1
לַמְנַצֵּ֥חַ אַל תַּשְׁחֵ֑ת מִזְמ֖וֹר לְאָסָ֣ף שִֽׁיר
Excel not Al-taschith psalm Asaph a song.
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Participle — attendant circumstance or substantival actor. Lead predicate is 'excel'. Opens the chapter.
Word-by-word analysis· 6 words
לַמְנַצֵּ֥חַexcelprep + art + Piel ptc ms · נָצַח (H5329)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorנָצַח (H5329) 'excel'.
אַלnotneg. · אַל תַּשְׁחֵת (H516)Particle or relational elementאַל תַּשְׁחֵת (H516) 'not'.
תַּשְׁחֵ֑תAl-taschithHiphil impf 2ms · אַל תַּשְׁחֵת (H516)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalאַל תַּשְׁחֵת (H516) 'Al-taschith'.
מִזְמ֖וֹרpsalmN c · מִזְמוֹר (H4210)Construct chain (genitival)מִזְמוֹר (H4210) 'psalm'.
לְאָסָ֣ףAsaphprep + N proper · אָסָף (H623)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אָסָף (H623) 'Asaph'.
שִֽׁירa songN c · שִׁירָה (H7892)Construct chain (genitival)שִׁירָה (H7892) 'a song'.
2
ה֘וֹדִ֤ינוּ לְּךָ֨ אֱֽלֹהִ֗ים ה֭וֹדִינוּ וְקָר֣וֹב שְׁמֶ֑ךָ סִ֝פְּר֗וּ נִפְלְאוֹתֶֽיךָ
I will praise to you God I will praise near your name tell them to fulfill.
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Qatal — perfective or stative predication. Lead predicate is 'I will praise'.
Word-by-word analysis· 8 words
ה֘וֹדִ֤ינוּI will praiseHiphil perf 1cp · יָדָה (H3034)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actיָדָה (H3034) 'I will praise'.
לְּךָ֨to youprep + sfx 2msParticle or relational elementFunction word: 'to you'.
אֱֽלֹהִ֗יםGodN c · אֱלֹהִים (H430)Construct chain (genitival)אֱלֹהִים (H430) 'God'.
ה֭וֹדִינוּI will praiseHiphil perf 1cp · יָדָה (H3034)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actיָדָה (H3034) 'I will praise'.
וְקָר֣וֹבnearconj וְ + Adj · קָרוֹב (H7138)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)קָרוֹב (H7138) 'near'.
שְׁמֶ֑ךָyour nameN c · שֵׁם (H8034)Construct chain (genitival)שֵׁם (H8034) 'your name'.
סִ֝פְּר֗וּtell themPiel perf 3cp · סָפַר (H5608)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actסָפַר (H5608) 'tell them'.
נִפְלְאוֹתֶֽיךָto fulfillN · פָּלָא (H6381)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)פָּלָא (H6381) 'to fulfill'.
3
כִּ֭י אֶקַּ֣ח מוֹעֵ֑ד אֲ֝נִ֗י מֵישָׁרִ֥ים אֶשְׁפֹּֽט
For I will take meeting I agreement and judge.
kî-clause (causal, recitative, or evidential). Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'I will take'.
Word-by-word analysis· 6 words
כִּ֭יforconj וְ · כִּי (H3588)Particle or relational elementכִּי (H3588) 'for'.
אֶקַּ֣חI will takeQal impf 1cs · לָקַח (H3947)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalלָקַח (H3947) 'I will take'.
מוֹעֵ֑דmeetingN c · מוֹעֵד (H4150)Construct chain (genitival)מוֹעֵד (H4150) 'meeting'.
אֲ֝נִ֗יIpron 1cs · אֲנִי (H589)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֲנִי (H589) 'I'.
מֵישָׁרִ֥יםagreementN c · מֵישָׁר (H4339)Construct chain (genitival)מֵישָׁר (H4339) 'agreement'.
אֶשְׁפֹּֽטand judgeQal impf 1cs · שָׁפַט (H8199)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalשָׁפַט (H8199) 'and judge'.
4
נְֽמֹגִ֗ים אֶ֥רֶץ וְכָל יֹשְׁבֶ֑יהָ אָנֹכִ֨י תִכַּ֖נְתִּי עַמּוּדֶ֣יהָ סֶּֽלָה
Melt away the land of and all its inhabitants I bear up the pillars Selah.
