Hebrew Text · Translation · Interlinear · Discourse Structure

The Book of Psalms, Chapter 40תהלים 40

Each verse opens with the running Hebrew, an English translation, and a discourse note (its connective, relation, and role in the argument). Below follows the word-by-word breakdown in six tiers: gloss, case/state or parsing, syntax, semantic force, and a lexical note.

Case Nominative Genitive Dative Accusative Vocative Verb (no case) Indeclinable

Discourse notes head each verse: relation · connective · clause-flow. Indentation marks prominence — flush-left = main line of argument; indented = supporting / subordinate material.

Theme

Psalms 40 (18 verses in the MT) opens: Excel to psalm. The middle of the chapter continues: To just into the assembly of great behold the edge of not and ... was restrained YHWH you you know. It closes: And I poor and needy my Lord shall be reckoned to me to the help of and you the God of do not you shall delay.

Translation & textual notes

The Hebrew base text here follows the Masoretic Text in the Leningrad tradition as represented by the Westminster Leningrad Codex / MorphHB diplomatic stream imported from OSHB; distinctively copyrighted apparatus from BHS or BHQ is not reproduced. Psalms 40 comprises 18 verses in MT order. Movement I (vv. 1-4) — Excel to psalm. Excel to psalm. Let be gathered I wait YHWH and he stretched out to me and he heard their cry. And he went up the pit horrible as / like mire and he arose on the rock the feet of ready going. And he gave in the mouth of a song new your praise to our God shall they appear many and they feared trusting against YHWH. Movement II (vv. 5-8) — Happy are you the man that set YHWH confidence and not turns to proud an. Happy are you the man that set YHWH confidence and not turns to proud and deceitful. Many you have done you YHWH the God of to fulfill designs to us there is not and he arranged to you and it was told and I will speak and grew strong and he recounted. The sacrifice of or grain offering not you delight in the ears of digs to me a burnt offering a sin not you. Movement III (vv. 9-12) — To do favor the God of I do not desire and your Torah in the midst of fr. To do favor the God of I do not desire and your Torah in the midst of from your body. To just into the assembly of great behold the edge of not and ... was restrained YHWH you you know. Righteousness not that covers in the midst of my heart faithfulness deliverance I said not hide your steadfast love true an assembly of great. You YHWH not and ... was. Movement IV (vv. 13-16) — For compass against me evils until there is not the number of his means. For compass against me evils until there is not the number of his means can afford the iniquity of and not I have prevailed to see and grew strong hair the heads of his heart you forsake. It shall be accepted YHWH has delivered YHWH to the help of and hastens. Were ashamed and together seeking my soul you be swept away backslider backward you have. Movement V (vv. 17-18) — He rejoiced and you shall rejoice among you all seeking they say continu. He rejoiced and you shall rejoice among you all seeking they say continually grows up YHWH to love deliverance. And I poor and needy my Lord shall be reckoned to me to the help of and you the God of do not you shall delay. Where English printed Bibles divide verses differently, this annotation follows MT versification throughout.

1

לַ֝מְנַצֵּ֗חַ לְדָוִ֥ד מִזְמֽוֹר

Excel to psalm.

Participle — attendant circumstance or substantival actorasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Participle — attendant circumstance or substantival actor. Lead predicate is 'excel'. Opens the chapter.
Word-by-word analysis· 3 words
לַ֝מְנַצֵּ֗חַexcelprep + art + Piel ptc ms · נָצַח (H5329)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorנָצַח (H5329) 'excel'.
לְדָוִ֥דtoprep + N proper · דָּוִד (H1732)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)דָּוִד (H1732) 'to'.
מִזְמֽוֹרpsalmN c · מִזְמוֹר (H4210)Construct chain (genitival)מִזְמוֹר (H4210) 'psalm'.
2

קַוֺּ֣ה קִוִּ֣יתִי יְהוָ֑ה וַיֵּ֥ט אֵ֝לַ֗י וַיִּשְׁמַ֥ע שַׁוְעָתִֽי

Let be gathered I wait YHWH and he stretched out to me and he heard their cry.

Infinitive absolute — emphasis or attendant actionasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Infinitive absolute — emphasis or attendant action. Lead predicate is 'let be gathered'.
Word-by-word analysis· 7 words
קַוֺּ֣הlet be gatheredPiel inf abs · קָוָה (H6960)Infinitive absolute→ Infinitive absolute: emphasis or attendant actionקָוָה (H6960) 'let be gathered'.
קִוִּ֣יתִיI waitPiel perf 1cs · קָוָה (H6960)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actקָוָה (H6960) 'I wait'.
יְהוָ֑הYHWHN · יְהוָה (H3068)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוָה (H3068) 'YHWH'.
וַיֵּ֥טand he stretched outconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · נָטָה (H5186)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceנָטָה (H5186) 'and he stretched out'.
אֵ֝לַ֗יto meprep + sfx 1cs · אֶל (H413)Particle or relational elementאֶל (H413) 'to me'.
וַיִּשְׁמַ֥עand he heardconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · שָׁמַע (H8085)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceשָׁמַע (H8085) 'and he heard'.
שַׁוְעָתִֽיtheir cryN c · שַׁוְעָה (H7775)Construct chain (genitival)שַׁוְעָה (H7775) 'their cry'.
3

וַיַּעֲלֵ֤נִי מִבּ֥וֹר שָׁאוֹן֮ מִטִּ֪יט הַיָּ֫וֵ֥ן וַיָּ֖קֶם עַל סֶ֥לַע רַגְלַ֗י כּוֹנֵ֥ן אֲשֻׁרָֽי

And he went up the pit horrible as / like mire and he arose on the rock the feet of ready going.

Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action. Lead predicate is 'and he went up'.
Word-by-word analysis· 11 words
וַיַּעֲלֵ֤נִיand he went upconj וְ + Hiphil wayyiqtol 3ms + sfx 1cs · עָלָה (H5927)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceעָלָה (H5927) 'and he went up'.
מִבּ֥וֹרthe pitprep + N com m sg constr · בּוֹר (H953)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)בּוֹר (H953) 'the pit'.
שָׁאוֹן֮horribleN c · שָׁאוֹן (H7588)Construct chain (genitival)שָׁאוֹן (H7588) 'horrible'.
מִטִּ֪יטas / likeprep + N com m sg constr · טִיט (H2916)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)טִיט (H2916) 'as / like'.
הַיָּ֫וֵ֥ןmireart + N com m sg abs · יָוֵן (H3121)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יָוֵן (H3121) 'mire'.
וַיָּ֖קֶםand he aroseconj וְ + Hiphil wayyiqtol 3ms · קוּם (H6965)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceקוּם (H6965) 'and he arose'.
עַלonprep · עַל (H5921)Particle or relational elementעַל (H5921) 'on'.
סֶ֥לַעthe rockN c · סֶלַע (H5553)Construct chain (genitival)סֶלַע (H5553) 'the rock'.
רַגְלַ֗יthe feet ofN c · רֶגֶל (H7272)Construct chain (genitival)רֶגֶל (H7272) 'the feet of'.
כּוֹנֵ֥ןreadyPolel perf 3ms · כּוּן (H3559)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actכּוּן (H3559) 'ready'.
אֲשֻׁרָֽיgoingN c · אָשֻׁר (H838)Construct chain (genitival)אָשֻׁר (H838) 'going'.
4

וַיִּתֵּ֬ן בְּפִ֨י שִׁ֥יר חָדָשׁ֮ תְּהִלָּ֪ה לֵֽאלֹ֫הֵ֥ינוּ יִרְא֣וּ רַבִּ֣ים וְיִירָ֑אוּ וְ֝יִבְטְח֗וּ בַּיהוָֽה

And he gave in the mouth of a song new your praise to our God shall they appear many and they feared trusting against YHWH.

Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action. Lead predicate is 'and he gave'.
Word-by-word analysis· 11 words
וַיִּתֵּ֬ןand he gaveconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · נָתַן (H5414)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceנָתַן (H5414) 'and he gave'.
בְּפִ֨יin the mouth ofprep + N com m sg constr + sfx 1cs · פֶּה (H6310)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)פֶּה (H6310) 'in the mouth of'.
שִׁ֥ירa songN c · שִׁירָה (H7892)Construct chain (genitival)שִׁירָה (H7892) 'a song'.
חָדָשׁ֮newAdj · חָדָשׁ (H2319)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)חָדָשׁ (H2319) 'new'.
תְּהִלָּ֪הyour praiseN c · תְּהִלָּה (H8416)Construct chain (genitival)תְּהִלָּה (H8416) 'your praise'.
לֵֽאלֹ֫הֵ֥ינוּto our Godprep + N com m pl constr + sfx 1cp · אֱלֹהִים (H430)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֱלֹהִים (H430) 'to our God'.
יִרְא֣וּshall they appearQal impf 3mp · רָאָה (H7200)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalרָאָה (H7200) 'shall they appear'.
רַבִּ֣יםmanyAdj · רַב (H7227)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)רַב (H7227) 'many'.
וְיִירָ֑אוּand they fearedconj וְ + Qal impf 3mp · יָרֵא (H3372)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalיָרֵא (H3372) 'and they feared'.
וְ֝יִבְטְח֗וּtrustingconj וְ + Qal impf 3mp · בָּטַח (H982)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalבָּטַח (H982) 'trusting'.
בַּיהוָֽהagainst YHWHprep + N proper · יְהוָה (H3068)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוָה (H3068) 'against YHWH'.
5

אַ֥שְֽׁרֵי הַגֶּ֗בֶר אֲשֶׁר שָׂ֣ם יְ֭הֹוָה מִבְטַח֑וֹ וְֽלֹא פָנָ֥ה אֶל רְ֝הָבִ֗ים וְשָׂטֵ֥י כָזָֽב

Happy are you the man that set YHWH confidence and not turns to proud and deceitful.

