Hebrew Text · Translation · Interlinear · Discourse Structure

The First Book of Chronicles, Chapter 18דברי הימים א 18

Each verse opens with the running Hebrew, an English translation, and a discourse note (its connective, relation, and role in the argument). Below follows the word-by-word breakdown in six tiers: gloss, case/state or parsing, syntax, semantic force, and a lexical note.

Case Nominative Genitive Dative Accusative Vocative Verb (no case) Indeclinable

Discourse notes head each verse: relation · connective · clause-flow. Indentation marks prominence — flush-left = main line of argument; indented = supporting / subordinate material.

Theme

1 Chronicles 18 (17 verses in the MT) opens: Now after this it came to pass, that David smote the Philistines, and subdued them, and took Gath and her towns out of the hand of the Philistines. The middle of the chapter continues: Now when Tou king of Hamath heard how David had smitten all the host of Hadarezer king of Zobah; It closes: And Benaiah the son of Jehoiada over the Cherethites and the Pelethites; and the sons of David chief about the king.

Translation & textual notes

The Hebrew base text here follows the Masoretic Text in the Leningrad tradition as represented by the Westminster Leningrad Codex / MorphHB diplomatic stream imported from OSHB; distinctively copyrighted apparatus from BHS or BHQ is not reproduced. 1 Chronicles 18 comprises 17 verses in MT order. Movement I (vv. 1-4) — Now after this it came to pass, that David smote the Philistines, and su. Now after this it came to pass, that David smote the Philistines, and subdued them, and took Gath and her towns out of the hand of the Philistines. And he smote Moab; and the Moabites became David's servants, brought gifts. And David smote Hadarezer king of Zobah to Hamath, as he went to stablish his dominion by the river Euphrates. And David took from him. Movement II (vv. 5-8) — And when the Syrians of Damascus came to help Hadarezer king of Zobah, D. And when the Syrians of Damascus came to help Hadarezer king of Zobah, David slew of the Syrians two and twenty thousand men. Then David put in Syriadamascus; and the Syrians became David's servants, brought gifts. Thus YHWH preserved David whithersoever he went. And David took the shields of gold that were on the servants of Hadarezer, and brought them to. Movement III (vv. 9-12) — Now when Tou king of Hamath heard how David had smitten all the host of. Now when Tou king of Hamath heard how David had smitten all the host of Hadarezer king of Zobah; He sent Hadoram his son to king David, to enquire of his welfare, and to congratulate him, because he had fought against Hadarezer, and smitten him; (for Hadarezer had war with Tou;) and all manner of vessels of gold and silver and brass. Them also king David. Movement IV (vv. 13-16) — And he put garrisons in Edom; and all the Edomites became David's servan. And he put garrisons in Edom; and all the Edomites became David's servants. Thus YHWH preserved David whithersoever he went. So David reigned over all Israel, and executed judgment and justice among all his people. And Joab the son of Zeruiah over the host; and Jehoshaphat the son of Ahilud, recorder. And Zadok the son of Ahitub, and Abimelech the son of. Movement V (vv. 17) — And Benaiah the son of Jehoiada over the Cherethites and the Pelethites;. And Benaiah the son of Jehoiada over the Cherethites and the Pelethites; and the sons of David chief about the king. Where English printed Bibles divide verses differently, this annotation follows MT versification throughout.

1

וַיְהִי֙ אַחֲרֵי כֵ֔ן וַיַּ֥ךְ דָּוִ֛יד אֶת פְּלִשְׁתִּ֖ים וַיַּכְנִיעֵ֑ם וַיִּקַּ֛ח אֶת גַּ֥ת וּבְנֹתֶ֖יהָ מִיַּ֥ד פְּלִשְׁתִּֽים

Now after this it came to pass, that David smote the Philistines, and subdued them, and took Gath and her towns out of the hand of the Philistines.

Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action. Wayyehî scene-setting or temporal hinge. Opens the chapter.
Word-by-word analysis· 14 words
וַיְהִי֙and it happenedconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · הָיָה (H1961)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceהָיָה (H1961) 'and it happened'.
אַחֲרֵיafterprep · אַחַר (H310)Particle or relational elementאַחַר (H310) 'after'.
כֵ֔ןsoart · כֵּן (H3651)Particle or relational elementכֵּן (H3651) 'so'.
וַיַּ֥ךְand he struckconj וְ + Hiphil wayyiqtol 3ms · הִכָּה (H5221)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceהִכָּה (H5221) 'and he struck'.
דָּוִ֛ידDavidN · דָּוִד (H1732)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)דָּוִד (H1732) 'David'.
אֶת(obj)obj marker · אֵת (H853)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H853) '(obj)'.
פְּלִשְׁתִּ֖יםthe PhilistinesN · פְּלִשְׁתִּי (H6430)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)פְּלִשְׁתִּי (H6430) 'the Philistines'.
וַיַּכְנִיעֵ֑םsubduedconj וְ + Hiphil wayyiqtol 3ms + sfx 3mp · כָּנַע (H3665)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceכָּנַע (H3665) 'subdued'.
וַיִּקַּ֛חand he tookconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · לָקַח (H3947)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceלָקַח (H3947) 'and he took'.
אֶת(obj)obj marker · אֵת (H853)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H853) '(obj)'.
גַּ֥תin GathN · גַּת (H1661)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)גַּת (H1661) 'in Gath'.
וּבְנֹתֶ֖יהָand her daughter-townsconj וְ + N com f pl constr + sfx 3fs · בַּת (H1323)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)בַּת (H1323) 'and her daughter-towns'.
מִיַּ֥דfrom the hand ofprep + N com c sg constr · יָד (H3027)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יָד (H3027) 'from the hand of'.
פְּלִשְׁתִּֽיםthe PhilistinesN · פְּלִשְׁתִּי (H6430)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)פְּלִשְׁתִּי (H6430) 'the Philistines'.
2

וַיַּ֖ךְ אֶת מוֹאָ֑ב וַיִּהְי֤וּ מוֹאָב֙ עֲבָדִ֣ים לְדָוִ֔יד נֹשְׂאֵ֖י מִנְחָֽה

And he smote Moab; and the Moabites became David's servants, brought gifts.

Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action. Lead predicate is 'and he struck'.
Word-by-word analysis· 9 words
וַיַּ֖ךְand he struckconj וְ + Hiphil wayyiqtol 3ms · הִכָּה (H5221)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceהִכָּה (H5221) 'and he struck'.
אֶת(obj)obj marker · אֵת (H853)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H853) '(obj)'.
מוֹאָ֑בMoabN · מוֹאָב (H4124)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מוֹאָב (H4124) 'Moab'.
וַיִּהְי֤וּand they wereconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3mp · הָיָה (H1961)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceהָיָה (H1961) 'and they were'.
מוֹאָב֙MoabN · מוֹאָב (H4124)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מוֹאָב (H4124) 'Moab'.
עֲבָדִ֣יםslavesN c · עֶבֶד (H5650)Construct chain (genitival)עֶבֶד (H5650) 'slaves'.
לְדָוִ֔ידDavidprep + N proper · דָּוִד (H1732)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)דָּוִד (H1732) 'David'.
נֹשְׂאֵ֖יthe bearers ofQal ptc mp · נָשָׂא (H5375)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorנָשָׂא (H5375) 'the bearers of'.
מִנְחָֽהa grain offeringN c · מִנְחָה (H4503)Construct chain (genitival)מִנְחָה (H4503) 'a grain offering'.
3

וַיַּ֥ךְ דָּוִ֛יד אֶת הֲדַדְעֶ֥זֶר מֶֽלֶךְ צוֹבָ֖ה חֲמָ֑תָה בְּלֶכְתּ֕וֹ לְהַצִּ֥יב יָד֖וֹ בִּֽנְהַר פְּרָֽת

And David smote Hadarezer king of Zobah to Hamath, as he went to stablish his dominion by the river Euphrates.

Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action. Lead predicate is 'and he struck'.
Word-by-word analysis· 12 words
וַיַּ֥ךְand he struckconj וְ + Hiphil wayyiqtol 3ms · הִכָּה (H5221)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceהִכָּה (H5221) 'and he struck'.
דָּוִ֛ידDavidN · דָּוִד (H1732)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)דָּוִד (H1732) 'David'.
אֶת(obj)obj marker · אֵת (H853)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H853) '(obj)'.
הֲדַדְעֶ֥זֶרHadadezer. CompareN · הֲדַדְעֶזֶר (H1909)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)הֲדַדְעֶזֶר (H1909) 'Hadadezer. Compare'.
מֶֽלֶךְking ofN c · מֶלֶךְ (H4428)Construct chain (genitival)מֶלֶךְ (H4428) 'king of'.
צוֹבָ֖הZobaN · צוֹבָא (H6678)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)צוֹבָא (H6678) 'Zoba'.
חֲמָ֑תָהHamathN · חֲמָת (H2574)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)חֲמָת (H2574) 'Hamath'.
בְּלֶכְתּ֕וֹand he wentprep + Qal inf constr + sfx 3ms · הָלַךְ (H3212)Infinitive construct→ Infinitive construct: purpose, result, or complementהָלַךְ (H3212) 'and he went'.
לְהַצִּ֥יבstandingprep + Hiphil inf constr · נָצַב (H5324)Infinitive construct→ Infinitive construct: purpose, result, or complementנָצַב (H5324) 'standing'.
יָד֖וֹhis handN c · יָד (H3027)Construct chain (genitival)יָד (H3027) 'his hand'.
בִּֽנְהַרthe riverprep + N com m sg constr · נָהָר (H5104)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)נָהָר (H5104) 'the river'.
פְּרָֽתEuphratesN · פְּרָת (H6578)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)פְּרָת (H6578) 'Euphrates'.
4

וַיִּלְכֹּד֩ דָּוִ֨יד מִמֶּ֜נּוּ אֶ֣לֶף רֶ֗כֶב וְשִׁבְעַ֤ת אֲלָפִים֙ פָּֽרָשִׁ֔ים וְעֶשְׂרִ֥ים אֶ֖לֶף אִ֣ישׁ רַגְלִ֑י וַיְעַקֵּ֤ר דָּוִיד֙ אֶת כָּל הָרֶ֔כֶב וַיּוֹתֵ֥ר מִמֶּ֖נּוּ מֵ֥אָה רָֽכֶב

And David took from him a thousand chariots, and seven thousand horsemen, and twenty thousand footmen: David also houghed all the chariot , but reserved of them an hundred chariots.

Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action. Lead predicate is 'and was taken'.
Word-by-word analysis· 21 words
וַיִּלְכֹּד֩and was takenconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · לָכַד (H3920)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceלָכַד (H3920) 'and was taken'.
דָּוִ֨ידDavidN · דָּוִד (H1732)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)דָּוִד (H1732) 'David'.
מִמֶּ֜נּוּfrom itprep + sfx 1cp · מִן (H4480)Particle or relational elementמִן (H4480) 'from it'.
אֶ֣לֶףthousandAdj · אֶלֶף (H505)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֶלֶף (H505) 'thousand'.
רֶ֗כֶבchariots ofN c · רֶכֶב (H7393)Construct chain (genitival)רֶכֶב (H7393) 'chariots of'.
וְשִׁבְעַ֤תand sevenconj וְ + Adj c · שֶׁבַע (H7651)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שֶׁבַע (H7651) 'and seven'.
אֲלָפִים֙thousandAdj · אֶלֶף (H505)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֶלֶף (H505) 'thousand'.
פָּֽרָשִׁ֔יםhorsemenN c · פָּרָשׁ (H6571)Construct chain (genitival)פָּרָשׁ (H6571) 'horsemen'.
וְעֶשְׂרִ֥יםand twentyconj וְ + Adj c · עֶשְׂרִים (H6242)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עֶשְׂרִים (H6242) 'and twenty'.
אֶ֖לֶףthousandAdj · אֶלֶף (H505)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֶלֶף (H505) 'thousand'.
אִ֣ישׁa manN c · אִישׁ (H376)Construct chain (genitival)אִישׁ (H376) 'a man'.
רַגְלִ֑יon footAdj · רַגְלִי (H7273)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)רַגְלִי (H7273) 'on foot'.
וַיְעַקֵּ֤רthey hamstrungconj וְ + Piel wayyiqtol 3ms · עָקַר (H6131)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceעָקַר (H6131) 'they hamstrung'.
דָּוִיד֙DavidN · דָּוִד (H1732)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)דָּוִד (H1732) 'David'.
אֶת(obj)obj marker · אֵת (H853)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H853) '(obj)'.
כָּלallN c · כֹּל (H3605)Construct chain (genitival)כֹּל (H3605) 'all'.
הָרֶ֔כֶבthe chariotsart + N com m sg abs · רֶכֶב (H7393)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)רֶכֶב (H7393) 'the chariots'.
וַיּוֹתֵ֥רAnd was leftconj וְ + Hiphil wayyiqtol 3ms · יָתַר (H3498)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceיָתַר (H3498) 'And was left'.
מִמֶּ֖נּוּfrom itprep + sfx 1cp · מִן (H4480)Particle or relational elementמִן (H4480) 'from it'.
מֵ֥אָהa hundredAdj · מֵאָה (H3967)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מֵאָה (H3967) 'a hundred'.
רָֽכֶבchariots ofN c · רֶכֶב (H7393)Construct chain (genitival)רֶכֶב (H7393) 'chariots of'.
5