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Participle — attendant circumstance or substantival actor. Lead predicate is 'its inhabitants'.
Word-by-word analysis· 8 words
נְֽמֹגִ֗יםmelt awayN · מוּג (H4127)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מוּג (H4127) 'melt away'.
אֶ֥רֶץthe land ofN c · אֶרֶץ (H776)Construct chain (genitival)אֶרֶץ (H776) 'the land of'.
וְכָלand allconj וְ + N com m sg constr · כֹּל (H3605)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)כֹּל (H3605) 'and all'.
יֹשְׁבֶ֑יהָits inhabitantsQal ptc mp + sfx 3fs · יָשַׁב (H3427)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorיָשַׁב (H3427) 'its inhabitants'.
אָנֹכִ֨יIpron 1cs · אָנֹכִי (H595)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אָנֹכִי (H595) 'I'.
תִכַּ֖נְתִּיbear upPiel perf 1cs · תָּכַן (H8505)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actתָּכַן (H8505) 'bear up'.
עַמּוּדֶ֣יהָthe pillarsN c · עַמּוּד (H5982)Construct chain (genitival)עַמּוּד (H5982) 'the pillars'.
סֶּֽלָהSelahparticle · סֶלָה (H5542)Particle or relational elementסֶלָה (H5542) 'Selah'.
5
אָמַ֣רְתִּי לַֽ֭הוֹלְלִים אַל תָּהֹ֑לּוּ וְ֝לָרְשָׁעִ֗ים אַל תָּרִ֥ימוּ קָֽרֶן
I said and they praised do not and they praised the wicked do not you shall lift up its horns.
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Qatal — perfective or stative predication. Lead predicate is 'I said'. Speech formula or quoted address.
Word-by-word analysis· 8 words
אָמַ֣רְתִּיI saidQal perf 1cs · אָמַר (H559)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actאָמַר (H559) 'I said'.
לַֽ֭הוֹלְלִיםand they praisedprep + art + Qal ptc mp · הָלַל (H1984)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorהָלַל (H1984) 'and they praised'.
אַלdo notneg. · אַל (H408)Particle or relational elementאַל (H408) 'do not'.
תָּהֹ֑לּוּand they praisedQal jussive 2mp · הָלַל (H1984)Predicate verb (jussive)→ Jussive: volitionalהָלַל (H1984) 'and they praised'.
וְ֝לָרְשָׁעִ֗יםthe wickedconj וְ + prep + art + Adj · רָשָׁע (H7563)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)רָשָׁע (H7563) 'the wicked'.
אַלdo notneg. · אַל (H408)Particle or relational elementאַל (H408) 'do not'.
תָּרִ֥ימוּyou shall lift upHiphil jussive 2mp · רוּם (H7311)Predicate verb (jussive)→ Jussive: volitionalרוּם (H7311) 'you shall lift up'.
קָֽרֶןits hornsN c · קֶרֶן (H7161)Construct chain (genitival)קֶרֶן (H7161) 'its horns'.
6
אַל תָּרִ֣ימוּ לַמָּר֣וֹם קַרְנְכֶ֑ם תְּדַבְּר֖וּ בְצַוָּ֣אר עָתָֽק
Do not you shall lift up the heights of its horns and he spoke his neck arrogancy.
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Jussive — volitional. Lead predicate is 'you shall lift up'. Speech formula or quoted address.
Word-by-word analysis· 7 words
אַלdo notneg. · אַל (H408)Particle or relational elementאַל (H408) 'do not'.
תָּרִ֣ימוּyou shall lift upHiphil jussive 2mp · רוּם (H7311)Predicate verb (jussive)→ Jussive: volitionalרוּם (H7311) 'you shall lift up'.
לַמָּר֣וֹםthe heights ofprep + art + N com m sg abs · מָרוֹם (H4791)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מָרוֹם (H4791) 'the heights of'.
קַרְנְכֶ֑םits hornsN c · קֶרֶן (H7161)Construct chain (genitival)קֶרֶן (H7161) 'its horns'.
תְּדַבְּר֖וּand he spokePiel impf 2mp · דִּבֶּר (H1696)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalדִּבֶּר (H1696) 'and he spoke'.
בְצַוָּ֣ארhis neckprep + N com m sg abs · צַוָּאר (H6677)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)צַוָּאר (H6677) 'his neck'.