Qatal — perfective or stative predicationasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Qatal — perfective or stative predication. Lead predicate is 'set'.
Word-by-word analysis· 12 words
אַ֥שְֽׁרֵיhappy are youN c · אֶשֶׁר (H835)Construct chain (genitival)אֶשֶׁר (H835) 'happy are you'.
הַגֶּ֗בֶרthe manart + N com m sg abs · גֶּבֶר (H1397)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)גֶּבֶר (H1397) 'the man'.
אֲשֶׁרthatrel. שֶׁ · אֲשֶׁר (H834)Particle or relational elementאֲשֶׁר (H834) 'that'.
שָׂ֣םsetQal perf 3ms · שִׂים (H7760)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actשִׂים (H7760) 'set'.
יְ֭הֹוָהYHWHN · יְהוָה (H3068)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוָה (H3068) 'YHWH'.
מִבְטַח֑וֹconfidenceN c · מִבְטָח (H4009)Construct chain (genitival)מִבְטָח (H4009) 'confidence'.
וְֽלֹאand notconj וְ + neg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'and not'.
פָנָ֥הturnsQal perf 3ms · פָּנָה (H6437)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actפָּנָה (H6437) 'turns'.
אֶלtoprep · אֶל (H413)Particle or relational elementאֶל (H413) 'to'.
רְ֝הָבִ֗יםproudN c · רָהָב (H7295)Construct chain (genitival)רָהָב (H7295) 'proud'.
וְשָׂטֵ֥יandconj וְ + Qal ptc mp · שׂוּט (H7750)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorשׂוּט (H7750) 'and'.
כָזָֽבdeceitfulN c · כָּזָב (H3577)Construct chain (genitival)כָּזָב (H3577) 'deceitful'.
6

רַבּ֤וֹת עָשִׂ֨יתָ אַתָּ֤ה יְהוָ֣ה אֱלֹהַי֮ נִֽפְלְאֹתֶ֥יךָ וּמַחְשְׁבֹתֶ֗יךָ אֵ֫לֵ֥ינוּ אֵ֤ין עֲרֹ֬ךְ אֵלֶ֗יךָ אַגִּ֥ידָה וַאֲדַבֵּ֑רָה עָ֝צְמ֗וּ מִסַּפֵּֽר

Many you have done you YHWH the God of to fulfill designs to us there is not and he arranged to you and it was told and I will speak and grew strong and he recounted.

Qatal — perfective or stative predicationasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Qatal — perfective or stative predication. Lead predicate is 'you have done'.
Word-by-word analysis· 15 words
רַבּ֤וֹתmanyAdj · רַב (H7227)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)רַב (H7227) 'many'.
עָשִׂ֨יתָyou have doneQal perf 2ms · עָשָׂה (H6213)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actעָשָׂה (H6213) 'you have done'.
אַתָּ֤הyoupron 2ms · אַתָּה (H859)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אַתָּה (H859) 'you'.
יְהוָ֣הYHWHN · יְהוָה (H3068)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוָה (H3068) 'YHWH'.
אֱלֹהַי֮the God ofN c · אֱלֹהִים (H430)Construct chain (genitival)אֱלֹהִים (H430) 'the God of'.
נִֽפְלְאֹתֶ֥יךָto fulfillN · פָּלָא (H6381)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)פָּלָא (H6381) 'to fulfill'.
וּמַחְשְׁבֹתֶ֗יךָdesignsconj וְ + N com f pl constr + sfx 2ms · מַחֲשָׁבָה (H4284)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מַחֲשָׁבָה (H4284) 'designs'.
אֵ֫לֵ֥ינוּto usprep + sfx 1cp · אֶל (H413)Particle or relational elementאֶל (H413) 'to us'.
אֵ֤יןthere is notneg. · אַיִן (H369)Particle or relational elementאַיִן (H369) 'there is not'.
עֲרֹ֬ךְand he arrangedQal inf constr · עָרַךְ (H6186)Infinitive construct→ Infinitive construct: purpose, result, or complementעָרַךְ (H6186) 'and he arranged'.
אֵלֶ֗יךָto youprep + sfx 2ms · אֶל (H413)Particle or relational elementאֶל (H413) 'to you'.
אַגִּ֥ידָהand it was toldHiphil cohortative 1cs · נָגַד (H5046)Predicate verb (weqatal / cohortative)→ Weqatal/cohortative: sequential or volitionalנָגַד (H5046) 'and it was told'.
וַאֲדַבֵּ֑רָהand I will speakconj וְ + Piel cohortative 1cs · דִּבֶּר (H1696)Predicate verb (weqatal / cohortative)→ Weqatal/cohortative: sequential or volitionalדִּבֶּר (H1696) 'and I will speak'.
עָ֝צְמ֗וּand grew strongQal perf 3cp · עָצַם (H6105)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actעָצַם (H6105) 'and grew strong'.
מִסַּפֵּֽרand he recountedprep + Piel inf constr · סָפַר (H5608)Infinitive construct→ Infinitive construct: purpose, result, or complementסָפַר (H5608) 'and he recounted'.
7

זֶ֤בַח וּמִנְחָ֨ה לֹֽא חָפַ֗צְתָּ אָ֭זְנַיִם כָּרִ֣יתָ לִּ֑י עוֹלָ֥ה וַ֝חֲטָאָ֗ה לֹ֣א שָׁאָֽלְתָּ

The sacrifice of or grain offering not you delight in the ears of digs to me a burnt offering a sin not you asked.

