Hebrew Text · Translation · Interlinear · Discourse Structure

The Book of Psalms, Chapter 50תהלים 50

Each verse opens with the running Hebrew, an English translation, and a discourse note (its connective, relation, and role in the argument). Below follows the word-by-word breakdown in six tiers: gloss, case/state or parsing, syntax, semantic force, and a lexical note.

Case Nominative Genitive Dative Accusative Vocative Verb (no case) Indeclinable

Discourse notes head each verse: relation · connective · clause-flow. Indentation marks prominence — flush-left = main line of argument; indented = supporting / subordinate material.

Theme

Psalms 50 (23 verses in the MT) opens: [A Psalm of Asaph.] The mighty God, YHWH, has spoken, and called the earth from the rising of the sun to the going down thereof. The middle of the chapter continues: If I were hungry, I would not tell you: for the world mine, and the fulness thereof. It closes: Whoso offereth praise glorifieth me: and to him that ordereth conversation will I shew the salvation of God.

Translation & textual notes

The Hebrew base text here follows the Masoretic Text in the Leningrad tradition as represented by the Westminster Leningrad Codex / MorphHB diplomatic stream imported from OSHB; distinctively copyrighted apparatus from BHS or BHQ is not reproduced. Psalms 50 comprises 23 verses in MT order. Movement I (vv. 1-5) — [A Psalm of Asaph. [A Psalm of Asaph.] The mighty God, YHWH, has spoken, and called the earth from the rising of the sun to the going down thereof. Out of Zion, the perfection of beauty, God has shined. Our God shall come, and shall not keep silence: a fire shall devour before him, and it shall be very tempestuous round about him. He shall call to the heavens from above, and. Movement II (vv. 6-10) — And the heavens shall declare his righteousness: for God judge himself. And the heavens shall declare his righteousness: for God judge himself. Selah. Hear, O my people, and I will speak; O Israel, and I will testify against you: I God, your God. I will not reprove you for your sacrifices or your burnt offerings, continually before me. I will take no bullock out of your house, he goats out of your folds. For every beast of the. Movement III (vv. 11-15) — I know all the fowls of the mountains: and the wild beasts of the field. I know all the fowls of the mountains: and the wild beasts of the field mine. If I were hungry, I would not tell you: for the world mine, and the fulness thereof. Will I eat the flesh of bulls, or drink the blood of goats? Offer to God thanksgiving; and pay your vows to the most High: And call upon me in the day of trouble: I will deliver you, and you shall. Movement IV (vv. 16-20) — But to the wicked God says, What have you to do to declare my statutes,. But to the wicked God says, What have you to do to declare my statutes, or you shouldest take my covenant in your mouth? Seeing you hatest instruction, and castest my words behind you. When you sawest a thief, then you consentedst with him, and have been partaker with adulterers. You givest your mouth to evil, and your tongue frameth deceit. You sittest. Movement V (vv. 21-23) — These have you done, and I kept silence; you thoughtest that I was altog. These have you done, and I kept silence; you thoughtest that I was altogether as thyself: I will reprove you, and set in order before your eyes. Now consider this, you that forget God, lest I tear in pieces, and none to deliver. Whoso offereth praise glorifieth me: and to him that ordereth conversation will I shew the salvation of God. Where English printed Bibles divide verses differently, this annotation follows MT versification throughout.

1

מִזְמ֗וֹר לְאָ֫סָ֥ף אֵ֤ל אֱֽלֹהִ֡ים יְֽהוָ֗ה דִּבֶּ֥ר וַיִּקְרָא אָ֑רֶץ מִמִּזְרַח שֶׁ֝֗מֶשׁ עַד מְבֹאֽוֹ

[A Psalm of Asaph.] The mighty God, YHWH, has spoken, and called the earth from the rising of the sun to the going down thereof.

Qatal — perfective or stative predicationasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Qatal — perfective or stative predication. Lead predicate is 'speak'. Opens the chapter. Speech formula or quoted address.
Word-by-word analysis· 12 words
מִזְמ֗וֹרpsalmN c · מִזְמוֹר (H4210)Construct chain (genitival)מִזְמוֹר (H4210) 'psalm'.
לְאָ֫סָ֥ףAsaphprep + N proper · אָסָף (H623)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אָסָף (H623) 'Asaph'.
אֵ֤לGodN c · אֵל (H410)Construct chain (genitival)אֵל (H410) 'God'.
אֱֽלֹהִ֡יםGodN c · אֱלֹהִים (H430)Construct chain (genitival)אֱלֹהִים (H430) 'God'.
יְֽהוָ֗הYHWHN · יְהוָה (H3068)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוָה (H3068) 'YHWH'.
דִּבֶּ֥רspeakPiel perf 3ms · דִּבֶּר (H1696)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actדִּבֶּר (H1696) 'speak'.
וַיִּקְרָאand he calledconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · קָרָא (H7121)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceקָרָא (H7121) 'and he called'.
אָ֑רֶץthe land ofN c · אֶרֶץ (H776)Construct chain (genitival)אֶרֶץ (H776) 'the land of'.
מִמִּזְרַחfrom the eastprep + N com m sg constr · מִזְרָח (H4217)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מִזְרָח (H4217) 'from the east'.
שֶׁ֝֗מֶשׁsunN c · שֶׁמֶשׁ (H8121)Construct chain (genitival)שֶׁמֶשׁ (H8121) 'sun'.
עַדuntilprep · עַד (H5704)Particle or relational elementעַד (H5704) 'until'.
מְבֹאֽוֹthe going down ofN c · מָבוֹא (H3996)Construct chain (genitival)מָבוֹא (H3996) 'the going down of'.
2