עָתָֽקarrogancyN c · עָתָק (H6277)Construct chain (genitival)עָתָק (H6277) 'arrogancy'.
7
כִּ֤י לֹ֣א מִ֭מּוֹצָא וּמִֽמַּעֲרָ֑ב וְ֝לֹ֗א מִמִּדְבַּ֥ר הָרִֽים
For not the utterance of and and not from the wilderness of and tall.
kî-clause (causal, recitative, or evidential). Infinitive construct — purpose, result, or complement. Lead predicate is 'and tall'.
Word-by-word analysis· 7 words
כִּ֤יforconj וְ · כִּי (H3588)Particle or relational elementכִּי (H3588) 'for'.
לֹ֣אnotneg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'not'.
מִ֭מּוֹצָאthe utterance ofprep + N com m sg abs · מוֹצָא (H4161)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מוֹצָא (H4161) 'the utterance of'.
וּמִֽמַּעֲרָ֑בandconj וְ + prep + N com m sg abs · מַעֲרָב (H4628)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מַעֲרָב (H4628) 'and'.
וְ֝לֹ֗אand notconj וְ + neg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'and not'.
מִמִּדְבַּ֥רfrom the wilderness ofprep + N com m sg constr · מִדְבָּר (H4057)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מִדְבָּר (H4057) 'from the wilderness of'.
הָרִֽיםand tallHiphil inf constr · רוּם (H7311)Infinitive construct→ Infinitive construct: purpose, result, or complementרוּם (H7311) 'and tall'.
8
כִּֽי אֱלֹהִ֥ים שֹׁפֵ֑ט זֶ֥ה יַ֝שְׁפִּ֗יל וְזֶ֣ה יָרִֽים
For God and judge this abase and this raised.
kî-clause (causal, recitative, or evidential). Participle — attendant circumstance or substantival actor. Lead predicate is 'and judge'.
Word-by-word analysis· 7 words
כִּֽיforconj וְ · כִּי (H3588)Particle or relational elementכִּי (H3588) 'for'.
אֱלֹהִ֥יםGodN c · אֱלֹהִים (H430)Construct chain (genitival)אֱלֹהִים (H430) 'God'.
שֹׁפֵ֑טand judgeQal ptc ms · שָׁפַט (H8199)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorשָׁפַט (H8199) 'and judge'.
זֶ֥הthisdem. pron xms · זֶה (H2088)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)זֶה (H2088) 'this'.
יַ֝שְׁפִּ֗ילabaseHiphil impf 3ms · שָׁפֵל (H8213)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalשָׁפֵל (H8213) 'abase'.
וְזֶ֣הand thisconj וְ + dem. pron xms · זֶה (H2088)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)זֶה (H2088) 'and this'.
יָרִֽיםraisedHiphil impf 3ms · רוּם (H7311)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalרוּם (H7311) 'raised'.
9
כִּ֤י כ֪וֹס בְּֽיַד יְהוָ֡ה וְיַ֤יִן חָמַ֨ר מָ֥לֵא מֶסֶךְ֮ וַיַּגֵּ֪ר מִ֫זֶּ֥ה אַךְ שְׁ֭מָרֶיהָ יִמְצ֣וּ יִשְׁתּ֑וּ כֹּ֝֗ל רִשְׁעֵי אָֽרֶץ
For cup of by the hand of YHWH and wine and she coated it full of mixture fall from here only dregs and it shall be drained out they drank all the wicked the land of.
kî-clause (causal, recitative, or evidential). Qatal — perfective or stative predication. Lead predicate is 'and she coated it'.
Word-by-word analysis· 17 words
כִּ֤יforconj וְ · כִּי (H3588)Particle or relational elementכִּי (H3588) 'for'.
כ֪וֹסcup ofN c · כּוֹס (H3563)Construct chain (genitival)כּוֹס (H3563) 'cup of'.
בְּֽיַדby the hand ofprep + N com c sg constr · יָד (H3027)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יָד (H3027) 'by the hand of'.
יְהוָ֡הYHWHN · יְהוָה (H3068)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוָה (H3068) 'YHWH'.
וְיַ֤יִןand wineconj וְ + N com m sg abs · יַיִן (H3196)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יַיִן (H3196) 'and wine'.
חָמַ֨רand she coated itQal perf 3ms · חָמַר (H2560)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actחָמַר (H2560) 'and she coated it'.