וַיָּבֹא֙ אֲרַ֣ם דַּרְמֶ֔שֶׂק לַעְז֕וֹר לַהֲדַדְעֶ֖זֶר מֶ֣לֶךְ צוֹבָ֑ה וַיַּ֤ךְ דָּוִיד֙ בַּאֲרָ֔ם עֶשְׂרִֽים וּשְׁנַ֥יִם אֶ֖לֶף אִֽישׁ

And when the Syrians of Damascus came to help Hadarezer king of Zobah, David slew of the Syrians two and twenty thousand men.

Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action. Lead predicate is 'and he came'.
Word-by-word analysis· 14 words
וַיָּבֹא֙and he cameconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · בּוֹא (H935)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceבּוֹא (H935) 'and he came'.
אֲרַ֣םAramN · אֲרָם (H758)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֲרָם (H758) 'Aram'.
דַּרְמֶ֔שֶׂקDamascusN · דַּמֶּשֶׂק (H1834)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)דַּמֶּשֶׂק (H1834) 'Damascus'.
לַעְז֕וֹרand help youprep + Qal inf constr · עָזַר (H5826)Infinitive construct→ Infinitive construct: purpose, result, or complementעָזַר (H5826) 'and help you'.
לַהֲדַדְעֶ֖זֶרtoprep + N proper · הֲדַדְעֶזֶר (H1909)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)הֲדַדְעֶזֶר (H1909) 'to'.
מֶ֣לֶךְking ofN c · מֶלֶךְ (H4428)Construct chain (genitival)מֶלֶךְ (H4428) 'king of'.
צוֹבָ֑הZobaN · צוֹבָא (H6678)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)צוֹבָא (H6678) 'Zoba'.
וַיַּ֤ךְand he struckconj וְ + Hiphil wayyiqtol 3ms · הִכָּה (H5221)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceהִכָּה (H5221) 'and he struck'.
דָּוִיד֙DavidN · דָּוִד (H1732)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)דָּוִד (H1732) 'David'.
בַּאֲרָ֔םAramprep + N proper · אֲרָם (H758)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֲרָם (H758) 'Aram'.
עֶשְׂרִֽיםtwentyAdj · עֶשְׂרִים (H6242)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עֶשְׂרִים (H6242) 'twenty'.
וּשְׁנַ֥יִםand twoconj וְ + Adj c det · שְׁנַיִם (H8147)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שְׁנַיִם (H8147) 'and two'.
אֶ֖לֶףthousandAdj · אֶלֶף (H505)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֶלֶף (H505) 'thousand'.
אִֽישׁa manN c · אִישׁ (H376)Construct chain (genitival)אִישׁ (H376) 'a man'.
6

וַיָּ֤שֶׂם דָּוִיד֙ בַּאֲרַ֣ם דַּרְמֶ֔שֶׂק וַיְהִ֤י אֲרָם֙ לְדָוִ֔יד עֲבָדִ֖ים נֹשְׂאֵ֣י מִנְחָ֑ה וַיּ֤וֹשַׁע יְהוָה֙ לְדָוִ֔יד בְּכֹ֖ל אֲשֶׁ֥ר הָלָֽךְ

Then David put in Syriadamascus; and the Syrians became David's servants, brought gifts. Thus YHWH preserved David whithersoever he went.

Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action. Lead predicate is 'and he set'.
Word-by-word analysis· 16 words
וַיָּ֤שֶׂםand he setconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · שִׂים (H7760)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceשִׂים (H7760) 'and he set'.
דָּוִיד֙DavidN · דָּוִד (H1732)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)דָּוִד (H1732) 'David'.
בַּאֲרַ֣םAramprep + N proper · אֲרָם (H758)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֲרָם (H758) 'Aram'.
דַּרְמֶ֔שֶׂקDamascusN · דַּמֶּשֶׂק (H1834)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)דַּמֶּשֶׂק (H1834) 'Damascus'.
וַיְהִ֤יand it happenedconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · הָיָה (H1961)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceהָיָה (H1961) 'and it happened'.
אֲרָם֙AramN · אֲרָם (H758)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֲרָם (H758) 'Aram'.
לְדָוִ֔ידDavidprep + N proper · דָּוִד (H1732)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)דָּוִד (H1732) 'David'.
עֲבָדִ֖יםslavesN c · עֶבֶד (H5650)Construct chain (genitival)עֶבֶד (H5650) 'slaves'.
נֹשְׂאֵ֣יthe bearers ofQal ptc mp · נָשָׂא (H5375)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorנָשָׂא (H5375) 'the bearers of'.
מִנְחָ֑הa grain offeringN c · מִנְחָה (H4503)Construct chain (genitival)מִנְחָה (H4503) 'a grain offering'.
וַיּ֤וֹשַׁעand savedconj וְ + Hiphil wayyiqtol 3ms · יָשַׁע (H3467)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceיָשַׁע (H3467) 'and saved'.
יְהוָה֙YHWHN · יְהוָה (H3068)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוָה (H3068) 'YHWH'.
לְדָוִ֔ידDavidprep + N proper · דָּוִד (H1732)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)דָּוִד (H1732) 'David'.
בְּכֹ֖לin allprep + N com m sg abs · כֹּל (H3605)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)כֹּל (H3605) 'in all'.
אֲשֶׁ֥רthatrel. שֶׁ · אֲשֶׁר (H834)Particle or relational elementאֲשֶׁר (H834) 'that'.
הָלָֽךְwentQal perf 3ms · הָלַךְ (H1980)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actהָלַךְ (H1980) 'went'.
7