Qatal — perfective or stative predicationasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Qatal — perfective or stative predication. Lead predicate is 'you delight'.
Word-by-word analysis· 11 words
זֶ֤בַחthe sacrifice ofN c · זֶבַח (H2077)Construct chain (genitival)זֶבַח (H2077) 'the sacrifice of'.
וּמִנְחָ֨הor grain offeringconj וְ + N com f sg abs · מִנְחָה (H4503)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מִנְחָה (H4503) 'or grain offering'.
לֹֽאnotneg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'not'.
חָפַ֗צְתָּyou delightQal perf 2ms · חָפֵץ (H2654)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actחָפֵץ (H2654) 'you delight'.
אָ֭זְנַיִםin the ears ofN c · אֹזֶן (H241)Construct chain (genitival)אֹזֶן (H241) 'in the ears of'.
כָּרִ֣יתָdigsQal perf 2ms · כָּרָה (H3738)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actכָּרָה (H3738) 'digs'.
לִּ֑יto meprep + sfx 1csParticle or relational elementFunction word: 'to me'.
עוֹלָ֥הa burnt offeringN c · עֹלָה (H5930)Construct chain (genitival)עֹלָה (H5930) 'a burnt offering'.
וַ֝חֲטָאָ֗הa sinconj וְ + N com f sg abs · חֲטָאָה (H2401)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)חֲטָאָה (H2401) 'a sin'.
לֹ֣אnotneg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'not'.
שָׁאָֽלְתָּyou askedQal perf 2ms · שָׁאַל (H7592)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actשָׁאַל (H7592) 'you asked'.
8

אָ֣ז אָ֭מַרְתִּי הִנֵּה בָ֑אתִי בִּמְגִלַּת סֵ֝֗פֶר כָּת֥וּב עָלָֽי

Then I said behold I have come roll the book of written against me.

Qatal — perfective or stative predicationasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Qatal — perfective or stative predication. Lead predicate is 'I said'. Speech formula or quoted address.
Word-by-word analysis· 8 words
אָ֣זthenart · אָז (H227)Particle or relational elementאָז (H227) 'then'.
אָ֭מַרְתִּיI saidQal perf 1cs · אָמַר (H559)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actאָמַר (H559) 'I said'.
הִנֵּהbeholdadv. · הִנֵּה (H2009)Particle or relational elementהִנֵּה (H2009) 'behold'.
בָ֑אתִיI have comeQal perf 1cs · בּוֹא (H935)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actבּוֹא (H935) 'I have come'.
בִּמְגִלַּתrollprep + N com f sg constr · מְגִלָּה (H4039)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מְגִלָּה (H4039) 'roll'.
סֵ֝֗פֶרthe book ofN c · סֵפֶר (H5612)Construct chain (genitival)סֵפֶר (H5612) 'the book of'.
כָּת֥וּבwrittenQal ptc ms · כָּתַב (H3789)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorכָּתַב (H3789) 'written'.
עָלָֽיagainst meprep + sfx 1cs · עַל (H5921)Particle or relational elementעַל (H5921) 'against me'.
9

לַֽעֲשֽׂוֹת רְצוֹנְךָ֣ אֱלֹהַ֣י חָפָ֑צְתִּי וְ֝ת֥וֹרָתְךָ֗ בְּת֣וֹךְ מֵעָֽי

To do favor the God of I do not desire and your Torah in the midst of from your body.

Infinitive construct — purpose, result, or complementasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Infinitive construct — purpose, result, or complement. Lead predicate is 'to do'.
Word-by-word analysis· 7 words
לַֽעֲשֽׂוֹתto doprep + Qal inf constr · עָשָׂה (H6213)Infinitive construct→ Infinitive construct: purpose, result, or complementעָשָׂה (H6213) 'to do'.
רְצוֹנְךָ֣favorN c · רָצוֹן (H7522)Construct chain (genitival)רָצוֹן (H7522) 'favor'.
אֱלֹהַ֣יthe God ofN c · אֱלֹהִים (H430)Construct chain (genitival)אֱלֹהִים (H430) 'the God of'.
חָפָ֑צְתִּיI do not desireQal perf 1cs · חָפֵץ (H2654)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actחָפֵץ (H2654) 'I do not desire'.
וְ֝ת֥וֹרָתְךָ֗and your Torahconj וְ + N com f sg constr + sfx 2ms · תּוֹרָה (H8451)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)תּוֹרָה (H8451) 'and your Torah'.
בְּת֣וֹךְin the midst ofprep + N com m sg constr · תָּוֶךְ (H8432)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)תָּוֶךְ (H8432) 'in the midst of'.
מֵעָֽיfrom your bodyN c · מֵעֶה (H4578)Construct chain (genitival)מֵעֶה (H4578) 'from your body'.
10

