returned to land.

Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action. Lead predicate is 'and he took'. Closes the chapter.
Word-by-word analysis· 20 words
וַיִּקַּח֩and he tookconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · לָקַח (H3947)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceלָקַח (H3947) 'and he took'.
אֶת(obj)obj marker · אֵת (H853)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H853) '(obj)'.
בְּנ֨וֹhis sonN c · בֵּן (H1121)Construct chain (genitival)בֵּן (H1121) 'his son'.
הַבְּכ֜וֹרthe firstbornart + N com m sg abs · בְּכוֹר (H1060)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)בְּכוֹר (H1060) 'the firstborn'.
אֲשֶׁרthatrel. שֶׁ · אֲשֶׁר (H834)Particle or relational elementאֲשֶׁר (H834) 'that'.
יִמְלֹ֣ךְwill reignQal impf 3ms · מָלַךְ (H4427)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalמָלַךְ (H4427) 'will reign'.
תַּחְתָּ֗יוin his placeprep + sfx 3ms · תַּחַת (H8478)Particle or relational elementתַּחַת (H8478) 'in his place'.
וַיַּעֲלֵ֤הוּand offered him upconj וְ + Hiphil wayyiqtol 3ms + sfx 3ms · עָלָה (H5927)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceעָלָה (H5927) 'and offered him up'.
עֹלָה֙a burnt offeringN c · עֹלָה (H5930)Construct chain (genitival)עֹלָה (H5930) 'a burnt offering'.
עַלonprep · עַל (H5921)Particle or relational elementעַל (H5921) 'on'.
הַ֣חֹמָ֔הthe city-wallart + N com f sg abs · חוֹמָה (H2346)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)חוֹמָה (H2346) 'the city-wall'.
וַיְהִ֥יand it happenedconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · הָיָה (H1961)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceהָיָה (H1961) 'and it happened'.
קֶצֶףwrathN c · קֶצֶף (H7110)Construct chain (genitival)קֶצֶף (H7110) 'wrath'.
גָּד֖וֹלgreatAdj · גָּדוֹל (H1419)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)גָּדוֹל (H1419) 'great'.
עַלonprep · עַל (H5921)Particle or relational elementעַל (H5921) 'on'.
יִשְׂרָאֵ֑לIsraelN · יִשְׂרָאֵל (H3478)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יִשְׂרָאֵל (H3478) 'Israel'.
וַיִּסְעוּ֙and they set outconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3mp · נָסַע (H5265)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceנָסַע (H5265) 'and they set out'.
מֵֽעָלָ֔יוfrom upon himprep + prep + sfx 3ms · עַל (H5921)Particle or relational elementעַל (H5921) 'from upon him'.
וַיָּשֻׁ֖בוּand they returnedconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3mp · שׁוּב (H7725)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceשׁוּב (H7725) 'and they returned'.
לָאָֽרֶץfor the landprep + art + N com c sg abs · אֶרֶץ (H776)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֶרֶץ (H776) 'for the land'.