וַיִּקַּ֣ח דָּוִ֗יד אֵ֚ת שִׁלְטֵ֣י הַזָּהָ֔ב אֲשֶׁ֣ר הָי֔וּ עַ֖ל עַבְדֵ֣י הֲדַדְעָ֑זֶר וַיְבִיאֵ֖ם יְרוּשָׁלִָֽם

And David took the shields of gold that were on the servants of Hadarezer, and brought them to Jerusalem.

Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action. Lead predicate is 'and he took'.
Word-by-word analysis· 12 words
וַיִּקַּ֣חand he tookconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · לָקַח (H3947)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceלָקַח (H3947) 'and he took'.
דָּוִ֗ידDavidN · דָּוִד (H1732)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)דָּוִד (H1732) 'David'.
אֵ֚ת(obj)obj marker · אֵת (H853)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H853) '(obj)'.
שִׁלְטֵ֣יshieldN c · שֶׁלֶט (H7982)Construct chain (genitival)שֶׁלֶט (H7982) 'shield'.
הַזָּהָ֔בthe goldart + N com m sg abs · זָהָב (H2091)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)זָהָב (H2091) 'the gold'.
אֲשֶׁ֣רthatrel. שֶׁ · אֲשֶׁר (H834)Particle or relational elementאֲשֶׁר (H834) 'that'.
הָי֔וּwereQal perf 3cp · הָיָה (H1961)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actהָיָה (H1961) 'were'.
עַ֖לonprep · עַל (H5921)Particle or relational elementעַל (H5921) 'on'.
עַבְדֵ֣יthe servants ofN c · עֶבֶד (H5650)Construct chain (genitival)עֶבֶד (H5650) 'the servants of'.
הֲדַדְעָ֑זֶרHadadezer. CompareN · הֲדַדְעֶזֶר (H1909)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)הֲדַדְעֶזֶר (H1909) 'Hadadezer. Compare'.
וַיְבִיאֵ֖םand they cameconj וְ + Hiphil wayyiqtol 3ms + sfx 3mp · בּוֹא (H935)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceבּוֹא (H935) 'and they came'.
יְרוּשָׁלִָֽםJerusalemN · יְרוּשָׁלִַם (H3389)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְרוּשָׁלִַם (H3389) 'Jerusalem'.
8

וּמִטִּבְחַ֤ת וּמִכּוּן֙ עָרֵ֣י הֲדַדְעֶ֔זֶר לָקַ֥ח דָּוִ֛יד נְחֹ֖שֶׁת רַבָּ֣ה מְאֹ֑ד בָּ֣הּ עָשָׂ֣ה שְׁלֹמֹ֗ה אֶת יָ֤ם הַנְּחֹ֨שֶׁת֙ וְאֶת הָֽעַמּוּדִ֔ים וְאֵ֖ת כְּלֵ֥י הַנְּחֹֽשֶׁת

Likewise from Tibhath, and from Chun, cities of Hadarezer, brought David very much brass, wherewith Solomon made the brasen sea, and the pillars, and the vessels of brass.

Qatal — perfective or stative predication
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Qatal — perfective or stative predication. Lead predicate is 'he took'.
Word-by-word analysis· 20 words
וּמִטִּבְחַ֤תandconj וְ + prep + N proper · טִבְחַת (H2880)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)טִבְחַת (H2880) 'and'.
וּמִכּוּן֙andconj וְ + prep + N proper · כּוּן (H3560)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)כּוּן (H3560) 'and'.
עָרֵ֣יthe cities ofN c · עִיר (H5892)Construct chain (genitival)עִיר (H5892) 'the cities of'.
הֲדַדְעֶ֔זֶרHadadezer. CompareN · הֲדַדְעֶזֶר (H1909)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)הֲדַדְעֶזֶר (H1909) 'Hadadezer. Compare'.
לָקַ֥חhe tookQal perf 3ms · לָקַח (H3947)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actלָקַח (H3947) 'he took'.
דָּוִ֛ידDavidN · דָּוִד (H1732)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)דָּוִד (H1732) 'David'.
נְחֹ֖שֶׁתbronzeN c · נְחֹשֶׁת (H5178)Construct chain (genitival)נְחֹשֶׁת (H5178) 'bronze'.
רַבָּ֣הgreatAdj · רַב (H7227)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)רַב (H7227) 'great'.
מְאֹ֑דveryart · מְאֹד (H3966)Particle or relational elementמְאֹד (H3966) 'very'.
בָּ֣הּin itprep + sfx 3fsParticle or relational elementFunction word: 'in it'.
עָשָׂ֣הhe didQal perf 3ms · עָשָׂה (H6213)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actעָשָׂה (H6213) 'he did'.
שְׁלֹמֹ֗הSolomonN · שְׁלֹמֹה (H8010)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שְׁלֹמֹה (H8010) 'Solomon'.
אֶת(obj)obj marker · אֵת (H853)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H853) '(obj)'.
יָ֤םsea ofN c · יָם (H3220)Construct chain (genitival)יָם (H3220) 'sea of'.
הַנְּחֹ֨שֶׁת֙the bronzeart + N com f sg abs · נְחֹשֶׁת (H5178)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)נְחֹשֶׁת (H5178) 'the bronze'.
וְאֶתand [obj]conj וְ + obj marker · אֵת (H853)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H853) 'and [obj]'.
הָֽעַמּוּדִ֔יםthe pillarsart + N com m pl abs · עַמּוּד (H5982)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עַמּוּד (H5982) 'the pillars'.
וְאֵ֖תand [obj]conj וְ + obj marker · אֵת (H853)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H853) 'and [obj]'.
כְּלֵ֥יarticle ofN c · כְּלִי (H3627)Construct chain (genitival)כְּלִי (H3627) 'article of'.
הַנְּחֹֽשֶׁתthe bronzeart + N com f sg abs · נְחֹשֶׁת (H5178)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)נְחֹשֶׁת (H5178) 'the bronze'.
9