מִצִּיּ֥וֹן מִכְלַל יֹ֗פִי אֱלֹהִ֥ים הוֹפִֽיעַ

Out of Zion, the perfection of beauty, God has shined.

Qatal — perfective or stative predicationasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Qatal — perfective or stative predication. Lead predicate is 'he shone forth'.
Word-by-word analysis· 5 words
מִצִּיּ֥וֹןZionprep + N proper · צִיּוֹן (H6726)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)צִיּוֹן (H6726) 'Zion'.
מִכְלַלperfectionN c · מִכְלָל (H4359)Construct chain (genitival)מִכְלָל (H4359) 'perfection'.
יֹ֗פִיbeautyN c · יֳפִי (H3308)Construct chain (genitival)יֳפִי (H3308) 'beauty'.
אֱלֹהִ֥יםGodN c · אֱלֹהִים (H430)Construct chain (genitival)אֱלֹהִים (H430) 'God'.
הוֹפִֽיעַhe shone forthHiphil perf 3ms · יָפַע (H3313)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actיָפַע (H3313) 'he shone forth'.
3

יָ֤בֹ֥א אֱלֹהֵ֗ינוּ וְֽאַל יֶ֫חֱרַ֥שׁ אֵשׁ לְפָנָ֥יו תֹּאכֵ֑ל וּ֝סְבִיבָ֗יו נִשְׂעֲרָ֥ה מְאֹֽד

Our God shall come, and shall not keep silence: a fire shall devour before him, and it shall be very tempestuous round about him.

Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-orientedasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'shall enter'.
Word-by-word analysis· 10 words
יָ֤בֹ֥אshall enterQal impf 3ms · בּוֹא (H935)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalבּוֹא (H935) 'shall enter'.
אֱלֹהֵ֗ינוּour GodN c · אֱלֹהִים (H430)Construct chain (genitival)אֱלֹהִים (H430) 'our God'.
וְֽאַלand do notconj וְ + neg. · אַל (H408)Particle or relational elementאַל (H408) 'and do not'.
יֶ֫חֱרַ֥שׁand is silentQal jussive 3ms · חָרַשׁ (H2790)Predicate verb (jussive)→ Jussive: volitionalחָרַשׁ (H2790) 'and is silent'.
אֵשׁfireN c · אֵשׁ (H784)Construct chain (genitival)אֵשׁ (H784) 'fire'.
לְפָנָ֥יוbefore himprep + N com c pl constr + sfx 3ms · פָּנִים (H6440)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)פָּנִים (H6440) 'before him'.
תֹּאכֵ֑לyou shall eatQal impf 3fs · אָכַל (H398)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalאָכַל (H398) 'you shall eat'.
וּ֝סְבִיבָ֗יוall aroundconj וְ + N com c sg constr + sfx 3ms · סָבִיב (H5439)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)סָבִיב (H5439) 'all around'.
נִשְׂעֲרָ֥הthey fearedN · שָׂעַר (H8175)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שָׂעַר (H8175) 'they feared'.
מְאֹֽדveryart · מְאֹד (H3966)Particle or relational elementמְאֹד (H3966) 'very'.
4

יִקְרָ֣א אֶל הַשָּׁמַ֣יִם מֵעָ֑ל וְאֶל הָ֝אָ֗רֶץ לָדִ֥ין עַמּֽוֹ

He shall call to the heavens from above, and to the earth, that he may judge his people.

Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-orientedasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'shall be called'. Speech formula or quoted address.
Word-by-word analysis· 8 words
יִקְרָ֣אshall be calledQal impf 3ms · קָרָא (H7121)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalקָרָא (H7121) 'shall be called'.
אֶלtoprep · אֶל (H413)Particle or relational elementאֶל (H413) 'to'.
הַשָּׁמַ֣יִםthe heavensart + N com m pl abs · שָׁמַיִם (H8064)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שָׁמַיִם (H8064) 'the heavens'.
מֵעָ֑לaboveprep + N com m sg abs · עַל (H5920)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עַל (H5920) 'above'.
וְאֶלand toconj וְ + prep · אֶל (H413)Particle or relational elementאֶל (H413) 'and to'.
הָ֝אָ֗רֶץthe landart + N com c sg abs · אֶרֶץ (H776)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֶרֶץ (H776) 'the land'.
לָדִ֥יןwill vindicateprep + Qal inf constr · דִּין (H1777)Infinitive construct→ Infinitive construct: purpose, result, or complementדִּין (H1777) 'will vindicate'.
עַמּֽוֹhis peopleN c · עַם (H5971)Construct chain (genitival)עַם (H5971) 'his people'.
5

אִסְפוּ לִ֥י חֲסִידָ֑י כֹּרְתֵ֖י בְרִיתִ֣י עֲלֵי זָֽבַח

Gather my saints together to me; those that have made a covenant with me by sacrifice.