מָ֥לֵאfull ofAdj · מָלֵא (H4392)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מָלֵא (H4392) 'full of'.
מֶסֶךְ֮mixtureN c · מֶסֶךְ (H4538)Construct chain (genitival)מֶסֶךְ (H4538) 'mixture'.
וַיַּגֵּ֪רfallconj וְ + Hiphil wayyiqtol 3ms · נָגַר (H5064)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceנָגַר (H5064) 'fall'.
מִ֫זֶּ֥הfrom hereprep + dem. pron xms · זֶה (H2088)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)זֶה (H2088) 'from here'.
אַךְonlyparticle · אַךְ (H389)Particle or relational elementאַךְ (H389) 'only'.
שְׁ֭מָרֶיהָdregsN c · שֶׁמֶר (H8105)Construct chain (genitival)שֶׁמֶר (H8105) 'dregs'.
יִמְצ֣וּand it shall be drained outQal impf 3mp · מָצָה (H4680)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalמָצָה (H4680) 'and it shall be drained out'.
יִשְׁתּ֑וּthey drankQal impf 3mp · שָׁתָה (H8354)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalשָׁתָה (H8354) 'they drank'.
כֹּ֝֗לallN c · כֹּל (H3605)Construct chain (genitival)כֹּל (H3605) 'all'.
רִשְׁעֵיthe wickedAdj · רָשָׁע (H7563)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)רָשָׁע (H7563) 'the wicked'.
אָֽרֶץthe land ofN c · אֶרֶץ (H776)Construct chain (genitival)אֶרֶץ (H776) 'the land of'.
10
וַ֭אֲנִי אַגִּ֣יד לְעֹלָ֑ם אֲ֝זַמְּרָ֗ה לֵאלֹהֵ֥י יַעֲקֹֽב
And I and it was told forever I will make music to the God of Jacob.
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'and it was told'.
Word-by-word analysis· 6 words
וַ֭אֲנִיand Iconj וְ + pron 1cs · אֲנִי (H589)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֲנִי (H589) 'and I'.
אַגִּ֣ידand it was toldHiphil impf 1cs · נָגַד (H5046)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalנָגַד (H5046) 'and it was told'.
לְעֹלָ֑םforeverprep + N com m sg abs · עוֹלָם (H5769)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עוֹלָם (H5769) 'forever'.
אֲ֝זַמְּרָ֗הI will make musicPiel cohortative 1cs · זָמַר (H2167)Predicate verb (weqatal / cohortative)→ Weqatal/cohortative: sequential or volitionalזָמַר (H2167) 'I will make music'.
לֵאלֹהֵ֥יto the God ofprep + N com m pl constr · אֱלֹהִים (H430)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֱלֹהִים (H430) 'to the God of'.
יַעֲקֹֽבJacobN · יַעֲקֹב (H3290)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יַעֲקֹב (H3290) 'Jacob'.
11
וְכָל קַרְנֵ֣י רְשָׁעִ֣ים אֲגַדֵּ֑עַ תְּ֝רוֹמַ֗מְנָה קַֽרְנ֥וֹת צַדִּֽיק
And all its horns the wicked you shall hew down and tall the horns of righteous.
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'you shall hew down'. Closes the chapter.
Word-by-word analysis· 7 words
וְכָלand allconj וְ + N com m sg constr · כֹּל (H3605)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)כֹּל (H3605) 'and all'.
קַרְנֵ֣יits hornsN c · קֶרֶן (H7161)Construct chain (genitival)קֶרֶן (H7161) 'its horns'.
רְשָׁעִ֣יםthe wickedAdj · רָשָׁע (H7563)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)רָשָׁע (H7563) 'the wicked'.
אֲגַדֵּ֑עַyou shall hew downPiel impf 1cs · גָּדַע (H1438)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalגָּדַע (H1438) 'you shall hew down'.
תְּ֝רוֹמַ֗מְנָהand tallPolal impf 3fp · רוּם (H7311)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalרוּם (H7311) 'and tall'.
קַֽרְנ֥וֹתthe horns ofN c · קֶרֶן (H7161)Construct chain (genitival)קֶרֶן (H7161) 'the horns of'.
צַדִּֽיקrighteousAdj · צַדִּיק (H6662)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)צַדִּיק (H6662) 'righteous'.