וַיִּשְׁמַ֕ע תֹּ֖עוּ מֶ֣לֶךְ חֲמָ֑ת כִּ֚י הִכָּ֣ה דָוִ֔יד אֶת כָּל חֵ֖יל הֲדַדְעֶ֥זֶר מֶֽלֶךְ צוֹבָֽה

Now when Tou king of Hamath heard how David had smitten all the host of Hadarezer king of Zobah;

Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action. Lead predicate is 'and he heard'.
Word-by-word analysis· 13 words
וַיִּשְׁמַ֕עand he heardconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · שָׁמַע (H8085)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceשָׁמַע (H8085) 'and he heard'.
תֹּ֖עוּToiN · תֹּעוּ (H8583)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)תֹּעוּ (H8583) 'Toi'.
מֶ֣לֶךְking ofN c · מֶלֶךְ (H4428)Construct chain (genitival)מֶלֶךְ (H4428) 'king of'.
חֲמָ֑תHamathN · חֲמָת (H2574)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)חֲמָת (H2574) 'Hamath'.
כִּ֚יforconj וְ · כִּי (H3588)Particle or relational elementכִּי (H3588) 'for'.
הִכָּ֣הstruckHiphil perf 3ms · הִכָּה (H5221)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actהִכָּה (H5221) 'struck'.
דָוִ֔ידDavidN · דָּוִד (H1732)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)דָּוִד (H1732) 'David'.
אֶת(obj)obj marker · אֵת (H853)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H853) '(obj)'.
כָּלallN c · כֹּל (H3605)Construct chain (genitival)כֹּל (H3605) 'all'.
חֵ֖ילarmyN c · חֵיל (H2426)Construct chain (genitival)חֵיל (H2426) 'army'.
הֲדַדְעֶ֥זֶרHadadezer. CompareN · הֲדַדְעֶזֶר (H1909)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)הֲדַדְעֶזֶר (H1909) 'Hadadezer. Compare'.
מֶֽלֶךְking ofN c · מֶלֶךְ (H4428)Construct chain (genitival)מֶלֶךְ (H4428) 'king of'.
צוֹבָֽהZobaN · צוֹבָא (H6678)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)צוֹבָא (H6678) 'Zoba'.
10

וַיִּשְׁלַ֣ח אֶת הֲדֽוֹרָם בְּנ֣וֹ אֶל הַמֶּֽלֶךְ דָּ֠וִיד לשאול לִשְׁאָל ל֨וֹ לְשָׁל֜וֹם וּֽלְבָרֲכ֗וֹ עַל֩ אֲשֶׁ֨ר נִלְחַ֤ם בַּהֲדַדְעֶ֨זֶר֙ וַיַּכֵּ֔הוּ כִּי אִ֛ישׁ מִלְחֲמ֥וֹת תֹּ֖עוּ הָיָ֣ה הֲדַדְעָ֑זֶר וְכֹ֗ל כְּלֵ֛י זָהָ֥ב וָכֶ֖סֶף וּנְחֹֽשֶׁת

He sent Hadoram his son to king David, to enquire of his welfare, and to congratulate him, because he had fought against Hadarezer, and smitten him; (for Hadarezer had war with Tou;) and all manner of vessels of gold and silver and brass.

Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action. Lead predicate is 'and he sent'.
Word-by-word analysis· 28 words
וַיִּשְׁלַ֣חand he sentconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · שָׁלַח (H7971)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceשָׁלַח (H7971) 'and he sent'.
אֶת(obj)obj marker · אֵת (H853)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H853) '(obj)'.
הֲדֽוֹרָםHadoramN · הֲדוֹרָם (H1913)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)הֲדוֹרָם (H1913) 'Hadoram'.
בְּנ֣וֹhis sonN c · בֵּן (H1121)Construct chain (genitival)בֵּן (H1121) 'his son'.
אֶלtoprep · אֶל (H413)Particle or relational elementאֶל (H413) 'to'.
הַמֶּֽלֶךְthe kingart + N com m sg abs · מֶלֶךְ (H4428)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מֶלֶךְ (H4428) 'the king'.
דָּ֠וִידDavidN · דָּוִד (H1732)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)דָּוִד (H1732) 'David'.
לשאולto askprep + Qal inf constr · שָׁאַל (H7592)Infinitive construct→ Infinitive construct: purpose, result, or complementשָׁאַל (H7592) 'to ask'.
לִשְׁאָלaskprep + Qal inf constr · שָׁאַל (H7592)Infinitive construct→ Infinitive construct: purpose, result, or complementשָׁאַל (H7592) 'ask'.
ל֨וֹaskprep + sfx 3ms · שָׁאַל (H7592)Particle or relational elementשָׁאַל (H7592) 'ask'.
לְשָׁל֜וֹםin peaceprep + N com m sg abs · שָׁלוֹם (H7965)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שָׁלוֹם (H7965) 'in peace'.
וּֽלְבָרֲכ֗וֹblessedconj וְ + prep + Piel inf constr + sfx 3ms · בֵּרַךְ (H1288)Infinitive construct→ Infinitive construct: purpose, result, or complementבֵּרַךְ (H1288) 'blessed'.
עַל֩onprep · עַל (H5921)Particle or relational elementעַל (H5921) 'on'.
אֲשֶׁ֨רthatrel. שֶׁ · אֲשֶׁר (H834)Particle or relational elementאֲשֶׁר (H834) 'that'.
נִלְחַ֤םfoughtN · לָחַם (H3898)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)לָחַם (H3898) 'fought'.
בַּהֲדַדְעֶ֨זֶר֙inprep + N proper · הֲדַדְעֶזֶר (H1909)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)הֲדַדְעֶזֶר (H1909) 'in'.
וַיַּכֵּ֔הוּand he struck himconj וְ + Hiphil wayyiqtol 3ms + sfx 3ms · הִכָּה (H5221)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceהִכָּה (H5221) 'and he struck him'.
כִּיforconj וְ · כִּי (H3588)Particle or relational elementכִּי (H3588) 'for'.
אִ֛ישׁa manN c · אִישׁ (H376)Construct chain (genitival)אִישׁ (H376) 'a man'.
מִלְחֲמ֥וֹתthe wars ofN c · מִלְחָמָה (H4421)Construct chain (genitival)מִלְחָמָה (H4421) 'the wars of'.
תֹּ֖עוּToiN · תֹּעוּ (H8583)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)תֹּעוּ (H8583) 'Toi'.
הָיָ֣הwasQal perf 3ms · הָיָה (H1961)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actהָיָה (H1961) 'was'.
הֲדַדְעָ֑זֶרHadadezer. CompareN · הֲדַדְעֶזֶר (H1909)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)הֲדַדְעֶזֶר (H1909) 'Hadadezer. Compare'.
וְכֹ֗לand allconj וְ + N com m sg constr · כֹּל (H3605)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)כֹּל (H3605) 'and all'.
כְּלֵ֛יarticle ofN c · כְּלִי (H3627)Construct chain (genitival)כְּלִי (H3627) 'article of'.
זָהָ֥בgoldN c · זָהָב (H2091)Construct chain (genitival)זָהָב (H2091) 'gold'.
וָכֶ֖סֶףand silverconj וְ + N com m sg abs · כֶּסֶף (H3701)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)כֶּסֶף (H3701) 'and silver'.
וּנְחֹֽשֶׁתand bronzeconj וְ + N com f sg abs · נְחֹשֶׁת (H5178)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)נְחֹשֶׁת (H5178) 'and bronze'.
11

גַּם אֹתָ֗ם הִקְדִּ֞ישׁ הַמֶּ֤לֶךְ דָּוִיד֙ לַיהוָ֔ה עִם הַכֶּ֨סֶף֙ וְהַזָּהָ֔ב אֲשֶׁ֥ר נָשָׂ֖א מִכָּל הַגּוֹיִ֑ם מֵֽאֱד֤וֹם וּמִמּוֹאָב֙ וּמִבְּנֵ֣י עַמּ֔וֹן וּמִפְּלִשְׁתִּ֖ים וּמֵֽעֲמָלֵֽק

Them also king David dedicated to YHWH, with the silver and the gold that he brought from all nations; from Edom, and from Moab, and from the children of Ammon, and from the Philistines, and from Amalek.

Qatal — perfective or stative predicationasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Qatal — perfective or stative predication. Lead predicate is 'and you shall consecrate'.
Word-by-word analysis· 19 words
גַּםalsoparticle · גַּם (H1571)Particle or relational elementגַּם (H1571) 'also'.
אֹתָ֗םthemobj marker + sfx 3mp · אֵת (H853)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H853) 'them'.
הִקְדִּ֞ישׁand you shall consecrateHiphil perf 3ms · קָדַשׁ (H6942)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actקָדַשׁ (H6942) 'and you shall consecrate'.
הַמֶּ֤לֶךְthe kingart + N com m sg abs · מֶלֶךְ (H4428)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מֶלֶךְ (H4428) 'the king'.
דָּוִיד֙DavidN · דָּוִד (H1732)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)דָּוִד (H1732) 'David'.
לַיהוָ֔הto YHWHprep + N proper · יְהוָה (H3068)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוָה (H3068) 'to YHWH'.
עִםwithprep · עִם (H5973)Particle or relational elementעִם (H5973) 'with'.
הַכֶּ֨סֶף֙the silverart + N com m sg abs · כֶּסֶף (H3701)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)כֶּסֶף (H3701) 'the silver'.
וְהַזָּהָ֔בand the goldconj וְ + art + N com m sg abs · זָהָב (H2091)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)זָהָב (H2091) 'and the gold'.
אֲשֶׁ֥רthatrel. שֶׁ · אֲשֶׁר (H834)Particle or relational elementאֲשֶׁר (H834) 'that'.
נָשָׂ֖אlifts upQal perf 3ms · נָשָׂא (H5375)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actנָשָׂא (H5375) 'lifts up'.
מִכָּלfrom allprep + N com m sg constr · כֹּל (H3605)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)כֹּל (H3605) 'from all'.
הַגּוֹיִ֑םthe nationsart + N com m pl abs · גּוֹי (H1471)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)גּוֹי (H1471) 'the nations'.
מֵֽאֱד֤וֹםEdomprep + N proper · אֱדוֹם (H123)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֱדוֹם (H123) 'Edom'.
וּמִמּוֹאָב֙Moabconj וְ + prep + N proper · מוֹאָב (H4124)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מוֹאָב (H4124) 'Moab'.
וּמִבְּנֵ֣יand from the sons ofconj וְ + prep + N com m pl constr · בֵּן (H1121)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)בֵּן (H1121) 'and from the sons of'.
עַמּ֔וֹןAmmonN · עַמּוֹן (H5983)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עַמּוֹן (H5983) 'Ammon'.
וּמִפְּלִשְׁתִּ֖יםthe Philistinesconj וְ + prep + N gentilic m pl abs · פְּלִשְׁתִּי (H6430)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)פְּלִשְׁתִּי (H6430) 'the Philistines'.
וּמֵֽעֲמָלֵֽקAmalekconj וְ + prep + N proper · עֲמָלֵק (H6002)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עֲמָלֵק (H6002) 'Amalek'.
12

וְאַבְשַׁ֣י בֶּן צְרוּיָ֗ה הִכָּ֤ה אֶת אֱדוֹם֙ בְּגֵ֣יא הַמֶּ֔לַח שְׁמוֹנָ֥ה עָשָׂ֖ר אָֽלֶף

Moreover Abishai the son of Zeruiah slew of the Edomites in the valley of salt eighteen thousand.