Imperative — volitional address
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Imperative — volitional address. Lead predicate is 'and he gathered'.
Word-by-word analysis· 7 words
אִסְפוּand he gatheredQal impv 2mp · אָסַף (H622)Predicate verb (imperative)→ Volitional: imperativeאָסַף (H622) 'and he gathered'.
לִ֥יto meprep + sfx 1csParticle or relational elementFunction word: 'to me'.
חֲסִידָ֑יyour loyal oneAdj · חָסִיד (H2623)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)חָסִיד (H2623) 'your loyal one'.
כֹּרְתֵ֖יI cutQal ptc mp · כָּרַת (H3772)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorכָּרַת (H3772) 'I cut'.
בְרִיתִ֣יmy covenantN c · בְּרִית (H1285)Construct chain (genitival)בְּרִית (H1285) 'my covenant'.
עֲלֵיagainst meprep · עַל (H5921)Particle or relational elementעַל (H5921) 'against me'.
זָֽבַחthe sacrifice ofN c · זֶבַח (H2077)Construct chain (genitival)זֶבַח (H2077) 'the sacrifice of'.
6

וַיַּגִּ֣ידוּ שָׁמַ֣יִם צִדְק֑וֹ כִּֽי אֱלֹהִ֓ים שֹׁפֵ֖ט ה֣וּא סֶֽלָה

And the heavens shall declare his righteousness: for God judge himself. Selah.

Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action. Lead predicate is 'and told'.
Word-by-word analysis· 8 words
וַיַּגִּ֣ידוּand toldconj וְ + Hiphil wayyiqtol 3mp · נָגַד (H5046)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceנָגַד (H5046) 'and told'.
שָׁמַ֣יִםheavenN c · שָׁמַיִם (H8064)Construct chain (genitival)שָׁמַיִם (H8064) 'heaven'.
צִדְק֑וֹjustN c · צֶדֶק (H6664)Construct chain (genitival)צֶדֶק (H6664) 'just'.
כִּֽיforconj וְ · כִּי (H3588)Particle or relational elementכִּי (H3588) 'for'.
אֱלֹהִ֓יםGodN c · אֱלֹהִים (H430)Construct chain (genitival)אֱלֹהִים (H430) 'God'.
שֹׁפֵ֖טand judgeQal ptc ms · שָׁפַט (H8199)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorשָׁפַט (H8199) 'and judge'.
ה֣וּאhepron 3ms · הִיא (H1931)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)הִיא (H1931) 'he'.
סֶֽלָהSelahparticle · סֶלָה (H5542)Particle or relational elementסֶלָה (H5542) 'Selah'.
7

שִׁמְעָ֤ה עַמִּ֨י וַאֲדַבֵּ֗רָה יִ֭שְׂרָאֵל וְאָעִ֣ידָה בָּ֑ךְ אֱלֹהִ֖ים אֱלֹהֶ֣יךָ אָנֹֽכִי

Hear, O my people, and I will speak; O Israel, and I will testify against you: I God, your God.

Imperative — volitional addressasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Imperative — volitional address. Lead predicate is 'has heard'.
Word-by-word analysis· 9 words
שִׁמְעָ֤הhas heardQal impv 2ms + Sh · שָׁמַע (H8085)Predicate verb (imperative)→ Volitional: imperativeשָׁמַע (H8085) 'has heard'.
עַמִּ֨יmy peopleN c · עַם (H5971)Construct chain (genitival)עַם (H5971) 'my people'.
וַאֲדַבֵּ֗רָהand I will speakconj וְ + Piel cohortative 1cs · דִּבֶּר (H1696)Predicate verb (weqatal / cohortative)→ Weqatal/cohortative: sequential or volitionalדִּבֶּר (H1696) 'and I will speak'.
יִ֭שְׂרָאֵלIsraelN · יִשְׂרָאֵל (H3478)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יִשְׂרָאֵל (H3478) 'Israel'.
וְאָעִ֣ידָהand I may call to witnessconj וְ + Hiphil cohortative 1cs · עוּד (H5749)Predicate verb (weqatal / cohortative)→ Weqatal/cohortative: sequential or volitionalעוּד (H5749) 'and I may call to witness'.
בָּ֑ךְamong youprep + sfx 2fsParticle or relational elementFunction word: 'among you'.
אֱלֹהִ֖יםGodN c · אֱלֹהִים (H430)Construct chain (genitival)אֱלֹהִים (H430) 'God'.
אֱלֹהֶ֣יךָyour GodN c · אֱלֹהִים (H430)Construct chain (genitival)אֱלֹהִים (H430) 'your God'.
אָנֹֽכִיIpron 1cs · אָנֹכִי (H595)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אָנֹכִי (H595) 'I'.
8

לֹ֣א עַל זְ֭בָחֶיךָ אוֹכִיחֶ֑ךָ וְעוֹלֹתֶ֖יךָ לְנֶגְדִּ֣י תָמִֽיד

I will not reprove you for your sacrifices or your burnt offerings, continually before me.

Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-orientedasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'and you are vindicated'.
Word-by-word analysis· 7 words
לֹ֣אnotneg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'not'.
עַלonprep · עַל (H5921)Particle or relational elementעַל (H5921) 'on'.
זְ֭בָחֶיךָyour sacrificesN c · זֶבַח (H2077)Construct chain (genitival)זֶבַח (H2077) 'your sacrifices'.
אוֹכִיחֶ֑ךָand you are vindicatedHiphil impf 1cs + sfx 2ms · יָכַח (H3198)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalיָכַח (H3198) 'and you are vindicated'.
וְעוֹלֹתֶ֖יךָthe burnt offeringconj וְ + N com f pl constr + sfx 2ms · עֹלָה (H5930)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עֹלָה (H5930) 'the burnt offering'.
לְנֶגְדִּ֣יbefore meprep + prep + sfx 1cs · נֶגֶד (H5048)Particle or relational elementנֶגֶד (H5048) 'before me'.
תָמִֽידcontinuallyN c · תָּמִיד (H8548)Construct chain (genitival)תָּמִיד (H8548) 'continually'.
9

לֹא אֶקַּ֣ח מִבֵּיתְךָ֣ פָ֑ר מִ֝מִּכְלְאֹתֶ֗יךָ עַתּוּדִֽים

I will take no bullock out of your house, he goats out of your folds.

Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-orientedasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'I will take'.
Word-by-word analysis· 6 words
לֹאnotneg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'not'.
אֶקַּ֣חI will takeQal impf 1cs · לָקַח (H3947)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalלָקַח (H3947) 'I will take'.
מִבֵּיתְךָ֣the house ofprep + N com m sg constr + sfx 2ms · בַּיִת (H1004)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)בַּיִת (H1004) 'the house of'.
פָ֑רa bullN c · פַּר (H6499)Construct chain (genitival)פַּר (H6499) 'a bull'.
מִ֝מִּכְלְאֹתֶ֗יךָfromprep + N com c pl constr + sfx 2ms · מִכְלָאָה (H4356)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מִכְלָאָה (H4356) 'from'.
עַתּוּדִֽיםhe-goatsN c · עַתּוּד (H6260)Construct chain (genitival)עַתּוּד (H6260) 'he-goats'.
10

כִּי לִ֥י כָל חַיְתוֹ יָ֑עַר בְּ֝הֵמ֗וֹת בְּהַרְרֵי אָֽלֶף

For every beast of the forest mine, the cattle upon a thousand hills.

Linked non-verbal clause
kî-clause (causal, recitative, or evidential). Linked non-verbal clause.
Word-by-word analysis· 8 words
כִּיforconj וְ · כִּי (H3588)Particle or relational elementכִּי (H3588) 'for'.
לִ֥יto meprep + sfx 1csParticle or relational elementFunction word: 'to me'.
כָלallN c · כֹּל (H3605)Construct chain (genitival)כֹּל (H3605) 'all'.
חַיְתוֹaliveN c · חַי (H2416)Construct chain (genitival)חַי (H2416) 'alive'.
יָ֑עַרforestN c · יַעַר (H3293)Construct chain (genitival)יַעַר (H3293) 'forest'.
בְּ֝הֵמ֗וֹתbeastsN c · בְּהֵמָה (H929)Construct chain (genitival)בְּהֵמָה (H929) 'beasts'.
בְּהַרְרֵיthe mountains ofprep + N com m pl constr · הָרָר (H2042)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)הָרָר (H2042) 'the mountains of'.
אָֽלֶףthousandAdj · אֶלֶף (H505)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֶלֶף (H505) 'thousand'.
11

יָ֭דַעְתִּי כָּל ע֣וֹף הָרִ֑ים וְזִ֥יז שָׂ֝דַ֗י עִמָּדִֽי

I know all the fowls of the mountains: and the wild beasts of the field mine.