בִּשַּׂ֤רְתִּי צֶ֨דֶק בְּקָ֘הָ֤ל רָ֗ב הִנֵּ֣ה שְׂ֭פָתַי לֹ֣א אֶכְלָ֑א יְ֝הוָ֗ה אַתָּ֥ה יָדָֽעְתָּ

To just into the assembly of great behold the edge of not and ... was restrained YHWH you you know.

Qatal — perfective or stative predicationasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Qatal — perfective or stative predication. Lead predicate is 'to'.
Word-by-word analysis· 11 words
בִּשַּׂ֤רְתִּיtoPiel perf 1cs · בָּשַׂר (H1319)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actבָּשַׂר (H1319) 'to'.
צֶ֨דֶקjustN c · צֶדֶק (H6664)Construct chain (genitival)צֶדֶק (H6664) 'just'.
בְּקָ֘הָ֤לinto the assembly ofprep + N com m sg abs · קָהָל (H6951)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)קָהָל (H6951) 'into the assembly of'.
רָ֗בgreatAdj · רַב (H7227)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)רַב (H7227) 'great'.
הִנֵּ֣הbeholdadv. · הִנֵּה (H2009)Particle or relational elementהִנֵּה (H2009) 'behold'.
שְׂ֭פָתַיthe edge ofN c · שָׂפָה (H8193)Construct chain (genitival)שָׂפָה (H8193) 'the edge of'.
לֹ֣אnotneg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'not'.
אֶכְלָ֑אand ... was restrainedQal impf 1cs · כָּלָא (H3607)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalכָּלָא (H3607) 'and ... was restrained'.
יְ֝הוָ֗הYHWHN · יְהוָה (H3068)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוָה (H3068) 'YHWH'.
אַתָּ֥הyoupron 2ms · אַתָּה (H859)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אַתָּה (H859) 'you'.
יָדָֽעְתָּyou knowQal perf 2ms · יָדַע (H3045)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actיָדַע (H3045) 'you know'.
11

צִדְקָתְךָ֬ לֹא כִסִּ֨יתִי בְּת֬וֹךְ לִבִּ֗י אֱמוּנָתְךָ֣ וּתְשׁוּעָתְךָ֣ אָמָ֑רְתִּי לֹא כִחַ֥דְתִּי חַסְדְּךָ֥ וַ֝אֲמִתְּךָ֗ לְקָהָ֥ל רָֽב

Righteousness not that covers in the midst of my heart faithfulness deliverance I said not hide your steadfast love true an assembly of great.

Qatal — perfective or stative predicationasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Qatal — perfective or stative predication. Lead predicate is 'that covers'. Speech formula or quoted address.
Word-by-word analysis· 14 words
צִדְקָתְךָ֬righteousnessN c · צְדָקָה (H6666)Construct chain (genitival)צְדָקָה (H6666) 'righteousness'.
לֹאnotneg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'not'.
כִסִּ֨יתִיthat coversPiel perf 1cs · כָּסָה (H3680)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actכָּסָה (H3680) 'that covers'.
בְּת֬וֹךְin the midst ofprep + N com m sg constr · תָּוֶךְ (H8432)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)תָּוֶךְ (H8432) 'in the midst of'.
לִבִּ֗יmy heartN c · לֵב (H3820)Construct chain (genitival)לֵב (H3820) 'my heart'.
אֱמוּנָתְךָ֣faithfulnessN c · אֱמוּנָה (H530)Construct chain (genitival)אֱמוּנָה (H530) 'faithfulness'.
וּתְשׁוּעָתְךָ֣deliveranceconj וְ + N com f sg constr + sfx 2ms · תְּשׁוּעָה (H8668)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)תְּשׁוּעָה (H8668) 'deliverance'.
אָמָ֑רְתִּיI saidQal perf 1cs · אָמַר (H559)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actאָמַר (H559) 'I said'.
לֹאnotneg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'not'.
כִחַ֥דְתִּיhidePiel perf 1cs · כָּחַד (H3582)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actכָּחַד (H3582) 'hide'.
חַסְדְּךָ֥your steadfast loveN c · חֶסֶד (H2617)Construct chain (genitival)חֶסֶד (H2617) 'your steadfast love'.
וַ֝אֲמִתְּךָ֗trueconj וְ + N com f sg constr + sfx 2ms · אֱמֶת (H571)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֱמֶת (H571) 'true'.
לְקָהָ֥לan assembly ofprep + N com m sg abs · קָהָל (H6951)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)קָהָל (H6951) 'an assembly of'.
רָֽבgreatAdj · רַב (H7227)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)רַב (H7227) 'great'.
12

אַתָּ֤ה יְהוָ֗ה לֹא תִכְלָ֣א רַחֲמֶ֣יךָ מִמֶּ֑נִּי חַסְדְּךָ֥ וַ֝אֲמִתְּךָ֗ תָּמִ֥יד יִצְּרֽוּנִי

You YHWH not and ... was restrained compassion from me your steadfast love true continually he guarded him.

Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-orientedasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'and ... was restrained'.
Word-by-word analysis· 10 words
אַתָּ֤הyoupron 2ms · אַתָּה (H859)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אַתָּה (H859) 'you'.
יְהוָ֗הYHWHN · יְהוָה (H3068)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוָה (H3068) 'YHWH'.
לֹאnotneg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'not'.
תִכְלָ֣אand ... was restrainedQal impf 2ms · כָּלָא (H3607)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalכָּלָא (H3607) 'and ... was restrained'.
רַחֲמֶ֣יךָcompassionN c · רַחֲמִים (H7356)Construct chain (genitival)רַחֲמִים (H7356) 'compassion'.
מִמֶּ֑נִּיfrom meprep + sfx 1cs · מִן (H4480)Particle or relational elementמִן (H4480) 'from me'.
חַסְדְּךָ֥your steadfast loveN c · חֶסֶד (H2617)Construct chain (genitival)חֶסֶד (H2617) 'your steadfast love'.
וַ֝אֲמִתְּךָ֗trueconj וְ + N com f sg constr + sfx 2ms · אֱמֶת (H571)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֱמֶת (H571) 'true'.
תָּמִ֥ידcontinuallyN c · תָּמִיד (H8548)Construct chain (genitival)תָּמִיד (H8548) 'continually'.
יִצְּרֽוּנִיhe guarded himQal impf 3mp + sfx 1cs · נָצַר (H5341)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalנָצַר (H5341) 'he guarded him'.
13

כִּ֤י אָפְפ֥וּ עָלַ֨י רָע֡וֹת עַד אֵ֬ין מִסְפָּ֗ר הִשִּׂיג֣וּנִי עֲ֭וֺנֹתַי וְלֹא יָכֹ֣לְתִּי לִרְא֑וֹת עָצְמ֥וּ מִשַּֽׂעֲר֥וֹת רֹ֝אשִׁ֗י וְלִבִּ֥י עֲזָבָֽנִי

For compass against me evils until there is not the number of his means can afford the iniquity of and not I have prevailed to see and grew strong hair the heads of his heart you forsake.

Qatal — perfective or stative predication
kî-clause (causal, recitative, or evidential). Qatal — perfective or stative predication. Lead predicate is 'compass'.
Word-by-word analysis· 17 words
כִּ֤יforconj וְ · כִּי (H3588)Particle or relational elementכִּי (H3588) 'for'.
אָפְפ֥וּcompassQal perf 3cp · אָפַף (H661)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actאָפַף (H661) 'compass'.
עָלַ֨יagainst meprep + sfx 1cs · עַל (H5921)Particle or relational elementעַל (H5921) 'against me'.
רָע֡וֹתevilsN c · רַע (H7451)Construct chain (genitival)רַע (H7451) 'evils'.
עַדuntilprep · עַד (H5704)Particle or relational elementעַד (H5704) 'until'.
אֵ֬יןthere is notneg. · אַיִן (H369)Particle or relational elementאַיִן (H369) 'there is not'.
מִסְפָּ֗רthe number ofN c · מִסְפָּר (H4557)Construct chain (genitival)מִסְפָּר (H4557) 'the number of'.
הִשִּׂיג֣וּנִיhis means can affordHiphil perf 3cp + sfx 1cs · נָשַׂג (H5381)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actנָשַׂג (H5381) 'his means can afford'.
עֲ֭וֺנֹתַיthe iniquity ofN c · עָוֹן (H5771)Construct chain (genitival)עָוֹן (H5771) 'the iniquity of'.
וְלֹאand notconj וְ + neg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'and not'.
יָכֹ֣לְתִּיI have prevailedQal perf 1cs · יָכֹל (H3201)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actיָכֹל (H3201) 'I have prevailed'.
לִרְא֑וֹתto seeprep + Qal inf constr · רָאָה (H7200)Infinitive construct→ Infinitive construct: purpose, result, or complementרָאָה (H7200) 'to see'.
עָצְמ֥וּand grew strongQal perf 3cp · עָצַם (H6105)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actעָצַם (H6105) 'and grew strong'.
מִשַּֽׂעֲר֥וֹתhairprep + N com f pl constr · שַׂעֲרָה (H8185)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שַׂעֲרָה (H8185) 'hair'.
רֹ֝אשִׁ֗יthe heads ofN c · רֹאשׁ (H7218)Construct chain (genitival)רֹאשׁ (H7218) 'the heads of'.
וְלִבִּ֥יhis heartconj וְ + N com m sg constr + sfx 1cs · לֵב (H3820)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)לֵב (H3820) 'his heart'.
עֲזָבָֽנִיyou forsakeQal perf 3ms + sfx 1cs · עָזַב (H5800)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actעָזַב (H5800) 'you forsake'.
14

רְצֵ֣ה יְ֭הוָה לְהַצִּילֵ֑נִי יְ֝הוָ֗ה לְעֶזְרָ֥תִי חֽוּשָׁה

It shall be accepted YHWH has delivered YHWH to the help of and hastens.