Qatal — perfective or stative predication
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Qatal — perfective or stative predication. Lead predicate is 'struck'.
Word-by-word analysis· 11 words
וְאַבְשַׁ֣יAbishaiconj וְ + N proper · אֲבִישַׁי (H52)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֲבִישַׁי (H52) 'Abishai'.
בֶּןson ofN c · בֵּן (H1121)Construct chain (genitival)בֵּן (H1121) 'son of'.
צְרוּיָ֗הZeruiahN · צְרוּיָה (H6870)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)צְרוּיָה (H6870) 'Zeruiah'.
הִכָּ֤הstruckHiphil perf 3ms · הִכָּה (H5221)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actהִכָּה (H5221) 'struck'.
אֶת(obj)obj marker · אֵת (H853)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H853) '(obj)'.
אֱדוֹם֙EdomN · אֱדוֹם (H123)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֱדוֹם (H123) 'Edom'.
בְּגֵ֣יאin the valleyprep + N proper · גַּיְא (H1516)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)גַּיְא (H1516) 'in the valley'.
הַמֶּ֔לַחthe Salt (Sea)N · מֶלַח (H4417)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מֶלַח (H4417) 'the Salt (Sea)'.
שְׁמוֹנָ֥הeightAdj · שְׁמֹנֶה (H8083)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שְׁמֹנֶה (H8083) 'eight'.
עָשָׂ֖ר-teenAdj · עָשָׂר (H6240)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עָשָׂר (H6240) '-teen'.
אָֽלֶףthousandAdj · אֶלֶף (H505)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֶלֶף (H505) 'thousand'.
13

וַיָּ֤שֶׂם בֶּֽאֱדוֹם֙ נְצִיבִ֔ים וַיִּהְי֥וּ כָל אֱד֖וֹם עֲבָדִ֣ים לְדָוִ֑יד וַיּ֤וֹשַׁע יְהוָה֙ אֶת דָּוִ֔יד בְּכֹ֖ל אֲשֶׁ֥ר הָלָֽךְ

And he put garrisons in Edom; and all the Edomites became David's servants. Thus YHWH preserved David whithersoever he went.

Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action. Lead predicate is 'and he set'.
Word-by-word analysis· 15 words
וַיָּ֤שֶׂםand he setconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · שִׂים (H7760)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceשִׂים (H7760) 'and he set'.
בֶּֽאֱדוֹם֙in Edomprep + N proper · אֱדוֹם (H123)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֱדוֹם (H123) 'in Edom'.
נְצִיבִ֔יםa pillar ofN c · נְצִיב (H5333)Construct chain (genitival)נְצִיב (H5333) 'a pillar of'.
וַיִּהְי֥וּand they wereconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3mp · הָיָה (H1961)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceהָיָה (H1961) 'and they were'.
כָלallN c · כֹּל (H3605)Construct chain (genitival)כֹּל (H3605) 'all'.
אֱד֖וֹםEdomN · אֱדוֹם (H123)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֱדוֹם (H123) 'Edom'.
עֲבָדִ֣יםslavesN c · עֶבֶד (H5650)Construct chain (genitival)עֶבֶד (H5650) 'slaves'.
לְדָוִ֑ידDavidprep + N proper · דָּוִד (H1732)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)דָּוִד (H1732) 'David'.
וַיּ֤וֹשַׁעand savedconj וְ + Hiphil wayyiqtol 3ms · יָשַׁע (H3467)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceיָשַׁע (H3467) 'and saved'.
יְהוָה֙YHWHN · יְהוָה (H3068)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוָה (H3068) 'YHWH'.
אֶת(obj)obj marker · אֵת (H853)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H853) '(obj)'.
דָּוִ֔ידDavidN · דָּוִד (H1732)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)דָּוִד (H1732) 'David'.
בְּכֹ֖לin allprep + N com m sg abs · כֹּל (H3605)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)כֹּל (H3605) 'in all'.
אֲשֶׁ֥רthatrel. שֶׁ · אֲשֶׁר (H834)Particle or relational elementאֲשֶׁר (H834) 'that'.
הָלָֽךְwentQal perf 3ms · הָלַךְ (H1980)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actהָלַךְ (H1980) 'went'.
14

וַיִּמְלֹ֥ךְ דָּוִ֖יד עַל כָּל יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל וַיְהִ֗י עֹשֶׂ֛ה מִשְׁפָּ֥ט וּצְדָקָ֖ה לְכָל עַמּֽוֹ

So David reigned over all Israel, and executed judgment and justice among all his people.

Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action. Lead predicate is 'and reigned'.
Word-by-word analysis· 11 words
וַיִּמְלֹ֥ךְand reignedconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · מָלַךְ (H4427)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceמָלַךְ (H4427) 'and reigned'.
דָּוִ֖ידDavidN · דָּוִד (H1732)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)דָּוִד (H1732) 'David'.
עַלonprep · עַל (H5921)Particle or relational elementעַל (H5921) 'on'.
כָּלallN c · כֹּל (H3605)Construct chain (genitival)כֹּל (H3605) 'all'.
יִשְׂרָאֵ֑לIsraelN · יִשְׂרָאֵל (H3478)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יִשְׂרָאֵל (H3478) 'Israel'.
וַיְהִ֗יand it happenedconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · הָיָה (H1961)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceהָיָה (H1961) 'and it happened'.
עֹשֶׂ֛הhe didQal ptc ms · עָשָׂה (H6213)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorעָשָׂה (H6213) 'he did'.
מִשְׁפָּ֥טjudgmentN c · מִשְׁפָּט (H4941)Construct chain (genitival)מִשְׁפָּט (H4941) 'judgment'.
וּצְדָקָ֖הand righteousnessconj וְ + N com f sg abs · צְדָקָה (H6666)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)צְדָקָה (H6666) 'and righteousness'.
לְכָלto allprep + N com m sg constr · כֹּל (H3605)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)כֹּל (H3605) 'to all'.
עַמּֽוֹhis peopleN c · עַם (H5971)Construct chain (genitival)עַם (H5971) 'his people'.
15

וְיוֹאָ֥ב בֶּן צְרוּיָ֖ה עַל הַצָּבָ֑א וִיהוֹשָׁפָ֥ט בֶּן אֲחִיל֖וּד מַזְכִּֽיר

And Joab the son of Zeruiah over the host; and Jehoshaphat the son of Ahilud, recorder.