Qatal — perfective or stative predicationasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Qatal — perfective or stative predication. Lead predicate is 'I know'.
Word-by-word analysis· 7 words
יָ֭דַעְתִּיI knowQal perf 1cs · יָדַע (H3045)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actיָדַע (H3045) 'I know'.
כָּלallN c · כֹּל (H3605)Construct chain (genitival)כֹּל (H3605) 'all'.
ע֣וֹףbird ofN c · עוֹף (H5775)Construct chain (genitival)עוֹף (H5775) 'bird of'.
הָרִ֑יםhillsN c · הַר (H2022)Construct chain (genitival)הַר (H2022) 'hills'.
וְזִ֥יזfromconj וְ + N com m sg constr · זִיז (H2123)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)זִיז (H2123) 'from'.
שָׂ֝דַ֗יthe fieldN c · שָׂדֶה (H7704)Construct chain (genitival)שָׂדֶה (H7704) 'the field'.
עִמָּדִֽיwith meprep + sfx 1cs · עִמָּד (H5978)Particle or relational elementעִמָּד (H5978) 'with me'.
12

אִם אֶ֭רְעַב לֹא אֹ֣מַר לָ֑ךְ כִּי לִ֥י תֵ֝בֵ֗ל וּמְלֹאָֽהּ

If I were hungry, I would not tell you: for the world mine, and the fulness thereof.

Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-orientedʼim
Conditional ʼim. Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'and he let you hunger'. Speech formula or quoted address.
Word-by-word analysis· 9 words
אִםifconj וְ · אִם (H518)Particle or relational elementאִם (H518) 'if'.
אֶ֭רְעַבand he let you hungerQal impf 1cs · רָעֵב (H7456)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalרָעֵב (H7456) 'and he let you hunger'.
לֹאnotneg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'not'.
אֹ֣מַרhe saidQal impf 1cs · אָמַר (H559)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalאָמַר (H559) 'he said'.
לָ֑ךְto youprep + sfx 2fsParticle or relational elementFunction word: 'to you'.
כִּיforconj וְ · כִּי (H3588)Particle or relational elementכִּי (H3588) 'for'.
לִ֥יto meprep + sfx 1csParticle or relational elementFunction word: 'to me'.
תֵ֝בֵ֗לhabitable partN c · תֵּבֵל (H8398)Construct chain (genitival)תֵּבֵל (H8398) 'habitable part'.
וּמְלֹאָֽהּand its fullnessconj וְ + N com m sg constr + sfx 3fs · מְלֹא (H4393)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מְלֹא (H4393) 'and its fullness'.
13

הַֽ֭אוֹכַל בְּשַׂ֣ר אַבִּירִ֑ים וְדַ֖ם עַתּוּדִ֣ים אֶשְׁתֶּֽה

Will I eat the flesh of bulls, or drink the blood of goats?

Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-orientedasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'you shall eat'.
Word-by-word analysis· 6 words
הַֽ֭אוֹכַלyou shall eatinterrog. + Qal impf 1cs · אָכַל (H398)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalאָכַל (H398) 'you shall eat'.
בְּשַׂ֣רfleshN c · בָּשָׂר (H1320)Construct chain (genitival)בָּשָׂר (H1320) 'flesh'.
אַבִּירִ֑יםhis mighty onesAdj · אַבִּיר (H47)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אַבִּיר (H47) 'his mighty ones'.
וְדַ֖םand the blood ofconj וְ + N com m sg constr · דָּם (H1818)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)דָּם (H1818) 'and the blood of'.
עַתּוּדִ֣יםhe-goatsN c · עַתּוּד (H6260)Construct chain (genitival)עַתּוּד (H6260) 'he-goats'.
אֶשְׁתֶּֽהto drinkQal impf 1cs · שָׁתָה (H8354)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalשָׁתָה (H8354) 'to drink'.
14

זְבַ֣ח לֵאלֹהִ֣ים תּוֹדָ֑ה וְשַׁלֵּ֖ם לְעֶלְי֣וֹן נְדָרֶֽיךָ

Offer to God thanksgiving; and pay your vows to the most High:

Imperative — volitional addressasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Imperative — volitional address. Lead predicate is 'sacrifice'.
Word-by-word analysis· 6 words
זְבַ֣חsacrificeQal impv 2ms · זָבַח (H2076)Predicate verb (imperative)→ Volitional: imperativeזָבַח (H2076) 'sacrifice'.
לֵאלֹהִ֣יםas Godprep + N com m pl abs · אֱלֹהִים (H430)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֱלֹהִים (H430) 'as God'.
תּוֹדָ֑הthanksgivingN c · תּוֹדָה (H8426)Construct chain (genitival)תּוֹדָה (H8426) 'thanksgiving'.
וְשַׁלֵּ֖םthen he shall repayconj וְ + Piel impv 2ms · שָׁלַם (H7999)Predicate verb (imperative)→ Volitional: imperativeשָׁלַם (H7999) 'then he shall repay'.
לְעֶלְי֣וֹןMost Highprep + Adj · עֶלְיוֹן (H5945)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עֶלְיוֹן (H5945) 'Most High'.
נְדָרֶֽיךָyour vow offeringsN c · נֶדֶר (H5088)Construct chain (genitival)נֶדֶר (H5088) 'your vow offerings'.
15

וּ֭קְרָאֵנִי בְּי֣וֹם צָרָ֑ה אֲ֝חַלֶּצְךָ֗ וּֽתְכַבְּדֵֽנִי

And call upon me in the day of trouble: I will deliver you, and you shall glorify me.

