Hebrew Text · Translation · Interlinear · Discourse Structure

The Book of Psalms, Chapter 70תהלים 70

Each verse opens with the running Hebrew, an English translation, and a discourse note (its connective, relation, and role in the argument). Below follows the word-by-word breakdown in six tiers: gloss, case/state or parsing, syntax, semantic force, and a lexical note.

Case Nominative Genitive Dative Accusative Vocative Verb (no case) Indeclinable

Discourse notes head each verse: relation · connective · clause-flow. Indentation marks prominence — flush-left = main line of argument; indented = supporting / subordinate material.

Theme

Psalms 70 (6 verses in the MT) opens: Excel to and you shall remember. The middle of the chapter continues: They will return on because to and he said ah ah. It closes: And I poor and needy God and hastens to me a helper and you YHWH do not you shall delay.

Translation & textual notes

The Hebrew base text here follows the Masoretic Text in the Leningrad tradition as represented by the Westminster Leningrad Codex / MorphHB diplomatic stream imported from OSHB; distinctively copyrighted apparatus from BHS or BHQ is not reproduced. Psalms 70 comprises 6 verses in MT order. Movement I (vv. 1-4) — Excel to and you shall remember. Excel to and you shall remember. God has delivered YHWH to the help of and hastens. Were ashamed and seeking my soul backslider backward you have humiliated me delight in the evil. They will return on because to and he said ah ah. Movement II (vv. 5-6) — He rejoiced and you shall rejoice among you all seeking and they said co. He rejoiced and you shall rejoice among you all seeking and they said continually grows up God to love his salvation. And I poor and needy God and hastens to me a helper and you YHWH do not you shall delay. Where English printed Bibles divide verses differently, this annotation follows MT versification throughout.

1

לַ֝מְנַצֵּ֗חַ לְדָוִ֥ד לְהַזְכִּֽיר

Excel to and you shall remember.

Participle — attendant circumstance or substantival actorasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Participle — attendant circumstance or substantival actor. Lead predicate is 'excel'. Opens the chapter.
Word-by-word analysis· 3 words
לַ֝מְנַצֵּ֗חַexcelprep + art + Piel ptc ms · נָצַח (H5329)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorנָצַח (H5329) 'excel'.
לְדָוִ֥דtoprep + N proper · דָּוִד (H1732)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)דָּוִד (H1732) 'to'.
לְהַזְכִּֽירand you shall rememberprep + Hiphil inf constr · זָכַר (H2142)Infinitive construct→ Infinitive construct: purpose, result, or complementזָכַר (H2142) 'and you shall remember'.
2

אֱלֹהִ֥ים לְהַצִּילֵ֑נִי יְ֝הוָ֗ה לְעֶזְרָ֥תִי חֽוּשָֽׁה

God has delivered YHWH to the help of and hastens.

Infinitive construct — purpose, result, or complementasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Infinitive construct — purpose, result, or complement. Lead predicate is 'has delivered'.
Word-by-word analysis· 5 words
אֱלֹהִ֥יםGodN c · אֱלֹהִים (H430)Construct chain (genitival)אֱלֹהִים (H430) 'God'.
לְהַצִּילֵ֑נִיhas deliveredprep + Hiphil inf constr + sfx 1cs · נָצַל (H5337)Infinitive construct→ Infinitive construct: purpose, result, or complementנָצַל (H5337) 'has delivered'.
יְ֝הוָ֗הYHWHN · יְהוָה (H3068)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוָה (H3068) 'YHWH'.
לְעֶזְרָ֥תִיto the help ofprep + N com f sg constr + sfx 1cs · עֶזְרָה (H5833)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עֶזְרָה (H5833) 'to the help of'.
חֽוּשָֽׁהand hastensQal impv 2ms + Sh · חוּשׁ (H2363)Predicate verb (imperative)→ Volitional: imperativeחוּשׁ (H2363) 'and hastens'.
3

יֵבֹ֣שׁוּ וְיַחְפְּרוּ֮ מְבַקְשֵׁ֪י נַ֫פְשִׁ֥י יִסֹּ֣גוּ אָ֭חוֹר וְיִכָּלְמ֑וּ חֲ֝פֵצֵ֗י רָעָתִֽי

Were ashamed and seeking my soul backslider backward you have humiliated me delight in the evil.

Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-orientedasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'were ashamed'.
Word-by-word analysis· 9 words
יֵבֹ֣שׁוּwere ashamedQal impf 3mp · בּוּשׁ (H954)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalבּוּשׁ (H954) 'were ashamed'.
וְיַחְפְּרוּ֮andconj וְ + Qal impf 3mp · חָפֵר (H2659)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalחָפֵר (H2659) 'and'.
מְבַקְשֵׁ֪יseekingPiel ptc mp · בִּקֵּשׁ (H1245)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorבִּקֵּשׁ (H1245) 'seeking'.
נַ֫פְשִׁ֥יmy soulN c · נֶפֶשׁ (H5315)Construct chain (genitival)נֶפֶשׁ (H5315) 'my soul'.
יִסֹּ֣גוּbacksliderN · סוּג (H5472)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)סוּג (H5472) 'backslider'.
אָ֭חוֹרbackwardN c · אָחוֹר (H268)Construct chain (genitival)אָחוֹר (H268) 'backward'.
וְיִכָּלְמ֑וּyou have humiliated meconj וְ + Niphal impf 3mp · כָּלַם (H3637)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalכָּלַם (H3637) 'you have humiliated me'.
חֲ֝פֵצֵ֗יdelight inAdj · חָפֵץ (H2655)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)חָפֵץ (H2655) 'delight in'.
רָעָתִֽיthe evilN c · רַע (H7451)Construct chain (genitival)רַע (H7451) 'the evil'.
4

יָ֭שׁוּבוּ עַל עֵ֣קֶב בָּשְׁתָּ֑ם הָ֝אֹמְרִ֗ים הֶ֘אָ֥ח הֶאָֽח

They will return on because to and he said ah ah.

Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-orientedasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'they will return'. Speech formula or quoted address.
Word-by-word analysis· 7 words
יָ֭שׁוּבוּthey will returnQal impf 3mp · שׁוּב (H7725)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalשׁוּב (H7725) 'they will return'.
עַלonprep · עַל (H5921)Particle or relational elementעַל (H5921) 'on'.
עֵ֣קֶבbecauseN c · עֵקֶב (H6118)Construct chain (genitival)עֵקֶב (H6118) 'because'.
בָּשְׁתָּ֑םtoN c · בֹּשֶׁת (H1322)Construct chain (genitival)בֹּשֶׁת (H1322) 'to'.
הָ֝אֹמְרִ֗יםand he saidart + Qal ptc mp · אָמַר (H559)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorאָמַר (H559) 'and he said'.
הֶ֘אָ֥חahparticle · הֶאָח (H1889)Particle or relational elementהֶאָח (H1889) 'ah'.
הֶאָֽחahparticle · הֶאָח (H1889)Particle or relational elementהֶאָח (H1889) 'ah'.
5

יָ֘שִׂ֤ישׂוּ וְיִשְׂמְח֨וּ בְּךָ֗ כָּֽל מְבַ֫קְשֶׁ֥יךָ וְיֹאמְר֣וּ תָ֭מִיד יִגְדַּ֣ל אֱלֹהִ֑ים אֹ֝הֲבֵ֗י יְשׁוּעָתֶֽךָ

He rejoiced and you shall rejoice among you all seeking and they said continually grows up God to love his salvation.

Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-orientedasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'he rejoiced'. Speech formula or quoted address.
Word-by-word analysis· 11 words
יָ֘שִׂ֤ישׂוּhe rejoicedQal impf 3mp · שׂוּשׂ (H7797)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalשׂוּשׂ (H7797) 'he rejoiced'.
וְיִשְׂמְח֨וּand you shall rejoiceconj וְ + Qal impf 3mp · שָׂמַח (H8055)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalשָׂמַח (H8055) 'and you shall rejoice'.
בְּךָ֗among youprep + sfx 2msParticle or relational elementFunction word: 'among you'.
כָּֽלallN c · כֹּל (H3605)Construct chain (genitival)כֹּל (H3605) 'all'.
מְבַ֫קְשֶׁ֥יךָseekingPiel ptc mp + sfx 2ms · בִּקֵּשׁ (H1245)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorבִּקֵּשׁ (H1245) 'seeking'.
וְיֹאמְר֣וּand they saidconj וְ + Qal impf 3mp · אָמַר (H559)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalאָמַר (H559) 'and they said'.
תָ֭מִידcontinuallyN c · תָּמִיד (H8548)Construct chain (genitival)תָּמִיד (H8548) 'continually'.
יִגְדַּ֣לgrows upQal impf 3ms · גָּדַל (H1431)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalגָּדַל (H1431) 'grows up'.
אֱלֹהִ֑יםGodN c · אֱלֹהִים (H430)Construct chain (genitival)אֱלֹהִים (H430) 'God'.
אֹ֝הֲבֵ֗יto loveQal ptc mp · אָהַב (H157)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorאָהַב (H157) 'to love'.
יְשׁוּעָתֶֽךָhis salvationN c · יְשׁוּעָה (H3444)Construct chain (genitival)יְשׁוּעָה (H3444) 'his salvation'.
6

וַאֲנִ֤י עָנִ֣י וְאֶבְיוֹן֮ אֱלֹהִ֪ים חֽוּשָׁ֫ה לִּ֥י עֶזְרִ֣י וּמְפַלְטִ֣י אַ֑תָּה יְ֝הוָ֗ה אַל תְּאַחַֽר

And I poor and needy God and hastens to me a helper and you YHWH do not you shall delay.

Imperative — volitional addresswə
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Imperative — volitional address. Lead predicate is 'and hastens'. Closes the chapter.
Word-by-word analysis· 12 words
וַאֲנִ֤יand Iconj וְ + pron 1cs · אֲנִי (H589)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֲנִי (H589) 'and I'.
עָנִ֣יpoorAdj · עָנִי (H6041)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עָנִי (H6041) 'poor'.
וְאֶבְיוֹן֮and needyconj וְ + Adj · אֶבְיוֹן (H34)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֶבְיוֹן (H34) 'and needy'.
אֱלֹהִ֪יםGodN c · אֱלֹהִים (H430)Construct chain (genitival)אֱלֹהִים (H430) 'God'.
חֽוּשָׁ֫הand hastensQal impv 2ms + Sh · חוּשׁ (H2363)Predicate verb (imperative)→ Volitional: imperativeחוּשׁ (H2363) 'and hastens'.
לִּ֥יto meprep + sfx 1csParticle or relational elementFunction word: 'to me'.
עֶזְרִ֣יa helperN c · עֵזֶר (H5828)Construct chain (genitival)עֵזֶר (H5828) 'a helper'.
וּמְפַלְטִ֣יandconj וְ + Piel ptc ms + sfx 1cs · פָּלַט (H6403)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorפָּלַט (H6403) 'and'.
אַ֑תָּהyoupron 2ms · אַתָּה (H859)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אַתָּה (H859) 'you'.
יְ֝הוָ֗הYHWHN · יְהוָה (H3068)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוָה (H3068) 'YHWH'.
אַלdo notneg. · אַל (H408)Particle or relational elementאַל (H408) 'do not'.
תְּאַחַֽרyou shall delayPiel jussive 2ms · אָחַר (H309)Predicate verb (jussive)→ Jussive: volitionalאָחַר (H309) 'you shall delay'.