Participle — attendant circumstance or substantival actor
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Participle — attendant circumstance or substantival actor. Lead predicate is 'am mentioning'.
Word-by-word analysis· 9 words
וְיוֹאָ֥בJoabconj וְ + N proper · יוֹאָב (H3097)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יוֹאָב (H3097) 'Joab'.
בֶּןson ofN c · בֵּן (H1121)Construct chain (genitival)בֵּן (H1121) 'son of'.
צְרוּיָ֖הZeruiahN · צְרוּיָה (H6870)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)צְרוּיָה (H6870) 'Zeruiah'.
עַלonprep · עַל (H5921)Particle or relational elementעַל (H5921) 'on'.
הַצָּבָ֑אthe armyart + N com c sg abs · צָבָא (H6635)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)צָבָא (H6635) 'the army'.
וִיהוֹשָׁפָ֥טandconj וְ + N proper · יְהוֹשָׁפָט (H3092)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוֹשָׁפָט (H3092) 'and'.
בֶּןson ofN c · בֵּן (H1121)Construct chain (genitival)בֵּן (H1121) 'son of'.
אֲחִיל֖וּדAhiludN · אֲחִילוּד (H286)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֲחִילוּד (H286) 'Ahilud'.
מַזְכִּֽירam mentioningHiphil ptc ms · זָכַר (H2142)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorזָכַר (H2142) 'am mentioning'.
16

וְצָד֧וֹק בֶּן אֲחִיט֛וּב וַאֲבִימֶ֥לֶךְ בֶּן אֶבְיָתָ֖ר כֹּהֲנִ֑ים וְשַׁוְשָׁ֖א סוֹפֵֽר

And Zadok the son of Ahitub, and Abimelech the son of Abiathar, the priests; and Shavsha was scribe;

Linked non-verbal clause
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Linked non-verbal clause.
Word-by-word analysis· 9 words
וְצָד֧וֹקandconj וְ + N proper · צָדוֹק (H6659)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)צָדוֹק (H6659) 'and'.
בֶּןson ofN c · בֵּן (H1121)Construct chain (genitival)בֵּן (H1121) 'son of'.
אֲחִיט֛וּבAhitubN · אֲחִיטוּב (H285)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֲחִיטוּב (H285) 'Ahitub'.
וַאֲבִימֶ֥לֶךְbut Abimelechconj וְ + N proper · אֲבִימֶלֶךְ (H40)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֲבִימֶלֶךְ (H40) 'but Abimelech'.
בֶּןson ofN c · בֵּן (H1121)Construct chain (genitival)בֵּן (H1121) 'son of'.
אֶבְיָתָ֖רAbiatharN · אֶבְיָתָר (H54)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֶבְיָתָר (H54) 'Abiathar'.
כֹּהֲנִ֑יםpriestsN c · כֹּהֵן (H3548)Construct chain (genitival)כֹּהֵן (H3548) 'priests'.
וְשַׁוְשָׁ֖אandconj וְ + N proper · שַׁוְשָׁא (H7798)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שַׁוְשָׁא (H7798) 'and'.
סוֹפֵֽרand he recountedN c · סָפַר (H5608)Construct chain (genitival)סָפַר (H5608) 'and he recounted'.
17

וּבְנָיָ֨הוּ֙ בֶּן יְה֣וֹיָדָ֔ע עַל הַכְּרֵתִ֖י וְהַפְּלֵתִ֑י וּבְנֵי דָוִ֥יד הָרִאשֹׁנִ֖ים לְיַ֥ד הַמֶּֽלֶךְ

And Benaiah the son of Jehoiada over the Cherethites and the Pelethites; and the sons of David chief about the king.

Linked non-verbal clause
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Linked non-verbal clause. Closes the chapter.
Word-by-word analysis· 11 words
וּבְנָיָ֨הוּ֙andconj וְ + N proper · בְּנָיָה (H1141)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)בְּנָיָה (H1141) 'and'.
בֶּןson ofN c · בֵּן (H1121)Construct chain (genitival)בֵּן (H1121) 'son of'.
יְה֣וֹיָדָ֔עJehoiada. CompareN · יְהוֹיָדָע (H3077)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוֹיָדָע (H3077) 'Jehoiada. Compare'.
עַלonprep · עַל (H5921)Particle or relational elementעַל (H5921) 'on'.
הַכְּרֵתִ֖יCherethimsart + N gentilic m sg abs · כְּרֵתִי (H3774)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)כְּרֵתִי (H3774) 'Cherethims'.
וְהַפְּלֵתִ֑יandconj וְ + art + N gentilic m sg abs · פְּלֵתִי (H6432)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)פְּלֵתִי (H6432) 'and'.
וּבְנֵיand the sons ofconj וְ + N com m pl constr · בֵּן (H1121)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)בֵּן (H1121) 'and the sons of'.
דָוִ֥ידDavidN · דָּוִד (H1732)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)דָּוִד (H1732) 'David'.
הָרִאשֹׁנִ֖יםthe first (ones)art + Adj · רִאשׁוֹן (H7223)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)רִאשׁוֹן (H7223) 'the first (ones)'.
לְיַ֥דhis handprep + N com c sg constr · יָד (H3027)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יָד (H3027) 'his hand'.
הַמֶּֽלֶךְthe kingart + N com m sg abs · מֶלֶךְ (H4428)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מֶלֶךְ (H4428) 'the king'.