Imperative — volitional address
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Imperative — volitional address. Lead predicate is 'and he called'. Speech formula or quoted address.
Word-by-word analysis· 5 words
וּ֭קְרָאֵנִיand he calledconj וְ + Qal impv 2ms + sfx 1cs · קָרָא (H7121)Predicate verb (imperative)→ Volitional: imperativeקָרָא (H7121) 'and he called'.
בְּי֣וֹםon the dayprep + N com m sg constr · יוֹם (H3117)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יוֹם (H3117) 'on the day'.
צָרָ֑הand troublesN c · צָרָה (H6869)Construct chain (genitival)צָרָה (H6869) 'and troubles'.
אֲ֝חַלֶּצְךָ֗armedPiel impf 1cs + sfx 2ms · חָלַץ (H2502)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalחָלַץ (H2502) 'armed'.
וּֽתְכַבְּדֵֽנִיand he hardenedconj וְ + Piel impf 2ms + sfx 1cs · כָּבֵד (H3513)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalכָּבֵד (H3513) 'and he hardened'.
16

וְלָ֤רָשָׁ֨ע אָ֘מַ֤ר אֱלֹהִ֗ים מַה לְּ֭ךָ לְסַפֵּ֣ר חֻקָּ֑י וַתִּשָּׂ֖א בְרִיתִ֣י עֲלֵי פִֽיךָ

But to the wicked God says, What have you to do to declare my statutes, or you shouldest take my covenant in your mouth?

Qatal — perfective or stative predication
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Qatal — perfective or stative predication. Lead predicate is 'he said'. Speech formula or quoted address.
Word-by-word analysis· 11 words
וְלָ֤רָשָׁ֨עthe wickedconj וְ + prep + art + Adj · רָשָׁע (H7563)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)רָשָׁע (H7563) 'the wicked'.
אָ֘מַ֤רhe saidQal perf 3ms · אָמַר (H559)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actאָמַר (H559) 'he said'.
אֱלֹהִ֗יםGodN c · אֱלֹהִים (H430)Construct chain (genitival)אֱלֹהִים (H430) 'God'.
מַהwhatinterrog. · מָה (H4100)Particle or relational elementמָה (H4100) 'what'.
לְּ֭ךָto youprep + sfx 2msParticle or relational elementFunction word: 'to you'.
לְסַפֵּ֣רto countprep + Piel inf constr · סָפַר (H5608)Infinitive construct→ Infinitive construct: purpose, result, or complementסָפַר (H5608) 'to count'.
חֻקָּ֑יthe statutes ofN c · חֹק (H2706)Construct chain (genitival)חֹק (H2706) 'the statutes of'.
וַתִּשָּׂ֖אand she liftedconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 2ms · נָשָׂא (H5375)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceנָשָׂא (H5375) 'and she lifted'.
בְרִיתִ֣יmy covenantN c · בְּרִית (H1285)Construct chain (genitival)בְּרִית (H1285) 'my covenant'.
עֲלֵיagainst meprep · עַל (H5921)Particle or relational elementעַל (H5921) 'against me'.
פִֽיךָyour mouthN c · פֶּה (H6310)Construct chain (genitival)פֶּה (H6310) 'your mouth'.
17

וְ֭אַתָּה שָׂנֵ֣אתָ מוּסָ֑ר וַתַּשְׁלֵ֖ךְ דְּבָרַ֣י אַחֲרֶֽיךָ

Seeing you hatest instruction, and castest my words behind you.

Qatal — perfective or stative predication
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Qatal — perfective or stative predication. Lead predicate is 'hating'.
Word-by-word analysis· 6 words
וְ֭אַתָּהand youconj וְ + pron 2ms · אַתָּה (H859)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אַתָּה (H859) 'and you'.
שָׂנֵ֣אתָhatingQal perf 2ms · שָׂנֵא (H8130)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actשָׂנֵא (H8130) 'hating'.
מוּסָ֑רthe discipline ofN c · מוּסָר (H4148)Construct chain (genitival)מוּסָר (H4148) 'the discipline of'.
וַתַּשְׁלֵ֖ךְand she castconj וְ + Hiphil wayyiqtol 2ms · שָׁלַךְ (H7993)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceשָׁלַךְ (H7993) 'and she cast'.
דְּבָרַ֣יthe words ofN c · דָּבָר (H1697)Construct chain (genitival)דָּבָר (H1697) 'the words of'.
אַחֲרֶֽיךָafter youprep + sfx 2ms · אַחַר (H310)Particle or relational elementאַחַר (H310) 'after you'.
18

אִם רָאִ֣יתָ גַ֭נָּב וַתִּ֣רֶץ עִמּ֑וֹ וְעִ֖ם מְנָאֲפִ֣ים חֶלְקֶֽךָ

When you sawest a thief, then you consentedst with him, and have been partaker with adulterers.