Imperative — volitional addressasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Imperative — volitional address. Lead predicate is 'it shall be accepted'.
Word-by-word analysis· 6 words
רְצֵ֣הit shall be acceptedQal impv 2ms · רָצָה (H7521)Predicate verb (imperative)→ Volitional: imperativeרָצָה (H7521) 'it shall be accepted'.
יְ֭הוָהYHWHN · יְהוָה (H3068)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוָה (H3068) 'YHWH'.
לְהַצִּילֵ֑נִיhas deliveredprep + Hiphil inf constr + sfx 1cs · נָצַל (H5337)Infinitive construct→ Infinitive construct: purpose, result, or complementנָצַל (H5337) 'has delivered'.
יְ֝הוָ֗הYHWHN · יְהוָה (H3068)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוָה (H3068) 'YHWH'.
לְעֶזְרָ֥תִיto the help ofprep + N com f sg constr + sfx 1cs · עֶזְרָה (H5833)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עֶזְרָה (H5833) 'to the help of'.
חֽוּשָׁהand hastensQal impv 2ms + Sh · חוּשׁ (H2363)Predicate verb (imperative)→ Volitional: imperativeחוּשׁ (H2363) 'and hastens'.
15

יֵ֘בֹ֤שׁוּ וְיַחְפְּר֨וּ יַחַד֮ מְבַקְשֵׁ֥י נַפְשִׁ֗י לִסְפּ֫וֹתָ֥הּ יִסֹּ֣גוּ אָ֭חוֹר וְיִכָּלְמ֑וּ חֲ֝פֵצֵ֗י רָעָתִֽי

Were ashamed and together seeking my soul you be swept away backslider backward you have humiliated me delight in the evil.

Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-orientedasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'were ashamed'.
Word-by-word analysis· 11 words
יֵ֘בֹ֤שׁוּwere ashamedQal impf 3mp · בּוּשׁ (H954)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalבּוּשׁ (H954) 'were ashamed'.
וְיַחְפְּר֨וּandconj וְ + Qal impf 3mp · חָפֵר (H2659)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalחָפֵר (H2659) 'and'.
יַחַד֮togetherart · יַחְדָּו (H3162)Particle or relational elementיַחְדָּו (H3162) 'together'.
מְבַקְשֵׁ֥יseekingPiel ptc mp · בִּקֵּשׁ (H1245)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorבִּקֵּשׁ (H1245) 'seeking'.
נַפְשִׁ֗יmy soulN c · נֶפֶשׁ (H5315)Construct chain (genitival)נֶפֶשׁ (H5315) 'my soul'.
לִסְפּ֫וֹתָ֥הּyou be swept awayprep + Qal inf constr + sfx 3fs · סָפָה (H5595)Infinitive construct→ Infinitive construct: purpose, result, or complementסָפָה (H5595) 'you be swept away'.
יִסֹּ֣גוּbacksliderN · סוּג (H5472)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)סוּג (H5472) 'backslider'.
אָ֭חוֹרbackwardN c · אָחוֹר (H268)Construct chain (genitival)אָחוֹר (H268) 'backward'.
וְיִכָּלְמ֑וּyou have humiliated meconj וְ + Niphal impf 3mp · כָּלַם (H3637)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalכָּלַם (H3637) 'you have humiliated me'.
חֲ֝פֵצֵ֗יdelight inAdj · חָפֵץ (H2655)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)חָפֵץ (H2655) 'delight in'.
רָעָתִֽיthe evilN c · רַע (H7451)Construct chain (genitival)רַע (H7451) 'the evil'.
16

יָ֭שֹׁמּוּ עַל עֵ֣קֶב בָּשְׁתָּ֑ם הָאֹמְרִ֥ים לִ֝֗י הֶ֘אָ֥ח הֶאָֽח

And I will desolate on because to and he said to me ah ah.

Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'and I will desolate'. Speech formula or quoted address.
Word-by-word analysis· 8 words
יָ֭שֹׁמּוּand I will desolateQal impf 3mp · שָׁמֵם (H8074)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalשָׁמֵם (H8074) 'and I will desolate'.
עַלonprep · עַל (H5921)Particle or relational elementעַל (H5921) 'on'.
עֵ֣קֶבbecauseN c · עֵקֶב (H6118)Construct chain (genitival)עֵקֶב (H6118) 'because'.
בָּשְׁתָּ֑םtoN c · בֹּשֶׁת (H1322)Construct chain (genitival)בֹּשֶׁת (H1322) 'to'.
הָאֹמְרִ֥יםand he saidart + Qal ptc mp · אָמַר (H559)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorאָמַר (H559) 'and he said'.
לִ֝֗יto meprep + sfx 1csParticle or relational elementFunction word: 'to me'.
הֶ֘אָ֥חahparticle · הֶאָח (H1889)Particle or relational elementהֶאָח (H1889) 'ah'.
הֶאָֽחahparticle · הֶאָח (H1889)Particle or relational elementהֶאָח (H1889) 'ah'.
17

יָ֘שִׂ֤ישׂוּ וְיִשְׂמְח֨וּ בְּךָ֗ כָּֽל מְבַ֫קְשֶׁ֥יךָ יֹאמְר֣וּ תָ֭מִיד יִגְדַּ֣ל יְהוָ֑ה אֹֽ֝הֲבֵ֗י תְּשׁוּעָתֶֽךָ

He rejoiced and you shall rejoice among you all seeking they say continually grows up YHWH to love deliverance.

Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-orientedasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'he rejoiced'.
Word-by-word analysis· 11 words
יָ֘שִׂ֤ישׂוּhe rejoicedQal impf 3mp · שׂוּשׂ (H7797)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalשׂוּשׂ (H7797) 'he rejoiced'.
וְיִשְׂמְח֨וּand you shall rejoiceconj וְ + Qal impf 3mp · שָׂמַח (H8055)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalשָׂמַח (H8055) 'and you shall rejoice'.
בְּךָ֗among youprep + sfx 2msParticle or relational elementFunction word: 'among you'.
כָּֽלallN c · כֹּל (H3605)Construct chain (genitival)כֹּל (H3605) 'all'.
מְבַ֫קְשֶׁ֥יךָseekingPiel ptc mp + sfx 2ms · בִּקֵּשׁ (H1245)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorבִּקֵּשׁ (H1245) 'seeking'.
יֹאמְר֣וּthey sayQal impf 3mp · אָמַר (H559)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalאָמַר (H559) 'they say'.
תָ֭מִידcontinuallyN c · תָּמִיד (H8548)Construct chain (genitival)תָּמִיד (H8548) 'continually'.
יִגְדַּ֣לgrows upQal impf 3ms · גָּדַל (H1431)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalגָּדַל (H1431) 'grows up'.
יְהוָ֑הYHWHN · יְהוָה (H3068)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוָה (H3068) 'YHWH'.
אֹֽ֝הֲבֵ֗יto loveQal ptc mp · אָהַב (H157)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorאָהַב (H157) 'to love'.
תְּשׁוּעָתֶֽךָdeliveranceN c · תְּשׁוּעָה (H8668)Construct chain (genitival)תְּשׁוּעָה (H8668) 'deliverance'.
18

וַאֲנִ֤י עָנִ֣י וְאֶבְיוֹן֮ אֲדֹנָ֪י יַחֲשָׁ֫ב לִ֥י עֶזְרָתִ֣י וּמְפַלְטִ֣י אַ֑תָּה אֱ֝לֹהַ֗י אַל תְּאַחַֽר

And I poor and needy my Lord shall be reckoned to me to the help of and you the God of do not you shall delay.

Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'shall be reckoned'. Closes the chapter.
Word-by-word analysis· 12 words
וַאֲנִ֤יand Iconj וְ + pron 1cs · אֲנִי (H589)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֲנִי (H589) 'and I'.
עָנִ֣יpoorAdj · עָנִי (H6041)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עָנִי (H6041) 'poor'.
וְאֶבְיוֹן֮and needyconj וְ + Adj · אֶבְיוֹן (H34)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֶבְיוֹן (H34) 'and needy'.
אֲדֹנָ֪יmy LordN c · אֲדֹנָי (H136)Construct chain (genitival)אֲדֹנָי (H136) 'my Lord'.
יַחֲשָׁ֫בshall be reckonedQal impf 3ms · חָשַׁב (H2803)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalחָשַׁב (H2803) 'shall be reckoned'.
לִ֥יto meprep + sfx 1csParticle or relational elementFunction word: 'to me'.
עֶזְרָתִ֣יto the help ofN c · עֶזְרָה (H5833)Construct chain (genitival)עֶזְרָה (H5833) 'to the help of'.
וּמְפַלְטִ֣יandconj וְ + Piel ptc ms + sfx 1cs · פָּלַט (H6403)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorפָּלַט (H6403) 'and'.
אַ֑תָּהyoupron 2ms · אַתָּה (H859)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אַתָּה (H859) 'you'.
אֱ֝לֹהַ֗יthe God ofN c · אֱלֹהִים (H430)Construct chain (genitival)אֱלֹהִים (H430) 'the God of'.
אַלdo notneg. · אַל (H408)Particle or relational elementאַל (H408) 'do not'.
תְּאַחַֽרyou shall delayPiel jussive 2ms · אָחַר (H309)Predicate verb (jussive)→ Jussive: volitionalאָחַר (H309) 'you shall delay'.