Qatal — perfective or stative predicationʼim
Conditional ʼim. Qatal — perfective or stative predication. Lead predicate is 'you saw'.
Word-by-word analysis· 8 words
אִםifconj וְ · אִם (H518)Particle or relational elementאִם (H518) 'if'.
רָאִ֣יתָyou sawQal perf 2ms · רָאָה (H7200)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actרָאָה (H7200) 'you saw'.
גַ֭נָּבthe thiefN c · גַּנָּב (H1590)Construct chain (genitival)גַּנָּב (H1590) 'the thief'.
וַתִּ֣רֶץand shall enjoyconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 2ms · רָצָה (H7521)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceרָצָה (H7521) 'and shall enjoy'.
עִמּ֑וֹwith himprep + sfx 3ms · עִם (H5973)Particle or relational elementעִם (H5973) 'with him'.
וְעִ֖םand withconj וְ + prep · עִם (H5973)Particle or relational elementעִם (H5973) 'and with'.
מְנָאֲפִ֣יםyou shall commit adulteryPiel ptc mp · נָאַף (H5003)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorנָאַף (H5003) 'you shall commit adultery'.
חֶלְקֶֽךָyour portionN c · חֵלֶק (H2506)Construct chain (genitival)חֵלֶק (H2506) 'your portion'.
19

פִּ֭יךָ שָׁלַ֣חְתָּ בְרָעָ֑ה וּ֝לְשׁוֹנְךָ֗ תַּצְמִ֥יד מִרְמָֽה

You givest your mouth to evil, and your tongue frameth deceit.

Qatal — perfective or stative predicationasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Qatal — perfective or stative predication. Lead predicate is 'you sent'.
Word-by-word analysis· 6 words
פִּ֭יךָyour mouthN c · פֶּה (H6310)Construct chain (genitival)פֶּה (H6310) 'your mouth'.
שָׁלַ֣חְתָּyou sentQal perf 2ms · שָׁלַח (H7971)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actשָׁלַח (H7971) 'you sent'.
בְרָעָ֑הin miseryprep + N com f sg abs · רַע (H7451)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)רַע (H7451) 'in misery'.
וּ֝לְשׁוֹנְךָ֗by their languagesconj וְ + N com c sg constr + sfx 2ms · לָשׁוֹן (H3956)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)לָשׁוֹן (H3956) 'by their languages'.
תַּצְמִ֥ידand he/it yoked himselfHiphil impf 3fs · צָמַד (H6775)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalצָמַד (H6775) 'and he/it yoked himself'.
מִרְמָֽהwith deceitN c · מִרְמָה (H4820)Construct chain (genitival)מִרְמָה (H4820) 'with deceit'.
20

תֵּ֭שֵׁב בְּאָחִ֣יךָ תְדַבֵּ֑ר בְּבֶֽן אִ֝מְּךָ֗ תִּתֶּן דֹּֽפִי

You sittest speakest against your brother; you slanderest your own mother's son.

Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-orientedasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'she shall remain'.
Word-by-word analysis· 7 words
תֵּ֭שֵׁבshe shall remainQal impf 2ms · יָשַׁב (H3427)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalיָשַׁב (H3427) 'she shall remain'.
בְּאָחִ֣יךָtoward your brotherprep + N com m sg constr + sfx 2ms · אָח (H251)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אָח (H251) 'toward your brother'.
תְדַבֵּ֑רyou shall speakPiel impf 2ms · דִּבֶּר (H1696)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalדִּבֶּר (H1696) 'you shall speak'.
בְּבֶֽןthe sons ofprep + N com m sg constr · בֵּן (H1121)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)בֵּן (H1121) 'the sons of'.
אִ֝מְּךָ֗your motherN c · אֵם (H517)Construct chain (genitival)אֵם (H517) 'your mother'.
תִּתֶּןyou shall giveQal impf 2ms · נָתַן (H5414)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalנָתַן (H5414) 'you shall give'.
דֹּֽפִיslanderestN c · דׇּפִי (H1848)Construct chain (genitival)דׇּפִי (H1848) 'slanderest'.
21

אֵ֤לֶּה עָשִׂ֨יתָ וְֽהֶחֱרַ֗שְׁתִּי דִּמִּ֗יתָ הֱֽיוֹת אֶֽהְיֶ֥ה כָמ֑וֹךָ אוֹכִיחֲךָ֖ וְאֶֽעֶרְכָ֣ה לְעֵינֶֽיךָ

These have you done, and I kept silence; you thoughtest that I was altogether as thyself: I will reprove you, and set in order before your eyes.

Qatal — perfective or stative predicationasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Qatal — perfective or stative predication. Lead predicate is 'you have done'.
Word-by-word analysis· 10 words
אֵ֤לֶּהthesedem. pron xcp · אֵלֶּה (H428)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֵלֶּה (H428) 'these'.
עָשִׂ֨יתָyou have doneQal perf 2ms · עָשָׂה (H6213)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actעָשָׂה (H6213) 'you have done'.
וְֽהֶחֱרַ֗שְׁתִּיand is silentconj וְ + Hiphil q 1cs · חָרַשׁ (H2790)Particle or relational elementחָרַשׁ (H2790) 'and is silent'.
דִּמִּ֗יתָI plannedPiel perf 2ms · דָּמָה (H1819)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actדָּמָה (H1819) 'I planned'.
הֱֽיוֹתthere beingQal inf constr · הָיָה (H1961)Infinitive construct→ Infinitive construct: purpose, result, or complementהָיָה (H1961) 'there being'.
אֶֽהְיֶ֥הI will beQal impf 1cs · הָיָה (H1961)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalהָיָה (H1961) 'I will be'.
כָמ֑וֹךָlike youprep + sfx 2ms · כְּמוֹ (H3644)Particle or relational elementכְּמוֹ (H3644) 'like you'.
אוֹכִיחֲךָ֖and you are vindicatedHiphil impf 1cs + sfx 2ms · יָכַח (H3198)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalיָכַח (H3198) 'and you are vindicated'.
וְאֶֽעֶרְכָ֣הand he arrangedconj וְ + Qal cohortative 1cs · עָרַךְ (H6186)Predicate verb (weqatal / cohortative)→ Weqatal/cohortative: sequential or volitionalעָרַךְ (H6186) 'and he arranged'.
לְעֵינֶֽיךָbefore your eyesprep + N com c du constr + sfx 2ms · עַיִן (H5869)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עַיִן (H5869) 'before your eyes'.
22

בִּֽינוּ נָ֣א זֹ֭את שֹׁכְחֵ֣י אֱל֑וֹהַּ פֶּן אֶ֝טְרֹ֗ף וְאֵ֣ין מַצִּֽיל

Now consider this, you that forget God, lest I tear in pieces, and none to deliver.

Imperative — volitional addressasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Imperative — volitional address. Lead predicate is 'consider'.
Word-by-word analysis· 9 words
בִּֽינוּconsiderQal impv 2mp · בִּין (H995)Predicate verb (imperative)→ Volitional: imperativeבִּין (H995) 'consider'.
נָ֣אpleaseparticle · נָא (H4994)Particle or relational elementנָא (H4994) 'please'.
זֹ֭אתthisdem. pron xfs · זֹאת (H2063)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)זֹאת (H2063) 'this'.
שֹׁכְחֵ֣יyou forgetQal ptc mp · שָׁכַח (H7911)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorשָׁכַח (H7911) 'you forget'.
אֱל֑וֹהַּGodN c · אֱלוֹהַּ (H433)Construct chain (genitival)אֱלוֹהַּ (H433) 'God'.
פֶּןlestconj וְ · פֶּן (H6435)Particle or relational elementפֶּן (H6435) 'lest'.
אֶ֝טְרֹ֗ףis torn/mauledQal impf 1cs · טָרַף (H2963)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalטָרַף (H2963) 'is torn/mauled'.
וְאֵ֣יןand there is noconj וְ + neg. · אַיִן (H369)Particle or relational elementאַיִן (H369) 'and there is no'.
מַצִּֽילone who deliversHiphil ptc ms · נָצַל (H5337)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorנָצַל (H5337) 'one who delivers'.
23

זֹבֵ֥חַ תּוֹדָ֗ה יְֽכַ֫בְּדָ֥נְנִי וְשָׂ֥ם דֶּ֑רֶךְ אַ֝רְאֶ֗נּוּ בְּיֵ֣שַׁע אֱלֹהִֽים

Whoso offereth praise glorifieth me: and to him that ordereth conversation will I shew the salvation of God.

Participle — attendant circumstance or substantival actorasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Participle — attendant circumstance or substantival actor. Lead predicate is 'sacrifice'. Closes the chapter.
Word-by-word analysis· 8 words
זֹבֵ֥חַsacrificeQal ptc ms · זָבַח (H2076)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorזָבַח (H2076) 'sacrifice'.
תּוֹדָ֗הthanksgivingN c · תּוֹדָה (H8426)Construct chain (genitival)תּוֹדָה (H8426) 'thanksgiving'.
יְֽכַ֫בְּדָ֥נְנִיand he hardenedPiel impf 3ms + sfx 1cs · כָּבֵד (H3513)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalכָּבֵד (H3513) 'and he hardened'.
וְשָׂ֥םand laysconj וְ + Qal ptc ms · שִׂים (H7760)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorשִׂים (H7760) 'and lays'.
דֶּ֑רֶךְthe way ofN c · דֶּרֶךְ (H1870)Construct chain (genitival)דֶּרֶךְ (H1870) 'the way of'.
אַ֝רְאֶ֗נּוּI see himHiphil impf 1cs + sfx 3ms · רָאָה (H7200)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalרָאָה (H7200) 'I see him'.
בְּיֵ֣שַׁעsafetyprep + N com m sg constr · יֶשַׁע (H3468)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יֶשַׁע (H3468) 'safety'.
אֱלֹהִֽיםGodN c · אֱלֹהִים (H430)Construct chain (genitival)אֱלֹהִים (H430) 'God'.